U.S. patent application number 13/877622 was filed with the patent office on 2013-08-15 for floodgate.
This patent application is currently assigned to PARAFOIL DESIGN & ENGINEERING PTE LTD. The applicant listed for this patent is Jwee Thiam Quek. Invention is credited to Jwee Thiam Quek.
Application Number | 20130209173 13/877622 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45927979 |
Filed Date | 2013-08-15 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130209173 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Quek; Jwee Thiam |
August 15, 2013 |
FLOODGATE
Abstract
A floodgate is disclosed. The floodgate comprises a panel
configured to be movable between an opened position and a closed
position wherein in the opened position, the panel forms a barrier
against flood water; and at least one gas strut configured to move
the panel from the closed position to the opened position.
Inventors: |
Quek; Jwee Thiam; (YS-One,
SG) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Quek; Jwee Thiam |
YS-One |
|
SG |
|
|
Assignee: |
PARAFOIL DESIGN & ENGINEERING
PTE LTD
YS-One
SG
|
Family ID: |
45927979 |
Appl. No.: |
13/877622 |
Filed: |
October 4, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
October 4, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/SG2010/000376 |
371 Date: |
April 3, 2013 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
405/87 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05F 15/53 20150115;
E04H 9/145 20130101; E02B 7/54 20130101; E02B 7/20 20130101; E05Y
2201/654 20130101; E06B 2009/007 20130101; E05F 15/627 20150115;
Y02A 50/00 20180101 |
Class at
Publication: |
405/87 |
International
Class: |
E02B 7/54 20060101
E02B007/54; E02B 7/20 20060101 E02B007/20 |
Claims
1. A floodgate comprising: a panel configured to be movable between
an opened position and a closed position wherein in the opened
position, the panel forms a barrier against flood water; and at
least one extendable member configured to move the panel from the
closed position to the opened position wherein the extendable
member is a gas strut.
2. The floodgate according to claim 1, wherein each extendable
member comprises a dampening mechanism configured to reduce the
rate at which the extendable member moves the panel from a
predetermined position to the closed position.
3. The floodgate according to claim 2, wherein the reduction in the
rate at which the extendable member moves the panel is
adjustable.
4. The floodgate according to claim 1, wherein each extendable
member is arranged with the panel such that when the panel is in
the closed position, a first end of the extendable member lies
substantially directly below an end of the panel and a second end
of the extendable member opposite the first end lies directly below
a point two-thirds of a length of the panel from the end of the
panel.
5. The floodgate according to claim 1, further comprising a
plurality of hinges attached to the panel and a plurality of
brackets attached to the gas struts, the hinges and brackets being
maintained in a constant relative positional relationship by a
frame, each hinge and bracket being arranged with the panel such
that when the panel moves, a weight of the panel exerted on the
hinge is at least partially balanced by an opposing force exerted
by the bracket.
6. The floodgate according to claim 1, further comprising at least
one locking member configured to be switchable between a locked
state and an unlocked state such that when the at least one locking
member is in the locked state, the at least one locking member
locks the panel in the closed position and when the at least one
locking member is in the unlocked state, the panel moves from the
closed position to the opened position.
7. The floodgate according to claim 1, further comprising at least
one rotatable drive arranged with the panel such that rotation of
the at least one rotatable drive moves the panel from the opened
position to the closed position.
8. The floodgate according to claim 6, further comprising at least
one rotatable drive arranged with the panel such that rotation of
the at least one rotatable drive moves the panel from the opened
position to the closed position, wherein each locking member is
integrally formed with one of the at least one rotatable drive.
9. The floodgate according to claim 7 wherein each rotatable drive
further comprises a brake configured to exert a force against the
rotation of the rotatable drive when a speed of the rotation
exceeds a predetermined threshold.
10. The floodgate according to claim 1, further comprising a base
frame arranged to hold the panel and a seal arranged to press
against the base frame when the panel is in the opened position to
form a continuous barrier with the panel against floodwater.
11. The floodgate according to claim 1, wherein the panel is
configured to withstand a weight of an automobile over the panel
when the panel is in the closed position.
12. The floodgate according to claim 7, wherein each rotatable
drive is configured to exert a force on the panel to move the panel
from the opened position to the closed position wherein the force
exerted by each rotatable drive at a point a distance away from a
first end of the panel is equal to the force exerted by a different
rotatable drive at a point the same distance away from a second end
of the panel opposite the first end.
13. A floodgate for installation in a location subject to flooding,
the floodgate comprising: a frame for installation at the location,
a panel connected to the frame by at least one hinge, and at least
one connection means for connecting a gas strut to the frame, the
frame being adapted to maintain the relative positions of the hinge
and connection means, whereby upon attachment of respective ends of
the at least one gas strut to the connection means and to the
panel, the frame prevents forces generated by the gas strut from
being transmitted to the location.
14. A floodgate comprising: a panel configured to be movable
between an opened position and a closed position about a hinge
axis, and a plurality of sealing elements provided at edges of the
panels which are opposite with respect to the direction of the
hinge axis, the sealing elements extending along the edges of the
panel, whereby upon locating the panel in the opened position with
the edges of the panel in sealing contact with respective other
objects, the sealing elements provide respective watertight seals
against the other objects.
15. A floodgate system comprising; a plurality of floodgates
according to claim 1, wherein each floodgate further comprises a
plurality of sealing elements; and wherein at least one sealing
element of each floodgate is configured to overlap with a sealing
element of another floodgate such that a continuous barrier is
formed by the panels and the overlapping sealing elements.
16. A floodgate system comprising: a plurality of floodgates, each
floodgate comprising a panel configured to be movable between an
opened position and a closed position, and a plurality of sealing
elements; wherein at least one sealing element of each floodgate is
configured to overlap with a sealing element of another floodgate
such that a continuous barrier is formed by the panels and the
overlapping sealing elements.
17. The floodgate system according to claim 16, wherein each
floodgate comprises: a panel configured to be movable between an
opened position and a closed position wherein in the opened
position, the panel forms a barrier against flood water; and at
least one extendable member configured to move the panel from the
closed position to the opened position wherein the extendable
member is a gas strut.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a floodgate and a floodgate
system comprising a plurality of floodgates.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Hurricanes, typhoons, thunderstorms, tropical storms and
torrential rain often lead to an increase in the rate of rainfall,
an increase in the length of time the rainfall lasts and an
increase in the total amount of rainfall. Many infrastructure flood
control and land/mud slide prevention measures may not be effective
against such increased rainfall. Although this may be overcome
through infrastructure development (for example, infrastructure
development to improve drainage of excess water), such development
requires time and may not be sufficient or effective.
