U.S. patent application number 13/731302 was filed with the patent office on 2013-05-16 for thread or sewing thread, and method for producing a thread or a sewing thread.
This patent application is currently assigned to SGL CARBON SE. The applicant listed for this patent is SGL CARBON SE. Invention is credited to REINER BODE, FLORIAN GOJNY, HEIDE GOMMEL, BIRGIT REITER.
Application Number | 20130118142 13/731302 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 44628223 |
Filed Date | 2013-05-16 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130118142 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
GOMMEL; HEIDE ; et
al. |
May 16, 2013 |
THREAD OR SEWING THREAD, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A THREAD OR A
SEWING THREAD
Abstract
A sewing thread is formed as a staple fiber thread. The staple
fiber thread is formed as a spun fiber thread from a staple fiber
material with or from staple fibers. The staple fibers are or
contain carbon fiber materials. A certain proportion or all of the
staple fibers are wholly or partially coated or impregnated as
individual fibers, as groups of individual fibers, or as a whole,
with one or a plurality of coating materials and/or impregnation
materials respectively.
Inventors: |
GOMMEL; HEIDE; (MEITINGEN,
DE) ; REITER; BIRGIT; (MEITINGEN, DE) ; GOJNY;
FLORIAN; (WIESBADEN, DE) ; BODE; REINER;
(MEITINGEN, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SGL CARBON SE; |
Wiesbaden |
|
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
SGL CARBON SE
WIESBADEN
DE
|
Family ID: |
44628223 |
Appl. No.: |
13/731302 |
Filed: |
December 31, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
PCT/EP2010/060290 |
Jun 21, 2011 |
|
|
|
13731302 |
|
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|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
57/232 ;
57/1R |
Current CPC
Class: |
D10B 2101/12 20130101;
D02G 3/02 20130101; D02G 3/46 20130101; D02G 3/16 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
57/232 ;
57/1.R |
International
Class: |
D02G 3/02 20060101
D02G003/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 30, 2010 |
DE |
10 2010 030 773.4 |
Claims
1. A sewing thread, comprising: a staple fiber thread formed as a
spun fiber thread from a staple fiber material with or from staple
fibers; and consisting of or containing carbon fiber materials.
2. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein: a proportion or
all of said staple fibers are wholly or partially coated or
impregnated as individual fibers, as groups of individual fibers,
or as a whole, with one or a plurality of coating materials and/or
impregnation materials respectively.
3. The sewing thread according to claim 2, wherein a content of the
coating materials and/or impregnation materials lies in a range
from substantially 0.1% to substantially 50%.
4. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein said staple
fiber thread is wholly or partially extracted from a multi-filament
thread.
5. The sewing thread according to claim 4, wherein said staple
fiber thread is wholly or partially extracted from a multi-filament
carbon roving.
6. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein said staple
fiber thread is wholly or partially extracted from a stretch-broken
and/or cut multi-filament thread.
7. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein said staple
fiber thread is wholly or partially extracted from a stretch-broken
multi-filament carbon roving.
8. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein said staple
fiber thread is extracted wholly or partially from a structure
selected from the group consisting of a textile surface structure,
a multi-layer mat, a woven fabric, a mesh, a knotted fabric, a
knitted fabric, and combinations thereof.
9. The sewing thread according to claim 8, wherein said staple
fiber thread is extracted wholly or partially from a carbon
multi-layer mat or a carbon woven fabric.
10. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein said staple
fiber thread is formed with or from filaments or filament sections
with a length in a range from approximately 10 mm to approximately
250 mm.
11. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein said staple
fiber thread is formed with or from filaments based on a material
selected from the group consisting of glass material fibers,
acrylic material fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and
combinations thereof.
12. The sewing thread according to claim 11, wherein said staple
fiber thread is a hybrid with a carbon fiber component.
13. The sewing thread according to claim 12, wherein said carbon
fiber component lies in a range of more than 10%.
14. The sewing thread according to claim 1, wherein the coating
and/or the impregnation with the coating material or the
impregnation material respectively is configured as a size.
