U.S. patent application number 13/638749 was filed with the patent office on 2013-01-24 for load responsive seat/bed.
The applicant listed for this patent is Steven Corcoran. Invention is credited to Steven Corcoran.
Application Number | 20130020852 13/638749 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42228734 |
Filed Date | 2013-01-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130020852 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Corcoran; Steven |
January 24, 2013 |
LOAD RESPONSIVE SEAT/BED
Abstract
A support section for a seat (2) comprises a load responsive
framework wholly or partially enclosed in amorphous upholstery, the
frame work comprising multiple independently operable load
responsive sub systems which collectively permit the support
section to respond and react to local areas of loading whereby to
provide superior support and comfort to the seat occupant. The
support section may be embodied as the whole or a part of; a seat
back rest and/or a seat base.
Inventors: |
Corcoran; Steven; (Cawood,
GB) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Corcoran; Steven |
Cawood |
|
GB |
|
|
Family ID: |
42228734 |
Appl. No.: |
13/638749 |
Filed: |
August 11, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
August 11, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/GB2010/001520 |
371 Date: |
October 1, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/452.18 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60N 2/5635 20130101;
B60N 2/68 20130101; B60N 2/64 20130101; B60N 2/919 20180201; B60N
2/5628 20130101; B60N 2/667 20150401; B60N 2/2222 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
297/452.18 |
International
Class: |
A47C 7/02 20060101
A47C007/02; A47C 27/08 20060101 A47C027/08; A47C 7/24 20060101
A47C007/24; A47C 7/40 20060101 A47C007/40; A47C 7/18 20060101
A47C007/18 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Mar 31, 2010 |
GB |
1005491.4 |
Claims
1. A support section for a seat comprising a load responsive
framework wholly or partially enclosed in amorphous upholstery, the
frame work comprising multiple independently operable load
responsive sub systems which collectively permit the support
section to respond and react to local areas of loading whereby to
provide superior support and comfort to the seat occupant.
2. A seat comprising one or more support sections as claimed in
claim 1 embodied as the whole or a part of; a seat back rest and/or
a seat base.
3. A seat as claimed in claim 2 wherein the support section is
embodied as a lumbar support of a seat backrest.
4. A seat as claimed in claim 1 comprising an integrated backrest
and seat base, the backrest and seat base both including one or
more support sections.
5. A support section or seat according to claim 1 wherein the
upholstery comprises one or more materials selected from: an energy
absorbent material, a contained fluid and a foam.
6. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 5 wherein a
plurality of different materials are laminated to provide the
upholstery.
7. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 6 wherein the
laminate comprises; an outer cover layer enclosing at least one
foam layer, and a fluid/gel filled layer.
8. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 5 wherein the
fluid/gel filled layer comprises two or more sections in fluid
communication controlled by one or more valves permitting the
redistribution of the fluid/gel between the sections when any one
or more sections is under load.
9. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 8 wherein the
valve or valves are configured to have a different opening pressure
requirement for each of the directions of travel of fluid between
any two sections.
10. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 5 comprising a
foam which is a high density foam.
11. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 5 comprising a
foam which is fire retardant.
12. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 5 wherein in one
or more of the enclosed layers is pressurised.
13. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 5 wherein the
contained fluid is at least partly gaseous.
14. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 13 wherein the
gas comprises oxygen.
15. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 7 wherein the
cover layer is configured to have a low friction surface on the
surface which interfaces with the enclosed layers.
16. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 1 wherein one or
more of the sub systems comprises a position adjustment mechanism
comprising a drive arranged to drive a lead screw in rotation about
the lead screw's central axis; a toothed drive meshing with the
lead screw, rotation of the lead screw causing linear motion of the
toothed drive; the toothed drive independently meshed with a first
gear wheel, linear motion of the toothed drive causing rotation of
the first gear wheel; a second gear wheel meshed with the first
gear wheel, rotation of the first gear wheel in a first direction
causing rotation of the second gear wheel in an opposite direction;
the second gear wheel meshing with a toothed rack, the toothed rack
arranged in parallel alignment with the toothed drive and rotatably
mounted to permit rotational movement about the linear axis of the
toothed rack, rotation of the second gear wheel resulting in linear
travel of the first and second gear wheels and toothed drive along
the length of the toothed rack.
17. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 16 wherein the
position adjustment mechanism further includes a third gear wheel
which meshes with the toothed rack and whilst free to rotate is
fixed in position relative to the second gear wheel.
18. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 17 wherein the
three gear wheels of the position adjustment mechanism are
contained in a casing, the casing adapted not to restrict the
linear motion of the gear wheel system relative to the toothed
rack.
19. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 16 wherein
rotation of the toothed rack in the position adjustment mechanism
is countered by a biasing mechanism.
20. A support section or seat as claimed in claim 16 wherein the
drive for the position adjustment mechanism includes a drive shaft
which is an output shaft of a rotary actuator.
21-67. (canceled)
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to seating, for example but
without limitation; motor vehicle seating, salon seating, seats or
adjustable beds for medical and dental examination, office seating,
child safety seating, lounge seating, gaming chairs and hospital
beds. More particularly, the invention provides a modular system
for providing a load responsive seat/bed which provides a user with
improved comfort and safety when positioned in the seat or bed.
[0002] For simplicity, the term "seat" as used herein should be
construed to include the wide range of seating and bedding referred
to above.
[0003] Modular seats are known, for example in the automotive
industry. Predominately automotive seats are constructed in
individual sections, these being a frame element and a cushion
element. It is clear that the frame and cushion elements in the
prior art are not considered integral with each other. Numerous
examples from the prior art can be drawn upon to illustrate such.
Jackson (US2006125304) illustrates a cushion element which is able
to be incorporated into a frame element and as such Jackson does
not provide an integral solution.
[0004] Steele et at (WO03018353) shows a frame element with a focus
on the ability to fold. Steele et al illustrates the seat frame has
been considered separate to that of the cushion element and in
terms of non-integration is similar Jackson. This philosophy is
again demonstrated with SIEGEL et al (DE10358720) where the focus
is again on a folding frame element as opposed to an integrated
solution which also considers a cushion element as an integral
feature to form an entire seat.
[0005] The non integration illustrated by the prior art typically
results in excessive seat dimensions where the overall seat takes
up a large amount of space in a vehicle as the two elements are
considered separately. This is further demonstrated by Jackson
where the traditional focus on frames independently of comfort
results in the requirement for an additional unit to assist the
user in seat adjustment.
[0006] Particularly in the automotive sector, the requirement for
thin and low weight seating that is also comfortable to the user is
increasingly of paramount concern. For example the dimensions of
the seat dictate the cabin space and consequently the permissible
shape, occupancy space, size and weight of the vehicle and thus the
aerodynamics and overall the fuel efficiency of the vehicle.
[0007] The present invention seeks to address this problem by
providing an integrated seat design where the frame element and
user comfort are considered and resolved in a single compact and
lightweight construction.
[0008] The present invention further seeks to provide modular seat
sections which are actively responsive to loading and which can be
embodied in a compact and lightweight construction.
[0009] In accordance with the present invention there is provided a
support section for a seat comprising a load responsive framework
wholly or partially enclosed in amorphous upholstery, the frame
work comprising multiple independently operable load responsive sub
systems which collectively permit the support section to respond
and react to local areas of loading whereby to provide superior
support and comfort to the seat occupant.
[0010] The support section may be embodied as the whole or a part
of; a seat back rest and/or a seat base.
[0011] A seat in accordance with the invention may comprise an
integrated back rest and seat base, the back rest and seat base
both including one or more support sections.
[0012] The upholstery may comprise one or more materials selected
from: an energy absorbent material, a contained fluid and a foam. A
plurality of different materials may be laminated to provide the
upholstery. For example, the laminate may comprise; an outer cover
layer enclosing at least one foam layer, and a fluid/gel filled
layer. A fluid/gel filled layer optionally comprises two or more
sections in fluid communication controlled by one or more valves
permitting the redistribution of the fluid/gel between the sections
when any one or more sections is under load. Optionally the valve
or valves are configured to have a different opening pressure
requirement for each of the directions of travel of fluid between
any two sections.
[0013] A foam layer may comprise a foam which is a high density
foam or a foam which is fire retardant.
[0014] The enclosed layers may be pressurised. The contained fluid
is optionally at least partly gaseous and may, for example comprise
oxygen.
[0015] Desirably, the cover layer is configured to have a low
friction surface on the surface which interfaces with the enclosed
layers.
[0016] One or more of the sub systems desirably comprises a
position adjustment mechanism comprising a drive arranged to drive
a leadscrew in rotation about the leadscrew's central axis; a
toothed drive meshing with the leadscrew, rotation of the leadscrew
causing linear motion of the toothed drive; the toothed drive
independently meshed with a first gear wheel, linear motion of the
toothed drive causing rotation of the first gear wheel; a second
gear wheel meshed with the first gear wheel, rotation of the first
gear wheel in a first direction causing rotation of the second gear
wheel in an opposite direction; the second gear wheel meshing with
a toothed rack, the toothed rack arranged in parallel alignment
with the toothed drive and rotatably mounted to permit rotational
movement about the linear axis of the toothed rack, rotation of the
second gear wheel resulting in linear travel of the first and
second gear wheels and toothed drive along the length of the
toothed rack.
[0017] The mechanism optionally further includes a third gear wheel
which meshes with the toothed rack and whilst free to rotate is
fixed in position relative to the second gear wheel. The three gear
wheels are desirably contained in a casing, the casing adapted not
to restrict the linear motion of the gear wheel system relative to
the toothed rack.
[0018] Optionally, rotation of the toothed rack is countered by a
biasing mechanism.
[0019] Conveniently two mechanisms of the invention can be
connected by a load responsive linkage which transmits changes in
the applied load to one or both mechanisms whereby to adjust the
linear position of the gear wheels and toothed drive.
[0020] Desirably the load responsive linkage is responsive to
asymmetric loading to adjust the position of each position
adjustment mechanism independently of the other. The load
responsive linkage conveniently comprises a resiliently deformable
material. In specific embodiments the load responsive linkage might
comprise at least in part of a plate or bar of flexible material
incorporating a plurality of cut out channels which, under load can
be caused to close under compression or open under tension.
Optionally the load responsive linkage comprises at least in part
of a spring.
[0021] In one particularly useful application, the linked pair of
mechanisms is embodied in a support frame for a seat, the support
frame comprising a pair of support members arranged substantially
in parallel with the toothed rack and cross plate members extending
between the support members, the support members and cross plate
members together enclosing the paired mechanisms. Desirably the
cross plate members are comprised at least in part of a resiliently
deformable material.
[0022] Preferably the support members are fixed in position and the
cross plates are flexibly linked to the support members. The
flexible link is desirably a resiliently deformable link which
enables the plate members to return to a neutral position with
respect to the support members when the apparatus is not under
load.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the cross plate members are
enclosed in a flexible covering, the covering having a low friction
surface slidably interactible with the cross plate members.
Desirably, a cushioned upholstery layer encloses the flexible
layer.
[0024] The support frame is usefully employed as a back rest for a
car seat.
