U.S. patent application number 13/614232 was filed with the patent office on 2013-07-25 for dimming device and lighting system.
This patent application is currently assigned to Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation. The applicant listed for this patent is Katsuyuki Kobayashi, Hirokazu Otake, Toshihiko SASAI, Masayuki Tanaka. Invention is credited to Katsuyuki Kobayashi, Hirokazu Otake, Toshihiko SASAI, Masayuki Tanaka.
Application Number | 20130187563 13/614232 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 47115282 |
Filed Date | 2013-07-25 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130187563 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SASAI; Toshihiko ; et
al. |
July 25, 2013 |
DIMMING DEVICE AND LIGHTING SYSTEM
Abstract
According to one embodiment, a control section receives supply
of control power from a control power supply section through a
capacitive element and divides, a period of each half cycle of an
alternating-current voltage into a first section, a second section,
and a third section. In the first section, the control section
subjects a switch section to conduction control to supply electric
power to a load and stops a converting action of the control power
supply section. In the second section, the control section subjects
the switch section to non-conduction control to interrupt the power
supply to the load and stops the converting action of the control
power supply section. In the third section, the control section
subjects the switch section to the non-conduction control to
interrupt the power supply to the load and causes the converting
action of the control power supply to operate.
Inventors: |
SASAI; Toshihiko;
(Yokosuka-shi, JP) ; Otake; Hirokazu;
(Yokosuka-shi, JP) ; Kobayashi; Katsuyuki;
(Yokosuka-shi, JP) ; Tanaka; Masayuki;
(Yokosuka-shi, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SASAI; Toshihiko
Otake; Hirokazu
Kobayashi; Katsuyuki
Tanaka; Masayuki |
Yokosuka-shi
Yokosuka-shi
Yokosuka-shi
Yokosuka-shi |
|
JP
JP
JP
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
Toshiba Lighting & Technology
Corporation
Yokosuka-shi
JP
|
Family ID: |
47115282 |
Appl. No.: |
13/614232 |
Filed: |
September 13, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
315/287 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H05B 45/37 20200101;
H05B 45/3725 20200101 |
Class at
Publication: |
315/287 |
International
Class: |
H05B 37/02 20060101
H05B037/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 19, 2012 |
JP |
2012-009392 |
Claims
1. A dimming device comprising: a switch section connected to an
alternating-current power supply in series to a load and configured
to phase-control an alternating-current voltage supplied to the
load; a synchronization-signal generating section configured to
generate a synchronization signal synchronized with an
alternating-current voltage waveform of the alternating-current
power supply; a control power supply section connected to the
switch section in parallel and configured to convert the
alternating-current power supply into predetermined control power
and enable control of operation and stop of a converting action and
include a capacitive element that accumulates the control power;
and a control section configured to receive supply of the control
power from the control power supply section through the capacitive
element, divide, on the basis of the synchronization signal
generated by the synchronization-signal generating section, a
period of each half cycle of the alternating-current voltage into a
first section, a second section, and a third section, in the first
section, subject the switch section to conduction control to supply
electric power to the load and subject the converting action of the
control power supply section to stop control, in the second
section, subject the switch section to non-conduction control to
interrupt the power supply to the load and subject the converting
action of the control power supply section to stop control, and in
the third section, subject the switch section to the non-conduction
control to interrupt the power supply to the load and subject the
converting action of the control power supply section to operation
control.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein impedance of the entire
dimming device increases in the order of the first section, the
third section, and the second section.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control section
controls the switch section and the control power supply section in
the order of the first section, the second section, and the third
section during the period of each half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control section
controls the switch section and the control power supply section in
the order of the third section, the second section, and the first
section during the period of each half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the load includes an
LED element and a power supply circuit configured to turn on the
LED element.
6. A lighting system in which a load and a dimming device are
connected to an alternating power supply in series, the dimming
device including: a switch section connected to an
alternating-current power supply in series to a load and configured
to phase-control an alternating-current voltage supplied to the
load; a synchronization-signal generating section configured to
generate a synchronization signal synchronized with an
alternating-current voltage waveform of the alternating-current
power supply; a control power supply section connected to the
switch section in parallel and configured to convert the
alternating-current power supply into predetermined control power
and enable control of operation and stop of a converting action and
include a capacitive element that accumulates the control power;
and a control section configured to receive supply of the control
power from the control power supply section through the capacitive
element, divide, on the basis of the synchronization signal
generated by the synchronization-signal generating section, a
period of each half cycle of the alternating-current voltage into a
first section, a second section, and a third section, in the first
section, subject the switch section to conduction control to supply
electric power to the load and subject the converting action of the
control power supply section to stop control, in the second
section, subject the switch section to non-conduction control to
interrupt the power supply to the load and subject the converting
action of the control power supply section to stop control, and in
the third section, subject the switch section to the non-conduction
control to interrupt the power supply to the load and subject the
converting action of the control power supply to operation
control.
7. The system according to claim 6, wherein impedance of the entire
dimming device increases in the order of the first section, the
third section, and the second section.
8. The system according to claim 6, wherein the control section
controls the switch section and the control power supply section in
the order of the first section, the second section, and the third
section during the period of each half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage.
9. The system according to claim 6, wherein the control section
controls the switch section and the control power supply section in
the order of the third section, the second section, and the first
section during the period of each half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage.
10. The system according to claim 6, wherein the load includes an
LED element and a power supply circuit configured to turn on the
LED element.
Description
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
[0001] The present invention claims priority under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.119 to Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-009392 filed on
Jan. 19, 2012. The content of the application is incorporated
herein by reference in their entirety.
