U.S. patent application number 13/726843 was filed with the patent office on 2013-05-09 for method and apparatus for object recognition and warning system of a primary vehicle for nearby vehicles.
The applicant listed for this patent is Barry Markman, Dave Thomas. Invention is credited to Barry Markman, Dave Thomas.
Application Number | 20130117125 13/726843 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40431283 |
Filed Date | 2013-05-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130117125 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Thomas; Dave ; et
al. |
May 9, 2013 |
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBJECT RECOGNITION AND WARNING SYSTEM OF A
PRIMARY VEHICLE FOR NEARBY VEHICLES
Abstract
A vehicle to vehicle warning system comprises a transmitter
associated with a primary vehicle alerting one or more secondary
vehicles of its proximity through a receiver. The transmitter may
emit a radio frequency signal which activates radio frequency
receivers in surrounding vehicles. When in appropriate proximity,
the signal is configured to initiate a warning at the secondary
vehicle, such as light from a light-emitting device or sound from a
sound-generating device. In another form, the primary vehicle
includes a passive transmitter and the secondary vehicle includes a
multi-frequency resonance tag/circuit having distinct frequencies
for detection and discrimination. The passive transmitter creates
electromagnetic waves which are generated as it passes by the
secondary vehicle housing the multi-frequency resonance tag,
setting off the secondary vehicle alarm system.
Inventors: |
Thomas; Dave; (Wauconda,
IL) ; Markman; Barry; (Las Vegas, NV) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Thomas; Dave
Markman; Barry |
Wauconda
Las Vegas |
IL
NV |
US
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
40431283 |
Appl. No.: |
13/726843 |
Filed: |
December 26, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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12229304 |
Aug 20, 2008 |
8350720 |
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13726843 |
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11820847 |
Jun 20, 2007 |
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12229304 |
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60815353 |
Jun 21, 2006 |
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60966112 |
Aug 24, 2007 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
705/14.63 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06Q 30/0266 20130101;
G08G 1/0965 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
705/14.63 |
International
Class: |
G06Q 30/02 20120101
G06Q030/02 |
Claims
1. A vehicle information system comprising: a transmitter
associated with a first vehicle, said transmitter configured to
actively transmit a first signal; a receiver associated with a
merchant location, said receiver configured to receive said first
signal when said first vehicle is within range of said second
location; a transmitter associated with said merchant location,
said transmitter configured to transmit a second signal to said
first vehicle upon receipt of said first signal; and a receiver
associated with said first vehicle, said receiver configured to
receive said second signal and provide information at said first
vehicle, said information comprising advertising regarding goods or
services offered by said merchant.
2. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said merchant
location is a building.
3. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said merchant
location comprises a store.
4. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said information
comprises pricing of goods or services of said merchant.
5. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said information
is presented via the controller of the first vehicle into the audio
or video system at said first vehicle.
6. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first signal
includes vehicle identification information.
7. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first signal
is encoded.
8. The system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said second signal
is encoded for use solely by said receiver of said first
vehicle.
9. The system in accordance with claim 1 further comprising means
for detecting an operating condition of said transmitter and
receiver of said first vehicle, said means configured to trigger an
alarm or deactivation signal to said first vehicle if an inoperable
condition is detected.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION DATA
[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 12/229,304, filed on Aug. 20, 2008, which is a
continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
11/820,847, filed Jun. 20, 2007, which claims priority to U.S.
Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/815,353, filed Jun. 21,
2006, and also claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent
Application Ser. No. 60/966,112, filed Aug. 24, 2007, and U.S.
Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/995,173, filed Sep. 24,
2007.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for
providing a vehicle to vehicle warning system. More specifically,
the invention is a method and apparatus by which a primary vehicle,
such as an ambulance, fire truck, police car, school bus, or train,
warns of its proximity to one or more secondary vehicles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] In order to provide a warning to others, vehicles such as
ambulances, fire trucks and police cars ("primary vehicles") may
utilize loud sirens or flashing lights. Those warnings are
generally provided for drivers of other vehicles ("secondary
vehicles"). Unfortunately, these warning methods are often not
effective, not being heard or seen by drivers or passengers of the
secondary vehicles. Other warning means may provide warnings via
the secondary vehicle radio. However, communications systems that
utilize a secondary vehicle's radio are also not particularly
effective, since the driver of the vehicle may not have their radio
turned on.
