U.S. patent application number 13/616373 was filed with the patent office on 2013-06-27 for apparatus and method for providing product information.
The applicant listed for this patent is Mathias Amann, Jordan Todorov Bourilkov, Michael Franke, Jonathan Livingston Joyce, Mark Wayne Morrow, Faiz Feisal Sherman, Steven Jeffrey Specht, Grant Edward Striemer. Invention is credited to Mathias Amann, Jordan Todorov Bourilkov, Michael Franke, Jonathan Livingston Joyce, Mark Wayne Morrow, Faiz Feisal Sherman, Steven Jeffrey Specht, Grant Edward Striemer.
Application Number | 20130162402 13/616373 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 47604109 |
Filed Date | 2013-06-27 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130162402 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Amann; Mathias ; et
al. |
June 27, 2013 |
Apparatus and Method for Providing Product Information
Abstract
A sensor system comprises a tag. The tag comprises at least one
sensor, a radio-frequency chip, and a first antenna. The sensor is
adapted to provide an output analogous to a change in an
environment of the sensor. The sensor produces an analog output and
includes output terminals. The radio-frequency chip comprises a
memory element, input terminals and output terminals. The input
terminals are disposed in electrical communication with the output
terminals of the sensor. The output of the sensor alters the value
of at least one bit in the memory of the chip. The first antenna is
disposed in electrical communication with the output terminals of
the chip.
Inventors: |
Amann; Mathias; (Darmstadt,
DE) ; Striemer; Grant Edward; (Hamilton, OH) ;
Joyce; Jonathan Livingston; (Independence, KY) ;
Sherman; Faiz Feisal; (Mason, OH) ; Bourilkov; Jordan
Todorov; (Bethany, CT) ; Morrow; Mark Wayne;
(Milford, OH) ; Specht; Steven Jeffrey;
(Brookfield, CT) ; Franke; Michael; (Darmstadt,
DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Amann; Mathias
Striemer; Grant Edward
Joyce; Jonathan Livingston
Sherman; Faiz Feisal
Bourilkov; Jordan Todorov
Morrow; Mark Wayne
Specht; Steven Jeffrey
Franke; Michael |
Darmstadt
Hamilton
Independence
Mason
Bethany
Milford
Brookfield
Darmstadt |
OH
KY
OH
CT
OH
CT |
DE
US
US
US
US
US
US
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
47604109 |
Appl. No.: |
13/616373 |
Filed: |
September 14, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61580379 |
Dec 27, 2011 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/10.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 16/00 20190101;
A61F 2013/8479 20130101; H01Q 1/2225 20130101; A61F 2013/8482
20130101; G06K 19/0716 20130101; G06K 19/07773 20130101; G01D
11/305 20130101; G01N 27/126 20130101; A61F 2013/8473 20130101;
G06K 7/10009 20130101; G01V 15/00 20130101; G06K 7/0008 20130101;
A61F 13/84 20130101; A61F 2013/424 20130101; H01Q 7/00 20130101;
H01Q 9/16 20130101; G06K 19/0717 20130101; A61F 13/42 20130101;
G01D 1/14 20130101; G06K 19/07749 20130101; G06K 7/10178 20130101;
G06K 19/077 20130101; G01N 33/48792 20130101; G06K 7/10366
20130101; G06K 19/0723 20130101; G06Q 30/0623 20130101; G01K 3/04
20130101; G01K 1/024 20130101; G01D 9/005 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
340/10.1 |
International
Class: |
G06K 7/01 20060101
G06K007/01 |
Claims
1. A sensor system comprising a tag, the tag comprising: at least
one sensor adapted to transition from a first electrical state to a
second electrical state in response to a predetermined change in an
environment of the sensor, the sensor having at least one output
terminal; a radio-frequency chip comprising a memory element
comprising electrical storage of a binary coded word comprising at
least one bit, input terminals and output terminals, the input
terminal(s) disposed in electrical communication with the at least
one output terminal of the at least one sensor and to at least one
bit of memory; a first antenna disposed in electrical communication
with the output terminals of the chip.
2. The sensor system according to claim 1 wherein the at least one
output terminal of the sensor is disposed in electrical
communication with multiple bits of the memory.
3. The sensor system according to claim 1 further comprising an
interrogator comprising a power source and a second antenna adapted
to generate electromagnetic radiation comprising a resonant
frequency of the first antenna, and a receiver adapted to detect
electromagnetic radiation and de-modulate the detected radiation
extracting embedded data from the detected radiation.
