U.S. patent application number 13/234244 was filed with the patent office on 2013-03-21 for article of footwear.
This patent application is currently assigned to Nike, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Perry W. Auger, Andrew Caine, Sergio Cavaliere. Invention is credited to Perry W. Auger, Andrew Caine, Sergio Cavaliere.
Application Number | 20130067765 13/234244 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 47190113 |
Filed Date | 2013-03-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130067765 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Auger; Perry W. ; et
al. |
March 21, 2013 |
Article Of Footwear
Abstract
An article of footwear is provided, which may include an upper
and a sole structure. The sole structure may include a chassis
including a forefoot region, a midfoot region, a heel region, a
lateral width, a longitudinal axis, and a reinforcing rib disposed
longitudinally and having a length along the longitudinal axis. The
rib may include a rearward end disposed proximate the heel region
of the chassis, the rib longitudinally extending substantially
through the midfoot region of the chassis to a forward end of the
rib. Also, the lateral width of the reinforcing rib may span a
substantial majority of the lateral width of the chassis over a
substantial majority of the length of the rib. Further, the lateral
width of the rib at the forward end and the rearward end is less
than or equal to the lateral width of the rib at any point between
the rearward end and the forward end.
Inventors: |
Auger; Perry W.; (Tigard,
OR) ; Caine; Andrew; (Portland, OR) ;
Cavaliere; Sergio; (Venezia, IT) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Auger; Perry W.
Caine; Andrew
Cavaliere; Sergio |
Tigard
Portland
Venezia |
OR
OR |
US
US
IT |
|
|
Assignee: |
Nike, Inc.
Beaverton
OR
|
Family ID: |
47190113 |
Appl. No.: |
13/234244 |
Filed: |
September 16, 2011 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
36/31 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B 13/026 20130101;
A43B 5/02 20130101; A43B 7/1445 20130101; A43B 13/141 20130101;
A43B 13/122 20130101; A43B 23/22 20130101; A43B 13/16 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
36/31 |
International
Class: |
A43B 13/14 20060101
A43B013/14 |
Claims
1. An article of footwear, comprising: an upper configured to
receive a foot; and a sole structure fixedly attached to the upper
and including a sole component having a ground-engaging lower
surface, the sole structure further including a chassis configured
to provide support to the sole component, wherein the chassis
includes a forefoot region, a midfoot region, a heel region, a
lateral width, and a reinforcing rib disposed longitudinally and
having a longitudinal length and a lateral width; wherein the
reinforcing rib includes a rearward end disposed proximate the heel
region of the chassis, the reinforcing rib longitudinally extending
substantially through the midfoot region of the chassis to a
forward end of the reinforcing rib; wherein, over a substantial
majority of the length of the reinforcing rib, the lateral width of
the reinforcing rib spans a substantial majority of the lateral
width of the chassis; and wherein the lateral width of the
reinforcing rib at the forward end and the rearward end is less
than or equal to the lateral width of the reinforcing rib at any
point between the rearward end and the forward end.
2. The article of footwear according to claim 1, wherein the
reinforcing rib is a substantially hollow structure including a
longitudinally elongate cavity formed in the chassis.
3. The article of footwear according to claim 2, wherein at least
one location along the longitudinal axis, the reinforcing rib has a
cross-sectional shape that is substantially trapezoidal.
4. The article of footwear according to claim 2, wherein the
reinforcing rib includes reinforcing structure within the
cavity.
5. The article of footwear according to claim 4, wherein the
reinforcing structure includes a plurality of partition members
arranged in a crisscross pattern.
6. The article of footwear according to claim 5, wherein the
reinforcing structure further includes a longitudinally-disposed
central partition member bisecting the partition members arranged
in a crisscross pattern.
7. The article of footwear according to claim 4, wherein top
portions of the reinforcing structure are flush with top portions
of the chassis.
8. The article of footwear according to claim 1, wherein the sole
component includes a plurality of ground-engaging members, wherein
one or more of the ground-engaging members are respectively
associated with one or more chassis projections extending laterally
from a central portion of the chassis.
9. The article of footwear according to claim 8, wherein the sole
structure is configured to allow each of the ground-engaging
members and the chassis projection with which it is associated to
deflect substantially independently from the other ground-engaging
members and associated chassis projections.
10. The article of footwear according to claim 8, wherein the
chassis includes at least one recess on a top surface thereof at a
location above one of the plurality of ground-engaging members.
11. The article of footwear according to claim 10, wherein the at
least one recess is substantially round.
12. The article of footwear according to claim 10, wherein the at
least one recess includes a tapering channel with a triangular
cross-sectional shape disposed above a support member adjacent one
of the plurality of ground-engaging members.
13. An article of footwear, comprising: an upper configured to
receive a foot; and a sole structure fixedly attached to the upper
and including a sole component having a ground-engaging lower
surface, the sole structure further including a chassis configured
to provide support to the sole component, wherein the chassis
includes a forefoot region, a midfoot region, a heel region, a
lateral width, and a central portion extending through at least a
portion of the forefoot region, the midfoot region, and the heel
region, the chassis further including a plurality of chassis
projections extending laterally from the central portion of the
chassis; wherein at least one of the chassis projections is made
from a first material and a second material having a substantially
different level of flexibility than the first material.
14. The article of footwear according to claim 13, wherein the at
least one chassis projection is disposed in the forefoot region at
a location corresponding with the ball of the foot.
15. The article of footwear according to claim 14, wherein the
first material is disposed at a rearward portion of the at least
one chassis projection and the second material is disposed at a
forward portion of the at least one chassis projection and is
substantially more flexible than the first material.
16. The article of footwear according to claim 13, wherein the sole
component includes a plurality of ground-engaging members, wherein
one or more of the ground-engaging members are respectively
associated with one or more of the chassis projections.
17. The article of footwear according to claim 16, wherein the sole
structure is configured to allow each of the ground-engaging
members and the chassis projection with which it is associated to
deflect substantially independently from the other ground-engaging
members and chassis projections respectively associated
therewith.
18. The article of footwear according to claim 16, wherein the
chassis includes at least one recess on a top surface thereof at a
location above one of the plurality of ground-engaging members.
19. The article of footwear according to claim 18, wherein the at
least one recess is substantially round.
20. The article of footwear according to claim 18, wherein the at
least one recess includes a tapering channel with a triangular
cross-sectional shape disposed above a support member adjacent one
of the plurality of ground-engaging members.
21. An article of footwear, comprising: an upper configured to
receive a foot; and a sole structure fixedly attached to the upper
and including a sole component having a ground-engaging lower
surface, the sole structure further including a chassis configured
to provide support to the sole component, wherein the chassis
includes a forefoot region, a midfoot region, a heel region, a
lateral width, and a central portion extending through at least a
portion of the forefoot region, the midfoot region, and the heel
region; the chassis further including a plurality of chassis
projections extending laterally from the central portion of the
chassis; a reinforcing rib disposed longitudinally and having a
longitudinal length and a lateral width; and one or more chassis
projections extending from the central portion of the chassis;
wherein the reinforcing rib includes a rearward end disposed
proximate the heel region of the chassis, the reinforcing rib
longitudinally extending substantially through the midfoot region
of the chassis to a forward end of the reinforcing rib; wherein,
over a substantial majority of the length of the reinforcing rib,
the lateral width of the reinforcing rib spans a substantial
majority of the lateral width of the chassis; wherein the lateral
width of the reinforcing rib at the forward end and the rearward
end is less than or equal to the lateral width of the reinforcing
rib at any point between the rearward end and the forward end; and
wherein a first portion of the chassis is formed of a first
material and a second portion of the chassis is formed of a second
material having a substantially different level of flexibility than
the first material.