[0004] Various prior art exists which describes signal generators
and use of those signals. However, this prior art does not teach or
suggest a warning signal system which is effective for use with
vehicles.
[0005] U.S. Pat. No. 5,661,470 (Karr) This invention relates to LC
responders and particularly to LC responders that are placed within
objects such as toys. In operation, an interrogation or base unit
sends a pulse and passive responders reply with their unique
frequency which is sensed by the base unit triggering a particular
response such as turning on a motor etc.
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 4,023,167 (Wahlstrom) teaches a system in
which bursts of radio frequency are transmitted to excite and
thereby detect the presence of passive resonant circuits. If a
circuit is resonant at a particular burst frequency, it is excited,
rings and emits a radio frequency signal. Following each
transmitted burst, a receiver is turned on to receive energy
emitted by the resonant circuit so that if a resonant circuit is
excited, its emitted energy is received and the particular resonant
circuit can be identified.
[0007] U.S. Pat. No. 3,863,244 (Lichtblau) is an electronic
security system adapted having improved noise discrimination for
use in a controlled area such as a retail store and employing a
multi-frequency resonance tag circuit having distinct frequencies
for detection and discrimination.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 3,895,368 (Gordon) describes an apparatus in
which a microwave signal generator projects an electromagnetic wave
into a space under surveillance to establish a first field. A pulse
or frequency modulated low frequency generator is used to apply a
voltage to a discontinuous conductor for establishing a second
field, electrostatic in nature, throughout the space. Presence in
the space of a miniature, passive, electromagnetic wave
receptor-reradiator in the form of a semi-conductive diode
connected to a dipole antenna causes the reradiation of the low
frequency component modulated on the microwave component as a
carrier. The front end of a receiver system is tuned to the
microwave frequency signal. A coincidence circuit energizes an
alarm circuit whenever the detected signal coincides with the
original modulation envelope being applied to the low frequency
generator.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The present invention is an inexpensive, simple, and
independent warning system for a primary vehicle to alert its
proximity to a plurality of secondary vehicles. These secondary
vehicles will then be able to yield in a timely fashion to the
primary vehicle.
[0010] In one embodiment, a primary vehicle is equipped with a
transmitter and the secondary vehicles are equipped with receivers,
and the secondary vehicles are configured to provide or initiate a
warning in the event a signal is detected from a primary vehicle.
The transmitter and/or signal may be active, such as a transmitter
transmitting a wireless signal, or passive, such as a
transmitter/signal which is detectable by the secondary
vehicle.
[0011] One aspect of the invention is a method and apparatus that
comprises a radio transmitter in the primary vehicle and radio
receivers in the secondary vehicles.
[0012] Another form of the invention relates to a method and
apparatus that comprises the primary vehicle housing a
multi-frequency a microwave signal generator which transmits an
electromagnetic wave into secondary vehicles which house a receiver
system tuned to the microwave frequency signal. A coincidence
circuit energizes an alarm circuit whenever the detected signal
coincides with the original modulation envelope being applied to
the low frequency generator.
[0013] In yet another embodiment, the transmitter associated with
the primary vehicle is passive and configured to be detected by
receiver or detector associated with the secondary vehicle(s). Such
a system may employ radio frequency identification devices
(RFIDs).
[0014] The warning system preferably includes a warning device in
the secondary vehicle. The warning system may comprise an existing
audio system of the vehicle, where the system is configured to
generate an audible and/or visible warning.
[0015] Further objects, features, and advantages of the present
invention over the prior art will become apparent from the detailed
description of the drawings which follows, when considered with the
attached figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates an active vehicle to vehicle warning
system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, wherein
a primary vehicle includes a transmitter configured to generate and
transmit a warning signal for detection by one or more secondary
vehicles;
[0017] FIG. 2 illustrates a passive vehicle to vehicle warning
system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, wherein
a primary vehicle which includes a passive transmitter which is
detected by a detector of a secondary vehicle; and
[0018] FIG. 3 schematically illustrates secondary vehicle warning
system of the invention wherein a receiver is associated with an
existing audio system of the secondary vehicle.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0019] In the following description, numerous specific details are
set forth in order to provide a more thorough description of the
present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in
the art, that the present invention may be practiced without these
specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not
been described in detail so as not to obscure the invention.