4. The system according to claim 3 wherein the interrogator
includes a network communications link.
5. The sensor system according to claim 3 wherein the interrogator
comprises a sensor.
6. The sensor system according to claim 3 wherein the embedded data
comprises the value of the at least one bit.
7. The sensor system according to claim 3 wherein the interrogator
further comprises: an analysis element adapted to interpret the
extracted embedded data, and a display element adapted to display
the results of the interpretation.
8. The sensor system according to claim 1 wherein the sensor is
selected from the group consisting of: chemical sensors, electrical
sensors, biological sensors, mechanical sensors, and combinations
thereof.
9. The sensor system according to claim 1 wherein the first antenna
comprises an omni-directional antenna.
10. The sensor system according to claim 1 further comprising a
product wherein the tag comprises part of the product.
11. The sensor system according to claim 10 further comprising
electrical shielding disposed between the antenna and product.
12. The sensor system according to claim 10 wherein the shielding
comprises part of the tag.
13. The sensor system according to claim 1 wherein the product
comprises a disposable absorbent article.
14. The sensor system according to claim 1 wherein product
comprises a portable power source.
15. The sensor system according to claim 1 wherein the product
comprises a package containing a consumable good.
16. A method of determining product information, the method
comprising steps of: providing at least one product comprising a
tag, the tag comprising at least one sensor adapted to transition
from a first electrical state to a second electrical state in
response to a predetermined change in an environment of the sensor,
the sensor having at least one output terminal; a radio-frequency
chip comprising a memory element comprising electrical storage of a
binary coded word comprising at least one bit, input terminals and
output terminals, the input terminals disposed in electrical
communication with the at least one output terminal of the at least
one sensor and to at least one bit of memory; a first antenna
disposed in electrical communication with the output terminals of
the chip; providing, or having provided, an interrogator adapted to
detect radiation associated with an environmental state of the tag
sensor; interrogating the state of the tag; interpreting the state
of the tag; providing an output associated with the interpreted
state of the tag.
17. The method according to claim 16 wherein the step of providing
an interrogator further comprises providing an interrogator
comprising a network communications link, the method further
comprising the step of sharing data associated with the state of
the tag over a network.
18. The method according to claim 18 further comprising the step of
sharing data from the interrogator sensor over the network.
19. The method according to claim 18 further comprising the step of
purchasing a unit of the product using the network.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S.
Provisional application Ser. No. 61/580,379, filed Dec. 27, 2011
titled: SMART POWER SOURCE.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The invention relates to systems and methods for determining
information about a product. The invention relates particularly to
the remote interrogation of product information and the subsequent
use of the acquired information.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Consumable goods having a useful life defined in terms of
the consumption of the goods are well known. The useful life may be
viewed as one or more events associated with the consumption of at
least a portion of the useful quantity of the goods. In formation
associated with the environment of use of the goods and/or the
quantity of goods used and remaining available may exist but may
also be generally inaccessible to the typical consumer of the
goods. What is needed is a system and method for extracting product
relevant information in a manner which makes the information
readily accessible and usable by the consumer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In one aspect, a sensor system comprises a tag. The tag
comprises at least one sensor, a radio-frequency chip, and a first
antenna. The sensor is adapted to provide an output analogous to a
change in an environment of the sensor. The sensor produces an
analog output and includes output terminals. The radio-frequency
chip comprises a memory element, input terminals and output
terminals. The input terminal(s) are disposed in electrical
communication with the output terminal(s) of the sensor. The first
antenna is disposed in electrical communication with the output
terminals of the chip.
[0005] In one aspect a method of determining product information
includes the steps of: providing a product comprising a tag, and an
interrogator adapted to detect radiation associated with the data
of the tag; interrogating the state of the tag; interpreting the
state of the tag; and providing an output associated with the
interpreted state of the tag. The tag comprises a digital memory
storing data associated with the product.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] Further features and benefits of the present invention will
become more readily apparent through consideration of the
drawings.
[0007] FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of one embodiment of
the invention.
[0008] FIG. 2 show s a schematic representation of one embodiment
of the invention.
