U.S. patent application number 13/648508 was filed with the patent office on 2013-04-18 for polyester compositions containing furandicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof, cyclobutanediol and cyclohexanedimethanol.
This patent application is currently assigned to EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY. The applicant listed for this patent is EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY. Invention is credited to Howard Smith Carman, JR., Emmett Dudley Crawford, Jason Christopher Jenkins, Jack Irvin Killman, JR..
Application Number | 20130095270 13/648508 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 48086164 |
Filed Date | 2013-04-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130095270 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Carman, JR.; Howard Smith ;
et al. |
April 18, 2013 |
POLYESTER COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING FURANDICARBOXYLIC ACID OR AN
ESTER THEREOF, CYCLOBUTANEDIOL AND CYCLOHEXANEDIMETHANOL
Abstract
Described are polyesters comprising (a) a dicarboxylic acid
component comprising 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid residues;
optionally, aromatic dicarboxylic acid residues and/or modifying
aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues,
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues and
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol. The polyesters may be manufactured into
articles such as fibers, films, bottles, coatings, or sheets.
Inventors: |
Carman, JR.; Howard Smith;
(Blountville, TN) ; Killman, JR.; Jack Irvin;
(Johnson City, TN) ; Crawford; Emmett Dudley;
(Kingsport, TN) ; Jenkins; Jason Christopher;
(Kingsport, TN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY; |
Kingsport |
TN |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY
Kingsport
TN
|
Family ID: |
48086164 |
Appl. No.: |
13/648508 |
Filed: |
October 10, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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61547233 |
Oct 14, 2011 |
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61547222 |
Oct 14, 2011 |
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61547224 |
Oct 14, 2011 |
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61547228 |
Oct 14, 2011 |
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61547236 |
Oct 14, 2011 |
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61547241 |
Oct 14, 2011 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
428/36.92 ;
428/304.4; 521/182; 524/37; 524/47; 524/604; 525/190; 525/418;
528/302; 528/307 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 428/1352 20150115;
Y10T 428/249953 20150401; C08G 63/199 20130101; C08G 63/181
20130101; Y10T 428/1397 20150115; C08G 63/672 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
428/36.92 ;
528/302; 528/307; 525/418; 525/190; 524/47; 524/37; 524/604;
521/182; 428/304.4 |
International
Class: |
C08G 63/199 20060101
C08G063/199; C08L 67/02 20060101 C08L067/02; C08L 81/04 20060101
C08L081/04; C08L 81/06 20060101 C08L081/06; C08L 69/00 20060101
C08L069/00; B32B 5/18 20060101 B32B005/18; C08L 25/08 20060101
C08L025/08; C08L 3/00 20060101 C08L003/00; C08L 1/10 20060101
C08L001/10; C08L 71/00 20060101 C08L071/00; C09D 167/02 20060101
C09D167/02; B32B 1/02 20060101 B32B001/02; C08G 63/183 20060101
C08G063/183; C08L 25/06 20060101 C08L025/06 |
Claims
1. A polyester composition comprising at least one polyester which
comprises: (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: i) 70 to
100 mole % of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid residues; ii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 20 carbon
atoms; and iii) 0 to 30 mole % of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 16 carbon atoms; and (b) a glycol component
comprising: i) 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues;
and ii) 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues.
2. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the inherent
viscosity is from 0.35 to less than 1.0 dL/g.
3. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the inherent
viscosity is from 0.35 to 0.80 dL/g.
4. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the inherent
viscosity is from 0.50 to 0.75 dL/g.
5. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the inherent
viscosity is from 0.30 to 0.60 dL/g.
6. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein at least one
modifying glycol is ethylene glycol.
7. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein at least one
modifying glycol is diethylene glycol.
8. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein at least one
modifying glycol is propanediol.
9. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the glycol
component comprises 5 to 80 mole % of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues.
10. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the glycol
component comprises 15 to 40 mole % of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues.
11. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the glycol
component of said polyester comprises 20 to 30 mole % of residues
of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
12. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the glycol
component of said polyester comprises 15 to 25 mole % of residues
of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues and
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues.
13. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the glycol
component of said polyester comprises 5 to less than 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues and greater than
50 to 95 mole % of the residues of at least one modifying
glycol.
14. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the glycol
component of said polyester comprises 10 to 30 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues and 70 to 90 mole
% 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues.
15. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the glycol
component comprises 30 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues and 60 to 70 mole
% 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues.
16. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the dicarboxylic
acid component comprises 80 to 100 mole % of furandicarboxylic
accid residues.
17. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the dicarboxylic
acid component comprises 90 to 100 mole % of 2,5-furandicarboxylic
acid residues.
18. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein the dicarboxylic
acid component comprises 0 to 30 mole % of terephthalic acid
residues.
19. The polyester composition of claim 18, wherein the dicarboxylic
acid component comprises 0 to 20 mole % of terephthalic acid
residues.
20. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein said polyester
composition comprises at least one polymer chosen from at least one
of the following: poly(etherimides), polyphenylene oxides,
poly(phenylene oxide)/polystyrene blends, polystyrene resins,
polyphenylene sulfides, polyphenylene sulfide/sulfones,
poly(ester-carbonates), polycarbonates, polysulfones; polysulfone
ethers, starches, cellulose esters, or poly(ether-ketones).
21. The polyester composition of claim 16 comprising at least one
starch.
22. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein said polyester
composition comprises at least one polycarbonate.
23. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein said polyester
comprises residues of at least one branching agent.
24. The polyester composition of claim 1, wherein said polyester
comprises residues of at least one branching agent an amount of
0.01 to 10 mole % based on the total mole percentage of the diacid
or diol residues.
25. An article of manufacture comprising the polyester composition
of claim 1.
26. An article of manufacture selected from film, fiber, sheet,
bottle, foam, foamed article, thermoformed article or a coating
according to claim 25.
27. An article of manufacture comprising a film according to claim
25.
28. An article of manufacture comprising a sheet according to claim
25.
29. An article of manufacture comprising a bottle according to
claim 25.
30. An article of manufacture comprising a fiber according to claim
25.
31. An article of manufacture comprising a coating to claim 25.
32. An article of manufacture comprising a foamed article according
to claim 25.
33. An article of manufacture comprising a thermoformed article
according to claim 25.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention generally relates to polyester
compositions made from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or an ester
thereof or mixtures thereof, cyclobutanediol and
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Homopolymers based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or an ester
thereof and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol are known in the art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] It is believed that certain copolyester compositions made
from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, an ester thereof, or mixtures
thereof, cyclobutanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol are superior
to polyesters known in the art with respect to stable glass
transition temperatures. Good barrier properties have also been
observed.
[0004] It is generally known that the more cyclohexanedimethanol
that is added to a polyester containing terephthalic acid, the
greater its glass transition temperature.
[0005] In certain embodiments of this invention, it has been
surpisingly found that the more that cyclohexanedimethanol is added
to a polyester containing 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, the glass
transition temperature remains stable.
[0006] In one aspect, the invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0007] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0008] i) 70
to 100 mole % of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0009] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of other aromatic dicarboxylic
acid residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0010] iii) 0 to 30
mole % of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16
carbon atoms; and [0011] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0012]
i) 0.01 to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues, and
[0013] ii) 1 to 99.99 mole % of residues of at least one modifying
glycol; wherein the total mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component
is 100 mole %, and the total mole % of the glycol component is 100
mole %.
[0014] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0015] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0016] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0017] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0018] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0019] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0020] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0021] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0022] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %.
[0023] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0024] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0025] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0026] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0027] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0028] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0029] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0030] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0031] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0032] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.10 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0033] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0034] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0035] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0036] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0037] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0038] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0039] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0040] i) 20
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0041] ii)
1 to 80 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0042] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0043] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0044] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0045] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0046] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0047] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0048] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0049] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0050] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0051] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0052] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0053] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0054] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0055] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0056] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0057] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0058] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0059] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0060] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0061] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0062] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0063] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0064] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0065] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0066] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0067] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0068] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0069] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0070] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0071] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0072] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0073] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0074] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0075] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0076] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0077] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0078] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0079] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0080] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0081] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0082] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0083] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0084] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0085] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0086] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0087] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0088] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0089] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0090] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0091] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0092] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0093] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0094] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0095] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0096] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0097] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0098] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0099] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0100] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0101] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0102] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0103] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0104] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0105] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0106] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0107] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0108] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0109] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0110] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0111] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0112] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0113] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0114] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0115] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0116] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0117] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0118] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0119] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0120] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0121] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0122] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0123] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0124] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0125] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0126] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0127] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0128] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0129] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0130] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0131] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.10 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0132] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0133] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0134] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0135] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0136] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0137] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0138] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0139] i) 20
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0140] ii)
1 to 80 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0141] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0142] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0143] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0144] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0145] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0146] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0147] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0148] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0149] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0150] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0151] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0152] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0153] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0154] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0155] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0156] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0157] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0158] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0159] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0160] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0161] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0162] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0163] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0164] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0165] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0166] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0167] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0168] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0169] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0170] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0171] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0172] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0173] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0174] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0175] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0176] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0177] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0178] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0179] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0180] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0181] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0182] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0183] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0184] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0185] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0186] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0187] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0188] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0189] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0190] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0191] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0192] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0193] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0194] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0195] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0196] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0197] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0198] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0199] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0200] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0201] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0202] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0203] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0204] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0205] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0206] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0207] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0208] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0209] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0210] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0211] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0212] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0213] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0214] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0215] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0216] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0217] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0218] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0219] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0220] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0221] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0222] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0223] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0224] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0225] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0226] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0227] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0228] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0229] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0230] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.10 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0231] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0232] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0233] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0234] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0235] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0236] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0237] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0238] i) 20
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0239] ii)
1 to 80 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0240] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0241] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0242] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0243] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0244] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0245] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0246] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0247] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0248] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0249] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0250] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0251] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0252] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0253] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0254] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0255] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0256] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0257] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0258] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0259] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0260] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0261] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0262] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0263] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0264] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0265] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0266] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0267] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0268] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0269] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0270] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0271] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0272] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0273] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0274] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0275] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0276] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0277] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0278] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0279] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0280] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0281] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0282] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0283] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0284] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0285] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0286] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0287] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0288] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0289] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0290] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0291] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0292] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0293] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0294] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0295] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0296] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0297] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0298] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0299] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0300] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0301] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0302] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0303] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0304] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0305] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0306] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0307] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0308] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0309] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0310] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0311] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0312] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0313] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0314] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0315] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0316] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0317] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0318] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and wherein the
glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to 150.degree.
C.