[0003] Floods caused by such increased rainfall often lead to a
huge amount of damages, losses, disruptions and inconveniences. For
example, a flood developed within an underground carpark due to an
excessive amount of water entering the carpark often results in the
damage of several cars. Furthermore, a flood developed within a
shopping mall may necessitate the temporary closure of several
shops, leading to monetary losses for these shops.
[0004] A floodgate (or flood barrier) serves as a quick and
effective measure against any potential damage caused by floods. In
particular, the floodgate acts as a barrier to prevent water from
getting into an infrastructure (for example, a building or an
underground carpark). This may serve as a temporary solution while
infrastructure development to improve the drainage system is being
carried out.
[0005] Most of the currently available floodgates are activated
either manually or with the use of electricity. Manually activated
floodgates often require at least one designated person to be on
site at all times. Otherwise, there is a risk that the floodgate
cannot be activated in time. For floodgates which are activated
using electricity, there is a risk that electrical supply may be
cut off during times of heavy rain, preventing these floodgates
from being activated. If the gap which is closed by the floodgate
is long, the designated person also has to install vertical posts
to support the panels. This may be time consuming and labour
intensive depending of the size of the area to be protected against
flood waters.
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 6,623,209 discloses a floodgate which can be
automatically activated without using electricity. This floodgate
works under the action of water pressure. In particular, during
times of increased rainfall, surface water enters a portal below a
panel of the floodgate and pivotingly buoys the panel upwards.
Singapore patent application 9800143-1 discloses a floodgate which
works using the same principles. Although these floodgates are
activated without using electricity, the portal below the panel of
the floodgate needs to be deep so that enough water can enter the
portal to generate a force sufficient to raise the panel. If the
panel is vehicular trafficable, the portal needs to be even deeper
since such a panel is usually heavier. The costs for such systems
are therefore high, as is the cost of the extensive construction
work required to install them.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention aims to provide new and useful
floodgates and floodgate systems comprising a plurality of
floodgates.
[0008] A first aspect of the present invention is a floodgate
comprising: a panel configured to be movable between an opened
position and a closed position, wherein in the opened position the
panel forms a barrier against flood water; and at least one
extendable member configured to move the panel from the closed
position to the opened position wherein the extendable member is a
gas strut.
[0009] A gas strut is a set of elongate members (usually two
members) which are relatively slidable (e.g. by a telescoping
motion) between a compressed configuration and an extended
configuration. The gas strut includes a trapped amount of gas which
is compressed in the compressed configuration and urges the gas
strut into the extended configuration. It is advantageous to use
gas struts to move the panel from the closed position to the opened
position in the floodgate. Unlike hydraulic pumps which require
motor pump oil and power supply, gas struts can be operated without
the use of electrical power supply. Furthermore, no external air
pump is required to operate a gas strut. This is advantageous over
pneumatic cylinders which require an external air compressor. In
highly humid areas, a large amount of condensate forms in a
pneumatic cylinder. The mixture of this condensate with lubrication
oil existing in the pneumatic cylinder can often damage the
cylinder. Furthermore, pneumatic cylinders employ paper gaskets
which may also be damaged by the condensate.
[0010] A second aspect of the invention is a floodgate comprising a
frame for installation at a chosen location (e.g. in a floor), a
panel connected to the frame by a hinge, and connection means (e.g.
a bracket) for connecting at least one gas strut to the frame for
opening the panel, whereby the gas strut acts on a movable portion
of the panel, and the frame maintains the relative positions of the
hinge and the connection means, thereby preventing transmission of
force generated by the gas strut to the location.
[0011] A third aspect of the present invention is a floodgate
comprising a panel configured to be movable between an opened
position and a closed position about a hinge axis, and a plurality
of sealing elements provided at edges of the panel which are
opposite each other with respect to the direction of the hinge axis
(i.e. spaced apart in the direction of the hinge axis), the sealing
elements extending along the edges of the panel, whereby upon
locating the panel in the opened position with the edges of the
panel in contact with respective other objects, the sealing
elements provide respective watertight seals against the other
objects.
[0012] Another expression of the third aspect of the invention is a
floodgate system comprising: a plurality of floodgates, each
floodgate comprising a panel configured to be movable between an
opened position and a closed position, and a plurality of sealing
elements; wherein at least one sealing element of each floodgate is
configured to overlap with a sealing element of another floodgate
such that a continuous barrier is formed by the panels and the
overlapping sealing elements.
[0013] In the floodgate system in the third aspect of the present
invention, due to the overlapping sealing elements which close the
gaps between the panels of the floodgates, a continuous barrier can
be formed. Hence, no additional barriers (e.g. vertical posts) are
required between the panels of the floodgates when the floodgate
system is activated and a faster setup time for the floodgate
system can be achieved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0014] An embodiment of the invention will now be illustrated for
the sake of example only with reference to the following drawings,
in which:
[0015] FIG. 1(a)-(b) illustrate perspective views of a floodgate
according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
[0016] FIGS. 2(a) -2(d) respectively illustrate a top view, side
view, front view and sectional view of the floodgate of FIG. 1.
