U.S. patent application number 13/786868 was filed with the patent office on 2013-09-12 for cutting oil with vegetal oil.
This patent application is currently assigned to QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION. The applicant listed for this patent is QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION. Invention is credited to Flavio Dantas Fassini, Ronaldo de Campos Melles, Sergio Issao Miura.
Application Number | 20130237464 13/786868 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49114639 |
Filed Date | 2013-09-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130237464 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Melles; Ronaldo de Campos ;
et al. |
September 12, 2013 |
CUTTING OIL WITH VEGETAL OIL
Abstract
Methods and compositions relating to a cutting oil including
vegetal oil such as Pinhao Manso vegetal oil, which may be applied
to a metal such as aluminum or gray cast iron during milling,
tapping, and/or drilling operations.
Inventors: |
Melles; Ronaldo de Campos;
(Rio de Janeiro, BR) ; Miura; Sergio Issao; (Sao
Paulo, BR) ; Fassini; Flavio Dantas; (Rio de Janeiro,
BR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION |
Conshohocken |
PA |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Conshohocken
PA
|
Family ID: |
49114639 |
Appl. No.: |
13/786868 |
Filed: |
March 6, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61607812 |
Mar 7, 2012 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
508/459 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10M 2201/02 20130101;
C10M 2207/046 20130101; C10N 2040/245 20200501; C10M 169/04
20130101; C10M 2207/2805 20130101; C10M 129/40 20130101; C10M
2215/02 20130101; C10M 2207/125 20130101; C10N 2040/246 20200501;
C10M 2219/044 20130101; C10M 2209/103 20130101; C10N 2040/22
20130101; C10N 2040/20 20130101; C10N 2040/24 20130101; C10M 105/38
20130101; C10N 2030/06 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
508/459 |
International
Class: |
C10M 129/40 20060101
C10M129/40 |
Claims
1. A cutting oil comprising Pinhao Manso vegetal oil in an amount
of at least about 30 Wt % of the cutting oil.
2. The cutting oil of claim 1, wherein the cutting oil comprises
about 40 wt % to about 70 wt % Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
3. The cutting oil of claim 1, comprising synthetic esters in an
amount of about 5 wt % to about 20 wt % of the cutting oil.
4. The cutting oil of claim 1, comprising saturated and/or
unsaturated fatty acids in an amount of about 10 wt % to about 30
wt % of the cutting oil.
5. A method of metal processing, comprising: applying a cutting oil
to a metal, wherein the cutting oil comprises Pinhao Manso vegetal
oil in an amount of at least about 30 wt % of the cutting oil.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the cutting oil comprises Pinhao
Manso vegetal oil in an amount of about 40 wt % to about 70 wt % of
the cutting oil.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the cutting oil is applied to a
metal for milling, tapping, and/or drilling operations.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the metal is aluminum.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the metal is gray cast iron.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority benefit from U.S.
Provisional Patent Application No. 61/607,812, filed on Mar. 7,
2012, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Cutting fluid is often used in abundance to cool and
lubricate machining and grinding processes of metal. The use of
cutting fluid generally aids in economy of tools and it becomes
easier to keep tight tolerances and to maintain workpiece surface
properties without damages.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a
cutting oil includes Pinhao Manso vegetal oil in an amount of at
least about 30 wt % of the cutting oil; or about 40 wt % to about
70 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0004] In some embodiments, a cutting oil includes saturated and/or
unsaturated fatty acids in an amount of about 10 wt % to about 30
wt % of the cutting oil. In some embodiments, a cutting oil
includes synthetic esters in an amount of about 5 wt % to about 20
wt % of the cutting oil.
[0005] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a
method of metal processing includes applying a cutting oil to a
metal, wherein the cutting oil includes Pinhao Manso vegetal oil in
an amount of at least about 30 wt % of the cutting oil. In some
embodiments, the metal is gray cast iron or aluminum. In some
embodiments, the cutting oil is applied to a metal for milling,
tapping, and/or drilling operations.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present invention relates to compositions and methods
for use in the machining and grinding processes of metal alloys. In
some embodiments, the present invention relates to a cutting oil
composition including one or more vegetal oils, such as Pinhao
Manso vegetal oil.
