U.S. patent application number 13/681733 was filed with the patent office on 2013-03-28 for bleaching foils.
This patent application is currently assigned to HENKEL AG & CO. KGAA. The applicant listed for this patent is Henkel AG & Co. KGaA. Invention is credited to Rainer Jeschke, Anett Kaplan, Astrid Kleen, Hartmut Manneck, Carolin Welz.
Application Number | 20130074863 13/681733 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 44625354 |
Filed Date | 2013-03-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130074863 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kleen; Astrid ; et
al. |
March 28, 2013 |
BLEACHING FOILS
Abstract
Foil applicators for selective lightening of keratinic fibers
and methods for selective lightening of keratinic fibers are
provided. In an embodiment, a foil applicator contains a first
layer comprising a leaf-like substrate and a second layer
comprising a bleaching preparation containing a solid
peroxodisulfate salt applied to the leaf-like substrate. The
bleaching preparation is embedded in a nonwoven supporting
material.
Inventors: |
Kleen; Astrid; (Hamburg,
DE) ; Jeschke; Rainer; (Dusseldorf, DE) ;
Welz; Carolin; (Hamburg, DE) ; Manneck; Hartmut;
(Klein Wesenberg, DE) ; Kaplan; Anett;
(Duesseldorf, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Henkel AG & Co. KGaA; |
Duesseldorf |
|
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
HENKEL AG & CO. KGAA
Duesseldorf
DE
|
Family ID: |
44625354 |
Appl. No.: |
13/681733 |
Filed: |
November 20, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
PCT/EP2011/053436 |
Mar 8, 2011 |
|
|
|
13681733 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
132/208 ;
424/401; 424/62 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A45D 19/0008 20130101;
A61K 8/22 20130101; A61Q 5/08 20130101; A45D 19/0025 20130101; A45D
2007/001 20130101; A61K 8/02 20130101; A45D 2019/0091 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
132/208 ;
424/401; 424/62 |
International
Class: |
A45D 19/00 20060101
A45D019/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 21, 2010 |
DE |
102010029206.0 |
Claims
1. A foil applicator for selective lightening of keratinic fibers,
the foil applicator comprising: a first layer comprising a
leaf-like substrate; and a second layer comprising a bleaching
preparation containing a solid peroxodisulfate salt applied to the
leaf-like substrate, wherein the bleaching preparation is embedded
in a nonwoven supporting material.
2. The foil applicator according to claim 1, wherein the leaf-like
substrate is an aluminum foil.
3. The foil applicator according to one of claim 1, wherein the
second layer is attached by gluing and/or welding the nonwoven
supporting material to the leaf-like substrate.
4. The foil applicator according to claim 1, wherein the solid
peroxodisulfate salt is chosen from ammonium peroxodisulfate,
potassium peroxodisulfate and sodium peroxodisulfate.
5. The foil applicator according to claim 1, wherein the bleaching
preparation additionally contains silica, oligomers or polymers
thereof, and/or one of alkali or alkaline-earth metal salts
thereof.
6. The foil applicator according to claim 1, wherein the bleaching
preparation has a film thickness of from about 5 .mu.m to about 200
.mu.m.
7. The foil applicator according to claim 6, wherein the bleaching
preparation has the film thickness of from about 10 .mu.m to about
150 .mu.m.
8. The foil applicator according to claim 7, wherein the bleaching
preparation has the film thickness of from about 20 .mu.m to about
100 .mu.m.
9. The foil applicator according to claim 1, wherein the foil
applicator additionally comprises: a water-permeable barrier layer
applied to the second layer; and a solid oxidizing agent
preparation containing as an oxidizing agent a solid addition
product of hydrogen peroxide with organic or inorganic compounds,
wherein the solid oxidizing agent preparation is applied to the
water-permeable barrier layer.
10. The foil applicator according to claim 9, wherein the foil
applicator comprises as an additional layer a peelable,
water-impermeable foil by means of which an uncovered surface of
the bleaching preparation or of the solid oxidizing agent
preparation that is exposed to air is completely covered.
11. A method for lightening keratinic fibers, wherein the method
comprises the steps of: providing a foil applicator having a
leaf-like substrate and a bleaching preparation containing a solid
peroxodisulfate salt applied to the leaf-like substrate, wherein
the bleaching preparation is embedded in a nonwoven supporting
material; treating the foil applicator with an oxidizing agent
preparation containing hydrogen peroxide in a cosmetic carrier;
immediately thereafter, laying a bundle of keratinic fibers on the
foil applicator and wrapping the bundle in the foil applicator;
leaving the bundle of keratinic fibers in the foil applicator for a
contact period of about 10 to about 60 minutes; removing the foil
applicator; and rinsing the bundle of keratinic fibers.
12. A method for lightening keratinic fibers, wherein the method
comprises the steps of: providing a multilayer foil applicator
having; a first layer comprising a leaf-like substrate; a second
layer comprising a bleaching preparation containing a solid
peroxodisulfate salt applied to the leaf-like substrate, wherein
the bleaching preparation is embedded in a nonwoven supporting
material; a water-permeable barrier layer applied to the second
layer; and a solid oxidizing agent preparation containing as an
oxidizing agent a solid addition product of hydrogen peroxide with
organic or inorganic compounds, wherein the solid oxidizing agent
preparation is applied to the water-permeable barrier layer;
treating the multilayer foil applicator with water on a side with
the solid oxidizing agent preparation; immediately thereafter,
laying a bundle of keratinic fibers on the multilayer foil
applicator and wrapping the bundle in the multilayer foil
applicator; leaving the bundle of keratinic fibers in the
multilayer foil applicator for a contact period of about 10 to
about 60 minutes; removing the multilayer foil applicator from the
bundle of keratinic fibers; and rinsing the bundle of keratinic
fibers.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This is a continuation of International Application No.
PCT/EP2011/053436, filed Mar. 8, 2011, which was published under
PCT Article 21(2) and which claims priority to German Application
No. 102010029206.0, filed May 21, 2010, which are all hereby
incorporated in their entirety by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The technical field relates to a foil-like applicator for
the selective color lightening of keratinic fibers, in particular
human hair, and to methods for producing selective lightening
effects on human head hair with such foil applicators.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Changing one's outward appearance, in particular changing
the color of one's head hair, is an enduring fashion requirement in
society. In addition to coloring the hair, lightening the hair is
of particular interest to the user. For that reason lightening
agents are in widespread use, either in the hairdressing sector or
by home application. A number of problems arise when coloring the
hair--in particular when coloring the hair by home application.
Firstly, natural color shades are completely covered up, making
multi-tonal colors difficult to achieve. Secondly, the selective
lightening of individual sections of the hair, such as fiber
bundles, strands and partings for example, is difficult to achieve
without suitable aids. The use of suitable aids such as applicators
or brushes frequently demands considerable experience and skill,
however.
[0004] To give the hair a more natural appearance, undyed or dyed
hairs are conventionally partially decolorized by the targeted
application of oxidizing agents. Selected sections of the hair
("highlights") to which the oxidizing agent preparation is applied
fade during this process, giving rise to a multi-tonal hair color.