FIELD
[0002] Embodiments described herein relate generally to a two-wire
dimming device and a lighting system including the dimming
device.
BACKGROUND
[0003] In the past, a two-wire dimming device connected to an
alternating-current power supply in series to a load such as an
incandescent lamp to subject the load to dimming control adopts a
phase control system for controlling conduction and non-conduction
to the load halfway in a period of each half cycle of an
alternating-current voltage according to a set dimming level using
a switch section including a triac and a switching element and a
rectifying element connected in series in opposite directions. The
dimming device includes a control section configured to control the
switch section and a control power supply section connected to the
alternating-current power supply in parallel to the switch section
and configured to convert alternating-current power into
predetermined control power and supply the control power to the
control section.
[0004] A load including a discharge lamp or a semiconductor
light-emitting element such as an LED or an organic EL as a light
source includes a power supply circuit in order to improve lighting
characteristics and realize highly-efficient and stable lighting. A
dimming function is added to the power supply circuit, whereby the
load including the power supply circuit and the two-wire dimming
device can be connected to the alternating-current power supply in
series and used. The power supply circuit including the dimming
function acquires dimming information from a phase of an
alternating-current voltage controlled by the dimming device and
subjects the light source to dimming control.
[0005] However, when the load including the power supply circuit
and the two-wire dimming device are connected to the
alternating-current power supply in series and used, if a control
power supply section on the dimming device side is affected by the
power supply circuit on the load side, it is likely that the phase
of the alternating-current voltage controlled by the dimming device
changes, accurate dimming information may not be able to be
acquired from the phase of the alternating-current voltage in the
power supply circuit on the load side, and the power supply circuit
on the load side malfunctions.
[0006] There is provided a dimming device and a lighting system
that can normally dim a load even if the load includes a power
supply circuit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a dimming device according to a
first embodiment;
[0008] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the dimming device;
[0009] FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the dimming device;
[0010] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the dimming device;
[0011] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a lighting system including the
dimming device;
[0012] FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the lighting system;
[0013] FIGS. 7(a) to 7(c) are waveform charts of waveforms obtained
after an alternating-current voltage phase-controlled by the
dimming device is rectified by a load;
[0014] FIGS. 8(a) to 8(c) are diagrams for explaining phase control
by the dimming device;
[0015] FIG. 9 is a waveform chart of waveform of a voltage
phase-controlled by the dimming device; and
[0016] FIG. 10 is a waveform chart of a waveform of a voltage
phase-controlled by a dimming device according to a second
embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] In general, according to one embodiment, a dimming device
includes a switch section, a synchronization-signal generating
section, a control power supply section, and a control section. The
switch section is connected to an alternating-current power supply
in series to a load and configured to phase-control an
alternating-current voltage supplied to the load. The
synchronization-signal generating section is configured to generate
a synchronization signal synchronized with an alternating-current
voltage waveform of the alternating-current power supply. The
control power supply section is connected to the switch section in
parallel and configured to convert alternating-current power into
predetermined control power and enable control of operation and
stop of the converting action and include a capacitive element that
accumulates the control power. The control section is configured to
receive supply of the control power from the control power supply
section through the capacitive element and divide, on the basis of
the synchronization signal generated by the synchronization-signal
generating section, a period of each half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage into a first section, a second section,
and a third section. In the first section, the control section
subjects the switch section to conduction control to supply
electric power to the load and subjects the converting action of
the control power supply section to stop control. In the second
section, the control section subjects the switch section to
non-conduction control to interrupt the power supply to the load
and subjects the converting action of the control power supply
section to stop control. In the third section, the control section
subjects the switch section to the non-conduction control to
interrupt the power supply to the load and subjects the converting
action of the control power supply to operation control.
[0018] With this configuration, in the first section, the control
section subjects the switch section to the conduction control to
supply electric power to the load and subjects the converting
action of the control power supply section to the stop control. In
the second section, the control section subjects the switch section
to the non-conduction control to interrupt the power supply to the
load and subjects the converting action of the control power supply
section to the stop control to transmit dimming information to the
load side. In the third section, the control section subjects the
switch section to the non-conduction control to interrupt the power
supply to the load and subjects the converting action of the
control power supply section to the operation control to supply
electric power to the control section and enable the control
section to acquire the synchronization signal. Therefore, it may be
possible to normally subject the load to the dimming control even
if the load includes the power supply circuit.
[0019] A first embodiment is explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to
9.
[0020] A lighting system 10 is shown in FIG. 5. In the lighting
system 10, a load (a lighting load) L and a two-wire dimming device
11 are connected to an alternating-current power supply E in
series.
[0021] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the dimming device 11. The
dimming device 11 includes terminals 14 and 15 respectively
connected to the alternating-current power supply E and the load L.
A control circuit section 16 and a control power supply section 17
that supplies control power to the control circuit section 16 are
connected in parallel between the terminals 14 and 15.
[0022] The control circuit section 16 includes a switch section
that phase-controls an alternating-current voltage supplied to the
load L, a switch drive section 20 that drives the switch section
19, an operation display section 21 including an operation function
for adjustment and setting of dimming and a display function, a
synchronization-signal generating section 22 that generates a
synchronization signal synchronized with an alternating-current
voltage waveform of the alternating-current power supply E, a
detecting section 23 that detects an electric current flowing to
the load L, and a control section 24 that controls the switch drive
section 20 and the control power supply section 17 on the basis of
signals from the operation display section 21, the
synchronization-signal generating section 22, and the detecting
section 23. The control section 24 includes a storing section 25
that stores, for example, setting information of a dimming lower
limit value.
[0023] FIGS. 2 and 3 are circuit diagrams of the dimming device 11.
