U.S. patent application number 13/179351 was filed with the patent office on 2012-12-20 for flow machine.
This patent application is currently assigned to MAN Diesel & Turbo SE. Invention is credited to Emil ASCHENBRUCK, Carsten BENNEWA, Christian ROESNER.
Application Number | 20120321450 13/179351 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 44802574 |
Filed Date | 2012-12-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120321450 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
ASCHENBRUCK; Emil ; et
al. |
December 20, 2012 |
Flow Machine
Abstract
A flow machine includes two structural component parts that
cooperate with one another by a bellows seal so that the bellows
seal forms a medium barrier between two spaces of the flow machine
which directly adjoin the two structural component parts. The flow
machine is constructed as a gas turbine, and one space of the two
spaces is a hot-gas space of a high-pressure stage of the gas
turbine.
Inventors: |
ASCHENBRUCK; Emil;
(Duisburg, DE) ; BENNEWA; Carsten; (Oberhausen,
DE) ; ROESNER; Christian; (Kamp-Lintfort,
DE) |
Assignee: |
MAN Diesel & Turbo SE
Augsburg
DE
|
Family ID: |
44802574 |
Appl. No.: |
13/179351 |
Filed: |
July 8, 2011 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
415/174.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F05D 2240/55 20130101;
F01D 11/005 20130101; F16J 15/36 20130101; F01D 9/023 20130101;
F01D 11/003 20130101; F16J 3/047 20130101; F16J 15/52 20130101;
F02C 7/28 20130101; F16J 15/0887 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
415/174.2 |
International
Class: |
F01D 11/00 20060101
F01D011/00; F01D 11/08 20060101 F01D011/08 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jul 8, 2010 |
DE |
10 2010 031 124.3 |
Claims
1. A flow machine constructed as a gas turbine comprising: a first
structural component part; a second structural component part; and
a bellows seal by which the first and second structural parts
cooperate with one another by so that the bellows seal forms a
medium barrier between two spaces of the flow machine that directly
adjoin the two structural component parts, wherein one space of the
two spaces is a hot-gas space of a high-pressure stage of the gas
turbine.
2. The flow machine according to claim 1, wherein the other space
of the two spaces is a cooling air space of the high-pressure stage
of the gas turbine.
3. The flow machine according to claim 2, wherein the bellows seal
comprises: a first end portion fastened to the first structural
component part so that a deformation-tolerant connection is
produced by which the bellows seal is sealed against the first
structural component part; a second end portion by which the
bellows is sealed against the second structural component part.
4. The flow machine according to claim 3, wherein the second end
portion seals against the second structural component part by area
contact based only on axial preloading.
5. The flow machine according to claim 4, wherein the first end
portion is at least one of is welded, soldered, screwed, and
cemented to the first structural component part.
6. The flow machine according to claim 5, wherein the first end
portion is configured as a first flange that proceeds from an outer
diameter of a fold part of the bellows seal and extends radially
outward beyond the outer diameter of the fold part and rests on a
first radially extending sealing surface of the first structural
component part, and the second end portion is configured as a
second flange that proceeds from the outer diameter of the fold
part and extends radially inward in an opposite direction to the
first end portion and rests on a second radially extending sealing
surface of the second structural component part.
7. The flow machine according to claim 6, wherein the first end
portion has an axially extending connection portion connected to
the fold part by a material bond so that an intermediate space is
formed between the fold part and the first sealing surface of the
first structural component part.
8. The flow machine according to claim 7, further comprising: a
supporting surface that extends axially in a direction of the first
structural component part that adjoins the second radially
extending sealing surface to provide a radially inward support for
the fold part.
9. The flow machine according to claim 8, wherein the second
radially extending sealing surface of the second structural
component part, the supporting surface, and the sealing surface of
the first structural component part each extend such that they form
a receiving pocket for the fold part of the bellows seal.
10. The flow machine according to claim 9, wherein the first
structural component part is at least one of a stator blade carrier
and a seal carrier of the high-pressure stage of the gas
turbine.
11. The flow machine according to claim 1, wherein the bellows seal
comprises: a first end portion fastened to the first structural
component part so that a deformation-tolerant connection is
produced by which the bellows seal seals against the first
structural component part, the first end portion; and a second end
portion by which it seals against the second structural component
part.
12. The flow machine according to claim 3, wherein the first end
portion is at least one of is welded, soldered, screwed, and
cemented to the first structural component part.
13. The flow machine according to claim 3, wherein the first end
portion is configured as a first flange that proceeds from an outer
diameter of a fold part of the bellows seal and extends radially
outward beyond the outer diameter of the fold part and rests on a
radially extending sealing surface of the first structural
component part, and the second end portion is configured as a
second flange that proceeds from the outer diameter of the fold
part and extends radially inward in an opposite direction to the
first end portion and rests on a radially extending sealing surface
of the second structural component part.