22. The article of footwear according to claim 21, wherein the
first portion of the chassis includes the heel region or the
midfoot region and the second portion includes the forefoot region,
and wherein the second material in the second portion is
substantially more flexible than the first material in the first
portion.
23. The article of footwear according to claim 21, wherein the sole
component includes a plurality of ground-engaging members, wherein
one or more of the ground-engaging members are respectively
associated with one or more of the one or more chassis
projections.
24. The article of footwear according to claim 23, wherein the sole
structure is configured to allow each of the ground-engaging
members and the chassis projection with which it is associated to
deflect substantially independently from the other ground-engaging
members and associated chassis projections.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] The present disclosure is directed to an article of footwear
and, more particularly, to an article of footwear having a sole
structure including a chassis having both rigid and flexible
components.
[0002] Conventional articles of athletic footwear include two
primary elements, an upper and a sole structure. The upper provides
a covering for the foot that comfortably receives and securely
positions the foot with respect to the sole structure. The sole
structure is secured to a lower portion of the upper and is
generally positioned between the foot and the ground. In addition
to attenuating ground reaction forces (that is, providing
cushioning) during walking, running, and other ambulatory
activities, the sole structure may influence foot motions (for
example, by resisting pronation), impart stability, and provide
traction, for example. Accordingly, the upper and the sole
structure operate cooperatively to provide a comfortable structure
that is suited for a wide variety of athletic activities.
[0003] The upper is often formed from a plurality of material
elements (for example, textiles, polymer sheets, foam layers,
leather, synthetic leather) that are stitched or adhesively bonded
together to define a void on the interior of the footwear for
comfortably and securely receiving a foot. More particularly, the
upper forms a structure that extends over instep and toe areas of
the foot, along medial and lateral sides of the foot, and around a
heel area of the foot. The upper may also incorporate a lacing
system to adjust fit of the footwear, as well as permit entry and
removal of the foot from the void within the upper. In addition,
the upper may include a tongue that extends under the lacing system
to enhance adjustability and comfort of the footwear, and the upper
may incorporate a heel counter.
[0004] The sole structure generally incorporates multiple layers: a
sockliner, a midsole, and a ground-engaging component. The
sockliner is a thin, compressible member located within the upper
and adjacent to a plantar (that is, lower) surface of the foot to
enhance footwear comfort. The midsole is secured to a lower surface
of the upper and forms a middle layer of the sole structure. Many
midsole configurations are primarily formed from a resilient
polymer foam material, such as polyurethane (PU) or ethyl vinyl
acetate (EVA), that extends throughout the length and width of the
footwear. The midsole may also incorporate plates, moderators,
fluid-filled chambers, and/or other elements that further attenuate
forces, influence the motions of the foot, and/or impart stability,
for example. The ground-engaging component may be fashioned from a
durable and wear-resistant material (for example, rubber) that
includes texturing to improve traction.
[0005] Sole structures have been developed that include reinforcing
plates having a substantially narrow configuration in conjunction
with outsoles also having a similarly narrow configuration.
However, such reinforcing plates have front or rear sections that
flare to a wider shape. These flared configurations can add weight,
and restrict flexibility in the forefoot sections of the shoe.
[0006] The related art lacks provisions for accommodating flexing
of various features of a foot. There is a need for articles that
address the limitations of the related art.
SUMMARY
[0007] In one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to an
article of footwear. The article of footwear may include an upper
configured to receive a foot and a sole structure fixedly attached
to the upper and including a sole component having a
ground-engaging lower surface. The sole structure may further
include a chassis configured to provide support to the sole
component, wherein the chassis includes a forefoot region, a
midfoot region, a heel region, a lateral width, a longitudinal
axis, and a reinforcing rib disposed longitudinally and having a
length along the longitudinal axis. In addition, the reinforcing
rib may include a rearward end disposed proximate the heel region
of the chassis, the reinforcing rib longitudinally extending
substantially through the midfoot region of the chassis to a
forward end of the reinforcing rib. Also, the reinforcing rib may
have a lateral width that spans a substantial majority of the
lateral width of the chassis over a substantial majority of the
length of the reinforcing rib. Further, the lateral width of the
reinforcing rib at the forward end and the rearward end is less
than or equal to the lateral width of the reinforcing rib at any
point between the rearward end and the forward end.
[0008] In another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to an
article of footwear. The article of footwear may include an upper
configured to receive a foot and a sole structure fixedly attached
to the upper and including a sole component having a
ground-engaging lower surface. The sole structure may further
include a chassis configured to provide support to the sole
component, wherein the chassis includes a forefoot region, a
midfoot region, a heel region, a lateral width, a longitudinal
axis, and a central portion extending through at least a portion of
the forefoot region, the midfoot region, and the heel region. The
chassis may further include a plurality of chassis projections
extending laterally from the central portion of the chassis wherein
at least one of the chassis projections is made from a first
material and a second material having a substantially different
level of flexibility than the first material.
[0009] In another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to an
article of footwear. The article of footwear may include an upper
configured to receive a foot; and a sole structure fixedly attached
to the upper and including a sole component having a
ground-engaging lower surface. The sole structure may further
include a chassis configured to provide support to the sole
component, wherein the chassis includes a forefoot region, a
midfoot region, a heel region, a lateral width, and a central
portion extending through at least a portion of the forefoot
region, the midfoot region, and the heel region. The chassis may
further include a plurality of chassis projections extending
laterally from the central portion of the chassis; a reinforcing
rib disposed longitudinally and having a longitudinal length and a
lateral width; and one or more chassis projections extending from
the central portion of the chassis. In addition, the reinforcing
rib may include a rearward end disposed proximate the heel region
of the chassis, the reinforcing rib longitudinally extending
substantially through the midfoot region of the chassis to a
forward end of the reinforcing rib. Further, over a substantial
majority of the length of the reinforcing rib, the lateral width of
the reinforcing rib may span a substantial majority of the lateral
width of the chassis. Also, the lateral width of the reinforcing
rib at the forward end and the rearward end may be less than or
equal to the lateral width of the reinforcing rib at any point
between the rearward end and the forward end. In addition, a first
portion of the chassis may be formed of a first material and a
second portion of the chassis is formed of a second material having
a substantially different level of flexibility than the first
material.
[0010] Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the
current embodiments will be, or will become, apparent to one of
ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following figures
and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional
systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this
description and this summary, be within the scope of the current
embodiments, and be protected by the following claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The current embodiments can be better understood with
reference to the following drawings and description. The components
in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being
placed upon illustrating the principles of the current embodiments.
Moreover, in the figures, like reference numerals designate
corresponding parts throughout the different views.
