U.S. patent application number 13/673471 was filed with the patent office on 2013-03-14 for system and method for measuring a fax converted into electronic format.
This patent application is currently assigned to j2 Global Ireland Limited. The applicant listed for this patent is j2 Global Ireland Limited. Invention is credited to Nicola Fawle, Tom Mulligan.
Application Number | 20130063762 13/673471 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38198616 |
Filed Date | 2013-03-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130063762 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Mulligan; Tom ; et
al. |
March 14, 2013 |
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING A FAX CONVERTED INTO ELECTRONIC
FORMAT
Abstract
A fax conversion system for determining a measure of the number
of pages transmitted by fax to or from a plurality of users,
comprising: means for converting the transmitted pages into a
format that can be output electronically rather than in hardcopy,
means for counting the number of pages within an individual fax
transmission, means for associating said fax transmission with a
respective one of said plurality of users, and means for
determining a measure of the total number of pages transmitted by
fax to or from each of said plurality of users. The system may
determine a measure of an equivalent number of trees saved, or the
number of carbon credits gained, by not producing hardcopies of
transmitted pages.
Inventors: |
Mulligan; Tom;
(Knocknacarra, IE) ; Fawle; Nicola; (Kilcolgan,
IE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
j2 Global Ireland Limited; |
Dublin |
|
IE |
|
|
Assignee: |
j2 Global Ireland Limited
Dublin
IE
|
Family ID: |
38198616 |
Appl. No.: |
13/673471 |
Filed: |
November 9, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
12114686 |
May 2, 2008 |
8310699 |
|
|
13673471 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
358/1.14 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04N 2201/3216 20130101;
H04N 1/32122 20130101; H04N 1/00832 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
358/1.14 |
International
Class: |
G06K 15/02 20060101
G06K015/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 2, 2007 |
GB |
GB0708504.6 |
Claims
1-40. (canceled)
41. A computerized method for authenticating a user for sending a
fax, the method comprising: receiving an email, being a request for
sending a fax, from the user, the e ail including a message to be
transmitted as a fax and a source email address; parsing the source
email address to determine a domain name part of the source email
address; and comparing the determined domain name part with an
authorized domain name, wherein the authorized domain name refers
to an account that is authorized to send faxes.
42. The method of claim 41, further comprising determining that the
domain name part matches the authorized domain name and in response
authenticating the user.
43. The method of claim 42, further comprising allowing the user
access to a service in response to authenticating the user.
44. The method of claim 42, further comprising converting the email
message to a fax and transmitting the fax using a fax protocol, in
response to authenticating the user.
45. The method of claim 44, further comprising storing a detail of
the fax transmission within the account associated with the
authorized domain name.
46. The method of claim 45, wherein the detail includes the source
email address, a destination fax number, a number of pages, and a
time stamp.
47. The method of claim 45, wherein the detail is used to determine
a total number of pages of authorized fax transmissions made for
the account.
48. The method of claim 41, further comprising determining a source
Internet Protocol (IP) address of the email; and comparing the
determined source IP address to an authorized IP address.
49. The method of claim 48, wherein the authorized IP address is
specific to the authorized domain name.
50. A system for authenticating a user, comprising: an email server
adapted to receive an email from the user and determine a domain
name part of a source email address in the email; a database
containing an account, the account including an authorized domain
name; and a verification module executed by a computer processer,
the verification module being coupled to the database and adapted
to receive the domain name part from the email server and compare
the domain name part with the authorized domain name.
51. The system of claim 50, further comprising a conversion server
adapted to receive the email from the email server and convert the
email to a fax.
52. The system of claim 51, wherein the conversion server is
further adapted to transmit the fax using a fax protocol.
53. The system of claim 51, wherein the conversion server is
coupled to the database and is further adapted to store a detail of
the fax within the account.
54. The system of claim 53, wherein the detail include at least one
of the source email address, a destination fax number, a number of
pages, and a time stamp.
55. The system of claim 53, wherein the detail is used to determine
a total number of pages transmitted by fax for the account.