[0017] FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the
floodgate of FIG. 1 when the floodgate of FIG. 1 is
deactivated;
[0018] FIG. 4 illustrates a magnified view of a first portion of
the cross-sectional side view of FIG. 3;
[0019] FIG. 5 illustrates a magnified view of a second portion of
the cross-sectional side view of FIG. 3;
[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the
floodgate of FIG. 1 when the floodgate of FIG. 1 is activated;
[0021] FIG. 7 illustrates a magnified view of a portion of the
cross-sectional side view of FIG. 6;
[0022] FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of a hinge and a
perspective view of a bracket arranged with a portion of a tubular
drive in the floodgate of FIG. 1;
[0023] FIG. 9(a) illustrates a cutaway perspective view of the
floodgate of FIG. 1 showing the arrangement between the hinge and
the bracket of FIG. 8 whereas FIG. 9(b) illustrates a magnified
view of a portion of the perspective view of FIG. 9(a);
[0024] FIGS. 10(a) and (b) illustrate a second embodiment of the
invention;
[0025] FIG. 11 illustrates perspective views of a floodgate which
is a third embodiment of the invention;
[0026] FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the
floodgate of FIG. 11 when the floodgate of FIG. 11 is
deactivated;
[0027] FIG. 13 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the
floodgate of FIG. 11 when the floodgate of FIG. 11 is
activated;
[0028] FIGS. 14(a) and 14(b) illustrate perspective views of a
floodgate system 1300 comprising a plurality of floodgates arranged
along a straight line;
[0029] FIG. 15(a) illustrates a cross-sectional view of a part of
the floodgate system of FIGS. 14(a) and 14(b) whereas FIG. 15(b)
illustrates magnified views of parts of the cross-sectional view of
FIG. 15(a);
[0030] FIGS. 16(a) and 16(b) illustrate perspective views of a
floodgate system comprising a plurality of floodgates arranged in a
U-shaped manner;
[0031] FIGS. 17(a) and 17(b) illustrate perspective views of a
floodgate system comprising a plurality of floodgates arranged in a
faceted manner.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates perspective views of a floodgate 100
according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(a)
illustrates the floodgate 100 when the floodgate 100 is activated
whereas FIG. 1(b) illustrates the floodgate 100 when the floodgate
100 is deactivated. FIGS. 2(a) -2(d) respectively illustrate a top
view, side view, front view and a sectional view of the floodgate
100 when the floodgate 100 is activated. The sectional view of FIG.
2(d) is in the plane marked A-A in FIG. 2(c). The floodgate 100 is
also referred to as an Automatic Flood Barrier System (AFBS).
[0033] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floodgate 100 comprises a
panel 102 and a plurality of extendable members in the form of gas
struts 104, a plurality of rotatable drives in the form of tubular
drives 202 and a base frame 108 for holding the panel 102.
[0034] The panel 102 is configured to be movable about hinges 802
(described below) between an opened position and a closed position.
When the floodgate 100 is activated as shown in FIG. 1(a), the
panel 102 is in the opened position to form a barrier against
floodwater. When the floodgate 100 is deactivated as shown in FIG.
1(b), the panel 102 is locked in the closed position and is human
and vehicular trafficable. In other words, the panel 102 is
configured to withstand a weight of expected traffic over it when
it is in the closed position. This traffic may be from pedestrians
and/or automobiles. In fact, for installation in a road, the panel
must be able to bear the weight of the heaviest vehicle which is
likely to pass along the road (e.g. an articulated lorry), which
implies being able to bear at least one metric ton, and preferably
significantly more, such as at least 5 metric tons or at least 10
metric tons.
[0035] Each gas strut 104 is configured to move the panel 102 from
the closed position to the opened position. Each gas strut 104
comprises a first portion in the form of a piston and a second
portion in the form of a cylinder. The cylinder is filled with gas
(for example, nitrogen gas) and the piston is movable within the
cylinder. The length of each gas strut 104 is variable between a
minimum length and a maximum length via the movement of the piston
within the cylinder. When the panel 102 is locked in the closed
position i.e. when the floodgate 100 is deactivated, each gas strut
104 is at the minimum length and the gas in the cylinder of each
gas strut 104 is pressurized. This pressure results in a force
exerted against the locked panel 102.
[0036] When the floodgate 100 is activated, the panel 102 is
unlocked and the force exerted against the panel 102 by each gas
strut 104 pushes against the panel 102, moving the panel 102 to the
opened position as shown in FIG. 1(a). The tubular drive 202 is
configured to rotate freely with this movement of the panel 102.
The required magnitude of the force exerted by each gas strut 104
on the panel 102, and thus the required pressure of the gas in the
cylinder of each gas strut 104 when the panel 102 is in the closed
position, depends on the weight of the panel 102. Although a
stronger panel 102 can withstand a higher weight of traffic over it
and a higher force from the floodwater against it, a stronger panel
102 is usually heavier and a greater force is usually required to
lift the panel 102 from the closed position to the opened position.
In one example, each gas strut 104 is selected such that the
combined force the gas struts 104 exert on the panel 102 is equal
to the expected force from the floodwater against the panel 102
during a typical flood. In one example, each gas strut 104 is a
Bansbach gas strut.
[0037] Each gas strut 104 further comprises a dampening mechanism.
This dampening mechanism is configured to reduce the rate at which
the gas strut 104 moves the panel 102 from a predetermined position
to the closed position whereby the predetermined position lies
between the closed position and the opened position. This cushions
and slows down the final opening of the panel 102. The reduction in
the rate at which the gas strut 104 moves the panel 102 is
adjustable. In one example, the dampening mechanism employs oil
dampening using a body of oil within the gas strut 104 which is
acted on as the gas strut 104 expands, and the reduction in the
rate of movement of the panel depends on the amount of oil employed
by the dampening mechanism. Alternatively, the dampening mechanism
may employ other types of dampening, for example torsion spring
dampening.
[0038] The tubular drives 202 are arranged with the panel 102 such
that the panel 102 moves with a rotation of the tubular drives 202
from the opened position to the closed position. In the
configuration shown the tubular drives 202 are mounted on the panel
102, and connected to the base frame 108 via ropes 312 (but
alternative arrangements are possible in which the tubular drives
202 are mounted to the base frame 108 and connected to the panel
102 via ropes) To deactivate the floodgate 100, the tubular drives
202 are turned on. This starts the rotation of the tubular drives
202 and a force is exerted on the panel 102 via ropes 312
(described below) against the force from the gas struts 104 to move
the panel 102 from the opened position to the closed position. Two
mechanical limit switches are present in each tubular drive 202.
Each of these switches can be calibrated independently using screws
on the tubular drive 202 and serve to stop the rotation of the
tubular drive 202 after the panel 102 has reached the opened or
closed position. In one example, each tubular drive 202 is a
weatherproof tubular drive which when turned on, has an average
internal rotational speed of about 2000 rpm, and an internal gear
mechanism to reduce this rotational speed, and thereby rotate an
external surface of the drive at a rotational speed of about 11
rpm, the external surface being coupled to a rope 312 for moving
the panel 102. The weight/force in which the tubular drive is able
to pull is between 120 kg to 500 kg.
[0039] Each tubular drive 202 also comprises a centrifugal brake.
