U.S. patent application number 13/352568 was filed with the patent office on 2013-07-18 for heat containment apparatus.
This patent application is currently assigned to Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Fernando Gomez, Ronald Joy, Jose Maltez, Dale Oberhoff, Clayton Ownby. Invention is credited to Fernando Gomez, Ronald Joy, Jose Maltez, Dale Oberhoff, Clayton Ownby.
Application Number | 20130180693 13/352568 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 48779169 |
Filed Date | 2013-07-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130180693 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Gomez; Fernando ; et
al. |
July 18, 2013 |
Heat Containment Apparatus
Abstract
A heat containment apparatus may include a housing having an
access window, the housing being formed, at least in part, of an
insulating material. Alternatively, a heat containment apparatus
includes a housing being an expandable structure having an access
window, the housing including an insulating material. Heat
containment apparatuses may be used in conjunction with performing
high temperature operations and/or low temperature operations to at
least portions of substrates contained therein.
Inventors: |
Gomez; Fernando; (Pasadema,
TX) ; Maltez; Jose; (Houston, TX) ; Oberhoff;
Dale; (Richmond, TX) ; Joy; Ronald; (Katy,
TX) ; Ownby; Clayton; (Houston, TX) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Gomez; Fernando
Maltez; Jose
Oberhoff; Dale
Joy; Ronald
Ownby; Clayton |
Pasadema
Houston
Richmond
Katy
Houston |
TX
TX
TX
TX
TX |
US
US
US
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Halliburton Energy Services,
Inc.
Houston
TX
|
Family ID: |
48779169 |
Appl. No.: |
13/352568 |
Filed: |
January 18, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
165/135 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C21D 9/50 20130101; F27D
99/0001 20130101; B23K 37/006 20130101; F27D 2099/0058
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
165/135 |
International
Class: |
F28F 13/00 20060101
F28F013/00 |
Claims
1. A heat containment apparatus comprising: a housing having an
access window, the housing comprising an insulating material.
2. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
is formed from the insulating material.
3. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the
insulating material comprises at least one selected from the group
consisting of: a ceramic, a ceramic fiber, a ceramic block, a
moldable ceramic, a woven ceramic, a cast ceramic, a fire brick, a
carbon fiber, a graphite block, a shaped graphite block, a
nanocomposite, a fluid in a jacket, a metal fabric, a metal wool, a
metal casing, an insulating metal composite, any composite thereof,
and any combination thereof.
4. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting
of: a frame, a removable access window cover, a slideable access
window cover, a hinged access window cover, a viewing window, a
longitudinally expandable wall, a radially expandable wall, a
hinged wall, a handle, a fluid port, a fluid jacket, a reduced
pressure container, a substrate holder, a base, and any combination
thereof.
5. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1 further comprising: at
least one selected from the group consisting of: a heating element,
a substrate holder, a sensor, a camera, a viewing window, a light,
a handle, a hook, a fluid port, a chimney, a vent, a fluid handling
device, a base, an electromagnetic field generator, a control
system, and any combination thereof.
6. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
is capable of being operably connected to a manipulator that
comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of: a
crane, a hook, a swivel arm, a mandrel, a lift, a tool balancer, a
turntable, a fluid powered cylinder, a fluid powered actuator, an
electrical actuator, a motor, and any combination thereof.
7. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
comprises a heating element capable of maintaining a temperature of
at least a portion of a substrate between about 480.degree. C. and
about 705.degree. C.
8. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
comprises a heating element capable of maintaining a temperature of
at least a portion of a substrate between about 260.degree. C. and
about 535.degree. C.
9. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
comprises a heating element capable of maintaining a temperature of
at least a portion of a substrate between about 150.degree. C. and
about 260.degree. C.
10. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
comprises an internal surface having a reflective coating.
11. The heat containment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing
comprises a fluid jacket operably capable of flowing fluids
therethrough at an elevated or reduced temperature.
12. A heat containment apparatus comprising: a housing that
comprises an access window and an insulating material; and a
heating element.
13. A system comprising: a heat containment apparatus that
comprises a housing having an access window, the housing comprising
an insulating material; a substrate holder capable of positionally
maintaining a substrate within the heat containment apparatus; and
a ventilation element in fluid communication with the heat
containment apparatus.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the housing further comprises a
frame.
15. The system of claim 13, wherein the substrate holder is movable
in at least one direction selected from the group consisting of:
angularly, rotationally, vertically, laterally, and any combination
thereof.
16. A method comprising: heating at least a portion of a substrate
to a first temperature; placing the portion of the substrate in a
heat containment apparatus that comprises a housing having an
access window, the housing comprising an insulating material;
maintaining a first section of the portion of the substrate above a
second temperature that is greater than about 50% of the first
temperature; and performing a first high temperature operation on
the first section of the portion of the substrate while the portion
of the substrate is substantially within the heat containment
apparatus.
17. The method of claim 16 further comprising: maintaining a second
section of the portion of the substrate above a third temperature
that is greater than about 50% of the second temperature; and
performing a second high temperature operation on the second
section of the portion of the substrate while the portion of the
substrate is substantially within the heat containment
apparatus.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the first section of the
portion of the substrate and the second section of the portion of
the substrate overlap.
19. The method of claim 16, wherein the first section of the
portion of the substrate and the second section of the portion of
the substrate are the same section of the portion of the
substrate.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein the heat containment apparatus
further comprises a heating element, and wherein heating is
performed in the heat containment apparatus.
21. The method of claim 16, wherein the first high temperature
operation is at least one selected from the group consisting of:
hardfacing, brazing, debrazing, welding, cutter removal, shrink
fitting, creating interference connections between at least two
components, connecting two or more components where at least one
component is at an elevated temperature, assembling
non-interference components where at least one component is at an
elevated temperature, flame spraying, spray coating, applying an
aerosolized heated metal, plasma spraying, vapor deposition, and
any combination thereof.
22. The method of claim 16 further comprising: moving the substrate
through the first heat containment apparatus while performing the
high temperature operation.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] The present invention relates to heat containment
apparatuses suited for use in high temperature operations of
substrates, such as brazing of drill bits.
[0002] The manufacturing of many downhole tools includes applying a
wear-resistant coating (e.g., a hardfacing on a cutting structure),
attaching cutting structures (e.g., a braze to attach a cutter),
and/or attaching wear-resistant elements to protect the surface of
the downhole tool from wear and abrasion. The application of these
coatings requires the surface of the downhole tool (or component
thereof) be at elevated temperatures, e.g., 650.degree.
C.-760.degree. C. (1200.degree. F.-1400.degree. F.) for brazing.
The elevated temperature may, at least in part, assist with
reducing residual moisture on a surface and mitigate differential
thermal expansion of two or more components.
