U.S. patent application number 13/740347 was filed with the patent office on 2013-05-23 for weather resistant shingle system.
The applicant listed for this patent is Robert L. Jenkins. Invention is credited to Robert L. Jenkins.
Application Number | 20130125494 13/740347 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43729107 |
Filed Date | 2013-05-23 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130125494 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Jenkins; Robert L. |
May 23, 2013 |
Weather Resistant Shingle System
Abstract
A weather resistant shingle system is provided, wherein a
starter strip course of shingles is applied to a roof, and with
successive courses of field shingles applied thereover, with
adjacent underlying and overlying shingles adhesively secured
together to provide wind resistance to tabs of next overlying
shingles from being upwardly lifted under wind conditions, and to
prevent moisture, such as rain, from entering beneath tabs of
shingles.
Inventors: |
Jenkins; Robert L.;
(HoneyBrook, PA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Jenkins; Robert L. |
HoneyBrook |
PA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
43729107 |
Appl. No.: |
13/740347 |
Filed: |
January 14, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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12560724 |
Sep 16, 2009 |
8365493 |
|
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13740347 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
52/526 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04D 1/26 20130101; E04D
1/20 20130101; E04D 1/34 20130101; E04D 2001/005 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
52/526 |
International
Class: |
E04D 1/00 20060101
E04D001/00 |
Claims
1. A weather resistant field shingle for use in a system of a
plurality of courses of field shingles and a course of starter
shingles applied to a roof, each field shingle comprising: (a) a
butt portion and a tab portion and comprising a bitumen impregnated
web having upper and lower surfaces with granules adhesively
secured on at least said tab portion of the upper surface and with
particles adhesively secured on the lower surface; (b) with each
field shingle having a top edge and a bottom edge and having at
least first and second lines of adhesive generally parallel to one
of said top and bottom edges, with the first line of adhesive being
carried on a surface of the butt portion of the shingle and with
the second line of adhesive being carried on a surface of the tab
portion of said shingle; (c) with the at least first and second
lines of adhesive, when a plurality of field shingles are laid up
on a roof in courses with tab portions of shingles in an overlying
course overlying butt portions of shingles in a next-underlying
course, the first line of adhesive on an underlying shingle course
being in an engagement with said second line of adhesive of an
overlying shingle; with said engaged lines of adhesive each being
of a three-dimensional configuration and being in any one of: (i)
nested; (ii) interlocked; and (iii) of sloped surface relation with
each other and comprising a moisture barrier against moisture
penetrating between underlying and overlying field shingles in
adjacent courses.
2. The shingle of claim 1, wherein said engaged lines of adhesive
form a wind resistant barrier against wind lifting an overlying
field shingle from adjacent engagement with a next-underlying
shingle.
3. The shingle of claim 1, wherein said engaged lines of adhesive
are continuous across said shingle between right and left ends.
4. The shingle of claim 1, wherein said engaged lines of adhesive
are discontinuous across said shingle between right and left
ends.
5. The shingle of claim 1, wherein at least one of said first and
second lines of adhesive is provided with a removable release strip
covering said line of adhesive.
6. The shingle of claim 1, wherein the first and second lines of
adhesive each have a thicker portion and a thinner portion, with
the thinner portion of the first and second lines of adhesive being
in engagement with a thicker portion of the other of the first and
second lines of adhesive.
7. The shingle of claim 1, wherein the first and second lines of
adhesive are each of triangular vertical cross-section, having
sloped surfaces, with the sloped surfaces of the first and second
lines of adhesive being in surface-to-surface engagement with each
other.
8. The shingle of claim 1, wherein one of the first and second
lines of adhesive has a projection and the other of the first and
second lines of adhesive has a recess; with the projection of a
line of adhesive being in nested engagement with a recess of a
different line of adhesive.
9. The shingle of claim 8, wherein each of the projection and
recess are of generally arcuate cross-section.
10. The shingle of claim 8, wherein each of the projection and
recess are of generally rectangular cross-section.
11. The shingle of claim 10, wherein the first and second lines of
adhesive are partially vertically offset relative to each other.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This is a division of application Ser. No. 12/560,724, filed
Sep. 16, 2009.
TECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to shingles that are laid up on a
roof in courses, such that tabs of field shingles in an overlying
course cover butt portions of field shingles in a next-underlying
course, and with such courses of shingles progressing up the slope
of a roof, commencing with a first course of shingles which are
starter strip shingles, with the starter strip shingles being
covered by tab portions of field shingles in a first course of
shingles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] It is known in the shingle art to apply a starter strip
course of shingles along the lower edge of a sloped roof, and then
to cover that course with a first course of field shingles, with
each field shingle having a lower tab portion that will often
comprise a plurality of tabs, and with shingles in each course
having butt or headlap portions. Successive courses of field
shingles are applied, with the shingles in each course having their
tab portions overlying butt portions of shingles in a
next-underlying course.
[0004] It is also known to provide a wind-resistant feature
comprised of adhesive between overlapping portions of shingles, to
resist the upward lifting of shingles.
[0005] Examples of weather-resistant shingle systems are set forth
in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,239,802; 5,950,387 and 6,874,289, the complete
disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
[0006] The present invention is directed to a weather resistant
shingle system of field shingles embodying butt portions and tab
portions, that are laid up on a roof, in courses, such that
adjacent underlying and overlying shingles have at least two
adhesive connections therebetween for adhering overlapped shingles
together, to resist tabs of shingles from being lifted upwardly by
wind, and to provide separate moisture barriers to moisture
penetration therebetween.
[0007] It is therefore an object of this invention to provide such
shingles with at least two adhesive connections therebetween for
resisting moisture penetration, and for resisting tabs of shingles
from being lifted upwardly by wind.
[0008] It is a further object of this invention to accomplish the
above object, with respect to overlying and underlying field
shingles.
[0009] It is another object of this invention to accomplish the
above objects with respect to starter shingles and overlying field
shingles.
[0010] It is a further object of this invention to accomplish the
above objects, using anywhere from three to six adhesive
connections between underlying and overlying adjacent shingles, in
different courses.
[0011] It is another object of this invention to accomplish the
object immediately above, wherein there are adhesive connections of
anywhere from two to six such connections between starter strip
shingles and overlying field shingles of a first course of field
shingles.
[0012] It is yet another object of this invention to accomplish the
above objects, wherein the adhesive connections are either spaced
apart at different distances from a bottom edge of overlying field
shingles, or that are spaced apart at different distances between
bottom edges of field shingles and underlying starter strip
shingles, or wherein adhesive connections are in at least partial
contact with each other, in full contact with each other, in nested
contact with each other or in interlocked contact with each
other.
[0013] Other objects and advantages of the present invention will
be readily understood from a reading of the following brief
descriptions of the drawing figures, the detailed descriptions of
the preferred embodiments, and the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES
[0014] FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a building roof having a
plurality of courses of field shingles applied thereto, with tab
portions of shingles in overlying courses covering butt portions of
shingles in underlying courses.
[0015] FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary illustration of shingles
in three successive courses, as they would appear when applied to a
roof, with underlying adhesive connections being illustrated in
broken lines.
[0016] FIG. 3 is a right elevational view of a roof deck having a
layer of underlining thereon, and with the three courses of
shingles illustrated in FIG. 2 being shown in exploded view, but in
relative positions as they would appear preparatory to being
applied to the roof deck, with the illustration of FIG. 3 being
taken generally along the line III-III of FIG. 1, as well as from
the right end of FIG. 2, showing the adhesive zones for connection
that appear in broken lines in FIG. 2, in solid lines in FIG.
3.
[0017] FIG. 4 is a an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of
a shingle of FIG. 3, taken generally along the line IV-IV of FIG.
3.
[0018] FIG. 5 is a fragmentary illustration of a shingle of this
invention, wherein an alternate form of adhesive zones is
illustrated, with adhesive zones at the lower ends of the tabs of
the shingle of FIG. 5 being spaced apart, or discontinuous, and
with the adhesive zone on the top surface of the shingle of FIG. 5
being continuous and in the butt portion of the shingle of FIG. 5,
above the vertical slot, and with optional release tape being shown
in phantom for each of the adhesive zones.
[0019] FIG. 6 is a fragmentary exploded view of a roof deck, having
a starter strip shingle illustrated, along with two shingles of a
first and a second course of shingles being fragmentally
illustrated, with various zones of adhesive connection being also
illustrated, either in full lines, or in phantom lines.
[0020] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a starter strip
shingle, with two field shingles about to be applied thereover,
with the shingles of FIG. 7 being illustrated in end view, and in
exploded form, and wherein adhesives on different surfaces of the
shingles of FIG. 7 are illustrated in positions that would enable
them to be in full contact with other adhesive connections, and
with respect to the adhesive connections of FIG. 7, in
interconnected manner.