[0020] In general, the invention is a system and method for
providing warnings to vehicles. In one embodiment, a primary
vehicle includes a transmitter. The transmitter may be passive,
such as to be detected by a secondary vehicle. The transmitter may
alternatively be active, such as to transmit a wireless signal.
Preferably, the system and method allow a secondary vehicle to be
provided a warning regarding the presence of a primary vehicle. The
invention may also be utilized to provide warnings to secondary
vehicles from areas or objects other than primary vehicles. For
example, secondary vehicles may be provided with a warning
regarding a construction zone or area.
[0021] Primary Vehicle with Active Transmitter
[0022] In one embodiment, a primary vehicle is configured to
transmit a wireless signal to a secondary vehicle. The primary
vehicle is preferably equipped with or otherwise includes a signal
generator/transmitter. The wireless signal may be of a variety of
types, including digital or analog and be at various
frequencies.
[0023] In one embodiment, a primary vehicle includes a radio
transmitter. The radio transmitter can emit signals on a variable
basis with respect to distance and frequency. The signal can be
independent or dependent on the primary vehicle's speed or
distance. The device which emits the signal can be manually or
automatically activated.
[0024] The frequency of the signal may be, for instance, a Very Low
Frequency (VLF). The signal is transmitted from the primary vehicle
for receipt by one or more secondary vehicles. In one embodiment,
the secondary vehicle includes an appropriate receiver for
receiving/detecting the transmitted signal. Preferably, the
received signal is utilized to create a warning event.
[0025] In one embodiment, a detected VLF signal is modulated to a
visual and auditory early warning signal in the secondary vehicle.
The VLF signal may be modulated or otherwise utilized to alter the
existing electronics, such as the radio, of the secondary vehicle.
The Very Low Frequency signal may act as a form of Electromagnetic
Interference or EMI.
[0026] Electromagnetic Interference or EMI, has been defined as the
"degradation of the performance of a piece of equipment,
transmission channel, or system caused by an electromagnetic
disturbance." (ANSI C63.14, 1992; IEC 60050(161), 1990). EMI can
occur throughout the EM spectrum from 0 Hz to 20 GHz or higher
frequencies. However, EMI problems are most prevalent in the RF
frequencies. For an Electromagnetic Interference or EMI condition
to exist, the following conditions must be present:
[0027] (1) There must be a source. An interference source is called
an "emitter" of electromagnetic energy. The emitter may propagate
electromagnetic energy either intentionally, like a hand held
radio, or unintentionally, like a power transformer.
[0028] (2) There must be a device sometimes referred to as the
"victim", that is susceptible to the electromagnetic energy being
emitted by the emitter source. If the susceptible device does not
have sufficient immunity to reject the energy it is being exposed
to, electromagnetic interference may occur.
[0029] (3) A physical relationship must exist between the two
devices wherein they share a common propagated electromagnetic
field. The physical distance between devices and their spatial
orientation with respect to each other may have a significant role
in determining whether the devices will react with each other.
[0030] The sensitivity of a device to EMI is described by either
susceptibility or immunity. Since susceptibility to EMI varies with
many factors, devices can be placed into an active electromagnetic
field without user awareness that a potential EMI problem may
exist. Adjacent devices may also unintentionally radiate
electromagnetic fields that can, in turn, affect other devices.
[0031] The frequency, for instance, can be a Radio Frequency
Interference Signal. The signal may be transmitted to the receiver
in the secondary vehicle. The VLF signal is then modulated to a
visual and auditory early warning signal in the secondary vehicle.
The VLF signal is then modulated to alter the existing electronics,
including the radio, of the secondary vehicle.
