U.S. patent application number 13/540039 was filed with the patent office on 2013-07-04 for ceiling or wall element with a heating or cooling register.
This patent application is currently assigned to SGL CARBON SE. The applicant listed for this patent is WERNER GUCKERT, THOMAS HEINDL, CHRISTIAN KIPFELSBERGER, ROBERT MICHELS, SIEGFRIED RAUCH. Invention is credited to WERNER GUCKERT, THOMAS HEINDL, CHRISTIAN KIPFELSBERGER, ROBERT MICHELS, SIEGFRIED RAUCH.
Application Number | 20130168040 13/540039 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43901403 |
Filed Date | 2013-07-04 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130168040 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
GUCKERT; WERNER ; et
al. |
July 4, 2013 |
CEILING OR WALL ELEMENT WITH A HEATING OR COOLING REGISTER
Abstract
A ceiling or wall element for fixing to a ceiling or a wall is
provided with a frame that has a base plate which can be fixed to
the ceiling and/or to the wall. A heating or cooling register is
arranged in or on the frame. A non-woven fabric and a perforated
graphite film are disposed between the base plate of the frame and
the heating or cooling register.
Inventors: |
GUCKERT; WERNER; (Baar,
DE) ; KIPFELSBERGER; CHRISTIAN; (Naila, DE) ;
RAUCH; SIEGFRIED; (Gersthofen, DE) ; HEINDL;
THOMAS; (Ehingen, DE) ; MICHELS; ROBERT;
(Thierhaupten, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
GUCKERT; WERNER
KIPFELSBERGER; CHRISTIAN
RAUCH; SIEGFRIED
HEINDL; THOMAS
MICHELS; ROBERT |
Baar
Naila
Gersthofen
Ehingen
Thierhaupten |
|
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
SGL CARBON SE
Wiesbaden
DE
|
Family ID: |
43901403 |
Appl. No.: |
13/540039 |
Filed: |
July 2, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
PCT/EP2010/070977 |
Dec 31, 2010 |
|
|
|
13540039 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
165/49 ;
165/53 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24D 2220/006 20130101;
Y02B 30/00 20130101; Y02B 30/24 20130101; F24D 3/165 20130101; F24F
5/0092 20130101; F24F 13/24 20130101; F24D 3/16 20130101; F24D 3/14
20130101; F24F 5/0089 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
165/49 ;
165/53 |
International
Class: |
F24D 3/16 20060101
F24D003/16; F24F 5/00 20060101 F24F005/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 31, 2009 |
DE |
102009055440.8 |
Dec 31, 2009 |
DE |
102009055441.6 |
Dec 31, 2009 |
DE |
102009055442.4 |
Dec 31, 2009 |
DE |
102009055443.2 |
Dec 31, 2009 |
DE |
102009055444.0 |
Sep 20, 2010 |
DE |
102010041085.3 |
Claims
1. A ceiling or wall element for fixing to a ceiling or a wall, the
ceiling or wall element comprising: a frame with a base plate to be
affixed to the ceiling or the wall; a heating or cooling register
disposed in said frame; and a non-woven fabric and a perforated
graphite film disposed between said base plate of said frame and
said heating or cooling register.
2. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
graphite film comprises a film made of expanded graphite having a
perforation.
3. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
graphite film has a hole fraction of between 5% and 20% per unit
area.
4. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
frame is made of a thermally conductive material selected from the
group consisting of a metal sheet and a graphite-modified composite
material.
5. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
non-woven fabric comprises a glass fiber non-woven or a carbon
fiber non-woven.
6. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
non-woven fabric comprises a carbon fiber non-woven calendered onto
said perforated graphite film.
7. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
heating or cooling register comprises a fixing profile and heating
or cooling pipes affixed thereto, and said perforated graphite film
is in thermal contact with a fixing profile.
8. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
heating or cooling register comprises a lightweight panel of
expanded graphite having heating or cooling pipes embedded
therein.
9. A ceiling or wall element for fixing to a ceiling or a wall, the
ceiling or wall element comprising: a frame with a base to be
affixed to the ceiling or the wall; and a non-woven fabric and a
graphite film disposed on said base of said frame.
10. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 9, wherein said
graphite film is a perforated graphite film with a hole fraction of
between 5% and 20% per unit area.
11. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 9, wherein said
graphite film is a film made of expanded graphite.
12. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 9, wherein said
frame is made of a thermally conductive material selected from the
group consisting of a metal sheet and a graphite-modified composite
element.
13. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 9, wherein said
non-woven fabric comprises a glass fiber non-woven or a carbon
fiber non-woven calendered onto said perforated graphite film.
14. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 9, wherein said
heating or cooling register comprises a fixing profile and heating
or cooling pipes affixed thereto.
15. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 14, wherein said
fixing profile is made of a heat-conductive material and said
perforated graphite film is in thermal contact with said fixing
profile.
16. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 9, wherein said
heating or cooling register comprises a lightweight panel of
expanded graphite having heating or cooling pipes embedded
therein.
17. A ceiling or wall element for fixing to a thermally activatable
concrete wall or concrete ceiling, the ceiling or wall element
comprising: a frame with a base plate to be affixed to the ceiling
or the wall; a non-woven fabric and a perforated graphite film and
a lightweight panel of expanded graphite disposed between said base
plate of said frame and the wall or ceiling.
18. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 44, which
comprises a lightweight panel of expanded graphite disposed on said
graphite film.
19. A thermally activatable concrete wall or concrete ceiling
assembly, comprising: pipelines for conducting a heating or cooling
fluid extending through a concrete wall or concrete ceiling, and a
plurality of ceiling or wall elements according to claim 1 disposed
mutually adjacent one another and affixed on a surface of said
concrete wall or concrete ceiling.
20. The thermally activatable concrete wall or concrete ceiling
assembly according to claim 46, wherein said ceiling or wall
elements contain a lightweight panel made of expanded graphite, and
wherein a thermal coupling between the surface of said wall or
ceiling and said wall or ceiling element is formed extensively over
an entire principal surface of each said graphite lightweight
panel.
21. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 20, wherein said
non-woven material and said graphite film are connected to form a
composite material.
22. The ceiling or wall element according to claim 1, wherein said
graphite film comprises a film of expanded graphite with a
perforation and said perforated graphite film has a hole fraction
of more than 20% per unit area.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a continuation, under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.120, of copending international application No.
PCT/EP2010/070977, filed Dec. 31, 2010, which designated the United
States; this application also claims the priority, under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.119, of German patent application Nos. DE 10 2009 055 441.6,
DE 10 2009 055 442.4, DE 10 2009 055 443.2; DE 10 2009 055 444.0;
DE 10 2009 055 440.8, each filed on Dec. 31, 2009; and DE 10 2010
041 085.3, filed on Sep. 20, 2010; the prior applications are
herewith incorporated by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
[0002] The invention relates to a ceiling or wall element for
fixing to a ceiling or a wall, the ceiling or wall element having a
frame with a base plate which can be affixed to the ceiling or the
wall, in which a heating or cooling register is disposed. The
invention also pertains to the utilization of a composite material
consisting of a non-woven fabric and a graphite film as a ceiling
or wall element. The invention further relates to a thermally
activatable concrete wall or concrete ceiling to which such ceiling
or wall elements are affixed.
[0003] Ceiling or wall elements which have a frame with a base
plate which can be fixed to the ceiling or the wall and a heating
or cooling register arranged in the frame are already known from
the prior art. Known from DE 20 2007 010 215 U1 for example is a
wall or ceiling cladding with a heating or cooling register in the
form of pipes which are fixed to heat conducting profiles. The heat
conducting profiles rest on a rear side of a cladding surface
formed by cladding panels. The cladding panels are fixed to
supporting rails having a U-shaped cross-section. The supporting
rails and the cladding panels fastened thereon thus form a frame
which can be fixed to a ceiling or wall with a base formed by the
cladding panels. The heat conducting profiles are arranged in the
interior of this frame and abut against the cladding panels. The
heat conducting profiles and the pipes fixed thereon form the
heating or cooling register. In order to produce good heating
conducting contact between the pipes and the cladding surface,
binders are provided transversely to the elongate heat conducting
profiles which hold at least two adjacent heat conducting profiles
on the cladding panel under spring tension.
[0004] The heat conducting profiles have an approximately
semicircular shoulder on their rear side in which the pipes are
arranged. The pipes have heating or cooling medium such as hot or
cold water, for example, flowing through them depending on the
intended application as a heating or cooling line. The heat
conducting profiles are usually made of metal, for example, made of
aluminum. The cladding panels can, for example, comprise
plasterboard panels.
