U.S. patent application number 13/846451 was filed with the patent office on 2013-08-22 for dental positioning stent, and manufacturing method, using method and components for the same.
The applicant listed for this patent is Chao-Hsiang Cheng, Chia-Yu Cheng, Chia-Yun Cheng, Po-Kun CHENG. Invention is credited to Chao-Hsiang Cheng, Chia-Yu Cheng, Chia-Yun Cheng, Po-Kun CHENG.
Application Number | 20130216979 13/846451 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45033863 |
Filed Date | 2013-08-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130216979 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
CHENG; Po-Kun ; et
al. |
August 22, 2013 |
DENTAL POSITIONING STENT, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD, USING METHOD
AND COMPONENTS FOR THE SAME
Abstract
A dental positioning stent for drilling an implant hole and a
manufacturing method, a using method and components for the same
are provided. The manufacturing method includes: slicing a tooth
mold and a false tooth model along a preset slice plane; fixing two
markers in the preset slice plane on two sides of the false tooth
model respectively; covering the markers and the false tooth model
with a shaping agent to form a positioning stent; putting the
positioning stent on the teeth in a mouth to perform tomography
imaging to acquire a slice image of the preset slice plane;
mounting a positioning aid having a positioning hole in the
positioning stent according to the slice image pasted up on the
tooth mold to guide an initial drill. A dental positioning stent
for tomography imaging, and a manufacturing method, a using method,
and components thereof are provided.
Inventors: |
CHENG; Po-Kun; (Taipei City,
TW) ; Cheng; Chia-Yun; (Taipei City, TW) ;
Cheng; Chia-Yu; (Taipei City, TW) ; Cheng;
Chao-Hsiang; (Taipei City, TW) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
CHENG; Po-Kun
Cheng; Chia-Yun
Cheng; Chia-Yu
Cheng; Chao-Hsiang |
Taipei City
Taipei City
Taipei City
Taipei City |
|
TW
TW
TW
TW |
|
|
Family ID: |
45033863 |
Appl. No.: |
13/846451 |
Filed: |
March 18, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
13302255 |
Nov 22, 2011 |
|
|
|
13846451 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
433/202.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C 8/0051 20130101;
A61C 8/0089 20130101; A61B 6/02 20130101; A61C 13/34 20130101; A61B
6/14 20130101; A61C 13/08 20130101; A61C 1/084 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
433/202.1 |
International
Class: |
A61C 1/08 20060101
A61C001/08; A61B 6/02 20060101 A61B006/02; A61C 8/00 20060101
A61C008/00; A61B 6/14 20060101 A61B006/14; A61C 13/08 20060101
A61C013/08; A61C 13/34 20060101 A61C013/34 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 26, 2010 |
TW |
099140979 |
Claims
1. A using method for a dental positioning stent, used for
manufacturing an abutment tooth, wherein a shape of the positioning
stent corresponds to a tooth mold, and the positioning stent has a
false tooth space corresponding to a shape of a false tooth, the
method comprising: mounting an analog implant in an implant hole of
the tooth mold; putting the positioning stent on the tooth mold;
and removing a part of the tooth mold according to inner edge
boundaries of the positioning stent and the tooth mold and an upper
end periphery of the analog implant to form a concave, so as to
manufacture the abutment tooth according to the concave and the
false tooth space.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a divisional of co-pending application
Ser. No. 13/302,255, filed Nov. 22, 2011, and the right of priority
of parent application is and was claimed under 35 USC .sctn.119 of
Taiwanese Application No. 99140979, filed 2010 Nov. 26, the entire
disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The disclosure relates to a dental positioning stent, and a
manufacturing method, a using method, and components for the same,
and more particularly to a dental positioning stent for positioning
an implant and to take tooth tomography scanning slice images, and
a manufacturing method, a using method, and components for the
same.
[0004] 2. Related Art
[0005] Before performing tooth implant surgery, a dentist normally
makes a tooth mold according to the teeth of a patient, and
determines a tooth implant position, and an implant angle and an
implant depth of an implant on the tooth mold according to
experiences. However, for patients, tooth structures are all
different, and growth directions of teeth are slightly different.
If only personal experiences are relied on, and no reliable aiding
tools are available, an error may be incurred to an implant
position, thereby harming neighboring teeth or nerves.
[0006] Tooth implant surgery therefore requires the aid of
tomography scanning, so as to determine patient information such as
a tooth structure and a depth of an alveolar bone, thereby
evaluating selection of an implant and consideration of an implant
position. However, a dentist can only speculate a slice plane
position of an image on the tooth mold according to the tomography
image, so as to judge the size of an implant to be used, an implant
position, and an implant angle. In fact, errors may still occur,
thereby incurring risks of harming neighboring teeth or nerves.
[0007] Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ROC
patent No. 1244915. The patent provides a method for making a tooth
implant positioning guide hole using a tooth mold. First, a tooth
mold a1 is coated with a silica gel, and the tooth mold a1 covers
teeth of a patient to make a guide seat a2. By acquiring geometric
data of a three-dimensional (3D) digital model of the teeth of the
patient, a depth, a position, and an angle of drill required by
tooth implant are analyzed with a computer, according to which a
guide hole a21 is drilled, and a sleeve a22 is placed in the guide
hole a21. Thus, a drill bit a3 guided by the sleeve a22 drills an
implant hole in an alveolar bone.
[0008] However, the tooth implant position is analyzed through a
computer, the analysis of which is difficult for the dentist to
transform into a physical tooth mold, and is likely to result in
error when in a tooth implant position of the guide seat a2 is
transformed. In addition, the 3D image analysis software and the
guide seat machining table are typically too costly to implement.
More importantly, tooth implant evaluation cannot be performed
according to a shape of a false tooth expected to be mounted and a
gum image at the same time, and the tooth implant position and a
tooth implant angle can only be analyzed according to the gum
image, which may cause the implant to be inconsistent with adjacent
teeth.
SUMMARY
[0009] Accordingly, a major objective of embodiments of the
disclosure is to provide a dental positioning stent and a
manufacturing method for the same, so as to aid tooth implant
positioning, and help a dentist to evaluate tooth implant surgery
accurately according to a tomography image and a tooth mold.