The oxidizing agent preparation is applied using a brush or
applicator, the hair to be treated optionally being selected by
means of aluminum foil or a "highlighting cap".
[0005] The problem with this procedure is that to produce the
actual lightening preparation, a bleaching powder is usually mixed
with an oxidizing agent preparation first and then strands and
foils have to be wetted. In addition, it is often difficult to
estimate the amount of application mixture required, so fresh
mixture has to be prepared subsequently or surplus mixture
discarded.
[0006] Therefore in the prior art, in particular WO1993/010687A1,
the use of highlighting foils or highlighting papers to produce
highlights has been proposed. These are flexible substrates
impregnated with an activator encompassing ammonia or ammonium
salts and optionally coloring agents and foaming agents. The
impregnated substrates are treated before use with an oxidizing
agent containing hydrogen peroxide in order to produce the actual
lightening preparation and applied by wrapping them around the
strand to be lightened.
[0007] Mixing on the foil presents a number of disadvantages for
the user. Firstly it must be ensured that all foils are treated
with the same amount of oxidizing agent. Secondly, after mixing the
oxidizing agent preparation, the time within which it can be
applied to the strand is limited. However, different preparation
compositions and/or varying application time periods can lead to
undesirable and uneven lightening results. There is therefore still
a need, in particular for inexpert users, for easy-to-use
applicator forms for the selective lightening of sections of the
hair, in particular for producing highlights.
[0008] Finally the use of hydrogen peroxide alone is often not
sufficient to achieve a satisfactory lightening result, in
particular on dark hair. To improve the lightening result, bleach
boosters are frequently added to bleaching agents. Peroxo salts are
particularly suitable as bleach boosters, in particular
peroxodisulfates. Owing to their salt form, however, there are
limits to the extent to which these substances can be attached to a
substrate or impregnated into a substrate without the solid peroxo
salts crumbling when the foil is folded, reducing the bleaching
power. There is also the risk that these salts will become detached
when the foil is wrapped around the strand, resulting in pronounced
bleaching agent gradients within the wrap.
SUMMARY
[0009] At least one object herein is therefore to provide bleaching
agents in an applicator form that firstly is easy to use. Secondly,
these bleaching agents should enable uniform and improved
lightening results to be obtained, even on dark hair. The
lightening agents should be applied to a flexible substrate in such
a way that the agents do not detach when the substrate is folded,
rolled or shaped in any other way. Finally these lightening agents
should avoid the need for the laborious subsequent preparation of
additional application mixture or the discarding of surplus
mixture.
[0010] It has now been found that a special applicator in foil form
can advantageously be used for the targeted and selective
application of lightening agents if the applicator is a foil onto
which a nonwoven supporting material has been applied in which a
peroxodisulfate salt has been incorporated.
[0011] This form of foil applicator differs advantageously from the
prior art in that a markedly improved lightening performance can be
achieved. The nonwoven supporting material that is applied allows
the peroxodisulfate salts to be embedded without detaching,
maintaining the flexibility of the foil, and because of its
structure it ensures that liquid penetrates easily into the
supporting material, thus dissolving the bleach booster.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] Therefore firstly provided is a foil applicator for the
selective lightening of keratinic fibers, encompassing [0013] (i) a
leaf-like substrate (A) as the first layer and [0014] (ii) a
cosmetic bleaching preparation (B) containing at least one solid
peroxodisulfate salt applied to the leaf-like substrate (A) as the
second layer, wherein the bleaching preparation (B) is embedded in
a nonwoven supporting material.
[0015] The terms "foil applicator", "highlighting foil" and
"applicator" are used synonymously below.
[0016] The applicator according to an embodiment encompasses a
flexible substrate. The flexible substrate can assume any shape and
consist of any material or any mixture of materials that is
flexible. "Flexible" within the meaning contemplated herein refers
to substrates that in terms of shape and materials are structured
in such a way that they can be shaped by manual force, with
reversible shaping being preferred. The flexible substrates
according to an embodiment are leaf-like or laminar. "Leaf-like" or
"laminar" as used herein means that the spatial extent of the
substrate in one spatial direction is markedly smaller than in the
other two spatial directions, wherein the smallest spatial extent
of the substrate in the context herein is described as the "height"
or "thickness", while the corresponding extent of the substrate in
the two orthogonal spatial directions is described as the "width"
and "length". These spatial directions fix the surface dimensions
of the layer. If the spatial extent of the substrate in the spatial
directions that are orthogonal to the height differs, then in the
context herein the smaller spatial extent is described as the
"width", the larger as the "length".
[0017] In substrates according to an exemplary embodiment the ratio
of width to height is about 10 to about 1 to about 100,000 to about
1, for example about 50 to about 1 to about 50,000 to about 1, such
as about 100 to about 1 to about 1000 to about 1. In one embodiment
leaf-like substrates have the characterizing feature that their
height is about 1 to about 1000 .mu.m, for example about 2.5 to
about 500 .mu.m, such as about 4 to about 250 .mu.m. Length and
width of exemplary leaf-like substrates are in the range of from
about 1 to about 50 cm, for example from about 2 to about 40 cm,
for example from about 3 to 35 cm, such as from about 4 to about 30
cm.
[0018] Another embodiment of the foil applicator has the
characterizing feature that the leaf-like substrate (A) has a
thickness of from about 0.5 .mu.m to about 1 mm, for example of
from about 1 .mu.m to about 0.5 mm, for example from about 1.5
.mu.m to about 0.1 mm, such as from about 20 .mu.m to about 0.1
mm.
[0019] With a view to a stable shaping in the lightening process
and taking account of the fact that the leaf-like substrate (A)
should be able to be wrapped stably around a hair strand with no
further mechanical aids, the use of aluminum foils is particularly
suitable. Laminates in which the individual layers are glued to one
another are suitable in particular.
[0020] In an exemplary embodiment, foil applicators contemplated
herein have the characterizing feature that the leaf-like substrate
(A) is an aluminum foil.
[0021] A cosmetic bleaching preparation (B) that is embedded in a
nonwoven supporting material is applied to the leaf-like
substrate.
[0022] A nonwoven fabric is understood herein to be a static
accumulation of fibers, which depending on the production method
leads to a differently consolidated material. The density of the
fibers of the nonwoven fabric critically determines inter alia the
rate of water ingress and egress into and out of this layer. A
nonwoven fabric whose density ensures good water ingress and egress
is preferred.
[0023] Various materials are suitable as the fiber material of the
nonwoven fabric. For example, natural fibers such as pulp or cotton
fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide,
polypropylene or polyethylene, or bicomponent fibers in which
natural and synthetic materials have been combined, such as for
example pulp in combination with polyethylene, are suitable.
[0024] As the nonwoven supporting materials should be as chemically
inert as possible under the oxidative, conventionally highly
alkaline application conditions of bleaching, fibers having the
corresponding stability are suitable. Nonwoven supporting materials
made from fibers of polypropylene and moreover of polyethylene,
polyesters, viscose, as well as acrylic fibers and polyamide
fibers, are examples of suitable materials. Nonwoven supporting
materials made from fibers of polypropylene are particularly
suitable.