[0319] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0320] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0321] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0322] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0323] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0324] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0325] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0326] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0327] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0328] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.10 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0329] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0330] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0331] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0332] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0333] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0334] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0335] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0336] i) 20
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0337] ii)
1 to 80 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0338] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0339] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0340] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0341] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0342] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0343] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0344] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0345] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0346] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0347] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0348] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0349] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0350] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0351] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0352] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0353] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0354] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0355] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0356] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0357] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0358] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0359] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0360] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0361] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0362] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0363] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0364] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0365] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0366] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0367] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0368] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0369] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0370] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0371] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0372] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0373] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0374] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0375] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0376] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0377] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0378] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0379] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0380] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0381] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0382] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0383] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0384] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0385] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0386] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0387] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0388] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0389] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0390] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0391] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0392] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0393] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0394] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0395] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0396] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0397] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0398] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0399] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0400] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0401] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0402] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0403] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0404] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0405] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0406] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0407] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0408] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0409] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0410] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0411] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0412] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0413] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0414] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0415] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0416] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0417] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0418] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0419] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0420] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0421] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0422] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0423] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0424] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0425] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0426] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0427] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.10 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0428] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0429] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0430] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0431] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0432] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0433] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0434] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0435] i) 20
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0436] ii)
1 to 80 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0437] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0438] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0439] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0440] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0441] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0442] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0443] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0444] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0445] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0446] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0447] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0448] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0449] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0450] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0451] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0452] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0453] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0454] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0455] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0456] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0457] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0458] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0459] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0460] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0461] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0462] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0463] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0464] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0465] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0466] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0467] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0468] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0469] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0470] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0471] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0472] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0473] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0474] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0475] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0476] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0477] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0478] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0479] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0480] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0481] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0482] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0483] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0484] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0485] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0486] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0487] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0488] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0489] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0490] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0491] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0492] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0493] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0494] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0495] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0496] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0497] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0498] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0499] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0500] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0501] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0502] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0503] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0504] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0505] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0506] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0507] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0508] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0509] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0510] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0511] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0512] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0513] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0514] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0515] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0516] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0517] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0518] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0519] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0520] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0521] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0522] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0523] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0524] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0525] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0526] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.10 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0527] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0528] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0529] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0530] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0531] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0532] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0533] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0534] i) 20
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0535] ii)
1 to 80 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0536] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0537] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0538] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0539] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0540] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0541] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0542] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0543] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0544] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0545] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0546] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0547] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0548] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0549] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0550] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0551] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0552] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0553] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0554] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0555] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0556] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0557] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0558] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0559] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0560] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0561] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0562] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0563] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0564] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0565] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0566] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0567] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0568] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0569] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0570] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0571] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0572] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0573] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0574] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0575] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0576] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0577] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0578] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0579] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0580] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0581] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0582] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0583] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0584] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0585] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0586] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0587] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0588] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0589] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0590] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0591] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0592] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0593] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0594] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0595] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0596] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0597] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0598] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0599] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0600] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0601] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0602] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0603] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0604] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0605] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0606] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0607] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0608] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0609] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0610] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0611] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0612] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0613] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0614] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.35 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0615] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0616] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0617] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0618] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0619] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0620] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0621] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0622] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0623] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0624] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0625] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0626] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0627] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0628] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0629] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0630] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0631] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0632] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0633] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0634] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0635] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0636] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0637] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0638] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0639] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0640] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0641] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0642] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0643] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0644] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0645] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0646] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0647] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0648] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0649] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0650] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0651] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0652] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0653] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0654] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0655] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0656] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0657] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0658] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0659] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0660] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0661] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0662] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0663] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0664] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0665] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0666] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0667] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0668] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0669] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0670] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0671] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0672] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0673] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0674] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0675] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0676] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0677] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0678] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0679] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0680] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0681] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0682] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0683] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0684] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0685] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0686] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0687] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0688] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0689] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0690] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0691] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0692] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0693] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0694] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0695] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0696] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0697] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0698] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0699] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0700] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0701] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0702] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0703] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0704] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0705] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0706] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0707] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0708] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0709] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0710] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0711] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0712] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0713] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0714] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0715] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0716] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0717] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0718] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0719] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0720] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0721] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0722] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0723] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0724] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0725] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0726] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0727] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0728] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0729] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0730] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0731] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0732] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0733] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0734] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0735] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0736] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0737] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0738] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0739] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0740] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0741] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0742] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0743] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0744] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0745] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0746] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0747] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0748] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0749] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0750] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0751] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0752] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0753] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0754] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0755] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0756] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0757] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0758] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0759] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0760] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0761] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0762] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0763] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0764] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0765] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0766] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0767] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0768] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0769] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0770] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0771] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0772] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0773] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0774] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0775] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0776] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0777] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0778] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0779] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0780] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0781] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0782] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0783] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0784] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0785] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0786] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0787] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0788] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0789] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0790] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0791] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0792] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0793] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0794] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0795] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0796] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0797] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0798] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0799] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0800] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0801] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0802] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0803] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0804] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0805] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0806] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0807] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0808] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0809] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0810] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0811] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0812] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0813] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0814] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0815] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0816] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0817] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0818] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0819] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0820] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0821] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0822] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0823] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0824] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0825] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0826] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0827] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0828] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0829] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0830] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0831] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0832] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0833] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0834] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0835] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0836] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0837] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0838] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0839] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0840] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0841] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0842] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0843] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0844] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0845] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0846] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0847] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0848] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0849] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0850] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0851] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0852] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0853] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0854] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0855] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0856] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0857] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0858] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0859] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0860] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0861] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0862] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0863] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0864] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0865] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0866] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0867] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0868] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to
150.degree. C.
[0869] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0870] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0871] i) 80
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0872] ii) 0 to 20 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0873] iii) 0 to 20 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0874] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0875] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0876] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0877] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0878] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and wherein the
glass transition temperature is from 50.degree. C. to 150.degree.
C.
[0879] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0880] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0881] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0882] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0883] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0884] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0885] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0886] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0887] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0888] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0889] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0890] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0891] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0892] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0893] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0894] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0895] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0896] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0897] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0898] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0899] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0900] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0901] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0902] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0903] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0904] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0905] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0906] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0907] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0908] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0909] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0910] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0911] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0912] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0913] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0914] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0915] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0916] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0917] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0918] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0919] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0920] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0921] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0922] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0923] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0924] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0925] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0926] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0927] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0928] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0929] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0930] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0931] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0932] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0933] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0934] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0935] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0936] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0937] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0938] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0939] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0940] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0941] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0942] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0943] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0944] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0945] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0946] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0947] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0948] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0949] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0950] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0951] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0952] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0953] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0954] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0955] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0956] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0957] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0958] i) 50
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0959] ii) 0 to 50 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0960] iii) 0 to 50 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0961] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0962] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0963] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0964] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0965] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0966] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0967] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0968] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0969] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0970] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0971] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0972] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0973] i) 1 to
99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0974] ii) 1
to 99 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0975] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0976] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0977] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0978] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0979] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0980] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0981] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0982] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0983] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0984] i) 50
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0985] ii)
1 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0986] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0987] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0988] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[0989] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[0990] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [0991] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [0992] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [0993] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [0994] (b) a glycol component comprising: [0995] i) 50
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [0996] ii)
20 to 50 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [0997] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [0998] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [0999] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[1000] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[1001] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [1002] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [1003] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [1004] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [1005] (b) a glycol component comprising: [1006] i) 60
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [1007] ii)
20 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [1008] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [1009] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [1010] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[1011] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[1012] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [1013] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [1014] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [1015] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [1016] (b) a glycol component comprising: [1017] i) 70
to 80 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [1018] ii)
20 to 30 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [1019] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [1020] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [1021] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[1022] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[1023] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [1024] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [1025] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [1026] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [1027] (b) a glycol component comprising: [1028] i) 55
to 70 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [1029] ii)
30 to 45 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [1030] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [1031] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [1032] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[1033] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[1034] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [1035] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [1036] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [1037] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [1038] (b) a glycol component comprising: [1039] i) 60
to 85 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [1040] ii)
15 to 40 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [1041] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [1042] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [1043] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[1044] In one aspect, this invention relates to a polyester
composition comprising at least one polyester which comprises:
[1045] (a) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising: [1046] i) 70
to 100 mole % of residues of furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester
thereof; [1047] ii) 0 to 30 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid
residues having up to 20 carbon atoms; and [1048] iii) 0 to 30 mole
% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residues having up to 16 carbon
atoms; and [1049] (b) a glycol component comprising: [1050] i) 85
to 99 mole % of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues; and [1051] ii)
1 to 15 mole % of residues of
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, [1052] wherein the total
mole % of the dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %, and the
total mole % of the glycol component is 100 mole %; [1053] wherein
the inherent viscosity of said polyester is from 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g
as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt) phenol/tetrachloroethane at a
concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at 25.degree. C.; and [1054] wherein
the glass transition temperature is from 70.degree. C. to
120.degree. C.
[1055] In any of the embodiments of the invention, the polyesters
of the invention can include both 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol
residues and 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol residues with
or without modifying glycols. In another embodiment, diethylene
glycol may be present as a modifying glycol. Even if diethylene
glycol is not specifically added, it is understood that diethylene
glycol may be formed in situ and may be present in an embodiment
where only 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol are added as monomers in
the process of making the polyester. In another embodiment,
ethylene glycol may be present as a modifying glycol. Embodiments
of polyesters of the invention which are stated herein to not
include modifying glycols may or may not contain minor amounts of
diethylene glycol or ethylene glycol residues.
[1056] In any of the embodiments of the invention, the polyesters
of the invention comprise 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) can
optionally contain residues of terephthalic acid (TPA) and/or an
ester thereof. Additional modifying dicarboxylic acid (or
corresponding ester) residues (acids other than FDCA and TPA) can
optionally be present.
[1057] In one embodiment, the polyesters of the invention can be
used to manufacture articles including, but not limited to,
injection molded articles, injection blow molded articles,
injection stretch blow molded articles, extrusion blow molded
articles, extrusion stretch blow molded articles, extrusion
coatings, calendered articles, compression molded articles, and
solution casted articles.
[1058] In one embodiment, the polyesters of the invention can be
used to manufacture films, injection molded products, extrusion
coatings, fibres, foams, thermoformed products, extruded profiles
and sheets, extrusion blow molded articles, injection blow molded
articles, rotomolded articles, stretch blow molded articles,
etc.
[1059] Methods of making the articles of manufacuture, include, but
are not limited to, extrusion blow molding, extrusion stretch blow
molding, injection blow molding, injection stretch blow molding,
calendering, rotomolding, compression molding, and solution
casting.
[1060] In another embodiment, the invention further relates to
articles of manufacture comprising the film(s) and/or sheet(s)
containing polyester compositions described herein. In another
embodiment, the invention relates to fibers. In yet another
embodiment, the invention relates to foams and/or foamed articles.
In another embodiment, this invention relates to thermoformed
articles.
[1061] The methods of forming polyesters into film(s) and/or
sheet(s) are well known in the art. Examples of film(s) and/or
sheet(s) of the invention including but not limited to extruded
film(s) and/or sheet(s), calendered film(s) and/or sheet(s),
compression molded film(s) and/or sheet(s), solution casted film(s)
and/or sheet(s). Examples of film or sheet production technologies
include film blowing, casting (including solution casting),
coextrusion, extrusion, calendering, and compression molding.
[1062] This invention relates to copolyester compositions based on
2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof,
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, and
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol which are believed to provide greater
stability with respect to glass transition temperature than would
be expected by one of ordinary skill in the art.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[1063] FIG. 1 is a graphical representation of Table 1 data and
depicts glass transition temperature vs. mole percent CHDM for
TPA-based and FDCA-based copolyesters.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[1064] The present invention may be understood more readily by
reference to the following detailed description of certain
embodiments of the invention and the working examples. In
accordance with the purpose(s) of this invention, certain
embodiments of the invention are described in the Summary of the
Invention and are further described herein below. Also, other
embodiments of the invention are described herein.