[0010] Another objective of the embodiments of the disclosure is to
provide a dental positioning stent and a manufacturing method for
the same, to take a tooth tomography scanning slice image and
aiding a dentist to acquire an accurate slice image.
[0011] Another objective of the embodiments of the disclosure is to
provide components used in a dental positioning stent for
manufacturing a dental positioning stent and aiding tooth implant
surgery.
[0012] An embodiment of the disclosure provides a dental
positioning stent and a manufacturing method for the same, for
positioning an implant to mount a false tooth on the implant. The
manufacturing method includes the following steps: manufacturing a
tooth mold according to teeth in a mouth of a patient, selecting a
preset implant position of an implant on the tooth mold, and
disposing a false tooth model in equal proportion to a false tooth
on the tooth mold; selecting a preset slice plane passing through
the preset implant position, and slicing the tooth mold and the
false tooth model along the preset slice plane; fixing two markers
in the preset slice plane on two sides of the tooth mold and the
false tooth model respectively, where the markers are not
penetrated by an X-ray; covering the markers, the false tooth
model, and a part of the tooth mold surrounding the markers and the
false tooth model with a shaping agent to form a positioning stent,
where the shaping agent includes a resin polymer and a developer;
putting the positioning stent on the teeth in the mouth to perform
tomography imaging, so as to acquire a slice image of the preset
slice plane; pasting up the slice image on a slice plane of the
tooth mold in equal proportion; selecting a diameter, a length, an
implant depth, and an implant angle of the implant according to the
slice image pasted up on the tooth mold and a profile of the false
tooth model; and mounting a positioning aid having a positioning
hole in a corresponding position of the positioning stent to the
implant, where when the positioning stent is placed in the mouth of
the patient, a slider slides into the positioning hole to guide a
drill.
[0013] An embodiment of the disclosure provides a dental
positioning stent and a manufacturing method for the same, to take
a tooth tomography scanning slice image. The manufacturing method
includes the following steps: manufacturing a tooth mold according
to teeth in a mouth, where the tooth mold includes a dental crown
portion and a gum portion; selecting a preset slice plane of the
tooth mold; fixing two markers in the preset slice plane on two
sides of the tooth mold, where the markers are not penetrated by an
X-ray; and covering the markers and a part of the tooth mold
surrounding the markers with a shaping agent to form a positioning
stent, where the shaping agent includes a resin polymer and a
developer.
[0014] An embodiment of the disclosure provides components used in
a dental positioning stent, for using with a drill, which include:
a positioning aid, mounted in a positioning stent, where a center
of the positioning aid has a positioning hole running through the
positioning aid; a slider, sliding into the positioning hole to
guide a drill.
[0015] An embodiment of the disclosure provides components used in
a dental positioning stent, which include: a positioning aid,
mounted in a positioning stent, where a center of the positioning
aid has a positioning hole running through the positioning aid; a
drill, including a cutting portion and a shank portion; and a
slider, sliding into the positioning hole to guide a drill, where
the sum of the heights of the slider and the positioning aid is
essentially greater than or equal to the length of the cutting
portion of the drill.
[0016] An embodiment of the disclosure provides components used in
a dental positioning stent, for reaming the upper end of a guide
hole, which include: a guide drill, including a cutting portion, a
shank portion connected to the cutting portion and a cylindrical
portion extending from the top of the cutting portion, and the top
of the cutting portion is flat, such that after the cylindrical
portion is placed in advance into the guide hole, the cutting
portion reams the upper end of the guide hole.
[0017] Another objective of the embodiments of the disclosure is to
provide a using method of a dental positioning stent, so as to aid
manufacturing of an abutment tooth. A shape of the positioning
stent corresponds to a tooth mold, and the positioning stent has a
false tooth space corresponding to a shape of a false tooth. The
method includes the following steps: mounting an analog implant in
an implant hole of the tooth mold; putting the positioning stent on
the tooth mold; and removing a part of the tooth mold according to
boundaries of the false tooth space and the tooth mold and an upper
end periphery of the analog implant to form a concave, so as to
manufacture the abutment tooth according to the concave and the
false tooth space.
[0018] Preferred embodiments of the disclosure and effects thereof
are described below with reference to the drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The disclosure will become more fully understood from the
detailed description given herein below for illustration only, and
thus not limitative of the disclosure, wherein:
[0020] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dental positioning stent
according to the prior art;
[0021] FIG. 2 is a flowchart according to a first embodiment;
[0022] FIG. 3 is a model diagram according to the first
embodiment;
[0023] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a preset implant position
according to the first embodiment;
[0024] FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a preset slice plane according
to the first embodiment;
[0025] FIG. 6A is a sectional view of the preset slice plane
according to the first embodiment;
[0026] FIG. 6B is a schematic three-dimensional view of a
positioning stent according to the first embodiment;
[0027] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a selected implant according
to the first embodiment;
[0028] FIG. 8A is a schematic view of an implant hole according to
the first embodiment;
[0029] FIG. 8B is a schematic view of an initial drill according to
the first embodiment;
[0030] FIG. 9 is another schematic view of a positioning sleeve
according to the first embodiment;
[0031] FIG. 10A is a schematic view of an implant hole according to
a second embodiment;
[0032] FIG. 10B is a schematic view of an initial drill according
to the second embodiment;
[0033] FIG. 11A is a schematic view of reaming according to the
second embodiment;
[0034] FIG. 11B is a schematic view of an enlargement drill
according to the second embodiment;
[0035] FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a guide drill according to
the second embodiment and a third embodiment;
[0036] FIG. 13A is a schematic view of reaming according to the
third embodiment;
[0037] FIG. 13B is a schematic view of an enlargement drill
according to the third embodiment;
[0038] FIG. 14A is a schematic view of reaming according to a
fourth embodiment;
[0039] FIG. 14B is a schematic view of enlargement drill according
to the fourth embodiment;
[0040] FIG. 14C is a schematic view of another reaming according to
the fourth embodiment;
[0041] FIG. 14D is a schematic view of another positioning aid,
another enlargement drill and another positioning cap according to
the fourth embodiment;
[0042] FIG. 14E is a schematic view of another aspect of the
reaming according to the forth embodiment;
[0043] FIG. 14F is a schematic view of the other aspect of the
reaming according to the forth embodiment;
[0044] FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are schematic views of another aspect
of a positioning cap according to the fourth embodiment;
[0045] FIG. 16 is a flowchart according to a fifth embodiment;
[0046] FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a preset slice plane
according to the fifth embodiment;
[0047] FIG. 18 is a flowchart according to a sixth embodiment;
[0048] FIG. 19 is a first schematic view according to the sixth
embodiment;
[0049] FIG. 20 is a second schematic view according to the sixth
embodiment; and
[0050] FIG. 21 is an analog implant conveyor according to the sixth
embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0051] Please refer to FIG. 2, is a flowchart according to a first
embodiment. A dental positioning stent and a manufacturing method
thereof provided by the disclosure are used for positioning an
implant to mount a false tooth on the implant. The manufacturing
method includes the following steps.