15. A method for producing a sewing thread, the method which
comprises: forming a staple fiber thread as a sewing thread from a
staple fiber material with or from staple fibers; and forming the
sewing thread with or from one or a plurality of carbon fiber
materials.
16. The method according to claim 15, which comprises forming the
sewing thread as a spun fiber thread from the staple fiber
material.
17. The method according to claim 15, which comprises forming the
staple fiber thread from filaments or filament sections having a
length in a range from approximately 10 mm to approximately 250
mm.
18. A method of producing a textile structure, the method which
comprises: providing a yarn or a sewing thread according to claim
1; and forming the yarn or sewing thread into a two-dimensional
textile structure.
19. The method according to claim 18, which comprises weaving the
yarn or sewing thread into a woven textile structure or a woven
fabric, or forming a multi-layer mat, a mesh, a knotted fabric, a
knitted fabric, or a combination thereof.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a continuation, under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.120, of copending international application No.
PCT/EP2011/060290, filed Jun. 21, 2011, which designated the United
States; this application also claims the priority, under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn. 119, of German patent application No. DE 10 2010 030 773.4,
filed Jun. 30, 2010; the prior applications are herewith
incorporated by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention concerns a thread or a sewing thread,
and also a method for producing a thread or a sewing thread. The
present invention concerns in particular a sewing thread of the
type of a staple fiber thread of carbon, and in particular an
appropriate production method. In addition the present invention
also concerns measures for improving the properties of CF rovings
and CF staple fiber threads, in particular for deployment in an
embedding matrix of elastomers, thermoplastics and/or thermosetting
plastics, such as phenolic resins.
[0003] In the production, processing and use of threads, and in
particular of sewing threads, that is to say of threads that are
deployed and used in sewing processes, limitations and other
problems that cannot be tolerated often occur as a result of the
underlying source materials and their properties.
[0004] These relate to aspects of static and/or dynamic
load-bearing capacity and internal and external friction, and also
in the context of consequential symptoms, e.g. effects on the
thread or sewing thread itself ensuing as a result of internal and
external friction in terms of structure and properties, and also
aspects of contamination of the thread or the application
environment in the context of the friction as a result of abrasion
and similar.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a
thread, sewing thread or a staple fiber thread and a production
method which overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the
heretofore-known devices and methods of this general type and which
provides, in a simple and nevertheless reliable manner, in
particular with simple processability, a property profile of the
thread or sewing thread that is ensured to be as constant as
possible.
[0006] With the foregoing and other objects in view there is
provided, in accordance with the invention, a sewing thread,
comprising:
[0007] a staple fiber thread formed as a spun fiber thread from a
staple fiber material with or from staple fibers; and
[0008] consisting of or containing carbon fiber materials.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a proportion or all of said
staple fibers are wholly or partially coated or impregnated as
individual fibers, as groups of individual fibers, or as a whole,
with one or a plurality of coating materials and/or impregnation
materials respectively.
[0010] In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention a
thread, and in particular a sewing thread, is created, which is
designed as a staple fiber thread, or in the manner of the
latter--in particular as a spun fiber thread of a staple fiber
material with or from staple fibers - and which is designed with or
from one or a plurality of carbon fiber materials.
[0011] Thus it is a first aspect of the present invention to design
a thread or a sewing thread with a particularly constant property
profile, such that this is or will be designed on the basis of a
staple fiber thread, or in the manner of the latter, wherein this
staple fiber thread and finally the thread of the sewing thread
itself is or will be designed with or from one or a plurality of
carbon fiber materials.
[0012] In chemical and physical process engineering and in many
technical fields of application carbon fibers have proven to be
particularly advantageous, because their property profile can be
adjusted in a particularly suitable and constant manner, and as
such are of particular advantage in many areas of deployment in
terms of their mechanical, thermal, chemical and electrical
properties.
[0013] In accordance with an alternative procedure the present
invention creates a thread, and in particular a sewing thread,
which is designed as a staple fiber thread, or in the manner of the
latter - in particular as a spun fiber thread of a staple fiber
material with or from staple fibers- and in which a proportion or
all of the fibers of the fiber material(s) are wholly or partially
coated or impregnated respectively with one or a plurality of
coating materials and/or impregnation materials, either as
individual fibers, as groups of individual fibers, or as a
whole.