The centrifugal brake is configured to exert a force against the
rotation of the tubular drive 202 when a speed of the rotation
exceeds a predetermined threshold. In one example, each tubular
drive 202 further comprises a tubular drive tube and the
centrifugal brake in each tubular drive 202 further comprises brake
pads extendable from a main body of the centrifugal brake. When the
speed of rotation of the tubular drive 202 exceeds the
predetermined threshold, the brake pads extend from the main body
of the centrifugal brake and exert an opposing frictional force
against a surface of the tubular drive tube. This slows down the
rotational speed of the tubular drive 202 and may even stop the
rotation of the tubular drive 202 completely. However, usually in a
split second of time after the rotational speed of the tubular
drive 202 decreases, the brake pads are retracted via resilient
elements attached between the brake pads and the main body of the
centrifugal brake. These resilient elements may be springs. This
removes the opposing frictional force exerted against the surface
of the tubular drive tube and the rotational speed of the tubular
drive 202 increases.
[0040] If the force exerted by the gas strut 104 on the panel 102
is too strong, the speed at which the panel 102 moves from the
closed position to the opened position may be too high and this
speed may continue increasing throughout the movement of the panel
102 due to the momentum of the movement. Such an abrupt opening of
the panel 102 may result in a toppling of the base frame 108 from
its installed position when the panel 102 reaches the opened
position. Similarly, an abrupt closing of the panel 102 may also
damage the floodgate 100. The presence of the centrifugal brake in
each tubular drive 202 is advantageous as this helps to limit the
speed of rotation of the tubular drive 202. This in turn limits the
speed at which the panel 102 moves due to the coupling between the
tubular drive 202 and the panel 102.
[0041] The floodgate 100 further comprises a plurality of locking
members whereby each locking member is integrally formed with a
tubular drive 202. Each locking member is configured to be
switchable between a locked state and an unlocked state. In the
locked state, the locking members lock the panel 102 in the closed
position whereas when the locking members are in the unlocked
state, the panel 102 moves from the closed position to the opened
position due to the force exerted by the gas struts 104. To
activate the floodgate 100, the locking members are deactivated
i.e. switched from the locked state to the unlocked state. In one
example, each locking member is an energized electromagnetic lock
(which may be a 24V DC electromagnet) and is deactivated by
disrupting the power supply to the locking member.
[0042] FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the
floodgate 100 when the floodgate 100 is deactivated i.e. when the
panel 102 is in the closed position. FIG. 4 illustrates a magnified
view of a first portion of the cross-sectional side view in FIG. 3
(see DETAIL A) whereas FIG. 5 illustrates a magnified view of a
second portion of the cross-sectional side view in FIG. 3 (see
DETAIL B).
[0043] As shown in FIGS. 3-5, the panel 102 comprises an extruded
aluminium sash frame 302, an intermediate layer 304 and an upper
layer 306. In one example, the combined weight of the sash frame
302, the intermediate layer 304 and the upper layer 306 is
approximately 200 to 250 kg per square meter.
[0044] The intermediate layer 304 is arranged between the sash
frame 302 and the upper layer 306. This intermediate layer 304
serves to strengthen the panel 102 such that the panel 102 is
strong enough to withstand the weight of expected traffic over it
when it is in the closed position and the force of floodwater
against it when it is in the opened position. In one example as
shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the intermediate layer 304 is filled with a
layer of grout comprising for example, sand and cement and a
galvanised wire mesh is integrated within the layer of grout.
Alternatively, the intermediate layer 304 may be filled with
aluminium plates, steel plates, mineral fibre insulation, sand
alone, cement alone, boards or concrete.
[0045] The upper layer 306 is finished with a material selected to
match the surface of the ground area around the panel 102 in the
closed position. This material may be tile or stone. This allows
the panel 102 to blend in with the surrounding ground surface 307.
Besides this aesthetic function, the upper layer 306 also serves as
a first layer of protection for the interior of the floodgate
100.
[0046] In one example, the sash frame 302 and the base frame 108
are made of Grade AA6063 T5 profiled aluminium extrusions of
appropriate thickness for structure steadfastness. These aluminium
extrusions are chamfered, welded and sand-smoothed. The welded
aluminium extrusions are powder coated using a non-metallic colour
to prevent corrosion. Hot dip galvanized steel may be added to
reinforce the aluminium extrusions.
[0047] As shown in FIGS. 3-5, the floodgate 100 also comprises
protective cover plates 308 to prevent water or any external object
from entering the interior of the floodgate 100 when the floodgate
100 is deactivated. The floodgate 100 further comprises a plurality
of seals 310a, 310b, 310c, 310d. When the floodgate 100 is
deactivated, these seals 310a-310d serve as additional barriers to
prevent water or any external object from entering the interior of
the floodgate 100. Preferably, these seals 310a-310d are EDPM
gaskets as EDPM gaskets are UV resistant and have a low sinkage
rate.
[0048] As shown in FIGS. 3-5, the floodgate 100 further comprises a
plurality of screws for example, self-tap screws 316 for holding
together different components of the floodgate 100. The floodgate
100 also comprises lifting handles (not shown in FIGS. 3-5) which
are recessed into the panel 102 allowing the panel 102 to be
manually lifted from the closed position to the opened position.
This is useful in the event that the gas strut 104 fails to
operate.
[0049] FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the
floodgate 100 when the floodgate 100 is activated i.e. when the
panel 102 is in the opened position. FIG. 7 illustrates a magnified
view of a portion of the cross-sectional side view in FIG. 6 (see
DETAIL C).
[0050] As shown in FIGS. 6-7, when the panel 102 is in the opened
position, the seal 310a presses against the base frame 108 to form
a continuous barrier with the panel 102 against floodwater.
Furthermore, the protective cover plates 308 are pressed against
the panel 102 to provide further protection against floodwater. The
floodgate 100 further comprises a plurality of sealing elements
(not shown in FIGS. 3-7) which are configured to fill gaps between
the panel 102 and surrounding walls or vertical posts such that a
continuous barrier against floodwater is formed by the sealing
elements and the panel 102 when the panel 102 is in the opened
position. These sealing elements are preferably EDPM gaskets as
EDPM gaskets are UV resistant and have a low sinkage rate.