[0025] The fiber materials can be produced by various methods, such
as for instance the known wet-laid, dry-laid, melt-blow, spun-laid
or air-laid technologies. The nonwoven fabric is formed from the
optionally roughened (carded) fibers by consolidation by means of
mechanical needling (needle-punched nonwoven), spunlacing (water
jet consolidation) or spunbonding (thermal, UV or IR consolidation,
optionally involving gluing with certain aqueous dispersions such
as polyacrylates, polyvinyl acetates, polybutadienes, latex and
butadiene-styrene copolymers).
[0026] Such nonwovens are known inter alia from cleaning cloths or
cosmetic cloths but also from other areas such as liquid or gas
filter technology.
[0027] It has proved useful to give the nonwoven supporting
material a hydrophilic finish in order to improve and accelerate
the absorption of water during application, allowing the
peroxodisulfate salts to be used more quickly and more completely.
Finishing within the context herein is understood to mean a
chemical and/or physical change of the supporting material, which
provides it with certain performance characteristics, in the
present case improved water absorption. The supporting materials
are, for example, finished with anionic surfactants. This type of
finishing simultaneously provides a better wetting of the hair by
the ready-to-use preparation.
[0028] As contemplated herein, anionic surfactants have the
characterizing feature of a water-solubilizing anionic group such
as a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group and a
lipophilic alkyl group having approximately 8 to 30 C atoms. The
molecule can additionally contain glycol or polyglycol ether
groups, ester, ether and amide groups and hydroxyl groups. Examples
of such anionic surfactants, in each case in the form of the
sodium, potassium and ammonium and also the mono-, di- and
trialkanolammonium salts having 2 to 4 C atoms in the alkanol
group, are linear and branched fatty acids having 8 to 30 C atoms
(soaps); ether carboxylic acids, in particular of the formula
RO(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xCH.sub.2COOH, in which R is a linear
alkyl group having 8 to 30 C atoms and x=0 or 1 to 16; acyl
sarcosides; acyl taurides; acyl isethionates; sulfosuccinic acid
mono- and dialkyl esters and sulfosuccinic acid monoalkyl
polyoxyethyl esters; linear alkane sulfonates; linear
.alpha.-olefin sulfonates; sulfonates of unsaturated fatty acids;
.alpha.-sulfofatty acid methyl esters of fatty acids; alkyl
sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates, in particular of the formula
RO(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.xSO.sub.3H, in which R denotes a linear
alkyl group having 8 to 30 C atoms and x denotes 0 or a number from
1 to 12; mixtures of surface-active hydroxy sulfonates; sulfated
hydroxyalkyl polyethylene and/or hydroxyalkylene propylene glycol
ethers; esters of tartaric acid and citric acid with alcohols;
alkyl and/or alkenyl ether phosphates of the formula
RO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.xP(=O)(OH)(OR'), in which R denotes an
aliphatic, optionally unsaturated hydrocarbon residue having 8 to
30 carbon atoms, R' denotes hydrogen, a residue
(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.yR, and x and y independently of each other
denote a number from 1 to 10; sulfated fatty acid alkylene glycol
esters of the formula RC(O)O(alkO).sub.nSO.sub.3H, in which R
denotes a linear or branched, aliphatic, saturated and/or
unsaturated alkyl residue having 6 to 22 C atoms, alk denotes
CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 and/or CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)
and n denotes a number from 0.5 to 5; and monoglyceride sulfates
and monoglyceride ether sulfates. Suitable anionic surfactants are
alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and ether carboxylic
acids.
[0029] The foil applicator according to an embodiment has the
characterizing feature that the leaf-like substrate (A) is closely
bonded to the nonwoven supporting material of the second layer
(ii). To that end the nonwoven supporting material is fixed to the
leaf-like substrate before or after loading with the bleaching
preparation (B), by welding or gluing over the entire surface area
or at certain points. Further polymers are optionally used to that
end at the desired contact surfaces or contact points, which
polymers are selected for example from polyacrylates, polyvinyl
acetates, polybutadienes, latex and butadiene-styrene
copolymers.
[0030] Therefore an embodiment herein is a foil applicator having
the characterizing feature that the second layer is fixed to the
leaf-like substrate by gluing and/or welding the supporting
material. A further embodiment is therefore a foil applicator
having the characterizing feature that the second layer is fixed to
the leaf-like substrate by spot welding the supporting
material.
[0031] The entire surface of the leaf-like substrate can be coated
with the layer (ii) encompassing the bleaching preparation (B), or
only certain areas of the substrate can be coated. In one
embodiment, only the center of the leaf-like substrate can be
coated with the bleaching preparation (B) embedded in the nonwoven
supporting material, with for example an uncoated margin of around
0.2 to around 1.5 cm being left on the leaf-like substrate. This
ensures that when the strand is wrapped, no bleaching preparation
is exposed on the outside of the wrap, thus preventing an undesired
lightening of adjacent hair sections.
[0032] The amount and film thickness of the preparation, in
particular the substrate and preparation masses, are also matched
to one another. Highlighting foils as contemplated herein are
suitable in which the bleaching preparation (B) makes up at least
about 10 wt. %, for example at least about 25 wt. %, such as at
least about 50 wt. % of the total weight of the highlighting
foil.
[0033] The loading of the nonwoven supporting material with the
bleaching preparation (B) can be performed by various methods. The
bleaching preparation (B) of the second layer is either scattered
or pressed into the nonwoven supporting material as a powder or
brushed, pressed or rubbed in as a paste or emulsion.
[0034] As the substantial constituent the bleaching preparation (B)
contains a solid peroxodisulfate salt or two or more thereof to
activate and intensify the lightening effect of the
preparation.
[0035] An embodiment herein has the characterizing feature that the
solid peroxodisulfate salt is selected from the group that is
formed from ammonium peroxodisulfate, potassium peroxodisulfate and
sodium peroxodisulfate.
[0036] In an exemplary embodiment, it has furthermore proved
suitable for the bleaching preparation (B) to contain at least two
different peroxodisulfates. Suitable peroxodisulfate salts are
combinations of ammonium peroxodisulfate and potassium
peroxodisulfate and/or sodium peroxodisulfate.
[0037] The bleaching preparations (B) contain solid peroxodisulfate
salts in an amount from about 0.1 to about 80 wt. %, for example
from about 1 to about 60 wt. %, such as from about 2 to about 50
wt. %, relative in each case to the total weight of the bleaching
preparation (B).
[0038] The bleaching agents contemplated herein can contain a
further bleaching strength intensifier in addition to the solid
peroxodisulfate salts.
[0039] Suitable bleaching strength intensifiers are inorganic
peroxo compounds selected from ammonium peroxomonosulfate, alkali
metal peroxomonosulfates, alkali metal peroxodiphosphates and
alkaline-earth metal peroxides. Exemplary bleaching strength
intensifiers are potassium hydrogen peroxomonosulfate, potassium
peroxodiphosphate, magnesium peroxide and barium peroxide.
[0040] Compounds which under perhydrolysis conditions yield
aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having suitably 1 to 10 C atoms,
in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and/or optionally substituted
perbenzoic acid can likewise be used as bleach intensifiers.