[0012] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of an
article of footwear;
[0013] FIG. 2A is a schematic top view of an embodiment of a
chassis for an article of footwear;
[0014] FIG. 2B is a schematic bottom view of an embodiment of a
chassis for an article of footwear;
[0015] FIG. 3 is a exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a
sole component-chassis assembly for an article of footwear;
[0016] FIG. 4 is a schematic, lateral side view of an embodiment of
a chassis for an article of footwear;
[0017] FIG. 5 is a perspective cross-sectional cutaway view of the
chassis shown in FIG. 4, taken at line 5-5 in FIG. 4;
[0018] FIG. 6 is a perspective cross-sectional cutaway view of the
chassis shown in FIG. 4, taken at line 6-6 in FIG. 4;
[0019] FIG. 7 is a schematic, lateral side view, illustrating
flexion of an embodiment of a chassis for an article of
footwear;
[0020] FIG. 8 is a partial top view of an embodiment of a chassis
for an article of footwear, illustrating individual flexibility of
chassis projections;
[0021] FIG. 9 is a schematic bottom view of an embodiment of a sole
component-chassis assembly for an article of footwear;
[0022] FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of a sole
component-chassis assembly for an article of footwear;
[0023] FIG. 11 is schematic, lateral side view, illustrating
flexion of an embodiment of a sole component-chassis assembly for
an article of footwear;
[0024] FIG. 12 is a front view of an embodiment of a sole
component-chassis assembly, illustrating flexion of portions of the
assembly;
[0025] FIG. 13 is schematic view of an athlete wearing an
embodiment of an article of footwear incorporating a sole structure
with individually flexible portions; and
[0026] FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of
a sole structure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following discussion and accompanying figures disclose a
sole structure for an article of footwear. Concepts associated with
the footwear disclosed herein may be applied to a variety of
athletic footwear types, including running shoes, baseball shoes,
basketball shoes, cross-training shoes, cycling shoes, football
shoes, golf shoes, tennis shoes, walking shoes, and hiking shoes
and boots, for example. The concepts may also be applied to
footwear types that are generally considered to be non-athletic,
including dress shoes, loafers, sandals, and work boots.
Accordingly, the concepts disclosed herein apply to a wide variety
of footwear types.
[0028] For consistency and convenience, directional adjectives are
employed throughout this detailed description corresponding to the
illustrated embodiments. The term "longitudinal," as used
throughout this detailed description and in the claims, refers to a
direction extending a length of a sole structure. In some cases,
the longitudinal direction may extend from a forefoot portion to a
heel portion of the sole. Also, the term "lateral," as used
throughout this detailed description and in the claims, refers to a
direction extending a width of a sole. In other words, the lateral
direction may extend between a medial side and a lateral side of
footwear 10, with the lateral side of footwear 10 being the surface
that faces away from the other foot, and the medial side being the
surface that faces toward the other foot.
[0029] Furthermore, the term "vertical," as used throughout this
detailed description and in the claims, refers to a direction
generally perpendicular to a lateral and longitudinal direction.
For example, in cases where a sole is planted flat on a ground
surface, the vertical direction may extend from the ground surface
upward. It will be understood that each of these directional
adjectives may be applied to individual components of a sole. In
addition, the terms "upward" and "downward," as used throughout
this detailed description and the claims, refer to modes of
vertical bending and/or deflection. For example, the term "upwards"
refers to the vertical direction heading away from a ground
surface, while the term "downwards" refers to the vertical
direction heading towards the ground surface.
[0030] For purposes of this disclosure, the term fixedly attached
shall refer to two components joined in a manner such that the
components may not be readily separated (for example, without
destroying one or both of the components). Exemplary modalities of
fixed attachment may include joining with permanent adhesive,
rivets, stitches, nails, staples, welding or other thermal bonding,
and/or other joining techniques.
Footwear Structure
[0031] FIG. 1 depicts an embodiment of an article of footwear 10,
which may include a sole structure 12 and an upper 14. For
reference purposes, footwear 10 may be divided into three general
regions: a forefoot region 16, a midfoot region 18, and a heel
region 20. Forefoot region 16 generally includes portions of
footwear 10 corresponding with the toes and the joints connecting
the metatarsals with the phalanges. Midfoot region 18 generally
includes portions of footwear 10 corresponding with an arch area of
the foot. Heel region 20 generally corresponds with rear portions
of the foot, including the calcaneus bone. Regions 16, 18, and 20
are not intended to demarcate precise areas of footwear 10. Rather,
regions 16, 18, and 20 are intended to represent general relative
areas of footwear 10 to aid in the following discussion.
[0032] Since sole structure 12 and upper 14 both span substantially
the entire length of footwear 10, the terms forefoot region 16,
midfoot region 18, and heel region 20 apply not only to footwear 10
in general, but also to sole structure 12 and upper 14, as well as
the individual elements of sole structure 12 and upper 14.
[0033] The disclosed footwear components may be formed of any
suitable materials. In some embodiments, one or more materials
disclosed in Lyden et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,709,954), which is
hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, may be used.
[0034] As shown in FIG. 1, upper 14 may include one or more
material elements (for example, textiles, foam, leather, and
synthetic leather), which may be stitched, adhesively bonded,
molded, or otherwise formed to define an interior void configured
to receive a foot. The material elements may be selected and
arranged to selectively impart properties such as durability,
air-permeability, wear-resistance, flexibility, and comfort. An
ankle opening 22 in heel region 20 provides access to the interior
void. In addition, upper 14 may include a lace 24, which may be
utilized to modify the dimensions of the interior void, thereby
securing the foot within the interior void and facilitating entry
and removal of the foot from the interior void. Lace 24 may extend
through apertures in upper 20, and a tongue portion 26 of upper 14
may extend between the interior void and lace 24. Upper 14 may
alternatively implement any of a variety of other configurations,
materials, and/or closure mechanisms. For example, upper 14 may
include sock-like liners instead of a more traditional tongue;
alternative closure mechanisms, such as hook and loop fasteners
(for example, straps), buckles, clasps, cinches, or any other
arrangement for securing a foot within the void defined by upper
14.
[0035] Sole structure 12 may be fixedly attached to upper 14 (for
example, with adhesive, stitching, welding, and/or other suitable
techniques) and may have a configuration that extends between upper
14 and the ground. Sole structure 12 may include provisions for
attenuating ground reaction forces (that is, cushioning the foot).
In addition, sole structure 12 may be configured to provide
traction, impart stability, and/or limit various foot motions, such
as pronation, supination, and/or other motions. The configuration
of sole structure 12 may vary significantly according to one or
more types of ground surfaces on which sole structure 12 may be
used, for example, natural turf, synthetic turf, dirt, pavement
(for example, asphalt, concrete, and other types of pavement), as
well as indoor surfaces, such as hardwood, synthetic rubber
surfaces, tile, and other indoor surfaces. In addition, the
configuration of sole structure 12 may vary significantly based
according to the type of activity for which footwear 10 is
anticipated to be used (for example, running, walking, soccer,
baseball, basketball, and other activities). Footwear 10 is
depicted in the accompanying figures as a cleated shoe, having a
sole structure suited for natural and/or synthetic turf. Although
footwear 10, as depicted, may be suited for soccer, such a cleated
shoe may be applicable for use in other activities on natural
and/or synthetic turf, such as baseball, football, and other such
activities where traction and grip may be significantly enhanced by
cleat members. However, many of the features of footwear 10
discussed herein may be applicable to other types of footwear,
including non-cleated footwear.
[0036] In some embodiments, sole structure 12 may include multiple
components, which may individually and/or collectively provide
footwear 10 with a number of attributes, such as support, rigidity,
flexibility, stability, cushioning, comfort, reduced weight, and/or
other attributes. In some embodiments, sole structure 12 may
include an insole 26, a midsole 28, a chassis 100, and a sole
component 30, as shown in FIG. 1. In some cases, however, one or
more of these components may be omitted.