[0014] In accordance with the said alternative aspect the design of
a thread or a sewing thread is therefore likewise focused on one
staple fiber thread, or the manner of one staple fiber thread,
wherein the latter and thus the thread or sewing thread itself is
or will be designed with or from one or a plurality of fiber
materials. A limitation to carbon fiber materials does not occur
here in the first instance. In contrast, for purposes of improving
and maintaining the property profile constant, in particular in
terms of static and dynamic load bearing capacity, and/or in terms
of internal and external friction, there is an additional focus
such that a coating and/or impregnation is or will be provided with
a coating material or an impregnation material. Through the
selection of the respective materials for the coating and/or
impregnation, the properties of the individual filaments, the
interactions between the individual filaments, and thus the
properties of the end product, namely the thread or sewing thread,
both in terms of the internal interactions between the fibers and
also in terms of the external interactions between individual fiber
strands, that is to say, sections of the thread or sewing thread,
and also with the environment, can be designed, adjusted and held
constant in an advantageous manner.
[0015] It will be understood, of course, that the two inventive
aspects can be combined with one another.
[0016] On the one hand this means that in the context of the carbon
fiber material based staple fiber thread for the sewing thread
recourse can likewise be made to a partial or complete coating
and/or impregnation, namely in individual filaments or individual
filaments sections, in their groups, or in the whole structure, the
thread or roving.
[0017] On the other hand this means that the generally held thread
or sewing thread on the basis of one or a plurality of fiber
materials can or will be designed in the context of a coating
and/or impregnation on the basis of carbon fiber materials.
[0018] The staple fiber thread can or will be extracted wholly or
partially from a multi-filament thread or roving, in particular
from a multi-filament carbon roving.
[0019] The staple fiber thread can thereby in particular be wholly
or partially extracted from a stretch-broken and/or cut
multi-filament thread or roving, in particular from a
stretch-broken multi-filament carbon roving.
[0020] Furthermore the staple fiber thread can also be extracted
wholly or partially from a textile surface structure, a multi-layer
mat, in particular a carbon multi-layer mat, a woven fabric, in
particular a carbon woven fabric, and/or combinations of these.
[0021] Here the use of recycled materials is particularly
conceivable.
[0022] In addition the staple fiber thread can be formed from
filaments, or filament sections with a length in the range from
approximately 10 mm to approximately 250 mm.
[0023] Various possibilities therefore present themselves, on the
basis of which the underlying staple fiber thread for a thread or a
sewing thread can be developed.
[0024] All aspects can, of course, also be applied to
multi-filament threads and or multi-filament rovings and their
reconfiguration, e.g. their introduction into an enveloping matrix
material, e.g. of an elastomer, a thermoplastic, and/or a
thermosetting plastic, e.g. a phenolic resin, wherein in particular
an impregnation and/or coating, e.g. by means of sizing, or in the
manner of sizing, are suitable so as to develop advantageously
aspects of the static and/or dynamic loading, of the internal
and/or external friction, and/or from the embedding process, and
also interaction with the embedding matrix material, and thus the
transfer of force, thrust and pressure.
[0025] The staple fiber thread can or will be designed with or from
filaments of filament sections on the basis of glass material
fibers, acrylic material fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide
fibers, basalt material fibers, and/or combinations of these, in
particular as a hybrid, or in the manner of the latter, preferably
with a carbon fiber proportion of more than 10%.
[0026] The coating and/or the impregnation with the coating
material or the impregnation material respectively can or will be
formed by means of sizing, and in particular as a size.
[0027] The inventively provided basic principles can also be
applied to other types of fibers other than carbon fibers and
staple fibers, in particular in terms of the coating and/or
impregnation.
[0028] In accordance with further aspects of the present invention
the principles underlying the invention are also introduced in
appropriate production methods in an advantageous manner.
[0029] The present invention therefore also creates on the one hand
a method for the production of a thread or a sewing thread, in
which the thread or sewing thread is designed as a staple fiber
thread, or in the manner of the latter--in particular as a spun
fiber thread from a staple fiber material with or from staple
fibers--and in which the thread or sewing thread is designed with
or from one or a plurality of carbon fiber materials.