A circuit shown in FIG. 2 and a circuit shown in FIG. 3 are
separately shown. However, the circuit shown in FIG. 2 and the
circuit shown in FIG. 3 are electrically connected by a connector
CN1 and a connector CN2.
[0024] A fuse F1 and a varistor VZ1 are connected between the
terminals 14 and 15. The control circuit section 16 and the control
power supply section 17 are connected to both ends of the varistor
VZ1.
[0025] In the switch section 19 of the control circuit section 16,
a cathode of a diode D1 is connected to one end of the varistor VZ1
connected to the fuse F1 and a cathode of a diode D2 is connected
to the other end of the varistor VZ1. Anodes of the diodes D1 and
D2 are connected to each other and connected to a ground side line
of the control power supply section 17 via the connector CN1.
Drains of field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 functioning as
switching elements are connected to the cathodes of the diodes D1
and D2. Sources of the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 are
connected to the anodes of the diodes D1 and D2 via resistors R1
and R2.
[0026] Capacitors C1 and C2 for bias, a series circuit of
collectors and emitters of transistors Q3 and Q4 and capacitors C3
and C4, and anodes and cathodes of thyristors SR1 and SR2 are
connected between gates of the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2
and the anodes of the diodes D1 and D2 in parallel. Bases of the
transistors Q3 and Q4 are connected to a microcomputer IC1 of the
control section 24. The transistors Q3 and Q4 are turned on and off
according to "H" and "L" signals from the microcomputer IC1.
[0027] Gates of the thyristors SR1 and SR2 are connected to the
sources of the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 via resistors R3
and R4. Resistors R5 and R6 and capacitors C5 and C6 are connected
between the gates and the cathodes of the thyristors SR1 and SR2.
The thyristors SR1 and SR2, the resistors R1 to R6, and the
capacitors C5 and C6 configure an over-current protection circuit
that turns off the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 when an over
current flows to a current circuit including the field effect
transistors Q1 and Q2.
[0028] The gates of the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 are
connected to the switch drive section 20 via the connector CN2 and
resistors R7 and R8. The field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 are
turned on and off according to "H" and "L" signals from the
switching drive section 20. The capacitors C1 and C2, the
transistors Q3 and Q4, the capacitors C3 and C4, and the resistors
R7 and R8 configure time-constant circuits 27a and 27b functioning
as inclination control means 26 that can set an inclination angle
at a falling edge of an alternating-current voltage during OFF
control (during interruption control) of the field effect
transistors Q1 and Q2 and change the inclination angle according to
control by the microcomputer IC1 of the control section 24. In the
time-constant circuits 27a and 27b, as indicated by an alternate
long and two short dashes line in FIG. 3, emitters and collectors
of transistors Q51 and Q52 and resistors R51 and R52 may be
connected in parallel to the resistors R7 and R8 instead of the
transistors Q3 and Q4 and the capacitors C3 and C4. Bases of the
transistors Q51 and Q52 may be connected to the microcomputer IC1
of the control section 24.
[0029] The switch drive section 20 includes integrated circuits IC2
and IC3 for buffer that supply control signals for turning on and
off the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2. A control power supply
line for supplying control power of 10 to 11 V from a control power
supply section 17 is connected to ports 5 of the integrated
circuits 102 and 103. The control power supply line is connected to
ports 2 of the integrated circuits IC2 and IC3 via resistors R9 and
R10 and connected to ports 3 of the integrated circuits IC2 and IC3
via capacitors C7 and C8. Collectors of transistors Q5 and Q6 are
connected between the resistors R9 and R10 and the ports 2 of the
integrated circuits 102 and IC3. Emitters of the transistors Q5 and
Q6 are connected to the ground side line of the control power
supply section 17. Bases of the transistors Q5 and Q6 are connected
to the microcomputer IC1 of the control section 24. The transistors
Q5 and Q6 are turned on and off according to "H" and "L" signals
from the microcomputer IC1. According to the turn-on and turn-off
of the transistors Q5 and Q6, the "H" and "L" signals are output to
the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 from ports 4 of the
integrated circuits IC2 and 103.
[0030] The operation display section 21 includes a variable
resistor VR1 for changing dimming, an LED 30 functioning as a
display section 29 that lights during off of the load L and
performs lighting display in a predetermined display form during
setting, and a push button switch SW1 for operating setting and
release of a dimming lower limit value. The variable resistor VR1,
the LED 30, and the push button switch SW1 are respectively
connected between ports of the microcomputer IC1 of the control
section 24 and the ground side line of the control power supply
section 17.
[0031] The synchronization-signal generating section 22 includes
two zero-cross detecting sections 22a and 22b for a positive
electrode and a negative electrode. Anodes of diodes D3 and D4 are
connected to both the ends of the varistor VZ1. Voltage dividing
circuits of resistors R11 and R12 and voltage dividing circuits of
resistors R13 and R14 are connected between cathodes of the diodes
D3 and D4 and the ground side line of the control power supply
section 17. Bases of transistors Q7 and Q8 are connected to an
intermediate point of the resistors R11 and R12 and an intermediate
point of the resistors R13 and R14. Bases and emitters of the
transistors Q7 and Q8 are connected to the resistor R12 and the
resistor R14 in parallel. Capacitors C9 and 010 are connected to
the resistor R12 and the resistor R14 in parallel. Collectors of
the transistors Q7 and Q8 are connected to a 3.3V control power
supply line of the control power supply section 17 via resistors
R15 and R16. Capacitors C11 and C12 are connected between the
collectors and the emitters of the transistors Q7 and Q8. Sections
between the collectors of the transistors Q7 and Q8 and the
capacitors C11 and C12 are connected to the microcomputer IC1 of
the control section 24.
