U.S. patent application number 13/199757 was filed with the patent office on 2012-12-20 for impact load deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly for cable and post protection.
Invention is credited to Nien-Yin Chang, Charles Russel Cox.
Application Number | 20120319066 13/199757 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 41430275 |
Filed Date | 2012-12-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120319066 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Cox; Charles Russel ; et
al. |
December 20, 2012 |
IMPACT LOAD DEFLECTOR SLEEVE AND REMOVABLE COLLAR ASSEMBLY FOR
CABLE AND POST PROTECTION
Abstract
A method for protecting cables and posts from damage by
providing at least one first sleeve cut to a desired length,
positioning each first sleeve over the cable, inserting a screw
through an aperture on a last first sleeve positioned on the cable
until the screw contacts the cable, providing a second sleeve
having an inside diameter greater than an outside diameter of the
first sleeve, positioning the second sleeve over the first sleeves,
tensioning the cable, securing an end of the cable, sliding the
second sleeve over the end, positioning a removable collar assembly
between the first and second sleeves, maintaining the first and
second sleeves from overlapping the removable collar and each
other, maintaining the first and second sleeves from connection
with each other, removing the holding screws from the last first
sleeve, and rotating the sleeves and the removable collar assembly
independently from each other.
Inventors: |
Cox; Charles Russel;
(Lakewood, CO) ; Chang; Nien-Yin; (Englewood,
CO) |
Family ID: |
41430275 |
Appl. No.: |
13/199757 |
Filed: |
September 8, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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12583903 |
Aug 27, 2009 |
8132790 |
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13199757 |
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11261175 |
Oct 28, 2005 |
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12583903 |
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10976201 |
Oct 28, 2004 |
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11261175 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
256/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01F 7/045 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
256/1 |
International
Class: |
E04H 17/06 20060101
E04H017/06 |
Claims
1. A method for protecting cables and posts from damage by falling
rocks and other dynamic forces, the guard assembly comprising:
providing at least one first sleeve cut to a desired length;
positioning each at least one first sleeve over a cable; inserting
a bolding screw through an aperture on a last first sleeve
positioned on the cable until the holding screw contacts the cable;
providing a second sleeve having an inside diameter greater than an
outside diameter of the last first sleeve; positioning the second
sleeve over the last first sleeve; tensioning the cable; securing
an end of the cable; sliding the second sleeve over the end;
positioning a removable collar assembly between the last first
sleeve and the second sleeve; maintaining the last first sleeve and
the second sleeve from overlapping the removable collar and each
other; maintaining the last first sleeve and the second sleeve from
connection with each other; removing the holding screw from the
last first sleeve; and rotating the last first sleeve, the second
sleeve, and the removable collar assembly independently from each
other.
2. The method of claim I and further comprising: beveling an inside
edge of the at least one first sleeve on both ends of the
sleeve;
3. The method of claim 1 and farther comprising; providing a
plurality of first sleeves; and positioning a washer between each
adjacent first sleeve.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the removable collar assembly
includes a first removable collar and a second removable collar
releasably secured to the first removable collar.
5. The method of claim 4 and further comprising: forming a slot in
each removable collar for receiving the cable or post.
6. The method of claim 5 and further comprising: forming a first
aperture and a second aperture in each removable collar.
7. The method of claim 6 and further comprising: positioning the
first removable collar against the second removable collar such
that the slot of the first removable collar is substantially
opposite the slot of the second removable collar, the first
aperture of the first removable collar is substantially aligned
with the second slot of the second removable collar, and the second
aperture of the first removable collar is substantially aligned
with the first aperture of the second removable collar.
8. The method of claim 7 and further comprising: inserting
fastening means through the first and second apertures of the first
and second removable collars for releasably securing the first
removable collar to the second removable collar.