[0037] Insole 26 may be disposed in the void defined by upper 14.
Insole 26 may extend through each of regions 16, 18, and 20 and
between the lateral and medial sides of footwear 10. Insole 26 may
be formed of a deformable (for example, compressible) material,
such as polyurethane foams, or other polymer foam materials.
Accordingly, insole 26 may, by virtue of its compressibility,
provide cushioning, and may also conform to the foot in order to
provide comfort, support, and stability.
[0038] In some embodiments, insole 26 may be removable from
footwear 10, for example, for replacement or washing. In other
embodiments, insole 26 may be integrally formed with the footbed of
upper 14. In other embodiments, insole 26 may be fixedly attached
within footwear 10, for example, via permanent adhesive, welding,
stitching, and/or another suitable technique.
[0039] In some embodiments of footwear 10, upper 14 may surround
insole 26, including on an underside thereof. In other embodiments,
upper 14 may not extend fully beneath insole 26, and thus, in such
embodiments, insole 26 may rest atop midsole 28 (or atop chassis
100 in embodiments that do not include a midsole).
[0040] As noted above, footwear 10 is depicted in FIG. 1 as a
soccer shoe. Although soccer shoes often do not include a midsole,
since many features of footwear 10 may be applicable to shoes that
do include a midsole (including soccer shoes as well as shoes for
other activities), the general location of midsole 28 has been
depicted in FIG. 1 as it may be incorporated into any of a variety
of types of footwear (including soccer shoes if they do include
midsoles). Midsole 28 may be fixedly attached to a lower area of
upper 14 (for example, through stitching, adhesive bonding, thermal
bonding (for example, welding), and/or other techniques), or may be
integral with upper 14. Midsole 28 may extend through each of
regions 16, 18, and 20 and between the lateral and medial sides of
footwear 10. In some embodiments, portions of midsole 28 may be
exposed around the periphery of footwear 10. In other embodiments,
midsole 28 may be completely covered by other elements, such as
material layers from upper 14. Midsole 28 may be formed from any
suitable material having the properties described above, according
to the activity for which footwear 10 is intended. In some
embodiments, midsole 28 may include a foamed polymer material, such
as polyurethane (PU), ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA), or any other
suitable material that operates to attenuate ground reaction forces
as sole structure 12 contacts the ground during walking, running,
or other ambulatory activities.
[0041] In some embodiments, a footwear sole structure may include
structural elements that provide stiffness, support, and/or
strength. In addition, structural features may be included that
distribute ground reaction forces and/or increase performance
during engagement with ground surface irregularities. Structural
elements that provide the foregoing properties may include one or
more plate-like chassis components disposed within a sole
structure. The chassis may be configured with various geometries in
order to achieve certain attributes, such as those discussed above.
Such attributes may also be achieved by selection of materials for
the various components and regions of the sole structure that
provide desired performance characteristics.
[0042] FIG. 2A is a top view and FIG. 2B is a bottom view of an
exemplary embodiment of chassis 100. For purposes of illustration,
chassis 100 is shown in isolation in FIGS. 2A and 2B. In some
embodiments, however, chassis 100 could be associated with sole
component 30 (see, e.g., FIGS. 3, 9, and 10), midsole 28, and/or
upper 14 of footwear 10. A left foot version of chassis 100 is
shown in FIGS. 2-6, however, it should be understood that the
presently disclosed features of chassis 100 may be equally
applicable to a mirror image of chassis 100 that is intended for
use with a right foot.
[0043] As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, chassis 100 may be a plate-like
structure configured to provide support, strength, stiffness,
stability, and other structural properties to sole component 30.
Chassis 100 may include a lateral side 102 and a medial side 104.
As shown in FIG. 2A, lateral side 102 and medial side 104 may be
opposing sides of chassis 100. In addition, chassis 100 may include
a top surface 106 and a longitudinal axis 108. As shown in FIG. 2B,
chassis 100 may include a bottom surface 109. Additional details of
chassis 100 and other components of footwear 10 are discussed in
greater detail below.
Reinforcing Rib
[0044] In some embodiments, the sole structure according to the
disclosed embodiments may include features configured to provide
rigidity, strength, and/or support to various aspects of the sole
structure without substantially adding weight. For example, some
exemplary sole structure embodiments may include a plate-like
chassis having features configured to provide increased stiffness.
The chassis may be configured to provide support to a
ground-engaging sole component fixedly attached to the chassis. The
chassis may include certain features that provide resistance to
vertical bending, lateral bending, and/or torsion. In some
embodiments, a reinforcing rib may be provided longitudinally along
the chassis. In some embodiments, the reinforcing rib may include a
hollow structure, and thus, may provide rigidity without adding
substantial amounts of extra material, and therefore maintains a
low weight.
[0045] As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, chassis 100 may include a
reinforcing rib 110 disposed longitudinally and having a length
along longitudinal axis 108. Rib 110 may have a rearward end 112,
which may be disposed proximate heel region 20 of chassis 100, a
central portion 113, and a forward end 114, which may be disposed
proximate midfoot region 18, forefoot region 16, or near a
transition between midfoot region 18 and forefoot region 16. Thus,
rib 110 may longitudinally extend substantially through midfoot
region 18 of chassis 100, to a forward end 114 of rib 110 and, in
some embodiments, rib 110 may extend into forefoot region 16.
[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in the accompanying figures,
the lateral width of rib 110 may span a substantial majority of the
lateral width of chassis 100 over a substantial majority of the
length of rib 110. In addition, in some embodiments, the lateral
width of rib 110 at forward end 114 and rearward end 112 is less
than or equal to the lateral width of rib 110 at any point between
rearward end 112 and forward end 114.
[0047] According to some embodiments, an exemplary reinforcing rib
may include, not only features that provide support and stiffness
(e.g., resistance to bending and torsion), but also features that
provide gradual transition between stiffened portions of the
chassis and portions of the chassis that are desired to remain
flexible. For example, in some embodiments, certain aspects of the
rib may taper in size in one or more dimensions.
[0048] In some embodiments, rib 110, may have a lateral width that
tapers toward rearward end 112 and/or forward end 114, as shown in
FIGS. 2A and 2B. This tapering may provide for a more gradual
transition between the rigidity provided by rib 110 and the greater
flexibility of the portions of chassis 100 through which rib 110
does not extend. Similarly, as discussed in greater detail below
with respect to FIG. 4, the vertical height of rib 110 may taper
toward rearward end 112 and forward end 114. As shown in FIGS. 2A
and 2B, the lateral width of rib 110 may taper completely. For
example, either or both of rearward end 112 and forward end 114 may
terminate with a rounded shape, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
Alternatively, rearward and/or forward ends 112, 114 may terminate
with a more linear taper (e.g., coming to a point). As yet another
alternative, rearward and/or forward ends 112, 114 may terminate
with a partial taper.
[0049] In some embodiments, rib 110 may be a substantially hollow
structure including a longitudinally elongate cavity 116 formed in
chassis 100. In addition, rib 110 may include reinforcing structure
within cavity 116. In some embodiments, the reinforcing structure
may include a plurality of partition members 118, which may provide
cross-bracing support. As shown in FIG. 2A, the reinforcing
structure may include a plurality of partition members 120 arranged
in a crisscross pattern. In addition, in some embodiments, the
reinforcing structure may further include a central partition
member 122 arranged longitudinally and bisecting partition members
120 that are arranged in a crisscross pattern. Partition members
118 may provide not only added resistance to bending forces, but
also significant resistance to torsional forces.