[0030] A proportion or all of the fibers of the one or more carbon
fiber materials can thereby be wholly or partially coated or
impregnated with one or a plurality of coating materials and/or
impregnation materials, as individual fibers, as groups of
individual fibers, or as a whole.
[0031] In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention
a method for the production of a thread, or sewing thread, is also
created, in which the thread, or sewing thread, is designed as a
staple fiber thread, or in the manner of the latter--in particular
as a spun fiber thread of a staple fiber material with or from
staple fibers--in which the sewing thread is designed with or from
one or a plurality of fiber materials, and in which a proportion or
all of the fibers of the one or more fiber materials is wholly or
partially coated or impregnated with one or a plurality of coating
materials and/or impregnation materials, as individual fibers, as
groups of individual fibers or as a whole.
[0032] Thereby one or a plurality of fiber materials can be
designed with or from one or a plurality of carbon fiber materials,
e.g. in the manner of a hybrid.
[0033] In accordance with the method the staple fiber thread can be
wholly or partially extracted from a multi-filament thread or
roving, in particular from a multi-filament carbon roving.
[0034] The staple fiber thread can thereby in particular be wholly
or partially extracted from a stretch-broken and/or cut
multi-filament thread or roving, in particular from a
stretch-broken multi-filament carbon roving, wherein the process of
the stretch-breaking and/or cutting can be designed into the method
in an integrated manner.
[0035] On the other hand the staple fiber thread can also be
extracted wholly or partially from a textile surface structure, a
multi-layer mat, in particular a carbon multi-layer mat, a woven
fabric, in particular a carbon woven fabric, and/or combinations of
these, e.g. also within the framework of a recycling process.
[0036] The filaments or filament sections for the staple fiber
thread can be designed with a length in the range from
approximately 10 mm to approximately 250 mm.
[0037] The staple fiber thread can--in addition to the carbon-based
materials--be designed with or from filaments or filament sections
on the basis of glass material fibers, acrylic material fibers,
polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and/or combinations of these,
in particular as a hybrid, or in the manner of the latter,
preferably with a carbon fiber component in the range of more than
10%.
[0038] In accordance with the method the coating and/or the
impregnation with the coating material or the impregnation material
respectively can be formed by means of sizing, and in particular as
a size.
[0039] Other features which are considered as characteristic for
the invention are set forth in the appended claims.
[0040] Although the invention is illustrated and described herein
as embodied in a thread or a sewing thread, and a method for
producing a thread or a sewing thread, it is nevertheless not
intended to be limited to the details shown, since various
modifications and structural changes may be made therein without
departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and
range of equivalents of the claims.
[0041] The construction and method of operation of the invention,
however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof
will be best understood from the following description of specific
embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
[0042] FIGS. 1A-1D are schematic and sectioned cross-sectional
views of various embodiments of the thread or sewing thread
according to the invention;
[0043] FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an
exemplary embodiment of a process according to the invention for
the production of an inventive thread or sewing thread;
[0044] FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic block diagrams that explain the
detailed aspects of exemplary embodiments of a process according to
the invention for the production of an inventive thread or sewing
thread.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0045] The following is a description of a variety of exemplary
embodiments of the invention. All of the embodiments of the
invention, and also their technical features and properties, can be
individually isolated or combined with one another in any manner
and without limitation, as required.
[0046] First, reference is made to the drawings in general, where a
thread is identified with numeral 10 and individual filaments are
identified with numeral 20.
[0047] The present invention also concerns in particular staple
fiber threads of carbon and their production, and also a method and
possibilities for the improvement of the properties of CF rovings
and CF staple fiber threads, in particular for deployment in
elastomers, thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics, e.g.
phenolic resins.
[0048] In the process this leads to tensile forces, which can have
a negative effect on the finished product. As a result of the loads
the filaments 20 can be damaged, and thus the mechanical strengths
can be reduced. Disruptions to the process can also occur, e.g. in
the context of thread tearing or similar.