[0032] Radio frequency interference (RFI) is electromagnetic
radiation which is emitted by electrical circuits carrying rapidly
changing signals, as a by-product of their normal operation, and
which causes unwanted signals (interference or noise) to be induced
in other circuits. This interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise
degrades or limits the effective performance of those other
circuits. It can be induced intentionally, as in some forms of
electronic warfare, or unintentionally, as a result of spurious
emissions and responses, intermodulation products, and the like. It
is also known as electromagnetic interference or EMI. RFI
frequently affects the reception of AM radio in urban areas. It can
also affect FM radio and television reception, although to a lesser
extent.
[0033] The most important means of reducing RFI are: use of bypass
or "decoupling" capacitors on each active device (connected across
the power supply, as close to the device as possible), risetime
control of high speed signals using series resistors and VCC
filtering. Shielding is usually a last resort after other
techniques have failed because of the added expense of RF gaskets
and the like.
[0034] The efficiency of the radiation is dependent on the height
above the ground or power plane (at RF one is as good as the other)
and the length of the conductor in relationship to the wavelength
of the signal component (fundamental, harmonic or transient
(overshoot, undershoot or ringing)). At lower frequencies, such as
133 MHz, radiation is almost exclusively via I/O cables; RF noise
gets onto the power planes and is coupled to the line drivers via
the VCC and ground pins. The RF is then coupled to the cable
through the line driver as common node noise. Since the noise is
common mode, shielding has very little effect, even with
differential pairs. The RF energy is capacitively coupled from the
signal pair to the shield and the shield itself does the radiating.
One cure for this is to use a braid-breaker to reduce the common
mode signal.
[0035] At higher frequencies, usually above 500 MHz, traces get
electrically longer and higher above the plane. Two techniques are
used at these frequencies: wave shaping with series resistors and
embedding the traces between the two planes.
[0036] Referring to FIG. 1, the one or more secondary vehicles SV
include a detector configured to detect the signal emitted by the
transmitter of the primary vehicle PV. The detector may comprise a
receiver, such as a radio frequency receiver configured to receive
radio frequency signals.
[0037] In one embodiment, the transmitter is associated with the
primary vehicle, such as being housed within or otherwise mounted
to the primary vehicle. The transmitter may be powered by one or
more power sources, such as an electrical system of the vehicle, a
battery or the like. Similarly, the detector is associated with the
secondary vehicle, such as being housed within or otherwise mounted
to the secondary vehicle. As with the transmitter of the primary
vehicle, the detector may be powered by various power sources, such
as the electrical system of the secondary vehicle or a battery.
[0038] As detailed below, the system preferably includes one or
more warning devices for the secondary vehicle. The warning devices
may be integral with the detector of the secondary vehicle, or
comprise other elements, such as an existing audio and/or video
system of the secondary vehicle. In one embodiment, in the event
the detector detects a signal from the transmitter, a warning is
provided at the secondary vehicle. This may comprise the detector
generating a signal which is output to the warning device, such as
a signal which causes an audible or visible warning to be displayed
at the secondary vehicle.
[0039] Primary Vehicle with Passive Transmitter
[0040] In another embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the primary
vehicle PV may be provided with a passive transmitter. In such a
configuration, the secondary vehicle SV may be configured to detect
the presence of the passive transmitter, such as by itself
transmitting a signal.
[0041] In one embodiment, the primary vehicle may be configured
with an electronic tag, while the secondary vehicle may be
configured with a transmitter or receiver configured to detect the
presence, in a controlled space or area, of that tag (and thus
primary vehicle). For example, the system may include a radio
frequency identifier, or other passively detectable element such as
a miniature, passive electric signal receptor-reradiator configured
to provide a warning of the presence of a primary vehicle to a
secondary vehicle.
[0042] The tag, such as radio frequency identifier, may be
configured to be detected by a detector associated with the
secondary vehicle.