[0050] In some embodiments, partition members 118 may be formed
simultaneously with other portions of chassis 100 (for example in
the same injection molding process). In other embodiments,
partition members 118 may be injection molded into cavity 116 in a
preformed chassis plate. In still other embodiments, partition
members 118 may be formed separately and bonded into cavity 116. In
such embodiments, partition members 118 may be separately injection
molded. In other such embodiments, partition members 118 may be
formed by other processes, such as carbon-fiber layup and curing,
to form a preformed structure, which may be bonded into cavity 116
or fastened within cavity 116 using an alternative process.
[0051] FIG. 3 is an exploded view of chassis 100 and sole component
30. When sole structure 12 is assembled, chassis 100 may reside
within a recess 123 in sole component 30. (See FIG. 10.) In some
embodiments, chassis 100 may be formed from injection molding. In
other embodiments, chassis 100 may be formed from other processes,
such as compression molding, carbon-fiber layup and molding, and/or
any other suitable processes. Sole component 30 may be formed using
any suitable process, such as molding (for example injection
molding) or other suitable processes.
[0052] In some embodiments, chassis 100 and sole component 30 may
both be formed separately, and then joined together, for example,
by welding, adhesive, and/or other techniques. In other
embodiments, chassis 100 may be formed first, and then placed
within a mold, and sole component 30 may be molded around chassis
100, effectively welding the two components together in the
process. Alternatively, sole component 30 may be formed first and
placed within a mold. Then, chassis 100 may be injection molded
into the preformed sole component 30.
[0053] In some cases, one or more preformed ground engaging members
(for example, cleat studs) may be inserted into a mold, and sole
component 30 may be formed by, for example, injection molding of
material into the mold to thus join with the preformed ground
engaging members in the mold. In some embodiments, a sole component
30 formed in this manner may be subsequently bonded to a preformed
version of chassis 100 in a separate process. In other embodiments,
sole component 30 may be co-molded with chassis 100 as described
above. In such a process, both a preformed chassis 100 and
preformed ground engaging members may be inserted into a mold
configured to form the assembly of sole component 30 and chassis
100. Alternatively, the assembly of sole component 30 and chassis
100 may be formed by any other suitable process.
[0054] In some embodiments, an exemplary chassis may include
features that provide comfort. For example, in some embodiments,
the chassis may have a substantially flat top surface. Therefore,
the top portions of various elements may sit flush with the top
surface of the chassis. Further, the chassis may have some degree
of curvature in various areas to accommodate the natural curvatures
of the foot.
[0055] As shown in FIG. 3 (and also in FIG. 12), in some
embodiments, top portions 124 of the reinforcing structure (e.g.,
partition members 118) may be flush with top surface 106 of chassis
100. This may maintain a relatively flat, consistent surface upon
which the footbed of footwear 10 (e.g., insole 26, midsole 28,
and/or a bottom portion of upper 14) may rest. In other
embodiments, the reinforcing structure may have an alternative
configuration.
[0056] As also shown in FIG. 3, sole component 30 may include one
or more through holes 125. In some embodiments, through holes 125
in sole component 30 may be filled in with portions of chassis 30
when assembled. In other embodiments, chassis 30 may reside at
least partially above through holes 125 (see, e.g., FIG. 9), thus
leaving through holes 125 as open areas. This may provide weight
reduction.
[0057] FIG. 4 is a lateral side view of chassis 100. As shown in
FIG. 4, chassis 100 may be a substantially planar structure, with a
slight upward curvature at its periphery in conformity with the
contours of the sole of a foot. In addition, bottom surface 109 of
chassis 100 may be upwardly curved in midfoot region 18 to
accommodate the concavity of the arch of a foot. As shown in FIG.
4, rib 110 may project downward from a laterally central portion of
chassis 100. In some embodiments, rib 110 may project through one
of through holes 125 in sole component 30 (see, e.g., FIG. 11). A
bottom-most crest 126 of rib 110 may have a substantially flat
lateral profile, as shown in FIG. 4, thereby providing for a deeper
portion of rib 110 in a longitudinally central portion 111 of rib
110, e.g., at a longitudinally central portion of midfoot region
18, than at rearward end 112 or forward end 114 of rib 110. Thus,
the depth of rib 110 may taper toward rearward end 112 and forward
end 114, providing for a gradual transition between stiffness and
flexibility of different regions of chassis 100 and, consequently,
sole structure 12. Enlarged views 127 and 129 are provided in FIG.
4 to illustrate the variation in cross-sectional shape of chassis
100 at different locations along the length of rib 110. The
cross-sections shown in enlarged views 127, 129 will be discussed
in greater detail below in conjunction with FIGS. 5 and 6.
[0058] FIG. 5 is a schematic, perspective, cut-away,
cross-sectional view of chassis 100 taken at line 5-5 in FIG. 4.
For purposes of simplifying the illustration, FIG. 5 does not show
partition members 118 within cavity 116. In some embodiments, at
least one location along longitudinal axis 108, rib 110 may have a
cross-sectional shape that is substantially trapezoidal, as shown
in FIG. 5. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, rib 110 may include an
angled, medial wall 128, and an angled, lateral wall 130. In
addition, rib 110 may include a substantially horizontal lower wall
132, including a flattened lower surface (that is, crest 126). The
cross-sectional shape of chassis 100 in the region of rib 110 may
be selected to provide the desired performance characteristics. In
the present example, medial wall 128 and lateral wall 130 may be
angled to provide enhanced lateral and torsional rigidity, without
unduly increasing vertical bending stiffness. The precise angles
and dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of chassis 100 may be
selected to achieve the desired properties. Therefore, various
other trapezoidal configurations may be implemented. Further, other
suitable cross-sectional shapes may be utilized to achieve the
desired properties.
[0059] As discussed above, the lateral width of rib 110 may span a
substantial majority of the lateral width of chassis 100 over a
substantial majority of length of rib 110. As shown in FIG. 5, rib
110 may have a lateral width 500, which may approximate a lateral
width 502 of chassis 100. Over a substantial majority of the length
of rib 110, lateral width 500 of rib 110 may differ from lateral
width 502 of chassis 100 by only a few millimeters. For example,
the lateral width 500 of rib 110 may be at least 60% of the width
of chassis 110 over approximately 50% or more of the length of rib
110. In some embodiments, lateral width 502 of chassis 100 may be
no more than approximately 15 mm larger than the lateral width 500
of rib 110 over approximately 50% of the length of rib 110. In
other embodiments, these relative dimensions may vary. In some
embodiments, at the portion of chassis 100 corresponding
approximately with line 5-5 in FIG. 4, lateral width 500 of rib 110
may be in the range of approximately 10-20 mm, for example about 15
mm, and lateral width 502 of chassis 100 may be in the range of
approximately 20-30 mm, for example about 25 mm. Accordingly, a
lateral width 503 of non-ribbed chassis portion may be in the range
of approximately 2-10 mm, for example about 5 mm. Also, at line
5-5, an inner lateral width 504 of rib 110 may be in the range of
approximately 10-20 mm, for example about 14 mm, and a lateral
width 506 of crest 126 may be in the range of approximately 5-10
mm, for example about 7 mm. The foregoing dimensions may vary
according to the desired characteristics of chassis 100.