[0005] In such wall or ceiling claddings the efficiency of the heat
or cold transmission from the wall or ceiling claddings to the room
is very low. This is on the one hand due to the intermediate spaced
between the adjacent heat conducting profiles. These intermediate
spaces act like an insulating layer and prevent a uniform
dissipation of the heat flow over the surface of the wall or
ceiling claddings facing the room. On the other hand, the heat or
cold transmission from the heating or cooling lines to the cladding
panels is very inefficient because the cladding panels comprise
poor heat conductors.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a
ceiling or wall element which overcomes the above-mentioned
disadvantages of the heretofore-known devices and methods of this
general type and which provides for a ceiling or wall element so
that efficient heat transmission can be ensured between the heating
or cooling register and the room to be heated or cooled.
Furthermore, the ceiling or wall element should have good sound
absorption.
[0007] With the foregoing and other objects in view there is
provided, in accordance with the invention, a ceiling or wall
element for fixing to a ceiling or a wall. The ceiling or wall
element comprising:
[0008] a frame with a base plate to be affixed to the ceiling or
the wall;
[0009] a heating or cooling register disposed in said frame;
and
[0010] a non-woven fabric and a perforated graphite film disposed
between said base plate of said frame and said heating or cooling
register.
[0011] With the above and other objects in view there is also
provided, in accordance with the invention, a ceiling or wall
element for fixing to a ceiling or a wall, the ceiling or wall
element comprising a frame with a base to be affixed to the ceiling
or the wall; and a non-woven fabric and a graphite film disposed on
said base of said frame.
[0012] In accordance with an added feature of the invention, the
graphite film comprises a film made of expanded graphite having a
perforation. In a preferred embodiment, the graphite film has a
hole fraction of between 5% and 20% per unit area, or it has a
perforation with a hole fraction greater than 20%.
[0013] In accordance with an additional feature of the invention,
the frame is made of a thermally conductive material, such as metal
sheet or a graphite-modified composite material.
[0014] In accordance with another feature of the invention, the
non-woven fabric comprises a glass fiber non-woven or a carbon
fiber non-woven. In a preferred embodiment, the non-woven fabric
comprises a carbon fiber non-woven calendered onto the (perforated)
graphite film.
[0015] In accordance with a further feature of the invention, the
heating or cooling register comprises a fixing profile and heating
or cooling pipes affixed thereto, and the perforated graphite film
is in thermal contact with a fixing profile.
[0016] In accordance with yet a further feature of the invention,
the heating or cooling register comprises a lightweight panel of
expanded graphite having heating or cooling pipes embedded
therein.
[0017] With the above and other objects in view there is also
provided, in accordance with the invention, ceiling or wall element
for fixing to a thermally activatable concrete wall or concrete
ceiling, the ceiling or wall element comprising a frame with a base
plate to be affixed to the ceiling or the wall; and a non-woven
fabric and a perforated graphite film and a lightweight panel of
expanded graphite disposed between said base plate of said frame
and the wall or ceiling. The expression "activatable" in the
context means that the temperature of the object (i.e., the
concrete wall, ceiling) may be actively controlled. This is
typically done by way of heat exchange with a heat exchange
fluid.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the invention there is provided
a thermally activatable concrete wall or concrete ceiling assembly,
comprising: pipelines for conducting a heating or cooling fluid
extending through a concrete wall or concrete ceiling, and a
plurality of ceiling or wall elements as summarized above disposed
mutually adjacent one another and affixed on a surface of said
concrete wall or concrete ceiling.
[0019] The ceiling or wall elements advantageously include a
lightweight panel made of expanded graphite, and a thermal coupling
between the surface of the wall or ceiling and the wall or ceiling
element is formed extensively over an entire principal surface of
each graphite lightweight panel.
[0020] In other words, a ceiling or wall element which has a frame
with a base which can be fixed to a ceiling or a wall, in which a
heating or cooling register is disposed, further includes a
non-woven fabric and a perforated graphite film disposed between
the base of the frame and the heating or cooling register. The
non-woven fabric preferably comprises a carbon fiber non-woven.
However, it can also comprise a glass fiber non-woven. The carbon
fiber non-woven has a higher thermal conductivity than a glass
fiber non-woven but is more expensive. The non-woven brings about
good sound absorption of the ceiling or wall element. The graphite
film preferably comprises a film of expanded graphite which is
provided with a perforation. The perforated graphite film ensures
good thermal contact between the heating or cooling register and
the base plate of the ceiling or wall element. The base of the
ceiling or wall element is preferably made of a thermally
conductive material, in particular of a metal sheet or a
graphite-modified panel such as a graphite-modified plasterboard
panel. The frame is preferably formed as a cassette, where at least
the base is made of a punched metal sheet or metal sheet provided
with a perforation. The punching or the perforation in the base
combined with the non-woven fabric resting on the base in the
interior of the frame ensures good sound absorption.