[0049] With the aid of a rotation in the thread 10 the surface area
can be increased, this rotation serves to protect the compound
thread. However, here too processing is only possible to a limited
extent. The filament threads have a very high strength, but a low
extensibility. If on the other hand a staple fiber thread, i.e. a
spun fiber thread of staple fibers 20, is produced with a limited
length, it is possible to produce a thread 10 with a higher
extensibility.
[0050] For the stretch-broken staple fiber thread a carbon roving
with a high number of filaments can be used as the raw material. On
the other hand, the production of a 1 K roving with a filament
diameter of or less than 6 .mu.m is very cost-intensive.
[0051] Carbon fibers have a high strength, but also a low
ductility, unfortunately. For this reason carbon fibers can only be
processed comparatively slowly and with a comparatively high level
of effort in textile processes.
[0052] Inter alia it is also an objective of the invention to
specify a coating for carbon fibers 20, threads 10 of
stretch-broken fibers 20 or fire-retardant textile fibers 20 (e.g.,
Panox.RTM. available from SGL Carbon, Germany), and also other
brittle fibers, which improve the processing properties.
[0053] The improvement can inter alia also be measured in terms of
the fiber abrasion, the number of fiber fractures, and also the
speed of the process. As a consequence an improvement is then also
hereby achieved in the sewing and operational processes. Threads
sized in this manner can be woven more effectively, which inter
alia results in a higher productivity.
[0054] One exemplary embodiment of a possible inventive production
method can have the following steps: [0055] A. Stretch-breaking
and/or cutting of a multi-filament roving, e.g. a roving of more
than 48 K, or from textile surface structures, e.g. recycled
material from a carbon multi-layer mat or woven fabric, to form
filaments, which have a length in the range from 10 mm to 250 mm.
[0056] B. Untangling and parallelizing in a carding operation.
[0057] C. Production of a strip in a stretching operation. [0058]
D. If required, further processing to form a flyer roving, as a
function of a spinning method to be deployed. [0059] E. Thread
production by means of spinning, e.g. with the aid of a ring
spinning machine, a rotor spinning machine, or a friction spinning
machine. [0060] F. Twisted thread production, e.g. to form a
two-ply thread. [0061] G. Optional treatment with a textile
finishing agent so as to improve the stick/slip behavior, to reduce
the static friction, to increase the dynamic friction, to improve
thermal protection and also the fiber's frictional characteristics,
and to increase its extensibility.
[0062] An exemplary embodiment of the surface treatment can
inventively be based on the following aspects:
[0063] The use of an elastic size with a low glass transition
temperature, for purposes of coating fibers 20 and threads 10,
leads to a more suitable surface, which ensures improved
processability.
[0064] Inter alia, self-crosslinking carboxylated styrene-butadiene
copolymers have proved to be particularly suitable, which crosslink
in a thermal drying process.
[0065] In addition to a very smooth surface, the electrical
contactability of the fibers represents an interesting property.
Here deployment as a heating conductor in conveying equipment, as
hoses or in hoses, conveyor belts, heatable surface structures,
etc., is conceivable.
[0066] By virtue of the flexibility, a gentle transmission of
thrust between the fibers 20, and thus a good introduction of force
into the whole strand 10, or the whole thread 10, is ensured.
[0067] This process is equally suitable for the treatment of all
types of fibers, in particular, however, of carbon and ceramic
fibers.
[0068] Furthermore, good compatibility with elastomer matrices can
also be ensured in this manner.
[0069] In terms of the improvement of properties of CF rovings and
CF staple fiber threads, in particular for deployment in elastomers
or thermoplastics, the improvement of the process properties is in
particular realized in terms of the reduction and/or avoidance of
abrasion, in particular in structures that are created by means of
braiding, sewing, weaving or similar.
[0070] The avoidance of friction between individual filaments,
which is also designated as internal friction, is enabled by means
of partial or complete coating, impregnation and/or enveloping of a
particular individual filament, or a section of an individual
filament, with a thermoplastic or another appropriate material that
reduces friction. By this means improved stability is achieved, in
particular in the event of dynamic loading. This can concern
applications such as lift cables, drive belts, conveyor belts or
similar.