[0043] In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there
is provided a method of detecting, within a confined space, an
electric signal receptor-reradiator which has signal-mixing
capability. The method may comprise the steps of simultaneously
establishing in the controlled space first and second energy
fields. The first energy field is chosen to be electromagnetic in
nature and is produced by a continuous microwave signal for causing
the receptor-reradiator to return a signal there from. The second
field is chosen to be electrostatic in nature established by
applying signal voltage to a discontinuous conductor relative to a
point of reference potential and having a sufficiently low
frequency to enable it to be confined substantially to the
controlled space. Detection in the space of a signal consisting of
a carrier and modulation components where the components are due
respectively to said first and second fields is indicative of the
presence of the receptor-reradiator therein.
[0044] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,
there is provided a vehicle to vehicle warning system for detecting
the presence in a controlled space of a receptor-reradiator, said
system comprising in combination a source of continuous microwave
signals, means coupled to the source of microwave signals for
propagating through said space an electromagnetic wave
corresponding to the microwave signals, a source of low frequency
signals, a discontinuous conductor coupled to the source of low
frequency signals for establishing through the space an
electrostatic field corresponding to the low frequency signals,
signal detecting means, means for coupling the detecting means with
the space for receiving signals there from the detecting means
being constructed and arranged to detect the low frequency signals
only when received as modulation on a carrier signal whose
frequency bears a predetermined relationship to that of the
microwave signals, and means coupled to the detecting means for
providing an alarm responsive to the detection of the low frequency
signals.
[0045] Once again, in this embodiment, the passive transmitter is
preferably associated with the primary vehicle, such as by being
mounted to or associated with the primary vehicle. The detector of
the secondary vehicle is similarly associated. Further, this
embodiment system preferably also again includes at least one
warning device for providing a warning at the secondary
vehicle.
EXAMPLES
[0046] As one example of the invention, a passenger vehicle may
have an active transmitter associated therewith, i.e. the vehicle
transmits a signal without being externally prompted, such as by
transmitting a signal without prompting by an external trigger
signal (as indicated below, for example, such an active transmitter
may be configured by a manufacturer of the vehicle to always
transmit a signal). This transmitter may send a first signal which
may be received by a receiver of a primary vehicle (such as an
emergency vehicle). In one embodiment, the active transmitter may
send a variety of signals and/or information. This information may,
but need not be, encoded (such as encrypted). For example, each
secondary vehicle, such as passenger vehicle, may transmit a
vehicle identification number (VIN), vehicle registration
number/license plate, randomly generated number or the like. The
primary vehicle receiver is configured to receive (if the signal is
in range) and, if necessary, decode that signal.
[0047] The primary vehicle may also be configured with a
transmitter which is configured to respond to the receipt of the
signal from the secondary vehicle with a responsive or second
signal, as illustrated in FIG. 2. Such a responsive signal is
transmitted from the primary vehicle back to the secondary vehicle
(with or without encoding/encryption) for reception at the
secondary vehicle. Once again, this return signal may be a variety
of signals and/or information. For example, the information may be
encoded, and may be configured to be received only by the original
source (i.e. the vehicle having the VIN or other identifier which
transmitted the original active signal). For example, the secondary
vehicle receiver may be configured to decode only signals received
from a primary vehicle which match the vehicle's VIN or other
identifier.
[0048] In one embodiment, this concept may be applied to other
types of environments. For example, a passive receiver/transmitter
may be located at a primary location other than a vehicle, such as
store or the like. In such a configuration, a vehicle traveling in
the area sends out an active signal which is received at the
secondary location, such as a store. In response, the transmitter
at the store may be configured to transmit a responsive or second
signal back to the vehicle. This signal might be an advertisement
or the like. For example, vehicle traveling on the freeway might
send a signal which is detected by a local gas station, and the gas
station may send a signal back that causes information to be
provided at the vehicle (such as via a display, GPS or audio system
at the vehicle) of the location of the gas station, gas prices or
the like. In such a configuration, the system may primarily act as
a system for providing information to a vehicle in proximity to a
particular location.
[0049] Of course, a wide variety of information might be
transmitted back to the secondary vehicle upon receipt of the
signal therefrom. This information might comprise a warning of an
emergency vehicle, other warnings such as weather warning or road
closures, commercial advertising and the like.