[0032] When the terminal 14 side shifts to a period of a positive
half cycle of the alternating-current voltage, the transistor Q7 is
turned on and the transistor Q8 is turned off. When the terminal 15
side shifts to a period of a negative half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage, the transistor Q8 is turned on and the
transistor Q7 is turned off. According to the turn-on and turn-off
of the transistors Q7 and Q8, a phase and a zero-cross of the
alternating-current voltage are detected.
[0033] In a detecting section 23, sections between sources of the
field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 and the resistors R1 and R2 of
the switch section 19 are connected to a port 12 of the
microcomputer IC1 of the control section 24. The detecting section
23 detects a load current flowing to the load L via the resistors
R1 and R2. The detecting section 23 may detect a voltage instead of
an electric current. As indicated by an alternate long and short
two dashes line in FIG. 3, voltage dividing circuits of resistors
R41 and R42 are connected between a positive electrode side line
and the ground side line of the control power supply section 17. A
section between the resistors R41 and R42 is connected to the port
12 of the microcomputer IC1 of the control section 24.
[0034] The control section 24 is a timing generating section. The
control section 24 includes the microcomputer CI1. 3.3V control
power is supplied to a port 1 of the microcomputer IC1 from the
control power supply section 17. A capacitor C13 is connected
between the port 1 and a port 14. The collectors of the transistors
Q7 and Q8 of the synchronization-signal generating section 22 are
connected to ports 2 and 13 via resistors R17 and R18. An
intermediate contact of the variable resistor VR1 of the operation
display section 21 is connected to a port 3 via a resistor R19. An
end contact of the variable resistor VR1 is connected to a port 8.
The push button switch SW1 is connected to a port 4. A resistor R20
is connected between the port 4 and the port 8. The LED 30 is
connected to a port 5 via a resistor R21. The bases of the
transistors Q5 and Q6 of the switch drive section 20 are connected
to ports 6 and 7.
[0035] The control section 24 further includes an integrated
circuit IC4 for reset. The 3.3V control power is supplied to a port
2 of the integrated circuit IC4 from the control power supply
section 17. A port 1 is connected to a port 10 of the microcomputer
IC1. A resistor R22 is connected between the port 1 and the port 2.
A capacitor C14 is connected between a section between the port 1
and the resistor R22 and the ground side line of the control power
supply section 17.
[0036] The microcomputer IC1 has a function of controlling the
switch drive section 20 and the control power supply section 17.
The microcomputer IC1 has a timer function and also has a function
of a sleep mode for halting functions other than necessary minimum
functions including the timer function to suppress power
consumption as much as possible.
[0037] The positive electrode side line connected via the diodes D5
and D6, the anodes of which are connected to both the ends of the
varistor VZ1, and the ground side line connected to both the ends
of the varistor VZ1 via the diodes D1 and D2 are connected to the
control power supply section 17. A drain of a field effect
transistor Q9 used as a control element of a dropper circuit is
connected to the positive electrode side line via a resistor R23. A
source of the field effect transistor Q9 is connected to the ground
side line via an electrolytic capacitor C15. Resistors R24 and R25
of voltage dividing circuits are connected between the positive
electrode side line and the ground side line. An intermediate point
of the resistors R24 and R25 is connected to a gate of the field
effect transistor Q9. A Zener diode ZD1, a cathode of which is
connected between the intermediate point of the resistors R24 and
R25 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q9, is connected to
the resistor R25 in parallel. Charges are accumulated in the
electrolytic capacitor C15 during the operation of the field effect
transistor Q9. 10 to 11V control power is supplied to the switch
drive section 20 via the electrolytic capacitor C15.
[0038] A capacitor C16, a regulator 105 that converts a voltage to
a 3.3V voltage, a capacitor C17, and an electrolytic capacitor C18
functioning as a capacitive element are connected to both ends of
the electrolytic capacitor C15 in parallel. Charges are accumulated
in the electrolytic capacitor C18 during the operation of the field
effect transistor Q9. 3.3V control power is supplied to the control
section 24 via the electrolytic capacitor C18.
[0039] A collector and an emitter of a transistor Q10 are connected
between a base of the field effect transistor Q9 and the ground
side line. A base of the transistor Q10 is connected to a port 9 of
the microcomputer IC1 of the control section 24. The transistor Q10
is turned on and off according to "H" and "L" signals from the
microcomputer IC1. The field effect transistor Q9 is stopped when
the transistor Q10 is on. The field effect transistor Q9 is
actuated when the transistor Q10 is off.
[0040] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the dimming device 11. The
dimming device 11 includes a support 34 for attaching a wiring box.
A main body 35 in which the control circuit section 16, the control
power supply section 17, and the like are housed is attached to the
support 34. A cover 36 is detachably attached to the front surface
of the main body 35. A dimming operation section 37 for operating
the variable resistor VR1 is projected on the cover 36. A display
window 38 (the display section 29) that transmits light of the LED
30 is formed on the cover 36. The push button switch SW1 operable
by removing the cover 36 is arranged on the front surface of the
main body 35.
[0041] FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the illuminating system
10.
[0042] The load L includes a plurality of LED elements 41, which
are semiconductor light-emitting elements functioning as light
sources, and a power supply circuit 42 that turns on the LED
elements 41.