[0051] As shown in FIGS. 3-7, each tubular drive 202 is coupled to
the panel 102, and connected to the base frame 108 via a rope 312
and a horseshoe saddle 314. The rope 312 may be a stainless steel
wire rope. One end of the rope 312 is coiled around the tubular
drive 202 whereas the other end of the rope 312 is connected to the
horseshoe saddle 314 which is in turn connected to the base frame
108. When the panel 102 moves from the closed position to the
opened position, the end of the rope 312 connected to the horseshoe
saddle 314 is pulled away from the tubular drive 202. Thus, the
rope 312 uncoils from the tubular drive 202, rotating the tubular
drive 202 with the movement of the panel 102. When the tubular
drive 202 is turned on, the tubular drive 202 rotates in a
direction coiling the rope 312 around itself. This pulls the
horseshoe saddle 314 (and thus, the panel 102) towards the tubular
drive 202, hence moving the panel 102 from the opened position to
the closed position. The horseshoe saddles 312 are covered by a
"piano lid flap" 109, which folds down into a horizontal
configuration in the closed position of the panel 102, but is
inclined in the open position of the panel 102 (as shown in FIG.
1(a)).
[0052] In one example as shown in FIGS. 1-2, the floodgate 100
comprises four tubular drives 202 and each tubular drive 202 is
configured to exert a force on the panel 102 to move the panel 102
from the opened position to the closed position. The force exerted
by each tubular drive 202 at a point a distance away from a first
end of the panel 102 is equal to the force exerted by a different
tubular drive 202 at a point the same distance away from a second
end of the panel 102 opposite the first end. This is achieved by
placing two ropes 312 through the panel 102. The ends of one of
these ropes 312 are coiled around the outer tubular drives 202
(i.e. tubular drives 202 nearer the edges of the panel 102) whereas
the ends of the other rope 312 are coiled around the inner tubular
drives 202.
[0053] The floodgate 100 further comprises a plurality of hinges
802 and brackets 804. FIG. 8(a) illustrates a perspective view of a
hinge 802, and FIG. 8(b) illustrates a perspective view of a
bracket 804 arranged with a portion of the gas strut 104. The hinge
802 includes an elongate hinge pin 803 having a central axis which
is the hinge axis of the hinge 802. The gas strut 104 is connected
to the bracket 804 by a pivot 805. FIG. 9(a) illustrates a cutaway
perspective view of the floodgate 100 showing the arrangement
between each hinge 802 and each bracket 804 whereas FIG. 9(b)
illustrates a magnified view of a portion of the perspective view
in FIG. 9(a) (see DETAIL C1). In one example, the hinge 802 is made
of chamfer-welded stainless steel to Grade SUS 304 or SUS 316.
[0054] As shown in FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b), the bracket 804 serves to
secure the gas strut 104 to the base frame 108. The bracket 804 is
further arranged with the hinge 802 in a unique manner which
reduces the amount of force required from the gas strut 104 to move
the panel 102 from the closed position to the opened position. This
is elaborated as follows.
[0055] When the panel 102 moves, the weight of the panel 102 is
supported not only by the gas struts 104 but also by the hinges
802. In other words, the weight of the panel 102 is distributed
between the gas struts 104 and the hinges 802. Hence, gas struts
104 which are not strong enough on their own to bear the weight
load of the panel 102 can be used and no additional hand-lifting
force is required before the combined force from the gas struts 104
is sufficient to move the panel 102. Since the force required from
each gas strut 104 is lower, the minimum angle between each gas
strut 104 and the panel 102 can be reduced (i.e. the component of
the length direction of the gas strut 104 which lies in the
direction perpendicular to the panel--which is proportional to the
component of the force exerted by the gas strut which acts to
rotate the panel about the hinge--can be reduced) compared to a
situation in which the gas strut 104 bears the whole weight of the
panel 102. In other words, the vertical distance which the fixed
end of the gas strut 104 lies beneath the axis of the hinge 802 is
reduced. Thus, the depth of the floodgate 100 required for holding
the entire gas strut 104 can be reduced. This in turn means that
the ground need not be evacuated too deeply to install the
floodgate 100.
[0056] Note that the expansive force which the gas strut 104
generates decreases with an increasing length of the gas strut 104.
Due to the reduced angle between the gas strut 104 and the panel
102 when the panel 102 is in the closed position, the length of the
gas strut 104 when the panel 102 is in the opened position is
reduced. This allows a greater force to be exerted on the panel 102
against the impact of floodwater when the panel 102 is in the
opened position.
[0057] Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b), each hinge 802
and bracket 804 are arranged such that they act against each other.
Since the bracket 804 and hinge 802 are connected via the base
frame 108 and maintained in a constant positional relationship,
much less force is transmitted to the ground than would be the case
if the bracket 804 and hinge 802 were individually fixed to the
ground. Furthermore, when the panel 102 moves, the force the panel
102 exerts on the hinge 802 and is to some extent balanced by an
opposing force exerted by the bracket 804. This buffers the base
frame 108 from the weight of the panel 102 when the panel 102 is
moving. Thus, the base frame 108 simply needs to support the dead
load of the panel 102 as if the panel 102 were stationary (either
in the opened or closed position) and not the dynamic load of the
panel 102 when the panel 102 is moving.
[0058] In one example, for a panel 102 of weight 350 kg, without
the hinge 802 and bracket 804 assembly, the gas strut 104 would
need to exert a force of 1500 kg to move the panel 102 from the
closed position to the opened position and a depth of more than 300
mm below the hinge point is required to hold the gas strut 104.
However, with the hinge 802 and bracket 804 assembly, a force of
only 750 kg and a depth of only approximately 150 mm is
required.
[0059] In one example, each gas strut 104 is arranged with the
panel 102 such that when the panel 102 is in the closed position, a
first end of the gas strut 104 lies substantially directly below an
end of the panel 102 and a second end of the gas strut 104 opposite
the first end lies directly below a point on the panel 102 which is
two-thirds of the length of the panel 102 from the end of the panel
102. This arrangement is advantageous as the weight of the panel
102 can contribute substantially to the total force against the gas
strut 104 to move the panel 102 from the opened position to the
closed position. However, even in this arrangement, due to the
above-mentioned hinge 802 and bracket 804 assembly, the gas strut
104 is still able to exert a sufficient force to move the panel 102
from the closed position to the opened position without increasing
the angle between the gas strut 104 and the panel 102 when the
panel 102 is in the closed position A further advantage of using
the weight of the panel 102 ton contribute to the force against the
gas struts 104 is that the pulling force and/or load the tubular
drive 202 needs to lift/pull is much lesser than the total force
generated by the gas struts 104, and does not need to match the
total force of the gas struts 104.
