U.S. patent application number 13/879770 was filed with the patent office on 2013-08-08 for sandwich panel.
This patent application is currently assigned to KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH. The applicant listed for this patent is Jens Kompe, Michael Loferer. Invention is credited to Jens Kompe, Michael Loferer.
Application Number | 20130202841 13/879770 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43571482 |
Filed Date | 2013-08-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130202841 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kompe; Jens ; et
al. |
August 8, 2013 |
SANDWICH PANEL
Abstract
The present invention relates to a sandwich panel comprising a
first covering layer, a second covering layer substantially
parallel to the first covering layer, a sandwich core provided
between the covering layers, and two opposite end surfaces on the
longitudinal sides. The invention is characterized in that the end
sides are of bevelled or stepped design in such a manner that (i)
two sandwich panels which are joined to each other on the end sides
in the same orientation and lie one against the other are arranged
at 90.degree. to each other, and (ii) two sandwich panels which are
joined together on the end sides in an opposite orientation and lie
one against the other lie in the same plane, i.e. a 180.degree.
connection is realized.
Inventors: |
Kompe; Jens; (Windach,
DE) ; Loferer; Michael; (Munchen, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Kompe; Jens
Loferer; Michael |
Windach
Munchen |
|
DE
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
KraussMaffei Technologies
GmbH
Munchen
DE
|
Family ID: |
43571482 |
Appl. No.: |
13/879770 |
Filed: |
October 11, 2011 |
PCT Filed: |
October 11, 2011 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP11/67727 |
371 Date: |
April 16, 2013 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/76 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 428/239 20150115;
E04C 2/243 20130101; E04C 2/38 20130101; B32B 3/02 20130101; E04C
2/292 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
428/76 |
International
Class: |
E04C 2/38 20060101
E04C002/38 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 22, 2010 |
DE |
20 2010014620.,8 |
Claims
1.-11. (canceled)
12. A sandwich panel, comprising: a first covering layer; a second
covering layer in substantial parallel relationship to the first
covering layer; and a sandwich core provided between the first and
second covering layers; said sandwich panel having two opposite
longitudinal sides disposed parallel to one another to define end
sides, respectively, said end sides having a beveled or stepped
configuration to enable adjacent end sides of two of said sandwich
panel to be joined in two ways, a first way in which the two
sandwich panels are positioned in a 90.degree. rotated relationship
and joined to one another in a form-fitting manner such that the
adjacent end sides of the sandwich panels come in contact with one
another to thereby form a 90.degree. corner, a second way in which
one of the sandwich panels is rotated about 180.degree. in relation
to the other non-rotated sandwich panel and the two sandwich panels
are joined to one another in a form-fitting manner such that the
adjacent end sides of the sandwich panels come in contact with one
another to realize a 180.degree. connection.
13. The sandwich panel of claim 12 constructed for use in a
prefabricated house.
14. The sandwich panel of claim 12, wherein the end sides are
stepped singly or multiply.
15. The sandwich panel of claim 12, wherein the end sides are
stepped singly to define a stepping having surfaces which all have
a same width.
16. The sandwich panel of claim 12, defined by a central line and
constructed mirror-symmetrically with respect to the central
line.
17. The sandwich panel of claim 12, further comprising at least one
sealing device provided on a surface of the end sides.
18. The sandwich panel of claim 17, wherein the sealing device is
embodied as a sealing bead.
19. The sandwich panel of claim 17, wherein the surface of the end
sides has a groove or recess to at least partially receive the
sealing device.
20. The sandwich panel of claim 12, wherein at least one of the
first and second covering layers is made of a material selected
from the group consisting of steel, aluminium, plastic, plastic
compound and wood material.
21. The sandwich panel of claim 12, wherein the sandwich core
comprises a material selected from the group consisting of
polyurethane, polystyrene and another insulating material.
22. The sandwich panel of claim 22, wherein the other insulating
material is mineral wool.
23. The sandwich panel of claim 12, wherein the end sides are
formed by a deformation of at least one of the first and second
covering layers.