[0025] The back rest is conveniently linked to a seat base by at
least one gear mechanism configured to enable adjustment of the
angle between the plane of the back rest and the plane of the seat
base. In one embodiment, the gear mechanism comprises an actuator
configured to actuate a first bevel gear, the first bevel gear
meshing with a second bevel gear oriented in a substantially
orthogonal plane to that of the first bevel gear; the second bevel
gear operating a leadscrew carrying a toothed drive nut, the
toothed drive nut configured to move linearly along the leadscrew
as the second bevel gear rotates; a third gear meshing with the
teeth of the toothed drive nut and operable to tilt the leadscrew
relative to an exit shaft rotatably mounted in the seat base
whereby to tilt the seat back relative to the seat base.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the third gear is linked to the
exit shaft by means of a chain of additional interengaging gears,
the last gear in the chain being fixedly mounted to the exit
shaft.
[0027] The means of connection between the backrest and seat base
portions is not essential to the invention and may comprise any of
a permanently fixed, detachably fixed and/or movable connection. In
the presently described embodiment, the seat and the backrest are
moveably connected, for example pivotally connected, whereby the
backrest is movable relative to the seat in a rotational manner
allowing the backrest to be tilted. The rotational motion of the
backrest is facilitated by at least one rotary actuator that can be
located largely within the seat or the backrest, alternatively the
actuator can be located externally.
[0028] The or each rotary actuator may be configured to enable the
backrest to rotate about at least one axis. The backrest and/or
seat optionally further include at least one linear actuator. The
or each linear actuator is employable to increase or decrease the
linear separation between the backrest and the seat for example
(but without limitation) by moving the seat forwards or backwards
independently of the back rest, or the backrest up and down
independently of the seat portion. Thus the modular integrated seat
can be configured to enable both rotational and linear movement of
the seat relative to the backrest and/or of the backrest relative
to the seat.
[0029] The linear and rotary actuators provided in the seat and/or
backrest may be arranged to operate simultaneously allowing the
backrest and/or the seat to move in a combination of linear and/or
rotary motion with respect to each other. Any combination of linear
and rotary actuator may be incorporated into or associated with
either or both of the backrest and seat.
[0030] Furthermore, a linear actuator having a first linear axis
may be located generally towards one side of the backrest or seat
and another having a second linear axis generally towards the
opposite side of the backrest or seat, each linear actuator being
operable to cause linear motion along its own axis independently of
the other. The linear actuators can be pivotally mounted at one or
both ends. With this arrangement, the backrest or seat is able to
be moved generally along the first or second axis depending on
which linear actuator is being operated and/or the relative speeds
of each linear actuator.
[0031] The integrated seat may be connected with a support
structure, for example but without limitation a vehicle body or
support frame for a seat. The nature of the connection is not
essential to the invention and may comprise any of a permanently
fixed, detachably fixed and/or movable connection. The connection
might be made directly between either or both of the back rest and
seat portion. The integrated seat may also have associated
therewith at least one operating mechanism operable to allow the
integrated seat to move linearly and/or rotationally. Again, the
nature of the connection of the operating mechanism with the seat
is not essential to the invention and may comprise any of a
permanently fixed, detachably fixed and/or movable connection.
[0032] The operating mechanism may be permanently fixed, detachably
fixed and/or movably attached to at least one support structure,
for example but without limitation a vehicle body or frame or
mount. The integrated seat is able to be attached to both a
suitable operating mechanism and the at least one support
structure.
[0033] Suitable operating mechanisms are known in the prior art and
it is within the ability of the skilled addressee to adapt these
for use in accordance with the invention. Various examples of
operating mechanisms providing singular movements or combinations
of movements are available in the prior art. One simple and useful
example (without limitation) from the automotive industry is
runners which are commonly used to move a vehicle seat linearly
fore and aft. Mechanisms facilitating the tilt of a back rest
relative to the seat or seat relative to a base; the position of a
lumbar support portion of a back rest and the up down motion of
both back rests and seat portions are also known.
[0034] The seat is desirably provided with at least one or more
operating mechanisms configured to enable the integrated seat
and/or the backrest and/or seat portion to move in a wide range of
dimensions some or all of which are selected from; linearly fore
and aft; linearly up and down; rotationally pitch and roll (to
enable tilt from side to side or front to back) and/or yaw. The
configuration may be arranged to permit any combination of these
movements to be performed simultaneously or independently.
[0035] The operating mechanism(s) may conveniently be embodied as a
link between the seat and backrest portions allowing the singular
or combination of movements to be translated to one or both of the
backrest or seat portion allowing the portions to be repositioned
relative to each other as well as repositioning of the entire
integrated seat in one adjustment. The seat and/or back rest
portion might optionally be disengageable from the operating
mechanism so as to enable independent movement of the seat or back
rest portion.
[0036] Optionally, the backrest is mounted directly to a support
structure by means of an operating mechanism and is able to undergo
rotational and/or linear movement. Therefore the backrest is able
to be attached to the support structure with the seat then attached
to the backrest. Alternatively, the seat is able to be attached to
the support structure. In another option both the seat and back
rest are directly attached to the support structure.
[0037] The support structure may feature at least one actuator
which may be rotary, linear or a combination of the two. A rotary
actuator desirably includes an output shaft able to form in whole
or in part an attachment element to which the backrest and/or the
seat portion and/or integrated seat may be linked. The link may be
anything from (without limitation) a fixed connection, a pivotal
connection, a slidable connection and/or detachable link. The
output shaft may, optionally, provide two attachment elements, the
first being attachable to the seat and the second to the
backrest.
[0038] Each of multiple support structures might include one or
more actuators which are linear or rotary in any combination.
Desirably, rotary actuators are arranged coaxially and share an
axis of rotation with the attachment elements. In this arrangement,
when the at least one rotary actuator largely within a support
structure rotates then the backrest and/or seat rotate.
[0039] Where a linear actuator is also incorporated with the
support structure then the linear actuator and the rotary actuator
can be operated simultaneously or independently. Where two or more
support structures are present with each member having at least one
linear actuator, it is preferred that the linear actuator in each
member can act at different speeds and/or at different times.
Typically but not limited to the linear actuators are able to
feature a suitable pivot point at each end. Pivot points are well
known in the prior art and include (without limitation) a rose type
rod end joint or other such multiple axes coupling or joint.
[0040] Desirably the seat is configured to have at least one rotary
actuator wholly or partially embodied in the seat portion and at
least one linear actuator wholly or partially embodied the back
portion.
[0041] Output shafts of rotary actuators in the seat or backrest
portion may conveniently be arranged coaxially with output shafts
of rotary actuators in the other of the back rest or seat portion.
An output shaft from a rotary actuator associated with the seat is
optionally attached to the first attachment element of the output
shaft of a rotary actuator associated with the support structure; a
rotary actuator in the backrest may be attached to the second
attachment element of the output shaft of the rotary actuator
associated with the support structure. As previously described, all
connections are optionally permanently fixed, detachably fixed
and/or movable connections.
[0042] In the above described arrangement, a rotary actuator in the
seat and/or backrest may be configured to counter rotate the motion
or to rotate in the same direction to the motion of the rotary
input of a rotary actuator of the at least one support structure.
This enables configurations where; the backrest and the seat can
rotate independently of each other and the input of the rotary
actuator of the support structure; or move in combined movement
with the input of the rotary actuator.
[0043] The ability for the seat and/or backrest to counter rotate
allows the seat and/or the backrest to rotate independently and
allows each to maintain a position irrespective of the rotation of
the rotary output shaft or shafts of the rotary actuator of the
support structure.
[0044] In another alternative, a linear actuator may be wholly or
partly embodied in a support structure, a seat portion and/or a
backrest portion. The multiple linear actuators associated with the
seat, backrest and support structures may be configured to extend
and retract independently, in unison, or in groups. For example,
sections of the integrated seat may comprise multiple linear
actuators which can work in unison as a group, but independently of
other actuators or groups of actuators in different sections.
[0045] Optionally, the integrated seat may incorporate one or more
airbags. The air bag(s) may optionally be incorporated in any of or
any combination of the backrest, seat or support structure.
[0046] As mentioned, backrest and/or seat portion may comprise
multiple sections for example (but without limitation), these
sections might include a head rest, a lumbar support, a buttock
support and a thigh support.
[0047] The previously described attachment elements may comprise a
range of different configurations sizes and/or lengths. Most
conveniently (but without limitation) they collectively comprise a
variety of differing diameters and differing lengths.
[0048] The differing lengths and diameters allow the seat and
backrest to be attached to the elements. This attachment
arrangement of rotary actuators of the seat and/or backrest
portions to the output shaft achieves independent rotational
movement of the portions counter to or congruent with the rotation
of the output shaft and the element. Therefore, the at least one
output shaft is able to rotate via the rotation of a transmission
path which includes but is not limited to at least one leadscrew
and at least one gear or toothed shaft.
[0049] The use of a leadscrew allows the rotary actuator to be self
locking in that it will hold a position without the requirement for
continual power. It will also be appreciated that the casing and/or
at least one gear, or shaft, or the saddle is able to be
incorporated and able to interact with at least one stored energy
system. The stored energy system could comprise any of a number of
configurations, for example (but without limitation) includes
springs.
[0050] The Applicant's co-pending international patent application
number PCT GB2010/000250 illustrates the use of springs in a stored
energy system which could be incorporated into seats made in
accordance with the present invention. As an example, the rotary
actuator might incorporate at least one mechanical or other type of
spring whereby movement in a first direction allows energy to be
recovered and stored for use (deployment) in a second direction.
The arrangement can be configured to enable recovery, storage and
deployment at any point or a desired pattern of points in the
movement cycle of the rotary actuator. Such an arrangement is
enabled to be self locking as well as store energy from one
direction for that energy to be deployed in the opposite
direction.
[0051] A support section may be linked to another body, the link
being configured to permit movement relative to the body in any one
or more of three orthogonal linear dimensions, a first dimension
being parallel to the plane of the body. Furthermore, a support
section may be linked to another body, the link being configured to
permit rotational movement relative to the body about any one or
more of three orthogonal axes, a first axis being parallel to the
plane of the body.
[0052] Conveniently, the body is another support section optionally
associated with a different seat section. Alternatively, the body
is a support structure independent of a seat or backrest in which
the support section is embodied; for example but without
limitation; the support structure is selected from; a vehicle body,
a mounting frame or a seat portion not embodying a support section
as previously described.
[0053] The link conveniently comprises at least one rotary actuator
configured to enable adjustment of the angle between the plane of
the back rest or seat base and the plane of the body. Examples of
suitable rotary actuators are further detailed herein.
[0054] One example of a rotary actuator comprises a gear box having
an actuator configured to actuate a first bevel gear, the first
bevel gear meshing with a second bevel gear oriented in a
substantially orthogonal plane to that of the first bevel gear; the
second gear operating a leadscrew carrying a toothed drive nut, the
toothed drive nut configured to move linearly along the leadscrew
as the second bevel gear rotates; a third gear meshing with the
teeth of the toothed drive nut and operable to tilt the leadscrew
relative to an exit shaft rotatably mounted in the body. The third
gear conveniently may be linked to the exit shaft by means of a
chain of additional interengaging gears, the last gear in the chain
being fixedly mounted to the exit shaft.
[0055] In a further example the exit shaft of the rotary actuator
serves as part of the drive mechanism for the already described
linear position adjustment mechanism.
[0056] The rotary actuator optionally incorporates a resilient
means which serves to store energy when the rotary actuator rotates
in a first section and to release energy when the rotary actuator
rotates in an opposite direction to the first direction. Without
limitation, the means may comprise a mechanical spring.