[0060] The floodgate 100 is installed into the ground area as shown
in FIGS. 3-7. The ground area may be in front of an aperture,
opening or doorway of a premise to be protected against floods. The
floodgate 100 is arranged with the aperture, opening or doorway
such that the panel 102 is perpendicular to the aperture, opening
or doorway when it is in the closed position. In this way, when the
panel 102 is in its opened position, it forms a bather blocking the
aperture, opening or doorway of the premise to be protected. In
other words, the panel 102 adopts the position of a single or
double leaf door against intruding floodwater.
[0061] To install the floodgate 100, a part of the ground area is
first evacuated (or hacked) to create a sufficient depth for the
floodgate 100 such that the upper layer 306 of the panel 102 is
level with the surface of the surrounding ground area after the
floodgate 100 is installed. As shown in FIGS. 3-7, grout 318 is
placed between the floodgate 100 and the surrounding ground area
320. This provides support for the base frame 108 of the floodgate
100 so as to minimize the sinking of the floodgate 100 into the
ground over time. Furthermore, a plurality of anchors 322 are used
to anchor the floodgate 100 to the grout 318 and the surrounding
ground area 320. In one example, the grout 318 comprises make-up
cement grout.
[0062] When the floodgate 100 is activated and the panel 102 is in
its opened position, a brace for example, a steel cross brace may
be manually propped against the panel 102 to increase the
resistance of the panel 102 against the hydrostatic and
hydrodynamic forces caused by the impact of floodwater or other
objects (for example, load in the debris carried by the
floodwater).
[0063] The floodgate 100 is configured such that it is activated in
response to a signal from a sensor for sensing an imminent flood
and deactivated using a key switch control or a reset button at a
control panel. The sensor may work by detecting the level of water
above the ground in which the floodgate 100 is installed.
Alternatively, the floodgate 100 may be manually activated by
deactivating the locking members using a key switch control or a
push button. The floodgate 100 may also be activated by manually
lifting the panel 102 against the force exerted by the locking
members.
[0064] The floodgate 100 is coupled to a battery backup system (for
example a UPS system). This serves to provide backup power to the
floodgate 100 in the event of a power failure (failure of the mains
in-coming power supply) which may deactivate the locking members
causing the panel 102 to move from the closed position to the
opened position even in the absence of an imminent flood. The
battery backup system may be selected to provide backup power for 1
hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours or any other number of hours
depending on the user's requirements. The locking members are
configured such that in the event that the floodgate 100 is
activated when the battery backup system is being used, the locking
members will still be deactivated. The floodgate system 100 may be
further coupled to a drainage system to drain any water that enters
the interior of the floodgate 100.
[0065] FIG. 10(a) and (b) are views of a floodgate 100b which is a
variation of the floodgate 100, and which is a second embodiment of
the invention. FIG. 10(a) illustrates the floodgate 100b when the
floodgate 100b is activated, whereas FIG. 10(b) illustrates the
floodgate 100b when the floodgate 100b is deactivated. The
floodgate 100b has a construction very similar to the floodgate
100, so like elements are given the same reference numerals. In
contrast to the floodgate 100, the floodgate 100b has a steel frame
503 supporting a steel plate 501, on which are formed a wire mesh
505 and a top layer 507 which may be concrete, tile or stone. The
steel plate 501 and frame 503 give the floodgate 100b additional
strength to support a vehicle passing over the floodgate 100b when
the floodgate 100b is deactivated.
[0066] FIG. 11 illustrates perspective views of a floodgate 1000
which is another variation of the floodgate 100 and which is a
third embodiment of the invention. FIG. 11(a) illustrates the
floodgate 1000 when the floodgate 1000 is activated whereas FIG.
11(b) illustrates the floodgate 1000 when the floodgate 1000 is
deactivated. FIGS. 12 and 13 respectively illustrate a
cross-sectional side view of the floodgate 1000 when the floodgate
1000 is deactivated and a cross-sectional side view of the
floodgate 1000 when the floodgate 1000 is activated. The floodgate
1000 is similar to the floodgate 100 and thus, the same parts will
have the same reference numerals with the addition of prime.
[0067] The floodgate 1000 works in the same manner as the
floodgates 100, 100b. However, unlike the floodgates 100, 100b
which comprise a plurality of tubular drives 202, each with an
integrated locking member, the floodgate 1000 comprises a plurality
of stand-alone locking members in the form of electromagnetic locks
1102 (see FIGS. 12 and 13). Each electromagnetic lock 1102
comprises a first part in the form of an armature plate 1102b and a
second part in the form of a magnetic coil 1102a. Each
electromagnetic lock 1102 serves the same function as the
electromagnetic lock integrated with each tubular drive 202 in the
floodgate 100. Similarly, each electromagnetic lock 1102 is
configured to be switchable between a locked state and an unlocked
state such that when the electromagnetic locks 1102 are in the
locked state, the electromagnetic locks 1102 lock the panel 102' in
the closed position and when the electromagnetic locks 1102 are in
the unlocked state, the panel 102' moves from the closed position
to the opened position. For each electromagnetic lock 1102, the
armature plate 1102b and the magnetic coil 1102a press against each
other in the locked state (as shown in FIG. 12) whereas the
magnetic coil 1102a and the armature plate 1102b are separated from
each other in the unlocked state (as shown in FIG. 13).
[0068] To deactivate the floodgate 1000, the panel 102' is moved
from the opened position to the closed position manually. This is
performed by exerting a force on the panel 102' against the force
from the gas struts 104'. Even though the floodgate 1000 does not
comprise tubular drives with centrifugal brakes, the speed at which
the panel 102' moves from the closed position to the opened
position is still controlled due to the dampening mechanism in the
gas strut 104' similar to that in the gas strut 104 as mentioned
above.
[0069] As shown in FIGS. 12-13, the floodgate 1000 is installed in
the same manner as the floodgate 100 described above. Furthermore,
when the floodgate 1000 is activated and the panel 102' is in its
opened position, a brace for example, a steel cross brace may be
manually propped against the panel 102'. The floodgate 1000 is also
configured such that it is activated in the same way as the
floodgates 100 and 100b and is also coupled to a battery backup
system.