[0021] FIGS. 8 through 13 are illustrations of various upper and
lower adhesive connections for overlying and underlying shingles in
partial or full or interconnected relation with each other, whereby
various different embodiments of shingle adhesive connections are
illustrated.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0022] Referring now to FIG. 1 in detail, a building 10 is
illustrated with a plurality of courses 11-17 of shingles applied
to a roof deck 18, with the shingles 20 in each course being
applied with tab portions 21 of the shingles 20 being in overlying
relation to butt portions 22 of adjacent next-underlying shingles,
and with the shingles in a given course being laterally offset
relative to shingles in a next-underlying course, so that slots 23
separating adjacent tabs in one course are not aligned with slots
23 of a next-underlying course of shingles.
[0023] Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, it will be seen that the
roof deck 18 has a shingle underlayment 24 applied thereto. At the
lower end of the roof deck 18 there is a course of starter strip
shingles 25, illustrated in exploded view, preparatory to the
starter strip shingles 25 being applied to the roof deck 18 upon
movement in the direction of the arrow 26, and upon nails or other
fasteners 27 being applied for fastening shingles 25 to the roof
deck 18.
[0024] The shingles 25 each have a band of adhesive 28 thereon, as
shown, carried on the upper surface 30 of each shingle 25 that
faces a lower surface 31 of each shingle 32 in a first course of
field shingles.
[0025] The shingles 32 have bands 33 of adhesive on their lower
surfaces 31 such that, when each shingle 32 is moved rightwardly in
the direction of the arrows 34, 35, the adhesive bands 28, 33 will
adhesively engage respective shingle surfaces 31, 30, forming a
double adhesive seal against shingles 32 in their course from being
lifted upwardly by winds, thus providing a wind-resistant barrier
to upward lifting, and also providing a double moisture barrier
against rain entering between the shingles surfaces 30 and 31
beneath tabs 36.
[0026] The bands 28, 33 of adhesive are preferably continuous
across their tabs 36, as shown in FIG. 2, although the same could
be discontinuous, as may be desired.
[0027] The shingles 32 have, on their upper surfaces 37, adhesive
bands 38, similar to the adhesive bands 28, and fasteners 40 of the
nail or staple type will also be applied, as shown, to fasten the
shingles 32 to the roof deck 18 when the shingles 32 are moved
rightwardly, as shown, in the direction of the arrows 34, 35.
[0028] Shingles 41 in a second course of field shingles likewise
have bands 42 of adhesive on their rear or lower surfaces 43 such
that, when the shingles 41 in the second course of field shingles
are moved rightwardly, in the direction of the arrows 44, 45, the
adhesive bands 38, 42 will adhesively engage with respective
shingle surfaces 43, 37, and nails or other fasteners 48 will
likewise secure the shingles 41 to the roof deck 18, with tabs 49
of shingles 41 overlying butt portions of shingles 32 in the
next-underlying course.
[0029] The shingles 41 have, on their upper surfaces 46, bands 47
of adhesive to be secured against lower surfaces 50 of shingles 51
in a next-overlying course of field shingles. Shingles 51 have on
their rear surfaces 50, bands 52 of adhesive. The bands 47, 52 of
adhesive will respectively adhesively engage shingle surfaces 50,
46, upon rightward movement of shingles 51 in the direction of the
arrows 53, 54, likewise forming a double barrier against upward
lifting of shingles 51 under wind forces, and likewise form a
double moisture barrier, against rain entering beneath tabs 55 of
shingles 51. At the locations of slots 19 between adjacent tabs 36,
49, 55 of shingles, moisture from rain, snow or the like passing
upwardly in the directions of arrows 29 meets the barriers formed
by adhesive zones beneath next-overlying shingles, above the slots
19.
[0030] With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, for example, it will be
seen that, with respect to the pairs of bands of adhesive 28, 33;
38, 42 and 47, 52, in which the bands 28, 38 and 47 are disposed
higher than the bands 33, 42 and 52, it will be apparent that, as
an alternative arrangement, the bands 33, 42 and 52 could be at
higher locations relative to the shingles 32, 41 and 51, with the
bands 28, 38 and 47 being at lower locations on their respective
shingles 25, 32 and 41, below the vertical placements of the bands
33, 42 and 52, if desired.
[0031] The above shingling process will thus continue, upwardly, to
the apex 60 of the roof of the building of FIG. 1, with next
overlying and next underlying shingles having double adhesive
connections securing tab portions of next-overlying shingles to
butt portions of next underlying shingles.