[0057] A linear actuator for moving the section optionally is
comprised of; drive means for driving a drive column in a
rotational motion, a leadscrew configured to rotate as the drive
column rotates, a piston rod axially aligned and meshing with the
leadscrew thread and means for holding the piston rod in a fixed
rotational position relative to the axis of the leadscrew whereby
axial rotation of one of the leadscrew and piston rod relative to
the other of the leadscrew and piston rod results in adjustment of
the relative positions of the piston rod and leadscrew along the
axis of the leadscrew. The means for holding the piston rod in the
fixed position conveniently may comprises at least one longitudinal
recess in the drive column into which slidably engages at least one
circumferentially extending protrusion of the piston.
[0058] The piston rod is desirably but not essentially slidably
mounted through a first gear driven by a motor, the first gear
meshing with a second gear fixed to the drive column whereby on
actuation of the motor, the drive column is caused to rotate and
rotates the leadscrew. In another useful but not essential option,
the linear actuator includes a mounting aperture rotatably
mountable on a shaft. The mounting aperture may conveniently be
mounted on the exit shaft of a rotary actuator.
[0059] Preferably, the frame work incorporates one or more
apertures through which conditioned air can be delivered to the
seat from within the seat. Desirably the seat will further
incorporate a manifold and ducting connecting with the aperture,
the ducting also connecting with an air conditioning system located
externally of the seat, for example within a car body in which the
seat is mounted. Most desirably, there are provided multiple
apertures and a branched system of ducting delivering conditioned
air to each of the multiple of apertures. In addition, one or more
fans may be provided within the ducting to facilitate the drawing
and circulation of the conditioned air to the seat.
[0060] The framework may comprise support members connected by one
or more cross plate members, the linkage between the cross plate
member and support member being comprised of a collar portion of
the cross plate member encircling a pole of the support member, the
pole and collar being rotatably linked by a bearing. Desirably the
collar portion includes a low friction cover on its outermost
surface. Also desirably the pole is hollow allowing for the
circulation of fluids and/or conditioned air through the seat.
[0061] Optionally the hollow pole further includes ribs to
strengthen the support structure.
[0062] A seat or seat section in accordance with the invention
desirably includes adjustment means for adjusting the stiffness of
the section and/or load range within which section responds.
[0063] A seat base embodying the invention optionally has a
framework comprising support members connected by one or more cross
plate members, upholstery is provided on an outer facing surface of
the cross plate member(s) and a sprung plate is resiliently biased
against the inner facing surface of the cross plate member(s). The
seat base will optionally further include at least one mechanism
for adjusting the height and/or orientation of the seat base, the
mechanism being enclosed by the frame work and a transfer board for
transferring loads applied by the mechanism to the cross plate
member via the sprung plate. Desirably the mechanism is a dual
purpose lift and tilt mechanism.
[0064] Conveniently, the mechanism can comprise a lifting cam.
[0065] The sprung plate can conveniently comprise an arcuate
section of resiliently deformable material anchored to the support
members.
[0066] A seat comprising one or more support sections may further
include a locking mechanism for locking one or more components of
the seat in position.
[0067] In one preferred embodiment, the lock comprises; a leadscrew
mounted in bearings, the leadscrew driven by an actuator and
meshing with a toothed drive rack, the toothed drive rack carrying
in a locking pin which on actuation of the leadscrew is caused to
move axially along the leadscrew axis whereby to engage or
disengage with a component to be locked or unlocked.
[0068] In an alternative desirable embodiment, the lock comprises;
a leadscrew mounted in bearings, the leadscrew driven by an
actuator and meshing with a screw threaded collar, the collar
carrying multiple locking pins which on actuation of the leadscrew
are caused to move axially along the leadscrew axis whereby to
engage or disengage with one or more components to be locked or
unlocked.
[0069] The locking mechanism may conveniently be used to lock the
back rest to the seat base.
[0070] By suitable choice of material and adjustment of the
parameters of the described connecting and actuating components a
seat constructed of the modular seat support sections as described
and interconnected as described can be configured to provide
optimum comfort and support to the user as well as increased
protection in reaction to a sudden and unexpected change in loading
conditions on the seat, incurred, for example, when a vehicle in
which the seat is employed is involved in a collision.
[0071] Furthermore, the integrated seat construction as described
in accordance with the invention permits the realisation of an
ultra thin seat which in turn yields increased cabin space and
reduced vehicle weight which in turn allows more flexibility in the
optimisation of the design of the exterior of a vehicle as well as
facilitating an overall reduction in the vehicles overall size if
required. Benefits of this added flexibility to the design of the
vehicle enables a vehicle to be optimised not only to reduce the
pollution generated by the vehicle (and consequent environmental
damage) when the vehicle is used, but also environmental pollution
that would otherwise be generated during the industrial scale
manufacture and distribution of vehicles compared to prior known
vehicle designs.
[0072] Some embodiments of the invention will now be described by
way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which:
[0073] FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the seat and backrest with the
backrest folded flat
[0074] FIG. 2 shows a side view of a typically rotary actuator
[0075] FIG. 3 shows a side view of a rotary actuator adapted for
linear motion
[0076] FIG. 4 shows a side view of a linear actuator
[0077] FIG. 5A shows a side view of a member
[0078] FIG. 5B; a side view of a double acting member with linear
actuator
[0079] FIG. 6 shows a front view of a folding backrest
[0080] FIG. 7 shows a front view of a backrest with ventilation,
heating and cooling
[0081] FIG. 8A shows a top view of the backrest
[0082] FIG. 8B shows a close up of the backrest frame and comfort
systems
[0083] FIG. 9A; shows a front view of a seat base in accordance
with the invention
[0084] FIG. 9B; shows the seat base of FIG. 9A in more detail
[0085] FIG. 10A: shows a first embodiment of a locking mechanism
for use in the invention
[0086] FIG. 10B: shows a second embodiment of a locking mechanism
for use in the invention
[0087] FIG. 11; shows a plan view of the seat base of FIGS. 9A and
9B in cutaway
[0088] FIG. 12; shows a plan view of the seat base of FIGS. 9A and
9B
[0089] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an integrated seat 1
which consists of a seat portion 3 and a backrest portion 2. The
seat 3 and backrest 2 portions are modular and can be used
independently of each other in combination with other
configurations of seat or backrest portion. The Figure shows the
seat 3 and the backrest 2 in a plan view with the backrest 2
reclined relative to the seat 3.
[0090] FIG. 2 illustrates a rotary actuator 6 however any suitable
type of rotary actuator is able to be used. This particular format
of rotary actuator is taken from the Applicant's co-pending
international patent application number PCT GB2010/000250. The
rotary actuator 6 consists of a casing 36 which can house the inner
workings of the rotary actuator. The casing contains an actuator 8
attached to a gear 10 and typically but not limited to the actuator
8 is an electric motor but it could equally be a manually driven
actuator. The gear 10 in this case (but without limitation) is a
bevel gear which is meshed with a further bevel gear 12 which is in
turn attached to a leadscrew 34 such that the rotation of the
actuator 8 results in the rotation of the gears 10 and 12 and the
leadscrew 34. The leadscrew can be mounted on at least one bearing
26.
[0091] The actuator 8 is able to be at any angle and it is able to
be attached directly to the leadscrew 34 without the requirement
for any gears. Alternatively (and as shown) the actuator 8 can be
connected to the leadscrew 34 by at least one gear. Where more than
one gear is employed, they are able to be of different sizes. The
gear 12 is also able to be integrated with the leadscrew 34. Meshed
with the leadscrew 34 is a toothed saddle 32, where the toothed
saddle is further meshed with the toothed end shaft 30 such that
rotation of the leadscrew moves the saddle 32 along its axis in the
first or second direction depending on the rotational direction of
the motor 8. Linear motion of the saddle is translated to
rotational motion of the shaft 30 by the meshed relationship
between the saddle 32 and the shaft 30. The shaft 30 is attached or
integrated with the gear 14 where the shaft 30 and gear 14 are held
rotationally free in the casing via at least one bearing 28 and
16.
[0092] The gear 14 is in this case (but without limitation)
arranged to mesh with gear 22. Gear 22 is integrated with or
attached to the shaft 18 and held in a fixed position in the casing
but is free to rotate by means of bearings 20 and 24. As the motor
8 rotates and the toothed saddle 32 moves linearly as described
above, the consequent rotation of the shaft 30 rotates the gear 14
and through its meshed relationship with gear 22 also rotates gear
22 which in turn rotates the output shaft 18.
[0093] The output shaft 18 is able to be an extension to the
toothed shaft 30. In such an embodiment (not illustrated) the
rotary actuator would function as has been described above, yet
feature two output shafts; the rotation of the actuator 8 via a
leadscrew and toothed shaft and/or a gear would rotate the output
shaft 18 as well as the output shaft extension to the shaft 30. It
will be appreciated that the shafts 30 and 18 would rotate in
opposite directions but this is able to be addressed with the
inclusion of a further gear in a meshed arrangement with and
between gears 14 and 22. In this case, both shafts 30, 18 would be
self locking.
[0094] In an alternative embodiment, the rotary actuator 8 in FIG.
2 can have a singular output shaft, the singular output shaft being
the extension to the shaft 30. In such an arrangement it will be
appreciated that gears 22 and 14 as well as the shaft and bearings
20, 24 and 18 would not be required.
[0095] The at least one output shaft 18 of the rotary actuator 6
has two attachment elements, a first attachment element 124 and
second attachment element 122 (as can be seen in FIG. 5). The
arrangement of the first and second elements 124, 122 furbishes the
backrest and/or seat with the capability to attach to the output
shaft 18 with their own rotary actuators 6 and as such achieve
independent rotational movement counter to, or congruent with, the
rotation of shaft 18 and at least one element 124, 122.
[0096] The output shaft 18 is able to rotate through a transmission
path which in this case comprises (but is not to limited to) a
leadscrew and at least one gear or toothed shaft. The use of a
leadscrew allows the rotary actuator 6 to be self locking in that
it will hold a position without the requirement for continual
power. As detailed above, the casing 36 and/or gear(s), shaft(s) or
saddle 32 may be arranged to incorporate and/or interact with a
stored energy system which, for example, comprises substantially of
springs.
[0097] FIG. 3 illustrates a second embodiment of the rotary
actuator. In this embodiment, the rotary actuator 40 works in much
the same manner as that of the first embodiment and all the
functions and/or features (optional or otherwise) described in
relation to that embodiment can equally be applied to this one. The
rotary actuator 40, however, has been adapted for linear motion as
will now be described.
[0098] The rotary actuator 40 has a casing 54 which allows the
retention of components therein and operation of one or more gears,
toothed shafts and/or leadscrews as previously described for the
first embodiment. The actuator 40 typically is driven by a motor
64, for example an electric motor, but alternatively may be a
manual system. The actuator 64 incorporates a gearbox 68 which
attached (fixedly or detachably) to the motor 64. The gearbox 68
has an output shaft to which is engaged with a gear 70.