[0070] The following describes an example process of manually
activating the floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 and an example process
of automatically activating the floodgate 100, 100b or 1000.
Example Process of Manually Activating the Floodgate 100, 100b or
1000
[0071] The floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 is normally deactivated with
the panel 102 or 102' locked in the closed position. In this
example, the floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 is coupled to a manual
control unit such as a key switch control or a push button and
needs to be manually activated using this manual control unit.
[0072] Upon activation of the manual control unit by for example
turning the key switch control or pressing the push button, an
audio and visual alarm system is activated to broadcast a warning
that the floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 is about to be activated. A
voice sounder will continuously broadcast a pre-recorded message
while a beacon continuously flashes. After a predetermined amount
of time from the activation of the manual control unit, the power
supply to the locking members in the floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 is
disrupted, thus unlocking the panel 102 or 102'. The force exerted
by the gas strut 104 or 104' then moves the panel 102 or 102' from
the closed position to the opened position at a controlled
speed.
Example Process of Automatically Activating the Floodgates 100,
100b, 1000
[0073] The floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 is normally deactivated with
the panel 102 or 102' locked in the closed position. In this
example, the floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 is coupled to one or more
conductive level controllers which serve to detect the level of
water around the premise to be protected.
[0074] When the level of water reaches a first threshold, an audio
and visual alarm is activated to provide a warning that a flood may
occur. A voice sound continuously broadcasts a pre-recorded message
while a beacon continuously flashes.
[0075] If the level of water then subsides below the first
threshold, the audio and visual warning is discontinued after a
predetermined period of time. In this example, a pre-set timer
control is used to prevent intermittent activation and deactivation
of the audio and visual warning.
[0076] If the level of water continues to rise and reaches a second
threshold, the floodgate 100, 100b or 1000 is activated by for
example, disrupting the power supply to the locking members of the
floodgate 100, 100b or 1000, hence unlocking the panel 102 or 102'.
The force exerted by the respective gas struts 104 or 104' then
moves the panel 102 or 102' from the closed position to the opened
position at a controlled speed. If the level of water reaches a
second threshold, a second pre-recorded message is activated to
warn of impending opening of the floodgate. After a pre-determined
time, the floodgate opens.
[0077] FIGS. 14-17 illustrate floodgate systems with each floodgate
system comprising a plurality of floodgates (floodgates 100 and/or
floodgates 100b, and/or floodgates 1000) in a different
configuration.
[0078] FIGS. 14(a) and 14(b) illustrate perspective views of a
floodgate system 1300 comprising a plurality of floodgates
1000a-1000e arranged along a straight line. FIG. 14(a) illustrates
the floodgate system 1300 when the floodgate system 1300 is
deactivated whereas FIG. 14(b) illustrates the floodgate system
1300 when the floodgate system 1300 is activated.
[0079] FIG. 15(a) illustrates a cross-sectional view of a part of
the floodgate system 1300 whereas FIG. 15(b) illustrates magnified
views of parts of the cross-sectional view in FIG. 15(a) (see
DETAIL D, DETAIL E, DETAIL F). Similar to the floodgate 100, each
floodgate 1000 also comprises a plurality of sealing elements. In
the floodgate system 1300, at least one sealing element of each
floodgate 1000a-1000e is configured to overlap with a sealing
element of another floodgate 1000a-1000e such that a continuous
barrier is formed by the panels of the floodgates 1000a-1000e and
the overlapping sealing elements. In other words, gaps between the
panels of the floodgates 1000a-1000e are closed by the overlapping
sealing elements to form a continuous barrier. An example of this
is shown in FIG. 15(b) whereby the sealing element 1402e1 of the
floodgate 1000e overlaps with the sealing element 1402d2 of the
floodgate 1000d. Furthermore, the sealing element 1402e2 of the
floodgate 1000e is configured to press against a wall or a vertical
post to form a continuous barrier with the panel of the floodgate
1000e when the floodgate system 1300 is activated. Spaces such as
1401, 1403 provide internal drainage.
[0080] FIGS. 16(a) and 16(b) illustrate perspective views of a
floodgate system 1500 comprising a plurality of floodgates
1000f-1000j arranged in a U-shaped manner. FIG. 16(a) illustrates
the floodgate system 1500 when the floodgate system 1500 is
activated whereas FIG. 16(b) illustrates the floodgate system 1500
when the floodgate system 1500 is deactivated. In the floodgate
system 1500, floodgates 1000g, 1000h and 1000i are arranged along a
straight line whereas floodgates 1000f and 1000j lie perpendicular
to the straight line on opposite sides of the straight line.
Similarly, in the floodgate system 1500, at least one sealing
element of each floodgate 1000f-1000j is configured to overlap with
a sealing element of another floodgate 1000f-1000j such that a
continuous barrier is formed by the panels of the floodgates
1000f-1000j and the overlapping sealing elements.
[0081] FIGS. 17(a) and 17(b) illustrate perspective views of a
floodgate system 1600 comprising a plurality of floodgates
1000k-1000o arranged in a faceted manner. FIG. 17(a) illustrates
the floodgate system 1600 when the floodgate system 1600 is
deactivated whereas FIG. 17(b) illustrates the floodgate system
1600 when the floodgate system 1600 is activated. In the floodgate
system 1600, floodgates 1000k-1000o are arranged in a faceted
manner with an angle between each pair of floodgates 1000k-1000o
being the same. Similarly, in the floodgate system 1600, at least
one sealing element of each floodgate 1000k-1000o is configured to
overlap with a sealing element of another floodgate 1000k-1000o
such that a continuous barrier is formed by the panels of the
floodgates 1000k-1000o and the overlapping sealing elements.
[0082] The advantages of the floodgates 100, 100b, 1000 in the
embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
[0083] The floodgates 100, 100b, 1000 in the embodiments of the
present invention are activated without using electrical power
supply. To activate these floodgates 100, 100b, 1000, it is only
necessary to deactivate the locking members in each of these
floodgates (i.e. the electromagnetic locks integrated with the
tubular drives 202 in the floodgate 100, 100b or the
electromagnetic locks 1102 in the floodgate 1000). The panels 102,
102' in these floodgates 100,100b, 1000 will then be moved from the
closed position to the opened position by the force exerted by the
respective gas struts 104, 104'.