[0052] In Step S110, a tooth mold is manufactured according to
teeth in a mouth of a patient, and a preset implant position of an
implant on the tooth mold is selected, according to which a false
tooth model in equal proportion to a false tooth is disposed on the
tooth mold.
[0053] Please refer to FIG. 3, is a model diagram according to the
first embodiment. A tooth mold 1 is manufactured by rolling over
according to teeth in a mouth of a patient, a false tooth model 12
in equal proportion to a false tooth expected to be mount is
manufactured, and the false tooth model 12 is disposed on the tooth
mold 1. A center of the false tooth model 12 is a preset implant
position 13 of an implant.
[0054] Please refer to FIG. 4, is a schematic view of a preset
implant position according to the first embodiment. A step of
selecting the preset implant position of the implant on the tooth
mold 1 includes Step S111 and Step S112.
[0055] In Step S111, a positioning aid 2 on the tooth mold 1 is
provided. An area of the tooth mold 1 covered by the positioning
aid 2 is the same as that of the false tooth. A center of the
positioning aid 2 has a positioning hole 21, and the positioning
hole 21 runs through the positioning aid 2.
[0056] Here, the positioning aid 2 is used to estimate a mounting
position and a space occupied by the false tooth. In some
embodiment, the shape of the positioning aid 2 may be a square
cuboid or a circle cuboid, but the disclosure is not limited
thereto.
[0057] In Step S112, a positioning sleeve 3 is inserted into the
positioning hole 21 of the positioning aid 2, and a preset implant
position 13 is acquired in a center of the positioning sleeve
3.
[0058] Here, a diameter of the positioning hole 21 of the
positioning aid 2 may be the same as that of the implant. A minimum
distance between an outer edge of the positioning hole 21 and an
outer edge of the positioning aid 2 is 1.5 mm, which is usually a
thickness by which the false tooth covers the implant. A height of
the positioning aid 2 may be 3 mm, which is usually a length by
which the implant is exposed from a gum after tooth implanting.
However, the diameter of the implant selected in the step is not
thus determined, and may also be adjusted in subsequent steps. In
particular, when a patient requires the mounting of consecutive
false teeth, a plurality of positioning aids 2 is arranged to
estimate mounting positions of the false teeth, which is both
visually helpful and convenient.
[0059] In Step S120, a preset slice plane passing through the
preset implant position 13 is selected, and the tooth mold 1 and
the false tooth model 12 are sliced along the preset slice
plane.
[0060] Please refer to FIG. 5, a schematic view of a preset slice
plane according to the first embodiment. A section along a line A-A
is the preset slice plane, which usually passes through the preset
implant position, is parallel to a vertical axis from a dental
crown portion to a tooth root portion of an adjacent tooth, and is
a section along a shortest distance d from a cheek side of the gum
to a tongue side of the gum.
[0061] In Step S130, two markers 61 are fixed in the preset slice
plane on two sides of the tooth mold 1 and the false tooth model 12
respectively. The markers 61 cannot be penetrated by an X-ray.
[0062] Please refer to FIG. 6A, a sectional view of the preset
slice plane according to the first embodiment. In some embodiment,
the markers 61 may be U-shaped metal objects with openings opposite
each other. One end of the marker 61 is connected to the false
tooth model 12, and the other end of the marker 61 is connected to
the tooth mold 1, but shapes of the markers 61 are not limited
thereto. Thus, the preset slice plane is marked. Only when the two
markers 61 are both included in one of the tomography images, can
the tomography image be a tomography image of the preset slice
plane.
[0063] However, the two markers 61 may also be replaced with a
marking object, which is located anywhere in the preset slice
plane. The marking object has a recognizable profile, for example a
geometric profile, in the section of the preset slice plane. For
example, the marking object may be formed by a triangle formed by a
metal wire, and the marking object is placed in the preset slice
plane along a plane defined by the triangle. Therefore, when a
tomography image has a triangular pattern corresponding to the
marking object, the slice image can be determined to be an expected
image of the preset slice plane.
[0064] In Step S140, a shaping agent 62 is used to cover the
markers 61, the false tooth model 12, and a part of the tooth mold
1 surrounding the markers 61 and the false tooth model 12, thereby
forming a positioning stent 6. The shaping agent 62 includes a
resin polymer and a developer. Please refer to FIG. 6B, a schematic
three-dimensional view of a positioning stent 6 according to the
first embodiment.
[0065] Here, the developer may be barium sulfate. Both the resin
polymer and gum tissue can be penetrated by X-ray, so that the
resin polymer and gum tissue are not shown in a tomography image.
Therefore, the developer is mixed in the positioning stent 6, so as
to identify boundaries between the positioning stent 6 and the gum
tissue.
[0066] In Step S150, the positioning stent 6 is put on the teeth in
the mouth to perform tomography imaging, so as to acquire a slice
image of the preset slice plane.
[0067] Here, the positioning stent 6 manufactured in Step S140 is
placed on the corresponding teeth of the patient to perform the
tomography imaging, and the slice image of the preset slice plane
can be acquired accurately through the two markers 61 disposed in
Step S130.