56. The system of claim 50, wherein the verification module is
further adapted to determine a match between the domain name part
and the authorized domain name, and authenticate the user in
response to determining the match.
57. The system of claim 56, wherein the email is processed in
response to authenticating the user.
58. The system of claim 57, wherein processing the email comprises
converting the email to a fax and transmitting the fax using a fax
protocol.
59. The system of claim 50, wherein the email server is further
adapted to determine a source Internet Protocol (IP) address of the
email, and the verification module is further adapted to receive
the source IP address from the email server and compare the source
IP address to an authorized IP address of the account.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a system for and method of
determining the number of pages transmitted to or from a plurality
of users. In particular, the invention relates to monitoring fax
transmissions to and from a user, determining the number of pages
within each fax transmission and associating each fax transmission
with a user, or a group of users.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0002] According to a first aspect of the present invention there
is provided a system for determining a measure of the number of
pages transmitted by fax to or from a plurality of users,
comprising: means (preferably in the form of a processor and
associated memory) for converting the transmitted pages into a
format that can be output electronically rather than in hardcopy,
means (preferably in the form of a processor and associated memory)
for counting the number of pages within an individual fax
transmission, means (preferably in the form of a processor and
associated memory) for associating said fax transmission with a
respective one of said plurality of users, and means (preferably in
the form of a processor and associated memory) for determining a
measure of the total number of pages transmitted by fax to or from
each of said plurality of users.
[0003] According to a further aspect of the present invention there
is provided a system for determining a measure of the number of
pages transmitted to or from a plurality of users, comprising:
means (preferably in the form of a processor and associated memory)
for counting the number of pages within an individual transmission,
means (preferably in the form of a processor and associated memory)
for associating said transmission with a respective one of said
plurality of users, and means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) for determining a measure of the
total number of pages transmitted to or from each of said plurality
of users. This may improve efficiency in transmitting documents
with pages.
[0004] Preferably, the system allocates at least one such measure,
associated with one of said plurality of users, to a group.
[0005] Preferably, the system allocates a plurality of measures,
associated with respective ones of said plurality of users, to said
group.
[0006] Preferably, the system allocates a respective one such
measure to each of a plurality of said groups.
[0007] Preferably, the system further comprises means for
determining, as a group measure, a total of the measures allocated
to a given group.
[0008] Preferably, the system further comprises means (preferably
in the form of a processor and associated memory) for determining a
total of the measures that are not allocated to any group.
[0009] Preferably, the system further comprises means (preferably
in the form of a processor and associated memory) for determining a
total of all the measures.
[0010] Preferably, the system further comprises a user interface.
The user interface may be adapted to output any desired total or
sub-total number of pages transmitted. The user interface may be
further adapted to output said measure of the total number of pages
transmitted to or from a given user. The user interface may be yet
further adapted to output a given group measure.
[0011] Preferably, the user interface includes a display device to
display the output of said user interface.
[0012] Preferably, the user interface accesses via the internet the
information to be output.
[0013] Preferably, the transmission is a fax.
[0014] Preferably, a plurality of fax numbers are associated with a
single user, so that tracking of fax usage is accomplished more
efficiently.
[0015] Preferably, the means for counting the number of pages is
adapted to use information stored within the fax file header, so
that the number of pages within the transmissions is counted more
accurately.
[0016] Preferably the system further comprises means (preferably in
the form of a processor and associated memory) for associating a
plurality of fax numbers with a single user, so that for example
user sub-accounts may be created.
[0017] Preferably, the system further comprises means (preferably
in the form of a processor and associated memory) for analysing
said measure, and said analysis is adapted to determine a measure
of the equivalent number of trees saved by not producing hardcopy
faxes. The measure analysed may be a single measure of a single
user, a measure of a group of users, or a measure of all of the
measures. By calculating the equivalent number of trees saved by
not producing hardcopy faxes the system may provide users with a
clear understanding of the effects on the environment.
[0018] Preferably, said analysis includes determining a measure of
the number of carbon credits gained by the or each said user based
on said number of trees saved. By calculating the number of carbon
credits gained by the or each said user CO.sub.2 emissions may be
reduced.