[0099] The gear 70 meshes with gear 72 and rotation of the motor 64
results in rotation of the gearbox 68 and the rotation of the gears
70 and 72. The gear 72 engages with the leadscrew 62 where the
leadscrew 62 can be held within the casing via a bearing or
bearings 60. The leadscrew is meshed with the tooth saddle 66 which
engages with the saddle spur 58. Rotation of the motor 64 rotates
the leadscrew 62 via its relation to the gear 72 causing the saddle
66 and spur 58 to move linearly along the length of the lead screw
62.
[0100] The spur 58 meshes with the gear 56 which engages with the
shaft 76 located on a bearing or bearings 74. The gear 56 meshes
with the gear 50 which engages with the shaft 78 located on a
bearing or bearings 52. All bearings are held by and or within the
casing 54. The casing 54 features a gap 48 between the gears 50 and
44, the gap is used to place a rotationally mounted toothed rack
such as 170, 154, 136 or 182 through which meshes with the gears 50
and 44. An example of the at least one toothed rack 154 can be seen
in FIG. 6.
[0101] The toothed rack can be configured to include double side
gear teeth which mesh with the gears 50 and 44. Gear 44 engages
with the shaft 42 which is located on a bearing or bearings 46.
Therefore, as the motor 64 rotates and moves the saddle 66 and spur
58 linearly along the axis of the leadscrew 62, the saddle 66 via
its meshed relationship with the gear 56 rotates gear 56 which in
turn rotates gear 50. As gear 50 rotates it and the casing 54 will
move linearly along the axis of the toothed rack 154. The gear 44
via its meshed relationship with the toothed rack 154 will rotate
as the casing 54 moves linearly along the axis of the toothed rack
154 and via the relationship between the casing and the gears 50
and 44 the meshed relationship with the tooth rack 154 is
maintained.
[0102] FIG. 4 shows a linear actuator 80. The form of the linear
actuator is not important but one configuration which has useful
application in this invention is the Applicant's own linear
actuator as described in co pending international patent
application number PCT/GB2010/000261. The linear actuator 80 may
incorporate its own case or be incorporated into a support
structure such as a vehicle, frame or mount, the support structure
serving as the casing. In the embodiment shown, actuator 80 has its
own casing.
[0103] The casing is engageable with the at least one output shaft
of the rotary actuator 6 and can be further adapted to attach
fixedly, removably and/or movably to at least one of the attachment
elements 122 and 124 (seen in FIG. 5) of an output shaft of the
rotary actuator 6.
[0104] The linear actuator 80 features a piston rod 106 which is
attachable to the integrated seat, optionally by one or both of the
seat or the backrest portion. The piston rod 106 is meshed with a
leadscrew 82 which is attached or integrated to the drive column
90. The piston has at least one protrusion 88 which in this
arrangement engages slot 86 located in an inner drive column 92.
The drive column 92 is located on bearing 84. The linear actuator
80 features an electric motor 102 although a manual actuator could
also be used. The motor 102 is attached to a gear 104 such that
when the actuator 102 rotates, the gear 104 rotates. The gear 104
meshes with a corresponding gear on the drive column 92 and as such
the drive column 92 will rotate as a result of the motor 102
rotating.
[0105] The rotation of the drive column 92 in turn rotates the
leadscrew 82 and via its meshed relationship with the piston 106,
the piston 106 extends with the protrusion 88 keeping the piston
rod 106 in the correct orientation.
[0106] Attachment of the linear actuator can conveniently be
achieved with a multi-axis joint such as a rod end.
[0107] FIG. 5 illustrates the support structure 120 which in the
example shown is embodied as a mount. The rotary actuator 6 is
engaged with the mount 126 to form the support structure 120. As is
shown, the mount 126 is provided with a plurality of small
apertures around its perimeter allowing it to be mounted in a
suitable location. In an option, the mount can incorporate at least
one linear actuator 80. As mentioned, the mount may be incorporated
into a support structure such as a vehicle body, seat frame or
other surrounding structure.
[0108] The mount 126 allows exit shafts (18, 30) to exit at
different locations. In a manner as already described above in
relation to other shafts, the exit shafts 18, 30 feature attachment
elements 124 and 122. In a preferred arrangement, element 124 is
larger than element 122. Either attachment element is able to
define a bore. Linear actuator 80 is able to be attached to the
shaft 18 and an element 124. It is shown that the shaft 18 has two
linear actuators 80 and these are able to be connected to the
integrated seat or the seat or the backrest as is the actuator 80
shown for the second shaft 30.
[0109] The linear actuators allow the seat or integrated seat or
backrest to move linearly whilst the rotary actuator allows the
linear actuators for move rotationally and thus the seat or the
integrated seat or the backrest is able to move with relation to
rotational input and linear input of the respective components.
[0110] FIG. 6 illustrates the first embodiment of the backrest 2,
FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 illustrate a further embodiment. It is to be
appreciated that all embodiments comprise an assembly of modular
components, the modular components are interchangeable between
embodiments providing for a significant number of further design
variations as alternative embodiments without departing from the
scope of the invention as claimed herein.
[0111] FIG. 6 illustrates the backrest in a front view and without
any fabrics such as covers or cushioning or other such comfort
related detail as this will be described later.
[0112] The backrest features a pair of actuators 6. Typically these
are rotary actuators and are arranged in coaxial alignment with
each other. An actuator includes an exit shaft which allows the
rotary actuator to be connected to a seat portion or directly to a
support structure such as a vehicle body, frame or mount.
[0113] Rotation of one or both actuators 6 rotates the backrest
around the associated exit shaft axis, in the case shown, this is
the shared axis of the coaxially aligned actuators. As illustrated,
the actuators 6 are integrated with a frame 188, 132 of the
backrest as described later. As is illustrated the backrest may
feature at least one frame per section and at least one section. In
one convenient embodiment as shown, the backrest 2 features two
frames per section with frames 132 and 188 in the bottom section,
and 150 and 166 in the top section.
[0114] Operation of rotary actuators 6 rotates at least one section
(and desirably all the sections) of the backrest 2 around the exit
shaft(s) axis. The rotary actuators 6 as illustrated are able to be
connected with each other in a fixed, integrated, detachable and or
movable relationship to form a first rotary unit 130. The first
rotary unit 130 is connected in a fixed, integrated, detachable and
or movable relationship with one or both frames 132 and 188. The
rotary unit 130 may be configured to incorporate any or all of the
functions and features and configurations as already described for
rotary actuator 6. For example, the unit 130 may include multiple
exit shafts connected to or integrated with a support structure
such; as seat, vehicle body, frame and/or mount.
[0115] The frames 132 and 188 are each in operable communication
plate 134 which consists of at least one material and incorporates
a flexural capacity and/or reaction capacity. Multiple materials
may be used each at various regions of the plate and individually
providing different flexural capacity and/or reactions in those
regions. Desirably two plates 134 are incorporated in a section.
Preferred plate configurations 134 are described in more detail
later.
[0116] A plate 134 incorporates slots 138 and 184 as shown, though
the quantity of slots is not essential. The plate 134 further
incorporates a low covering 186. Desirably the covering has a low
friction surface. Optionally, the covering features a foil or other
highly polished surface.
[0117] Under the covering is a cross member connected in a fixed,
integrated, detachable and or movable relationship with one or more
rotary actuator 40. As has been previously described the rotary
actuators 40 are able to move linearly along respective toothed
racks 136 and 182. As the rotary actuators move linearly in the
first and second direction so the cross member to which they are
attached moves in the first and second direction.
[0118] The connection between the cross member and rotary actuator
40 is preferably a flexible column which locates through the slots
136 and 184 respectively. The cross member is desirably configured
to be whether by construction or choice of material or a
combination of both. Most desirably the cross member is resiliently
flexible, that is it has a neutral form to which it is able to
return when not under load.
[0119] In the integrated seat, each frame and or section
incorporates one more toothed racks.
[0120] Most conveniently but without limitation, the toothed
rack(s) is rotatably mounted to a frame and able to rotate about
its axis. In an exemplary embodiment, at least one bearing is
located at each end of the toothed rack to allow low friction
rotation. A sprung element is desirably associated with the
rotatable mounting and is able to resist or assist the rotation of
the toothed rack around its axis. For example, the sprung element
could be a mechanical spring (of which many suitable alternatives
are known in the prior art and could be selected by the skilled
addressee.)
[0121] In one suitable arrangement, one end of the spring is
captivated in the frame and the other end is attached to the
toothed rack. Therefore if the toothed rack rotates from its centre
position where no rotational load is exerted on the spring then if
the toothed rack moves in the first or second direction then the
spring resists the rotation. However if the toothed rack moves in
the first or second direction and begins to reposition itself to
its neutral, centre position, the spring assists that return
rotation of the toothed rack.
[0122] Typically the at least one plate 134 is able to flex as
referenced above and as further referenced detail will be given
later. However and to understand the manner in which the cross
member and toothed rack operates some plate operation will be
described. Typically but not limited to the at least one cross
member 176 (generally toward the lower part of the backrest) serves
a lumbar support. This lumbar support will typically receive the
primary part the load exerted by an occupant of the seat in which
the back rest is incorporated.
[0123] In use, as a load is applied the cross member will receive
that load and start to flex in a first direction, sharing and
transmitting that load with at least one plate and at least one
sprung element via the at least one flexible column as described,
and consequently the rotary actuator 40.
[0124] As a load is applied and generally increases, the at least
one plate as part of the assembly including the at least one cross
member, the at least one flexible column attaching it to the at
least one rotary actuator and the at least one toothed rack and at
least one sprung element thereof described above, flexes in the
first direction.
[0125] The flexing of the plate allows the cross member to flex in
the first direction. The flexure of the cross member places a load
through the flexible columns which will also flex in the first
direction and into the at least one rotary actuator 40. The rotary
actuator 40 receives a load via the plate which transmits a load to
the actuator casings. The load placed onto the rotary actuator
moves the actuator in the first direction applying a rotational
force to the toothed racks 136 and or 182. This rotational force
will cause the toothed rack(s) to move in the first direction, this
motion is resisted by the at least one sprung element.
[0126] The combination of components is repeated throughout the
back rest in the multiple sections providing a completely sprung
backrest system. This provides a backrest which can react to
changes in the load applied to the back rest. Furthermore, where
the load is not evenly distributed, sections of the backrest
respond to local loading rather than an average load on the
backrest.
[0127] The backrest is conveniently (but not essentially)
configured such that an applied load will result in movement of the
assembled backrest generally in a first direction whereby to absorb
the load, and a responsive load provided by the sprung system
incorporated into the backrest movement in a second direction is
configured to counter the load with an equal or amplified force
which is transmitted back to the in the second direction.
Desirably, the backrest sprung system is configured to act (i.e.
flex more quickly) in the first direction and slower (i.e. return
back to its neutral position) in the second direction. There are
various ways of accomplishing this and these will be discussed in
more detail later in the discussion that follows.
[0128] It will be appreciated that the actuator 40 acts both to
assist in the sprung nature of the seat and has to act in
facilitating relative rotational movement between components. The
actuator 40 is attached to the flexible column which is located
through a channel 138. Therefore as the plate moves, the relative
position of the rotary actuator and thus flexible column changes
with relation to the plate and channel. Therefore, in order that
the operation of the rotary actuator 40 results in the linear
movement of the cross member, the rotary actuator 40 must be
allowed to move relative to the at least one plate. As described,
this is facilitated by the incorporation of the toothed rack which
has rotational capability and is sprung and serves both to assist
the flexure of the plate and in assisting in provision of a
reactive load by the backrest sprung system.