[0060] As also discussed above, the height of rib 110 may taper
toward rearward end 112 and forward end 114 of rib 110. In some
embodiments, at the portion of chassis 100 corresponding
approximately with line 5-5 in FIG. 4, rib 110 may have height 508,
which may be in the range of approximately 3-10 mm, for example
about 5 mm, and chassis 100, itself, may have an overall height
510, which may be in the range of approximately 5-12 mm, for
example about 7 mm. Also, at the portion of chassis 100
corresponding approximately with line 5-5 in FIG. 4, cavity 116 of
rib 110 may have an inner depth 512, which may be in the range of
approximately 2-8 mm, for example about 4 mm. In addition, chassis
100 may have a thickness 514. At the portion of chassis 100
corresponding approximately with line 5-5 in FIG. 4, thickness 514
of chassis may be in the range of approximately 0.75-2.5 mm, for
example about 1.5 mm. Due to the relatively thin wall thickness 514
of chassis 100, the differences between inner lateral width 504 and
lateral width 506 of crest 126 may be relatively small. For similar
reasons, the difference between height 508 of rib 110 and height
510 of chassis 100 may also be relatively small. The foregoing
dimensions may vary according to the desired characteristics of
chassis 100.
[0061] FIG. 6 is a schematic, perspective, cut-away,
cross-sectional view of chassis 100 taken at line 6-6 in FIG. 4. As
shown in FIG. 6, while the cross-sectional shape of chassis 100 and
rib 110 at the portion of chassis 100 corresponding approximately
with line 6-6 in FIG. 4 may be substantially similar the
cross-sectional shape of chassis 100 and rib 110 at the portion of
chassis 100 corresponding approximately with line 5-5 in FIG. 4,
the dimensions of chassis 100 and/or rib 110 may differ to a
certain extent. For example, where the cross-section at line 5-5 in
FIG. 4 has a shallow and wide configuration, the cross-section at
line 6-6 in FIG. 4 has a deeper rib configuration.
[0062] As discussed above, the lateral width of rib 110 may span a
substantial majority of the lateral width of chassis 100 over a
substantial majority of the length of rib 110. Therefore, as shown
in FIG. 6, at the portion of chassis 100 corresponding
approximately with line 6-6 in FIG. 4, rib 110 may have a lateral
width 600, which may approximate a lateral width 602 of chassis
100. In some embodiments, at the portion of chassis 100
corresponding approximately with line 6-6 in FIG. 4, lateral width
600 of rib 110 may be in the range of approximately 10-20 mm, for
example about 15 mm, and lateral width 602 of chassis 100 may be in
the range of approximately 20-30 mm, for example about 26 mm.
Accordingly, a lateral width 603 of non-ribbed chassis portion may
be in the range of approximately 2-10 mm, for example about 5 mm.
Also, at line 6-6, an inner lateral width 604 of rib 110 may be in
the range of approximately 10-20 mm, for example about 14 mm, and a
lateral width 606 of crest 126 may be in the range of approximately
5-10 mm, for example about 7 mm. The foregoing dimensions may vary
according to the desired characteristics of chassis 100.
[0063] As also discussed above, the height of rib 110 may taper
toward rearward end 112 and forward end 114 of rib 110. At the
portion of chassis 100 corresponding approximately with line 6-6 in
FIG. 4, the height of rib 110 may be near its maximum. In some
embodiments, at the portion of chassis 100 corresponding
approximately with line 6-6 in FIG. 4, rib 110 may have height 608,
which may be in the range of approximately 5-15 mm, for example
about 8 mm, and chassis 100, itself, may have an overall height
610, which may be in the range of approximately 6-18 mm, for
example about 9 mm. Also, at the portion of chassis 100
corresponding approximately with line 6-6 in FIG. 4, cavity 116 of
rib 110 may have an inner depth 612, which may be in the range of
approximately 3-10 mm, for example about 6 mm. In addition, chassis
100 may have a thickness 614. At the portion of chassis 100
corresponding approximately with line 5-5 in FIG. 4, thickness 614
of chassis may be in the range of approximately 0.75-2.5 mm, for
example about 1.5 mm. Due to the relatively thin wall thickness 614
of chassis 100, the differences between inner lateral width 604 and
lateral width 606 of crest 126 may be relatively small. For similar
reasons, the difference between height 608 of rib 110 and height
610 of chassis 100 may also be relatively small. The foregoing
dimensions may vary according to the desired characteristics of
chassis 100.
Chassis Projections
[0064] According to the disclosed embodiments, an exemplary chassis
may provide support to a sole structure for an article of footwear
where it is most effective, and may do so using a reduced amount of
material and, accordingly, a lower weight. In addition, as
discussed in greater detail below, the disclosed chassis
configuration may also enable different portions of the sole
structure to deflect on a more independent basis, which may allow
the sole structure to conform to ground surface irregularities,
keeping more of the ground-engaging sole component in contact with
the ground surface, thereby maintaining traction and providing
stability. In some embodiments, both reduced weight, and selective
flexibility may be provided with, for example, independently
bendable projections extending from a central portion of the
chassis. In between the projections may be gaps, where material
would otherwise be disposed. Thus, removal of this material reduces
weight, while allowing the remaining portions of the chassis to
deflect substantially independently of one another.
[0065] Returning again to FIG. 2A, chassis 100 may include a
central portion 138 extending longitudinally, in a laterally
central region of chassis 100, through at least a portion of
forefoot region 16, midfoot region 18, and heel region 20. In
addition, chassis 100 may include a plurality of chassis
projections 140 extending laterally from central portion 138 of
chassis 100, leaving a plurality of chassis gaps 142 between
chassis projections 140. Chassis projections 140 may be selectively
disposed at strategic locations in order to provide support to sole
structure 12 in select areas. As shown in FIG. 2A, chassis 100 may
include a narrow portion 144 between chassis projections 140.
[0066] Referring now to FIG. 7, which shows a lateral side view of
chassis 100, narrow portion 144 may be, not only narrow, but also
relatively thin in a vertical direction. The thin, narrow
configuration of narrow portion 144 contributes to the flexibility
of forefoot region 16 of chassis 100. As shown in FIG. 7, a front
portion 146 of forefoot region 16 may be readily flexed in
direction 148, while the remainder of chassis 100 remains
substantially rigid and unflexed. The materials chosen for each
portion of chassis 100 may have a significant effect on the
relative flexibilities of each portion, as will be discussed in
greater detail below. However, the disclosed configuration (that
is, chassis projections 140) itself promotes independent
flexibility of the regions of sole structure 12 corresponding with
each of chassis projections 140.
[0067] Materials selection may significantly influence the
performance characteristics of a chassis for an article of
footwear. For example, the relative flexibility of the material
selected for various portions of a chassis may contribute to the
stiffness, strength, durability, comfort, and other structural
characteristics that the chassis may provide to a sole structure
and, ultimately, to an article of footwear. In some embodiments,
more than one material may be utilized to form an exemplary
chassis. The materials may have similar or very different
attributes, and may be used to form different portions of the
chassis accordingly. For example, in some embodiments, it may be
desirable to provide a chassis that is relatively stiff in one
area, and relatively flexible in another.