[0021] The non-woven fabric and the perforated graphite film
disposed thereon preferably comprises a composite which can be
produced by calendering. Such a composite can particularly
expediently be made from a carbon fiber non-woven and a graphite
film made of expanded graphite. The production of expanded graphite
(so-called expanded graphite) is known, inter alia, from U.S. Pat.
No. 3,404,061. In order to produce expanded graphite, graphite
intercalation compounds or graphite salts such as, for example,
graphite hydrogen sulfate or graphite nitrate are heated in a shock
manner. The volume of the graphite particles is thereby increased
by a factor of about 200-400 and at the same time the bulk density
decreases to values of 2-20 g/l. The expanded graphite thus
obtained consists of worm- or concertina-shaped aggregates. If
completely expanded graphite is compacted under the directional
action of pressure, the layer planes of the graphite are preferably
arranged perpendicular to the direction of action of the pressure,
where the individual aggregates become entangled. In this way,
self-supporting surface structures such as, for example, webs,
plates or molded bodies can be produced from expanded graphite.
Thin films (having thicknesses in the range of 50 .mu.m to 3 mm)
can be produced by pressing or rolling webs of expanded graphite.
When calendering a film of expanded graphite thus produced with a
carbon fiber non-woven, the carbon fibers of the non-woven surface
and the surface of the graphite film become entangled so that a
firm and non-detachable composite is formed between the carbon
fiber non-woven and the graphite film.
[0022] Perforation of the graphite film increases its flexibility
and thereby facilitates the handling of the film. Since graphite is
a brittle material, there is a risk that the film will tear or
break when handling thin films of expanded graphite. This risk can
be reduced significantly by the perforation of the graphite
film.
[0023] The heating or cooling register can comprises heating or
cooling lines fixed to heat conducting profiles. In order to ensure
good thermal contact between the heating or cooling register and
the base of the frame, the base is in thermal contact with the heat
conducting profiles via the composite comprising the non-woven
fabric and the perforated graphite film.
[0024] The heating or cooling register can also comprise a
lightweight panel of expanded graphite in which heating or cooling
lines are embedded. In this exemplary embodiment the surface of the
graphite lightweight panel is preferably in thermal contact with
the perforated graphite film over its entire principal area. Good
thermal contact between the heating or cooling lines and the base
of the frame is made in this way via the good heat-conducting
composite comprising the perforated graphite film and the non-woven
fabric. The heat (or cold) carried in the heating or cooling lines
can be distributed very efficiently and uniformly over the entire
surface of the ceiling or wall element in the room in which the
ceiling or wall element is located. The surface of the graphite
lightweight panel opposite the graphite film is preferably in
thermal contact over its entire principal surface with the surface
of the wall or the ceiling to which the ceiling or wall element is
fixed. As a result of this thermal contact, the heat coming from
the heating or cooling lines can be released partially via the
graphite lightweight panel to the wall or ceiling so that the mass
of the wall or ceiling can be used as a thermal accumulator for a
delayed release of heat.
[0025] So-called concrete core activation systems are known from
the prior art for the air conditioning of rooms having concrete
ceilings or concrete walls. In these systems pipes carrying heating
or cooling media are mounted in, below or on the concrete ceiling
or the concrete wall. By storing the heating or cooling energy in
the concrete mass of the ceiling or the walls and a time-delayed
delivery of the stored heating or cooling energy, an
energy-efficient air conditioning of the rooms can be achieved.
Thus, for example, at night a cooling fluid (for example, water) is
cooled and passed through the pipes in a concrete core activated
ceiling or wall, whereby the ceiling or the wall is slowly cooled.
The cooling energy stored in the concrete ceiling or wall can then
be released into the room during the day in particular in the warm
summer months, to slowly lower the room temperature in the
room.
[0026] For the cladding of such thermally activatable concrete
ceilings or walls, the invention provides a ceiling or wall element
comprising a frame with a base which can be fixed to the wall or
the ceiling, where a non-woven fabric and a perforated graphite
film are provided between the base of the frame and the wall or the
ceiling. In this exemplary embodiment a lightweight panel of
expanded graphite is preferably additionally provided between the
graphite film and the wall.