[0129] FIG. 6 further shows that each frame 132 and 188 is able to
serve as a frame for a support structure 120 and as described in
FIG. 5 incorporates at least a linear actuator and a rotary
actuator. Support structures 120 are attached to at least one upper
and at least one lower frame. In this case the support structures
are encapsulated with the upper frames 150 and 166 and the lower
frames 132 and 188 respectively of the illustrated backrest.
[0130] The two support structures 120 are coaxially located.
Conveniently, the linear actuators in this case are attached to the
rotary actuator of the support structure 120 via a rotational
attachment element 144. The rotational element 144 allows the
rotary actuator to rotate about its axis. It is also clear from the
illustration that the rotary actuator 40 utilises a different
orientation for the motor of the linear actuator. In this
configuration the motor is inline and not at 90 degrees as that
which is illustrated in FIG. 5. The skilled addressee will
appreciate that the motor can be placed in any of a number of
suitable alternative orientations.
[0131] Rotational element 144 allows the support structure 120
situated above it to pivot relative to the frame. In this case the
frame is embodied an upper section. The upper section consists in
this case of two frame sections 150 and 166. Therefore the ability
of the rotary actuator 40 to pivot about the axis of the rotational
attachment element 144 means that the frame section 150 and 166 are
able to pivot about the axis of the element 144
[0132] The ability of the support structure and frame to pivot
relative to each other as described above enables the frame section
such as 150, 166 as well as 132 and 188 to flex. This flexibility
operates in parallel with the sprung systems already described for
the backrest section. The degree of flexure of the frame section
can be designed by suitable choice of materials, shapes, etc. For a
vehicle car seat, it is appropriate to select materials and design
to configure the frame section to flex only in high load situations
such as those that might be encountered in a collision at speed. It
is within the abilities of the skilled reader to select appropriate
materials and adjust design parameters of the inventive concept to
adapt the seat for use in a desired loading situation.
[0133] The at least one member 120 is partially able to rotate
about the at least one element 144 and as such the linear actuator
of the member 120 will remain stationary, that is, free from
rotation. It is also relevant that the at least one element 144 is
able to feature a sprung element that is able to feature all the
same functions and features as the sprung element attached to the
at least one toothed rack and thus these functions and features
will not be repeated. Typically the sprung element and the flexure
of the backrest as well as the backrest sprung components combine
to provide both comfort and crash protection to the occupant.
[0134] In this case and as illustrated the upper backrest section
is indicated by the two support structures 120 and the frame
sections 166 and 150. When the members operate rotationally the
associated upper backrest section rotates around the axis of the
support structures 120 in a first and second direction. When the
linear actuators operate the section is able to move away or draw
closer to the associated lower backrest section represented by the
frame sections 132 and 188. Therefore operation of a linear
actuator of the support structure 120 is able to move the upper
section in the respective first and second linear direction.
[0135] The upper backrest section is able to feature all the same
functions and features as the described lower backrest section.
Whereby all the backrest sprung components such as the plate 156
(134), the channels 160 (138) and 164 (184) and the cross member
162 (176) as well as the toothed racks 154 (136) and 170 (182) and
the rotary actuators 40 and cover 148 (186) all operate in the same
manner as the same components as described in relation to the lower
backrest portion. (For avoidance of doubt the at least one lower
backrest sprung components identifiers have been given in brackets
in the above text and are of the same name.)
[0136] FIG. 7 illustrates a further embodiment of the backrest and
as has been previously described all the functions and features
from either FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 are able to be used in the at least
one backrest 2 as required. The backrest in FIG. 7 is shown without
any covers and or cushioning. These upholstery features are
described later in the patent.
[0137] In this case the backrest has two frame sections 132 and 188
and has only one backrest section whereby the frames are
continuous. The backrest in this case has two plates 134 and 156.
The plates have all the same functions and features as has been
highlighted previously for the other back rest section. FIG. 7
illustrates the further features of an aperture 198 in a plate 134,
156. Furthermore, the backrest has a manifold 212 and ducting 210.
The backrest further has a delivery duct 200 and a further delivery
duct 204. It will be appreciated that the backrest may comprise
module multiple modules and a multiple of the described components.
Within each duct is at least one fan, in the case of the duct 200,
a fan 192 is located within the duct and in the case of duct 204 a
fan 194 is located.
[0138] Conveniently (but without limitation), the ducting may be
provided in a branched arrangement each delivery duct having at
least one delivery branch, as shown, the duct 200 has a branch 202
and the duct 204 has a branch 196.
[0139] The ducting 210 may be connected to an air conditioning
system, for example, the air conditioning system of a motor vehicle
in which the seat is situated. The ducting allows conditioned air
(heated or cooled and or filtered) to enter the manifold. The
manifold in this embodiment consist of an electric motor attached
to a cylinder with at least one orifice. The electric motor rotates
the cylinder such that an orifice is aligned with at least one of
ducts 204, 200.
[0140] The ducting 210 is able to be a multiple channel duct and
thus able to deliver different types of conditioned air to the
manifold such as hot air and cold air. The cylinder receives the
multi-channel delivered air and via rotation and alignment of the
orifices with the channels and ducts, supplies air to the ducts
200, 204, for example warm air to one duct 200 and cold air to the
other duct 204.
[0141] Taking ducting 200, the air once delivered will be boosted
and or circulated by the fan 192. The fan will assist in the air
being drawn up the ducting and then distributed through branch
duct(s) 202 where it will exit via the apertures. Once the air
exits the holes it will enter the cushion materials and defuse such
that the occupant is heated or cooled in at least one region. In
this case the at least one region is the upper plate 156, however
each plate is able to feature multiple regions and typically each
plate will feature at least two regions. Each region via the
manifold and channel ducting such as 200 and 204 is able to receive
differently conditioned (eg, warm or cool; scented, humidified,
filtered) air. For example, the air in one region may be heated and
scented, the air in another cooled with particles removed such as
pollen.
[0142] The same is true of second duct 204. The air once delivered
will be boosted and or circulated by the fan 194. The fan will
assist in the air being drawn up the ducting and then distributed
through branch duct 196 where will exit via the apertures.
[0143] Once the air exits the holes it will enter the cushion
materials and defuse such that the occupant is heated or cooled in
at least one region. In this case the region is the lower plate
134.
[0144] The ducting 200 and 204 as well as the branching 196 and 202
desirably comprises a flexible material, for example a variant of
rubber. The ducting and the branch is attached to a plate, for
example via a bonding agent such as an adhesive. The backrest may
include a heater element 208 and this is able to be attached to the
plate or to be integrated within the fabric coverings of the
backrest and or within the cushioning materials. It is further
apparent that the fans 192 and 196 are able to operate without the
influx of air or conditioned air via the manifold 212. In this case
the ducting 200 and 204 is able to be left open and not closed by
the manifold 212 and ducting 210 and therefore when the fans
operate, they will circulate air around the ducting 200 and 204
drawn in at the ambient room or in vehicle air temperature. In the
case of a vehicle, an air duct from the vehicle is able to be
placed near the opening to the ducting 200 and 204 such that the
operation of the fan will draw in air circulating in the
vehicle.
[0145] FIG. 8A shows a plan view of the backrest, FIG. 8B contains
an expanded view of a backrest frame so that detail is able to be
seen and referenced effectively. In this view the at least one
plate 156 is shown, however, this figure and the functions and
features described herein can apply to any plate incorporated in
the modular seat arrangement of the invention.
[0146] The plan view shows the plate with a sprung section. The
plate shown has four sprung sections 220A, 220B, 222A and 222B.
These sprung sections are typically shaped sections and typically
but not limited to will be a V type shape, but any suitable shape
will be acceptable.
[0147] The view also shows the rotary actuators 40 described
earlier. A first connection has already been described in relation
to the rotary actuator. In addition, a second connection can be
used, the second connection attached (again the mode of attachment
is not limited). In this embodiment, the second connection 224 is
attached to both rotary actuators 40 and is a sprung connection.
The material of the connection can be selected to respond (i.e.
flex) only to predetermined loading situations.
[0148] The connection 224 connects with the blocks 226A and 226B,
the material of which is again selected to respond (i.e. flex) only
to predetermined loading situations. In this case but without
limitation, the blocks will be a form of rubber. Typically the
connection 224 passes through the blocks 226A and 226B. Duct 200 as
described above, is also illustrated with branch 202.
[0149] It will be apparent to someone skilled in the art that the
connection 224 is able to cross the ducting without entering the
ducting and therefore the ducting is able to be in one continuous
piece with or without a branch such as 202. Desirably, the ducting
has a shaped section which in this example (but without limitation)
is formed similar to an "n" section, this allows the connection 224
to pass through the effective path of the ducting without entering
the ducting.
[0150] The backrest is desirably covered in one or more layers of
upholstery. The layers may comprise any combination of materials
with characteristics selected from; cushioning; energy absorbency
and deformabilty. An outermost fabric layer provides aesthetic
appearance and comfort on touch. In this case the section of the
backrest has an outer fabric 242 which typically surrounds the
entire backrest. Underneath the outer fabric is at least one foam
layer 214 and a confined fluid (for example gel filled) layer 216,
finally in this embodiment, a layer of high density foam 218 is
also provided.
[0151] In a preferred example, gel is in a sealed unit, the sealed
unit enclosing at least one section. The sealed unit may contain
one or more valve or valve like elements. The valve like element of
a first section is able to allow gel or other fluid to move into at
least one other second section depending on the amount of pressure
applied to that first section. Typically but not limited to each
section is able to feature at least one valve or valve like element
that is able to open in a first direction and or at least one valve
or valve like element that is able to open in a second direction
and or at least one valve or valve like element that is able to
open in a first or second direction.
[0152] Typically but not limited to the at least one valve or valve
element in the at least one section is able to have a different
opening pressure requirement in the first and or second direction.
Typically but not limited to at least one first valve or valve
element is able to have a different opening pressure requirement in
the first and or second direction to that of a second at least one
valve or valve element in the same at least one section.
[0153] FIG. 8B illustrates the at least one plate 156 of the at
least one backrest section as described above with the at least one
sprung section 222B. The plate has at least one collar 240 which is
able to be permanently or removably and or movably attached or
integrated to the at least one frame section 132. Between the at
least one frame section and the at least one collar is typically
but not limited to bearing 238. Typically but not limited to the
bearing is a nylon or other such plain bearing. Typically but not
limited to the collar is moveably attached to the frame and the
movement is around the axis of the frame and aided to be low
friction via the bearing 238.
[0154] Around the outer of the plate collar 240 is typically an
over cover 244, this is to allow a low friction surface against the
inner of the fabric cover 242 and prevent any lubricates from
touching the fabric. The at least one frame section and in this
case but not limited to 132 is able to feature several internal
components that are able to assist the at least one frame section
with strength and or designed in flexure and or other features and
functions such as ventilation and or wiring looms and or other such
aspects. This represents internal multi-usage layout allows the
frame to be as compact and space efficient as possible.
[0155] In this case but not limited to three different internal
components are illustrated, the first is the top centre unit 232.