[0032] Referring to FIG. 4, it will be seen that each shingle
described above is preferably comprised of a web 61 of organic or
preferably inorganic material, such as fiberglass, that is
impregnated with a bitumen material 62, such as asphalt, to yield
an asphalt-impregnated web 63. Upper and lower surfaces 64, 65 of
the asphalt impregnated web 63 have respective adhesive layers 66,
67 applied thereto, which adhesive layers 66, 67 can likewise be a
bituminous material such as asphalt, and the outward facing
surfaces of the adhesive layers 66, 67 have a respective granule
layer 68 and smaller particle layer 70 applied thereto. The smaller
particles can, if desired, be sand, mica or the like. The granules
68, applied to the upper or outer surfaces of the shingle 32 can be
comprised of ground slate, gravel, or any other substance that is
desired, which will protect the underlying bituminous material from
heat of the sun, ultraviolet rays, and the like.
[0033] With reference to FIG. 5, it will be seen that a shingle 75
is fragmentally illustrated, having an adhesive band 76 in its butt
or headlap shingle portion 77, applied on the upper surface 78 of
the shingle 75. At the lower end of the rear surface (unnumbered)
of each tab portion 80 of the shingle 75, there are provided a band
of discontinuous zones of adhesive 81, and the bands of adhesive
76, 81 can, if desired, have removable release tapes 82, 83,
protecting the adhesive bands from becoming adhered to next
overlying or next-underlying shingles in a stack, during storage
and/or shipment of stacks of shingles. Alternatively, the release
strips 82, 83, could be applied to next-adjacent shingles in the
stacks, such that when a plurality of shingles are stacked
together, adhesive surfaces of one shingle would engage against
release tape surfaces of an adjacent underlying or overlying
shingle in the stack, such that when release tapes are carried by
adjacent underlying or overlying shingles rather than being applied
directly to the adhesive portions of a given shingle, such release
tapes may, if desired, be permanently carried by the underlying or
overlying shingles.
[0034] In FIG. 6 there are fragmentally shown a roof deck 85, a
starter strip shingle 86, a field shingle 87 in a first course of
field shingles, and a field shingle 88 of a second course of field
shingles, all in exploded view. The starter strip shingle 86 is
provided with an adhesive band 90 shown in full lines, on the upper
surface 91 of the shingle 86. The shingle 87 has, on its lower
surface 92, bands 93 and 94 of adhesive, spaced apart from each
other, such that when the shingle 87 is brought into engagement
with the starter strip shingle 86, upon movement of the shingles
toward the roof deck 85 in the direction of the arrows 95, 96, the
adhesive band 90 will engage against the lower surface 92 of the
shingle 87, and the adhesive bands 93, 94 carried on the lower
surface 92 of the shingle 87 will engage against the upper surface
91 of the starter strip shingle 86, thereby forming three
spaced-apart bands of adhesive for protecting the shingle 86 from
being lifted upwardly by wind, and for preventing moisture such as
rain, from entering between the shingles 86, 87, from the right end
thereof.
[0035] Optionally, an additional adhesive band 97 may be carried by
the lower surface 92 of the shingle 87, as is shown in phantom in
FIG. 6, such that the optional adhesive band 97 could engage with
the adhesive band 90 carried on surface 91 of the shingle 86.
[0036] The shingle 87 has an adhesive band 100 carried on its upper
surface 101, and the shingle 102 carries bands 103, 104 of adhesive
to engage against upper surface 101 of the shingle 87 upon movement
of the shingle 88 in the direction of arrow 105, as the shingle 88
is brought into contact against the shingle 87, such that the bands
100, 103 and 104 will secure the shingles 88 and 87 against each
other, as has been described above with respect to the adhesive
bands 90, 93 and 94 securing the shingles 87 and 86 against each
other.
[0037] The shingle 88 is also shown to have an optional additional
band 107 of adhesive for engagement against the band 100 when the
shingles 88, 87 are brought together, in a manner similar to the
engagement of the bands 97, 90 of adhesive to each other when the
shingles 87 and 86 are brought together. It will be noted that the
band 100 of adhesive for shingle 87 is located in the butt portion
108 of shingle 87, which is above the imaginary line 110 separating
the butt portion 108 from the tab portion 111 of shingle 87.
[0038] Optionally, an additional band 112 of adhesive, shown in
phantom on the upper surface 101 of the shingle 87, may be provided
to form an additional barrier against moisture entry, and to form
an additional barrier against wind uplifting of the shingle 88.