[0007] Cutting Oil
[0008] In some embodiments, a cutting oil contains vegetal oil. In
some embodiments, a cutting oil contains Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil may be produced by an extraction process
of Pinhao Manso seeds. Pinhao Manso may be known by its scientific
name of Jatropha curcas L., and is a member of botanical family
Euphorbiaceae. Pinhao Manso may also be known as physic nut,
purging nut, Barbado nut, Pinho-paraguaio, pinho-de-purga,
pinho-de-cerca, purgante-de-cavalo, manduigau, mandubigua,
figo-doinferno, purgueira, mandythygnaco, pinho cro, Pion,
Pioncito, Piol, Higos del duende, Barbasco, Piones purgativos,
Periyanasi (piro); Pin josh (amahuaca); Wapawapaoshe (ese eja);
Josho pionis y Huiso pionis (shipiboconibo), or Pea branco
(portugus).
[0009] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains one
or more of the following acids or saturated or unsaturated oils:
miristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and
linolenic. In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains
miristic acid in an amount of about 0.05 wt % to about 0.25 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.07 wt % to about 0.23 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.09 wt % to about 0.21 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.1 wt % to about 0.2 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.05 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.06 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.07 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.08 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.09 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.1 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.11 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.12 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.13 wt % the Pinhao Manso vegetal
oil; about 0.14 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.15 wt
% of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.156 wt % of the Pinhao
Manso vegetal oil; about 0.16 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil;
about 0.17 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.18 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.19 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.2 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.21 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.22 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.23 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.24 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; or
about 0.25 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
[0010] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains
palmitic acid in an amout of about 13.16 wt % to about 13.36 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.18 wt % to about 13.34 wt
% of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.2 wt % to about 13.32
wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.22 wt % to about
13.3 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.24 to about
13.28 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.16 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.18 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 13.2 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
13.22 wt% of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.24 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.26 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 13.265 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil;
about 13.28 wt % the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.3 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 13.32 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 13.34 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; or
about 13.36 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
[0011] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains
palmitoleic acid in an amount of about 0.67 wt % to about 0.87 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.69 wt % to about 0.85 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.71 wt % to about 0.83 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.73 wt % to about 0.81 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.75 to about 0.79 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.67 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.69 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.71 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.73 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.75 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.77 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.774 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.79 wt % the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.81 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.83 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.85 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; or about 0.87 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
[0012] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains
stearic acid in an amount of about 6.5 wt % to about 6.7 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.52 wt % to about 6.68 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.54 wt % to about 6.66 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.56 wt % to about 6.64 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.58 to about 6.62 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.5 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 6.52 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
6.54 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.56 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.58 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 6.6 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
6.62 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.64 wt % the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 6.66 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 6.68 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; or
about 6.7 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
[0013] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains oleic
acid in an amount of about 39.3 wt % to about 41.3 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 39.5 wt % to about 41.1 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 39.7 wt % to about 40.9 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 39.9 wt % to about 40.7 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 40.1 to about 40.5 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 39.3 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 39.5 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
39.7 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 39.9 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 40.1 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 40.3 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
40.354 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 40.5 wt % the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 40.7 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 40.9 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
41.1 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; or about 41.3 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
[0014] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains
linoleic acid in an amount of about 37.7 wt % to about 39.7 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 37.9 wt % to about 39.5 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 38.1 wt % to about 39.3 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 38.3 wt % to about 39.1 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 38.5 to about 38.9 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 37.7 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 37.9 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
38.1 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 38.3 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 38.5 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 38.695 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil;
about 38.7 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 38.9 wt %
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 39.1 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 39.3 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
39.5 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; or about 39.7 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
[0015] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil contains
linolenic acid in an amount of about 0.05 wt % to about 0.25 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.07 wt % to about 0.23 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.09 wt % to about 0.21 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.1 wt % to about 0.2 wt %
of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.05 wt % of the Pinhao
Manso vegetal oil; about 0.06 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil;
about 0.07 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.08 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.09 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.1 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.11 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.12 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.13 wt % the Pinhao Manso vegetal
oil; about 0.14 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.15 wt
% of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.156 wt % of the Pinhao
Manso vegetal oil; about 0.16 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil;
about 0.17 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.18 wt % of
the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.19 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.2 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about
0.21 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.22 wt % of the
Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; about 0.23 wt % of the Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil; about 0.24 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil; or
about 0.25 wt % of the Pinhao Manso vegetal oil.