[1065] Copolyesters synthesized from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid
(FDCA) or its derivatives with
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (TMCD) and
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) have an advantage of nearly
constant glass transition temperature (Tg) over a wide range of
compositions, compared to commercial terephthalic acid-based
copolyesters (PET, PETG, PCTG, PCT), for which Tg varies measurably
as composition varies. This advantage may be beneficial for
producing copolyesters with constant Tg even if composition varies
during manufacturing.
[1066] The term "polyester", as used herein, is intended to include
"copolyesters" and is understood to mean a synthetic polymer
prepared by the reaction of one or more difunctional carboxylic
acids and/or multifunctional carboxylic acids with one or more
difunctional hydroxyl compounds and/or multifunctional hydroxyl
compounds. Typically the difunctional carboxylic acid can be a
dicarboxylic acid and the difunctional hydroxyl compound can be a
dihydric alcohol such as, for example, glycols and diols. The term
"glycol" as used in this application includes, but is not limited
to, diols, glycols, and/or multifunctional hydroxyl compounds, for
example, branching agents. Alternatively, a difunctional carboxylic
acid may be a hydroxy carboxylic acid such as, for example,
p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and the difunctional hydroxyl compound may
be an aromatic nucleus bearing 2 hydroxyl substituents such as, for
example, hydroquinone. The term "residue", as used herein, means
any organic structure incorporated into a polymer through a
polycondensation and/or an esterification reaction from the
corresponding monomer. The term "repeating unit", as used herein,
means an organic structure having a dicarboxylic acid residue and a
diol residue. Thus, for example, the dicarboxylic acid residues may
be derived from a dicarboxylic acid monomer or its associated acid
halides, esters, salts, anhydrides, or mixtures thereof. As used
herein, therefore, the term dicarboxylic acid is intended to
include dicarboxylic acids and any derivative of a dicarboxylic
acid, including its associated acid halides, esters, half-esters,
salts, half-salts, anhydrides, mixed anhydrides, or mixtures
thereof, useful in a reaction process with a diol to make
polyester. Furthermore, as used in this application, the term
"diacid" includes multifunctional acids, for example, branching
agents. As used herein, the term "terephthalic acid" is intended to
include terephthalic acid itself and residues thereof as well as
any derivative of terephthalic acid, including its associated acid
halides, esters, half-esters, salts, half-salts, anhydrides, mixed
anhydrides, or mixtures thereof or residues thereof useful in a
reaction process with a diol to make polyester.
[1067] In one embodiment, furandicarboxylic acid and/or its ester
may be used as a starting material. In yet another embodiment,
mixtures of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and its ester may be used as
the starting material and/or as an intermediate material.
[1068] Terephthalic acid and/or its ester may also be used in one
embodiment as one of the starting materials, with
2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or its ester. In another embodiment,
dimethyl terephthalate may be used instead of terephthalic acid as
a starting material. In yet another embodiment, mixtures of
terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate may be used as
starting materials and/or as an intermediate material.
[1069] Isophthalic acid and/or its ester may also be used in one
embodiment as one of the starting materials, with
2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or its ester.
[1070] In another embodiment, terephthalic acid and/or its ester as
well as isophthalic acid and/or its ester may also be used in
combination as starting materials, with 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid
and/or its ester.
[1071] The polyesters used in the present invention typically can
be prepared from dicarboxylic acids and diols which react in
substantially equal proportions and are incorporated into the
polyester polymer as their corresponding residues. The polyesters
of the present invention, therefore, can contain substantially
equal molar proportions of acid residues (100 mole %) and diol
(and/or multifunctional hydroxyl compounds) residues (100 mole %)
such that the total moles of repeating units is equal to 100 mole
%. The mole percentages provided in the present disclosure,
therefore, may be based on the total moles of acid residues, the
total moles of diol residues, or the total moles of repeating
units. For example, a polyester containing 30 mole % isophthalic
acid, based on the total acid residues, means the polyester
contains 30 mole % isophthalic acid residues out of a total of 100
mole % acid residues. Thus, there are 30 moles of isophthalic acid
residues among every 100 moles of acid residues. In another
example, a polyester containing 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, based on the total diol residues, means
the polyester contains 30 mole 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues
out of a total of 100 mole % diol residues. Thus, there are 30
moles of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol residues among every 100 moles
of diol residues.
[1072] In other aspects of the invention, the Tg of the polyesters
useful in the invention can be at least one of the following
ranges: 30 to 130.degree. C.; 30 to 125.degree. C.; 30 to
120.degree. C.; 30 to 115.degree. C.; 30 to 110.degree. C.; 30 to
105.degree. C.; 30 to 100.degree. C.; 30 to 95.degree. C.; 30 to
90.degree. C.; 30 to 85.degree. C.; 30 to 80.degree. C.; 30 to
75.degree. C.; 30 to 70.degree. C.; 30 to 65.degree. C.; 30 to
60.degree. C.; 30 to 55.degree. C.; 30 to 50.degree. C.; 30 to
45.degree. C.; 35 to 130.degree. C.; 35 to 125.degree. C.; 35 to
120.degree. C.; 35 to 115.degree. C.; 35 to 110.degree. C.; 35 to
105.degree. C.; 35 to 100.degree. C.; 35 to 95.degree. C.; 35 to
90.degree. C.; 35 to 85.degree. C.; 35 to 80.degree. C.; 35 to
75.degree. C.; 35 to 70.degree. C.; 35 to 65.degree. C.; 35 to
60.degree. C.; 35 to 55.degree. C.; 35 to 50.degree. C.; 35 to
45.degree. C.; 40 to 130.degree. C.; 40 to 125.degree. C.; 40 to
120.degree. C.; 40 to 115.degree. C.; 40 to 110.degree. C.; 40 to
105.degree. C.; 40 to 100.degree. C.; 40 to 95.degree. C.; 40 to
90.degree. C.; 40 to 85.degree. C.; 40 to 80.degree. C.; 40 to
75.degree. C.; 40 to 70.degree. C.; 40 to 65.degree. C.; 40 to
60.degree. C.; 40 to 55.degree. C.; 45 to 130.degree. C.; 45 to
125.degree. C.; 45 to 120.degree. C.; 45 to 115.degree. C.; 45 to
110.degree. C.; 45 to 105.degree. C.; 45 to 100.degree. C.; 45 to
95.degree. C.; 45 to 90.degree. C.; 45 to 85.degree. C.; 45 to
80.degree. C.; 45 to 75.degree. C.; 45 to 70.degree. C.; 45 to
65.degree. C.; 45 to 60.degree. C.; 45 to 55.degree. C.; 50 to
130.degree. C.; 50 to 125.degree. C.; 50 to 120.degree. C.; 50 to
115.degree. C.; 50 to 110.degree. C.; 50 to 105.degree. C.; 50 to
100.degree. C.; 50 to 95.degree. C.; 50 to 90.degree. C.; 50 to
85.degree. C.; 50 to 80.degree. C.; 50 to 75.degree. C.; 50 to
70.degree. C.; 50 to 65.degree. C.; 55 to 130.degree. C.; 55 to
125.degree. C.; 55 to 120.degree. C.; 55 to 115.degree. C.; 55 to
110.degree. C.; 55 to 105.degree. C.; 55 to 100.degree. C.; 55 to
95.degree. C.; 55 to 90.degree. C.; 55 to 85.degree. C.; 55 to
80.degree. C.; 55 to 75.degree. C.; 55 to 70.degree. C.; 55 to
65.degree. C.; 60 to 130.degree. C.; 60 to 125.degree. C.; 60 to
120.degree. C.; 60 to 115.degree. C.; 60 to 110.degree. C.; 60 to
105.degree. C.; 60 to 100.degree. C.; 60 to 95.degree. C.; 60 to
90.degree. C.; 60 to 85.degree. C.; 60 to 80.degree. C.; 60 to
75.degree. C.; 60 to 70.degree. C.; 65 to 130.degree. C.; 65 to
125.degree. C.; 65 to 120.degree. C.; 65 to 115.degree. C.; 65 to
110.degree. C.; 65 to 105.degree. C.; 65 to 100.degree. C.; 65 to
95.degree. C.; 65 to 90.degree. C.; 65 to 85.degree. C.; 65 to
80.degree. C.; 65 to 75.degree. C.; 65 to 70.degree. C.; 70 to
130.degree. C.; 70 to 125.degree. C.; 70 to 120.degree. C.; 70 to
115.degree. C.; 70 to 110.degree. C.; 70 to 105.degree. C.; 70 to
100.degree. C.; 70 to 95.degree. C.; 70 to 90.degree. C.; 70 to
85.degree. C.; 70 to 80.degree. C.; 70 to 75.degree. C.; 75 to
130.degree. C.; 75 to 125.degree. C.; 75 to 120.degree. C.; 75 to
115.degree. C.; 75 to 110.degree. C.; 75 to 105.degree. C.; 75 to
100.degree. C.; 75 to 95.degree. C.; 75 to 90.degree. C.; 75 to
85.degree. C.; 75 to 80.degree. C.; 80 to 130.degree. C.; 80 to
125.degree. C.; 80 to 120.degree. C.; 80 to 115.degree. C.; 80 to
110.degree. C.; 80 to 105.degree. C.; 80 to 100.degree. C.; 80 to
95.degree. C.; 80 to 90.degree. C.; 85 to 130.degree. C.; 85 to
125.degree. C.; 85 to 120.degree. C.; 85 to 115.degree. C.; 85 to
110.degree. C.; 85 to 105.degree. C.; 85 to 100.degree. C.; 85 to
95.degree. C.; 85 to 90.degree. C.; 90 to 130.degree. C.; 90 to
125.degree. C.; 90 to 120.degree. C.; 90 to 115.degree. C.; 90 to
110.degree. C.; 90 to 105.degree. C.; 90 to 100.degree. C.; 90 to
95.degree. C.; 95 to 130.degree. C.; 95 to 125.degree. C.; 95 to
120.degree. C.; 95 to 115.degree. C.; 95 to 110.degree. C.; 95 to
105.degree. C.; 95 to 100.degree. C.; 100 to 130.degree. C.; 100 to
125.degree. C.; 100 to 120.degree. C.; 100 to 115.degree. C.; or
100 to 110.degree. C.