[0027] In this exemplary embodiment of the invention the non-woven
ensures good sound absorption of the ceiling or wall element. Good
thermal contact between the thermally activatable wall or ceiling
and the base of the frame is ensured by means of the perforated
graphite film and graphite lightweight panel provided between the
graphite film and the wall or ceiling surface. This provides
efficient heat transmission between the thermally activatable wall
or ceiling and the room.
[0028] Other features which are considered as characteristic for
the invention are set forth in the appended claims.
[0029] Although the invention is illustrated and described herein
as embodied in a ceiling or wall element with a heating or cooling
register, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to the
details shown, since various modifications and structural changes
may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the
invention and within the scope and range of equivalents of the
claims.
[0030] The construction and method of operation of the invention,
however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof
will be best understood from the following description of specific
embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
[0031] FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a
ceiling or wall element according to the invention with a frame in
which a heating or cooling register is arranged;
[0032] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an alternative embodiment
of a ceiling or wall element according to the invention with a
frame and a heating or cooling register arranged therein;
[0033] FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a ceiling or wall element
arranged on a thermally activatable ceiling or wall.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0034] Referring now more specifically to the drawing figures, the
exemplary embodiments of the invention described hereinafter are
illustrated by reference to the use of ceiling or wall elements
according to the invention for fixing to a ceiling 5 extending in
the horizontal plane. We therefore talk of ceiling elements in each
case. The ceiling or wall elements according to the invention can
however also be used in a corresponding manner for fixing to a
vertical wall. In the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings
the same or corresponding parts are provided with the same
reference numbers.
[0035] Insofar as thermally activatable concrete ceilings or walls
are mentioned, this is understood as concrete ceilings or walls in
which pipes are laid for the passage of a heating or cooling
medium. These pipes are used for the thermal activation of the
ceiling or the wall.
[0036] FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a ceiling
element 10 according to the invention for fixing to a ceiling,
where the ceiling element 10 has a frame 2 which can be fixed to a
ceiling 5.
[0037] The frame 2 comprises a base formed by a base plate 2a and
side walls 2b disposed thereon or formed integrally with the base
plate 2a. A fixing flange 2c is formed on the upper edge of the
side walls 2b by which means the frame 2 can be fixed to the
ceiling, in particular can be screwed thereon. The frame 2 is
preferably formed in a cassette shape with four side walls 2b
arranged circumferentially around the base plate 2a. The frame 2 is
preferably made of metal, in particular from a metal sheet. The
base plate 2a is provided with a perforation. The holes of the
perforation in the base plate 2a ensure that sound waves can
penetrate into the frame 2 and can be damped there.
[0038] A heating or cooling register 9 is arranged in the
cassette-shaped frame 2. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
1, the heating or cooling register 9 comprises a plurality of
fixing profiles 11 arranged next to one another and parallel to one
another, which are formed in a strip shape and fabricated from a
heat-conductive material, in particular a metal. The fixing
profiles 11 preferably comprise aluminum profiles. Heating or
cooling lines 12 (hereinafter designated as pipes) are fixed to the
fixing profiles 11. The pipes 12 can, for example, be engaged
positively or non-positively in semicircular receiving tabs on the
upper side of the fixing profiles 11. Other possibilities for
fastening are, however, also feasible such as, for example, a
fixing by means of pipe clips or similar.
[0039] The fixing profiles 11 are disposed on a perforated graphite
film in thermal contact with the graphite film 1. Expediently, the
underside of each fixing profile 11 is adhesively bonded to the
graphite film 1 by means of a thermally conducting adhesive. A
non-woven fabric 3 is disposed between the perforated graphite film
1 and the inner surface of the base plate 2a. The non-woven fabric
3 can comprises a glass fiber non-woven or preferably a carbon
fiber non-woven. The non-woven 3 is adhesively bonded to the inner
surface of the base plate 2a by means of a thermally conducting
adhesive.
[0040] The non-woven fabric 3 and the perforated graphite film 1
expediently comprise a composite material. A composite produced by
calendering from a carbon fiber non-woven 3 and the perforated
graphite film 1 is particularly suitable.
[0041] The graphite film 1 expediently comprises a thin film of
expanded graphite with a perforation. A hole fraction of 5% to 20%
ensures good handling of the perforated graphite film 1 and
prevents breaking or tearing of the graphite film.