Polyacylated alkylene diamines, in particular tetraacetyl ethylene
diamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular
1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated
glycolurils, in particular tetraacetyl glycoluril (TAGU),
N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoyl succinimide (NOSI), acylated
phenol sulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl- or
isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or i-NOBS), carboxylic
anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric
alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and
2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran, are exemplary.
[0041] Carbonate salts or hydrogen carbonate salts can be used
herein as bleach intensifiers of the carbonic acid derivative type.
These are selected, for example, from the group of ammonium, alkali
metal (in particular Na and K) and alkaline-earth metal (in
particular Mg and Ca) carbonate salts or hydrogen carbonate salts.
Particularly suitable carbonate or hydrogen carbonate salts are
ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium hydrogen
carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate,
potassium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate.
These salts can be used as bleach intensifiers alone or in mixtures
of at least two representatives thereof.
[0042] Furthermore, alkyl carbonates, alkyl carbamates, silyl
carbonates and silyl carbamates are suitable bleach intensifiers
for use herein.
[0043] Bleaching strength intensifiers for use herein can
furthermore consist of nitrogen-containing, optionally cationic
heterocyclic compounds. Imidazole can be cited in particular as an
example of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bleaching strength
intensifier. Particularly suitable nitrogen-containing,
heterocyclic bleaching strength intensifiers are the quaternary
cations of pyridines and 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines, such as salts of
4-acetyl-1-methylpyridinium, in particular
4-acetyl-1-methylpyridinium-p-toluenesulfonate, salts of
2-acetyl-1-methylpyridinium, in particular
2-acetyl-1-methylpyridinium-p-toluenesulfonate, and salts of
N-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium, in particular
N-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-p-toluenesulfonate.
[0044] The bleaching strength intensifiers used in addition to the
peroxodisulfate salts are included in the cosmetic bleaching
preparation for example in amounts from about 0.5 to about 30 wt.
%, for example in amounts from about 2 to about 20 wt. %, relative
in each case to the total weight of the bleaching preparation
(B).
[0045] To further increase the lightening capacity at least one
optionally hydrated SiO.sub.2 compound can additionally be added to
the composition as a bleach intensifier. Although even small
amounts of the optionally hydrated SiO.sub.2 compounds increase the
lightening capacity, the optionally hydrated SiO.sub.2 compounds
can be used in amounts from about 0.05 wt. % to about 15 wt. %, for
example in amounts from about 0.15 wt. % to about 10 wt. %, such as
in amounts from about 0.2 wt. % to about 5 wt. %, relative in each
case to the bleaching preparation (B). The specified amounts
indicate the content of SiO.sub.2 compounds (excluding their water
component) in the agents.
[0046] The exemplary embodiments are subject to no restrictions in
principle regarding the optionally hydrated SiO.sub.2 compounds.
Silicas, oligomers and polymers thereof as well as salts thereof
are suitable. Exemplary salts are alkaline-earth metal salts and
alkali metal salts, in particular potassium and sodium salts. In an
exemplary embodiment, sodium salts are used.
[0047] A further embodiment is therefore a foil applicator having
the characterizing feature that the bleaching preparation (B)
additionally contains at least silica, oligomers or polymers
thereof, and/or one of the alkali or alkaline-earth metal salts
thereof.
[0048] The optionally hydrated SiO.sub.2 compounds can be present
in various forms. According to an embodiment, the SiO.sub.2
compounds are used in the form of silica gels or salts thereof,
silicates, for example as water glass.
[0049] Likewise suitable are water glasses formed from a silicate
of the formula (SiO.sub.2).sub.n(Na.sub.2O).sub.m(K.sub.2O).sub.p,
where n denotes a positive rational number and m and p
independently of each other denote a positive rational number or 0,
with the provisos that at least one of the parameters m or p is
different from 0 and that the ratio of n to the sum of m and p is
between 1:4 and 4:1.
[0050] In particular, metasilicates, which are characterized
according to the formula above by a ratio of n to the sum of m and
p of 1 and which can be regarded as chain-like polymeric structures
of the anion [SiO.sub.3].sup.2-, can be used. Sodium metasilicate
of the formula [NaSiO.sub.3] is particularly suitable.
[0051] In addition to the components described by the empirical
formula, the water glasses can also contain small amounts of
further additives, such as phosphates or magnesium salts.
[0052] Water glasses that are suitable are sold inter alia under
the names Ferrosil.RTM. 119, soda water glass 40/42, Portil.RTM. A,
Portil.RTM. AW and Portil.RTM. W and Britesil.RTM. C20.
[0053] The bleaching preparation (B) can moreover additionally
contain a polymer to improve the loading onto the supporting
material and in particular to adjust the viscosity of the
ready-to-use lightening agent. Polymers that can be used are
non-ionic polymers, for example vinyl pyrrolidinone/vinyl acrylate
copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidinone or vinyl pyrrolidinone/vinyl
acetate copolymers, zwitterionic and amphoteric polymers, for
example acrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride/acrylate
copolymers, anionic polymers such as for example polyacrylic acids
or crosslinked polyacrylic acids, natural thickening agents or
thickening agents derived from natural thickening agents, such as
agar-agar, guar gum, alginic acid, xanthan gum, gum arabic, karaya
gum, carob seed meal, linseed gums, dextrans, cellulose
derivatives, starch fractions and derivatives, such as amylose,
amylopectin and dextrins, or fully synthetic hydrocolloids, such as
polyvinyl alcohol.
[0054] It has been found that water-soluble polymers can be used to
particular advantage here. Such bleaching preparations are detached
from the supporting material particularly well in the wrapped hair
strands and can thus be distributed particularly well between the
hair fibers. This leads to a uniform lightening result. Polymers
that are particularly suitable for use herein are therefore
cellulose, cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl
cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyelectrolytes such as
alginic acid, xanthan gum, gum arabic, or modified, natural
thickening agents such as reaction products of guar gum with
chloroacetic acid, with ethylene oxide or with propylene oxide, or
polyvinyl alcohol.
[0055] The decolorization of hair, in particular hair of a dark
initial color, can lead to undesired color shifts. This is because
the natural hair color is determined by melanins in the cortex of
the hair fiber, the ratio between the two pigment classes,
eumelanins with brownish-black tones and pheomelanins with
reddish-orange tones, determining the actual hair color. In the
bleaching process the natural melanin dyes are destroyed by
oxidative action, resulting in a decolorization of the fibers.
However, owing to the differing oxidative decomposition rates of
the different melanin pigment classes, hair is not decolorized
uniformly. In darker fibers with a high melanin content a certain
proportion of dyes usually remains, which is frequently reflected
in yellowish to reddish shades. Therefore the bleaching of darker
hair in particular leads to a color shift towards warmer
shades.
[0056] Such color shifts towards warmer shades are generally
undesirable to the user. Therefore this color shift is usually
counteracted by shading with the corresponding complementary color
in accordance with color theory. The goal is for the bleaching
result to give a silvery-cool impression. The person skilled in the
art refers to matting in this context. Depending on the initial
hair color, a customized mix of tinting agents is used in order to
balance out more reddish color shifts with greenish tinting agents
or more yellowish color shifts with somewhat violet tinting
agents.