[0043] The power supply circuit 42 includes terminals 43 and 44
connected to the alternating-current power supply E in series to
the dimming device 11. A filter circuit 45 including a capacitor
and a choke coil is connected between the terminals 43 and 44. A
pair of input terminals of a full-wave rectifier REC are connected
to both ends of the filter circuit 45. A smoothing circuit
including a diode D30 and an electrolytic capacitor C31 is
connected to a pair of output terminals of the full-wave rectifier
REC. An input section of a converter 46 is connected to both ends
of the electrolytic capacitor C31. The LED elements 41 are
connected to an output section of the converter 46. A phase
detecting circuit 47 that detects a phase of a voltage
phase-controlled by the dimming device 11 is connected between the
pair of output terminals of the full-wave rectifier REC and the
smoothing circuit including the diode D30 and the electrolytic
capacitor C31. Phase information detected by the phase detecting
circuit 47 is input to the converter 46.
[0044] The converter 46 includes, for example, a falling-voltage
chopper. The converter 46 subjects a switching element of the
falling-voltage chopper to ON and OFF control using a not-shown
lighting control circuit and controls on-duty of the switching
element according to phase information from the phase detecting
circuit 47 to thereby convert a rectified and smoothed
direct-current voltage into predetermined output voltage for
turning on the LED elements 41.
[0045] A bleeder circuit 48 including a resistor R30 and a field
effect transistor Q30 is connected in parallel to the phase
detecting circuit 47 between the pair of output terminals of the
full-wave rectifier REC and the smoothing circuit including the
diode D30 and the electrolytic capacitor C31. The bleeder circuit
48 subjects the field effect transistor Q30 to ON control according
to a dimming level using a not-shown lighting control circuit and
extracts a bleeder current determined by the resistor R30.
[0046] Since the power supply circuit 42 includes the bleeder
circuit 48, even in a period in which an electric current does not
flow into the converter 46 when the dimming level is set near the
dimming lower limit, the bleeder current flows via the bleeder
circuit 48. Consequently, it is possible to monitor a waveform of a
power supply voltage and detect the zero-cross in the dimming
device 11.
[0047] The operation of the dimming device 11 is explained.
[0048] The control power supply section 17 of the dimming device 11
converts alternating-current power E into predetermined control
power and supplies the converted control power to the microcomputer
IC1 of the control section 24 and the integrated circuits IC2 and
IC3 of the switch drive section 20.
[0049] The microcomputer IC1 acquires information concerning a
phase and a zero cross of an alternating-current voltage detected
by the synchronization-signal generating section 22, dimming level
information set by the variable resistor VR1 in association with
the operation of the dimming operation section 37, and information
concerning a value of an electric current flowing to the load L
detected by the detecting section 23.
[0050] The microcomputer IC1 outputs "H" and "L" signals from a
port 6 and a port 7 in synchronization with the phase of the
alternating-current voltage and subjects the transistors Q5 and Q6
to the ON and OFF control. The microcomputer IC1 outputs the "H"
and "L" signals from the ports 4 of the integrated circuits 102 and
103 according to the turn-on and turn-off of the transistors Q5 and
Q6 and subjects the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 of the
switch section 19 to the ON and OFF control.
[0051] According to the control by the microcomputer 101, the field
effect transistor Q1 is turned on and off in a period of a positive
half cycle of the alternating-current voltage and the field effect
transistor Q2 is turned on and off in a period of a negative half
cycle of the alternating-current voltage. The
synchronization-signal generating section 22 includes the two
zero-cross detecting sections 22a and 22b for the positive
electrode and the negative electrode and can detect positive and
negative phases together with the zero-cross of the
alternating-current voltage. Therefore, the microcomputer IC1 can
control the two field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 according to the
positive and negative phases of the alternating-current
voltage.
[0052] The ON and OFF control of the field effect transistor Q2 by
the microcomputer IC1 includes a first control method (see FIG.
8(b)) and a second control method (see FIG. 8(c)), either of which
may be used. In FIGS. 8(a) to 8(c), FIG. 8(a) is a waveform chart
of a phase-controlled waveform, FIG. 8(b) is a timing chart of on
and off of the field effect transistor Q1 by the first control
method, and FIG. (c) is a timing chart of on and off of the field
effect transistor Q1 by the second control method.
[0053] In the first control method, when the terminal 14 side
shifts to the period of the positive half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage, the microcomputer IC1 switches a
signal from the port 4 of the integrated circuit IC2 from "L" to
"H" and subjects the field effect transistor Q1 to the ON control.
The alternating-current power E flows to the terminal 15 through a
route of the fuse F1, the field effect transistor Q1, the resistor
R1, and the diode D2. An electric current flows to the load L. The
microcomputer IC1 switches the signal from the port 4 of the
integrated circuit 102 from "H" to "L" after a predetermined time
corresponding to a dimming level from the zero-cross when the
terminal 14 side shifts to the period of the positive half cycle of
the alternating-current voltage. The microcomputer IC1 subjects the
field effect transistor Q1 to OFF control.
[0054] Similarly, when the terminal 15 side shifts to the period of
the positive half cycle of the alternating-current voltage, the
microcomputer IC1 switches the signal from the port 4 of the
integrated circuit IC3 from "L" to "H" and subjects the
alternating-current power E flows to the terminal 14 through a
route of the field effect transistor Q2, the resistor R2, the diode
D1, and the fuse F1. An electric current flows to the load L. The
microcomputer 101 switches the signal from the port 4 of the
integrated circuit 103 from "H" to "L" after a predetermined time
corresponding to a dimming level from the zero-cross when the
terminal 15 side shifts to the period of the positive half cycle of
the alternating-current voltage. The microcomputer 101 subjects the
field effect transistor Q2 to the OFF control.
[0055] In the second control method, when the terminal 14 side
shifts to the period of the positive half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage, the field effect transistor Q1 is on.