[0016] In one embodiment, Pinhao Manso oil exhibits the following
gas chromatography results:
TABLE-US-00001 Peak No. Reten. Time rea [mV s] Amount [%] Component
Name 1 1.887 7.2230 0.156 Miristic 2 2.367 614.3937 13.265 Palmitic
3 2.453 35.8613 0.774 Palmitoleic 4 3.020 305.6855 6.600 Stearic 5
3.140 1869.0711 40.354 Oleic 6 3.333 1792.2645 38.695 Linoleic 7
3.587 7.2315 0.156 Linolenic Total 4631.7306 100.000
[0017] In some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil exhibits a
yellow to amber color with a clear to slightly hazy appearance. In
some embodiments, Pinhao Manso vegetal oil has a density
(20/4.degree. C.) of about 0.905 to about 0.935, or about 0.918; a
flash point of about 290.degree. C. or greater, or about
304.degree. C.; a saponification value of about 180 mgKOH/g to
about 210 mgKOH/g, or about 192.7 mgKOH/g; and/or a Karl Fischer
water content of about 0.15% to about 0.3%, or about 0.22%.
[0018] In some embodiments, a cutting oil contains Pinhao Manso oil
in an amount of about 20 wt % of the cutting oil; about 25 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 30 wt %; of the cutting oil; about 35 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 40 wt % of the cutting oil; about 45 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 50 wt % of the cutting oil; about 55 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 60 wt % of the cutting oil; about 65 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 70 wt % of the cutting oil; about 75 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 80 wt % of the cutting oil; about 85 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 90 wt % of the cutting oil; about 95 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 100 wt % of the cutting oil; about 20 wt
% or greater of the cutting oil; about 25 wt % or greater of the
cutting oil; about 30 wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 35
wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 40 wt % or greater of the
cutting oil; about 45 wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 50
wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 55 wt % or greater of the
cutting oil; about 60 wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 65
wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 70 wt % or greater of the
cutting oil; about 75 wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 80
wt % or greater of the cutting oil; about 85 wt % or greater of the
cutting oil; about 90 wt % or greater of the cutting oil; or about
95 wt % or greater of the cutting oil.
[0019] Cutting oils of the present invention may also contain other
vegetal oils as well as conventional cutting oil components. In
some embodiments, cutting oils may include synthetic esters,
saturated or unsaturated fatty acids (C.sub.12-C.sub.22),
carboxylic acid, water, sulfonates, alcohols, glycol ethers,
polyglycols, amines, biocides, corrosion inhibitor, EP additives,
and/or defoamers.
[0020] In some embodiments, suitable synthetic esters may include
but are not limited to TMP oleate ester and NPG-oleate ester. In
some embodiments, a cutting oil may contain synthetic ester in an
amount of about 1 wt % to about 30 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2
wt % to about 25 wt % of the cutting oil; about 3 wt % to about 20
wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2
wt % of the cutting oil; about 3 wt % of the cutting oil; about 4
wt % of the cutting oil; about 5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 6
wt % of the cutting oil; about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; about 8
wt % of the cutting oil; about 9 wt % of the cutting oil; about 10
wt % of the cutting oil; about 11 wt % of the cutting oil; about 12
wt % of the cutting oil; about 13 wt % of the cutting oil; about 14
wt % of the cutting oil; about 15 wt % of the cutting oil; about 16
wt % of the cutting oil; about 17 wt % of the cutting oil; about 18
wt % of the cutting oil; about 19 wt % of the cutting oil; about 20
wt % of the cutting oil; about 21 wt % of the cutting oil; about 22
wt % of the cutting oil; about 23 wt % of the cutting oil; about 24
wt % of the cutting oil; about 25 wt % of the cutting oil; or about
30 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0021] In some embodiments, suitable saturated or unsaturated fatty
acids may include but are not limited to (Z)-docos-13-enoic acid;
(9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid; octanoic acid; and/or
(9Z,12R)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid. In some embodiments, a
cutting oil includes saturated or unsaturated fatty acids
(C.sub.12-C.sub.22) in an amount of about 1 wt % to about 40 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % to about 38 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 4 wt % to about 36 wt % of the cutting oil; about 6 wt %
to about 34 wt % of the cutting oil; about 8 wt % to about 32 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 10 wt % to about 30 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 10 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 12 wt % of the cutting oil; about 14 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 16 wt % of the cutting oil; about 18 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 20 wt % of the cutting oil; about 22 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 24 wt % of the cutting oil; about 26 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 28 wt % of the cutting oil; about 30 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 32 wt % of the cutting oil; about 34 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 36 wt % of the cutting oil; about 38 wt % of the cutting
oil; or about 40 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0022] In some embodiments, suitable carboxylic acids may include
but are not limited to 1,12-dodecanedioic Acid;
decamethylenedicarboxylic acid; and/or undecanedioic acid. In some
embodiments, a cutting oil may contain carboxylic acids in an
amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % of the cutting oil; about
0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % to
about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % to about 7 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % to about 6 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.1 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 3 wt % of the cutting oil; about 4 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 6 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; about 8 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 9 wt % of the cutting oil; or about 10 wt
% of the cutting oil.