[0057] Suitable tinting agents are in particular substantive dyes,
in particular ones that are sufficiently stable under the oxidative
and highly alkaline conditions of bleaching.
[0058] In a further embodiment the bleaching preparation (B)
therefore additionally contains a combination of a blue substantive
dye and a red substantive dye, wherein the weight ratio between the
sum of all blue substantive dyes and the sum of all red substantive
dyes has a value greater than or equal to 1. In this way it is
possible to avoid undesired color shifts towards pink or
rose-colored shades.
[0059] Exemplary agents for use herein therefore have the
characterizing feature that the total weight of all blue
substantive dyes is greater than the total weight of all red
substantive dyes. Exemplary agents therefore have the
characterizing feature that the weight ratio between the sum of all
blue substantive dyes and the sum of all red substantive dyes has a
value from 1 to 100, for example from about 1.5 to about 10, such
as from about 2 to about 4.
[0060] In principle there are no limits to the choice of
substantive dyes. Substantive dyes are conventionally divided into
anionic, cationic and non-ionic substantive dyes. Substantive dyes
that can be used herein are nitrophenylene diamines,
nitroaminophenols, azo dyes, anthraquinones or indophenols, if
these substantive dyes have an adequate resistance to the harsh
conditions of the bleaching process.
[0061] The bleaching preparation (B) in an embodiment contains as a
blue substantive dye an anionic substantive dye, selected in
particular from compounds with the name bromophenol blue or
tetrabromophenol blue.
[0062] The bleaching preparation (B) in an embodiment contains as a
red substantive dye an anionic substantive dye, for example from
the group of fluorescein dyes. Suitable red substantive dyes are
known under the names Acid Red 92, Acid Red 98, Acid Red 94, Acid
Red 87 and Acid Red 51. Acid Red 92 (also D&C RED No. 28 or
Phloxin B) is particularly suitable.
[0063] Dye combinations that are suitable for use for matting in
the bleaching preparation (B) are those containing at least the
combination of tetrabromophenol blue and Acid Red 92,
tetrabromophenol blue and Acid Red 98, tetrabromophenol blue and
Acid Red 94, tetrabromophenol blue and Acid Red 87 or
tetrabromophenol blue and Acid Red 51.
[0064] To increase the stability of the bleaching preparation and
to avoid a premature reaction to water, it is convenient for the
bleaching preparation (B) embedded in the nonwoven supporting
material to be anhydrous.
[0065] Anhydrous as used herein means that the bleaching
preparation has a water content of less than about 5.0 wt. %, for
example less than about 1.0 wt. %, for example less than about 0.1
wt. %, such as less than about 0.05 wt. %, relative in each case to
the total weight of the bleaching preparation.
[0066] The anhydrous bleaching preparation (B) that is applied to
the leaf-like substrate embedded in the nonwoven supporting
material can be in a solid, semi-solid, liquid, disperse,
emulsified, suspended or gel form. In one embodiment the bleaching
preparation is in solid form.
[0067] The bleaching preparation can contain further auxiliary
substances, active ingredients and additives. These include in
particular, where chemically possible, waxes and oils that allow a
dedusting of the preparation and optionally a simplified
application on or embedding in the supporting material.
[0068] Suitable waxes and oils are in particular esters of mono- or
polycarboxylic acids with a total carbon number from 18 to 57
carbon atoms and in particular mineral oils, such as paraffin
oil.
[0069] It has furthermore proved advantageous for the bleaching
agent preparations to contain a stabilizer or complexing agent.
Exemplary stabilizers are phenacetin, alkali benzoates (sodium
benzoate) and salicylic acid.
[0070] Also suitable is the use of complexing agents. Complexing
agents are substances that are capable of complexing metal ions.
Exemplary complexing agents are chelating agents, which form bonds
with a metal ion via multiple coordination sites.
[0071] All complexing agents of the prior art can be used in the
context herein. Exemplary complexing agents are nitrogen-containing
polycarboxylic acids, in particular EDTA, and phosphonates,
suitably hydroxyalkane or aminoalkane phosphonates, such as
1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) or the disodium or
tetrasodium salt thereof and/or ethylenediamine tetramethylene
phosphonate (EDTMP) or the hexasodium salt thereof and/or
diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) or the
heptasodium or octasodium salt thereof.
[0072] Lightening agents for keratinic fibers have the
characterizing feature of having an alkaline pH. A further
embodiment consists in that the ready-to-use agent has a pH in the
range of from about 7.0 to about 12.0, for example from about 8.0
to about 11.0. The pH values contemplated herein are pH values
measured at a temperature of about 22.degree. C. Acidifying and
alkalizing agents commonly used in cosmetics are familiar to the
person skilled in the art for adjusting the pH. The alkalizing
agents that can be used for adjusting the pH are typically chosen
from inorganic salts, in particular alkali and alkaline-earth
metals, organic alkalizing agents, in particular amines, basic
amino acids and alkanol amines, and ammonia. Exemplary acidifying
agents are food acids, such as for example citric acid, acetic
acid, malic acid or tartaric acid, as well as dilute mineral
acids.
[0073] It has however been found that in one embodiment bleaching
preparations (B) that are suitable for use herein have the
characterizing feature that they additionally contain an inorganic,
solid alkalizing agent. This alkalizing agent at least partially
dissolves on contact with water on the hair strand and thus
establishes the alkaline pH required for bleaching processes. The
inorganic alkalizing agent for example is selected from the group
formed from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium
hydroxide, barium hydroxide, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate,
sodium silicate, potassium silicate, sodium carbonate and potassium
carbonate. The compositions for example contain the alkalizing
agents in amounts from about 0.2 to about 25 wt. %, such as from
about 0.5 to about 10 wt. %.
[0074] To ensure that the foil applicator is easy to handle and
that the bleaching preparation is rapidly released or dissolved, in
an embodiment the second layer containing the bleaching preparation
(B) is not embedded in the nonwoven supporting material too great a
thickness. Suitable film thicknesses are for example from about 5
to about 200 .mu.m.
[0075] An embodiment therefore has the characterizing feature that
the cosmetic bleaching preparation (B) has a film thickness from
about 5 .mu.m to about 200 .mu.m, for example from about 10 .mu.m
to about 150 .mu.m, for example from about 15 .mu.m to about 120
.mu.m, such as from about 20 .mu.m to about 100 .mu.m.
[0076] After mixing the bleaching preparation (B) with an aqueous
oxidizing agent preparation (OX), the ready-to-use lightening
agents are applied by being brought into contact with the strand to
be treated. The aqueous oxidizing agent preparation (OX) in an
embodiment contains hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent.
[0077] To that end an aqueous oxidizing agent preparation (OX) is
added to the bleaching preparation of the foil applicator either
immediately before the hair strand to be lightened is separated or
after separation, along with the hair strand to be lightened. This
is done either by spraying using conventional spray bottles or by
spreading with the aid of an applicator or brush. Through the
penetration of water into the water-permeable supporting material
of the second applicator layer the bleaching preparation (B) is
dissolved and together with the oxidizing agent preparation (OX)
forms the ready-to-use lightening agent. The strand to be treated
is then wrapped in the applicator foil, wherein the outside of the
wrap is formed completely from the leaf-like substrate so that
adjacent hair sections do not come into contact with the bleaching
preparation. After the desired contact period the foil applicator
is removed and the treated hair section is rinsed thoroughly.