[0019] According to a further aspect of the invention there is
provided a system for monitoring fax transmissions to and from a
user, comprising means (preferably in the form of a fax machine)
for receiving said fax, means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) for converting said fax into an
electronic format, means (preferably in the form of a processor and
associated memory) for monitoring the total number of faxes
converted for said user, and means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) for determining a measure of the
total number of pages within said faxes. Thus fax transmissions may
be monitored more efficiently.
[0020] Preferably, the fax file format is Tagged-Image-File-Format
(TIFF).
[0021] Preferably, the system further comprises means (preferably
in the form of a processor and associated memory) for converting a
transmitted page into a format that can be output electronically
rather than in hardcopy.
[0022] Preferably, the system further comprises means (preferably
in the form of a processor and associated memory) for analysing
said measure, wherein said analysis is adapted to determine a
measure of an equivalent number of trees saved by not producing
hardcopies of transmitted pages.
[0023] Preferably, the system further comprises means (preferably
in the form of a processor and associated memory) for analysing
said measure, wherein said analysis is adapted to determine a
measure of a number of carbon credits gained by not producing
hardcopies of transmitted pages. The analysing means may be adapted
to determine said measure for any desired total or sub-total of
pages transmitted.
[0024] Preferably, the pages within a fax converted from fax
protocol to another electronic format are counted. By counting and
keeping track of the number of pages converted for each individual
user a more efficient use of paper resources may be made.
[0025] Preferably, the more efficient use of paper resources leads
to a reduction in energy consumption, and a greater carbon
sequestration by trees not cut down for paper production.
Preferably, the present invention affords the ability to store, for
each individual user, the total number of pages equivalent to A4
size converted into another electronic format. Preferably, the
system affords the ability to calculate the equivalent number of
trees not cut down as a result of the conversion from hardcopy to
softcopy; preferably this calculation utilizes for example
internationally recognized standards.
[0026] Preferably, the number of carbon credits gained by not
cutting down the trees is calculated; preferably this calculation
utilizes for example internationally recognized standards.
[0027] According to a yet further aspect of the present invention
there is provided a system for allocating carbon credits,
comprising: means (preferably in the form of a processor and
associated memory) for counting the number of fax pages converted
into softcopy for a user, means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) for calculating the resulting
number of trees saved, and means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) for calculating the number of
carbon credits associated with said number of trees saved for said
user. Thus companies could earn carbon credits more
efficiently.
[0028] According to a yet further aspect of the present invention
there is provided a system for improving carbon sequestration,
comprising means (preferably in the form of a processor and
associated memory) for counting the number of fax pages converted
into softcopy for a user, and means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) for calculating the resulting
number of trees saved, wherein the saved trees increase carbon
sequestration.
[0029] According to a yet further aspect of the present invention
there is provided a method of determining a measure of the number
of pages transmitted to or from a plurality of users, comprising:
counting the number of pages within an individual transmission,
associating said transmission with a respective one of said
plurality of users, and determining a measure of the total number
of pages transmitted to or from each of said plurality of
users.
[0030] According to a yet further aspect of the present invention
there is provided, a method of determining a measure of the number
of pages transmitted by fax to or from a user, comprising: counting
the number of pages within an individual fax transmission,
associating said fax transmission with a user, and determining a
measure of the total number of pages transmitted by fax to said
user.
[0031] According to a yet further aspect of the present invention
there is provided a system for sending faxes via email, comprising:
means (preferably in the form of a processor and associated memory)
for recognising the email domain name, means (preferably in the
form of a processor and associated memory) for associating said
domain name with a main user, and means (preferably in the form of
a processor and associated memory) for converting said email into a
fax and transmitting it to the intended recipient. Thus the process
of sending faxes via email may be accomplished more
efficiently.
[0032] Preferably, the system further comprises means (preferably
in the form of a processor and associated memory) for verifying the
identity of a sub-user.