[0003] To achieve this the downhole tool is heated in a kiln, or
similar apparatus, then removed to apply the coating. In order to
keep the surface at an elevated temperature after removal from the
kiln, workers wrap the downhole tool with a ceramic blanket (or
wrap or tape). Then, as the ceramic blanket is carefully peeled
away to ensure that no particulates remain on the surface, the
coating is applied. If during this process the surface cools below
a certain threshold, e.g., about 480.degree. C. (900.degree. F.)
for brazing, the downhole tool must be reheated and rewrapped
before the process can continue.
[0004] With this process, defects and potential failure points can
manifest in several places. First, when wrapping the heated
substrate, ceramic particulates and fibers from the wrapper can
become fused to the surface of the tool. Particulates and fibers
that are not removed can create surface areas where the coating may
fail to properly adhere to the tool surface. Thus, ensuring the
surface is clean for coating is often time consuming, thereby
increasing the chances of needing to reheat and begin again. The
reheating and continuation of coating can further create defects or
points of potential failure where the first coating and second
coating interface.
[0005] Additionally, this process requires workers to handle
materials at extremely high temperatures. Further, many of the
processes performed produce harmful air borne chemicals and
particulates. While workers employ safety measures (such as,
insulated gloves and coveralls and respiratory devices), an
apparatus that reduces defects and potential failure points in the
downhole tools while further reducing worker safety risk would be
of benefit to one skilled in the art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present invention relates to heat containment
apparatuses suited for use in high temperature operations of
substrates, such as brazing of drill bits.
[0007] In some embodiments, the present invention provides a heat
containment apparatus comprising a housing having an access window,
the housing being formed, at least in part, of an insulating
material.
[0008] In other embodiments, the present invention provides a heat
containment apparatus comprising a housing being an expandable
structure having an access window, the housing comprising an
insulating material.
[0009] In still other embodiments, the present invention provides a
heat containment apparatus comprising a housing comprising a
heating element and an insulating material, the housing having an
access window.
[0010] In some embodiments, the present invention provides a heat
containment apparatus comprising a housing comprising an insulating
material, an access window, and at least one selected from the
group consisting of: a chimney, a removable access gap cover, a
slideable access gap cover, a hinged access gap cover, a viewing
window, a longitudinally expandable wall, a radially expandable
wall, a hinged wall, a handle, a fluid port, a heating element, a
fluid jacket, a reduced pressure container, a substrate holder, a
base, and any combination thereof.
[0011] In other embodiments, the present invention provides a
system comprising a heat containment apparatus that comprises a
housing having an access window, the housing being formed, at least
in part, of an insulating material; a substrate holder capable of
maintaining a substrate within the heat containment apparatus; and
a ventilation element in fluid communication with the heat
containment apparatus.
[0012] In still other embodiments, the present invention provides a
method comprising heating at least a portion of a substrate to a
first temperature; placing the portion of the substrate in a heat
containment apparatus that comprises a housing having an access
window, the housing being formed, at least in part, of an
insulating material; maintaining a first section of the portion of
the substrate above a second temperature that is within about 50%
of the first temperature; and performing a first high temperature
operation on the first section of the portion of the substrate
while the portion of the substrate is substantially within the heat
containment apparatus.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] The following figures are included to illustrate certain
aspects of the present invention, and should not be viewed as
exclusive embodiments. The subject matter disclosed is capable of
considerable modification, alteration, and equivalents in form and
function, as will occur to those skilled in the art and having the
benefit of this disclosure.
[0014] FIGS. 1A-C illustrate a nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus according to the present invention (not
necessarily to scale).
[0015] FIGS. 2A-B illustrate a nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus according to the present invention (not
necessarily to scale).
[0016] FIG. 3 illustrates a nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus according to the present invention (not
necessarily to scale).
[0017] FIG. 4 illustrates a nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus according to the present invention (not
necessarily to scale).
[0018] FIG. 5 illustrates a nonlimiting example of a system
according to the present invention (not necessarily to scale).
[0019] FIG. 6 illustrates a nonlimiting example of a system
according to the present invention (not necessarily to scale).
[0020] FIG. 7 illustrates a nonlimiting example of a system
according to the present invention (not necessarily to scale).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The present invention relates to heat containment
apparatuses suited for use in high temperature operations of
substrates, such as brazing of drill bits.
[0022] The heat containment apparatuses of the present invention
are suitable for use in high temperature operations and allow for
increased efficiency while enhancing worker safety. Heat
containment apparatuses described herein may be capable of
maintaining a substrate at elevated temperature for longer periods
of time and with less chance of surface contamination than
traditional methods. Further, the heat containment apparatuses may
allow a worker to more readily access the substrate being treated.
Together, these benefits may advantageously allow for higher
quality downhole tools having been treated at high temperature
(e.g., attachments via braze joints and wear-resistant hardfacings)
without having to repeatedly heat the substrate.
[0023] The heat containment apparatuses may enhance worker safety
in at least two ways. First, increased access to the substrate
enhances worker safety by minimizing the risk of direct contact
between the worker and the heated surface. Second, the heat
containment apparatuses may incorporate specific design features
that enhance worker safety. By way of nonlimiting example,
ventilated heat containment apparatuses may reduce a worker's
exposure risk to potentially harmful air borne substances. Further,
heat containment apparatuses may provide a barrier to reduce the
heat exposure to workers as a whole, both those that are performing
high temperature operations and surrounding workers.
[0024] It should be noted that when "about" is provided at the
beginning of a numerical list, "about" modifies each number of the
numerical list. It should be further noted that in some numerical
listings of ranges, some lower limits listed may be greater than
some upper limits listed. One skilled in the art will recognize
that the selected subset will require the selection of an upper
limit in excess of the selected lower limit.
[0025] In some embodiments, a heat containment apparatus of the
present invention may comprise a housing having an access window
such that the housing material comprises, consists essentially of,
or consists of an insulating material. As used herein, the term
"access window" refers to an opening in a wall of a housing that
allows access to a substrate disposed within the housing. It should
be noted that in some embodiments the heat containment apparatus of
the present invention can be configured to have an access window
parallel to the plane of the ground, perpendicular to the plane of
the ground, any angle therebetween, or any combination thereof. In
some embodiments, the access window of a heat containment apparatus
of the present invention may have a frame. In some embodiments, the
frame of access window may be formed from the walls of the
housing.
[0026] Referring now to the nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus of the present invention illustrated in FIGS.
1A-C, heat containment apparatus 100 comprises housing 104 with two
access windows 106 for use in conjunction with substrate 102 (shown
as a fixed cutter drill bit). Housing 104 has telescopic walls 128,
128', and 128'' each being 12.7 cm (5 inches) in height. Telescopic
walls 128, 128', and 128'' are designed to extend with 1.3 cm (1/2
inch) overlap between walls 128 and 128' and walls 128' and 128''
to a final height of 35.5 cm (14 inches). Further, walls 128 and
128'' comprise the upper and lower frame of access windows 106,
respectively, while the opening in wall 128' extends from the top
to the bottom of wall 128' to allow for the proper configuration of
access windows 106 in the extended and retracted states. To assist
in extension and retraction, wall 128'' (the outer wall) has handle
122 attached thereto. By way of nonlimiting example, telescopic
walls 128, 128', and 128'' may be made of different materials. It
should be noted that directional terms used in the description of a
figure are provided for reference only and do not imply an
operational limitation.