[0068] Furthermore, if it is found that a slice image better than
the preset slice plane exists by checking a tomography imaging
result, a section corresponding to the better slice image may be
sliced to replace the original preset slice plane.
[0069] In Step S160, the slice image is pasted up on a slice plane
of the tooth mold 1 in equal proportion. Here, the slice image is
cut along an edge of an image of the positioning stent 6 and the
gum, and is pasted up on the slice plane of the tooth mold 1,
thereby acquiring a tooth mold having the slice image.
[0070] Herein the step can enable a dentist to correctly check a
section of the gum of a patient, which is more realistic compared
with viewing a tomography image only through a computer, and the
dentist is therefore able to evaluate more accurately a state of
the patient, in order to decide how to perform tooth implant
surgery.
[0071] In Step S170, a diameter, a length, an implant depth, and an
implant angle of an implant 14 are selected according to the slice
image pasted up on the tooth mold 1 and a profile of the false
tooth model 12.
[0072] Here, please refer to FIG. 7, a schematic view of a selected
implant according to the first embodiment. The dentist can estimate
a relative position of the implant 14 and the false tooth to be
mounted according to a range of an alveolar bone 11 shown in the
slice image and using a profile of the false tooth model 12
provided inside the positioning stent 6, so as to select the
suitable diameter and length of the implant 14 and determine the
implant angle and depth.
[0073] Before this step, a false tooth coat of the false tooth
model 12 may otherwise be manufactured to replace the positioning
stent 6 of this step, and the false tooth coat can be sliced
according to the preset slice plane. Therefore, by means of this
step, the tomography image of the gum and a shape of the false
tooth to be mounted can be considered at the same time to decide
the diameter, length, implant depth, and implant angle of the
implant 14, thereby making consideration of the tooth implant more
comprehensive and accurate.
[0074] In Step S180, the positioning sleeve 3 is mounted in a
corresponding position of the positioning stent 6 to the implant
14. The positioning sleeve 3 guides an initial drill 7 to pass
through the positioning sleeve 3 to drill a guide hole 15 having a
depth equal to the implant depth in a gum 1' when the positioning
stent 6 is placed in the mouth of a patient (as shown in FIG. 8A).
Here, an alveolar bone 11' of the gum 1' corresponds to the
alveolar bone 11 of the tomography image.
[0075] Please refer to FIG. 8A, a schematic view of the guide hole
according to the first embodiment. The positioning sleeve 3 is in
the shape of a hollow sleeve, and is mounted in the positioning
stent 6, so that the initial drill 7 can pass through the
positioning sleeve 3 to drill the guide hole 15 according to the
preset implant position, implant angle, and implant depth. Please
refer to FIG. 8B, a schematic view of the initial drill according
to the first embodiment. Through the positioning sleeve 3, upon
reaching a certain depth the initial drill 7 may be prevented from
going downwards any further, thereby preventing the initial drill 7
from drilling a depth exceeding the expected depth. Here, a side
surface of the positioning sleeve 3 is a non-smooth surface, on
which a groove or a recessed point may be disposed (not shown), so
that the positioning stent 6 can cover the positioning sleeve 3
tightly, thereby preventing the positioning sleeve 3 departing from
the positioning stent 6 due to a force generated during drilling.
Here, preferably, an upper end of the positioning stent 6 may
substantially be aligned with an upper end of the positioning
sleeve 3, so as not to block viewing of the dentist.
[0076] Thus, before the tooth implant surgery the dentist can put
the positioning stent 6 manufactured in Steps S110 to S180 on
corresponding teeth of the patient to drill the guide hole 15
having the expected position, angle, and depth for mounting the
implant 14 and the false tooth. In addition, through the
positioning sleeve 3, upon drilling to the expected depth the
initial drill 7 may be prevented from going downwards any further,
thereby preventing harming nerves or adjacent teeth of the
patient.
[0077] Please refer to FIG. 9, another schematic view of the
positioning sleeve according to the first embodiment. The
positioning sleeve 3 bears a downward force of the initial drill 7,
and thus in order to prevent the positioning sleeve 3 departing
from the positioning stent 6 due to the downward force, a flange
portion 31 extending from the positioning sleeve 3 provides an
upward support force. The flange portion 31 may in fact be two
symmetrical extended wings, has a larger area relative to that of a
main body of the positioning sleeve 3, and ends of the flange
portion 31 are provided with holes 311. In addition, a distance may
be kept between the flange portion 31 and the upper end of the
positioning stent 6, so that the dentist can grip the positioning
sleeve 3 after drilling the guide hole 15.
[0078] In addition, an outer surface of the positioning sleeve 3 is
disposed with a protruding portion 32, so as to prevent the
positioning sleeve 3 from rotating together with the initial drill
7. Alternatively, an outer shape of the positioning sleeve 3 may be
changed into a polygonal prism, and a shape of the positioning hole
21 of the positioning aid 2 corresponds to the outer shape of the
positioning sleeve 3, so as to prevent the positioning sleeve 3
from rotating. Here, the protruding portion 32 may be in the form
of a protruding point.
[0079] Thus, after the initial drill 7 drills the guide hole 15,
the dentist can further ream the guide hole 15 into an implant
hole, so that a width of the implant hole is consistent with the
diameter of the implant, which is conducive to the mounting of the
implant.
[0080] Please refer to FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B. FIG. 10A is a
schematic view of a guide hole according to a second embodiment,
and FIG. 10B is a schematic view of an initial drill according to
the second embodiment. Referring to the steps in the first
embodiment, Step S180 in this embodiment further includes the
following steps.
[0081] In Step S280, the positioning sleeve 3 and the positioning
aid 2 are mounted in the positioning stent 6, and the positioning
sleeve 3 is placed in the positioning hole 21 of the positioning
aid 2.