Therefore, when the terminal 14 side shifts to the period of the
positive half cycle of the alternating-current voltage, the
alternating-current power E flows to the terminal 15 through a
route of the fuse F1, the field effect transistor Q1, the resistor
R1, and the diode D2. An electric current flows to the load L. The
microcomputer IC1 switches the signal from the port 4 of the
integrated circuit 102 from "H" to "L" after a predetermined time
corresponding to a dimming level from the zero-cross when the
terminal 14 side shifts to the period of the positive half cycle of
the alternating-current voltage. The microcomputer IC1 subjects the
field effect transistor Q1 to the OFF control. At the same time,
the microcomputer IC1 switches the signal from the port 4 of the
integrated circuit IC3 from "L" to "H" and subjects the field
effect transistor Q2 to the ON control. Even if the field effect
transistor Q2 is turned on, when the terminal 14 side is in the
period of the positive half cycle of the alternating-current
voltage, an electric current does not flow because polarity is
reversed.
[0056] Similarly, when the terminal 15 side shifts to the period of
the positive half cycle of the alternating-current voltage, the
field effect transistor Q2 is on. Therefore, when the terminal 15
side shifts to the period of the positive half cycle of the
alternating-current voltage, the alternating-current power E flows
to the terminal 14 through a route of the field effect transistor
Q2, the resistor R2, the diode D1, and the fuse F1. An electric
current flows to the load L. The microcomputer IC1 switches the
signal from the port 4 of the integrated circuit IC3 from "H" to
"L" after a predetermined time corresponding to a dimming level
from the zero-cross when the terminal 15 side shifts to the period
of the positive half cycle of the alternating-current voltage and
subjects the field effect transistor Q2 to the OFF control. At the
same time, the microcomputer IC1 switches the signal from the port
4 of the integrated circuit IC2 from "L" to "H" and subjects the
field effect transistor Q1 to the ON control. Even if the field
effect transistor Q1 is turned on, when the terminal 15 side is in
the period of the positive half cycle of the alternating-current
voltage, an electric current does not flow because polarity is
reversed.
[0057] In the second control method, since the field effect
transistors Q1 and Q2 are on at the point of the zero-cross, the
rise of the voltage from the zero-cross can be smoothed.
[0058] As explained above, the microcomputer 101 performs,
according to the dimming level set in the dimming operation section
37, so-called opposite phase control (back cut phase control) for
interrupting conduction to the load L during a period of each half
cycle of the alternating-current voltage (see FIG. 9).
[0059] Since the switch section 19 is configured to perform phase
control at every half cycle using the two field effect transistors
Q1 and Q2, the switch section 19 can reduce a power loss. In this
case, the microcomputer 101 that controls the two field effect
transistors Q1 and Q2 needs to grasp positive and negative phases
together with the zero-cross of the alternating-current voltage.
Therefore, the synchronization-signal generating section 22
includes the two zero-cross detecting sections 22a and 22b for the
positive electrode and the negative electrode to make it possible
to detect the positive and negative phases together with the
zero-cross of the alternating-current voltage. Consequently, the
microcomputer IC1 can acquire information concerning the positive
and negative phases together with the zero-cross of the
alternating-current voltage and control the two field effect
transistors Q1 and Q2 according to the positive and negative phases
of the alternating-current voltage.
[0060] The alternating-current voltage phase-controlled by the
dimming device 11 is supplied to the power supply circuit 42 of the
load L. In the power supply circuit 42, the lighting control
circuit acquires dimming information from a waveform of the
alternating-current voltage phase-controlled by the dimming device
11 and controls the converter 46 to dim and light the LED elements
41.
[0061] In the power supply circuit 42, the alternating-current
voltage is rectified by the full-wave rectifier REC, smoothed by
the electrolytic capacitor C31, and supplied to the converter
46.
[0062] FIGS. 7(a) to 7(c) are waveform charts of waveforms obtained
after the alternating-voltage phase-controlled by the dimming
device 11 is rectified by the power supply circuit 42. A waveform
after the rectification equivalent to a full-light dimming level is
shown in FIG. 7(a). A waveform after the rectification
phase-controlled to a predetermined dimming level is shown in FIG.
7(b). After the rectification, the alternating-current voltage is
smoothed to a predetermined smoothed voltage Vc by the electrolytic
capacitor C31 of the power supply circuit 42. In a section of a
voltage lower than the smoothed voltage Vc, an electric current
does not flow into the converter 46 and impedance is extremely
large.
[0063] Since the power supply circuit 42 includes the bleeder
circuit 48, even in a period in which an electric current does not
flow into the converter 46, the power supply circuit 42 feeds a
bleeder current from the bleeder circuit 48. Consequently, in the
dimming device 11, it is possible to monitor a waveform of the
power supply voltage and detect the zero-cross.
[0064] When the power supply circuit 42 includes the bleeder
circuit 48, a phenomenon occurs in which an electric current flows
to a power supply line via the control power supply section 17,
which is converting the alternating-current power E into the
control power, a voltage depending on a divided voltage of the
impedance of the control power supply section 17 and the impedance
of the bleeder circuit 48 affects a voltage phase-controlled by the
dimming device 11, and a target phase waveform may not be able to
be obtained.
[0065] Specifically, a waveform after the rectification
phase-controlled to a target dimming level is a waveform in which
the alternating-current voltage drops to zero during the period of
each half cycle of the alternating-current voltage shown in FIG.
7(b). However, because of the influence of the electric current
flowing to the power supply line from the control power supply
section 17, which is converting the alternating-current power E to
the control power, as shown in FIG. 7(c), the alternating-current
voltage does not drop to zero during the period of each half cycle
of the alternating-current voltage and a voltage is continuously
generated until the last of the period of each half cycle.