[0023] In some embodiments, a cutting oil may contain water in an
amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % of the cutting oil; about
0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % to
about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % to about 7 wt % of
the cutting oil; ; about 0.8 wt % to about 6 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.1 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.4
wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % of the cutting oil; about
0.8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % of the cutting oil; about
2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2.5 wt % of the cutting oil; about
3 wt % of the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 5
wt % of the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 7
wt % of the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 9
wt % of the cutting oil; or about 10 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0024] In some embodiments, suitable sulfonates may include but are
not limited to neutral sodium sulphonate. In some embodiments, a
cutting oil may contain sulfonates in an amount of about 1 wt % to
about 30 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % to about 25 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 3 wt % to about 20 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 3 wt % of the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 9 wt % of the cutting oil; about 10 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 11 wt % of the cutting oil; about 12 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 13 wt % of the cutting oil; about 14 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 15 wt % of the cutting oil; about 16 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 17 wt % of the cutting oil; about 18 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 19 wt % of the cutting oil; about 20 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 21 wt % of the cutting oil; about 22 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 23 wt % of the cutting oil; about 24 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 25 wt % of the cutting oil; or about 30 wt % of the cutting
oil.
[0025] In some embodiments, a cutting oil may contain alcohol in an
amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % of the cutting oil; about
0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % to
about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % to about 7 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % to about 6 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.1 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 2 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 3 wt % of the cutting oil; about 4 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 6 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; about 8 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 9 wt % of the cutting oil; or about 10 wt
% of the cutting oil.
[0026] In some embodiments, suitable glycol ethers may include but
are not limited to propylene glycol phenyl ether; ethylene glycol
monophenyl ether; ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; and/or ethylene
glycol monoisopropyl ether. In some embodiments, a cutting oil may
contain glycol ethers in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 0.4 wt % to about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6
wt % to about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; ; about 0.8 wt % to about
6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the
cutting oil; about 0.1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 3 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 5 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 7 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 9 wt %
of the cutting oil; or about 10 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0027] In some embodiments, suitable polyglycols may include but
are not limited to 2-methyloxirane; and/or
polyethylene-polypropylene glycol. In some embodiments, a cutting
oil may contain polyglycol in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about
10 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the
cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % to about 8 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 0.6 wt % to about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; ; about 0.8 wt %
to about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 3 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 5 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 7 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 9 wt %
of the cutting oil; or about 10 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0028] In some embodiments, suitable amines may include but are not
limited to n-cyclohexylcyclohexanamine; triethanolamine; and/or
methyl diethanolamine. In some embodiments, a cutting oil may
contain amines in an amount of about 1 wt % to about 30 wt % of the
cutting oil; about 2 wt % to about 25 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 3 wt % to about 20 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 3 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 5 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 7 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 9 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 10 wt % of the cutting oil; about 11 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 12 wt % of the cutting oil; about 13 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 14 wt % of the cutting oil; about 15 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 16 wt % of the cutting oil; about 17 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 18 wt % of the cutting oil; about 19 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 20 wt % of the cutting oil; about 21 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 22 wt % of the cutting oil; about 23 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 24 wt % of the cutting oil; about 25 wt % of
the cutting oil; or about 30 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0029] In some embodiments, suitable biocides may include but are
not limited to methylene-bis-morpholine; and/or
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one. In some embodiments, a cutting oil may
contain biocide in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 0.4 wt % to about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt %
to about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; ; about 0.8 wt % to about 6 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 0.1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of the
cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 3 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 5 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 7 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 9 wt % of
the cutting oil; or about 10 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0030] In some embodiments, suitable corrosion inhibitors may
include but are not limited to 1H-benzotriazol; and/or
1,2,3-benzotriazol. In some embodiments, a cutting oil may contain
corrosion inhibitors in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 0.4 wt % to about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6
wt % to about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % to about 6
wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the
cutting oil; about 0.1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.3 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 0.5 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 0.7 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.8
wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.9 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1
wt % of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 3
wt % of the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 5
wt % of the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 7
wt % of the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 9
wt % of the cutting oil; or about 10 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0031] In some embodiments, suitable EP additives may include but
are not limited to polysulfides, di-tert-dodecyl polysulfide,
di-tert-nonyl polysulfide, di-tert-dodecyl disulfide, and/or
di-tert-butyl polysulfide. In some embodiments, a cutting oil may
contain EP additives in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % to about 9 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 0.4 wt % to about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6
wt % to about 7 wt % of the cutting oil; ; about 0.8 wt % to about
6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of the
cutting oil; about 0.1 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 1 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 3 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 5 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 6 wt % of the cutting oil; about 7 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 9 wt %
of the cutting oil; or about 10 wt % of the cutting oil.