[0050] In one embodiment, the signal which is transmitted back to
the secondary vehicle from the passive receiver/transmitter might
be utilized by the secondary vehicle to provide other than
warnings. For example, upon receipt of the signal from a secondary
vehicle, a police officer in a nearby car might cause a signal to
be transmitted back to the vehicle which causes the vehicle engine
to be shut off (such as in the case of a fleeing suspect). In this
regard, the receiver at the secondary vehicle may be integrated
into or otherwise control various aspects of the vehicle's control
system.
[0051] In one embodiment, one or more safeguard or security
features may be employed to ensure that the system is operable
relative to a particular secondary vehicle. For example, the
secondary vehicle may be equipped with a relay, sensor or other
means for detecting the operation of the transmitter/receiver
associated therewith. If the transmitter/receiver is detected as
not being operable or not operating correctly, a warning may be
provided to the operator of the secondary vehicle or the secondary
vehicle may be disabled. A warning might comprise a visual or audio
alert. Disablement of the vehicle might be accomplished through an
ignition circuit, computer engine control or the like. Similarly,
means may also be provided for ensuring that signals are being
transmitted and received properly, and for providing an alert or
disabling the vehicle if such a condition is not confirmed. For
example, the transmitter/receiver may be configured to send a test
or link signal (at start up or periodically) to the passive
receiver/transmitter of the primary vehicle (or even network
response devices positioned in various locations), which sends a
response. If a response it not confirmed, such as in the case
signals are being jammed, the transmitter/receiver of the secondary
vehicle may again be configured to provide an alarm or disable the
secondary vehicle. Such features may be utilized to prevent a
vehicle owner from disabling their transmitter/receiver or jamming
the signal transmitted from their vehicle to prevent its
operation.
[0052] In one embodiment, the active transmitter at the secondary
vehicle may always be active (such as configured by the
manufacturer to always transmit or transmit when the vehicle is
running). In other embodiments, the operator might turn the system,
or features thereof, on or off. For example, the operator of the
secondary vehicle might not wish to obtain advertising from local
businesses as they drive by, so they might turn off the transmitter
or at least that feature. As detailed below, these features may be
configured via software and/or hardware, and appropriate user
interfaces and inputs (such as user input buttons or touch
screens), may be provided for implementing the features.
[0053] Various aspects of the invention will now be
appreciated.
[0054] One aspect of the invention is a vehicle equipped with a
signal producing transmitter, such as a radio-frequency transmitter
employing one or more oscillators to generate a radio-frequency
signal. The invention may also comprise a device housed in a
primary vehicle to modulate imprinting data, intelligence, onto an
electric current or electromagnetic wave by varying amplitude,
frequency, or phase of the wave (carrier) to effect emission. The
transmitter may also be configured to transmit a digital signal,
including such a signal encoded with information.
[0055] In one embodiment, a secondary vehicle includes at least one
device, such as a receiver. In one embodiment, the receiver may
simply be configured to detect the presence of a signal emitted by
the transmitter of the primary vehicle, or receive and/or convert
such a signal, such as by converting EM waves into the original
signals sent from a distant transmitter. The device may comprise a
crystal set acting as a demodulator to recover the modulating
waveform from the signal, a direct-conversion receiver which mixes
incoming signals with the output of a variable-frequency local
oscillator, or a superheterodyne receiver to obtain an output
signal that is always at the same frequency, or within a fixed,
narrow range of frequencies.
[0056] The secondary vehicle receiver or other device may be
configured to modify sensitivity to produce a certain
signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) or signal-plus-noise-to-noise ratio
(S+N/N), to modify selectivity to determine the receivers passband,
or range of signal frequencies that is allowed through the system
at any given time, to control the receivers dynamic range, a
measure of the extent to which a receiver can maintain a fairly
constant output, as well as, keep or eliminate signals from weak to
strong, and/or to control noise figure, a measure of the amount of
noise a radio generates inside its own circuits.
[0057] The device may also comprise an RF amplifier, or front end,
that includes selective filters between an amplifier and an
antenna, which determine the dynamic range and sensitivity of the
receiver, which converts the variable signal frequency to a
constant IF, or provide IF stages, where selectivity can be
obtained utilizing filters, including digital signal processing, to
achieve the desired bandwidths and responses.