[1073] The polyesters useful in the invention include but are not
limited to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 55 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 60 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 65 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 35 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 70 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 30 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 75 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 25 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 80 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 20 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 85 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 15 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 90 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 10 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 95 to 99 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1 to 5 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 90 to less than 99.99 mole
% 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 0.01 to 10 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 95 to less than 99.99 mole
% 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 0.01 to 5 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1074] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the film or sheet of the invention include
but are not limited to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01
to 95 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 99 mole
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 55 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 45 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 60 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 65 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 35 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 70 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 30 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 75 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 25 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 80 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 20 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 85 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 15 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 90 to 95 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 5 to 10 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1075] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the film or sheet of the invention include
but are not limited to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01
to 90 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, 25 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1076] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 55 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 45 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 60 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 65 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 35 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 70 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 30 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 75 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 25 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 80 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 20 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 85 to 90 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 10 to 15 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1077] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol 15 to 55 mole
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1078] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 55 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 45 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 60 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 65 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 35 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 70 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 30 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 75 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 25 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 80 to 85 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 15 to 20 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1079] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 55 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 45 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 60 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 65 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 35 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 70 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 30 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; and 75 to 80 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 20 to 25 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1080] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 55 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 45 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 60 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 65 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 35 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; and 70 to 75 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 25 to 30 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1081] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, 25 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 55 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 45 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; and 60 to 65 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 35 to 40 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1082] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 50 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 55 to 60 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 40 to 45 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1083] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 45 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; and 50 to 55 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 45 to 50 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1084] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol 25 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; and 45 to 50 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 55 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1085] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 50 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 45 and 55 to 95 mole
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; 15 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 45 mole
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 40 to 45 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 55 to 60 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1086] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 35 to 40 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 60 to 65 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1087] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 30 to 35 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 65 to 70 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1088] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 70 to 99.99 mole % mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 70 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 70 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 70 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 70 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 70 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 25 to 30 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 70 to 75 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1089] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 25 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 75 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 25 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 75 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 25 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 75 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 25 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 75 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 15 to 25 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 75 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 20 to 25 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 75 to 80 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1090] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 20 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 80 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 20 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 80 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 20 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 80 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 10 to 20 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 80 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; and 15 to 20 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 80 to 85 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1091] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 15 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 85 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 15 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 85 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 15 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 85 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; and 10 to 15 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 85 to 90 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1092] In other aspects of the invention, the glycol component for
the polyesters useful in the invention include but are not limited
to at least one of the following ranges: 0.01 to 10 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 90 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1 to 10 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 90 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 5 to 10 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 90 to 95 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol; 0.01 to 5 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 95 to 99.99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol and 1 to 5 mole %
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 95 to 99 mole %
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.
[1093] For certain embodiments of the invention, the polyesters
useful in the invention may exhibit at least one of the following
inherent viscosities as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt)
phenol/tetrachloroethane at a concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at
25.degree. C.: 0.10 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.10 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.10 to 1 dL/g;
0.10 to less than 1 dL/g; 0.10 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.10 to 0.95 dL/g;
0.10 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.10 to 0.85 dL/g; 0.10 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.10 to
0.75 dL/g; 0.10 to less than 0.75 dL/g; 0.10 to 0.72 dL/g; 0.10 to
0.70 dL/g; 0.10 to less than 0.70 dL/g; 0.10 to 0.68 dL/g; 0.10 to
less than 0.68 dL/g; 0.10 to 0.65 dL/g; 0.20 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.20 to
1.1 dL/g; 0.20 to 1 dL/g; 0.20 to less than 1 dL/g; 0.20 to 0.98
dL/g; 0.20 to 0.95 dL/g; 0.20 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.20 to 0.85 dL/g; 0.20
to 0.80 dL/g; 0.20 to 0.75 dL/g; 0.20 to less than 0.75 dL/g; 0.20
to 0.72 dL/g; 0.20 to 0.70 dL/g; 0.20 to less than 0.70 dL/g; 0.20
to 0.68 dL/g; 0.20 to less than 0.68 dL/g; 0.20 to 0.65 dL/g; 0.35
to 1.2 dL/g; 0.35 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.35 to 1 dL/g; 0.35 to less than 1
dL/g; 0.35 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.35 to 0.95 dL/g; 0.35 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.35
to 0.85 dL/g; 0.35 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.35 to 0.75 dL/g; 0.35 to less
than 0.75 dL/g; 0.35 to 0.72 dL/g; 0.35 to 0.70 dL/g; 0.35 to less
than 0.70 dL/g; 0.35 to 0.68 dL/g; 0.35 to less than 0.68 dL/g;
0.35 to 0.65 dL/g; 0.40 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.40 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.40 to 1
dL/g; 0.40 to less than 1 dL/g; 0.40 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.40 to 0.95
dL/g; 0.40 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.40 to 0.85 dL/g; 0.40 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.40
to 0.75 dL/g; 0.40 to less than 0.75 dL/g; 0.40 to 0.72 dL/g; 0.40
to 0.70 dL/g; 0.40 to less than 0.70 dL/g; 0.40 to 0.68 dL/g; 0.40
to less than 0.68 dL/g; 0.40 to 0.65 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 1.2
dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 1.1 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 1 dL/g;
greater than 0.42 to less than 1 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.98
dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.95 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.90
dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.85 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.80
dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.75 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to less
than 0.75 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.72 dL/g; greater than 0.42
to less than 0.70 dL/g; greater than 0.42 to 0.68 dL/g; greater
than 0.42 to less than 0.68 dL/g; and greater than 0.42 to 0.65
dL/g.
[1094] For certain embodiments of the invention, the polyesters
useful in the invention may exhibit at least one of the following
inherent viscosities as determined in 60/40 (wt/wt)
phenol/tetrachloroethane at a concentration of 0.5 g/100 ml at
25.degree. C.: 0.45 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.45 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.45 to 1 dL/g;
0.45 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.45 to 0.95 dL/g; 0.45 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.45 to
0.85 dL/g; 0.45 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.45 to 0.75 dL/g; 0.45 to less than
0.75 dL/g; 0.45 to 0.72 dL/g; 0.45 to 0.70 dL/g; 0.45 to less than
0.70 dL/g; 0.45 to 0.68 dL/g; 0.45 to less than 0.68 dL/g; 0.45 to
0.65 dL/g; 0.50 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.50 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.50 to 1 dL/g; 0.50
to less than 1 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.95 dL/g; 0.50 to
0.90 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.85 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.75 dL/g;
0.50 to less than 0.75 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.72 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.70 dL/g;
0.50 to less than 0.70 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.68 dL/g; 0.50 to less than
0.68 dL/g; 0.50 to 0.65 dL/g; 0.55 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.55 to 1.1 dL/g;
0.55 to 1 dL/g; 0.55 to less than 1 dL/g; 0.55 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.55
to 0.95 dL/g; 0.55 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.55 to 0.85 dL/g; 0.55 to 0.80
dL/g; 0.55 to 0.75 dL/g; 0.55 to less than 0.75 dL/g; 0.55 to 0.72
dL/g; 0.55 to 0.70 dL/g; 0.55 to less than 0.70 dL/g; 0.55 to 0.68
dL/g; 0.55 to less than 0.68 dL/g; 0.55 to 0.65 dL/g; 0.58 to 1.2
dL/g; 0.58 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.58 to 1 dL/g; 0.58 to less than 1 dL/g;
0.58 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.58 to 0.95 dL/g; 0.58 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.58 to
0.85 dL/g; 0.58 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.58 to 0.75 dL/g; 0.58 to less than
0.75 dL/g; 0.58 to 0.72 dL/g; 0.58 to 0.70 dL/g; 0.58 to less than
0.70 dL/g; 0.58 to 0.68 dL/g; 0.58 to less than 0.68 dL/g; 0.58 to
0.65 dL/g; 0.60 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.60 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.60 to 1 dL/g; 0.60
to less than 1 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.95 dL/g; 0.60 to
0.90 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.85 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.75 dL/g;
0.60 to less than 0.75 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.72 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.70 dL/g;
0.60 to less than 0.70 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.68 dL/g; 0.60 to less than
0.68 dL/g; 0.60 to 0.65 dL/g; 0.65 to 1.2 dL/g; 0.65 to 1.1 dL/g;
0.65 to 1 dL/g; 0.65 to less than 1 dL/g; 0.65 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.65
to 0.95 dL/g; 0.65 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.65 to 0.85 dL/g; 0.65 to 0.80
dL/g; 0.65 to 0.75 dL/g; 0.65 to less than 0.75 dL/g; 0.65 to 0.72
dL/g; 0.65 to 0.70 dL/g; 0.65 to less than 0.70 dL/g; 0.68 to 1.2
dL/g; 0.68 to 1.1 dL/g; 0.68 to 1 dL/g; 0.68 to less than 1 dL/g;
0.68 to 0.98 dL/g; 0.68 to 0.95 dL/g; 0.68 to 0.90 dL/g; 0.68 to
0.85 dL/g; 0.68 to 0.80 dL/g; 0.68 to 0.75 dL/g; 0.68 to less than
0.75 dL/g; 0.68 to 0.72 dL/g; greater than 0.76 dL/g to 1.2 dL/g;
greater than 0.76 dL/g to 1.1 dL/g; greater than 0.76 dL/g to 1
dL/g; greater than 0.76 dL/g to less than 1 dL/g; greater than 0.76
dL/g to 0.98 dL/g; greater than 0.76 dL/g to 0.95 dL/g; greater
than 0.76 dL/g to 0.90 dL/g; greater than 0.80 dL/g to 1.2 dL/g;
greater than 0.80 dL/g to 1.1 dL/g; greater than 0.80 dL/g to 1
dL/g; greater than 0.80 dL/g to less than 1 dL/g; greater than 0.80
dL/g to 1.2 dL/g; greater than 0.80 dL/g to 0.98 dL/g; greater than
0.80 dL/g to 0.95 dL/g; greater than 0.80 dL/g to 0.90 dL/g.
[1095] It is contemplated that the polyester compositions of the
invention can possess at least one of the inherent viscosity ranges
described herein and at least one of the monomer ranges for the
compositions described herein unless otherwise stated. It is also
contemplated that the polyester compositions of the invention can
posses at least one of the Tg ranges described herein and at least
one of the monomer ranges for the compositions described herein
unless otherwise stated. It is also contemplated that the polyester
compositions of the invention can posses at least one of the Tg
ranges described herein, at least one of the inherent viscosity
ranges described herein, and at least one of the monomer ranges for
the compositions described herein unless otherwise stated.
[1096] In certain embodiments, furandicarboxylic acid, or an ester
thereof or a mixture of furandicarboxylic acid and an ester
thereof, makes up most or all of the dicarboxylic acid component
used to form the polyesters useful in the invention. In certain
embodiments, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid residues and/or its ester
can be present at a concentration of at least 70 mole %, such as at
least 80 mole %, at least 90 mole %, at least 95 mole %, at least
99 mole %, or 100 mole %. For purposes of this disclosure, the
terms "2,5-furandicarboxylic acid" and its esters are used
interchangeably herein. In certain embodiments, ranges of from 70
to 100 mole %; or 80 to 100 mole %; or 90 to 100 mole %; or 99 to
100 mole %; or 100 mole % 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or its
esters may be used. In certain embodiments, ranges of from 70 to
100 mole %; or 80 to 100 mole %; or 90 to 100 mole %; or 99 to 100
mole %; or 100 mole % 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or its esters
may be used.