[0009] FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of one embodiment of
the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0010] Definitions:
[0011] The following text sets forth a broad description of
numerous different embodiments of the present invention. The
description is to be construed as exemplary only and does not
describe every possible embodiment since describing every possible
embodiment would be impractical, if not impossible, and it will be
understood that any feature, characteristic, component,
composition, ingredient, product, step or methodology described
herein can be deleted, combined with or substituted for, in whole
or part, any other feature, characteristic, component, composition,
ingredient, product, step or methodology described herein. Numerous
alternative embodiments could be implemented, using either current
technology or technology developed after the filing date of this
patent, which would still fall within the scope of the claims. It
should also be understood that, unless a term is expressly defined
in this patent using the sentence "As used herein, the term
`______`: is hereby defined to mean . . . " or a similar sentence,
there is no intent to limit the meaning of that term, either
expressly or by implication, beyond its plain or ordinary meaning,
and such term should not be interpreted to be limited in scope
based on any statement made in any section of this patent (other
than the language of the claims). No term is intended to be
essential to the present invention unless so stated. To the extent
that any term recited in the claims at the end of this patent is
referred to in this patent in a manner consistent with a single
meaning, that is done for sake of clarity only so as to not confuse
the reader, and it is not intended that such claim term be limited,
by implication or otherwise, to that single meaning. Finally,
unless a claim element is defined by reciting the word "means" and
a function without the recital of any structure, it is not intended
that the scope of any claim element be interpreted based on the
application of 35 U.S.C. .sctn.112, sixth paragraph.
[0012] In one aspect, a sensor system comprising a tag. The tag may
comprise one or more layers of conductive inks and non-conductive
inks printed upon a substrate. Exemplary substrate materials
include: polymer films, paper, high permittivity dielectric
materials, and FR-4 material. Multiple layer structures may further
comprise partial layers of non-conducting material separating at
least portions of the conductive layers. Exemplary conductive
layers include copper and silver inks The tag comprises at least
one sensor, a radio-frequency chip, and a first antenna disposed as
a circuit upon a card, coin, or inlay. The chip may be active or
passive. Exemplary chip/first antenna combinations include model
numbers: RI-I03-112A-03 (13.56 MHz), and RI-INL-R9QM (134.2 kHz),
or model TRF7970A, each available from Texas Instruments, Dallas,
Tex. The antenna may be in the physical form of a coil or a dipole,
or a conductive component of a product or package in electrical
communication with the remainder of the tag.
[0013] The sensor may be selected according to the nature of the
environmental factor of interest. Typical sensor types include
chemical sensors, electrical sensors, biological sensors,
mechanical sensors, and physical sensors. The sensor of the tag may
also comprise multiple sensor of a single type or a combination of
sensors of differing types.
[0014] Exemplary chemical sensors include: model TGS 813 gas sensor
for Propane, Butane, Methane, Alcohol, H2 made by Figaro
Engineering Inc., and available from Conrad Electronics, of
Wernberg-Koblitz, Germany. Exemplary electrical sensors include:
model AH1751-PG-B-A Hall effect sensor to measure magnetic field
made by Zetex Semiconductors, and available from Allied
Electronics, of Fort Worth, Tex.
[0015] Exemplary mechanical sensors include: model L3G3200D 3-axis
gyro based on MEMS made by ST Microelectronics, and model
N11MA512023 strain gauge sensor made by Allied Electronic, Forth
Worth, Tex.
[0016] Exemplary physical sensors include: model-VCNL4020 light
sensor made by Vishay, and model LPS331AP pressure sensor based on
MEMS made by ST Microelectronics.
[0017] Exemplary biological sensors can be tailored to detect
various biological molecules such as diseases, ions, bio markers,
antibodies, DNA, various proteins, or metabolic markers, etc. The
method of detection fundamentally can be potentiometric or
amperometric in nature. Analyzed material samples may be collected
from an organism or from the environment and include: blood,
epithelial cells, mucous, saliva, feces, hair, urine, air, water
and other environmental materials. The electrode configuration can
be two (working and counter) or three (working, counter and
reference) where the electrodes can be made of a number of
substrates such as gold, silver, platinum, carbon, etc. These
electrodes may be purchased from Conductive Technologies, Inc., of
York, Pa., or made (Sensors and Actuators B, 114, (2006)
357-363).
[0018] A potentiometric bio sensor that detects antibodies may take
advantage of a conventional ELISA sandwich assay. The previously
mentioned electrodes are coated with a conductive polymer such as
poly(pryyole) to prepare a substrate suitable for bio attachment
while maintaining conductivity to the electrode substrate. The
materials for the assay may be purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, of St.