[0082] Here, the positioning sleeve 3 is used to guide the initial
drill 7 to drill the guide hole 15. The positioning sleeve 3 may be
of the structure shown in FIG. 9 and have the flange portion 31 and
the protruding portion 32, or the outer shape of the positioning
sleeve 3 may be a polygonal prism. The positioning sleeve 3 is
placed in the positioning hole of the positioning aid 2, and the
flange portion 31 presses against an upper end of the positioning
aid 2. After the initial drill 7 drills downwards to a depth, a
shank portion of the initial drill 7 presses against the
positioning sleeve 3 and stops going downwards. By adjusting
heights of the positioning aid 2 and the positioning sleeve 3, the
guide hole 15 of the expected depth can be drilled. An inner wall
of the positioning aid 2 also has a groove 22 corresponding to the
protruding portion 32 to engage with the positioning sleeve 3,
thereby preventing the positioning sleeve 3 from rotating.
Furthermore, an end of the groove 22 extends laterally, so that
after being placed into the positioning aid 2 the positioning
sleeve 3 rotates to lock the protruding portion 32, which prevents
the positioning sleeve 3 from sliding out when tooth implant is
performed on an upper row of teeth.
[0083] In addition, an outside of the positioning aid 2 also has a
structure like the flange portion 31 of the positioning sleeve 3
(not shown), or a side surface of the positioning aid 2 is disposed
with a groove (not shown), so as to prevent the positioning aid 2
departing from the positioning stent 6 due to the force generated
during the drilling.
[0084] Here, a long pole having calibrations and a screw hole may
be used to simulate the depth, angle, and position of the guide
hole 15 drilled by the initial drill 7. Through the protruding
portion 32 and the groove 22, the positioning sleeve 3 can be fixed
in the positioning hole 21 of the positioning aid 2. The
positioning sleeve 3 is fixed on the long pole temporarily by
gluing. Thus, heights of the positioning aid 2 and the positioning
sleeve 3 relative to the guide hole 15 are fixed. Then, the
positioning aid 2 and the positioning sleeve 3 are mounted in the
positioning stent 6, and the long pole is taken out. In fact, a
hole may be drilled in the positioning stent 6, and after the
positioning stent 6 having the hole sleeves the long pole, the
positioning aid 2 and the positioning sleeve 3, the shaping agent
62 is used to fill the hole.
[0085] Please refer to FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B. FIG. 11A is a
schematic view of the reaming according to the second embodiment,
and FIG. 11B is a schematic view of an enlargement drill according
to the second embodiment. After Step S280, the method further
includes the following steps.
[0086] In Step S281, the positioning sleeve 3 is removed to allow
an enlargement drill 8 to pass through the positioning hole 21 of
the positioning aid 2. The enlargement drill 8 includes a cutting
portion 81 and a shank portion 82, and the cutting portion 81 reams
the guide hole 15.
[0087] Here, the enlargement drill 8 passes through the positioning
hole 21 to precisely ream the guide hole 15 drilled by the initial
drill 7. In addition, a diameter of the cutting portion 81 can be
increased step by step using different enlargement drills 8, so as
to ream the guide hole 15 step by step to form an implant hole
19.
[0088] Please refer to FIG. 12. FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a
guide drill according to the second embodiment. Before using the
enlargement drill 8, a guide drill 9 may be used to ream an upper
end of the guide hole 15. The guide drill 9 is like the enlargement
drill 8 to have a cutting portion 91 and a shank portion 92, and
have a cylindrical portion 93 extending from a top of the cutting
portion 91. A top of the cylindrical portion 93 is flat. Thus,
after the cylindrical portion 93 is placed in advance into the
guide hole 15 drilled in Step S180, the cutting portion 91 reams
downwards the upper end of the guide hole 15.
[0089] Then, the enlargement drill 8 is used to continue to perform
reaming downwards according to a part reamed by the guide drill 9,
so as to ream the guide hole 15 more steady and more accurately to
form the implant hole 19.
[0090] Please refer to FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B. FIG. 13A is a
schematic view of reaming according to a third embodiment, and FIG.
13B is a schematic view of an enlargement drill according to the
third embodiment. After the guide hole 15 is achieved by the method
of the second embodiment, the guide hole 15 may also be reamed
using the positioning aid 2 together with a reaming sleeve 4 of the
embodiment. After Step S280, the method further includes the
following steps.
[0091] In Step S381, the positioning sleeve 3 is removed. Here,
after the positioning sleeve 3 is removed, the positioning aid 2
remains in the positioning stent 6.
[0092] In Step S382, the reaming sleeve 4 is placed in the
positioning hole 21 of the positioning aid 2 to guide the
enlargement drill 8. The enlargement drill 8 includes the cutting
portion 81 and the shank portion 82, and the cutting portion 81
reams the guide hole 15 to form the implant hole 19. For an
enlargement drill 8 having a cutting portion 81 of a different
diameter, a reaming sleeve 4 of a different diameter 43 can be used
for replacement.
[0093] Here, in fact a structure of the reaming sleeve 4 also may
have a flange portion 41, holes 411 in the flange portion 41, and a
protruding portion 42. A difference between the structure of
reaming sleeve 4 and that of the positioning sleeve 3 lies in a
value of the diameter 43. The reaming sleeve 4 should allow the
enlargement drill 8 to pass through, so that the diameter 43 is
consistent with the diameter of the cutting portion 81 of the
enlargement drill 8. For the enlargement drill 8 having the cutting
portion 81 of a different diameter, the reaming sleeve 4 of a
different diameter 43 can also be provided.
[0094] An advantage of using the reaming sleeve 4 to aid the
reaming lies in that reaming sleeves 4 of different diameters 43
can be used for replacement to meet requirements of reaming in
ascending order. However, in Step S281 of the second embodiment,
the positioning aid 2 of the positioning stent 6 should be taken
out before using a positioning aid 2 having the positioning hole 21
of a different diameter for replacement.
[0095] Please refer to FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B. FIG. 14A is a
schematic view of reaming according to a fourth embodiment, and
FIG. 14B is a schematic view of an enlargement drill according to
the fourth embodiment. After the guide hole 15 is achieved by the
method of the second embodiment, the guide hole 15 may also be
reamed using the positioning aid 2 together with a positioning cap
5 of the embodiment. After Step S280, the method further includes
the following steps.
[0096] In Step S481, the positioning sleeve 3 is removed. Here,
after the positioning sleeve 3 is removed, the positioning aid 2
remains in the positioning stent 6.