[0084] In the floodgates 100, 100b, 1000, gas struts 104, 104' are
used for moving the panel 102, 102' from the closed position to the
opened position. Unlike hydraulic pumps which require motor pump
oil and power supply, gas struts can be operated without the use of
electrical power supply. Furthermore, no external air pump is
required to operate a gas strut. This is advantageous over
pneumatic cylinders which require an external air compressor. In
highly humid areas, a large amount of condensate forms in a
pneumatic cylinder. The mixture of this condensate with lubrication
oil existing in the pneumatic cylinder can often damage the
cylinder. Furthermore, pneumatic cylinders employ paper gaskets
which may also be damaged by the condensate.
[0085] In floodgates 100, 100b, 1000, each gas strut 104, 104'
comprises a dampening mechanism which is configured to reduce the
rate at which the panel 102, 102' is moved from a predetermined
position to the closed position. Thus, the gas struts 104, 104' are
able to move the panel 102, 102' gradually but forcefully.
Furthermore, in the floodgates 100, 100b, a centrifugal brake is
included in the tubular drive 202 and this helps to limit the speed
at which the panel 102 moves. This prevents overly abrupt or overly
rapid movement of the panel 102, hence preventing damage to the
floodgates 100, 100b.
[0086] The floodgates 100, 100b, 1000 may be installed beside
apertures, openings or doorways such as a single leaf doorway, a
double leaf doorway, a main gate of a house, an entrance of a
carpark, an entrance to a compound or a doorway between two
buildings. These floodgates 100, 100b, 1000 are standalone units
and extensive modifications to existing building structures are
normally not required. Even though a part of the ground may have to
be evacuated to install the floodgates 100, 100b, 1000, the depth
required for the floodgates 100, 100b, 1000 is low and thus, the
integrity of the building structure will not be affected.
Furthermore, the floodgates 100, 100b, 1000 require minimal
servicing and maintenance except to ensure their operational
readiness.
[0087] In addition, a floodgate system can be easily constructed
using a plurality of floodgates (100, 100b and/or 1000). As the
floodgates 100, 100b or 1000 comprise sealing elements which
overlap to close the gaps between the panels of floodgates 100,
100b and/or 1000, a continuous barrier is formed. Hence, no
additional barriers (e.g. vertical posts) are required between the
panels of the floodgates 100, 100b and/or 1000 to close the gaps
when the floodgate system is activated. This achieves a faster
setup time for the floodgate system.
[0088] Further variations are possible within the scope of the
invention as will be clear to a skilled reader.
[0089] For example, instead of a gas strut, the extendable member
may be in the form of a hydraulic pump or a pneumatic pump.
However, it is preferable to use a gas strut due to the
above-mentioned advantages. In certain embodiments of the invention
it is also possible to omit extendable members completely, but if
such members are not used to assist in the automatic or assisted
opening of the floodgate panel, human intervention will be required
to lift the floodgate panel to the opened position, and props will
be required to prevent the floodgate panel from closing either by
itself or by the force/pressure of the flood water. Note that
manually applied props may also used with the embodiments
previously described, and the embodiments may be formed with
connection elements (e.g. sockets) to receive ends of the props,
such that the props are in a configuration (e.g. a sloping
"diagonal" configuration) where they hold the floodgate panel in
the opened position.
[0090] Furthermore, although FIGS. 1 to 9 show each floodgate
comprising two gas struts, one gas strut may be used or more than
two gas struts may be included depending on the force exerted by
each gas strut.
[0091] Similarly, the number of tubular drives with integrated
locking members in the floodgate 100, 100b may be varied. Indeed,
the tubular drives may be omitted completely. In this case,
however, the floodgate would have to be closed manually, which
means that for a given number of available people, who are able to
apply a given closing force, the panels can only be up to a certain
length (in the direction of the hinge axis). This is because the
length cannot be such that the gas struts required to open the
floodgate apply a greater force than the one the people can act
against to close the floodgate. Furthermore, if the floodgate is
too long there is a risk that the people will apply their force at
locations which are not evenly spread out along the length, causing
the floodgate to be distorted. In other words, the present tubular
drives permit the floodgate to be longer, since the wire ropes 312
apply force evenly along the length of the floodgate.
[0092] The floodgate 100, 100b, 1000 may also comprise more locking
members with the locking members configured to be simultaneously
deactivated upon receiving a signal to activate the floodgate. The
locking members may not be electromagnetic locks and may be other
types of locks. For example, latches or bolts may be used to
prevent the floodgate panel from opening when not activated.
Furthermore, some of these locking members may be situated at the
corners of the panel 102, 102'.
[0093] Furthermore, although FIGS. 3-7, FIG. 10(a) and FIGS. 12-13
show the floodgate 100, 100b, 1000 as being horizontally installed
in the ground, the floodgates 100, 100b, 1000 may also be
vertically installed into a wall perpendicular to the ground with
the panel 102, 102' being substantially perpendicular to the
aperture, opening or doorway of the premise to be protected so that
when the panel 102, 102' is in the opened position, it forms a
barrier preventing floodwater from entering the aperture, opening
or doorway. Alternatively, the floodgate 100, 100b, 1000 may be
installed on the surface of a ground using suitable anchors such as
masonry/fish-tail anchors and may be covered in sealant such as
polysulphide sealant for water tightness. To allow human or
vehicular traffic to pass over the floodgate 100, 100b, 1000 when
it is installed in this manner, the ground before and after the
floodgate 100, 100b, 1000 may be backfilled with concrete and may
be sloped.
[0094] In addition, some or all of the floodgates 1000a-1000e,
1000f-1000j 1000k-1000o in the floodgate systems 1300, 1500 and
1600 respectively may be replaced with floodgates 100 and/or 100b
with the sealing elements configured in the same manner.
Alternative floodgate systems may be constructed by arranging the
floodgates (100, 100b, 1000 or combinations of them) in different
configurations. Furthermore, the panels of the floodgates in a
floodgate system may move from their closed positions to their
opened positions in different directions. However, regardless of
the configuration of the floodgates (100, 100b, 1000 or
combinations of them) or the direction in which the panels move, at
least one sealing element of each floodgate is configured to
overlap with a sealing element of another floodgate such that a
continuous barrier is formed by the panels and the overlapping
sealing elements.
* * * * *