[0071] Furthermore by the impregnation, coating and/or enveloping
improved integration of a CF roving, CF staple fiber thread or of
the particular individual filaments in matrix systems, e.g. of
rubber, thermoplastics, and/or thermosetting plastics, is also
possible. Furthermore, by means of such impregnation, embedding
and/or coating, improvement of the transmission of force, thrust
and/or pressure can also be achieved.
[0072] For this purpose appropriate inventive methods for the
introduction of thermoplastic fibers 20 and/or materials into
continuous rovings or filament threads are described. Since such
processes can also be undertaken with the supply of heat, such
forms of embodiment ensure that the thermoplastic melts and
provides complete integration of the CF filaments. The complete
integration and protection of the filaments 20 or filament sections
20 reduces the internal friction between the filaments and in this
manner enhances the dynamic strength of the product.
[0073] Impregnation 40 and/or coating 30 of the fibers 20, fiber
groups 25, or the thread 10 as a whole, on the one hand reduces or
prevents the generation of dust as a result of abrasion, but on the
other hand it also reduces or prevents the adhesion of dust
generated or existing on the fibers 20, the fiber groups 25, or the
thread 10 as a whole.
[0074] Referring now to the figures of the drawing in more detail
and first, particularly, to FIGS. 1A to 1D thereof, there is shown
a schematic cross-sectional view of various exemplary embodiments
of an inventive thread 10 or sewing thread 10.
[0075] In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1A a group 25 or a
bundle 25 of individual filaments 20 or fibers 20 of a fiber
material 20' is represented in a schematic cross-sectional view;
after an appropriate spinning process as a group 25 or bundle 25
these form a thread 10 and in particular a sewing thread 10.
[0076] Here it is essential to the invention that the actual fibers
20 take the form of staple fibers, that is to say, fiber or
filament sections of a finite length, which have been or will be
spun together by way of a spinning process. The material 20 of the
underlying fibers 20 or filaments 20 is preferably a carbon
material, such that the filaments 20 or fibers 20 can be designated
as carbon fibers to a greater or lesser degree.
[0077] In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 B the individual
fibers or filaments 20 on their surfaces 20a, that is to say, the
covering surfaces 20a of the fibers 20 or filaments 20 are formed
with a coating 30 of a coating material 30'.
[0078] In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1C the individual fibers
20 or filaments 20 over their surfaces 20a, that is to say, over
their covering surfaces 20a, are designed with an impregnation 40
with an impregnation material 40'. This means that the impregnation
material 40' penetrates into, or is driven into the surfaces 20a of
the fibers 20 or filaments 20, so as to effect a surface
modification.
[0079] The representations of FIG. 1B with the coating 30, and of
FIG. 1C with the impregnation 40, represent extreme views of the
conditions that are to be anticipated in reality. As a rule mixing
processes will start to occur as soon as a coating material 30' or
an impregnation material 40' is applied onto the surface 20a of any
fiber 20 or any filament 20. This means that the applied materials
30', 40' on the one hand will implement or promote a coating 30,
but on the other hand will also promote impregnation 40.
[0080] In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1D the group 25 or
bundle 25 of the majority of the fibers 20 or fiber segments 20 is
embedded in an embedding matrix 50 with or from an embedding
material 50', such that the surfaces 20a of the individual or
single fibers 20 or fiber sections 20 can no longer be seen.
[0081] Needless to say the aspects discussed in the context of the
forms of embodiment of FIGS. 1B and 1C can also be combined with
the embedding matrix 50, in that e.g. fibers 20 or fiber sections
20 designed with a coating 30 or impregnation 40 can be embedded as
a group 25 in total in an embedding matrix 50.
[0082] FIG. 2 shows, in the manner of a schematic block diagram,
aspects of a exemplary embodiment of the inventive method for the
production of an inventive thread 10 or sewing thread 10.
[0083] After a preparatory step S0, staple fibers, or a staple
fiber material, are prepared in a following step S1.
[0084] In an intermediate processing step S2 the prepared staple
fiber material is optionally intermediately processed, in order
e.g. to resolve or produce a particular arrangement of the staple
fibers, or to execute a surface treatment or similar. This
intermediate processing step S2 is, however, optional and is only
to be provided in certain forms of embodiment of the inventive
production method, i.e. it is not essential in every exemplary
embodiment of the invention.