[0027] Referring now to the nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus of the present invention illustrated in FIGS.
2A-B, heat containment apparatus 200 comprises housing 204 for use
in conjunction with substrate 202 (shown as a pipe). Housing 204 is
open ended with access window 206, cover 220, heater 240, hooks
226, and bearings 234. Bearings 234 allow for substrate 202 to be
moved through and/or rotated within housing 204 during the
performance of a high temperature operation. Hooks 226 allow for
transportation of heat containment apparatus 200 with manipulators
like cranes and/or movement of heat containment apparatus 200 as
needed during a high temperature operation.
[0028] Referring now to the nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus of the present invention illustrated in FIG.
3, heat containment apparatus 300 comprises housing 304 with access
window 306 and cover 320 with handle 322', handle 322, hook 326,
and vents 358. Hook 326 allows for moving housing 304 with
manipulators like a mandrel, and handle 322 may allow for turning
heat containment apparatus 300 about substrate 302 (shown as fixed
cutter drill bit).
[0029] Referring now to the nonlimiting example of a heat
containment apparatus of the present invention illustrated in FIG.
4, heat containment apparatus 400 comprises housing 404 for use in
conjunction with substrate 402 (shown as a roller cone drill bit).
Heat containment apparatus 400 has cover 420 that opens by sliding
up rails 432 with the assistance of handle 422 can allow for a
sizeable access window 406. Heat containment apparatus 400 further
includes substrate holder 430 with base 436, heaters 440, control
system 454, camera 450 operably connected to display 452 on cover
420, and fluid ports 446 and 446'. Substrate holder 430 with base
436 are shown here to be rotatable to allow 360.degree. substrate
access for a worker and/or for viewing with camera 450 with viewing
on display 452. Control system 452 may be for setting and
monitoring the temperature of heaters 440. Fluid ports 446 and 446'
are configure for fluid flow into and out of, respectively, heat
containment apparatus 400. Fluid flow into and out of heat
containment apparatus 400 can achieve active cooling of substrate
402 and/or active ventilation of heat containment apparatus 400
during a high temperature operation.
[0030] Referring now to the nonlimiting example of a system
including a heat containment apparatus of the present invention
illustrated in FIG. 5, system 510 comprises heat containment
apparatus 500 and heater 540 (shown as a heated coil) for use in
conjunction with substrate 502 (shown as a coring drill bit). Heat
containment apparatus 500 comprises housing 504 with access window
506 having cover 520, handle 522, substrate holder 530, and base
536. Heater 540 can be raised and lowered as needed for heating
substrate 502. As shown here, cover 520 is a cloth (e.g., ceramic
blanket) that can be rolled to achieve sizeable access window 506.
Base 536 is rotatable with the assistance of handle 522.
[0031] Referring now to the nonlimiting example of a system
including a heat containment apparatus of the present invention
illustrated in FIG. 6, system 610 comprises heat containment
apparatus 600 and substrate holder 630 with base 636. Heat
containment apparatus 600 comprises housing 604 with access window
606 having slideable covers 620, chimney 642, fan 644, light 648,
and hook 626. Hook 626 can be operably connected to a swivel arm
that can move heat containment apparatus 600 into place over
substrate 602 (shown as a fixed cutter drill bit).
[0032] Referring now to the nonlimiting example of a system
including a heat containment apparatus of the present invention
illustrated in FIG. 7, system 710 comprising heat containment
apparatus 700, lift 760 having rotatable substrate holder 730, and
ventilation 756 for use in conjunction with substrate 702 (shown as
roller cone drill bit). Heat containment apparatus 700 comprises
housing 704 having two access gaps 706, chimney 742, and heaters
740. Heat containment apparatus 700 is raise with a partially open
bottom sized to receive substrate 702 on lift 760. Access windows
706 are configured like apertures that can be opened to a desired
size radially.
[0033] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
performing a high temperature operation or a low temperature
operation on at least a portion of a substrate within a heat
containment apparatus as describe herein. In some embodiments, an
access window of a heat containment apparatus of the present
invention may be sized to allow workers to access a substrate.
[0034] As used herein, the term "high temperature operations"
refers to methods, procedures, or techniques performed at
temperatures above about 150.degree. C. (300.degree. F.).
Nonlimiting examples of high temperature operations may include
those used in operations like hardfacing, brazing, debrazing,
welding, cutter removal, shrink fitting, creating interference
connections between at least two components, connecting two or more
components where at least one component is at an elevated
temperature, assembling non-interference components where at least
one component is at an elevated temperature, flame spraying, spray
coating, applying an aerosolized heated metal, plasma spraying,
vapor deposition, and the like, or any combination thereof.
Further, high temperature operations may achieve changes to a
substrate surface, which may include, but not be limited to,
applying a surface coating, roughening or smoothing a surface,
removing a surface coating, removing a portion of a surface, and
the like.
[0035] As used herein, the term "low temperature operations" refers
to methods, procedures, or techniques performed at temperatures
below about 0.degree. C. (32.degree. F.). Nonlimiting examples of
low temperature operations may include those used in operations
like cutter removal, shrink fitting, creating interference
connections between at least two components, connecting two or more
components where at least one component is at a reduced
temperature, assembling non-interference components where at least
one component is at a reduced temperature, spray coating, and the
like, or any combination thereof.
[0036] As used herein, the terms "operation" and "operations"
encompasses both low temperature operations and high temperature
operations.
[0037] As used herein, the term "substrate" refers to a material to
which an operation is conducted. Suitable substrates for use with
the apparatuses, systems, and methods of the present invention may
include, but not be limited to, those capable of maintaining their
integrity at elevated and/or reduced temperatures including, but
not limited to, metals, ceramics, glasses, carbons (e.g.,
graphite), polymers, high-temperature polymers, nanocomposites,
high-temperature nanocomposites, composites thereof, or any
combination thereof. In some embodiments, substrates may be
capable, wholly or in part, of withstanding temperatures of about
150.degree. C. (300.degree. F.) and above or 0.degree. C.
(32.degree. F.) and below. Nonlimiting examples of substrates may
include downhole tools, downhole tool parts, drill bits, fixed
angle drill bits, roller cone drill bits, coring drill bits,
reamers, stabilizers, screens, hole openers, pipes, sleeves,
cutters, cutting elements, motor parts, saws, chisels, plows, and
the like, or components thereof.
[0038] In some embodiments, an access window of a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may be sized to allow workers to
access a substrate with at least a portion of a tool for performing
operations.