[0097] In Step S482, a positioning cap 5 is provided, and the
positioning cap 5 slides into the positioning hole 21 of the
positioning aid 2, so as to guide the enlargement drill 8 to ream
the guide hole 15 to form the implant hole 19.
[0098] Here, the positioning cap 5 includes a tube portion 51 and a
flat portion 52. The flat portion 52 covers one end of the tube
portion 51 and extends outwards to form a flange portion 53. In
some embodiments, the flange portion 53 may be two symmetrical
extended wings, and holes 531 are opened at ends of the wings, so
as to be gripped by the dentist. A center of the flat portion 52
has a drill bit guide hole 54 running through the flat portion 52.
The tube portion 51 is used to receive the enlargement drill 8.
Additionally, if the flat portion 52 is thick enough to stabilize
the drill 8, the positioning cap 5 is suitable for different sizes
of diameter of the enlargement drill 8. The enlargement drill 8
includes the cutting portion 81 and the shank portion 82. The shank
portion 82 passes through the drill bit guide hole 54, and the
cutting portion 81 reams the guide hole 15. The shank portion 82 of
the enlargement drill 8 is disposed with a plurality of positioning
elements 84 protruding from a surface of the shank portion 82. In
addition, the flat portion 52 of the positioning cap 5 has recessed
holes 56 corresponding to the positioning elements 84. The recessed
holes 56 may be larger than the positioning elements 84, so that
the enlargement drill 8 can pass through the positioning cap 5. An
elastic ring 85 is put around a surface of the enlargement drill 8,
and is fixed below the positioning elements 84. After the
enlargement drill 8 drills downwards to make the elastic ring 85
contact with the positioning cap 5, the enlargement drill 8 stops
reaming, thereby avoiding drilling the implant hole 19 exceeding
the expected depth.
[0099] In fact, the elastic ring 85 may be a rubber ring, and the
number of the elastic ring 85 may be increased or an elastic ring
85 of a different width may be selected as required, thereby
adjusting the expected drilling depth flexibly. Here, the
positioning elements 84 can prevent the elastic ring 85 from moving
upwards.
[0100] For the same reason, the enlargement drill 8 shown in FIG.
11A of the second embodiment and FIG. 13A of the third embodiment
may also include the positioning elements 84 and the elastic ring
85, thereby ensuring the implant hole 19 having the expected depth
to be drilled. Here, a diameter of the elastic ring 85 shall be
larger than the diameter of the implant hole 19.
[0101] Here, the disposition of the positioning elements 84, the
elastic ring 85, and the recessed holes 56 are only exemplary, and
the expected drilling depth may also be set in other manners in the
first, second, third, and fourth embodiments. For example, as shown
in FIG. 14C, at a connecting location of a tooth implant machine
hand-piece 75 and the enlargement drill 8, the initial drill 7, or
other drill bit, at least one sleeve 76 of a specific height may
surround the drill bit to replace the positioning elements 84 and
the elastic ring 85. When the tooth implant machine hand-piece 75
goes downwards to make a front end of the sleeve 76 press against
the positioning cap 5, the drill bit is prevented from going
downwards any further. So, when using the sleeve 76 in FIG. 13A of
the third embodiment, the front end of the sleeve 76 presses
against the reaming sleeve 4. Similarly, when using the sleeve 76
in FIG. 11A of the second embodiment, the front end of the sleeve
76 presses against the positioning aid 2. When using the sleeve 76
in FIG. 8A of the first embodiment, the front end of the sleeve 76
presses against positioning sleeve 3.
[0102] A diameter of the drill bit guide hole 54 of the positioning
cap 5 is consistent with a diameter of the shank portion 82 of the
enlargement drill 8. In some embodiments, the shank portion 82
further includes a shank head portion 821. A diameter of the shank
head portion 821 is larger than that of the shank portion 82, and
the shank head portion 821 engages with an inner wall of the tube
portion 51, so that a drilling direction of the enlargement drill 8
can be stabled. The positioning cap 5 is applicable to various
enlargement drills 8 having the cutting portions 81 of different
diameters, since although the diameters of the cutting portions 81
of the enlargement drills 8 are different the diameters of the
shank head portions 821 of the enlargement drill 8 are the same. In
some embodiments, the enlargement drill 8 does not have the shank
head portion 821, and the shank portion 82 is directly connected to
the cutting portion 81. Accordingly, when the shank portion 82
passes through the positioning cap 5, a part of the cutting portion
81 is in the tube portion 51. There are different sizes of the
enlargement drill 8 can be used when the diameter of cutting
portion 81 is smaller than the caliber of the tube portion 51.
[0103] Furthermore, referring to FIG. 14E, which a schematic view
of another aspect of the reaming according to the forth embodiment.
The sum of the heights of the positioning aid 2 and the positioning
cap 5 is essentially greater than or equal to the length of the
cutting portion of the initial drill 7, the length of that of the
enlargement drill 8 or the length of the cutting portion of the
guide drill 9. Alternatively, the height of the positioning aid 2
or the positioning cap 5 is greater than or equal to the length of
the cutting portion of the initial drill 7, the length of that of
the enlargement drill 8 or the length of the cutting portion of the
guide drill 9. For example, the length of the cutting portion 81 in
FIG. 14E is shorter than the length of the cutting portion 81 in
FIG. 14C. Referring to FIG. 14E, the whole of the cutting portion
81 is in the positioning cap 5. Accordingly, before sliding the
positioning cap 5 into the positioning hole 21, the positioning aid
2, the positioning cap 5 and the cutting portion 81 in FIG. 14E
occupy less space than that in FIG. 14C. Furthermore, using the
enlargement drill 8 in FIG. 14E brings less heat than using the
enlargement drill 8 in FIG. 14C.
[0104] Here, an outer shape of the positioning aid 2 or the
positioning cap 5 may be polygonal or round. When the outer shape
of the positioning cap 5 is round, a side surface of the
positioning cap 5 is disposed with a protruding portion 55. A wall
of the positioning hole 21 of the positioning aid 2 also has the
groove 22 corresponding to the protruding portion 55, so that the
positioning aid 2 engages with the positioning cap 5 to prevent the
positioning cap 5 from rotating. Alternatively, when the outer
shape of the positioning cap 5 is polygonal, the wall of the
positioning hole 21 of the positioning aid 2 also has a
corresponding shape to prevent the positioning cap 5 from rotating
together with the enlargement drill 8.