[0066] In the power supply circuit 42, since the dimming
information is acquired from the waveform in which the voltage
drops as shown in FIG. 7(b), in the waveform shown in FIG. 7(c),
the dimming information may not be able to be correctly acquired
and a deficiency occurs in dimming control.
[0067] In order to solve such a deficiency, as shown in FIG. 9, the
control section 24 of the dimming device 11 divides the period of
each half cycle of the alternating-current voltage into a first
section, a second section, and a third section on the basis of a
synchronization signal generated by the synchronization-signal
generating section 22. In the first section, the control section 24
subjects the switch section 19 to conduction control to supply
electric power to the load L and subjects the converting action of
the control power supply section 17 to stop control. In the second
section, the control section 24 subjects the switch section 19 to
non-conduction control to interrupt the power supply to the load L
and subjects the converting action of the control power supply
section 17 to the stop control. In the third section, the control
section 24 subjects the switch section 19 to the non-conduction
control to interrupt the power supply to the load L and subjects
the converting action of the control power supply section 17 to
operation control.
[0068] Specifically, if the microcomputer IC1 of the control
section 24 discriminates the zero-cross of the alternating-current
voltage on the basis of the synchronization signal from the
synchronization-signal generating section 22, the microcomputer IC1
discriminates that the period is in the first section of the half
cycle of the alternating-current voltage, subjects the switch
section 19 to the conduction control through the switch drive
section 20, and supplies the alternating-current voltage to the
load L. In the first section, the microcomputer IC1 subjects the
transistor Q10 of the control power supply section 17 to ON control
and shifts to the sleep mode for halting functions other than
necessary minimum functions including the timer function to
suppress power consumption as much as possible. The microcomputer
IC1 subjects the transistor Q10 of the control power supply section
17 to the ON control to stop the converting action for the control
voltage. However, since charges accumulated in the electrolytic
capacitor C18 are supplied to the microcomputer IC1, the
microcomputer IC1 maintains the sleep mode.
[0069] The microcomputer IC1 determines that the period is switched
from the first section to the second section after a predetermined
time based on the zero-cross according to a set dimming level. The
microcomputer IC1 temporarily returns from the sleep mode to a
normal mode, subjects the switch section 19 to the non-conduction
control through the switch drive section 20, and interrupts the
power supply to the load L. The microcomputer IC1 that subjects the
switch section 19 to the non-conduction control shifts to the sleep
mode again. In the second section, as in the first section, the
microcomputer IC1 subjects the transistor Q10 of the control power
supply section 17 to the ON control to stop the converting action
for the control voltage. However, since the charges accumulated in
the electrolytic capacitor C18 are supplied to the microcomputer
IC1, the microcomputer IC1 maintains the sleep mode. The capacity
of the electrolytic capacitor C18 is set to a capacity for enabling
maintenance of the functions of the microcomputer IC1 even if the
control power supply section 17 is turned off in the first section
and the second section.
[0070] In the second section, since the converting action of the
control power supply section 17 is stopped, the electric current
from the control power supply section 17 due to the relation
between the control power supply section 17 and the bleeder circuit
48 does not flow to the power supply line. The waveform after the
rectification phase-controlled by the dimming device 11 is a
waveform in which the alternating-current voltage drops to zero
during the period of each half cycle of the alternating-current
voltage shown in FIG. 7(b). Therefore, the power supply circuit 42
of the load L can correctly acquire dimming information from a
phase of the waveform in which the voltage drops shown in FIG. 7(b)
and appropriately perform the dimming control.
[0071] The microcomputer IC1 determines that the period is switched
from the second section to the third section after the
predetermined time based on the zero-cross. The microcomputer IC1
returns from the sleep mode to the normal mode, subjects the
transistor Q10 of the control power supply section 17 to the OFF
control, and causes the control power supply section 17 to resume
the converting action for the control power. Consequently, the
control power is supplied from the control power supply section 17
to the microcomputer IC1 and the like and charges are accumulated
in the electrolytic capacitor C18 of the control power supply
section 17.
[0072] The microcomputer IC1 that returns to the normal mode can
discriminate the next zero cross of the alternating-current voltage
based on the synchronization signal from the synchronization-signal
generating section 22. If the microcomputer IC1 discriminates the
next zero-cross, the microcomputer IC1 completes the third section,
discriminates that the period is in the first section in the next
half cycle, and performs the control as explained above. The
microcomputer IC1 sets the switch section 19 in the non-conduction
state in the third section as well as in the second section.
[0073] In the third section, even if the control power supply
section 17 performs the converting action and an electric current
flows from the control power supply section 17 to the power supply
line because of the influence of the control power supply section
17 and the bleeder circuit 48, since the power supply circuit 42
already acquires the dimming information, the dimming control by
the power supply circuit 42 is not affected.
[0074] Since the microcomputer IC1 only has to be capable of
receiving the supply of the control power, returning to the normal
operation mode, and discriminating the next zero-cross, the third
section may be a short period at timing immediately before the next
zero-cross. By setting the third section short, it is possible to
reduce a power loss in the control power supply section 17.
[0075] The impedance of the entire dimming device 11 is the lowest
in the first section in which electric power is supplied to the
load L, higher in the third section in which an electric current
flows to the control power supply section 17 than in the first
section, and the highest in the second section in which the power
supply to the load L is stopped and the control power supply
section 17 stops the converting action.
[0076] As explained above, in the first section, the dimming device
11 subjects the switch section 19 to the conduction control to
supply electric power to the load L and subjects the converting
action of the control power supply section 17 to the stop control.