[0039] As used herein, the term "tool" refers generally to a tool
or piece of equipment needed in performing high temperature
operations or low temperature operations. Suitable tools of use in
conjunction with the apparatuses, systems, and methods of the
present invention may include, but not be limited to, torches,
welders, brazing torches, hardfacing torches, plasma torches,
aerosolizers, sprayers, grasping tools, substrate manipulators,
cutter manipulator, pliers, tweezers, screwdrivers, chisels, tongs,
sand blasting tools, grinding tools, cutting tools, wire feeder,
flux application tools, flux guns, scoops, gas nozzles, liquid
nozzles, liquid dispensers, suction devices, extraction devices,
guides, lifting devices, robotic fixtures, robotic arms, devices to
automatically manipulate any one or a combination thereof, and the
like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, an access
window may be sized to allow workers access to a substrate with
more than one tool. In some embodiments, an access window may be
sized to allow more than one worker access to a substrate. It
should be understood the access window should be sized according to
the above needs, which depend, inter alia, on the tools and high
temperature operation. In some embodiments, an access window may be
sized to have an opening width (or equivalent) ranging from a lower
limit of about 2.5 cm (1 inch), 5.1 cm (2 inches), 7.6 cm (3
inches), 15.2 cm (6 inches), or 30.5 cm (1 foot) to an upper limit
of about 61 cm (2 feet), 45.7 cm (1.5 feet), 30.5 cm (1 foot), or
15.2 cm (6 inches), wherein the opening width may range from any
lower limit to any upper limit and encompass any subset
therebetween. In some embodiments, an access window may be sized to
allow for the substrate to pass therethrough.
[0040] In some embodiments, access windows of a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may be of any shape including,
but not limited to, circular, substantially circular, ovular,
substantially ovular, polygonal (with concave and/or convex
shapes), polygonal with rounded corners, or any hybrid thereof.
[0041] In some embodiments, an access window of a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may be capable of resizing
on-the-fly, including from completely closed to a desired access
window size or from a first access window size to a second access
window size. In some embodiments, a first portion of a housing of a
heat containment apparatus of the present invention may be movable
relative to the remaining portion of the housing of a heat
containment apparatus of the present invention. By way of
nonlimiting example, a wall of a housing may be slideable to allow
for the size of an access window to transition from an access
window of about 5.1 cm (2 inches) by about 15.2 cm (6 inches) to an
access window size of about 15.2 cm (6 inches) by about 15.2 cm (6
inches). By way of another nonlimiting example, an access window
may be configured like an aperture that open radially from
completely closed to a circular access window about 8 inches in
diameter. Resizeable access windows of a heat containment apparatus
described herein may allow for minimizing heat loss therethrough,
e.g., when various tools of operations require different size
access windows. Further, a resizeable access window may allow for a
single heat containment apparatus to be useable for multiple
operations.
[0042] In some embodiments, housings of a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may be sized to receive at least
a portion of a substrate. Suitable housings of a heat containment
apparatus described herein may be of any shape including, but not
limited to, cylindrical (with any shaped cross-section, e.g.,
circular, ovular, polygonal, polygonal with rounded corners, or any
hybrid thereof), spherical, 3D-polygonal (e.g., icosahedral),
3D-polygonal with rounded edges, or any hybrid thereof. Suitable
housings may have a longitudinal direction and any radial
cross-sectional shape including, but not limited to, circular,
ovular, polygonal, polygonal with rounded corners, or any hybrid
thereof. Housings may have different cross-sectional sizes and/or
shapes at different cross-sections, e.g., conical, pyramidal,
square boxes that transition to cones, and the like. In some
embodiments, a housing may be sized to have at least one dimension
ranging from a lower limit of about 12.7 cm (5 inches), 20.3 cm (8
inches), 25.4 cm (10 inches), 30.5 cm (1 foot), 45.7 cm (1.5 feet),
or 61 cm (2 feet) to an upper limit of about 152 cm (5 feet), 122
cm (4 feet), 91 cm (3 feet), or 61 cm (2 feet), wherein the size in
at least one dimension may range from any lower limit to any upper
limit and encompass any subset therebetween.
[0043] In some embodiments, a heat containment apparatus described
herein may comprise an expandable housing. In some embodiments,
expandable housings of a heat containment apparatus of the present
invention may be capable of expanding longitudinally and/or
radially. Suitable expandable housings may include, but not be
limited to, longitudinally expandable walls, e.g., telescopic walls
or accordion walls that expand and contract longitudinally;
radially expandable walls, e.g., walls stable at more than one
cross-sectional size and/or shape, accordion walls that expand to
transition from a square to a rectangular cross-sectional shape, or
walls comprising bistable cells capable of transition from a first
circular cross-sectional shape to a second circular cross-sectional
shape with a greater diameter than the first circular
cross-sectional shape; or any combination thereof, e.g., spherical
housings capable of at least two stable circumferences.
[0044] In some embodiments, a heat containment apparatus described
herein may comprise a housing with hinged walls. By way of
nonlimiting example, hinged walls may provide a clamshell-like
housing with an access window that is adjustable relative to the
operation to be performed.
[0045] In some embodiments, a housing of a heat containment
apparatus described herein may comprise a frame and an insulating
material. In some embodiments, the housing may be an enclosure for
containing a fluid material that is heated or cooled. The enclosure
may allow for movement and/or cycling of the fluid material. In
some embodiments, an enclosure may contain a fluid insulating
material at an increased or decreased pressure. By way of
nonlimiting example, a housing may be a quartz enclosure with a
lower pressure therein, like a vacuum flask. By way of another
nonlimiting example, a housing may comprise coiled pipe through
which a high-temperature mineral oil can be flowed.
[0046] In some embodiments, an access of a heat containment
apparatus described herein window may have a cover. In some
embodiments, the cover for an access window may be an integral part
of the housing of a heat containment apparatus described herein. In
some embodiments, a cover for an access window may be removable,
movable, slideable, retractable, rollable, or the like. By way of
nonlimiting examples, a cover for an access window may be
configured like a lid, a hinged-door, a slideable-door, a shade, a
curtain, or any hybrid thereof. In some embodiments, a cover for an
access window may be electronically actuated, pneumatically
actuated, hydraulically actuated, fluid actuated, magnetically
actuated, and the like, or any combination thereof.