[0033] Preferably, the verifying means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) is adapted to recognise the IP
address of said sub-user's computer, and said IP address is used to
confirm the identity of the email sender in conjunction with said
domain name.
[0034] Preferably, the verifying means (preferably in the form of a
processor and associated memory) is adapted to recognise the Domain
Name Server of the sub-user's email, and said Domain Name Server is
used to confirm the identity of the email sender in conjunction
with said domain name.
[0035] According to a yet further aspect of the present invention
there is provided a computer when programmed to carry out the
methods as described herein.
[0036] Further features of the invention are characterised by the
appended claims. The invention extends to methods and/or systems
substantially as herein described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
[0037] The invention also provides a computer program and a
computer program product for carrying out any of the methods
described herein and/or for embodying any of the apparatus features
described herein, and a computer readable medium having stored
thereon a program for carrying out any of the methods described
herein and/or for embodying any of the apparatus features described
herein.
[0038] The invention also provides a signal embodying a computer
program for carrying out any of the methods described herein and/or
for embodying any of the apparatus features described herein, a
method of transmitting such a signal, and a computer product having
an operating system which supports a computer program for carrying
out any of the methods described herein and/or for embodying any of
the apparatus features described herein.
[0039] System or apparatus and method features may be interchanged
as appropriate, and may be provided independently one of another.
Any feature in one aspect of the invention may be applied to other
aspects of the invention, in any appropriate combination. In
particular, method aspects may be applied to system or apparatus
aspects, and vice versa.
[0040] As used herein, the term "user" connotes not only an
individual person, but also a number of such people or for example
a legal person, such as a company.
[0041] Preferred features of the present invention will now be
described, purely by way of example, with reference to the
accompanying figures, in which:
[0042] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall system;
[0043] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of the page tracking system;
[0044] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combinations of user
types; and
[0045] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the domain name recognition
system.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0046] A system is provided for monitoring, recording and analysing
fax conversion from a standard fax protocol (such as ITU-T T.30,
ITU-T T.38 or Group 3) to another protocol (format) such as TIFF,
or PDF (or Microsoft word document). Although the faxes are still
transmitted using a standard protocol upon receipt they are then
converted into the required format.
[0047] In overview, as shown in FIG. 1, there are three main
elements. The first element comprises a fax machine 100 in
communication with a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 102.
The second element 104 provides the means by which the incoming
faxes are converted, processed and sent on to users, and comprises
a fax application server 104 containing fax hardware 106, a fax to
email converter 108, an information collector 110, a page counter
112, a group allocator 114, a group page counter 116, an
information compiler 118, and a database within the central server
120. In addition there is an email server 121 from which the
converted faxes are communicated to the users. The third element
comprises the internet 122, and user interfaces accessible via
computers 124. Although the incoming and outgoing fax transmissions
are shown as using a PSTN it should be noted that the faxes may be
sent/received via IP (so called Fax over Internet Protocol (FoIP)).
Therefore, as used herein the term PSTN should be considered as
interchangeable with IP within this description.
[0048] In more detail, the first element comprises the means for
incoming faxes to be communicated to the fax application server
104. The fax application server has standard PSTN circuits
connected to it via E1/TI lines. These are used for receipt and
transmission of fax messages over standard telephone lines. The fax
application server 104 can receive incoming faxes from any
conventional fax machine 100 via the PSTN 102. The incoming faxes
can be addressed to any one of a number of users of the system.
Each user may have multiple fax numbers associated with their user
account, and indeed multiple users may associate their incoming
faxes with a single account.
[0049] The second element 104 includes the fax hardware 106 which
receives the incoming fax message from the PSTN 102. The fax
message is then passed to the fax to email converter 108 which
converts the fax into an electronic format capable of being
displayed by a computer, such as a PDF or TIFF (or MS word
document). Information is collected from the fax message by the
information collector 110. Information such as the time of the
message, the fax number that the message was sent from, and an
identifier are collected. The page counter 112 then counts the
number of pages within the fax message and passes the information
through the group allocator 114. The group allocator 114 allocates
the message to a group. The group may contain one or more fax
numbers, and one or more users. Therefore, it is possible for a
user to be associated with a single fax number, or for a user to be
associated with multiple fax numbers, or for many users to be
associated with a single group, or any combination thereof. The
group page counter 116 provides a further measure of the number of
pages within the faxes sent to the group.