The top centre unit is located at the top and bottom of the
internal space and integrates or attaches the frame permanently or
removably to the ribs 234 and 230 and typically but not limited two
ribs 230 are used either side of the rib 234. Typically but not
limited to the centre components are permanently or removably
attached and or integrated to each other. The connection provided
by the component 232 allows forces to be transmitted effectively to
the at least one ribs 234 and 230. The ribs are then able to add
strength to the frame and or as stated be designed such that the
frame is allowed to flex under certain conditions and or loads and
in certain directions against those loads.
[0156] The channels created by the at least one rib and the top
centre component 230, 234 and 232 respectively allow for
compressible or incompressible fluid, conditioned or otherwise, to
be distributed through the frame, this can be used for many
different applications. Typically conditioned air is distributed
throughout the frame and exits the frame via at least one orifice.
Each channel is able to deliver conditioned air to at least one
region and typically each channel delivers the air to a different
region. The at least one channel and at least one orifice is able
to be connected to the at least one branch such as 202 sufficient
to allow compressible or non-compressible fluid to flow. It is
possible for different types of compressible or non-compressible
fluid to be in different channels or be in the same channel at
different sections where typically each channel is able to feature
fluid separators that seal at least one section of at least one
channel from at least one other section of the same channel.
[0157] Furthermore the non-compressible fluid is able to be fire
retardant foam or other such fire retardant such that in the case
of a fire in the vehicle or chair or other such the
non-compressible fluid is able to exit the at least one channel and
or at least one frame section of extinguish or limit the fire.
[0158] This is also true in terms of terms of compressible fluid in
that an inert gas is able to be located in the at least one channel
and or frame and exit the frame under certain conditions.
[0159] Furthermore the non-compressible fluid is able to be
pressurised or other such to add strength and or different
properties to the least one frame. Further still, the compressible
fluid is able to be oxygen and as such oxygen is able to be
circulated through the at least one channel and exit via at least
one orifice in the frame and or via the orifice into the at least
one branch such as 202. This ability to delivery oxygen in such a
way is able to encapsulate the occupant in an oxygen enriched
atmosphere which is able to for instance heighten driver response
or for instance allow an elderly or low mobility occupant to forego
the wearing of an oxygen mask. Other compressible fluids are able
to be delivered in this manner include those that are able to serve
a stimulant or relaxant affect to the occupant. The method is
further able to be applied to other forms of drug delivery include
the placement of particulates in the compressible fluid to be
inhaled by the occupant.
[0160] With reference to FIGS. 8A and 8B the at least one plate has
been previously referenced in FIG. 6 with relation to the backrests
ability to flex and all the functions and features thereof are able
to be additional to all functions and features added to with those
described herein. As has been previously described the coverings
such as 214, 216 242 and 218 are able to be placed over the at
least one plate and as such the cross member as described in FIG. 6
would be located underneath at least one of the coverings as
referenced and typically all the coverings as referenced.
[0161] Therefore as the occupant places pressure on the coverings,
so they will place pressure on the at least one plate and the at
least one cross member. As previously described this pressure is
able to make the cross member and or plate flex inline with the
designed in and or material characteristics as well as the relative
flexure capabilities and properties of the other backrest sprung
components. In this case and additional to that previously
discussed, as the at least one plate start to flex, the shaped
channels such as 220A, 220B, 222A and 222B will generally either
open further or close and thus they will move in their respective
first directions. Typically the shaped channels 220A and 222A will
close but the channels 222B and 220B will open depending on the
overall pressure and their design and when pressure is released
they will move in the second direction which means one inner
channels open and the outer channels close. Therefore the relative
stiffness or flexure of the at least one shaped channel will
directly effect the movement of the at least one plate and all
other backrest strung components.
[0162] Under further examination, as the pressure is applied to the
coverings the at least two inner channels 220A and 222A will close
and this at first opens the at least one corresponding outer shaped
channel 220B and 222B. However, as the pressure increases and the
inner channels close further, the outer channels will being to open
further as the at least one collar 240 will begin to slidably
rotate around the at least one frame axis moving in its respective
first direction and when pressure is released the collar will move
in the second direction. Therefore the sprung action is several
fold, firstly the inner shaped channels, second outer shaped
channels, thirdly the relationship between the collar and the outer
shaped channels and finally the relationship between the collar and
the at least one frame. All of these are able to be manipulated in
terms of their flexural capabilities and properties depending on
the desired output and with relation to the other backrest sprung
components.
[0163] Further still the connection 224 between the rotary
actuators is able to have flexural properties and characteristics
as are the blocks 226A and 226B. Therefore as the inner shaped
channels deform, generally closing and the at least one plate
begins to flex and form a generally curved shape, so the axis of
the blocks moves relative to the plate curvature and flexural
properties and characteristics of themselves as well as the inner
and outer channels and the other backrest sprung components.
[0164] Therefore, as the occupant places pressure on the coverings,
pressure is applied to backrest sprung components and the
components referenced above and namely the inner and outer
channels, the blocks and the connection member 224 will move in
their respective first directions and the cross member and plate
will move and typically but not limited to form a curvature
respective to the characteristics and properties of all the
components referenced above. As the pressure is reduced from the
occupant, the components will move in the second direction
respective to the characteristics and properties of all the
components referenced above.
[0165] Each component is able to features different properties and
or characteristics not only in the first and second direction but
also with regards to limits within each direction respective to
pressure and movement completed. Therefore and purely for example
if the overall travel of the combined components was X then at half
X the properties and characteristics would change and for example
the overall flexure of all components is able to become less (the
components response stiffens) and or at half X the response may
change with regards to pressure applied in that if more pressure is
applied irrespective of in combination with overall amount
travelled the response of the components may become stiffer, but at
the same point travelled in the first direction the response for a
lesser pressure may get less stiff and more flexure may be
observed. Typically but not limited to this is also true for all
circumstances in the second direction, however, the second and
first direction capabilities and properties are able to be
different.
[0166] Typically the various components of the system are able to
be varied in terms of stiffness by simple means of adjustment. For
anyone skilled in the art, the connection 224 may have a screw
thread that is able to be tightened or slackened to alter the
connections tension and thus alter the response of the overall
backrest to applied pressure. In other cases, different blocks and
or cross members and or plates and or bearings such as 238 can be
used. It is also possible to incorporate pneumatic and or hydraulic
adjustability into the backrest sprung components and with relation
to all other components of the backrest where relevant. The most
obvious location would be to replace the connection 224 with a
pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. Typically either cylinder
(pneumatic or hydraulic) is able to be adjusted in terms of
response.
[0167] It is also a consideration that typically the at least one
fluid or gel layer 216 has holes through which non-compressible and
or compressible fluid is able to pass. Typically but not limited to
at least one foam layer above and below the at least one layer 216
will typically feature corresponding holes for the same purpose.
However and typically but not limited to the at least one foam
layer nearest the outer covering 242 will not have any holes such
that the non-compressible and or compressible fluid will diffuse
over a wider area and generally evenly throughout the region of
interest.
[0168] The ability for the components as referenced to react
differently when exposed to different pressures and at different
travelled points in the first or second direction allows the
characteristics and properties of each to be varied such that
during a high pressure, high travel scenario which is able to occur
very quickly (over a short space of time) means that the backrest
is able to feature designed in characteristics and properties
whereby in a crash (were the seat and or backrest be fitted to or
in a vehicle) the occupant is able to be generally centred and
optimally supported irrespective of the crash vector (direction)
and impact force.
[0169] Purely for example if the occupant is located to the first
side of the backrest and that backrest is fitted within a vehicle,
in the result of that vehicle being involved in a crash then the
components on first side of the backrest would be exposed to a
higher pressure than those on the second side of the backrest. If
the characteristics and properties of the first and second side
allowed for slower travel in the first direction with a higher
pressure but faster travel with a lower pressure, over the course
of the first directions movement the occupant would be both better
support and moved towards the centre and or centred respective to
the backrest. Furthermore if at least one component had properties
to return faster on the side which absorbed the higher pressure,
then the first side would return (move in the second direction)
more quickly than the second side and as such the occupant would be
more supported and would be further moved towards the centre and or
centred respective to the backrest.
[0170] Of course anyone skilled in the art will relies that many
combination of properties and characteristics are able to be used
respective to each component and respective to how all the
components react with each other and in relation to the occupant
and the desired affect on the occupant, we have not covered all
those here, but the example clearly indicates the ability of this
backrest system.
[0171] FIG. 9A is a front view and the second illustration of the
at least one seat 3. All the functions and features of the at least
one backrest are also able to be present on the seat. In light of
this detail will be given on features and functions only where
necessary. The seat typically but not limited to has a covering 304
whereby the covering 304 which is able to consist of at least one
layer of foam, at least one layer of high density foam and at least
one layer of a gel or fluid like substance contained within
section.
[0172] The covering 304 is also able to feature an outer fabric
covering such as a material suitable for the usage of the seat.
Typically but not limited to this fabric material is able to
surround the seat section and be permanently or removably attached
or integrated to the frame. The covering 304 is located on the at
least one plate 306 whereby at least one layer of the covering is
able to be permanently or removably attached or integrated with the
at least one plate. The at least one plate 306 is able to feature
numerous sections with different properties and characteristics and
or multiple plates are able to be used in the seat.
[0173] Underneath the at least one plate 306 is at least one spring
plate 308 whereby the spring plate is removably or permanently
attached and or integrated to the at least one seat frame or seat
frame section. Underneath the at least one spring plate 308 is at
least one is an optional at least one transfer board 302. Typically
the optional transfer board is only used when certain types of
mechanism are placed into the mechanism space 300. The transfer
board allows forces and movement of a mechanism to be transferred
to the seat and/or backrest and/or the integrated seat 1. Typically
but not limited to the transfer board is only used where CAM or CAM
based mechanisms are used and the transfer board (although not
shown) is able to be permanently or removably attached or
integrated into the at least one seat frame.
[0174] The mechanism space 300 is as above typically but not
limited to a space where CAM based mechanisms are able to be
located in order that they are able to move the integrated seat or
the seat or the seat and a backrest. It will be obvious to someone
skilled in the art that other types of mechanism are able to be
located into the space and thus the space is not limited to the use
of CAM mechanisms, any suitable mechanism is able to be situated in
the space.
[0175] It will also be appreciated by someone skilled in the art
that if no mechanism is to be situated in the space then the
overall depth of the seat is able to be reduced as the space is no
longer required. Typically but not limited to the at least one
covings 304, at least one plate 306 and at least one spring plate
308 will be situated more within the overall height of the frame
and generally towards the front frame bar 312. As will be
appreciated this will significantly reduce the overall depth of the
seat.
[0176] The at least one space is able to also feature the optional
at least one bottom transfer board 310. Typically the bottom
transfer board has all the same features and functions as the top
transfer board and is used for all the same reasons with regards to
CAM mechanisms. The CAM or any other such mechanism is able to be
locked to either the top or the bottom depending on lift
requirements and or if the integrated seat 1 is being lifted or
just the seat is being lifted. In its most basic form a mechanism
is able to use the at least one bottom plate 310 as a base on which
to be secured or as a transfer board.
[0177] In the first instance, the bottom is able to have any lift
mechanism permanently or removably and or movably attached or
integrated and typically but not limited to taking the CAM
mechanism as the at least one CAM rotates in the first direction
the seat and or integrated seat lifts whilst the CAM mechanism
stays secured to the bottom plate. However, it is possible for the
CAM mechanism to be permanently or removably and or moveably
attached to or integrated with the at least one top plate 302. In
this case as the CAM mechanism rotates typically in the second
direction the seat and or integrated seat lifts. This ability of
either the top of bottom plate to be used as a base and or transfer
board enables the seat to move independently of the backrest or
with the backrest dependent on if the seat is decoupled from or
coupled to the backrest.