[0047] In some embodiments, a housing of a heat containment
apparatus described herein may be formed from housing materials
that comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of insulating
materials. Suitable insulating materials may include, but not be
limited to, ceramics (e.g., oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides,
and silicides that may be crystalline, non-crystalline, or
semi-crystalline), polymers, insulating metal composites, carbons,
nanocomposites, foams, fluids (e.g., air), any composite thereof,
or any combination thereof. Insulating materials for use in
conjunction with the present invention may include, but not be
limited to, materials in the form of beads, particulates, flakes,
fibers, wools, woven fabrics, bulked fabrics, sheets, bricks,
stones, blocks, cast shapes, molded shapes, foams, sprayed
insulation, and the like, any hybrid thereof, or any combination
thereof. Examples of suitable insulating materials for use in
conjunction with the present invention may include, but not be
limited to, ceramics, ceramic fibers, ceramic fabrics, ceramic
wools, ceramic beads, ceramic blocks, moldable ceramics, woven
ceramics, cast ceramics, fire bricks, carbon fibers, graphite
blocks, shaped graphite blocks, polymer beads, polymer fibers,
polymer fabrics, nanocomposites, fluids in a jacket, metal fabrics,
metal wools, metal castings, and the like, any composite thereof,
or any combination thereof.
[0048] In embodiments where a housing of a heat containment
apparatus described herein consists essentially of or consists of
insulating materials, the insulating materials may be capable of
forming self-supported structures. Such suitable insulating
materials may include, but not be limited to, ceramics, ceramic
fibers, ceramic blocks, moldable ceramics, woven ceramics, cast
ceramics, fire bricks, carbon fibers, graphite blocks, shaped
graphite blocks, nanocomposites, fluids in a jacket, metal fabrics,
metal wools, metal castings, insulating metal composites, and the
like, any composite thereof, or any combination thereof.
[0049] Suitable insulating materials for use in conjunction with a
heat containment apparatus may, in some embodiments, be capable of
maintaining a substrate placed therein at temperatures ranging from
a lower limit of about -200.degree. C. (-325.degree. F.),
-100.degree. C. (-150.degree. F.), 0.degree. C. (32.degree. F.),
150.degree. C. (300.degree. F.), 175.degree. C. (350.degree. F.),
260.degree. C. (500.degree. F.), 400.degree. C. (750.degree. F.),
480.degree. C. (900.degree. F.), or 535.degree. C. (1000.degree.
F.) to an upper limit of about 870.degree. C. (1600.degree. F.),
815.degree. C. (1500.degree. F.), 705.degree. C. (1300.degree. F.),
535.degree. C. (1000.degree. F.), 260.degree. C. (500.degree. F.),
0.degree. C. (32.degree. F.), or -100.degree. C. (-150.degree. F.),
wherein the temperature may range from any lower limit to any upper
limit and encompass any subset therebetween. Suitable insulating
materials for use in conjunction with a heat containment apparatus
may, in some embodiments, be able to withstand temperatures ranging
from a lower limit of about -200.degree. C. (-325.degree. F.),
-100.degree. C. (-150.degree. F.), 0.degree. C. (32.degree. F.),
150.degree. C. (300.degree. F.), 260.degree. C. (500.degree. F.),
400.degree. C. (750.degree. F.), or 535.degree. C. (1000.degree.
F.) to an upper limit of about 870.degree. C. (1600.degree. F.),
815.degree. C. (1500.degree. F.), 705.degree. C. (1300.degree. F.),
535.degree. C. (1000.degree. F.), 0.degree. C. (32.degree. F.), or
-100.degree. C. (-150.degree. F.), wherein the temperature may
range from any lower limit to any upper limit and encompass any
subset therebetween. One skilled in the art with the benefit of
this disclosure should understand the insulating material should be
appropriately chosen for the substrate temperature to be
maintained. By way of nonlimiting example, a housing formed with an
insulating material comprising a polymer may be better suited for
use with substrates that need be maintained between temperatures of
about 175.degree. C. (350.degree. F.) to about 260.degree. C.
(500.degree. F.). Whereas, housings formed with an insulating
material comprising ceramic bricks may be used with substrates that
need to be maintained at temperatures up to about 870.degree. C.
(1600.degree. F.).
[0050] In addition to the housing having an access window and the
insulating material, a heat containment apparatus of the present
invention may further comprise, consist essentially of, or consist
of one or more thermal elements configured to be in thermal
communication with a substrate disposed therein. In some
embodiments, a heat containment apparatus may comprise thermal
elements configured to move in and out of thermal communication
with a substrate disposed therein. Thermal elements may be heating
elements or cooling elements. In some embodiments, a heat
containment apparatus may comprise both heating elements and
cooling elements. In some embodiments, a heat containment apparatus
may comprise at least two zones where the first zone provides for a
substrate to be in thermal communication with thermal elements and
the second zone provides for the substrate to not be in thermal
communication with thermal elements, e.g. the heat containment
apparatus shown in FIG. 2.
[0051] Suitable heating elements for use in conjunction with a heat
containment apparatus may, in some embodiments, include, but not be
limited to, radiant heaters, electric heaters, infrared heaters,
induction heaters, heating bands, heated coils, burning materials,
heated fluids (flowing or static), exothermic chemical reactions,
nuclear reactions, or any combination thereof. Suitable
configuration for heating elements for use in conjunction with a
heat containment apparatus may, in some embodiments, include, but
not be limited to, coils, plates, strips, finned strips, and the
like, or any combination thereof. Suitable thermal elements for use
in conjunction with a heat containment apparatus described herein
may, in some embodiments, be capable of maintaining a substrate at
temperatures ranging from a lower limit of about 150.degree. C.
(300.degree. F.), 175.degree. C. (350.degree. F.), 260.degree. C.
(500.degree. F.), 400.degree. C. (750.degree. F.), 480.degree. C.
(900.degree. F.), or 535.degree. C. (1000.degree. F.) to an upper
limit of about 870.degree. C. (1600.degree. F.), 815.degree. C.
(1500.degree. F.), 705.degree. C. (1300.degree. F.), 535.degree. C.
(1000.degree. F.), 260.degree. C. (500.degree. F.), wherein the
temperature may range from any lower limit to any upper limit and
encompass any subset therebetween. In some embodiments, a substrate
may be electrically heated.
[0052] Suitable cooling elements for use in conjunction with a heat
containment apparatus may, in some embodiments, include, but not be
limited to, electric coolers, thermoelectric coolers, cooling
coils, cooled fluids (flowing or static), endothermic chemical
reactions, or any combination thereof. Suitable configuration for
cooling elements may include, but not be limited to, coils, plates,
strips, finned strips, and the like, or any combination thereof.
Suitable thermal elements for use in conjunction with a heat
containment apparatus may, in some embodiments, be capable of
maintaining a substrate at temperatures ranging from a lower limit
of about -200.degree. C. (-325.degree. F.), -100.degree. C.
(-150.degree. F.), -50.degree. C. (-60.degree. F.), or 0.degree. C.
(32.degree. F.), to an upper limit of about 0.degree. C.
(32.degree. F.), -50.degree. C. (-60.degree. F.), or -100.degree.
C. (-150.degree. F.), wherein the temperature may range from any
lower limit to any upper limit and encompass any subset
therebetween.