[0085] After this there follows the step of the actual production
of the thread 10 or sewing thread 10, namely a process of spinning
S3 of the prepared and, if required, intermediately processed, or
intermediately treated, staple fibers.
[0086] A post-processing step can then follow, in which the thus
ensuing product is seen as a pre-thread, which e.g. is still to be
surface treated and/or introduced into an embedding matrix 50.
[0087] The final step S5 completes the process.
[0088] FIG. 3 shows sub-aspects of the step S1 of the preparation
of the staple fibers, or the staple fiber material.
[0089] In the exemplary embodiment presented here a roving, e.g. in
the sense of a multi-filament roving, preferably on the basis of a
carbon fiber material, if required, however, also on the basis of
other fiber materials, is thereby firstly prepared in a first
sub-step T1.
[0090] This is then followed by a process T2 of so-called
stretch-breaking and/or cutting, in which the intrinsically
continuous individual filaments of the roving are subdivided in a
more less defined manner into fiber or filament segments or
sections. This subdivided material then forms the source material
for the further processing processes.
[0091] Alternatively sections of fiber material that are already
available can, for example, also be provided for this purpose;
these originate, for example, from a recycling process and use
fiber material waste, for example, in a felt-like manner.
[0092] FIG. 4 shows sub-aspects of the optional intermediate
processing step S2.
[0093] In this exemplary embodiment the prepared basic staple fiber
material is untangled and/or rendered parallel in a first sub-step
U1, and in particular by means of a so-called carding
operation.
[0094] This is then followed by a second sub-step U2 of the
production of a strip in a stretching operation.
[0095] In a third sub-step U3 intermediate processing then follows
to form a so-called roving or flyer roving.
[0096] As has already been described above, the actual production
of the thread 10 or sewing thread 10 takes place within the
framework of a spinning process for the underlying staple fiber
material, e.g. using a ring spinning machine, a rotor spinning
machine, or a friction spinning machine.
[0097] For purposes of improving the properties and in particular
for purposes of increasing the stability of the thread 10 or sewing
thread 10, the fundamental thread obtained can be seen as a
pre-thread and subjected to a twisting process, in order e.g. to
create a two-ply thread or similar.
[0098] Before or after a finishing process can take place in the
form of a coating, sizing, impregnation and/or an embedding
process.
[0099] The following tables show properties of forms of embodiment
of inventively produced threads 10 or sewing threads 10.
EXAMPLE 1
TABLE-US-00001 [0100] Dimensional Physical property unit Numerical
average value Tensile strength (impregnated) MPa 2,750 Tensile
strength (dry) MPa 1,000 Thread strength N 43 Young's modulus
(tensile) GPa 220 Extension (impregnated) % 1.1 Density g/cm.sup.3
1.79 Knot tensile strength N 2.2 Loop tensile strength N 14.4
Electrical resistance .OMEGA./m averaged 405 Specific electrical
resistance .OMEGA./m 16.7 Staple fiber length mm average: 123 max:
220 min: 15 Twist Tpm 310 S/230 T
EXAMPLE 2
TABLE-US-00002 [0101] Dimensional Physical property unit Numerical
average value Tensile strength (impregnated) MPa 2,950 Tensile
strength (dry) MPa 820 Thread strength N 90 Young's modulus
(tensile) GPa 200 Extension (impregnated) % 1.4 Density g/cm.sup.3
1.79 Knot tensile strength N 2.7 Loop tensile strength N 60
Electrical resistance .OMEGA./m averaged 140 Specific electrical
resistance .OMEGA./m 16.0 Staple fiber length mm average: 123 max:
220 min: 15 Twist Tpm 310 S/230 T
[0102] In a further development of the inventive method a textile
structure is designed with or from the thread 10 or sewing thread
10, in particular by means of a web process, preferably as a
two-dimensional textile, or in the manner of the latter, as a woven
fabric, a multi-layer mat, a mesh, a knotted fabric, a knitted
fabric, or in the manner of these, and/or in combinations of
these.
* * * * *