24. The sandwich panel of claim 12, wherein the first and second
covering layers are directly connected to one another or through
interposition of a separate element.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a sandwich panel according
to the introductory clause of Claim 1.
[0002] Corresponding sandwich panels are already described in the
two subsequently published documents DE 10 2009 036 582 and DE 10
2009 036 583.
[0003] In particular, the sandwich elements are provided as
finished elements for a house which is to be erected at a
favourable cost.
[0004] Conventionally, such sandwich panels are coupled with one
another on the end sides via connecting profiles in the assembly of
a laminar structure, such as for example a wall structure. In
particular, such connecting profiles (here: corner connecting
profiles) are also used in the corner connections, i.e. on a
construction of a wall corner, for example at an angle of
90.degree..
[0005] A disadvantage in the use of such connecting profiles is,
however, the increase of the structural elements which are
necessary for the installation of a wall, which increases the costs
and increases the logistics and also the complexity.
[0006] It is an object of the present invention to be able to
produce and install laminar structures, e.g. walls or ceilings,
from the above-mentioned sandwich panels both at an angle of
180.degree. and also of 90.degree. without additional connecting
profiles. In particular, it is to be possible to be able to produce
walls for a house from the sandwich panels, wherein as small a
number as possible of different components can be used and a frame
system, into which the sandwich panels are fitted or mounted, can
be dispensed with.
[0007] This problem is solved by the features named in Claim 1.
[0008] Accordingly, in sandwich panels of the type named in the
introduction, the end sides are of bevelled or stepped design on
two longitudinal sides, lying opposite and parallel to one another,
such that (i) two sandwich panels rotated about 90.degree. to one
another can be joined to each other in a form-fitting manner on the
end side and in so doing form a 90.degree. corner, and (ii) a
sandwich panel rotated about 180.degree. with another non-rotated
sandwich panel adjoin one another in a form-fitting manner to
realize a 180.degree. connection. In this way, walls and corner
connections can be formed at a 90.degree. angle without additional
profiles, frames or other connecting elements. In so doing, the end
sides can be constructed not only singly but also multiply stepped
or constructed in another suitable manner.
[0009] If the end side is stepped singly, then preferably all
surfaces of the stepping are selected with the same width, because
then a complete lying against one another of the surfaces of
adjacent end sides, facing one another, of two sandwich panels
which are to be joined to one another come to lie on one
another.
[0010] The end side can also be produced by the introduction of an
additional profile into the sandwich panels.
[0011] Both in the bevelled and in the stepped version of the end
sides, it is possible to fix two adjacent sandwich panels with one
another by screwed connections, gluing, riveting, etc.,
irrespective of whether the connection is a 180.degree. connection
or a 90.degree. connection.
[0012] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the
surfaces of the end sides are provided with one or more sealing
devices, for example sealing beads, which extend over their entire
length, so that a coupling of two adjacent sandwich panels can be
produced which is tight with respect to moisture and wind. These
sealing devices can also be received at least partially in grooves
or already integrated into the end sides, if the end sides are made
for example of an extruded profile.
[0013] According to a further preferred embodiment, the sandwich
panels are constructed in a standardized manner in an established
number of lengths, for example three lengths, with which walls can
be formed, with and without door- and window openings, with only
very few different elements.
[0014] The covering layers can be made here of steel, aluminium,
plastic or plastic compound or wood material, or can contain these
materials. The sandwich core can be made for example of an
insulating material contributing to the rigidity of the structure,
for example polyurethane, polystyrene or mineral wool.
[0015] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, one or
both end surfaces of a sandwich panel are constructed by
corresponding deformation of one or both cover layers so that each
end surface is constructed integrally with one covering layer.
[0016] The covering layers can be connected with one another in the
most varied of ways. On the one hand, it is possible that they are
connected with one another through the sandwich core, for example
glued. In addition, it is possible that the covering layers are
connected directly with one another, for example by a corresponding
folding, by riveting or also by a clipping engagement, which can be
achieved directly or with the interposition of a separate
element.