[0058] The device may include a detector which extracts information
or intelligence from the signal. The signal may be amplified
suitable to listening with a speaker or viewing by a display.
[0059] The device may include a processor, computer readable code
(software) and other appropriate hardware, such as data storage or
memory devices (such as RAM). A shift register may be implemented
in software in the microprocessor, said microprocessor software
reads in each bit, shifts said bits to bytes, and stores the bytes
in RAM.
[0060] As indicated above, the method and system of the invention
may be implemented in a variety of configurations.
[0061] In one embodiment, the invention is a method and apparatus
for a vehicle to vehicle warning system within a confined area to
detect the presence in the area or space of an electric signal
receptor-reradiator with signal mixing capability, the method
comprising the steps of simultaneously establishing in the space
first and second energy fields, the first field being
electromagnetic in nature and produced by a continuous microwave
signal for causing the receptor-reradiator to return a signal there
from, the second field being electrostatic in nature established by
applying a signal voltage to a discontinuous conductor relative to
a point of reference potential and having a sufficiently low
frequency to enable it to be confined substantially to said space,
and detecting the presence in the space of a signal consisting of a
carrier and modulation components where the components are due
respectively to the first and second fields and where the second
field may be produced with a frequency modulated signal.
[0062] Another embodiment of the invention is a method and
apparatus for a vehicle to vehicle warning system within a confined
area for detecting the presence of a miniature passive
electromagnetic wave receptor-reradiator with signal mixing
capability, the system comprising in combination, a source of
continuous microwave signals, means coupled to a source of
microwave signals for propagating through space an electromagnetic
wave corresponding to the microwave signals, a source of low
frequency signals, a discontinuous conductor coupled to aid in
establishing low frequency signals for establishing through said
space an electrostatic field corresponding to said low frequency
signals, the low frequency signals having a sufficiently low
frequency to enable the electrostatic field to be confined
substantially to the area or space, signal detecting means, means
for coupling the detecting means with the space for receiving
signals there from, the detecting means being constructed and
arranged to detect said low frequency signals only when received as
modulation on a carrier signal whose frequency bears a
predetermined relationship to that of the microwave signals, and
means coupled to the detecting means for providing an alarm
responsive to detection of the low frequency signals, and where the
discontinuous conductor may comprise a plate-like member.
[0063] Yet another embodiment of the invention is a method and
apparatus for a vehicle to vehicle warning system within a confined
area for detecting the presence in a controlled space of a
miniature passive diode-dipole electromagnetic wave
receptor-reradiator with signal mixing capability, the system
comprising, in combination, a source of microwave signals, means
coupled to the source of microwave signals for propagating through
the space an electromagnetic wave corresponding to the microwave
signals, a source of low frequency signals, a discontinuous
conductor coupled to the source of low frequency signals for
establishing through the space an electrostatic field corresponding
to the low frequency signals, the low frequency signals having a
sufficiently low frequency to enable the electrostatic field to be
confined substantially to the space, signal detecting means, means
for coupling the detecting means with the space for receiving
signals there from, the detecting means being constructed and
arranged to detect the low frequency signals only when received as
modulation on a carrier signal having the same frequency as the
microwave signals, and means coupled to the detecting means for
providing an alarm responsive to detection of the low frequency
signals. The means may be coupled to the source of low frequency
signals for pulse modulating the latter, where the means for
providing an alarm are coupled to the pulse modulating means for
providing the alarm only when the detected low frequency signal has
a wave envelope coinciding with an output of the pulse modulating
means.