Louis, Mo.: capture antibody--anti-mouse IgG (Fc specific)
F(ab').sub.2 fragment antibody produced in goat (MO284),
antibody--mouse serum (M5905), analyte competitor--anti-mouse IgG
(.gamma.-chain specific) peroxidase antibody produced in goat
(A3673) and albumin from bovine serum is used during the process to
prevent non-specific binding (A7906).
[0019] The ELISA sandwich structure described from the bottom up on
the working electrode, is as follows: capture antibody adsorption
to the poly(pyrrole) substrate, analyte, analyte competitor with
HRP conjugate, and working solution enzyme to catalyze the HRP to
generate hydrogen peroxide. This reaction at the working electrode
generates a potential with a resolution of micro volts.
[0020] The needed power supply for the sensors may be provided by
the harvested energy of the RFID circuit because the needed current
is in the micro ampere range. The harvested power may be stored
with an element such as a capacitor for use by the sensor at a
later time.
[0021] The tag may be configured such that the output of the sensor
alters the value of one or more bits of the word stored in the
memory of the tag's chip. In one embodiment, any non-zero sensor
output may alter a designated bit's value either from one to zero
or from zero to one. Alternatively, the tag's circuit may provide a
bias against which the sensor output is compared. In this
embodiment, only sensor outputs above the bias threshold, or
between a lower and upper set of thresholds may alter the bit's
value.
[0022] The tag may comprise more than a single sensor. In one
configuration of a multi sensor tag, each sensor's output may be
used to alter the value of its own respective bit. In an
alternative configuration, the set of sensors may be polled when
the tag is powered such that a single particular bit of the tag's
memory is stepped through a series of values depending upon the
output of each polled sensor. As noted before, the tag may be
designed such that any non-zero sensor output will alter the value
of the associated bit, or such that only values above a lower
threshold, or between an upper and lower threshold will alter the
respective bit value.
[0023] The tag may be read using an radio frequency protocol such
as the Near Field Communications (NFC) protocol. When the tag is
interrogated, or read, the tag circuit is powered, the sensor
output alters the memory of the tag. The memory of the tag is then
read by an interrogator. The acquires a digital value of the memory
word indicative of the sensed state of the environment of the tag.
The relevant communications frequency range of the tag may be HF,
UHF or other appropriately selected frequency ranges as determined
by the specific need of the tag in terms of the intended
environment and uses of the tag.
[0024] The sensor system may further comprise an interrogator. The
interrogator comprising a power source and a second antenna adapted
to generate electromagnetic radiation comprising a resonant
frequency of the first antenna, and a receiver adapted to detect
electromagnetic radiation and de-modulate the detected radiation
extracting embedded data from the detected radiation. The
Bluetooth.TM. RFID Reader, model number 223012, available GAO RFID,
of Toronto Canada, exemplifies one form of interrogator. The model
223012 interrogator has the capacity to interrogate the radio
frequency tag and to determine the state of the memory of the tag
and thus extract information associated with the output of the
sensor or sensors relating to the environment of the tag. The
223012 further comprises a secondary network communications link
utilizing the Bluetooth.TM. communications protocol for
transmitting the information extracted from the tag to a secondary
device or secondary interrogator, such as a Bluetooth.TM. enabled
computer or smart phone. The secondary interrogator may further
analyze the information relating to the state of the tag and/or the
tags environment and provide an output associated with a particular
tag and/or tag environment state. The interrogator may further
comprise a display element such as an LCD or LED screen for
displaying an output associated with the analyzed tag information.
The interrogator may further comprise one or more sensors for
ascertaining information associated with the environment of the
interrogator. The sensors may include: temperature, humidity,
acceleration sensors. The interrogator may further comprise one or
more cameras enabling the capture of images associated with a
product, the tag or the environment. The interrogator may comprise
a Global Positioning capability enabling the interrogator to
ascertain and share information relating to the geographic location
of the interrogator.