[0078] The oxidizing agent preparation (OX) contains at least
hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent in a cosmetic carrier.
Hydrogen peroxide itself is in an embodiment used as an aqueous
solution. Hydrogen peroxide can however also be used in the form of
a solid addition compound of hydrogen peroxide with inorganic or
organic compounds, such as sodium percarbamide, polyvinyl
pyrrolidinone n H.sub.2O.sub.2 (n is a positive integer greater
than 0), urea peroxide and melamine peroxide.
[0079] Hydrogen peroxide is for example contained in the
ready-to-use agent in an amount from about 0.1 to about 25 wt. %,
for example from about 1 to about 20 wt. %, such as from about 4.5
to about 9 wt. %, calculated in each case against 100% hydrogen
peroxide and relative to the total weight of the ready-to-use
agent.
[0080] The cosmetic carrier of the oxidizing agent preparation (OX)
is aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic. For the purposes of
hair bleaching such carriers are for example creams, emulsions,
gels or surfactant-containing foaming solutions, such as for
example shampoos, foam aerosols or other preparations which are
suitable for use on the hair. An aqueous carrier contains at least
about 40 wt. %, for example at least about 50 wt. %, of water. As
contemplated herein, aqueous-alcoholic carriers are understood to
be hydrous compositions containing about 3 to about 70 wt. % of a
C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alcohol, in particular ethanol or isopropanol.
The agents herein can additionally contain further organic
solvents.
[0081] In another embodiment, one or more of the complexing agents
described above in the oxidizing agent preparation (OX) are used to
stabilize the hydrogen peroxide.
[0082] Oxidizing agent preparations contemplated herein are for
examle aqueous, free-flowing preparations. The agents can contain
surface-active substances selected from anionic and non-ionic,
zwitterionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants.
[0083] Non-ionic surfactants and emulsifiers contain as a
hydrophilic group a polyol group, a polyalkylene glycol ether group
or a combination of a polyol and polyglycol ether group, for
example. Suitable compounds are in particular addition products of
1 to 50 mol of ethylene oxide and/or 0 to 5 mol of propylene oxide
with linear and branched fatty alcohols having 8 to 30 C atoms,
with fatty acids having 8 to 30 C atoms and with alkyl phenols
having 8 to 15 C atoms in the alkyl group and alkyl polyglycosides
corresponding to the general formula RO--(Z), in which R denotes
alkyl, Z sugar and x the number of sugar units.
[0084] Examples of zwitterionic surfactants are betaines. A
suitable zwitterionic surfactant is the fatty acid amide derivative
known under the INCI name Cocamidopropyl Betaine. Amphoteric
surfactants that are suitable for use herein are N-alkyl glycines,
N-alkyl propionic acids, N-alkyl aminobutyric acids, N-alkyl
iminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkyl amidopropyl
glycines, N-alkyl taurines, N-alkyl sarcosines, 2-alkyl
aminopropionic acids and alkyl aminoacetic acids. Amphoteric
surfactants by way of example are N-cocoalkyl aminopropionate,
cocoacylaminoethyl aminopropionate and C.sub.12-C.sub.18 acyl
sarcosine. Cationic surfactants of the quaternary ammonium
compound, esterquat and amidoamine type are suitable for use in
ready-to-use agents. Exemplary quaternary ammonium compounds are
ammonium halides, such as alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides,
dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides and trialkylmethylammonium
chlorides, as well as the imidazolium compounds known under the
INCI names Quaternium-27 and Quaternium-83.
[0085] In an embodiment anionic, non-ionic, zwitterionic and/or
amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof can be used.
[0086] The oxidizing agent preparation (OX) can contain further
active ingredients, auxiliary substances and additives. Further
active ingredients, auxiliary substances and additives that can be
used are for example anionic polymers (such as carbomers,
copolymers and cross-polymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid,
maleic acid, itaconic acid and optionally further non-ionic
monomers); non-ionic polymers (such as vinyl pyrrolidinone/vinyl
acrylate copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidinone and vinyl
pyrrolidinone/vinyl acetate copolymers and polysiloxanes);
zwitterionic and amphoteric polymers (such as acrylamidopropyl
trimethylammonium chloride/acrylate copolymers and
octylacrylamide/methyl methacrylate/tert-butylaminoethyl
methacrylate/2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers); thickening
agents (such as agar-agar, guar gum, alginates, xanthan gum, gum
arabic, karaya gum, carob seed meal, linseed gums, dextrans,
cellulose derivatives, e.g. methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl
cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose, starch fractions and
derivatives such as amylose, amylopectin and dextrins, clays such
as bentonite or fully synthetic hydrocolloids such as for example
polyvinyl alcohol); texturizing agents (such as sugars, maleic acid
and lactic acid) and consistency modifiers (such as sugar esters,
polyol esters or polyol alkyl ethers); protein hydrolysates (in
particular elastin, collagen, keratin, milk protein, soy protein
and wheat protein hydrolysates, condensation products thereof with
fatty acids); perfume oils; conditioning oils; cyclodextrins;
defoaming agents such as silicones; dyes and pigments to color the
agent; light stabilizers (in particular derivatized benzophenones,
cinnamic acid derivatives and triazines); further fats and waxes
(such as fatty alcohols, beeswax, montan wax and paraffins);
swelling and penetrating substances (such as glycerol, propylene
glycol monoethyl ethers, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates,
guanidines, ureas and primary, secondary and tertiary phosphates);
opacifiers (such as latex, styrene/PVP and styrene/acrylamide
copolymers); pearlescent agents (such as ethylene glycol mono- and
distearate and PEG-3 distearate); propellants (such as
propane-butane mixtures, N.sub.2O, dimethyl ether, CO.sub.2 and
air) and antioxidants.
[0087] The person skilled in the art will select these further
substances in accordance with the desired properties of the agents.
With regard to further optional components and to the amounts of
these components used, reference is expressly made to the relevant
manuals known to the person skilled in the art, for example Kh.
Schrader, Grundlagen and Rezepturen der Kosmetika, 2.sup.nd
Edition, Huthig Buch Verlag, Heidelberg, 1989.
[0088] In addition to the possibility of applying hydrogen peroxide
to the foil applicator via the oxidizing agent preparation (OX) and
thus providing the ready-to-use lightening agent with the bleaching
preparation (B), there is also the possibility of placing hydrogen
peroxide in solid form on the foil applicator and generating the
ready-to-use lightening agent by bringing it into contact with
water or an aqueous preparation. Hydrogen peroxide in solid form is
understood herein to mean addition products of hydrogen peroxide
with solid compounds.
[0089] Hydrogen peroxide can form addition products with many
inorganic and organic compounds. They include addition products
with urea (ure.alpha.-hydrogen peroxide addition compound, UHP,
hydroperite, perhydrol urea, hydrogen peroxide-carbamide,
percarbamide), melamine (melamine peroxide) and polyvinyl
pyrrolidinone (PVP-n H.sub.2O.sub.2) as well as percarbonates, in
particular sodium percarbonate and magnesium percarbonate, and
perborates, in particular sodium perborate.