[0064] In one embodiment, the invention is a method and apparatus
for a vehicle to vehicle warning system within a confined area
detecting the presence in a controlled space of a miniature passive
electromagnetic wave receptor-reradiator with signal mixing
capability, the system comprising in combination a source of
microwave signals, means coupled to the source of microwave signals
for propagating through the space an electromagnetic wave
corresponding to the microwave signals, a source of low frequency
signals, means coupled to the source of low frequency signals for
frequency modulating the latter with a modulating signal, further
means coupled to the source of low frequency signals for
establishing through the space an electrostatic field corresponding
to the low frequency signals, the low frequency signals having a
sufficiently low frequency to enable the electrostatic field to be
confined substantially to the space, signal detecting means, means
for coupling the detecting means with the space for receiving
signals there from, the detecting means being constructed and
arranged to detect the low frequency signals only when received as
modulation on a carrier signal whose frequency bears a
predetermined relationship to that of the microwave signals, and
means coupled to the detecting means for providing an alarm
responsive to detection of the low frequency signals. The means for
providing an alarm may be coupled to the frequency modulating means
for providing the alarm only when the detected low frequency
signals are frequency modulated with a wave envelope having the
same shape as the modulating signal, where the frequency modulation
of the source of low frequency signals may be characterized by a
frequency deviation of the order of 1 KHz.
[0065] In another embodiment, the invention is a method and
apparatus for a vehicle to vehicle warning system within a confined
area for detecting the presence in a controlled space of a
miniature passive electromagnetic wave receptor-reradiator with
signal mixing capability; the system comprising in combination a
source of microwave signals; means coupled to the source of
microwave signals for propagating through the space an
electromagnetic wave corresponding to the microwave signals; a
source of low frequency signals; means coupled to the source of low
frequency signals for establishing through the space an
electrostatic field corresponding to the low frequency signals; the
low frequency signals having a sufficiently low frequency to enable
the electrostatic field to be confined substantially to the space;
the source of low frequency signals comprising a voltage-controlled
multi-vibrator pulse generator, means coupled to an output of the
pulse generator for converting a square wave signal to a sinusoidal
signal for use in establishing the electrostatic field, and means
coupled to the pulse generator for frequency modulating the latter
with a modulating signal; signal detecting means; means for
coupling the detecting means with the space for receiving signals
there from, the detecting means being constructed and arranged to
detect the low frequency signals only when received as modulation
on a carrier signal whose frequency bears a predetermined
relationship to that of the microwave signals; and means coupled to
the detecting means for providing an alarm responsive to detection
of the low frequency signals.
[0066] As indicated above, the components of the system may be
powered by an electrical system of the vehicles with which they are
associated. In one or more embodiments, the system and/or device of
the invention may include a battery operated power supply.
[0067] In one embodiment, when the secondary vehicles receive a
signal from a primary vehicle or otherwise detects the primary
vehicle, a warning is provided. The warning may comprise, for
example, the illumination of a light or lights or generation of
sounds at the secondary vehicle, so as to provide a warning to the
driver and/or passengers. The lights which are illuminated may be
one or more of those already normally associated with the vehicle,
or the light or light may be special warning lights (such as a
special dash-board light). Sounds may be generated using an
existing audio system, or by special devices, such as a buzzer or
the like.
[0068] FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which a
secondary vehicle includes a receiver R for detecting a primary
vehicle. The receiver R also includes an integrated warning signal
generator. The receiver R is powered by the power supply P of the
vehicle, which includes a ground G. The generated warning signal is
provided to a controller C, such as an audio control unit of the
vehicle. This signal causes the controller C to output a signal to
one or more speakers S of the vehicle, thus providing an audible
warning.
[0069] It will be appreciated that this configuration is but one
example of a warning device for a secondary vehicle. For example,
the system could include one or more dedicated audio and/or video
devices.
[0070] As one implementation of the system and method, primary
vehicle may be equipped with a wireless signal generator and
transmitter. A secondary vehicle may be equipped with a receiver
for receiving the transmitted wireless signal. In response to
receipt of the signal, the receiver may be configured to generate
and output a warning activation signal or directly generate a
warning. For example, the transmitted signal may be received and
activate a relay which causes the existing hazard lights of the
secondary vehicle to activate (providing both the driver and
parties exterior to the secondary vehicle with notice of the
warning). Of course, the transmitted signal might be used to
initiate a variety of other warnings at the secondary vehicle,
whether via existing vehicle circuitry or via other devices.
[0071] It will be understood that the above described arrangements
of apparatus and the method there from are merely illustrative of
applications of the principles of this invention and many other
embodiments and modifications may be made without departing from
the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
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