[0178] Typically both the at least one top and bottom plates 302
and 310 are able to feature at least one profile and or at least
one guide track which typically but not limited to contains a open
or closed channel which is able to be profiled if required.
[0179] FIG. 9B illustrates the close up of the seat 3. The at least
one frame 322 is shown and as illustrated the frame is able to be
hollow. The frame is able to feature dual purpose ribs akin to the
at least one backrest frame. The at least one rib 330 is able to be
permanently or removably attached to or integrated to the at least
one frame. The at least one rib adds both strength and flexural
properties and characteristics to the at least one frame. The at
least one rib allows the formulation of at least one channel, the
channels having all the same functions and features as the channels
discussed with relation to the backrest channels in FIG. 8B. Like
the previously discussed at least one channel, the channels are
able to act as ducts and allow compressible and or non-compressible
fluid to flow through them. Either type of the fluid is then able
to exit the frame via at least one orifice and by part of the
ventilation system for the seat where conditioned or
non-conditioned air is able to be delivered to different regions of
the seat or for other purposes as described previously such as
allowing oxygen or other gas or gas containing particulates to be
delivered to the occupant.
[0180] The ribs are also able to be used to house other items such
as the anchor 328. The anchor 328 is permanently or removably
attached to or integrated with the at least one frame and or at
least one rib. The anchor is also permanently or moveably attached
to or integrated to the at least one spring plate 302. Typically
this association forms the first suspension or sprung system for
the seat. The at least one plate 306 typically but not limited to
forms the second suspension or sprung system of the seat. The plate
has a sprung section such as a shaped element with at least one
curve and or radius and or at least one tine like leaf type spring
arrangement. This general curve and or tighter radius and or tine
like leaf spring is permanently or removably attached or integrated
to a collar 324. The collar has all the same functions and features
as the collar 240. The collar is positioned around the at least one
frame 322 and is permanently or removably or moveably attached or
integrated to the frame. Typically the collar is movably attached
to the frame.
[0181] The figure also shows the cover section 304 in more details,
the covering 304 contains at least one outer fabric cover 318, the
at least one layer of high density foam 314 and the at least one
gel or fluid section 316 and the at least one foam layer 320. Any
combination of foam, high density foam and or gel or fluid section
is able to be utilised and as such is akin to the backrest
coverings.
[0182] The at least one plate 306 and collar 324 as well as the at
least one spring plate 302 and anchor 328 are all able to be
manufactured from at least one material and are able to be a
composite of at least two materials. The materials are able to but
are not limited to having flexural properties and capabilities with
the overall flexural properties and capabilities relative to the
materials and or the designed in characteristics and or the
relative association and interaction to the respective flexural
properties and capabilities of the other referenced at least one
component.
[0183] Taking the first and second suspension systems which form
the seat sprung components, it is able to be shown that as an
occupant increases pressure on the covering 304 the covers will
absorb some pressure and then pass on pressure to the at least one
plate 306. As pressure increases the at least one plate 306 will
begin to flex typically the curved and or radius or tine section
will start to move in the first direction and generally increase
its curve or curvature. As the pressure increases the plate 306
will interact more heavily with the spring plate 302 and as such
the spring plate 302 will move in the first direction and will
begin to generally form a curve. As the pressure further increases,
the relative section of the at least one plate will begin to move
further in the first direction and as such the collar will begin to
move in the first direction and rotate about the axis of the at
least one frame. The at least one plate 302 will also move further
in the first direction and as such the relative section will
increase in its general curvature and increase the pressure the
anchor transfer to the at least one frame.
[0184] As the pressure is released the first and second suspension
systems which form the overall seat sprung system will move in the
second direction. The characteristics of the first and second
direction are able to be different not only with relation to each
individual component but also with relation to each of the other
components. As such the seat sprung system is able to be designed
such that the system is tailored to the desired usage and
safety.
[0185] Before examples are introduced, the figure also shows a
further component of the seat sprung system that of the spring link
326. The material of the spring link is able to be but not limited
to having flexural properties and capabilities with the overall
flexural properties and capabilities relative to the materials and
or the designed in characteristics.
[0186] The spring link is able to be permanently or removably
attached to or integrated with both the at least one anchor 328 and
the at least one plate 302. Therefore as the plate spring plate 302
moves in the first direction so will the link 326 whereby the link
326 passes the movement to the anchor 328. The flexural capability
and properties of the link are able to be such that the link does
not initially transfer movement or force of the plate to the at
least one anchor. Furthermore the at least one plate is able to be
such that it features at least two and typically but not limited to
several lugs and each lug is able to be connected to both its own
and or separate individual anchor and its own and or separate
individual link.
[0187] Properties and characteristics of each of the lugs and each
of the individual anchors and links are able to be different to at
least one or the same as at least one other of the respective lugs
and or anchors and or links. The links 326 are part of the second
suspension system and as such part of the overall seat sprung
components.
[0188] Typically the seat sprung components are able to be arranged
such that the properties and characteristics of them allow for the
occupant to be supported in a tailored fashion and or repositioned
in the seat. With respect to tailoring the properties and
characteristics are able to be such that and purely for example, a
low mobility user whom tends to locate more toward one side of the
seat rather than the other in that they apply more pressure to one
side of the seat more than the other is able to have a more
central, supportive and or corrective posture imposed on them by
varying at least one of the properties and characteristics of the
at least one seat sprung components. Typically the varying of the
at least one seat sprung components will see stiffer components on
the side to which they are more towards and less stiff components
on the opposite side. Typically the net result is that the occupant
will be centred in the seat with move even pressure distribution
and a more support and or correct posture.
[0189] In terms of a repositioning, this could occur if the seat
was to be located in a vehicle and that vehicle was involved in an
accident and typically a collision. Irrespective of the impact
vector and irrespective of where the occupant is located in the
seat unless already in the optimum central position, the properties
and characteristics of the at seat sprung components are able to be
configured such that they have different flexure rates depending on
the amount they have travelled in the first and or second direction
as well as the amount of pressure as well as the speed at which the
increase in pressure occurs.
[0190] Therefore and purely for example, if the occupant is more
towards one side than the other and a crash or impact occurs on the
vehicle, then the pressure will increase more in one region of the
seat than the other. In this case at least one of the seat sprung
components typically on the opposite side to where the occupant is
more biased towards will flex more quickly in the first direction
and with less pressure than the sprung components typically on the
same side to where the occupant is biased and thus the occupant
will be repositioned generally in the centre of the seat. In the
second direction both sides of the seat sprung components are able
to flex equally as quickly as each other and thus keep the occupant
central in the seat.
[0191] Of course these are examples, but anyone skilled in the art
will understand that the flexural properties at least one of the
seat sprung components is able to be altered to affect the occupant
with a view of allowing them a more supported and safer seat.
[0192] Other examples are such that towards the front of the seat
sprung components is able to be more flexural than the rear and or
any region of the seat is able to be more or less flexural than
another region.
[0193] Further still if the collar 324 is movably with respect to
the frame, then a bearing and or lubrication is able to be present
between the collar and the frame.
[0194] FIG. 10A illustrates a simple locking mechanism 350. The
simple locking mechanism consists of a motor 344 which is suitably
attached to a leadscrew 340 which is in turn held in bearings 332
and 338. The leadscrew is meshed with a drive rack nut 342 which
has a locking pin with end section 336. The system is able to be
mounted in a frame via the bearings and motor. The system works
where the motor rotates the leadscrew also rotates and via it
meshed arrangement with the drive rack nut, the toothed drive rack
nut travels along the axis of the leadscrew whereby the end section
336 advances and typically enters an assembly and or component that
is required to be held. Typically the mounting allows the toothed
drive rack nut to remain in the correction position and free from
rotation.
[0195] FIG. 10B illustrates a simple dual locking device 360. The
simple device has a motor 370 which is suitable connected to the
leadscrew 372 which held on bearings 372 and 362. The leadscrew is
meshed with locking arms 364 which feature at least one rear
locking means 366. All these are typically but not limited to mount
to a base 374. As the motor rotates in the first direction the at
least one leadscrew rotates in the first direction and thus via the
meshed relationship so the arm 364 moves in the first direction and
typically advanced to through a first frame and into a second frame
to lock the first frame to the second frame. When the motor moves
in the second direction, the arm 364 retracts and typically moves
out of the second frame to release the first and second frame yet
will allow the arm 364 to stay and retain the first frame.
Furthermore the at least one rear locking means 366 will engage
with a component that is typically permanently or removably
attached or integrated with a top or bottom transfer board and as
such the first frame locks to the transfer board.
[0196] FIG. 11 illustrates a plan view of the seat 3. For clarity
the plan view of the seat has been split between two figures, this
figure and FIG. 12. In this figure, the seat can be observed having
at least one frame. Typically the at least one frame has at least
one component. In this case but not limited to the frame has four
components, the outer side pieces 322 and 380 and the rear and
front 376 and 312 respectively. The components 380, 376 and 312 are
able to feature the same ribs as those described with relation to
the frame piece 322 in FIG. 9B.
[0197] The figure illustrates that at least one plate 306 is
attached as has been referenced previously. Typically but not
limited to the plate is able to be in several individual sections
or one main section where each section is able to feature different
flexural properties and characteristics. The at least one plate is
shown here cut away such that the aspects underneath the plate are
able to be better shown.
[0198] As illustrated, at least one dual locking means 360 are able
to be located within the boundaries of the frame. The dual locking
means have been described previously. In this case the dual locking
means would be engaged with the backrest (not shown) whereby the
backrest frame would feature extensions which would engage with the
arm of the dual locking means. Therefore as the dual locking means
advanced in the first direction, the locking arms 364 (shown in
FIG. 10B) would pass through the first frame which in this case
would be at least one frame of the backrest such as 132 and or 188
(from FIG. 6) and into the second frame which in this case would be
the seat frame typically respective to 380 and 322 and thus the
backrest would be secured to the seat.
[0199] As the dual locking means retracts in the second direction,
the locking arm would withdraw from the seat frame but be retained
in the backrest frame. When the locking arm retreats and the rear
locking means 366 (from FIG. 10B) would engage with at least one
suitable component on the bottom transfer board 310 and thus the
backrest would be retained to the bottom transfer board. This means
that once the backrest is retained to the transfer board and
decoupled from the seat, the seat is able to move independently of
the backrest. Typically two dual locking means are located with the
seat frame boundaries as shown and typically these are located to
opposite side of the seat and are generally coaxial.
[0200] Typically the backrest frame would pass through the rear
frame 376 whereby the backrest frame can be further locked in
position by the at least one locking unit and typically two locking
units. As the backrest engages with the seat, the locking units end
section 336 advances and moves into the backrest frame both
applying pressure to the backrest frame and locking into position
such that it moves with the seat. Typically if the locking means
retracts the end section retracts and unlocks and depressures the
backrest such that the seat is able to move independently of the
backrest.
[0201] The seat frame is able to also feature at least one support
structure 120, whereby the at least one and typically two members
are located in the seat frame either at the front and or the rear.