[0090] It has been found that for stability reasons it is
convenient to physically separate the bleaching preparation (B)
from the hydrogen peroxide addition products to begin with, as even
slight traces of moisture can lead to instabilities and undesired
decompositions. Therefore, in an embodiment, the foil applicator is
covered with a further layer encompassing a solid oxidizing agent
preparation (OX1). To separate the bleaching preparation (B) it is
particularly advantageous to incorporate an additional interlayer
between the oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) and the bleaching
preparation (B) that allows a physical separation of the two
preparations and thus prevents direct contact between the solid
preparations. On the other hand it is suitable for the interlayer
to be water-permeable so that the ready-to-use lightening agent is
formed following the addition of water or an aqueous preparation
comprising the bleaching preparation (B) and the solid oxidizing
agent preparation (OX1).
[0091] A further embodiment herein is therefore a foil applicator
in the form of a multilayer applicator that has the characterizing
feature that the applicator additionally contains [0092] (iii) a
water-permeable barrier layer applied to layer (ii) and [0093] (iv)
a solid oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) containing as oxidizing
agent a solid addition product of hydrogen peroxide with organic or
inorganic compounds, applied to the barrier layer (iii).
[0094] The solid oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) of layer (iv)
contains a solid addition product of hydrogen peroxide with organic
or inorganic compounds. Hydrogen peroxide can form addition
products with many inorganic and organic compounds. They include
addition products with urea (ure.alpha.-hydrogen peroxide addition
compound, UHP, hydroperite, perhydrol urea, hydrogen
peroxide-carbamide, percarbamide), melamine (melamine peroxide) and
polyvinyl pyrrolidinone (PVP-n H.sub.2O.sub.2) as well as
percarbonates, in particular sodium percarbonate and magnesium
percarbonate, and perborates, in particular sodium perborate.
[0095] In an embodiment the oxidizing agent preparation (OX1)
contains a solid addition product of hydrogen peroxide with organic
or inorganic compounds, which is selected from addition products
with urea, melamine and polyvinyl pyrrolidinone.
[0096] The oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) contains the solid
addition product of hydrogen peroxide with organic or inorganic
compounds in an amount from about 0.1 to about 60 wt. %, for
example from about 1 to about 50 wt. %, such as from about 2 to
about 30 wt. %, calculated in each case as 100% H.sub.2O.sub.2 and
relative to the total weight of the solid oxidizing agent
preparation (OX1).
[0097] In an embodiment the solid oxidizing agent preparation (OX1)
is also embedded in a nonwoven supporting material. In principle
the nonwoven supporting materials used can be the same as the
nonwoven supporting materials of the second layer (ii) described
above. Supporting materials that are inert in respect of the
oxidative environment of the ready-to-use lightening preparation
are likewise suitable here. Nonwoven supporting materials made from
polypropylene are suitable in particular.
[0098] The supporting materials are likewise given a hydrophilic
finish to encourage the penetration and storage of water in this
layer (iv). This accelerates the dissolution of the solid oxidizing
agents, simplifies thorough mixing and thus shortens the contact
period and improves wetting of the hair to be treated.
[0099] In addition to the oxidizing agent itself, the solid
oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) can also contain further
constituents, such as solid constituents. Such further active
ingredients, auxiliary substances and additives that can be used
herein are the substances described above, such as for example
further interfacially active compounds, complexing agents, anionic,
cationic or non-ionic, natural or synthetic thickening agents,
texturizing agents and consistency modifiers, conditioning
substances such as protein hydrolysates, conditioning oils; further
fats and waxes; swelling and penetrating substances; opacifiers and
pearlescent agents.
[0100] Layer (iv) encompassing the oxidizing agent preparation
(OX1) for example has the same dimensions in terms of length and
width as layer (ii). In order to adjust the proportions of each
preparation to one another, it is suitable to achieve this
adjustment through different film thicknesses.
[0101] An embodiment herein has the characterizing feature that the
solid oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) of layer (iv) has a film
thickness from about 5 .mu.m to about 200 .mu.m, for example from
about 10 .mu.m to about 150 .mu.m, for example from about 15 .mu.m
to about 120 .mu.m, such as from about 20 .mu.m to about 100
.mu.m.
[0102] To separate the bleaching preparation (B) and the solid
oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) the foil applicator
advantageously contains an interlayer or barrier layer (iii). This
barrier layer is sandwiched between layers (ii) and (iv). It has at
least the surface dimensions of layer (ii).
[0103] Layers (ii), (iii) and (iv) for example each have the same
length and width and lie on top of one another with no lateral
overlapping.
[0104] The interlayer (iii) is water-permeable, so when layer (iv)
is wetted and the bleaching preparation is dissolved, a penetration
of water into the bleaching preparation of layer (ii) is allowed.
At the same time the interlayer should prevent a premature reaction
between the constituents of layers (ii) and (iv) by direct contact,
in particular in the presence of atmospheric moisture.
[0105] To this end the interlayer can have a lattice-like or woven
structure or alternatively a nonwoven structure, with in each case
suitable pores or openings that allow the passage of water and
aqueous preparations. The water permeability can be influenced by
the weave, the yarn density and/or the weight per unit area.
Suitable materials for the interlayer are inter alia cellulose,
viscose, pulp, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate,
polypropylene, polyester, polylactate and mixtures thereof.
Preferred materials for such an interlayer (iii) are
polypropylene.
[0106] A further embodiment of a water-permeable interlayer (iii)
consists of producing the interlayer (iii) from a water-soluble
compound. Polymers that are swellable, erodible and/or soluble in
water are suitable in particular. The term "soluble in water"
should be understood to mean that a complete hydration takes place
and a solution forms. The term "swellable in water" should be
understood to mean that on contact with water, water molecules
penetrate into the layer, leading to changes in volume and shape
and possibly forming a gel. The term "erodible in water" means that
the interlayer disintegrates on contact with water. This results in
smaller fragments, which can be further eroded with water or washed
away. Complete solubility in water is not necessary for
erodibility, however. In this embodiment the interlayer (iii) is in
film form. Exemplary materials for the interlayer (iii) are
cellulose, inulins, cellulose derivatives, in particular
hydroxyalkyl celluloses and carboxyalkyl celluloses, and polyvinyl
alcohols and polyvinyl acetate-polyvinyl alcohol copolymers.
[0107] An embodiment herein has the characterizing feature that the
water-permeable interlayer (iii) has a film thickness from about
0.1 .mu.m to about 100 .mu.m, for example from about 0.5 .mu.m to
about 50 .mu.m, such as from about 1 .mu.m to about 50 .mu.m.
[0108] The interlayer (iii) and the oxidizing agent preparation
layer (iv) are closely bonded to the bleaching preparation layer
(ii), for example by gluing and/or welding, such as by spot
welding.
[0109] To prevent premature reactions of the exposed layer of the
foil applicator with moisture, in particular atmospheric moisture,
during storage, it is advantageous to cover this layer with a
water-impermeable foil.