[0053] In some embodiments, thermal elements for use in conjunction
with a heat containment apparatus may, in some embodiments, be
relationally configured to be separated from a substrate disposed
within the heat containment apparatus by a distance ranging from a
lower limit of physical contact, about 0.1 cm (0.04 inches), about
0.2 cm (0.08 inches), about 0.5 cm (0.2 inches), about 1 cm (0.4
inches), or about 5.1 cm (2 inches) to an upper limit of about 25
cm (9.8 inches), 10 cm (3.9 inches), 5.1 cm (2 inches), 2.5 cm (1
inch), 2 cm (0.8 inches), 1.5 cm (0.6 inches), or 1 cm (0.4
inches), and wherein the distance may range from any lower limit to
any upper limit and encompass any subset therebetween. It should be
noted that when thermal contact is not desired, e.g., when thermal
elements are capable of moving in and out of thermal contact with a
substrate, the thermal elements may be configured to be more than
25 cm (9.8 inches) from the substrate.
[0054] In some embodiments, a housing of a heat containment
apparatus described herein may comprise an internal reflective
coating. Such a coating may be beneficial in maintaining elevated
and/or reduced temperatures within said housing. Suitable
reflective coatings may be adhered to and/or sprayed onto at least
a portion of the internal surface of the housing.
[0055] In some embodiments, a heat containment of a heat
containment apparatus described herein apparatus may comprise
features including, but not limited to, substrate holders,
bearings, sensors, cameras, viewing windows, lights, handles,
hooks, fluid ports, chimneys, vents, fluid handling devices, a
base, electromagnetic field generators, magnetic field generators,
tubings, and the like, or any combination thereof.
[0056] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more substrate holders to
secure a substrate therein. In some embodiments, substrate holders
may comprise threads, mandrels, pins, posts, and the like, or any
combination thereof.
[0057] Substrate holders of a heat containment apparatus described
herein may also be capable of moving relative to the access window.
Movement of the substrate may include, but not be limited to,
angularly (e.g., tilting), rotationally (e.g., spinning and
turning), vertically, laterally, and any combination thereof. In
some embodiments, substrate holders may comprise bearings, chucks,
turntables, positioners, lifts, rails, and the like, or any
combination thereof. By way of nonlimiting example, a substrate
holder may be a turntable within the housing that allows for the
substrate to rotate so that all surfaces of the substrate to be
treated can be accessed. By way of another nonlimiting example, a
substrate holder may be on rails that allow for the substrate to be
moved to different areas of the heat containment apparatus like
between areas with active heating and areas closer to the access
window. Further, in some embodiments, substrate holders may be
rotatable in one direction and the housing may be capable of
rotating in another direction.
[0058] Further, substrate holders of a heat containment apparatus
described herein may also be capable of maintaining a portion of
the substrate at a reduced temperature. By way of nonlimiting
example, a substrate holder for a drill bit may actively or
passively keep the threads of the drill bit at a temperature lower
than the portion of the drill bit to be treated, e.g., during a
brazing operation.
[0059] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more bearings (or the like) to
provide movement of the heat containment apparatus or a component
thereof (e.g., the housing).
[0060] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more sensors to provide
feedback as to the conditions within the heat containment apparatus
and/or on the substrate. Suitable sensors for use in conjunction
with a heat containment apparatus described herein may include, but
not be limited to, thermocouples, thermosensors (e.g., infrared
thermometer), gas sensors (e.g., carbon monoxide sensors), chemical
sensors (e.g., copper sensors), particulate sensors, magnetic field
sensors, and the like, or any combination thereof. Suitable
conditions to be measured may include, but not be limited to,
surface temperature for substrates (including at multiple points on
the surface), temperature of a portion of the housing, temperature
of the air within the housing, composition and/or concentration of
components within the gas in the housing, composition and/or
concentration of components within the gas being exhausted from the
housing, size of particulates suspended in the gas in the housing
and/or being exhausted from the housing, strength of a magnetic
field, or any combination thereof.
[0061] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more cameras to provide
multiple viewing angles of substrates within the heat containment
apparatus. Further, said cameras may be capable of recording (with
individual frames and/or continuously) the high temperature
operation performed within the heat containment apparatus. In some
embodiments, said camera may be capable of manipulation (e.g.,
changing angles and/or zoom) during a high temperature operation.
Suitable cameras may include, but not be limited to, optical
cameras, thermal imaging cameras, cameras capable of detecting at
least one wavelength from about ultraviolet light to about infrared
light, or any combination thereof.
[0062] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more viewing windows to
provide for multiple angles of viewing by one or more workers. It
should be noted that viewing windows may be placed anywhere in
relation to the access window. Further, viewing windows may be of
different sizes and/or shapes.
[0063] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more lights to provide
enhanced viewing of the substrate. Suitable lights may include, but
not be limited to, white lights, colored lights, and the like.
Lights may be mounted in any way known to one skilled in the art
including, but not limited to, integrated as part of the housing,
on or in a movable arm (e.g., a swivel arm or a snake-like device),
and the like. In some embodiments, lights may be used in the
operation of other features of the heat containment apparatus. By
way of nonlimiting example, a white light may be used in
conjunction with a camera or scanning device capable of providing
data as to the thickness of a surface coating being applied or
removed.
[0064] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more hooks and/or handles to
provide points of attachment for the heat containment apparatus. In
some embodiments, the points of attachment may be used in
conjunction with moving the heat containment apparatus or a
component thereof (like a cover). By way of nonlimiting example, a
heat containment apparatus may comprise a hook, or series of hooks,
that allows for operable connection to a crane such that the heat
containment apparatus may be lowered into position around a
substrate to undergo a high temperature operation.
[0065] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more fluid ports for actively
moving fluids (gases and/or liquid) into and out of the heat
containment apparatus. It should be noted that said fluids may
comprise particulates. By way of nonlimiting example, a fluid port
may be operably connected to a ventilation device to assist in the
removal of fumes and/or air borne particulates that may be
hazardous to workers. In some embodiments, fluid ports may be
capable of on-the-fly opening, closing, partially opening,
partially closing, and the like.
[0066] In some embodiments, fluid ports may be used in conjunction
with creating a controlled environment around at least a portion of
the substrate. Examples of controlled environments may include, but
not be limited to, inert gases, reactive gases, and the like. By
way of another nonlimiting example, a fluid port may be at the top
of a heat containment apparatus for introducing argon into the
housing to provide a controlled environment around at least a
portion of the substrate.
[0067] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more chimneys (or flues)
and/or vents to assist in directing fluid flow and heat dissipation
away from workers. Said direction may be passive or active.
[0068] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more fluid handling devices.
Fluid handling devices may be suitable for use in conjunction with
fluid insulating materials, fluid inlets, chimneys, vents, and the
like. Suitable fluid handling devices may include, but not be
limited to, dampers, fans, blowers, pumps, and the like.
[0069] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of a base to provide stability and/or
movement of the heat containment apparatus. By way of nonlimiting
example, a base may comprise bearings that allow for the heat
containment apparatus to move relative to the substrate disposed
therein.