[0032] In some embodiments, suitable defoamers may include but are
not limited to polydimethylsiloxanes, polypropylene glycol
copolymers, polyethylene glycol, fatty acid soaps, and/or
siloxanes. In some embodiments, a cutting oil may contain defoamer
in an amount of about 0.01 wt % to about 1 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 0.02 wt % to about 0.9 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.04 wt
% to about 0.8 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.06 wt % to about
0.7 wt % of the cutting oil; ; about 0.08 wt % to about 0.6 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.1 wt % to about 0.5 wt % of the cutting
oil; about 0.01 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.02 wt % of the
cutting oil; about 0.04 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.06 wt % of
the cutting oil; about 0.08 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.1 wt %
of the cutting oil; about 0.2 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.3 wt
% of the cutting oil; about 0.4 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.5
wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.6 wt % of the cutting oil; about
0.7 wt % of the cutting oil; about 0.8 wt % of the cutting oil;
about 0.9 wt % of the cutting oil; or about 1 wt % of the cutting
oil.
[0033] In some embodiments, a cutting oil is formulated as
follows:
TABLE-US-00002 Component Wt % Pinhao Manso Oil 40-70 Synthetic
Esters 5-20 Saturated/Unsaturated 10-30 fatty acids
(C.sub.12-C.sub.22) Sulfonates 5-20 Alcohols 1-5 Polyglycols 1-5
Amines 10-30 Biocides 1-5 Defoamers 0.1-0.5
[0034] Application
[0035] Cutting oils of embodiments of the present invention may be
used in conventional methods for cuttings oils, lubricants, and
coolants in metal machining and grinding processes. In some
embodiments, cutting oils of the present invention are applied in
machining and grinding processes of metals. In some embodiments,
cutting oils of the present invention are applied in machining and
grinding processes of metal alloys. In some embodiments, cutting
oils of the present invention are applied in machining and grinding
processes of aluminum metal alloys. In some embodiments, cutting
oils of the present invention are applied for milling, drilling,
and/or tapping.
[0036] In some embodiments, cutting oils of the present invention
exhibit enhanced lubricity. In some embodiments, cutting oils of
the present invention containing Pinhao Manso vegetal oil exhibit
enhanced lubricity as compared to cutting oils containing other
vegetal oils but not Pinhao Manso vegetal oil. In some embodiments,
cutting oils of the present invention may provide a decrease in
tool consumption during the machining and grinding process of
metals, metal alloys and aluminum metal alloys. For example, in one
embodiment, use of a cutting oil of the present invention results
in at least 20% less tool consumption in the metal machining and
grinding process than other vegetal based oils and premium oils. In
one embodiment, use of a cutting oil of the present invention
including Pinhao Manso vegetal oil results in at least 20% less
tool consumption in the metal machining and grinding process for
aeronautic aluminum and cast iron than other vegetal based oils and
premium oils.
[0037] In some embodiments, cutting oils of the present invention
may be advantageous over conventional cutting oils because cutting
oils of the present invention may be environmentally friendly; they
are easier to discharge as compared to cutting oils containing
large amounts of mineral oils, and may be produced from a renewable
raw material such as Pinhao Manso seeds. In some embodiments,
cutting oils of the present invention containing Pinhao Manso
vegetal oil may be less expensive than other types of vegetal oils
useful in cutting oil manufacturing.