[0039] The shingle 88 likewise has respective butt and tab portions
113, 114, respectively, separated by an imaginary line 115, and
will have on its upper surface 116, an adhesive band 117, similar
to the adhesive band 100 for shingle 87. Also, as with the shingle
87, the shingle 88 may optionally have an additional band 118 of
adhesive (shown in phantom) similar to the band 112 of adhesive for
the shingle 87.
[0040] In FIG. 7, there are schematically shown a starter strip
shingle 120, a field shingle 121 of a first course, and a field
shingle 122 of a second course of shingles, shown in exploded view
preparatory to those shingles being brought together and applied to
a roof deck. The shingles 120-122 are provided with bands of
adhesive 123, 124, that are constructed to be of shapes that enable
them to be nested or interlocked with each other, as shown, when
those bands 123, 124 of adhesive are brought into contact with each
other, as the shingles 120, 121 and 122 are brought together.
[0041] In FIG. 8 an alternative configuration is provided in the
form of triangular configurations of adhesive bands 125, 126,
carried on respective shingles 127, 128 (fragmentally illustrated),
such that the adhesive bands 125, 126 would be brought into full
contact with each other as their sloped surfaces engage with each
other.
[0042] In FIG. 9, yet another configuration is provided for bands
130, 131 of adhesive, carried by fragmentally illustrated shingle
portions 132, 133, such that the band 131 of adhesive can nest
within the recess 134 of adhesive band 130 when the shingles 132,
133, are brought together, also in interlocked, nested
relation.
[0043] In FIG. 10, yet another configuration is provided for bands
135, 136 of adhesive respectively carried by shingles 137, 138,
also fragmentally illustrated, whereby an additional interlocked,
nesting configuration is provided whereby downwardly facing legs
140 of adhesive 136 and upwardly facing legs 141 of respective
adhesive bands 136, 135 can nest within respective recesses 142,
143 of bands 135, 136 of adhesive, when the shingles 137, 138 are
brought together.
[0044] In FIG. 11, yet another interlocked, nesting arrangement is
shown whereby bands 145, 146 of adhesive carried by respective
shingles 147, 148 can be interlocked, by means of the band 145
being disposed within recess 150 of band 146, when the shingles
147, 148 are brought together.
[0045] In FIG. 12, bands 151 and 152 of adhesive carried by
respective shingles 153, 154 are illustrated, in full overlap, with
the bands 151, 152 being illustrated as being triangular in
cross-section, in a manner opposite to the triangular
configurations illustrated in FIG. 8.
[0046] In FIG. 13, there are illustrated bands 160, 161 of adhesive
carried by respective shingles 162, 163, in a manner similar to
those illustrated in FIG. 12, but wherein the bands 160, 161 are
offset relative to each other, as shown, to be in partial contact
with each other when the shingles 162, 163 are brought together in
adhesive securement.
[0047] With respect to the bands of adhesive of the type
illustrated in FIG. 3, where the bands, in pairs 28, 33; 38, 40 and
47, 52 may not actually be in engagement with each other, and most
especially with the bands that are in engagement with each other,
when the shingle layers are brought together, as for example in
FIGS. 6, 7, and any of 8-13, it will be apparent that the different
bands that either are or are not in engagement with each other may
have the same adhesive properties, or they could have different
adhesive properties. For example, opposing bands that are to be in
engagement with each other, such as are shown in FIGS. 6-13, could
have one of the bands of one formation, and another of a different
formation. That is, one of the bands could be more tacky and the
other band with which it is to be in engagement could be stiffer.
Either of the bands could be of a modified asphalt formulation, or
of different compositions, as may render opposing bands that are to
be in engagement with each other to more effectively adhere
together.
[0048] While the particular embodiments of the shingles that are
shown in the drawings are shingles with slots separating the tabs,
it will be apparent that, within the scope of this invention, this
invention applies equally well to shingles having a greater or
fewer number of slots, as well as with shingles having no slots in
the tab areas. Furthermore, the present invention applies to
laminated shingles having a rear layer that is either of
approximately half height (covering the rear surfaces of the tab
portions of the shingles), and/or laminated shingles that have the
rear layers of full height (that is, covering the rear surfaces of
the tab portions of the shingles, as well as the rear surfaces of
the butt or headlap portions of the shingles. The present invention
is therefore applicable to various other types of shingles, for
example, as are set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,205,734; 6,467,235;
6,523,316 and 6,920,730, the complete disclosures of which are
herein incorporated by reference.
[0049] It will be apparent from the foregoing that various
modifications may be made in the adhesive connections between
adjacent shingles as they are brought together, all within the
spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended
claims.
* * * * *