[1097] In addition to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid residues, the
dicarboxylic acid component of the polyesters useful in the
invention can comprise up to 30 mole %, up to 20 mole %, up to 10
mole %, up to 5 mole %, or up to 1 mole % of one or more modifying
aromatic dicarboxylic acids. Yet another embodiment contains 0 mole
% modifying aromatic dicarboxylic acids. Thus, if present, it is
contemplated that the amount of one or more modifying aromatic
dicarboxylic acids can range from any of these preceding endpoint
values including, for example, from 0.01 to 30 mole %, from 0.01 to
20 mole %, from 0.01 to 10 mole %, from 0.01 to 5 mole %, or from
0.01 to 1 mole % of one or more modifying aromatic dicarboxylic
acids. In one embodiment, modifying aromatic dicarboxylic acids
that may be used in the present invention include but are not
limited to those having up to 20 carbon atoms, and that can be
linear, para-oriented, or symmetrical. Examples of modifying
aromatic dicarboxylic acids which may be used in this invention
include, but are not limited to, terephthalic acid, isophthalic
acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 1,4-, 1,5-, 2,6-,
2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and
trans-4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylic acid, and esters thereof. In one
embodiment, isophthalic acid is the modifying aromatic dicarboxylic
acid. In one embodiment, terephthalic acid is the modifying
aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
[1098] The carboxylic acid component of the polyesters useful in
the invention can be further modified with up to 30 mole %, such as
up to 25 mole % or such as up to such as up to 20 mole % or such as
up to 15 mole % or such as up to 10 mole % or such as up to 5 mole
% or up to 1 mole % of one or more aliphatic dicarboxylic acids
containing 2-16 carbon atoms, such as, for example, malonic,
succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic and
dodecanedioic dicarboxylic acids. Certain embodiments can also
comprise 0.01 or more mole %, such as 0.1 or more mole %, 1 or more
mole %, 5 or more mole %, or 10 or more mole % of one or more
modifying aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. Yet another embodiment
contains 0 mole % modifying aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. Thus, if
present, it is contemplated that the amount of one or more
modifying aliphatic dicarboxylic acids can range from any of these
preceding endpoint values including, for example, from 0.01 to 10
mole % and from 0.1 to 10 mole %. The total mole % of the
dicarboxylic acid component is 100 mole %.
[1099] Esters of terephthalic acid and the other modifying
dicarboxylic acids or their corresponding esters and/or salts may
be used instead of the dicarboxylic acids. Suitable examples of
dicarboxylic acid esters include, but are not limited to, the
dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, diisopropyl, dibutyl, and diphenyl
esters. In one embodiment, the esters are chosen from at least one
of the following: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and phenyl
esters.
[1100] The 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol may be cis, trans, or a
mixture thereof, for example, a cis/trans ratio of 60:40 to 40:60.
In another embodiment, the trans-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol can be
present in the amount of 60 to 80 mole %. For the desired
polyester, the molar ratio of cis/trans 1,4-cyclohexandimethanol
can vary within the range of 50/50 to 0/100, for example, between
40/60 to 20/80.
[1101] In certain embodiments, the amount of
cis-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol is greater than 50 mole
%, or greater than 55 mole % or greater than 60 mole % or greater
than 65 mole % or greater than 70 mole % or greater than 75 mole
%.
[1102] The glycol component of the polyester portion of the
polyester compositions useful in the invention contain no more than
98 mole % of modifying glycols (glycols other than TMCD and CHDM).
In one embodiment, the polyesters useful in the invention can
contain less than 30 mole % of one or more modifying glycols. In
one embodiment, the polyesters useful in the invention can contain
less than 25 mole % of one or more modifying glycols. In one
embodiment, the polyesters useful in the invention can contain less
than 20 mole % of one or more modifying glycols. In one embodiment,
the polyesters useful in the invention can contain less than 15
mole % of one or more modifying glycols. In another embodiment, the
polyesters useful in the invention can contain 10 mole % or less of
one or more modifying glycols. In another embodiment, the
polyesters useful in the invention can contain 5 mole % or less of
one or more modifying glycols. In another embodiment, the
polyesters useful in the invention can contain 3 mole % or less of
one or more modifying glycols. In another embodiment, the
polyesters useful in the invention may contain 0 mole % modifying
glycols. Certain embodiments can also contain 0.01 or more mole %,
such as 0.1 or more mole %, 1 or more mole %, 5 or more mole %, or
10 or more mole % of one or more modifying glycols. Thus, if
present, it is contemplated that the amount of one or more
modifying glycols can range from any of these preceding endpoint
values including, for example, from 0.01 to 15 mole % and from 0.1
to 10 mole %.
[1103] Modifying glycols useful in the polyesters useful in the
invention refer to that are not listed as a required diol and may
contain 2 to 16 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable modifying
glycols include, but are not limited to, diethylene glycol,
ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, neopentyl
glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, p-xylene
glycol, isosorbide, or mixtures thereof. In another embodiment, the
modifying glycols include but are not limited to 1,3-propanediol
and/or 1,4-butanediol. In another embodiment, at least one
modifying glycol is isosorbide. In another embodiment, at least one
modifying glycol is ethylene glycol.
[1104] The polyesters useful in the invention can also comprise
from 0 to 10 mole percent, for example, from 0.01 to 5 mole
percent, from 0.01 to 1 mole percent, from 0.05 to 5 mole percent,
from 0.05 to 1 mole percent, or from 0.1 to 0.7 mole percent, or
0.1 to 0.5 mole percent, based the total mole percentages of either
the diol or diacid residues; respectively, of one or more residues
of a branching monomer, also referred to herein as a branching
agent, having 3 or more carboxyl substituents, hydroxyl
substituents, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the
branching monomer or agent may be added prior to and/or during
and/or after the polymerization of the polyester. The polyester(s)
useful in the invention can thus be linear or branched.
[1105] Examples of branching monomers include, but are not limited
to, multifunctional acids or multifunctional alcohols such as
trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride,
trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, citric acid,
tartaric acid, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid and the like. In one
embodiment, the branching monomer residues can comprise 0.1 to 0.7
mole percent of one or more residues chosen from at least one of
the following: trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride,
glycerol, sorbitol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, pentaerythritol,
trimethylolethane, and/or trimesic acid. The branching monomer may
be added to the polyester reaction mixture or blended with the
polyester in the form of a concentrate as described, for example,
in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,654,347 and 5,696,176, whose disclosure
regarding branching monomers is incorporated herein by
reference.
[1106] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyesters
useful in the invention was determined using a TA Instruments Q2000
DSC at a scan rate of 20.degree. C./min.
[1107] In one embodiment, the polyesters of this invention can be
visually clear. The term "visually clear" is defined herein as an
appreciable absence of cloudiness, haziness, and/or muddiness, when
inspected visually. In another embodiment, when the polyesters are
blended with another polymer, the blends can be visually clear.
[1108] The polyesters useful in the invention can be made by
processes known from the literature such as, for example, by
processes in homogenous solution, by transesterification processes
in the melt, and by two phase interfacial processes. Suitable
methods include, but are not limited to, the steps of reacting one
or more dicarboxylic acids with one or more glycols at a
temperature of 100.degree. C. to 315.degree. C. at a pressure of
0.1 to 760 mm Hg for a time sufficient to form a polyester. See
U.S. Pat. No. 3,772,405 for methods of producing polyesters, the
disclosure regarding such methods is hereby incorporated herein by
reference.
[1109] In another aspect, the invention relates to a process for
producing a polyester. The process comprises: [1110] (I) heating a
mixture comprising the monomers useful in any of the polyesters
useful in the invention in the presence of a catalyst at a
temperature of 150 to 240.degree. C. for a time sufficient to
produce an initial polyester; [1111] (II) heating the initial
polyester of step (I) at a temperature of 240 to 320.degree. C. for
1 to 4 hours; and [1112] (III) removing any unreacted glycols.
[1113] Suitable catalysts for use in this process include, but are
not limited to, organo-zinc or tin compounds, including but not
limited to, zinc acetate, butyltin tris-2-ethylhexanoate,
dibutyltin diacetate, and/or dibutyltin oxide. Other catalysts may
include, but are not limited to, those based on titanium, zinc,
manganese, lithium, germanium, and cobalt. A phosphorus compound
may be used in connection with this invention. In one embodiment,
the catalyst can be a combination of manganese, cobalt and
germanium which can be used with phosphorus compounds as described
herein. In another embodiment, titanium and manganese can be used.
In one embodiment, tetrabutyl titanate can be used in combination
with manganese acetate. In one embodiment, titanium and tin
catalysts can be combined. In one embodiment, tin can be used as
the only catalyst. In one embodiment, titanium can be used as the
only catalyst. The invention further relates to a polyester product
made by the process described above.
[1114] The invention further relates to a polymer blend. The blend
comprises: [1115] (a) 0.01 to 99.99 weight % of at least one of the
polyesters described above; and [1116] (b) 0.01 to 99.995 weight %
of at least one of the polymeric components.
[1117] Suitable examples of the polymeric components include, but
are not limited to, nylon, other polyesters different from those
described herien, nylon, polyamides such as ZYTEL.RTM. from DuPont;
polyesters different from those described herein; polystyrene,
polystyrene copolymers, styrene acrylonitrile copolymers,
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers,
poly(methylmethacrylate), acrylic copolymers, poly(ether-imides)
such as ULTEM.RTM. (a poly(ether-imide) from General Electric);
polyphenylene oxides such as poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) or
poly(phenylene oxide)/polystyrene blends such as NORYL 1000.RTM. (a
blend of poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) and polystyrene resins
from General Electric); other polyesters; polyphenylene sulfides;
polyphenylene sulfide/sulfones; poly(ester-carbonates);
polycarbonates such as LEXAN.RTM. (a polycarbonate from General
Electric); polysulfones; polysulfone ethers; and
poly(ether-ketones) of aromatic dihydroxy compounds or mixtures of
any of the other foregoing polymers. The blends can be prepared by
conventional processing techniques known in the art, such as melt
blending or solution blending.
[1118] The polyesters according to the invention can also be used
in blends, such blends being obtainable by means of reactive
extrusion too, with polymers of natural origin, such as starch,
cellulose, chitin and chitosan, alginates, proteins such as gluten,
zein, casein, collagen, gelatine, natural rubbers, rosinic acid and
its derivatives, lignins and their derivatives, natural fibers
(such as for example jute, kenaf, hemp). The starches and
celluloses may be modified and may include, for instance, the
starch and cellulose esters with a degree of substitution coming
between 0.2 and 2.5, hydroxypropylated starches, and modified
starches with fatty chains. Starch can also be used in either
destructurized or gelatinised form, or as a filler. The starch may
represent the continuous or the dispersed phase, or it may be in
co-continuous form. In the case of dispersed starch, the starch
particles have mean dimension of less than 1.mu., and preferably
less than 0.5.mu..
[1119] In case of a spherical particle the particle diameter
corresponds to the diameter of the smaller circle in which the
particle can be inscribed.
[1120] Mixtures of polyesters according to the invention wherein
starch represents the dispersed phase can form biodegradable
polymeric compositions with good-resistance to aging and to
humidity. Indeed, these polymeric compositions can maintain a high
tear strength even in condition of low humidity.
[1121] Such characteristics can be achieved when the water content
of the composition during mixing of the component is kept between
1% and 15% by weight. It is, however, also possible to operate with
a content of less than 1% by weight, in this case, starting with
predried and pre-plasticized starch.
[1122] It could be useful also to degrade starch at a low molecular
weight before or during compounding with the polyesters of the
present invention in order to have in the final material or
finished product a starch inherent viscosity between 1 and 0.2
dl/g, or between 0.6 and 0.25 dl/g, or between 0.55 and 0.3
dl/g.