14. The flow machine according to claim 6, further comprising: a
supporting surface that extends axially in a direction of the first
structural component part that adjoins the second radially
extending sealing surface to provide a radially inward support for
the fold part.
15. The flow machine according to claim 3, wherein the first
structural component part is at least one of a stator blade carrier
and a seal carrier of the high-pressure stage of the gas turbine.
Description
[0001] The invention is directed to a flow machine according to the
preamble of claim 1.
[0002] A flow machine of the type mentioned above is known, e.g.,
from DE 1 751 075 A1. In the flow machine which is described in
this document and which is constructed as a pressure exchanger, two
structural component parts cooperate with one another by means of a
bellows seal so that the bellows seal forms a medium barrier
between two spaces in the flow machine which adjoin the two
structural component parts.
[0003] It is the object of the invention to provide a novel
solution for the use of a bellows seal in a flow machine.
[0004] This object is met by a flow machine according to claim 1.
Further developments of the invention are defined in the dependent
claims.
[0005] According to the invention, a flow machine has two
structural component parts which cooperate with one another by a
bellows seal so that the bellows seal forms a medium barrier
between two spaces of the flow machine which directly adjoin the
two structural component parts. The flow machine according to the
invention is characterized in that the flow machine is constructed
as a gas turbine, wherein one of the two spaces is a hot-gas space
of a high-pressure stage of the gas turbine.
[0006] It was recognized by the inventors that the sealing area
directly at the hot-gas space of a high-pressure stage of a gas
turbine is extremely vulnerable to leakage because a levelness of
sealing surfaces cannot be ensured during operation of the gas
turbine due to an irregular circumferential distribution in the
main gas flow. Further, once a leak has occurred, it has an
exacerbating effect on the unevenness of the sealing surfaces so
that the leakage effect increases. Further, there is the risk of
overheating of sealing elements and, as a result, the loss of
preloading or sealing force of the sealing elements.
[0007] Leakage can be reliably prevented through the use, according
to the invention, of a bellows seal in this area.
[0008] According to an embodiment form of the invention, the other
space of the two spaces is constructed as a cooling air space of
the high-pressure stage of the gas turbine.
[0009] According to another embodiment form of the invention, the
bellows seal has a first end portion by which it seals against a
first structural component part of the two structural component
parts and a second end portion by which it seals against a second
structural component part of the two structural component parts,
the first end portion being fastened to the first structural
component part so that a deformation-tolerant connection is
produced.
[0010] On the one hand, the inventive fastening of the bellows seal
provides a reliable positional stability of the bellows seal and,
on the other hand, permits a certain deformation of the connection
of the bellows seal and first structural component part and,
therefore, allows the bellows seal to be adapted to specific
mechanical parameters while retaining a good sealing quality.
[0011] The first end portion is preferably welded, soldered,
screwed, and/or cemented to the first structural component
part.
[0012] According to yet another embodiment form of the invention,
the second end portion seals against the second structural
component part by area contact based only on axial preloading.
[0013] In this way, a connection is provided between the bellows
seal and the second structural component part which tolerates
movement but is nevertheless tight against media.
[0014] According to another embodiment form of the invention, the
first end portion is constructed in the form of a flange which
proceeds from an outer diameter of a fold part of the bellows seal
and extends radially outward beyond the outer diameter of the fold
part and rests on a radially extending sealing surface of the first
structural component part, and the second end portion is
constructed in the form of a flange which proceeds from the outer
diameter of the fold part and extends radially inward in the
opposite direction of the first end portion and rests on a radially
extending sealing surface of the second structural component
part.
[0015] Owing to this construction, the first end portion can be
fixedly mounted at the first structural component part in a
particularly simple and convenient manner. The second end portion
lies inside the outer diameter of the fold and is therefore
protected against damage.
[0016] According to another embodiment form of the invention, the
first end portion has an axially extending connection portion which
is connected to the fold part by a material bond so that an
intermediate space is formed between the fold part and the sealing
surface of the first structural component part.
[0017] The connection portion provides a lever arm so that the
first end portion can deform to a certain extent in the area of the
connection portion when the bellows seal is axially loaded and
therefore provides deformation tolerance.
[0018] According to yet another embodiment form of the invention, a
supporting surface or guide surface which extends axially in
direction of the first structural component part adjoins the
sealing surface of the second structural component part so that the
supporting surface provides a radially inward support for the fold
part.
[0019] Accordingly, a radial buckling of the fold part of the
bellows seal and, therefore, impairment of preloading and of the
sealing effect are prevented in a reliable manner when the bellows
seal is pushed together axially. Further, the supporting surface
provides an axial guide for the bellows seal.
[0020] According to yet another embodiment form of the invention,
the sealing surface of the second structural component part, the
supporting surface, and the sealing surface of the first structural
component part extend in such a way that together they form a
U-shaped circumferential receiving pocket for the fold part of the
bellows seal.