The illustration shows the two support structure at the rear of the
seat frame with the linear actuator sections within the seat 380
and 322 respectively. Typically the at least one support structure
is permanently or removably attached and or integrated into the
seat frame. The support structure typically have two sections as
has been described, the linear actuator section and the rotary
actuator section. In this case the rotary actuator sections are
coaxially located and they are able to be permanently or removably
attached or integrated to a frame or a vehicle or a mount or other
support structure located in said frame and or vehicle and
typically this is achieved via the at least one support structure
rotary actuator exit shaft.
[0202] The backrest as stated is able to connect to the seat as
described above and the backrest as has also described has its own
rotary capability. Therefore the seat is able to attach to a frame
or vehicle or mount or other support structure such that the
rotation of the at least one rotary member of the seat (as shown
here) will result in the backrest and the seat rotating about the
axis of the at least one support structure's 120 exit shaft axis.
It is also apparent that the extension of the linear actuators will
move not only the seat but also the backrest (if it is connected to
the seat) linearly. The linear and rotary actuators of the at least
one support structure 120 are able to operate simultaneously or
independently at the same or different relational speeds. It is
also apparent that the seat support structure is able to move the
seat linearly and rotationally with or without the backrest being
connected to the seat.
[0203] The rear part of the frame 376 can feature at least one
locking device 350. The locking devices are typically encapsulated
in the frame. Two locking devices are shown such that when the
backrest is positioned through the seat frame as described above
and is being locked into place respective to the locking members
360 the two locking devices can also operate and as such the
locking means 366 (from FIG. 10A) will advance in the first
direction and serve to further retain the backrest.
[0204] FIG. 12 illustrates a further plan view of the seat 3, the
plan view shows the at least one plate 310 with many lugs at both
sides. The illustration shows a manifold 384 and a connection 382
which are the same and have the same functions and features as the
manifold 212 and connection 210 from FIG. 7. The detail of the
functions and features will not be referenced for the second time
in detail as it has been previously detailed. However and typically
the manifold is able to supply conditioned or non-conditioned,
compressible and non-compressible fluid into at least one ducting
and or region or subsequent region of the at least one seat.
Typically the same manifold is able to be used for both the seat
and the backrest and supply different or the same conditioned or
non-conditioned, compressible and non-compressible fluid to each or
at least one region or duct therein.
[0205] In this case the manifold supplies at least one region of
the seat. Typically the seat has at least four regions but in this
case the seat is shown with two regions. The left region 394 and
the right region 396 are able to receive the supplied fluid whereby
and akin to the backrest fans 392 and 388 respective to each region
circulate the fluid around the region. The at least one plate is
able to feature at least one hole 386 and typically features
multiple holes per region. Therefore the fluid is able to exit the
holes and the covering 304 to occupant. Typically but not limited
to the at least one cushioning layer immediately underneath the
cover 318 and typically but not limited to 314 will not feature
holes and thus defusing the fluid over the region, however the
cushion layers beneath 314 such as 316 and 320 typically but not
limited to do feature holes aligned with the holes in the plate to
allow fluid to more easily reach the outer cover 318.
[0206] The seat is also able to feature at least one heater
elements 390, the heater element is able to be retained to the
plate 310 or be encapsulated between or within the covering layers
of 304 such as 314, 316 and 320 from FIGS. 9A and 9B
[0207] The seat and the backrest are both able to feature at least
one gel or fluid section as has been referenced, in the case of the
backrest this is 216 and in the 316. Each of the gel or fluid
sections is able to feature at least one section and typically has
multiple sections. Each of the at least one sections has the
ability to feature at least one valve or valve element.
[0208] The at least one valve or valve element has the ability to
open respective to the pressure of the gel or fluid within that
section or at least one adjoining section, thus when the fluid or
gel in at least one section reaches a certain pressure the at least
one valve or valve element may open or remains closed therefore
fluid or gel may move to at least one other section or be retained
in at least one section. Furthermore when a certain pressure has
been achieved and in the case of a valve or valve element being
open, then the valve or valve element will close and thus retain
some or non of the gel or fluid. Each at least one valve or valve
element is able to open and or remain closed respective to
different conditions which may include temperature and pressures as
well as the speed at which the pressure increases or decreases.
[0209] Purely as an example and not to be limited to in any way,
many sections can be present within the at least one section 216
and or 316. Each of the section is able to feature at least three
valves whereby the fluid or gel is able to enter and exit the
different section to other sections. Therefore if the at least one
first section against the side of the seat and or backrest is
taken, then at least one second section that borders the first is
able to move fluid or gel into the at least one first section when
pressure increases upon it.
[0210] Typically this presents itself when and for example a
vehicle starts to corner and the occupant's pressure is increased
towards the side of the seat and or backrest. As the occupant
increases pressure resultant from the corning forces the at least
one second section at least one valve is able to open and transfer
gel of fluid into the at least one first section. This increases
fluid or gel in the at least one first section and as such
increases the support able to be provided by the first section to
the occupant at the side of the seat and or backrest and thus is
able to assist in keeping the occupant generally central in the
seat and or backrest.
[0211] This is also true in terms of a collision whereby forces are
exerted on the occupant and as such the pressure applied to the at
least one section and typically at least two sections changes
respective to the direction of the impact and magnitude of the
load. In this case the at least two sections and at least one valve
or valve element therein are able to be arranged such that the
occupant is supported and able to be generally centred in the at
least one seat or backrest.
[0212] Typically but not limited to the at least two sections and
at least one valve or valve element therein are able to arranged
such that the posture of the occupant is also generally adjusted to
both provide optimum support and maximum safety protection.
[0213] For a further example for a typically but not limited to
elderly or reduced mobility occupant is also able to benefit from
the fluid and or gel usage. Using the seat and or backrest in a
conventional domestic type chair, as the occupant increases
pressure resultant from medical condition, the at least one second
section and at least one valve is able to open and transfer gel of
fluid into the at least one first section. This increase in fluid
or gel in the at least one first section increases the support able
to be provided by the first section to the occupant and thus
assists in keeping them central to the seat and or backrest and
increasing pressure relief where it is most required.
[0214] This is also true in terms of a posture whereby pressure
exerted by the occupant resultant from how they sit and or their
body's form and or any condition such as reduced mobility is able
to be used as such that the pressure applied to the at least one
section and typically at least two sections and at least one valve
or valve element therein are able to be arranged such that the
occupant is supported with a generally better posture and or
generally centred in the at least one seat or backrest. The at
least one section and or at least one valve or valve element
therein is able to be tailor made to any occupant or usage
requirement. It is also preferable that the at least one section
and or at least valve or valve element therein is able to be
designed and occupant affect and or affects integrated with the
seat and or backrest sprung components in whole or in part.
[0215] Furthermore, the seat and/or backrest sprung components
properties and characteristics and especially with regards to
flexure, both as a whole or in part, are able to be different
and/or at least one component therein is able to be different to at
least one other component therein. However, the backrest sprung
components and the seat sprung components as well as the gel and or
fluid at least one section properties and characteristics and
especially with regards to flexure and or fluid or gel movement
relational to pressure are able to be harmonised. Typically the
harmonisation is to optimise the support for the occupant and
increase the safety protection offered to them.
[0216] Purely for example, typically the seat and backrest sprung
components and or the at least one fluid or gel section with its at
least one valve or valve element are able to be arranged such that
the properties and characteristics of them allow for the occupant
to be supported in a tailored fashion and or repositioned in the
seat and or backrest and therefore the integrated seat.
[0217] With respect to tailoring the properties and characteristics
are able to be such that and purely for example, a low mobility
user whom tends to locate more toward one side of the seat and or
backrest in that they apply more pressure to one side of the seat
and or backrest than to the other is able to have a more central,
supportive and or corrective posture imposed on them by varying at
least one of the properties and characteristics of the at least one
seat sprung and or backrest components and or the at least one
fluid or gel section with its at least one valve or valve
element.
[0218] Typically the varying of the at least one seat sprung and or
backrest components and or the at least one fluid or gel section
with its at least one valve or valve element will see stiffer
components and or higher pressure bearing values on the side to
which they are more towards and less stiff components and or lower
pressure bearing values on the opposite side.
[0219] Typically the net result is that the occupant will be
centred in the seat and or backrest with move even pressure
distribution and a more support and or corrected posture.
[0220] In terms of a repositioning, this could occur if the seat
and or backrest were to be located in a vehicle and that vehicle
was involved in an accident and typically a collision. Irrespective
of the impact vector and magnitude of the collision and
irrespective of where the occupant is located in the seat and or
backrest, the properties and characteristics of the at least one
seat sprung and or backrest components and or the at least one
fluid or gel section with its at least one valve or valve element
are able to be configured such that they have different flexure
rates and or valve opening and or closing pressures depending on
the amount they have travelled in the first and or second direction
and or the volume of fluid or gel in them as well as the amount of
pressure and or speed at which the increase in pressure occurs.
[0221] Therefore and purely for example, if the occupant is already
in the optimum position, they will be retrained in the optimum
position, however, if the occupant is more towards one side than
the other and a collision or impact occurs on the vehicle, then the
pressure will increase more in one region of the seat and or
backrest than the other.
[0222] In this case at least one of the seat sprung and or backrest
components typically on the opposite side to where the occupant is
biased will flex more quickly in the first direction and with less
pressure than the sprung components typically on the same side to
where the occupant is biased and or the at least one fluid or gel
section on the opposite side to where the occupant is biased will
not receive any fluid or gel from the at least one other fluid or
gel section from the side to which the occupant is biased, however,
the at least one fluid or gel section on the biased side may open
at least one valve to allow some fluid or gel to move to at least
one other fluid or gel section on the same side and thus the
occupant will be repositioned generally in the centre of the seat
and or backrest. In the second direction both sides of the seat and
or backrest sprung components are able to flex equally as quickly
as each other and or at least one fluid or gel section on both
sides may open at least one valve and evenly distribute the fluid
and or gel and thus keep the occupant central in the seat.
[0223] Of course these are examples, but anyone skilled in the art
will understand that the flexural properties at least one of the
seat and/or backrest sprung components and/or the at least one
fluid or gel section are able to be altered to affect the occupant
with a view of allowing them a more supported and safer seat and or
backrest. Other examples are such that towards the front of the
seat and or lower part of the backrest sprung components and or at
least one fluid or gel section with at least one valve and or valve
element are able to be more flexural and or open and close at
different pressures than the rear and or top section and or any
region of the seat and or backrest and or at least one valve of
valve element of the at least one fluid or gel section is able to
be more or less flexural and or open and close at a different
pressure than another region and or any other valve and or valve
element in any other fluid or gel section.
[0224] It will be further appreciated that the at least one frame
of the seat and or the backrest is able to have flexural properties
and characteristics which are able to be harmonised with the seat
and or backrest sprung components and or the at least one gel or
fluid section and the at least one value thereof. This means that
the above examples in terms of flexure would incorporate the flex
provided by the backrest and seat frame with the same resultants,
that of, occupant optimised safety, support and comfort.
[0225] The present invention uses prior art from other Corcost
patents such as and including the Gearbox patent. It will also be
obvious to those skilled in the art that the formation of the seat
described herein is not limited to just the automotive sector,
moreover the seat formulation can be applied to any seat for any
sector such as a medical chair, dental, salon chair or any other
suitable chair application.
* * * * *