[0050] The information compiler 118 then compiles the information
collected and stores the information in the database within the
central server 120. The fax is then sent to the user via the email
server 121. The email server is in communication with the fax to
email converter 108, and the central server 120. The fax to email
converter provides the electronic version of the fax and the
central server provides the email address to send the email to. The
fax is then emailed to the pre-defined email address of the
user.
[0051] In summary the fax application server 104 contains the means
for: [0052] receiving fax documents via telephony or IP [0053]
sending fax documents via telephony or IP [0054] keeping a record
of how many A4 (or letter size) pages are associated with each fax
[0055] keeping a record of fax pages associated with each account
[0056] management of historical information associated with faxes
e.g. each telephone call, date received, which telephone numbers
etc [0057] production of charges associated with receipt and
sending of faxes [0058] algorithms for calculating tree
preservation count [0059] registration of new accounts and fax
identity association [0060] standard fax PCI hardware for receipt
and transmission of faxes e.g. brooktrout, aculab PCI cards etc
[0061] customer invoice creation [0062] transmission of faxes via
email
[0063] The central server 104 incorporates a database for storing
information relating to the users of the platform. The database
contains, for each user, a record of the telephone number(s)
associated with the user's incoming faxes; thus the system is
enabled to receive incoming faxes and forward them via IP to the
user. The system maintains a record within the database of the
number of faxes the user has received electronically. The faxes
converted into an alternative electronic format are equated to
equivalent A4, A3, B4, letter or any other standard page sizes, and
the number of such pages is recorded.
[0064] In summary, the database (within the central server)
contains all information associated with the system. Typical
information stored within it would be: [0065] Customer account
details--contacts, passwords, email addresses, fax telephone
number(s) etc [0066] Call data records (CDR)--history of all
inbound and outbound fax telephony and internet calls [0067]
History of the number of pages associated with all faxes received
and sent for each customer [0068] Number of trees preserved per
customer [0069] Carbon credits accumulated per customer
[0070] In addition, the system is adapted to receive outgoing faxes
from a user allowing the user to send a fax to an external party
without converting the document to be faxed into a hard copy first.
The system records in the central server 104 the total number of A4
pages, or any other paper size equivalent that is applicable, that
are sent by the user not requiring a hard copy.
[0071] The third main element, 3, shown in FIG. 1 comprises the
internet 122, and the user interface 124. The internet 122 is used
both to transmit the emails to the user and for the user to access
the information in the central server 120 via the user interface
124. The user interface allows the user to access the information
stored within the system. In addition, the user may also set up the
email addresses that the converted faxes should be sent to, request
additional fax numbers to be associated with the user, and other
such maintenance features.
[0072] The user interface 124 is in the form of a web interface
that allows the user to securely log on, providing the user with
the ability to view the number of pages (i.e. received and sent in
softcopy format) converted from hardcopy fax protocol to softcopy.
This information is shown broken down into the individual fax
numbers associated with the user, and into outgoing and incoming
faxes. Furthermore, the user is also presented with information
relating to the number of trees that the converted pages equates
to, and the number of carbon credits that they have been awarded as
a direct consequence of the saved trees.
[0073] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of the process used to obtain the
number of pages transmitted within the fax. The system receives the
communication, step 200, either from the user with an outgoing fax,
or from an external party with an incoming fax. The content of the
fax is in the form of a TIFF image. The system extracts from the
TIFF file the TIFF header, step 202, which contains, among other
information, the number of pages contained within the file. The
next step is to extract the number of pages from the TIFF file
header, step 204. The system then proceeds to collect the other
relevant information to that specific fax, step 206. The
information collected includes: the number of pages 208; a time
stamp indicating the time the transmission started and ended 210;
the telephone number the fax was sent from or to 212; and an
identifier 214, which would allow each fax to be associated with a
particular user. For example, the identifier may be one of the
incoming or the outgoing fax number. Finally, the collected
information 206 is stored in the database, step 216.