[0105] In some embodiments, the flange portion 53 may be in the
form of two protruding points shown in FIG. 14C and FIG. 14D. FIG.
14C is a schematic view of another reaming according to the fourth
embodiment, and FIG. 14D is a schematic view of another positioning
aid, another enlargement drill and another positioning cap
according to the fourth embodiment. It can be realized that the
shape of the positioning aid 2 may be a circle cuboid. The flange
portion 53 shown in FIG. 14D are smaller than the flange portion 53
shown in FIG. 14B. Please referring to FIG. 14C and FIG. 14D and
comparing to FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the positioning aid 2 does not
have the groove 22, the positioning cap 5 does not have the
protruding portion 55, and the enlargement drill 8 does not have
the positioning elements 84 and the elastic ring 85. In some
embodiments, the flange portion 53 may be in the form of ring (not
shown).
[0106] Please refer to FIG. 14F. FIG. 14F is a schematic view of
the other aspect of the reaming according to the forth embodiment.
Comparing FIG. 14E and the FIG. 14F, FIG. 14F further has a shield
811 which is disposed on the cutting portion 81. In some
embodiments, the shield 811 is circular and includes a concave
side, a convex side opposite to the concave side and a hole for
passing through the shank portion 82. The concave side faces the
cutting portion 81. The shield 811 is used to prevent the cutting
portion 81 from damaging the positioning cap 5. Additionally, a
receiving space is formed between the shield 811 and the cutting
portion 81 to collect bone chips when drilling. In one embodiment,
the shield 811 extends a prop to be against the cutting portion 81
for preventing the shield 811 from being cut by the cutting portion
81. In one embodiment, the cutting portion 81 extends a prop to be
against the shield 811 for preventing the shield 811 from being cut
by the cutting portion 81. Here, the shield 811 also can be used
for the guide drill 9 to be disposed on the cutting portion 91 of
the guide drill 9.
[0107] Please refer to FIG. 12. FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the
guide drill according to the third embodiment. Before using the
enlargement drill 8, the guide drill 9 may be used to pass through
the positioning hole 21 of the positioning aid 2 to ream the upper
end of the guide hole 15. The guide drill 9 has the cutting portion
91 and the shank portion 92 the same as those of the enlargement
drill 8, and has the cylindrical portion 93 extending from the top
of the cutting portion 91. The top of the cylindrical portion 93 is
flat. Thus, after the cylindrical portion 93 is placed in advance
into the guide hole 15 drilled in Step S180, the cutting portion 91
reams downwards the upper end of the guide hole 15. Here, as in the
manner in which the enlargement drill 8 cooperates with the
positioning cap 5, a shank head portion 921 of the guide drill 9 is
placed in the tube portion 51 of the positioning cap 5.
[0108] Next, the enlargement drill 8 is used to continue to perform
reaming downwards according to the part reamed by the guide drill
9, so as to ream the guide hole 15 more steadily and more
accurately to form the implant hole 19.
[0109] In some embodiments, the guide drill 9 does not have the
shank head portion 921, and the shank portion 92 is directly
connected to the cutting portion 91. Accordingly, when the shank
portion 92 passes through the positioning cap 5, a part of the
cutting portion 91 is in the tube portion 51. In some embodiment,
please refer to FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B, schematic views of another
aspect of the positioning cap according to the fourth embodiment.
The positioning cap 5 includes a screw hole 57 disposed at an upper
end of the positioning cap 5, so that a screw 58 passes through the
screw hole 57, and is connected to a screw hole 822 of the
enlargement drill 8, thereby fixing the positioning cap 5 on the
enlargement drill 8. In addition, the screw 58 protrudes from an
outside of the positioning cap 5 to exert the function of the
flange portion 53. Additionally, the screw hole 822 may be at any
location on the enlargement drill 8, and is not limited to be at
the shank head portion 821.
[0110] Here, the initial drill 7 in FIG. 10A does not have the
shank head portion. In some embodiments, the initial drill 7 have
the shank head portion like the enlargement drill 8 or the guide
drill 9.
[0111] Here, the positioning cap 5 may not have the flange portion
53 or the protruding portion 55 shown in FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, and
the inner wall of the positioning aid 2 is not required to have the
groove 22 corresponding to the protruding portion 55 either. In
addition, the positioning cap 5 is fixed on the enlargement drill
8, and the screw 58 provides a function of a drilling stopping
point, so that no additional positioning element 84 is required to
be disposed on the enlargement drill 8.
[0112] The above-mentioned positioning sleeve 3, the
above-mentioned reaming sleeve 4 and the above-mentioned
positioning cap 5 belong to sliders, each of which having a guiding
hole. In other words, the sliders include but not limited to the
positioning sleeve 3, the reaming sleeve 4 and the positioning cap
5. In addition, the above-mentioned initial drill 7, the
above-mentioned enlargement drill 8 and the above-mentioned guide
drill 9 belong to drills. In other words, the drills include but
not limited to the initial drill 7, the enlargement drill 8 and the
guide drill 9. The drill also can be a trephine bur.
[0113] In view of the above, the tooth implant surgery can be
completed precisely. After the tooth implant surgery, the implanted
tooth of the patient can be molded after the surgery for comparison
with the positioning stent 6 to evaluate whether the expectation of
the surgery is met.
[0114] Please refer to FIG. 16, a flowchart according to a fifth
embodiment. The disclosure provides a dental positioning stent and
a manufacturing method thereof to take a tooth tomography scanning
slice image, and the manufacturing method includes the following
steps.
[0115] In Step S210, a tooth mold 1 is manufactured according to
teeth in a mouth. The tooth mold 1 includes a dental crown portion
16 and a gum portion 17. Here, in the first embodiment, the tooth
mold 1 is manufactured according to teeth of the patient to which
the false tooth is mounted, but this embodiment is not limited
thereto, and is applicable to any demand to take a tomography image
of a specific section.