[0070] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more electromagnetic field
generators for producing electromagnetic radiation with the heat
containment apparatus. The electromagnetic radiation may interact
with a portion of the substrate and/or an aspect of the high
temperature operation (e.g., a surface coating being applied or
removed). Suitable electromagnetic radiation to be produced may
include, but not be limited to, x-rays, near infrared light, and
microwaves. By way of nonlimiting example, a brazed substrate may
include within the braze a nanoparticle that produces heat when
exposed to microwaves. Removal of the braze may be enhanced by
exposing the braze to microwaves and radiant heat.
[0071] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more magnetic field
generators. In some embodiments, magnetic field generators may be
for generating magnetic fields about at least a portion of a
substrate and/or for use in conjunction with operations performed
within the heat containment apparatus. Magnetic fields may be
produced from any suitable source including, but not limited to,
electromagnets, permanent magnets, temporary magnets, and the like,
or any combination thereof. By way of nonlimiting example, a heat
containment apparatus may include a magnetic field across the
access window so as to attract and trap any small magnetic
particles produced during an operation, which may advantageously
reduce the potential exposure of workers to said particles. By way
of another nonlimiting example, an electromagnetic field may be
used in conjunction with heating a portion of a substrate via
induction heating while within the heat containment apparatus.
[0072] In some embodiments, in addition to the housing having an
access window and the insulating material, a heat containment
apparatus of the present invention may further comprise, consist
essentially of, or consist of one or more tubings. Tubings may be
for a plurality of uses including, but not limited to, in
conjunction with flowing fluids, inductive coils, maintaining
magnetic fields, and the like.
[0073] In some embodiments, a control system may be interfaced with
a component of a heat containment apparatus. As used herein, the
term "control system" refers to a system that can operate to
receive and send electronic signals and may include functions of
interfacing with a user, providing data readouts, collecting data,
storing data, changing variable setpoints, maintaining setpoints,
providing notifications of failures, and any combination thereof.
Suitable control mechanisms may include, but are not limited to,
variable transformers, ohmmeters, programmable logic controllers,
digital logic circuits, electrical relays, computers, virtual
reality systems, and any combination thereof. Suitable heat
containment apparatus components that may be operably connected to
a control system may include, but not be limited to, movable
components (like movable covers, movable walls, and sizable access
windows), heaters, sensors, cameras, lights, fluid handling
devices, a base (including a movable base), substrate holders
(including movable substrate holders), electromagnetic field
generators, and the like, or any combination thereof. It should be
noted that a heat containment apparatus may have more than one
control system that can interface with any number of heat
containment apparatus components. Nonlimiting examples of control
systems may include heat temperatures setpoint and readout
interfaces for heaters, a plurality of temperature and gas sensors
connected to a single readout panel, and a camera connected to a
computer running a program to provide the thickness of a coating
being applied.
[0074] In some embodiments, a system may comprise a heat
containment apparatus according to any embodiment described herein.
In some embodiments, features and components of a heat containment
apparatus described above may be features and components of a
system including, but not limited to, sensors, cameras, lights,
fluid handling devices, substrate holders, electromagnetic field
generators, control systems, and the like, or any combination
thereof. It should be noted that the distinction between features
and components being part of a heat containment apparatus and a
system is that as a part of a heat containment apparatus features
and components are integral with the housing.
[0075] In some embodiments, additional features and components of a
system may include, but not be limited to, ventilation elements and
manipulators.
[0076] Suitable ventilation elements may include, but not be
limited to, vent hoods, vacuums, fans, and the like, or any
combination thereof.
[0077] Suitable manipulators may include, but not be limited to,
cranes, hooks, swivel arms, mandrels, lifts, tool balancers,
turntables, fluid powered cylinders (e.g., pneumatic or hydraulic
including those using ferrofluids), fluid powered actuators (e.g.,
pneumatic or hydraulic including those using ferrofluids),
electrical actuators, motors, and the like, or any combination
thereof. Manipulators may be capable of operably connecting to
housings, features and components of housings (like hooks and
handles) and/or substrate holders. By way of nonlimiting example, a
housing comprising a hook may be operably connected to a crane for
raising and lowering over a substrate. By way of another
nonlimiting example, a substrate holder may be operably connected
to a lift capable of raising and lowering a substrate into a
housing. By way of another nonlimiting example, a system may
include swivel arms for moving a substrate from a heated area, like
a kiln, to a heat containment apparatus.
[0078] In some embodiments, a heat containment apparatus and/or a
system may be used when performing operations. In some embodiments,
more than one operation may be performed on at least a portion of a
substrate while utilizing a heat containment apparatus and/or
system according to any embodiment described herein. Some
embodiments may involve performing six or more operations on a
substrate. Said operations may include both high temperature
operations and low temperature operations.
[0079] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
heating and/or cooling a substrate while in a heat containment
apparatus according to any embodiment described herein. Some
embodiments may involve manipulating a substrate during an
operation. Some embodiments may involve moving a substrate through
a heat containment apparatus (e.g., the housing) and/or the system
while performing an operation. Some embodiments may involve moving
a substrate between zones of a heat containment apparatus and/or
system, e.g., moving into and out of thermal communication with a
thermal element of the heat containment apparatus and/or
system.
[0080] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
heating and/or cooling at least a portion of a substrate to a
temperature ranging from a lower limit of about -200.degree. C.
(-325.degree. F.), -100.degree. C. (-150.degree. F.), 0.degree. C.
(32.degree. F.), 150.degree. C. (300.degree. F.), 175.degree. C.
(350.degree. F.), 260.degree. C. (500.degree. F.), 400.degree. C.
(750.degree. F.), 480.degree. C. (900.degree. F.), or 535.degree.
C. (1000.degree. F.) to an upper limit of about 870.degree. C.
(1600.degree. F.), 815.degree. C. (1500.degree. F.), 705.degree. C.
(1300.degree. F.), 535.degree. C. (1000.degree. F.), 260.degree. C.
(500.degree. F.), 0.degree. C. (32.degree. F.), or -100.degree. C.
(-150.degree. F.), wherein the temperature may range from any lower
limit to any upper limit and encompass any subset therebetween.
Some embodiments of the present invention may involve heating
and/or cooling at least a portion of a substrate to an effective
temperature to contract or expand the substrate by a desired
amount. By way of nonlimiting example, a pipe may be cooled with
liquid nitrogen in a heat containment apparatus thereby reducing
the diameter of the pipe. Then the cooled pipe may be placed inside
a sleeve such that when the pipe returns to room temperature the
sleeve and pipe are substantially inseparable. To achieve the same
result in another nonlimiting example, the sleeve may be heated in
a heat containment apparatus so as to increase the inner diameter
of the sleeve so that the pipe will fit into the sleeve. Similar to
the previous example, once cooled the sleeve and pipe are
substantially inseparable.