[0074] The number of pages sent can in this way be stored in the
database and associated with a user. The identifier used allows the
faxes received to any number of telephone numbers to be associated
with a single user. This allows a company to have multiple fax
numbers but have a single user account, and therefore store all of
the information relating to all of the fax numbers in a single
location. In a further example, a large multinational company may
have hundreds of fax numbers for their many national subsidiaries
but wish to store the information pertaining to the number of fax
pages not sent in hardcopy format in a single location, and thereby
allow a more efficient handling of their fax monitoring system.
[0075] The present invention may provide a single platform capable
of receiving and sending faxes for a plurality of users. FIG. 3
shows an overview of the variety of user types that the system can
handle. Each user is able to have one, 300, or more, 302, fax
numbers associated with their account. The single fax application
server 104 is therefore highly adaptable and capable of handling
large numbers of users. In addition, the system allows for multiple
users to group together to contribute to a single total of pages
converted from hardcopy to softcopy within faxes, 304. Furthermore,
multiple groups of users with multiple fax numbers can combine
their converted pages total to produce a single total, as in group
306. When combined with the possibility of multiple fax application
servers, it can be seen that there are a very large number of
combinations available to the user. In each case a single total of
pages converted from fax protocol to another electronic protocol is
produced for each group.
[0076] A group may contain one user or multiple users. Grand totals
may be produced for two or more groups in combination, and equally
sub-totals may be produced for groups or sub-groups.
Email to Fax Conversion
[0077] A system is provided that enables email communications to be
converted into fax protocol and transmitted to another party. The
system enables the user to create a single (for example master)
account capable of allowing a number of sub-users to use the
account without the requirement of creating further individual
sub-accounts. The system is also adapted to enable a single user to
use the system, without sub-users. FIG. 4 illustrates at 400 such a
system. The system 400 includes a domain name recognition server
402 which is in two way communication with a verification server
404. The verification server 404 is in communication with a user
account database 406. The domain name recognition server 402 is
also in communication with an email to fax conversion server
408.
[0078] When the system receives an incoming email 410 from a user
it is first directed to the domain name recognition server 402. The
domain name recognition server 402 analyses the email address of
the incoming message to determine the domain name of the email
address. The legitimacy of the incoming email is then verified by
determining the Domain Name Server or using other information such
as the IP (Internet Protocol) address of the user. This information
is then passed to the verification server 406 which performs a
comparison with the details held in the user database 406. Upon
verification that the domain name is registered for a user, and
that the IP address is consistent with that user, the email is
passed from the domain name recognition server 402 to the email to
fax conversion server 408. The email to fax conversion server 408
then converts the body of the email and its file attachments into a
fax, extracts the fax number from the email and then transmits the
fax to the intended recipient. The details of the fax are then
passed to the user account database to be stored with in the user's
account. The details stored include the email address, destination
fax number, number of pages, time stamp, etc. These details can
then be used at a later date for other purposes, such as billing or
carbon sequestration calculation.
[0079] In this way a single user, such as a large company, can set
up one account with the system and then allow all of its employees
to send faxes from their individual computer terminals, provided
that they all use the same domain name. Therefore, any email
address with the domain name of the company will be allowed to send
a fax using the system. In this way the company is provided with a
simple solution to managing multiple fax machines, and can decrease
both the paper used in order to send faxes in a traditional manner
and the time spent in the process. This system also reduces the
time required for companies to set up an email to fax system.
Tree Conservation Fax System
[0080] The present invention relates to a system for monitoring the
conversion of faxes to an electronic format, calculating the
benefits of this with regard to the reduction of paper usage, and
converting paper use reduction into trees saved and carbon credits
gained.