[0038] In some embodiments, a cutting oil of the present invention
which includes Pinhao Manso oil removes more volume than
conventional cutting oils in milling operations. In some
embodiments, a Pinhao Manso cutting oil removes about 20 wt % more
than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling; about 25 wt %
more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling; about 30
wt % more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling; about
35 wt % more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling;
about 40 wt % more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum
milling; about 45 wt % more than conventional cutting oils in
aluminum milling; about 50 wt % more than conventional cutting oils
in aluminum milling; about 55 wt % more than conventional cutting
oils in aluminum milling; about 60 wt % more than conventional
cutting oils in aluminum milling; about 65 wt % more than
conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling; about 70 wt % more
than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling; about 75 wt %
more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling; about 80
wt % more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling; about
85 wt % more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling;
about 90 wt % more than conventional cutting oils in aluminum
milling; about 95 wt % more than conventional cutting oils in
aluminum milling; about 100 wt % more than conventional cutting
oils in aluminum milling; or more than about 100 wt % more than
conventional cutting oils in aluminum milling.
EXAMPLES
[0039] The following examples, wherein all parts, percentages, and
ratios are by weight, and all temperatures are in .degree. F.
unless indicated to the contrary, illustrate some embodiments of
the present invention:
Example 1
[0040] A cutting oil was prepared according to the following
formulation:
TABLE-US-00003 Component Wt % Pinhao Manso Oil 43.8 Synthetic
Esters 9.0 Water 2.5 Saturated/Unsaturated 21.0 fatty acids
(C.sub.12-C.sub.22) Carboxylic acid 1.0 Sulfonates 3.5 Glycol
Ethers 2.0 Polyglycols 2.0 Corrosion Inhibitor 0.5 EP Additives 3.0
Amines 7.5 Biocides 4.0 Defoamers 0.2
Example 2
[0041] A Pinhao Manso cutting oil according to the formulation of
Example 1 was applied during milling of aluminum, with a spindle
velocity of 16000 rpm, a vc of 603 m/min and an fz of 0.05
mm/tooth. Several other cutting oils were applied under the same
conditions as a comparison. The cutting oils produced the following
results:
TABLE-US-00004 Product Removed Volume (cm.sup.3) Pinhao Manso
Product 60 2nd Place Product 40 Average of Other Products 28
[0042] The results show that the Pinhao Manso cutting oil removed
50% more volume than the next best cutting oil, and more than 100%
more than the average of the other tested cutting oil products.
Example 3
[0043] A Pinhao Manso cutting oil according to the formulation of
Example 1 was applied during tapping of aluminum, with a spindle
velocity of 12000 rpm and the following conditions:
TABLE-US-00005 Alloy Aluminum 7075 vc [m/min] 320 fz [mm/tooth]
0.08 Passing hole [mm] 20
[0044] The process resulted in a total number of threads of
1250.
Example 4
[0045] A Pinhao Manso cutting oil according to the formulation of
Example 1 was applied during drilling of gray cast iron. The
drilling operation was run at a spindle velocity of 12000 rpm and
the following conditions:
TABLE-US-00006 Conditions vc [m/min] fz [mm/tooth] 1 95 0.3 2 95
0.2 3 120 0.3 4 120 0.2
[0046] Several other cutting oils were applied under the same
conditions as a comparison. The cutting oils produced the following
results:
TABLE-US-00007 Number of Holes Condition Condition Condition
Condition Products 1 2 3 4 Pinhao Manso Product 432 324 180 180 2nd
Place Product 396 324 180 144 3rd Place Product 360 288 144 108
[0047] The results show that the Pinhao Manso cutting oil resulted
in higher number of holes for Conditions 1 and 4 than the 2nd place
cutting oil, and a higher number of holes for all four conditions
than the 3rd place product.
Example 5
[0048] A Pinhao Manso cutting oil according to the formulation of
Example 1 was applied during tapping of gray cast iron, with a
spindle velocity of 12000 rpm and the following conditions:
TABLE-US-00008 Alloy Aluminum 7075 vc [m/min] 124 fz [mm/tooth]
0.027 Passing hole [mm] 45
[0049] The process resulted in a total number of threads of
300.
[0050] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
changes could be made to the exemplary embodiments shown and
described above without departing from the broad inventive concept
thereof. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not
limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but it is
intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the
present invention as defined by the claims. For example, specific
features of the exemplary embodiments may or may not be part of the
claimed invention and features of the disclosed embodiments may be
combined.
[0051] It is to be understood that at least some of the figures and
descriptions of the invention have been simplified to focus on
elements that are relevant for a clear understanding of the
invention, while eliminating, for purposes of clarity, other
elements that those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate
may also comprise a portion of the invention.
* * * * *