[1123] Desctructurized starch can be obtained before or during
mixing with the polyesters according to the present invention in
presence of plasticizers such as water, glycerol, di and poly
glycerols, ethylene or propylene glycol, ethylene and propylene
diglycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylenglycol, 1,2 propandiol,
trymethylol ethane, trymethylol propane, pentaerytritol,
dipentaerytritol, sorbitol, erytritol, xylitol, mannitol, sucrose,
1,3 propanediol, 1,2 butanediol, 1,3 butanediol, 1,4 butanediol,
1,5 pentanediol, 1,5 hexanediol, 1,6 hexanediol, 1,2,6 hexanetriol,
1,3,5 hexanetriol, neopentyl glycol and polyvinyl alcohol
prepolymers and polymers, polyols acetates, ethoxylates and
propoxylates, particularly sorbitol ethoxylate, sorbitol acetate,
and pentaerythritol acetate. The quantity of high boiling point
plasticizers (plasticizers different from water) used are generally
from 0% to 50%, or from 10% to 30% by weight, relative to the
starch.
[1124] Water can be used as a plasticizer in combination with high
boiling point plasticizers or alone during the plastification phase
of starch before or during the mixing of the composition and can be
removed at the needed level by degassing on one or more steps
during extrusion. Upon completion of the plastification and mixing
of the components, the water is removed by degassing to give a
final content of about 0.2-3% by weight.
[1125] Water, as well as high-boiling point plasticizers, modifies
the viscosity of the starch phase and affects the rheological
properties of the starch/polymer system, helping to determine the
dimensions of the dispersed particles. Compatibilizers can be also
added to the mixture. They can belong to the following classes:
[1126] Additives such as esters which have hydrophilic/lipophilic
balance index values (HLB) greater than 8 and which are obtained
from polyols and from mono or polycarboxylic acids with
dissociation constants pK lower than 4,5 (the value relates to pK
of the first carboxyl group in the case of polycarboxylic acids);
[1127] Esters with HLB values of between 5,5 and 8, obtained from
polyols and from mono or polycarboxylic acids with less than 12
carbon atoms and with pK values greater than 4.5 (this value
relates to the pK of the first carboxylic group in the case of
polycarboxylic acids); [1128] Esters with HLB values lower than 5.5
obtained from polyols and from fatty acids with 12-22 carbon
atoms.
[1129] These compatibilizers can be used in quantities of from 0.2
to 40% weight and or from 1 to 20% by weight related to the starch.
The starch blends can also contain polymeric compatibilizing agents
having two components: one compatible or soluble with starch and a
second one soluble or compatible with the polyester.
[1130] Examples are starch/polyester copolymers through
transesterification catalysts. Such polymers can be generated
through reactive blending during compounding or can be produced in
a separate process and then added during extrusion, In general
block copolymers of an hydrophilic and an hydrophobic units are
particularly suitable. Additives such as di and polyepoxides, di
and poly isocyanates, isocyanurates, polycarbodiimmides and
peroxides can also be added. They can work as stabilizers as well
as chain extenders.
[1131] All the products above can help to create the needed
microstructure.
[1132] It is also possible to promote in situ reactions to create
bonds between starch and the polymeric matrix. Also
aliphatic-aromatic polymers chain extended with aliphatic or
aromatic diisocyanates or di and polyepoxides or isocyanurates or
with oxazolines with intrinsic viscosities higher than 1 dl/g or in
any case aliphatic-aromatic polyesters with a ratio between Mn and
MFI at 190.degree. C., 2.16 kg higher than 10,000, or higher than
12 500 or higher than 15,000 can also be used to achieve the needed
microstructure.
[1133] Another method to improve the microstructure is to achieve
starch complexation in the starch polyester mixture.
[1134] The starch/polyester ratio can be comprised in the range
5/95% weight up to 60/40% by weight, or 10/90-45/55% by weight.
[1135] In such starch-based blends in combination with the
polyesters of the present invention it is possible to add
polyolefins, polyvinyl alcohol at high and low hydrolysis degree,
ethylene vinylalcohol and ethylene vinylacetate copolymers and
their combinations as well as aliphatic polyesters such as
polybuthylenesuccinate, polybuthylenesuccinate adipate,
polybuthylensuccinate adipate-caprolactate,
polybuthylensuccinate-lactate, polycaprolactone polymers and
copolymers, PBT, PET, PTT, polyamides, polybuthylen terephthalate
adipates with a content of terephthalic acid between 40 and 70%
with and without sulfonated groups with or without branches and
possibly chain extended with diisocyanates or isocyanurates,
polyurethanes, polyamide-urethanes, cellulose and starch esters
such as acetate, propionate and butryate with substitution degrees
between 1 and 3, or between 1.5 and 2.5, polyhydroxyalkanoates,
poly L-lactic acid, poly-D lactic acid and lactides, their mixtures
and copolymers.
[1136] The starch blends of the polyesters of the present invention
can be easily processable in film blowing even at MFI (170.degree.
C., 5 kg) of 7 g/10 min. Moreover, they can have impact strength
higher than 20 kJ/m2, or higher than 30 kJ/m2, or higher than 45
kJ/m2 (measured on blown film 30 .mu.m thick at 10.degree. C. and
less than 5% relative humidity). Particularly resistant and easily
processable compounds contain destructurized starch in combination
with the polyesters of the invention and polylactic acid polymers
and copolymers with and without additives such as polyepoxides,
carbodiimmides and/or peroxides.
[1137] In general, to obtain co-continuous structures it is
possible to work either on the selection of starch with high
amylopectine content and/or to add to the starch-polyester
compositions block copolymers with hydrophobic and hydrophilic
units. Possible examples are polyvinylacetate/polyvinylalcohol and
polyester/polyether copolymers in which the block length, the
balance between the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the blocks
and the quality of compatibilizer used can be suitably changed in
order to finely adjust the microstructure of the starch-polyester
compositions.
[1138] The polymers according to the invention can also be blended
with polyolefins, such as polyethylene, polypropylene and their
copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyethyl vinyl
acetate and polyethylene vinyl alcohol, polyester urethanes,
polyurethanes, polyamides, polyureas and aromatic polyesters of the
diacid diol type wherein the aromatic acid is 2.5 furandicarboxylic
acid.
[1139] The polymers according to the invention can also be used as
prepolymers in the production of polyurethanes and polyureas.
[1140] In one embodiment, the polyesters of the invention are
blended with starch.
[1141] The polyesters according to the invention can also be used
in blends with polymers of synthetic origin and with the
previously-mentioned polymers of natural origin.
[1142] Binary and ternary blends of the polyester according to the
present invention with biodegradable polyesters of the type
disclosed above and/or with polymers of natural origin are
particularly suitable for the production of films. Advantageously,
the films obtained with said blends show excellent mechanical
properties.
[1143] In one embodiments, the polyesters of the invention can be
mixed with starch and polylactic acid.
[1144] Blends of the polyesters according the present invention
with PLA are of particular interest because their high
compatibility with PLA polymers and copolymers permits to cover
materials with a wide range of rigidities--which makes these blends
particularly suitable for injection molding and extrusion.
[1145] Moreover, blends of such polyesters with poly L-lactic acid
and poly D-lactic acid or poly L-lactide and D-lactide where the
ratio between poly L- and poly D-lactic acid or lactide is in the
range 10/90-90/10, or 20/80-80/20, and the ratio between
aliphatic-aromatic polyester and the polylactic acid or PLA blend
is in the range 5/95-95/5, or 10/90 90/10, are of particular
interest for the high thermal resistance. Polylactic acid or
lactide polymers or copolymers are generally of molecular weight Mn
in the range between 30,000 and 30,000 or between 50,000 and
250,000.
[1146] To improve the transparency and toughness of such blends and
decrease or avoid a lamellar structure of polylactide polymers, it
is possible to introduce other polymers as compatibilizers or
toughening agents such as: polybutylene succinate and copolymers
with adipic acid and or lactic acid and or hydroxyl caproic acid,
polycaprolactone, aliphatic polymers of diols from C2 to C13 and
diacids from C4 to C13, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyvinylalcohol in
the range of hydrolysis degree between 75 and 99% and its
copolymers, polyvinylacetate in a range of hydrolysis degree
between 0 and 70%, or between 0 and 60%. In one embodiment, the
diols used in the polyesters of the invention can be chosen from
ethylene glycol, propandiol, butanediol and the acids used in the
polyesters of the invention can be chosen from: azelaic, sebacic,
undecandioic acid, dodecandioic acid, brassylic acid and their
combinations.
[1147] To maximize compatibility among the polyesters of the
invention and polylactic acid it is very useful the introduction of
copolymers with blocks having high affinity for the aliphatic
aromatic copolyesters of the invention, and blocks with affinity
for the lactic acid polymers or copolymers. One embodiment of the
invention can be block copolymers of the aliphatic aromatic
copolymers of the invention with polylactic acid. Such block
copolymers can be obtained taking the two original polymers
terminated with hydroxyl groups and then reacting such polymers
with chain extenders able to react with hydroxyl groups such as
diisocyanates.
[1148] Examples are 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone
diisocyanate, methylene diphenildiisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate
or the like. It is also possible to use chain extenders able to
react with carboxylic groups like di and poly epoxides (e.g.
bisphenols diglycidyl ethers, glycerol diglycidyl ethers) divinyl
derivatives if the polymers of the blend are terminated with acid
groups. It is possible also to use as chain extenders
carbodiimmides, bis-oxazolines, isocyanurates etc.
[1149] The intrinsic viscosity of such block copolymers can be
between 0.3 and 1.5 dl/g, or between 0.45 and 1.2 dl/g. The amount
of compatibilizer in the blend of aliphaticaromatic copolyesters
and polylactic acid can be in the range between 0.5 and 50% by
weight, or between 1 and 30% by weight, or between 2 and 20% by
weight.
[1150] The polyesters according to the present invention can
advantageously be blended also with nucleating agents and filler
both of organic and inorganic nature.
[1151] Examples of nucleating agents include talc, saccharine
sodium salt, calcium silicate, sodium benzoate, calcium titanate,
boron nitride, zinc salts, porphyrin, chlorine, phlorin,
porphodimethine, porphomethine, bacteriochlorin, isobacteriochorin,
porphyrinogen, phorbin, isotactic polypropylene, PLA with low
molecular weight and PBT.
[1152] In one embodiment, the amount of fillers can be in the range
of 0.5-70% by weight, or 5-50% by weight.
[1153] As regards organic fillers, wood powder, proteins, cellulose
powder, grape residue, bran, maize husks, compost, other natural
fibres, cereal grits with and without plasticizers such as polyols
can be mentioned.
[1154] As regards inorganic fillers, it can be mentioned substances
that are able to be dispersed and/or to be reduced in lamellas with
submicronic dimensions, for example, less than 500 nm or less than
300 nm, or less than 50 nm. In one embodiment, inorganic fillers
can be selected from zeolites and silicates of various kind such as
wollastonites, montmorillonites, hydrotalcites also funetionalised
with molecules able to interact with starch and or the specific
polyester. The use of such fillers can improve stiffness, water and
gas permeability, dimensional stability and maintain
transparency.
[1155] The biodegradable polyesters according to the invention are
biodegradable according to the standard EN 13432.
[1156] The process for producing the polyesters according to the
present invention can be conducted using any of the known processes
according to the state of the art. In particular, the polyesters
can be advantageously obtained using a polycondensation reaction.