[0068] Chassis 100 may be formed of one or more suitable polymer,
composite, and/or metal alloy materials. Exemplary such materials
may include thermoplastic and thermoset polyurethane, polyester,
nylon, polyether block amide, alloys of polyurethane and
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, carbon fiber, poly-paraphenylene
terephthalamide (para-aramid fibers, e.g., Kevlar.RTM.), titanium
alloys, and/or aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, one or more
portions of chassis 100 may be formed of a composite material. For
instance, in some embodiments, at least one portion of chassis 100
may be formed of a carbon-Kevlar.RTM. composite (for example a
carbon fiber/Kevlar.RTM.). Still other suitable materials will be
recognized by a skilled artisan.
[0069] In some embodiments, different materials may be selected for
different portions of the chassis. For example, in some
embodiments, a first portion of the chassis may be formed of a
first material and a second portion of the chassis may be formed of
a second material having a substantially different level of
flexibility than the first material. In some embodiments, heel
region 20 and/or midfoot region 18 may be formed of a first
material, and forefoot region 16 may be formed of a second material
that is substantially more flexible than the first material. Those
having ordinary skill in the art will recognize other
configurations regarding the placement of the materials having
differing levels of flexibility.
[0070] Further, in some embodiments, at least one of chassis
projections 140 may be made from two different materials. For
example, as shown, e.g., in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and FIG. 7, front portion
146 of forefoot region 16 may be formed of a first, relatively
flexible material, whereas, the remainder of chassis 100 may be
formed of a second, more rigid material. Transition line 150 (in
FIG. 2A), and transition line 152 (in FIG. 2B) indicate the
transition between the two materials. In some embodiments, the
material selected for front portion 146 may overlap at the junction
with the material selected for the rest of chassis 100, as shown by
the difference in location of transition line 150 on a top portion
of chassis 100 (see FIG. 2A) and the location of transition line
152 on a bottom portion of chassis 100 (see FIG. 2B). Further, in
some embodiments, a first material and a second material having a
different level of flexibility than the first material may be
incorporated into the same chassis projection 140. For example, as
shown in FIG. 2B, middle chassis projections 154 may be positioned
at a location corresponding with the ball of the foot and a first
material may be disposed at a rearward portion of middle chassis
projections 154 and a second material may be disposed at a forward
portion of middle chassis projections 154. In some embodiments, the
second material is substantially more flexible than the first
material.
[0071] FIG. 8 illustrates the substantial flexibility of forward
chassis projections 156, 158. For example, as illustrated in FIG.
8, forward chassis projection 156, which may be laterally disposed
in front portion 146 of forefoot region 16 of chassis 100, may be
flexible, e.g., in an upward direction 160, or in a downward
direction (not shown), and/or in a torsional movement. Similarly,
forward chassis projection 158, which may be medially disposed in
front portion 146 (associated with the location of a big toe), may
be flexible, e.g., in an upward direction 162, a downward direction
(not shown), and/or in a torsional movement. Outlines of chassis
projections 156 and 158 in an unflexed configuration are shown in
phantom in FIG. 8.
Sole Component-Chassis Assembly
[0072] According to some embodiments, an exemplary chassis may be
assembled, and work in conjunction, with other components of a sole
structure. An exemplary chassis may provide strength, support,
rigidity, flexibility, and other performance attributes to a
ground-engaging sole component. In some embodiments, certain
portions of the chassis may correspond with certain portions of the
ground-engaging sole component. In some cases the certain portions
of the chassis may provide certain characteristics to the
corresponding portions of the sole component. Further, in some
cases, the corresponding portions may work in harmony with one
another to provide the sole structure and, ultimately the article
of footwear with desired performance characteristics.
[0073] In addition, an exemplary disclosed ground-engaging sole
component may include features to provide traction/grip in one or
more directions. In some embodiments, sole component may include
one or more ground-engaging members (e.g., cleats). Ground-engaging
members may have any of a variety of shapes and forms. In addition,
ground-engaging members may be disposed on the sole component at
various locations. The shape, size, material, and placement of
ground-engaging members may be selected to provide traction
according to an anticipated set of conditions in which the article
of footwear will be used. Factors considered when configuring
ground-engaging members may include, for example, the ground
surface on which the activity will take place, the nature of the
activity, the size of the athlete, and/or other parameters.
[0074] FIG. 9 is a bottom view of an assembly 900 of sole component
30 and chassis 100. FIG. 10 is a top view of assembly 900. Sole
component 30 may be formed of suitable materials for achieving the
desired performance attributes. Sole component may be formed of any
suitable polymer, composite, and/or metal alloy materials.
Exemplary such materials may include thermoplastic and thermoset
polyurethane, polyester, nylon, polyether block amide, alloys of
polyurethane and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, carbon fiber,
poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide (para-aramid fibers, e.g.,
Kevlar.RTM.), titanium alloys, and/or aluminum alloys. Other
suitable materials will be recognized by those having skill in the
art.
[0075] As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 9, sole component 30 may include
a ground-engaging lower surface 902. For example, lower surface 902
of sole component 30 may include a plurality of ground-engaging
members 904. One or more of ground-engaging members 904 may be
respectively associated with one or more of chassis projections
140. For example, comparison of FIG. 9 with FIG. 2B will illustrate
that the location of each of ground-engaging members 904 shown in
FIG. 9, approximately coincides with one of chassis projections 140
shown in FIG. 2B.
[0076] It will be understood that any type of ground-engaging
members could be used with sole structure 12. In some cases,
ground-engaging members 904 could be configured to engage a soft
ground surface. For example, in one embodiment, ground-engaging
members 904 be configured to engage a soft grass surface. In other
cases, ground-engaging members 904 could be configured to engage a
hard surface. For example, in one embodiment ground-engaging
members 904 could be configured to engage a hard grass surface or
artificial turf. In still other embodiments, any other types of
ground-engaging members could be used.
[0077] Although the current embodiment includes ground-engaging
members that are mounted to portions of an outer member, in other
embodiments ground-engaging members could be mounted directly to a
reinforcing plate. For example, in some embodiments, one or more
ground-engaging members could be mounted directly to a chassis
projection of a chassis. In some such embodiments, the sole
structure may not include a separate outer member (sole
component).
[0078] In addition to ground-engaging members 904, sole component
30 may include one or more secondary traction elements. For
example, sole component 30 may include a central cleat member 906.
Central cleat member 906 may be disposed in a central region of
sole component 30 corresponding with the ball of the foot. In some
embodiments, central cleat member 906 may be of a shorter vertical
height than ground-engaging members 904. Also, in some embodiments,
sole component 30 may include one or more textured surfaces 908. In
some embodiments, textured surfaces 908 may include, for example, a
plurality of short, peaked ground-engaging members, as shown in the
accompanying figures (see, e.g., FIG. 12). Other textures may also
be used.
[0079] Sole component 30 may also include other types of secondary
traction elements. For example, in some embodiments, sole component
30 may include one or more support members 170 configured to
provide support to ground-engaging members 904. While support
members 170 may provide support to ground-engaging members 904,
support members 170 may also provide additional traction/grip.