[0081] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
placing at least a portion of a substrate into the heat containment
apparatus. Some embodiments may involve placing at least a portion
of a substrate into the heat containment apparatus while the
substrate is at an elevated or reduced temperature. It should be
noted that placing at least a portion of a substrate into a heat
containment apparatus includes placing the heat containment
apparatus about at least a portion of the substrate without moving
the substrate.
[0082] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
heating at least a portion of a substrate to a first temperature;
placing the portion of the substrate in a heat containment
apparatus according to any embodiment described herein; maintaining
a first section of the portion of the substrate above a second
temperature; and performing a first high temperature operation on
the first section of the portion of the substrate while the portion
of the substrate is substantially within the heat containment
apparatus. In some embodiments, heating may occur in the heat
containment apparatus. In some embodiments, the second temperature
may be warmer or cooler than (i.e., within) the first temperature
by about 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80%.
[0083] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
heating at least a portion of a substrate to a first temperature;
placing the portion of the substrate in a heat containment
apparatus according to any embodiment described herein; maintaining
a first section of the portion of the substrate above a second
temperature; performing a first high temperature operation on the
first section of the portion of the substrate while the portion of
the substrate is substantially within the heat containment
apparatus; maintaining a second section of the portion of the
substrate above a third temperature; and performing a second high
temperature operation on the second section of the portion of the
substrate while the portion of the substrate is substantially
within the heat containment apparatus. In some embodiments, heating
may occur in the heat containment apparatus. In some embodiments,
the second temperature may be warmer or cooler than the first
temperature by about 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80%. In some embodiments,
the third temperature may be warmer or cooler than the second
temperature by about 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80%. In some embodiments,
the third temperature may be higher than the second temperature. In
some embodiments, similar methods may extend to third, fourth, and
so on high temperature operations.
[0084] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
cooling at least a portion of a substrate to a first temperature;
placing the portion of the substrate in a heat containment
apparatus according to any embodiment described herein; maintaining
a first section of the portion of the substrate below a second
temperature; and performing a first low temperature operation on
the first section of the portion of the substrate while the portion
of the substrate is substantially within the heat containment
apparatus. In some embodiments, cooling may occur in the heat
containment apparatus. In some embodiments, the second temperature
may be warmer or cooler than the first temperature by about 50%,
60%, 70%, or 80%.
[0085] Some embodiments of the present invention may involve
cooling at least a portion of a substrate to a first temperature;
placing the portion of the substrate in a heat containment
apparatus according to any embodiment described herein; maintaining
a first section of the portion of the substrate below a second
temperature; performing a first low temperature operation on the
first section of the portion of the substrate while the portion of
the substrate is substantially within the heat containment
apparatus; maintaining a second section of the portion of the
substrate below a third temperature; and performing a second low
temperature operation on the second section of the portion of the
substrate while the portion of the substrate is substantially
within the heat containment apparatus. In some embodiments of the
present invention, cooling may occur in the heat containment
apparatus. In some embodiments of the present invention, the second
temperature may be warmer or cooler than the first temperature by
about 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80%. In some embodiments, the third
temperature may be warmer or cooler than the second temperature by
about 50%, 60%, 70%, or 80%. In some embodiments, the third
temperature may be less than the second temperature. In some
embodiments, similar methods may extend to third, fourth, and so on
low temperature operations.
[0086] In some embodiments, sections (first, second, third, and so
on) of the portion of the substrate may be the same section. In
some embodiments, sections (first, second, third, and so on) of the
portion of the substrate may overlap, substantially overlap, not
overlap, or any combination thereof. By way of nonlimiting example,
a substrate may be a rotary cone drill bit where a first section
may be a cutting element, a second section may be a cutter, and a
third section may be the area (or volume) at and near the interface
between the cutting element and the cutter. By way of another
nonlimiting example, a substrate may be a fixed cutter drill bit
with a first section being the cutting elements and a second
section being the surface of the fixed cutter drill bit excluding
the threads.
[0087] In some embodiments, a heat containment apparatus may
include a housing having an access window, the housing being
formed, at least in part, of an insulating material.
[0088] In other embodiments, a heat containment apparatus includes
a housing being an expandable structure having an access window,
the housing including an insulating material.
[0089] In still other embodiments, the present invention provides a
heat containment apparatus that includes a housing with a heating
element, an insulating material, and an access window.
[0090] In some embodiments, the present invention provides a heat
containment apparatus that includes a housing with an insulating
material, an access window, and at least one selected from the
group of a chimney, a removable access gap cover, a slideable
access gap cover, a hinged access gap cover, a viewing window, a
longitudinally expandable wall, a radially expandable wall, a
hinged wall, a handle, a fluid port, a heating element, a fluid
jacket, a reduced pressure container, a substrate holder, a base,
or any combination thereof.
[0091] In other embodiments, the present invention provides a
system that includes a heat containment apparatus with a housing
having an access window, the housing being formed, at least in
part, of an insulating material; a substrate holder capable of
maintaining a substrate within the heat containment apparatus; and
a ventilation element in fluid communication with the heat
containment apparatus.
[0092] In still other embodiments, the present invention provides a
method that includes heating at least a portion of a substrate to a
first temperature; placing the portion of the substrate in a heat
containment apparatus that includes a housing having an access
window, the housing being formed, at least in part, of an
insulating material; maintaining a first section of the portion of
the substrate above a second temperature that is within about 50%
of the first temperature; and performing a first high temperature
operation on the first section of the portion of the substrate
while the portion of the substrate is substantially within the heat
containment apparatus.
[0093] Therefore, the present invention is well adapted to attain
the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those that are
inherent therein. The particular embodiments disclosed above are
illustrative only, as the present invention may be modified and
practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those
skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein.
Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of
construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the
claims below. It is therefore evident that the particular
illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered, combined,
or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope
and spirit of the present invention. The invention illustratively
disclosed herein suitably may be practiced in the absence of any
element that is not specifically disclosed herein and/or any
optional element disclosed herein. While compositions and methods
are described in terms of "comprising," "containing," or
"including" various components or steps, the compositions and
methods can also "consist essentially of" or "consist of" the
various components and steps. All numbers and ranges disclosed
above may vary by some amount. Whenever a numerical range with a
lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any
included range falling within the range is specifically disclosed.
In particular, every range of values (of the form, "from about a to
about b," or, equivalently, "from approximately a to b," or,
equivalently, "from approximately a-b") disclosed herein is to be
understood to set forth every number and range encompassed within
the broader range of values. Also, the terms in the claims have
their plain, ordinary meaning unless otherwise explicitly and
clearly defined by the patentee. Moreover, the indefinite articles
"a" or "an," as used in the claims, are defined herein to mean one
or more than one of the element that it introduces. If there is any
conflict in the usages of a word or term in this specification and
one or more patent or other documents that may be incorporated
herein by reference, the definitions that are consistent with this
specification should be adopted.
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