[0042] FIG. 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of a ceiling or
wall element according to the invention which has a heating or
cooling register 9 arranged in the frame 2. Unlike in the exemplary
embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the heating or cooling register 9 is
here formed by a lightweight panel 13 of expanded graphite in which
heating and cooling lines 12 are embedded. The underside of the
lightweight plate 13 is in thermal contact with the surface of the
perforated graphite film 1. A non-woven fabric, in particular a
glass fiber or a carbon fiber non-woven is again arranged between
the perforated graphite film 1 and the base plate 2a of the frame
2. As in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, the non-woven fabric 3
and the perforated graphite film 1 expediently comprises a
non-detachable composite of a carbon fiber non-woven and a film of
expanded graphite provided with a perforation. In order to ensure
the best possible thermal contact between the upper side 15 of the
graphite lightweight panel 13 and the surface 14 of the ceiling 5,
the upper side 15 of the graphite lightweight plate 13 is
adhesively bonded to the ceiling surface 14 with a thermal adhesive
4.
[0043] In both exemplary embodiments the non-woven expediently has
a thickness of 50 .mu.m to 3 mm and the thickness of the perforated
graphite film is preferably between 200 .mu.m and 3 mm.
[0044] FIG. 3 shows a ceiling element 10 fixed to a thermally
activatable concrete ceiling 5. Pipes 7 through which a heating or
cooling medium can be passed for thermal activation of the ceiling
5 run in the concrete ceiling. The ceiling element 10 has a frame 2
which, as in the two previous exemplary embodiments, comprises a
base plate 2a and at least two side walls 2b. As in the two
previous exemplary embodiments, the frame 2 is expediently
cassette-shaped with a base plate 2a and four peripheral side walls
2b. The frame 2 is made of a metal sheet and the base plate 2a has
a perforation which ensures that sound waves can enter into the
frame interior and be absorbed there.
[0045] A non-woven fabric 3 lying on the base plate 2a and
preferably glued thereon and a perforated graphite film 1 located
thereon is again disposed in the interior of the cassette-shaped
frame 2. The non-woven fabric 3 and the perforated graphite film 1
expediently again comprise a carbon fiber non-woven and a film of
expanded graphite. A lightweight panel 13 of expanded graphite is
disposed on the graphite film 1 in flat and thermal contact
therewith.
[0046] For fixing the ceiling element 10 on the thermally
activatable concrete ceiling 5, the frame 2 is fixed in a known
manner to the surface 14 of the ceiling 5, for example, by
screwing. In order to ensure the best possible thermal contact
between the upper side 15 of the graphite lightweight panel 13 and
the surface 14 of the ceiling 5, the upper side 15 of the graphite
lightweight panel 13 is glued to the ceiling surface 14 with a
thermally conducting adhesive 4. However, the use of an adhesive
can also be omitted. In particular, the use of an adhesive can be
omitted if the surface 15 of the graphite lightweight panel 13
projects over the upper edge of the side walls 2b of the frame 2
when not yet mounted. Then, when screwing the frame 2 to the
ceiling surface 14, the lightweight panel 13 made of compressible
graphite is slightly compressed. This ensures good thermal contact
between the upper side 15 of the graphite lightweight panel 13 and
the ceiling surface 14 over the entire area, where slight
unevenesses in the ceiling surface 14 can be compensated by
compressing.
[0047] The material composite used in the exemplary embodiments of
FIGS. 1 to 3 consisting of a non-woven fabric 3 and a graphite film
1 joined to the non-woven fabric 3 can be fixed directly to a
ceiling 5 or a wall without a supporting frame as ceiling or wall
element 10. In this case, the material composite is adhesively
bonded to the ceiling 5 or the wall by means of a thermally
conducting adhesive, where the thermally good conducting graphite
film 1 is preferably adhesively bonded to the surface of the
ceiling 5 or the wall over the entire area in order to make a good
heat-conducting coupling over the entire surface of the ceiling or
wall. This arrangement ensures on the one hand a rapid heat
exchange between the room and the ceiling or wall whereby the mass
of the ceiling or wall (which is formed for example as a concrete
ceiling or wall) can be used as a thermal accumulator from which
the stored heat can be released in a time-delayed manner again into
the room. On the other hand, the non-woven fabric 3 of the material
composite ensures good sound absorption so that the ceiling or wall
element 10 formed from the material composite can serves as a
sound-absorbing acoustic element.
[0048] Like the material composite used in FIGS. 1 to 3, consisting
of the non-woven fabric 3 and a graphite film 1 connected to the
non-woven fabric 3, the graphite film 1 is preferably perforated
and expediently has a perforation with a hole fraction of more than
5% per unit area. The non-woven fabric 3 preferably comprises a
carbon fiber non-woven which has been joined to the graphite film 1
by calendering.
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