[0025] In one aspect, the Smartphone may serve as the only
interrogator. In this aspect the smart phone may interrogate the
tag thereby ascertaining the information from the memory of the
tag. The interrogator may analyze or otherwise interpret the
information and may create an output. The output may be provided to
a system user via an audio output, visual output, haptic output or
combinations thereof. The interrogator may utilize inputs from
sensors or systems of the smart phone, including information and
analysis available from a networked resource such as cloud
computing resources, in addition to the tag information in creating
the output. Exemplary smart phones suitably configured to perform
as a system interrogator include: the Acer.TM. E320 Liquid Express,
the Blackberry.TM. Bold.TM. 970, available from Research In Motion
of; the Casio IT-800; the Google Nexus 7.TM., available from
Google, Inc. Mountain View Calif.; the HTC Desire C.TM., available
from HTC of; the LG Optimus Elite; the Motorola Droid.TM. Razr.TM.,
available from Motorola; the Nokia 700; the Panasonic BizPad.TM.;
and the Samsung Galaxy S Advance.TM..
[0026] In one aspect, the sensor system may include a product. The
term "product(s)" is used in the broadest sense and refers to any
product, product group, services, communications, entertainment,
environments, organizations, systems, tools, and the like. For
example, an example of a product group is personal and household
products, such as used by a person, family or household. Examples
of a representative, and non-limiting list of product categories
within the personal and household product group includes
antiperspirants, baby care, colognes, commercial products
(including wholesale, industrial, and commercial market analogs to
consumer-oriented consumer products), cosmetics, deodorants, dish
care, feminine protection, hair care, hair color, health care,
household cleaners, laundry, oral care, paper products, personal
cleansing, disposable absorbent articles, pet health and nutrition,
prescription drugs, prestige fragrances, skin care, foods, snacks
and beverages, special fabric care, shaving and other hair growth
management products, small appliances, devices and batteries,
services such as haircutting, beauty treatment, spa treatment,
medical, dental, vision services, entertainment venues such as
theaters, stadiums, as well as entertainment services such as film
or movie shows, plays and sporting events A variety of product
forms may fall within each of these product categories.
[0027] Exemplary product forms and brands are described on The
Procter & Gamble Company's website www.pg.com, and the linked
sites found thereon. It is to be understood that consumer products
that are part of product categories other than those listed above
are also contemplated by the present invention, and that
alternative product forms and brands other than those disclosed on
the above-identified website are also encompassed by the present
invention.
[0028] Exemplary products within the laundry category include
detergents (including powder, liquid, tablet, and other forms),
bleach, conditioners, softeners, anti-static products, and
refreshers (including liquid refreshers and dryer sheets).
Exemplary products within the oral care category include
dentifrice, floss, toothbrushes (including manual and powered
forms), mouth rinses, gum care products, tooth whitening products,
and other tooth care products. Exemplary feminine protection
products include pads, tampons, interlabial products, and
pantiliners. Exemplary baby care products include diapers, wipes,
baby bibs, baby change and bed mats, and foaming bathroom hand
soap.
[0029] Exemplary health care products include laxatives, fiber
supplements, oral and topical analgesics, gastro-intestinal
treatment products, respiratory and cough/cold products, heat
delivery products, and water purification products. Exemplary paper
products include toilet tissues, paper towels, and facial tissues.
Exemplary hair care products include shampoos, conditioners
(including rinse-off and leave-in forms), and styling aids.
Exemplary household care products include sweeper products, floor
cleaning products, wood floor cleaners, antibacterial floor
cleaners, fabric and air refreshers, and vehicle washing products.
Skin care products include, but are not limited to, body washes,
facial cleansers, hand lotions, moisturizers, conditioners,
astringents, exfoliation products, micro-dermabrasion and peel
products, skin rejuvenation products, anti-aging products, masks,
UV protection products, and skin care puffs, wipes, discs, clothes,
sheets, implements and devices (with or without skin care
compositions).
[0030] In one embodiment, the product may comprise a test unit for
the evaluation of other products such as portable power sources. In
this embodiment, the product may comprise all the described
elements including the chip, antenna, and shielding. In using this
embodiment, the user will place the power source of interest in the
product and engage the tag of the unit using the interrogator. The
interrogator will power the tag, read and analyze the memory value,
and generate an output. The analysis will evaluate the read value
in terms of the open circuit voltage of the power source to which
it is analogous. The output may be in the form of a percentage of
power remaining, a color coded output associated with the power
remaining, a simple textual output, good or bad, etc., or
combinations of these. The output may be further transmitted using
a network communications link and/or displayed using the display
element of the interrogator.
[0031] Other product groups include but are not limited to: sports
equipment, entertainment (books, movies, music, etc), vision, and
in-home-consumed medical and first aid, among others.