[0017] The invention is explained in further detail below with the
aid of a practical example embodiment and with reference to the
enclosed drawings. The drawings show in
[0018] FIG. 1 a diagrammatic cross-sectional illustration of a
sandwich panel according to the invention,
[0019] FIG. 2 a diagrammatic cross-sectional illustration of two
sandwich panels joined to one another at a 90.degree. angle to form
a 90.degree. corner connection,
[0020] FIG. 3 a diagrammatic cross-sectional illustration of three
sandwich panels, the middle one of which is rotated about
180.degree. in its orientation for the formation of a flat wall
surface,
[0021] FIG. 4 a diagrammatic cross-sectional illustration as FIG.
3, wherein the fixing is realized by means of a screwed
connection,
[0022] FIG. 5 a diagrammatic cross-sectional illustration similar
to FIG. 4, wherein the fixing of the two adjacent sandwich panels
is realized by means of a screwed connection,
[0023] FIG. 6 the diagrammatic illustration of sealing devices on
the end sides of the sandwich panels,
[0024] FIG. 7 a sectional illustration of an enclosed space
produced with sandwich panels according to the invention and
[0025] FIG. 8 a diagrammatic illustration of a standardized
installation of a wall with standardized sandwich panels.
[0026] The sandwich panel illustrated diagrammatically in
cross-section in FIG. 1 includes substantially of a first covering
layer 12, a second covering layer and a sandwich core 116. The
first covering layer 12 also extends over the two end regions 20,
wherein it is accordingly deformed and also forms these. The second
covering layer 14 is arranged substantially parallel to the first
covering layer 12 and has folds on its longitudinal sides, by means
of which the two covering layers 12 and 14 are connected with one
another in these fold regions, in order to produce a homogeneous
outer skin which is closed off with respect to the interior space.
The interior space which is thus produced is foamed with a foam
material 16 of polyurethane material serving as a sandwich core. Of
course, other core materials can also be used at any time.
[0027] Of course, the covering layers 12 and 14 can also be
connected with one another in a different manner, for example via
separate elements of sheet metal, plastic or wood.
[0028] During production, it is possible in particular to produce
such sandwich panels in a double belt system, wherein the materials
for the covering layers 12 and 14 are deformed or supplied as bar
material to the double belt system and the core material is
introduced before entry into the double belt system.
[0029] In the embodiment in FIG. 1, the two end-sides 20 of the
sandwich panel 10 are constructed in a singly stepped form, wherein
a nose projects at the height of the half thickness h.sub.3 of the
sandwich panel 10. Both the width of the projection h.sub.2 and
also the height of the projection h.sub.3 are of equal size here to
the remaining height of the part h.sub.1 returning behind the nose,
so that a stepped shape is produced in the cross-sectional
illustration in FIG. 1.
[0030] The stepping which is thus constructed is suited to enable a
form-fitting joining together of two sandwich panels 10 on their
end sides extending over the longitudinal side, and namely in two
types. When two sandwich panels are joined together which are
rotated about 90.degree., as illustrated in FIG. 2, a 90.degree.
corner connection is produced (reference number 22), wherein the
surface h.sub.1 of a sandwich panel comes to lie on the surface
h.sub.2 of the adjacent sandwich panel and in the same way the
surface h.sub.2 of the first sandwich panel comes to lie on the
surface h.sub.3 of the second sandwich panel.
[0031] When the sandwich panels are arranged such that each
adjacent sandwich panel is rotated about 180.degree., an overall
flat laminar structure in the form of a wall can be realized as is
illustrated in FIG. 3. In other words, a 180.degree. connection is
brought about respectively between two adjacent sandwich panels.
The nose of a stepping comes to lie here respectively into the
recess of the respectively adjoining sandwich panel formed by the
return.
[0032] In FIGS. 4 and 5 similar illustrations are shown as in FIGS.
2 or respectively 3, wherein now, however, both the corner
connections (FIG. 4) and also the 180.degree. connections (FIG. 5)
can be realized by screw connections 26. Instead of the screw
connection, it is of course also possible to choose adhesive, rivet
or other connections. It is merely necessary to fix adjacent
sandwich panels with one another accordingly.