[0116] In Step S220, a preset slice plane of the tooth mold 1 is
selected. Here, a slice plane of a specific slice image to be
acquired is selected.
[0117] In Step S230, two markers 61 are fixed in the preset slice
plane on two sides of the tooth mold 1. The markers 61 cannot be
penetrated by an X-ray.
[0118] Here, please refer to FIG. 17, FIG. 17 is a sectional view
of the preset slice plane according to the fifth embodiment. The
markers 61 may be U-shaped metal objects with openings opposite
each other. One end of the marker 61 is connected to the dental
crown portion 16 of the tooth mold 1, and the other end of the
marker 61 is connected to the gum portion 17 of the tooth mold 1,
but shapes of the markers 61 are not limited thereto. Thus, the
preset slice plane is marked. Only when the two markers 61 are both
included in a tomography image, can the tomography image be a
tomography image of the preset slice plane.
[0119] However, the two markers 61 may also be, as stated in the
first embodiment, replaced by a marking object, which is located on
one side of the tooth mold 1 and the false tooth model 12, and the
marking object has a recognizable profile, for example a geometric
profile, in the section of the preset slice plane.
[0120] In Step S240, a shaping agent 62 is used to cover the
markers 61 and a part of the tooth mold 1 surrounding the markers
61, thereby forming a positioning stent 6. The shaping agent 62
includes a resin polymer and a developer.
[0121] Here, the developer may be barium sulfate. Both the resin
polymer and gum tissue can be penetrated by X-ray, so that the
resin polymer and gum tissue are not shown in a tomography image.
Therefore, the developer is mixed in the positioning stent 6, so as
to identify boundaries between the positioning stent 6 and the gum
tissue. Before Step S240, the method further includes: coating a
separating agent around the preset slice plane of the tooth mold 1.
After Step S240, the method may further include: after the shaping
agent 62 is cured, taking the positioning stent 6 off the tooth
mold 1.
[0122] Thus, for a patient, when the tooth tomography scanning is
performed, the positioning stent 6 is placed in the mouth of the
patient.
[0123] With the aforementioned steps, a dentist can mark the tooth
slice plane on the tomography image, so as to make the slice image
more accurate and reliable.
[0124] FIG. 18 is a flowchart according to a sixth embodiment. FIG.
19 is a first schematic view according to the sixth embodiment, and
FIG. 20 is a second schematic view according to the sixth
embodiment. FIG. 21 is an analog implant conveyor 63 according to
the sixth embodiment. Please refer to FIG. 18, FIG. 19, and FIG.
20, similar to Step S281, Step S382, or Step S482, the tooth mold 1
is used to replace the gum 1', and the implant hole 19 is drilled
from the tooth mold 1. The disclosure provides a using method of
the dental positioning stent, which is used to aid manufacturing of
an abutment tooth 65. A shape of the positioning stent 6
corresponds to the tooth mold 1, and the positioning stent 6 has a
false tooth space 66 corresponding to a shape of a false tooth. The
using method includes the following steps.
[0125] In Step S310, an analog implant 64 is mounted in the implant
hole 19 of the tooth mold 1. In some embodiments, the analog
implant conveyor 63 shown in FIG. 21 may be locked to the analog
implant 64 to replace the enlargement drill 8 shown in FIG. 11A,
FIG. 13A, FIG. 14A, or FIG. 15A, so as to put the analog implant 64
in the implant hole 19 with the aid of the positioning stent 6.
[0126] Here, a diameter of the analog implant 64 is the same as
that of the implant 14 preset to be mounted. After the analog
implant 64 is placed in the implant hole 19, an upper end of the
analog implant 64 is substantially located at a location
corresponding to common boundaries of the actual gum and the actual
alveolar bone 11. In order to determine an implant depth of the
analog implant 64, the analog implant conveyor 63 has calibrations
631 corresponding to depths. In addition, another function of the
calibrations 631 is for recognition of a rotation direction of the
analog implant 64. Similarly, the calibrations 631 are also
conducive to orientation of the abutment tooth 65 and the implant
14 in tooth implant surgery, so as to aid locking of the abutment
tooth 65 and the implant 14.
[0127] In Step S320, the positioning stent 6 is put on the tooth
mold 1. In some embodiments, the positioning stent 6 may be
replaced with the positioning stent 6 manufactured in Step S140 or
Step S240, or the false tooth coat.
[0128] In Step S330, a part of the tooth mold 1 is removed
according to inner edge boundaries of the positioning stent 6 and
the tooth mold 1 and an upper end periphery of the analog implant
64 to form a concave 18, so as to manufacture the abutment tooth 65
according to the concave 18 and the false tooth space 66.
[0129] Here, as shown in FIG. 20, through the embodiment and
according to a shape of the concave 18 and the false tooth space,
the abutment tooth 65 consistent with a gum of a patient is
customized. In addition, before the tooth implant surgery is
performed on the patient, the abutment tooth 65 and a false tooth
corresponding to the abutment tooth 65 may be manufactured in
advance. After the tooth implant surgery is completed, the patient
can wear the abutment tooth 65 and the false tooth instantly, which
is different from a conventional tooth implant process, in which
after the implant 14 is implanted, the abutment tooth 65 and the
false tooth are manufactured by repeated molding and cannot be worn
until the wound heals.
[0130] In view of the above, the disclosure provides the dental
positioning stent, and the manufacturing method, the using method,
and the components for the same, which can actually aid the tooth
implant positioning, drill and ream the implant hole accordingly in
a reliable manner, aid the taking of the tomography image, and aid
the dentist to evaluate the tooth implant surgery according to the
tomography image and the tooth mold. Here, the components used in
the dental positioning stent include the positioning aid 2, the
positioning sleeve 3, the reaming sleeve 4, the positioning cap 5,
the initial drill 7, the enlargement drill 8, the guide drill 9 or
the shield 811.
[0131] While the disclosure has been described by the way of
example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is to be
understood that the disclosure need not be limited to the disclosed
embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various
modifications and similar arrangements included within the spirit
and scope of the appended claims, the scope of which should be
accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such
modifications and similar structures.
* * * * *