The copolyester polymerisation process can be advantageously
conducted in the presence of a suitable catalyst. An example of a
suitable catalyst might be the organometallc compounds of tin such
as the derivatives of stannoic acid, or the compounds of titanium
such as orthobutyl titanate, or the compounds of aluminium such as
Al-triisopropyl, or of antimony and zinc.
[1157] In addition, the polyester compositions and the polymer
blend compositions containing the polyesters useful in this
invention may also contain from 0.01 to 25% by weight or 0.01 to
20% by weight or 0.01 to 15% by weight or 0.01 to 10% by weight or
0.01 to 5% by weight of the total weight of the polyester
composition of common additives such as colorants, dyes, mold
release agents, release agents that release the polymer from rolls
of the manufacturing equipment, flame retardants, plasticizers,
nucleating agents, stabilizers, including but not limited to, UV
stabilizers, thermal stabilizers and/or reaction products thereof,
fillers, and impact modifiers. Examples of typical commercially
available impact modifiers well known in the art and useful in this
invention include, but are not limited to, ethylene/propylene
terpolymers; functionalized polyolefins, such as those containing
methyl acrylate and/or glycidyl methacrylate; styrene-based block
copolymeric impact modifiers; and various acrylic core/shell type
impact modifiers. For example, UV additives can be incorporated
into articles of manufacture through addition to the bulk, through
application of a hard coat, or through coextrusion of a cap layer.
Residues of such additives are also contemplated as part of the
polyester composition.
[1158] In the case of adding release agents which reduce adhesion
to manufacturing equipment such as calendering rolls, these can be
selected from the group comprising esters of fatty acids and
amides, and metal salts, soaps, paraffin, or hydrocarbon waxes such
as: zinc stearate, calcium stearate, aluminum stearate,
stearamides, erucamides, behenamides, white beeswax, candelilla
wax, LDPE with high MFI such as Eastman Epolene N21, Epolene E20,
and Lofio HOB 7119.
[1159] An increase in the molecular weight of the polyesters can be
advantageously obtained, for instance, by adding various organic
peroxides during the extrusion process. The increase in the
molecular weight of the biodegradable polyesters is easily
detectable on observing the increase in the viscosity values after
processing the polyesters with the peroxides.
[1160] Examples of peroxides that can advantageously be used are
selected from the group of dialkyl peroxides, such as: benzoyl
peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, isononanoyl peroxide,
di-(tbutylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, t-butyl peroxide, dicumyl
peroxide, alpha,alpha-di(t 20 butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene,
2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)hexane, t-butyl cumyl peroxide,
di-t-butylperoxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)hex-3-yne,
di(4-tbutylcyclohexyl)peroxydi-carbonate, dicetyl
peroxydicarbonate, dimyristyl peroxydicarbonate,
3,69-triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonan,
di(2-ethylhexyl)peroxydicarbonate and mixtures thereof.
[1161] In one embodiment, peroxides can be added to the polyesters
according to the invention in a quantity of less than 0.5% by
weight, or less than 0.01-0.2% by weight, or less than 0.01-0.1% by
weight.
[1162] The polyesters of the invention can comprise at least one
chain extender. Suitable chain extenders include, but are not
limited to, multifunctional (including, but not limited to,
bifunctional) isocyanates, multifunctional epoxides, including for
example, epoxylated novolacs, and phenoxy resins. In certain
embodiments, chain extenders may be added at the end of the
polymerization process or after the polymerization process. If
added after the polymerization process, chain extenders can be
incorporated by compounding or by addition during conversion
processes such as injection molding or extrusion. The amount of
chain extender used can vary depending on the specific monomer
composition used and the physical properties desired but can be
selected from 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight,
or from 0.1 to about 5 percent by weight, based on the total weight
of the polyester.
[1163] The polyesters of the invention can contain phosphorous
compounds including but not limited to phosphoric acid, phosphorous
acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid, phosphonous acid, and
various esters and salts thereof. These can be present in the
polyester compositions useful in the invention. The esters can be
alkyl, branched alkyl, substituted alkyl, difunctional alkyl, alkyl
ethers, aryl, and substituted aryl. In one embodiment, the number
of ester groups present in the particular phosphorous compound can
vary from zero up to the maximum allowable based on the number of
hydroxyl groups present on the phosphorus compound used. Examples
of phosphorus compounds useful in the invention can include
phosphites, phosphates, phosphinates, or phosphonites, including
the esters thereof.
[1164] The polyesters of the invention can have good molecular
weight. In one embodiment, the number average molecular weight of
the polyesters is at least 10,000. In one embodiment, the number
average molecular weight of the polyesters is at least 20,000.
[1165] Reinforcing materials may be useful in the compositions of
this invention. The reinforcing materials may include, but are not
limited to, carbon filaments, silicates, mica, clay, talc, titanium
dioxide, Wollastonite, glass flakes, glass beads and fibers, and
polymeric fibers and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the
reinforcing materials are glass, such as, fibrous glass filaments,
mixtures of glass and talc, glass and mica, and glass and polymeric
fibers.
[1166] In another embodiment, the invention further relates to
articles of manufacture comprising any of the polyesters and blends
described herein.
[1167] The present polyesters and/or polyester blend compositions
can be useful in forming fibers, films, molded articles, foamed
articles, containers, bottles and sheeting. The methods of forming
the polyesters into fibers, films, molded articles, containers, and
sheeting are well known in the art.
[1168] The invention further relates to articles of manufacture.
These articles include, but are not limited to, injection molded
articles, injection blow molded articles, injection stretch blow
molded articles, extrusion blow molded articles, extrusion stretch
blow molded articles, extrusion coatings, calendered articles,
compression molded articles, and solution casted articles. Methods
of making the articles of manufacuture, include, but are not
limited to, extrusion blow molding, extrusion stretch blow molding,
injection blow molding, injection stretch blow molding,
calendering, rotomolding, compression molding, and solution
casting.
[1169] The polyesters according to the invention have properties
and viscosity values that make them suitable, after adjusting their
molecular weight, for use in numerous practical applications such
as films, injection molded products, extrusion coatings, fibres,
foams, thermoformed products, extruded profiles and sheets,
extrusion blow molding, injection blow molding, rotomolding,
stretch blow molding, etc.
[1170] In another embodiment, the invention further relates to
articles of manufacture comprising the film(s) and/or sheet(s)
containing polyester compositions described herein. In another
embodiment, the invention relates to fibers. In yet another
embodiment, the invention relates to foams. In another embodiment,
this invention relates to thermoformed articles. In another
embodiment, this invention relates to packaging materials.
[1171] The methods of forming polyesters into film(s) and/or
sheet(s) are well known in the art. Examples of film production
technologies include film blowing, casting and coestrusion.
Examples of film(s) and/or sheet(s) of the invention including but
not limited to extruded film(s) and/or sheet(s), calendered film(s)
and/or sheet(s), compression molded film(s) and/or sheet(s),
solution casted film(s) and/or sheet(s). Methods of making film
and/or sheet include but are not limited to extrusion, calendering,
compression molding, and solution casting.
[1172] Examples of potential articles made from film and/or sheet
include, but are not limited, to uniaxially stretched film,
biaxially stretched film, shrink film (whether or not uniaxially or
biaxially stretched), liquid crystal display film (including, but
not limited to, diffuser sheets, compensation films and protective
films), thermoformed sheet, graphic arts film, outdoor signs,
skylights, coating(s), coated articles, painted articles,
laminates, laminated articles, and/or multiwall films or
sheets.
[1173] Films obtained, with the polyester according to the present
invention show excellent mechanical properties, such as for example
an ultimate elongation greater than 350%, or greater than 400%, or
greater than 500% with an ultimate energy greater than 70 MJ/m3, or
greater than 90 MJ/m3 or greater than 100 MJ/m3.
[1174] In particular, the polyesters according to the invention are
suitable for manufacturing: [1175] mono- and bi-oriented films, and
films multilayered with other polymers; [1176] films for use in the
agricultural sector, such as films for use in mulching; [1177]
cling films for use with foodstuffs, for bales in agriculture, and
for wrapping waste; [1178] shrink film such as for example for
pallets, mineral water, six pack rings, and so on; [1179] bags and
bin liners for the organic waste collection, e.g. the collection of
food scraps and gardening waste; [1180] thermoformed foodstuff
packaging, both mono- and multi-layered, as in containers for milk,
yogurt, meats, beverages, etc; [1181] coatings obtained, using the
extrusion coating method; [1182] multilayer laminates with rigid or
flexible backings such as for example paper, plastic, aluminium, or
metallic films; [1183] foamed or foamable beads for the production
of pieces obtained by sintering; [1184] foamed and semi-foamed
products, including foamed blocks formed using pre-expanded
articles; [1185] foamed sheets, thermoformed foam sheets, and
containers obtained from them for use in foodstuff packaging;
[1186] fruit and vegetable containers in general; [1187] composites
with gelatinised, destructured and/or complexed starch, natural
starch, flours, other fillers of natural, vegetal or inorganic
origin; [1188] fibres, microfibres, composite fibres with a core
consisting of rigid polymers, such as PLA, PET, PTT etc., and an
external shell made using the material according to the invention,
dablens composite fibres, fibres with different cross sections,
from round to multilobed, fibres in flakes, woven and nonwoven, or
spun-bonded or thermobonded fabrics for use in sanitary and hygiene
products, and in the agricultural and clothing sectors.
[1189] Other uses may also include applications in which the
polyesters are used in lieu of plastic coated PVC.
[1190] As used herein, the abbreviation "wt" means "weight".
[1191] The following examples further illustrate how the
compositions of matter of the invention can be made and evaluated,
and are intended to be purely exemplary of the invention and are
not intended to limit the scope thereof. Unless indicated
otherwise, parts are parts by weight, temperature is in degrees C.
or is at room temperature, and pressure is at or near
atmospheric.
EXAMPLES
[1192] Unless otherwise specified, the cis/trans ratio of the 1,4
cyclohexanedimethanol used in the following examples was
approximately 30/70, and could range from 35/65 to 25/75.
[1193] The following abbreviations apply throughout the working
examples and figures:
TABLE-US-00001 TPA Terephthalic acid DMT Dimethyl terephthalate
CHDM 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol TMCD
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol FDCA 2,5-Furandicarboxylic
Acid IhV or IV Inherent Viscosity T.sub.g Glass transition
temperature EG Ethylene Glycol
[1194] All polymers in the examples were prepared by standard
melt-phase polycondensation polymerization techniques known in the
art. The polymer inherent viscosity (IhV) was measured by solution
viscometry, using Phenol/1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (60/40) as a
solvent. The polymer glass transition temperatures were measured by
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with a TA Q2000
Differential Scanning calorimeter with refrigerated cooling
accessory (RCA), with the first heating from 0 to 280.degree. C. at
20.degree. C./min, followed by cooling to 0.degree. C. at
20.degree. C./min, and heating again (second heating) from 0 to
280.degree. C. at 20.degree. C./min. The glass transition
temperature (Tg) was recorded during the second heating cycle.
Polymer compositions (mole percent glycols) were measured by proton
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) using standard
methods known in the art.