[0033] In FIG. 6 the arrangement of various sealing beads is
illustrated. In the region of the contact surfaces on each end side
of a sandwich panel respectively two sealing beads are provided
here, which complement one another on joining together. On the
joining together of adjacent sandwich panels in the 90.degree.
arrangement or in the 180.degree. arrangement, these sealing
arrangements, for example sealing beads, come to lie between
adjacent surfaces and produce a moisture- and air-tight closure.
Not illustrated is the fact that these sealing beads can also be
partially received in recesses (e.g. grooves).
[0034] It can be seen in FIG. 7 how a space can be formed by the
sandwich panels presented in the preceding figures. The space
illustrated in FIG. 7 thus is defined by two opposite longitudinal
walls and two opposite transverse walls, wherein the longitudinal
walls are made of five panels 30.1 or respectively 30.3
respectively adjacent in reverse orientation, and the transverse
walls also made of respectively three longitudinal panels 30.2 or
respectively 30.4 arranged in reverse orientation with respect to
one another. Only the respectively outer panel 30.1 with 30.2, 30.2
with 30.3, 30.3 with 30.4 and 30.4 with 30.1 produce the 90.degree.
corner connections. In this way, it is clear that a house can be
constructed in modular dimensions.
[0035] When standardized sandwich panels are used with, for
example, three lengths, walls with or without window- and door
openings can be formed thereby in the simplest manner, without a
subsequent processing being necessary or waste products occurring.
This is illustrated in FIG. 8. Thus, in the wall structure in FIG.
8, standard panels are used with a first length L1 (reference
number 23), with a length L2 (reference number 34) and with a
length L3 (reference number 36). When two sandwich panels with the
length L1 are joined together, a closed wall is produced. When only
one panel with the length L3, which is arranged above, is inserted
between two panels with the length L1, the door opening is
produced, as can be seen in FIG. 8. When a panel with the length L3
is introduced above and a panel with the length L2 is introduced
below between two sandwich panels with the length L1, then a window
opening is produced, as can also be seen in FIG. 8.
[0036] In this manner, a fast construction system is produced for
the erecting of low cost houses. A production of the individual
sandwich panels is possible here which is favourably priced because
it is continuous. Also, with the same structure, the most varied of
materials can be used for the panels; thus, the covering layer can
be made of steel, aluminium, plastic or wood; the core layer can be
formed as an insulation layer, for example of polyurethane,
polyurethane filled with solid materials and/or recycling material,
or polystyrene. Of course, materials such as mineral wool etc. can
also be used. As a whole, through the structure the possible
construction is produced without connecting elements in a
180.degree. or 90.degree. manner.
[0037] With such sandwich panels, it is possible to produce a
favourably priced house with as small a number of different
structural elements as possible, as far as possible dispensing with
separate frame systems. The statics of the building are to be
provided by the design of the sandwich panels, by a gluing of the
covering layers, by the sandwich core and by the connection of the
sandwich panels with one another. If necessary, profiles (U or T
profiles) can be arranged on the floor, into which profiles the
sandwich panels are inserted for forming a wall. This ensures a
good hold. In the same manner, a ring beam on the upper wall
closure can also be realized by a profile. Of course, it is also
possible to construct not only walls, but also ceilings of a house
with the sandwich panels according to the invention.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
[0038] 10 sandwich panel [0039] 12 first covering layer [0040] 14
second covering layer [0041] 16 foam core [0042] 18 fold region
[0043] 20 end side, stepped [0044] 22 90.degree. corner connection
[0045] 24 180.degree. connection [0046] 26 screw fastening [0047]
28 sealing arrangements/various sealing beads [0048] 30.1 sandwich
panel elements for first wall [0049] 30.2 sandwich panel elements
for second wall [0050] 30.3 sandwich panel elements for third wall
[0051] 30.4 sandwich panel elements for fourth wall [0052] 32
standard sandwich panel with length l1 [0053] 34 standard sandwich
panel with length l2 [0054] 36 standard sandwich panel with length
l3 [0055] h1 height of the recessed end side [0056] h2 depth of the
nose-shaped projection [0057] h3 height of the nose-shaped
projection
* * * * *