[0110] A further embodiment is therefore a foil applicator of the
first subject-matter, which has the characterizing feature that the
applicator encompasses as an additional layer (v) a peelable,
water-impermeable foil by means of which the uncovered surface of
the bleaching preparation layer (ii) or of the oxidizing agent
preparation layer (iv) that is exposed to the air is completely
covered.
[0111] In another embodiment layer (v) as the peelable foil has the
same surface dimensions as the leaf-like substrate of layer (i).
The water-impermeable foil of layer (v) is bonded to the uncoated
margin of the leaf-like substrate by welding. The welded bond
should be structured such that the foil of layer (v) can be
manually peeled away from layer (i) without great effort and
without detaching the further active ingredient layer or layers.
This can be achieved by means of the surface finish of the layers
and by welding and is known to the person skilled in the art.
[0112] Polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate
as well as polylactide (polylactic acid) are suitable in particular
as water-impermeable foil materials for layer (v).
[0113] The foil (v) for example has a film thickness from about
0.01 .mu.m to about 20 .mu.m, such as from about 0.05 .mu.m to
about 5 .mu.m.
[0114] The water-impermeable foil is peeled off manually
immediately before use, thus exposing the reactive bleaching
preparation and/or oxidizing agent preparation of the foil
applicator.
[0115] The foil applicators are used for the selective lightening
and bleaching of keratinic fibers.
[0116] Another embodiment also provides a method for lightening
keratinic fibers, which has the characterizing feature that a foil
applicator consisting of at least two layers encompassing [0117]
(i) a leaf-like substrate as the first layer and [0118] (ii) a
bleaching preparation (B) containing a solid peroxodisulfate salt
and embedded in a nonwoven supporting material applied to the
leaf-like substrate as the second layer, is treated on the side of
the bleaching preparation with an oxidizing agent preparation (OX)
containing in a cosmetic carrier at least hydrogen peroxide,
immediately after which at least one bundle of keratinic fibers is
laid on the foil applicator prepared in this way and wrapped in the
foil applicator, left in the foil applicator for a contact period
of about 10 to about 60 minutes, then the foil is removed and the
bundle of keratinic fibers is rinsed.
[0119] The bundle of keratin-containing fibers to be treated is for
example a bundle or strand of human hair that has been selected and
separated from the remaining head hair. Prior to treatment the
bundle of keratin-containing fibers to be treated is separated from
the other fibers using a comb or another suitable aid.
[0120] Depending on the size of the foil applicator, two or more
bundles of hair can also be wrapped, wound or packed simultaneously
into a foil applicator. Certain sections of the hair bundle only,
such as the tips, partial lengths, or the entire hair fiber lengths
up to where they join the scalp can be wrapped.
[0121] If the foil applicator encompasses a protective layer in the
form of a peelable, water-impermeable layer (v), this is removed
immediately before use. The wrapping, winding or packing of the
fiber bundle takes place in such a way that the leaf-like substrate
(A) of layer (i) forms the outside of the pack, while the bleaching
preparation (B) of layer (ii) can come into contact with the
selected fiber bundle.
[0122] The treatment with the oxidizing preparation (OX) takes
place immediately before the fiber bundle is packed into the
applicator. Depending on the viscosity, the oxidizing agent
preparation can be applied with a brush, with a spray bottle or
using an aerosol can in the form of an aerosol or fine mist,
directly onto the foil applicator prior to wrapping or onto the
selected fiber bundle with the not yet wrapped foil applicator
underneath it.
[0123] Depending on the needs and wishes of the user, individual or
multiple different strands distributed throughout the hair can be
wrapped in this way. Localized, cumulated or evenly distributed
reflexes and highlights can be produced on the hair in this way.
Preferably, multiple strands of head hair are wrapped in foil
applicators to achieve uniform lightening results.
[0124] The contact period is about 10 to about 60 minutes, for
example about 30 to about 45 minutes. The contact phase can take
place at room temperature or at elevated temperatures from about 40
to about 45.degree. C. The application temperature is however
suitably room temperature. Depending on the contact period and
temperature, different intensities of lightening results can be
obtained, with higher temperatures and/or longer contact periods
leading to a more intense lightening.
[0125] At the end of the contact period the foil applicators are
removed, the treated fiber bundles are rinsed with water and
optionally treated with commercial shampoos and conditioners.
[0126] All that has been stated in respect of the foil applicators
herein applies with necessary alterations to further embodiments of
the methods herein.
[0127] In the case of multilayer foil applicators encompassing a
solid oxidizing agent preparation (OX1) in addition to the
bleaching preparation (B), activation with water alone is
sufficient. Thirdly provided is a method for lightening keratinic
fibers, which has the characterizing feature that a multilayer foil
applicator encompassing [0128] (i) a leaf-like substrate as the
first layer and [0129] (ii) a bleaching preparation containing a
solid peroxodisulfate salt and embedded in a nonwoven supporting
material applied to the leaf-like substrate as the second layer,
[0130] (iii) a water-permeable barrier layer applied to layer (ii)
and [0131] (iv) a solid oxidizing agent preparation (OX1)
containing as oxidizing agent a solid addition product of hydrogen
peroxide with organic or inorganic compounds, applied to the
barrier layer (iii), is treated with water on the side of the
oxidizing agent preparation (OX1), immediately after which at least
one bundle of keratinic fibers is laid on the foil applicator
prepared in this way and wrapped in the foil applicator, left in
the foil applicator for a contact period of about 10 to about 60
minutes, then the foil is removed and the bundle of keratinic
fibers is rinsed.
[0132] The bleaching preparation and the oxidizing agent
preparation on the foil are wetted with water immediately before
application in order to be used.
[0133] In an alternative application form one or more of the foil
applicators loaded with bleaching preparation and oxidizing agent
preparation can be wrapped around a wet bundle of keratinic fibers
such as for example a wet strand of human hair. It makes no
difference whether the hair strand is separated from the wet hair
and is still sufficiently wetted or whether the hair strand is
isolated from the dry hair and wetted immediately before being
wrapped in the foil applicator. For lightening longer hair in
particular, however, it makes sense to isolate a bundle of
keratinic fibers or a strand from the dry hair, to wet this bundle
or strand thoroughly, and to wrap this bundle wetted in this way in
the foil applicator for lightening. A spray bottle is suitable in
particular for wetting the strand.
[0134] All that has been stated in respect of the preceding
subject-matters herein applies with necessary alterations to
further preferred embodiments of the method herein.
[0135] The use of these foil applicators in combination or in close
succession with further color-changing and shape-changing agents,
such as for example oxidative lightening and/or coloring agents, is
likewise possible and can be used correspondingly by the person
skilled in the art or the user according to his needs and wishes.
Natural, attractive color reflexes and highlights can be obtained
in this way in particular in uniformly colored hair or in a
naturally very homogeneous hair color. Alternatively, strong
contrasts and accents are possible within the hair style with more
intense lightening.
[0136] While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented
in the foregoing detailed description, it should be appreciated
that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be
appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments
are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope,
applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way.
Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those
skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing an
exemplary embodiment, it being understood that various changes may
be made in the function and arrangement of elements described in an
exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope of the
invention as set forth in the appended claims and their legal
equivalents.
* * * * *