Example 1
Poly(cyclohexylmethylene-tetramethylcyclobutylene furanoate)
[1195] A 500 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.15 mole DMF (27.6
g), 0.11 mole CHDM (15.6 g), 0.05 mole (7.3 g)
2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol and a solution of tin (IV)
catalyst such that the concentration of tin was approximately 200
ppm based upon final polymer weight. The mixture was heated to
200.degree. C. for while stirring at atmospheric pressure under a
N2 purge. The temperature was then slowly increased to 265.degree.
C. over a period of about one hour. The pressure was then slowly
reduced to about 0.3 Torr by means of a vacuum pump and held for
about 30 minutes, collecting condensate in a sidarm flask cooled
with dry ice located between the reaction flask and the vacuum
pump. The resulting polymer was cooled to room temperature,
separated from the flask, and cryogenically ground. The resulting
polymer had glycol composition 27 mole % TMCD and 73 mole % CHDM.
The resulting polymer had IhV=0.70 dL/g and Tg=96.degree. C.
Example 2
Poly(cyclohexylmethylene-tetramethylcyclobutylene
terephthalate)
[1196] A 100 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.15 mole DMT (29.1
g), 0.11 mole CHDM (15.6 g), 0.05 mole TMCD (7.1 g) and a solution
of tin (IV) catalyst such that the concentration of tin was
approximately 200 ppm based upon final polymer weight. The mixture
was heated to 200.degree. C. for while stirring at atmospheric
pressure under a N2 purge. The temperature was then slowly
increased to 265.degree. C. over a period of about one hour. The
pressure was then slowly reduced to about 0.3 Torr by means of a
vacuum pump and held for about 30 minutes, collecting condensate in
a sidarm flask cooled with dry ice located between the reaction
flask and the vacuum pump. The resulting polymer was cooled to room
temperature, separated from the flask, and cryogenically ground.
The resulting polymer had glycol composition 28 mole % TMCD and 72
mole % CHDM. The resulting polymer had IhV=0.70 dL/g and
Tg=114.degree. C.
Example 3
Glycol-Modified Poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate), PEFG
[1197] A 100 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.12 mole FDCA (18.7
g), 0.04 mole CHDM (5.6 g), 0.20 mole EG (12.5 g) and a solution of
titanium tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol such that the
concentration of Ti was approximately 50 ppm based upon final
polymer weight. The mixture was heated to 200.degree. C. for about
80 minutes while stirring at atmospheric pressure under a N2 purge.
The pressure was then slowly reduced to 130 Torr by means of a
vacuum pump and the temperature increased to 245.degree. C. and
held for about 30 minutes, collecting condensate in a sidearm flask
cooled with dry ice located between the reaction flask and the
vacuum pump. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 0.5 Torr and
the temperature increased to 260.degree. C. and held for about one
hour. The resulting polymer was cooled to room temperature,
separated from the flask, and cryogenically ground. The resulting
polymer had a glycol constituent composition of about 31 mole
percent CHDM. The resulting polymer had IhV=0.76 dL/g and
Tg=84.degree. C.
Example 4
Glycol-Modified Poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene
furandicarboxylate), PCFG
[1198] A 100 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.12 mole FDCA (18.7
g), 0.07 mole CHDM (10.7 g), 0.17 mole EG (10.3 g) and a solution
of titanium tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol such that the
concentration of Ti was approximately 50 ppm based upon final
polymer weight. The mixture was heated to 200.degree. C. for about
60 minutes while stirring at atmospheric pressure under a N2 purge.
The pressure was then slowly reduced to 130 Torr by means of a
vacuum pump and the temperature increased to 245.degree. C. and
held for about 30 minutes, collecting condensate in a sidearm flask
cooled with dry ice located between the reaction flask and the
vacuum pump. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 0.5 Torr and
the temperature increased to 260.degree. C. and held for about 80
minutes. The resulting polymer was cooled to room temperature,
separated from the flask, and cryogenically ground. The resulting
polymer had a glycol constituent composition of about 59 mole
percent CHDM. The resulting polymer had IhV=0.90 dL/g and
Tg=85.degree. C.
Example 5
Poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene furandicarboxylate), PCF
[1199] A 100 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.1 mole FDCA (15.7
g), 0.11 mole CHDM (15.1 g), and a solution of titanium
tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol such that the concentration of
Ti was approximately 50 ppm based upon final polymer weight. The
mixture was heated to 200.degree. C. while stirring at atmospheric
pressure under a N2 purge until a well-dispersed slurry was
obtained. The temperature was then increased to 285.degree. C. over
a period of about 15 minutes, at which point a clear liquid melt
was observed. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 0.5 Torr by
means of a vacuum pump and held for about 60 minutes, collecting
condensate in a sidearm flask cooled with dry ice located between
the reaction flask and the vacuum pump. The resulting polymer was
cooled to room temperature, separated from the flask, and
cryogenically ground. The resulting polymer had IhV=0.81 dL/g and
Tg=86.degree. C.
Example 6
Poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET
[1200] A 100 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.1 mole terephthalic
acid, TPA, (16.6 g), 0.30 mole EG (18.6 g), and a solution of
titanium tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol such that the
concentration of Ti was approximately 500 ppm based upon final
polymer weight. The mixture was heated to 185.degree. C. for about
14 hours while stirring at atmospheric pressure under a N2 purge.
The temperature was then increased to 230.degree. C. for about 30
minutes. The temperature was then increased to about 245.degree. C.
for about 30 minutes, at which point a clear liquid melt was
observed. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 130 Torr by means
of a vacuum pump and the temperature increased to 260.degree. C.
and held for about 30 minutes, collecting condensate in a sidearm
flask cooled with dry ice located between the reaction flask and
the vacuum pump. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 0.5 Torr
and the temperature increased to 275.degree. C. and held for about
45 minutes. The resulting polymer was cooled to room temperature,
separated from the flask, and cryogenically ground. The resulting
polymer had IhV=1.00 dL/g and Tg=80.degree. C.
Example 7
Glycol-Modified Poly(ethylene terephthalate), PETG
[1201] A 100 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.12 mole terephthalic
acid, TPA, (19.9 g), 0.04 mole CHDM (5.3 g), 0.20 mole EG (12.6 g),
and a solution of titanium tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol
such that the concentration of Ti was approximately 25 ppm based
upon final polymer weight. The mixture was heated to 185.degree. C.
for about 17 hours while stirring at atmospheric pressure under a
N2 purge. The temperature was then increased to 230.degree. C. for
about 60 minutes. The temperature was then increased to about
245.degree. C. for about 60 minutes, at which point a clear liquid
melt was observed. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 130 Torr
by means of a vacuum pump and the temperature increased to
260.degree. C. and held for about 60 minutes, collecting condensate
in a sidearm flask cooled with dry ice located between the reaction
flask and the vacuum pump. The pressure was then slowly reduced to
4 Torr and the temperature increased to 270.degree. C. and held for
about 30 minutes. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 0.5 Torr
and held for about 90 minutes. The resulting polymer was cooled to
room temperature, separated from the flask, and cryogenically
ground. The resulting polymer had a glycol constituent composition
of about 30 mole percent CHDM. The resulting polymer had IhV=1.07
dL/g and Tg=83.degree. C.
Example 8
Glycol-Modified Poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate),
PCTG
[1202] A 100 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.05 mole TPA, (8.3
g), 0.05 mole dimethyl terephthalate (DMT, 9.7 g), 0.07 mole CHDM
(9.5 g), 0.13 mole EG (8.3 g), and a solution of titanium
tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol such that the concentration of
Ti was approximately 50 ppm based upon final polymer weight. The
mixture was heated to 200.degree. C. for about 60 minutes while
stirring at atmospheric pressure under a N2 purge. The temperature
was then increased to 210.degree. C. and held for about 60 minutes.
The temperature was then increased to 245.degree. C. and held for
about 45 minutes. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 130 Torr
by means of a vacuum pump and the temperature increased to
260.degree. C. and held for about 30 minutes, collecting condensate
in a sidearm flask cooled with dry ice located between the reaction
flask and the vacuum pump. The pressure was then slowly reduced to
4 Torr and the temperature increased to 275.degree. C. and held for
about 15 minutes. The pressure was then slowly reduced to 0.5 Torr
and held for about 45 minutes. The resulting polymer was cooled to
room temperature, separated from the flask, and cryogenically
ground. The resulting polymer had a glycol constituent composition
of about 62 mole percent CHDM. The resulting polymer had IhV=0.98
dL/g and Tg=89.degree. C.
Example 9
Poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate), PCT
[1203] A 500 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.5 mole dimethyl
terephthalate (DMT, 97.0 g), 0.55 mole CHDM (79.2 g) and a solution
of titanium tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol such that the
concentration of Ti was approximately 100 ppm based upon final
polymer weight. The mixture was heated to 220.degree. C. while
stirring at atmospheric pressure under a N2 purge until a clear
melt was obtained. The temperature was then increased to
290.degree. C. over a period of about 30 minutes. The pressure was
then slowly reduced to about 0.3 Torr by means of a vacuum pump and
held for about 50 minutes, collecting condensate in a sidarm flask
cooled with dry ice located between the reaction flask and the
vacuum pump. The resulting polymer was cooled to room temperature,
separated from the flask, and cryogenically ground. The resulting
polymer had IhV=0.85 dL/g and Tg=95.degree. C.
Example 10
Poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate), PEF
[1204] A 500 ml round-bottom flask fitted with a sidearm and
condensate collection flask was charged with 0.5 mole FDCA (78.0
g), 1 mole EG (62.1 g), and a solution of titanium
tetraisopropoxide in ethylene glycol such that the concentration of
Ti was approximately 50 ppm based upon final polymer weight. The
mixture was heated to 200.degree. C. for about one hour while
stirring at atmospheric pressure under a N2 purge. The temperature
was then increased to 215.degree. C. for about one hour. The
pressure was then slowly reduced to about 0.3 Torr by means of a
vacuum pump, and the temperature increased to 260.degree. C. and
held for about one to two hours, collecting condensate in a sidearm
flask cooled with dry ice located between the reaction flask and
the vacuum pump. The resulting polymer was cooled to room
temperature, separated from the flask, and cryogenically ground.
The resulting polymer had IhV=0.72 dL/g and Tg=87.degree. C.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 Summary of Examples Mole % Mole % Mole %
Mole % Mole % IhV, Tg, Example TPA FDCA EG CHDM TMCD dL/g .degree.
C. Example 1 0 100 0 73 27 0.70 96 Example 2 100 0 0 72 28 0.70 114
Example 3 0 100 69 31 0 0.76 84 (PEFG) Example 4 0 100 41 59 0 0.90
85 (PCFG) Example 5 0 100 0 100 0 0.81 86 (PCF) Example 6 100 0 100
0 0 1.00 80 (PET) Example 7 100 0 69 31 0 1.07 83 (PETG) Example 8
100 0 38 62 0 0.98 89 (PCTG) Example 9 100 0 0 100 0 0.85 95 (PCT)
Example 0 100 100 0 0 0.72 87 10 (PEF)
[1205] It can be clearly seen from a comparison of the data in the
above relevant working examples that the polyesters of the present
invention offer a definite advantage over the commercially
available polyesters.
[1206] The invention has been described in detail with reference to
the embodiments disclosed herein, but it will be understood that
variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and
scope of the invention.
* * * * *