[0032] The tag may be attached to the packaging of the product such
as the primary packaging of a liquid product, or a granular
product. The tag may be immersed in or float upon the surface of a
packaged liquid or granular product. The tag may be incorporated
within the product such as within a disposable absorbent article
such as within a diaper for the purpose of detecting an insult to
the absorbent core of the diaper. The tag may be disposed upon the
surface of the product itself such as upon the surface of a battery
for the purpose of sensing information relating to the useful power
remaining in the battery.
[0033] It is believed that conforming the antenna of the tag to the
shape of the outer surface of the product yields a system where
communication between the interrogator and the tag may be
omni-directional or achievable at a variety of angles between the
interrogator and the tag.
[0034] One of the problems associated with creating a communication
device for various products is realized when the communication
device is utilized on electromagnetically conductive bodies.
[0035] Free space radio propagation principles do not apply near
highly conductive bodies. Additionally, antenna performance is
severely degraded when antennas are placed near metals. As such,
simply placing an RFID tag on a battery or on an object with a
conductive body may not accomplish the desired effect, e.g. power
harvesting and/or data transfer. Notably, this problem is not
limited to rechargeable/disposable batteries. For example, a can of
shaving gel, foam, etc., or a package comprising a metalized film,
could experience the same issues because of the conductivity of the
container. In general, an RFID tag next to metallic body decreases
signal coupling between the reader and the tag by 10.times..
[0036] One way to prevent the effects arising from metal proximity
to the antenna is to prevent the electromagnetic field from
entering the metal. For example, separating the antenna and the
metal surface by placing a material with suitable electromagnetic
properties and dimensions between them may divert the
electromagnetic field around the metallic/conductive body of the
product. The properties of the diverter material depend on the
exact metal used and the RFID frequency. The magnetic diverter
effectively isolates the tag from the can. An effective separation
may also be achieved with an air filled gap between the
materials.
[0037] In one aspect, a method of determining product information
comprises steps of: providing a product comprising a tag as
described above. The tag comprising, at least one sensor adapted to
provide an output analogous to a change in an environment of the
sensor. The sensor having at least one output terminal. The tag
also includes a radio-frequency chip comprising a memory element,
input terminal(s) and output terminal(s), the input terminal(s)
disposed in electrical communication with the output terminals of
the sensor, and a first antenna disposed in electrical
communication with the output terminals of the chip.
[0038] The method may also include providing an interrogator
adapted to detect radiation associated with the data of the tag.
The interrogator may be an RF or NFC protocol reader coupled with a
Bluetooth.TM. capability as described above, or a smart phone or
other computing device comprising an RF or NFC capable reader.
[0039] In one aspect the method may be minimized to providing
products including tags and providing software compatible with
devices available in the market or in the possession of consumers.
A consumer may choose to avail themselves of the application
software which will enable their device to functions as the
described interrogator.
[0040] The interrogator may be used to determine the current state
of the tag utilizing an RF communications protocol such as the NFC
protocol. The interrogator may interpret the data received from the
tag using a software application written for that purpose. In one
embodiment, the tag and sensor may be configured to detect an open
circuit voltage of a battery cell. The detected open circuit
voltage may alter the value of at least one bit of the memory of
the tag. The interrogator may then read the value of the memory and
correlate that value with an open circuit voltage and a useful
battery life remaining The useful battery life remaining may be
displayed to a user of the system via a display element of the
interrogator. The output displayed may be in terms of a percentage
of life remaining or in more analog terms of red, yellow and green
colors signifying little to no useful life, some useful life, or a
significant amount of useful life depending upon the algorithm used
to set the thresholds for converting the detected open circuit
voltage to an analog of battery useful life. In one embodiment, the
application may provide steps for the user of the application to
input the nature of the load case of the battery. Exemplary load
cases include powering: a flash camera, a toy, a flashlight, a
remote control unit, a clock, or a radio or other entertainment
system.
[0041] As an example, the tag may be incorporated as a sensor
system for a 1.5 volt alkaline power source. In this example the
sensor may be configured to read the open circuit voltage (OCV) in
the range between 0.8 volts and 1.65 volts. The biasing circuitry
of the tag may be designed to provide for a first bit to change
state if the OCV is above 1.35 volts as an indicator that more than
30% of the power remains to be used. This may be tied to an
application output of a green color coded state for the power
source. A second portion of the tag may provide for a second bit to
change state when the OCV is above 1.25 volts as an indication that
.about.30% of the power remains and this may be communicated as a
yellow state of power. The tag may be further configured to have a
third bit change state when the OCV is less than 1.25 volts and the
application may indicate a red power state. Alternatively, the tag
bits may be left unchanged either below 1.25 volts or above 1.35
volts to simplify the design of the circuit.