Support members 170 may have any shape and/or configuration,
including any of the various embodiments disclosed in co-pending
U.S. application Ser. No. 13/234,180, filed on Sep. 16, 2011,
entitled "Shaped Support Features for Footwear Ground-Engaging
Members," U.S. application Ser. No. 13/234,182, filed on Sep. 16,
2011, entitled "Orientations for Footwear Ground-Engaging Member
Support Features," U.S. application Ser. No. 13/234,183, filed on
Sep. 16, 2011, entitled "Spacing for Footwear Ground-Engaging
Member Support Features," and U.S. application Ser. No. 13/234,185,
filed on Sep. 16, 2011, entitled "Sole Arrangement with
Ground-Engaging Member Support Features," each of which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0080] According to some embodiments, portions of assembly 900 may
be configured to deflect to allow movement of individual
ground-engaging members 904. For example, in some embodiments, an
exemplary sole structure may be configured to allow each of the
ground-engaging members and the chassis projection with which it is
associated to deflect substantially independently from the other
ground-engaging members and other chassis projections respectively
associated therewith.
[0081] While the rigidity of assembly 900 may be greater than that
of either sole component 30 or chassis 100 as separate units, sole
component 30 may include features that, even when the components
are assembled together, allow assembly 900 to retain flexibility in
certain areas. For example, like chassis 100, as shown in FIG. 9,
sole component 30 may include gaps 912, and a laterally narrow
midfoot region 914, leaving sole component projections 116, the
location of which corresponds approximately with middle chassis
projections 154. In addition, through hole 125 at a forefoot region
of sole component 30 also reduces the amount of material between
gaps 912.
[0082] Due at least in part to the reduced amount of material
between gaps 912 in assembly 900, a forward portion 918 of the
forefoot region of assembly 900 may be configured to readily
deflect under loads. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, forward
portion 918 may deflect upward in a direction 1100. Alternatively
or additionally, forward portion 918 may be configured to deflect
downward in an opposite direction, and/or undergo a torsional
movement.
[0083] In addition to allowing the entirety of forward portion 918
to deflect, assembly 900 may also include provisions to enable a
medial section 919 and a lateral section 920 sections of forward
portion 918 including a forward medial ground-engaging member 921
and a forward lateral ground-engaging member 922 to deflect
individually. For example, sole component 30 may include a hinge
element 924, disposed separating medial section 919 and lateral
section 920. Hinge element 924 may function similar to a "living
hinge," by having a reduced thickness, thus allowing medial section
919 and lateral section 920 to bend with respect to one another at
the joint formed by hinge element 924. The material of assembly 900
in the area between ground-engaging members 921 and 922 is further
reduced by through hole 125 in sole component 30. These features of
sole component 30, in conjunction with the separate forward chassis
projections 156 and 158 of chassis 100, enable medial section 919
and a lateral section 920 of forward portion 918 on which
ground-engaging members 921 and 922 are disposed to deflect
individually. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, upon loading,
medial section 919 may undergo a deflection in an upward direction
926. Similarly, lateral section 920 may undergo a deflection in an
upward direction 928. Alternatively, or additionally, sections 919
and 920 may undergo an opposite, that is, downward deflection.
[0084] By providing chassis projections portions associated with
ground-engaging members that can bend and/or twist, a sole
structure can be configured to provide increased ground contact on
irregular ground surfaces. In particular, chassis projections
associated with the ball of the foot and forward chassis
projections, associated with a front portion of the forefoot region
can deflect in a manner that accommodates the natural motion of the
foot while providing substantially consistent ground contact. Thus,
sections of assembly 900 may deflect individually according to
ground surface irregularities. For example sections of assembly 900
may deflect upwardly (e.g., when stepping on a rock), downwardly
(when stepping in a hole in ground surface 1302), and/or may twist
to accommodate ground surface irregularities that are not engaged
squarely with a ground-engaging member. This adaptive attribute may
facilitate athlete 904 maintaining good balance and consistent
traction.
[0085] FIG. 13 illustrates an embodiment of chassis 100
incorporated into footwear 10 having a plurality of ground-engaging
members 904 worn on the foot of an athlete 1300. As illustrated,
chassis 100 may be configured to adapt to an uneven ground surface
1302 as athlete 1300 steps down with his foot. As shown in FIG. 11,
a rock 1304 may be disposed beneath a portion of the athlete's
foot. Footwear 10 may be configured to deflect independently at one
or more regions in order to accommodate rock 1304, while allowing
the remaining ground-engaging members to maintain consistent ground
contact. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, medial section of
forward portion 918 of assembly 900 may deflect upon engaging rock
1304, while the remainder of ground engaging members 904 remain
engaged with ground surface 1302.
[0086] According to some embodiments, a sole structure may include
provisions for strengthening ground-engaging members. In some
embodiments, a chassis may include features that enhance the
strength of ground-engaging members, without adding a significant
amount of weight. For example, in some embodiments, a chassis may
include recesses on a top side and corresponding protrusions on the
bottom side. A mating sole component may include corresponding
recesses above ground-engaging members. This assembly may enable
ground-engaging members with a shorter root structure (that is, the
non-exposed portion of the ground-engaging member) to be formed,
without sacrificing strength. This type of feature may be employed
with any of a variety of ground-engaging elements that protrude
from a sole.
[0087] Referring again to FIG. 3, chassis 100 may include one or
more recesses 164 on top surface 106. Recesses 164 may be
positioned at locations that, when assembled with sole component
30, will reside above one or more of ground-engaging members 904.
In some embodiments, one or more of recesses 164 may be
substantially round. In other embodiments, recesses 164 may have
other shapes that generally correspond with the size and/or shape
of the ground-engaging members with which they are associated. The
inner surface of recesses 164 may have a spherical (e.g.,
bowl-shaped) contour. In some embodiments, the thickness of chassis
100 in recesses 164 may remain consistent with the areas of chassis
100 surrounding the recesses. For example, in some embodiments,
chassis 100 may project downward from bottom surface 109 of chassis
100, creating bulges 166 opposite recesses 164. (See FIG. 2B.) Sole
component 30 may include corresponding recesses 930, which may
accommodate bulges 166 when sole component 30 and chassis 100 are
assembled to form assembly 900.
[0088] In addition, in some embodiments, one or more of recesses
164 may include a tapering channel 168. Channels 168 may be
positioned at locations that, when chassis 100 is assembled with
sole component 30, will reside above one or more of support members
910. In some embodiments, tapering channels 168 may have a
triangular cross-sectional shape, as shown in FIG. 3. This shape
corresponds with the elongated and sloped structure of support
members 910. In other embodiments, channels 168 may have any
suitable shape that generally correspond with the size and/or shape
of the support members with which they are associated. In some
embodiments channels 168 may not be tapered. As with recesses 164,
chassis 100 may include protrusions 170 on bottom side 109 of
chassis 100 opposite channels 168, in order to maintain the
thickness of chassis 100. Further, sole component 30 may include
tapering channels 932
[0089] FIG. 14 illustrates an alternative embodiment of certain
sole structure components, including an assembly 1400. As shown in
FIG. 14, assembly 1400 may include a chassis 1402 having a
reinforcing rib 1404 and a plurality of chassis projections 1405.
Assembly 1400 may further include a plurality of sole components
1406, which may include a plurality of ground-engaging members 1408
extending therefrom. Sole components 1406 may include one or more
support members 1410. The features of assembly 1400 may function
substantially similarly to corresponding features of assembly
900.
[0090] While various embodiments have been described, the
description is intended to be exemplary, rather than limiting and
it will be apparent to those in the art that many more embodiments
and implementations are possible that are within the scope of the
current embodiments. Accordingly, the current embodiments are not
to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their
equivalents. Features described in one embodiment may or may not be
included in other embodiments described herein. Also, various
modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the
attached claims.
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