[0021] In this way, the fold part of the bellows seal is received
in such a way that it is protected even more reliably against
damage and axial buckling.
[0022] According to another embodiment form of the invention, the
first structural component part is formed by a stator blade carrier
and/or a seal carrier of the high-pressure stage of the gas
turbine.
[0023] Finally, a seal system according to the invention in the
form of a bellows seal in the high-pressure stage of a gas turbine
is used to compensate for large changes in the axial sealing gap,
and the tightness of the two structural component parts from one
space (hot-gas space) to the other space (cooling air space) is
achieved through a defined preloading and delta p.
[0024] As an inventive solution, a deformation-tolerant connection
of the two seal elements (bellows seal and stator blade carrier) is
provided while retaining a good sealing quality. To this end, three
possibilities are suggested: welding the bellows seal to the stator
blade carrier, wherein the bellows geometry is designed in such a
way that the structural component parts and the weld need only
tolerate a minimum of stresses; soldering the bellows seal; and/or
a screw/clamping connection between the bellows seal and stator
blade carrier.
[0025] The invention will be described in more detail in the
following with reference to a preferred embodiment form and the
accompanying drawing.
[0026] FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view through a portion of
a flow machine according to an embodiment form of the
invention.
[0027] FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view through a portion of a
flow machine 1 according to an embodiment form of the invention
which is constructed as a gas turbine.
[0028] The flow machine 1 has a first structural component part 10
and a second structural component part 20 which cooperate with one
another by means of a bellows seal 30 such that the bellows seal 30
forms a medium barrier between a hot-gas space 40 of a
high-pressure stage (not shown separately) of the flow machine 1,
which hot-gas space 40 directly adjoins the two structural
component parts 10, 20, and a cooling air space 50 of the
high-pressure stage of the flow machine 1, which cooling air space
50 directly adjoins the two structural component parts 10, 20.
[0029] The first structural component part 10 is formed by a stator
blade carrier of the high-pressure stage of the flow machine 1. The
second structural component part 20 is formed, e.g., by a housing
part of the high-pressure stage of the flow machine 1.
[0030] The bellows seal 30 is preferably produced from a
heat-resistant, flexible metal or plastic.
[0031] The bellows seal 30 has a first end portion 31 by which it
seals against the first structural component part 10 and a second
end portion 32 by which it seals against the second structural
component part 20.
[0032] The first end portion 31 is fastened to the first structural
component part 10 by welding, soldering, screwing, or clamping so
that a deformation-tolerant connection is produced. In the present
embodiment form, the first end portion 31 is welded on or soldered
on, for example.
[0033] To this end, the first end portion 31 is constructed in the
form of a flange which proceeds from an outer diameter 33a of a
fold part 33 of the bellows seal 30 and extends radially outward
beyond the outer diameter 33a of the fold part 33 and rests on a
radially extending sealing surface 11 of the first structural
component part 10.
[0034] Further, the first end portion 31 has an axially extending
connection portion 31a which is joined to the fold part 33 by a
material bond or is formed integral with the fold part 33 so that
an intermediate space R1 is formed between the fold part 33 and the
sealing surface 11 of the first structural component part 10.
[0035] When the bellows seal 30 is pushed together axially, the
fold part 33 can deform into the intermediate space R1 by means of
a deformation of the connection portion 31a acting as a lever arm
so that the connection provides deformation tolerance between the
first end portion 31 and the first structural component part
10.
[0036] The second end portion 32 seals against the second
structural component part 20 by area contact that is based solely
on axial preloading in the direction of the second structural
component part 20.
[0037] For this purpose, the second end portion 32 is constructed
in the form of a flange which proceeds from the outer diameter 33a
of the fold part 33 and extends radially inward in the opposite
direction of the first end portion 31 and rests on a radially
extending sealing surface 21 of the second structural component
part 20.
[0038] A supporting surface 22 which extends axially in direction
of the first structural component part 10 adjoins the sealing
surface 21 of the second structural component part 20 so that the
supporting surface 22 provides a radially inward support for the
fold part 33.
[0039] As can be seen from FIG. 1, the sealing surface 21 and the
supporting surface 22 of the second structural component part 20
and the sealing surface 11 of the first structural component part
10 extend in such a way that together they form a U-shaped
circumferential receiving pocket for the fold part 33 of the
bellows seal 30 so that the fold part 33 is reliably protected
against damage and axial buckling and is guided axially.
REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0040] 1 flow machine [0041] 10 structural component part [0042] 11
sealing surface [0043] 20 structural component part [0044] 21
sealing surface [0045] 22 supporting surface [0046] 30 bellows seal
[0047] 31 end portion [0048] 31a connection portion [0049] 32 end
portion [0050] 33 fold part [0051] 33a outer diameter [0052] 40
hot-gas space [0053] 50 cooling air space [0054] R1 intermediate
space
* * * * *