In the second section, the dimming device 11 subjects the switch
section 19 to the non-conduction control to interrupt the power
supply to the load L and subjects the converting action of the
control power supply section 17 to the stop control to transmit
dimming information to the load L side. In the third section, the
dimming device 11 subjects the switch section 19 to the
non-conduction control to interrupt the power supply to the load L
and subjects the converting action of the control power supply 17
to the operation control to supply electric power to the control
section 24 to enable the control section 24 to acquire a
synchronization signal. Therefore, even if the load L includes the
power supply circuit 42, it is possible to normally subject the
load L to the dimming control.
[0077] The impedance of the entire dimming device 11 increases in
the order of the first section, the third section, and the second
section. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the circuit of the
dimming device 11.
[0078] The control section 24 controls the switch section 19 and
the control power supply section 17 in the order of the first
section, the second section, and the third section during the
period of each half cycle of the alternating-current voltage.
Therefore, it is possible to cope with dimming control of an
opposite phase control system.
[0079] A second embodiment is shown in FIG. 10.
[0080] In the second embodiment, an example adapted to a phase
control system for conducting to the load L halfway in a period of
each half cycle of an alternating-current voltage according to a
dimming level is explained.
[0081] The microcomputer IC1 of the control section 24 divides the
period of each half cycle of the alternating-current voltage into a
third section, a second section, and a first section in this order
from the zero-cross.
[0082] If the microcomputer IC1 discriminates the zero-cross of the
alternating-current voltage on the basis of a synchronization
signal from the synchronization-signal generating section 22, the
microcomputer IC1 discriminates that the period is in the third
section of the half cycle of the alternating-current voltage. In
the third section, the microcomputer IC1 subjects the transistor
Q10 of the control power supply section 17 to the ON control and
the control power supply section 17 performs a converting action
for control voltage. Control power is supplied from the control
power supply section 17 to the microcomputer IC1 and the like and
charges are accumulated in the electrolytic capacitor C18 of the
control power supply section 17. In the third section, the switch
section 19 is set in a non-conduction state.
[0083] In the third section, even if the control power supply
section 17 performs the converting action and an electric current
flows from the control power supply section 17 to the power supply
line because of the influence of the control power supply section
17 and the bleeder circuit 48, since the third section is a point
of a small voltage at the rising edge of the half cycle and is a
short period, the dimming control by the power supply circuit 42 is
not affected.
[0084] The microcomputer IC1 determines that the period is switched
from the third section to the second section after a predetermined
time based on the zero-cross. The microcomputer IC1 subjects the
transistor Q10 of the control power supply section 17 to the OFF
control and shifts to the sleep mode for halting functions other
than necessary minimum functions including the timer function to
suppress power consumption as much as possible. The microcomputer
IC1 subjects the transistor Q10 of the control power supply section
17 to the OFF control to stop the converting action for the control
voltage. However, since the charges accumulated in the electrolytic
capacitor C18 in the third section are supplied to the
microcomputer IC1, the microcomputer IC1 maintains the sleep
mode.
[0085] In the second section, since the converting action of the
control power supply section 17 is stopped, the electric current
from the control power supply section 17 due to the relation
between the control power supply section 17 and the bleeder circuit
48 does not flow to the power supply line. The waveform after the
rectification phase-controlled by the dimming device 11 is waveform
in which the alternating-current voltage rises halfway in the
period of each half cycle of the alternating-current voltage.
Therefore, the power supply circuit 42 of the load L can correctly
acquire dimming information from a phase of the waveform and
appropriately perform the dimming control.
[0086] The microcomputer IC1 determines that the period is switched
from the second section to the first section after the
predetermined time based on the zero-cross according to a set
dimming level. The microcomputer IC1 temporarily returns from the
sleep mode to the normal mode, subjects the switch section 19 to
the conduction control through the switch drive section 20, and
supplies the alternating-current voltage to the load L. The
microcomputer IC1 that subjects the switch section 19 to the
conduction control shifts to the sleep mode again. In the first
section, as in the second section, the microcomputer IC1 subjects
the transistor Q10 of the control power supply section 17 to the
OFF control to stop the converting action for the control voltage.
However, since charges accumulated in the electrolytic capacitor
C18 are supplied to the microcomputer IC1, the microcomputer IC1
maintains the sleep mode.
[0087] If the microcomputer IC1 discriminates the next zero-cross
of the alternating-current voltage on the basis of the
synchronization signal from the synchronization-signal generating
section 22, the microcomputer IC1 completes the first section,
discriminates that the period is in the third section in the next
half cycle. The microcomputer IC1 returns from the sleep mode to
the normal mode, subjects the switch section 19 to the
non-conduction control through the switch drive section 20 to
interrupt the power supply to the load L, and subjects the
transistor Q10 of the control power supply section 17 to the ON
control. Thereafter, the microcomputer IC1 performs the control as
explained above.
[0088] As explained above, the microcomputer CI1 of the control
section 24 controls the switch section 19 and the control power
supply section 17 in the order of the third section, the second
section, and the first section during the period of each half cycle
of the alternating-current voltage. Therefore, it is possible to
cope with dimming control of a phase control system.
[0089] The switch section 19 is not limited to perform the phase
control at each half cycle using the two field effect transistors
Q1 and Q2 and may perform the phase control at each half cycle
using one switching element using a full-wave rectifier as well.
The switch section 19 may use other switch configurations.
[0090] The load L may be either a bulb-type lamp or other
luminaires including the power supply circuit 42. The light source
is not limited to the LED elements 41 and may be other
semiconductor light-emitting elements such as an EL element or may
be a discharge lamp.
[0091] While certain embodiments have been described, these
embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not
intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel
embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other
forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, and changes
in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without
departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying
claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or
modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the
inventions.
* * * * *