[0081] Everyday corporations around the world unnecessarily print
tens of thousands of fax related documents, whether it be for
sending or receiving, with the majority eventually ending up
directly in land fill sites without any recycling. A high
percentage of this wastage could be avoided if faxes were
maintained in softcopy format without the requirement for hardcopy
versions, this in turn would have an added benefit to the
environment with a reduction in culled trees (for paper generation)
in turn resulting in greater CO.sub.2 sequestration.
[0082] The present invention is a system that can keep a page count
of fax documents that an organisation or individual has received or
sent without the requirement to print any paper; it is all
maintained in softcopy document (TIFF, PDF, MSdoc etc) formats.
With the page count details the system can estimate how many trees
have been spared for paper production over any given time period.
In turn, the system can also estimate the carbon credits resulting
from the tree conservation through the use of the application.
[0083] By way of background, climate change is emerging as one of
the great challenges for modern society. The basic mechanics of
climate change are well understood; the world is warming, much of
the warming is due to human emissions of greenhouse gases, and the
changes are set to accelerate in the future, bringing many and
varied impacts around the world, where e.g. Northern Europe is
predicted to become wetter and the Mediterranean drier.
[0084] Warming increases evaporation and precipitation, and both
aggregate rainfall and occurrences of `heavy precipitation events`
at European latitudes--the principal cause of flooding--has also
increased in recent decades. There is also evidence that the
frequency and intensity of storms is increasing in certain
areas.
[0085] Carbon dioxide is the main contributor responsible for 80%
of emissions from industrialised countries. The gas is released
into the atmosphere primarily from burning fossil fuels: oil,
petrol and natural gas. A growing population coupled with
increasing demands on transport and energy, has led to emissions
increasing at dramatic rates.
[0086] It is well researched that trees absorb CO.sub.2 by the
process of photosynthesis in which solar energy is used to convert
water (absorbed through the roots) and CO.sub.2 (absorbed by the
leaves) into sugars that make up the building blocks of cells and
oxygen that is released through the leaves.
[0087] As trees grow the carbon is stored in its biomass--about 50%
of plant dry matter is carbon. One cubic metre of timber contains
about 250 kg of Carbon.
[0088] Thus, if a system can prevent the culling of trees for paper
generation then the environment may be improved as the spared trees
will continue the sequestration of CO.sub.2.
[0089] The system as shown in FIG. 2 is also enabled to calculate
the number of carbon credits accumulated by a user in a given
period of time by not generating hard copies of faxes. Carbon
credits are used to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released
into the atmosphere. Therefore, in generating carbon credits the
system allows for companies to reduce there CO.sub.2 emissions.
[0090] In summary, the preferred embodiments described above may
provide one, some or all of the following features in any
appropriate combination: [0091] i) Concept of a fax application
platform that can store the number of pages (A4, A3, B4, or letter
size) that were associated with documents in softcopy format that
required no hardcopy printing to complete a transmission or receipt
of a fax document. [0092] ii) System capable of calculating the
number of trees preserved by not printing fax documents for sending
or receiving. This would be calculated by taken the average sized
tree's production of A4 500 page 80 gsm paper reams which is
internationally estimated to be 16 reams. The number of pages is
divided by 30000 to determine the tree preservation. [0093] iii)
System capable of estimating the carbon credits accumulated through
tree sequestration by removal of hardcopy printing. This
calculation would be based on the average trees CO.sub.2
sequestration which is internationally estimated to be worth 0.2 of
a carbon credit. Thus 5 trees might for example equate to
approximately one carbon credit. [0094] iv) Cumulative page count
of sent and received faxes associated with customer accounts.
[0095] v) System capable of supporting multiple customers from the
same platform and thus reducing the energy requirement for
customers to have fax machines switched on and with a further no
print cartridge waste benefit. [0096] vi) System capable of sending
fax documents via telephony or IP without the requirement to print
pages. [0097] vii) System of receiving fax pages with direct
conversion to soft copy documents without requirement to print any
pages.
[0098] It will be understood that the present invention has been
described above purely by way of example, and modifications of
detail can be made within the scope of the invention.
[0099] Each feature disclosed in the description, and (where
appropriate) the claims and drawings may be provided independently
or in any appropriate combination.
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