[0042] In one aspect, the interrogator may incorporate a secondary
network communication module affording the device an ability to
send and receive data over a cellular phone or other networks
including a local area or wifi networks. In such an aspect, the
interrogator may transmit data received from the tag and/or an
analysis of the data from the tag. The software application of the
interrogator may analyze the data from the tag to determine if
replenishment of the product associated with the tag in needed, or
to project when such replenishment will be needed in view of usage
history of the product established via a series of interrogations
of the tag. In this aspect the application may be used to
consummate a purchase of addition product via the network. The
application may be further utilized to offer the user related
products for purchase, or to make offers of other products not
directly related to the product.
EXAMPLES
[0043] A tag comprising a capacitive sensor strip coupled with the
tag memory may be arrayed within a package, such as a mascara
package, such that the sensor output will be analogous to the
product quantity remaining within the package. An axis of the
sensor may be aligned with the geometry of the package such that
the portion of the sensor in contact with the product will change
as the amount of product in the container changes. Upon
interrogation, the tag sensor will provide an output to the chip
analogous to the product quantity remaining The tag circuit may be
biased such that only a sensor above a particular value or within a
particular range will alter the value of the bit associate with the
output. The tag will provide an indication that there either is or
is not a predetermined amount of product remaining based upon the
manufacturers knowledge of what quantity of product should be used
as the threshold to trigger an output associated with the
particular product and/or package. The interrogator will read the
stored value. The application software may then analyze the read
value and interpret it in terms of the amount of product remaining.
The software may then provide an output to the user indicating the
amount of product remaining as a quantity or as a percentage of the
original amount within the package, or the output may be simply
that it is time to replenish the product. The software may be
written to provide a suggestion to the user to replenish the
product at a particular quantity or percentage threshold. The
software may utilize the network communications capacity of the
interrogator to enable the user to connect to a network retail
source to purchase replenishment product offered by a network
retailer. The software may search the network to identify a set of
retailers and may also gather information such as the price and
shipping options of the product associated with each retailer. The
software may utilize a location provider by the user or derived via
the GPS or wifi location capabilities of the interrogator to
identify retailers having location near the present location of the
user where the product may be directly purchased.
[0044] A tag comprising an electrical sensor, such as a sensor for
resistance, capacitance, inductance, or combinations thereof, may
be provided in contact with a product as part of a product/package
combination. The system may be configured to sense changes in the
product, such as changes related to shelf stability or the efficacy
of the product, and to provide an output associated with such a
change in the product.
[0045] A tag comprising a temperature sensor may be incorporated
within the diaper such that upon interrogation the sensor output to
the memory will be analogous to the temperature of the wearer of
the diaper which will be stored digitally in the memory of the tag.
The application software may read the stored value and interpret it
in terms of body temperature. The associated value may be stored by
the application software together with other available data such as
date, time, location, images of the wearer, and combinations
thereof. A collection of data records may be accumulated over time
and used as an indicator of the wearer's health and wellness.
[0046] A tag comprising a chemical or biosensor coupled to the
memory may be incorporated within a patient garment for the purpose
of detecting environmental factors associated with the occurrence
of pressure ulcers. Other tags having chemical or biological
sensors may be used for purposes such as detecting metabolic
markers in saliva, detecting alcohol in breath or saliva, detecting
malodorous compounds in air samples.
[0047] As shown in FIG. 1, a system 1000, comprises an absorbent
article 300, and an interrogator 200. The absorbent article 300
comprises a tag 100. The tag 100 comprises a sensor 110, a chip
130, and an antenna 140. The interrogator 200 comprises a sensor
210, a power source 220, an antenna 230, an analysis element 240, a
display element 250, and a network link 260. As shown in FIG. 2, a
portable power source 400, comprises a tag 100 and shielding 150.
As shown in FIG. 3, a package 500, comprises a tag 100.
[0048] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be
understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values
recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension
is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension
disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm."
[0049] Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced
or related patent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by
reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise
limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it
is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed
herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other
reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such
invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of
a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of
the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning
or definition assigned to that term in this document shall
govern.
[0050] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those
skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can
be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims
all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of
this invention.
* * * * *
References