Description
[0001] The present application is a divisional of pending patent
application Ser. No. 12/583,903, filed on Aug. 27, 2009, entitled
"Impact Load Deflector Sleeve and Removable Collar Assembly for
Cable and Post Protection, which is a continuation-in-part of
patent application Ser. No. 11/261,175, filed on Oct. 28, 2005,
entitled "Impact Load Deflector Sleeve and Removable Collar
Assembly for Cable and Post Protection, now abandoned, which is a
continuation-in-part of patent application Ser. No. 10/976,201,
filed on Oct. 28, 2004, entitled "CNC Impact Load Deflector Sleeve
and Removable Collar for Cable and Post Protection", now
abandoned.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] This invention relates generally to an apparatus for the
protection of cables and posts (or columns) against the dynamic
loads from rolling stones, vehicular impact, ice impact or other
forms of transient loads and, more particularly, the invention
relates to a CNC impact load deflector sleeve and removable collar
installable on the cable holding the fence post, which, in turn,
stretches rock fall drape net, which constitutes a rock fall
mitigation fence system (RFMFS).
[0004] 2. Description of the Prior Art
[0005] A rock fall mitigation fence (RFMF) is frequently used to
protect the traveling vehicles against potential hazards of falling
rocks. The fence system is composed of the fence cable, fence
posts, and rock fall drape net resting on the cable, which, in
turn, is stretched and supported on the fence posts and cable
anchors. The fence posts are embedded in rock and the cable is
connected to the ground anchor embedded in rock. The RFMFS
functions as a flexible fence system for retaining falling rocks by
dissipating their dynamic energy during the back and forth swing
upon rock impact. The mass of falling rocks varies a great deal. It
can range from a few hundred pounds to many tons.
[0006] When falling from the hill/mountain top or slope, a falling
rock gains momentum as it rolls down the slope. When it comes in
contact with a RFMFS, the rock rotates at an extremely high angular
velocity, can sever fence-supporting cables, and knocks out or
severely bends fence posts, cuts anything it touches. The failure
of the RFMFS allows the falling rocks to land on the highway or, in
some cases, on top of a moving vehicle, as demonstrated in the rock
fall in Georgetown, Colorado on Apr. 8, 2004. To date the only
mechanism for the failure prevention of the RFMFS is to use
stronger nets, cables and posts. The literature search including
the search on the US Patent and Trademark web site and the
communication with fence installers did not reveal any other fence
cable or post protection apparatuses as the CNC Impact Load
Deflector Sleeve (CNC//ILDS) and Removable Collar (RC) submitted in
this invention that deflect the moving rocks and impact force, and,
thereby, reduce the chance of cable and post failures. Accordingly
there exists a need for a mechanism for deflecting falling rocks
and impact force, reducing the chance of fence failure and
enhancing the safety of the traveling public.
SUMMARY
[0007] The present invention is a guard system for protecting
cables or posts from damage by falling rocks and other dynamic
forces. The guard assembly comprises a first sleeve rotatably
positionable about one of the cables or the posts and a second
sleeve rotatably positionable about the cable or the post. A
removable collar assembly is positioned between the first sleeve
and the second sleeve for maintaining the spacing between the first
sleeve and the second sleeve with the removable collar assembly
comprising a first removable collar and a second removable collar.
The first removable collar has a first slot for receiving the cable
or post and the second removable collar has a second slot for
receiving the cable or post with the first slot extending from a
perimeter of the first removable collar to a point past a center
point of the first removable collar and the second slot extending
from a perimeter of the second removable collar to a point past a
center point of the second removable collar. The first sleeve is
free from any overlap and connection with the removable collar
assembly and the second sleeve is free from any overlap and
connection with the removable collar assembly. The first sleeve,
the second sleeve, and the removable collar assembly are
independently rotatable from each other.
[0008] In addition, the present invention includes a method for
protecting cables and posts from damage by falling rocks and other
dynamic forces. The method comprises providing at least one first
sleeve cut to a desired length, positioning each first sleeve over
the cable, inserting a holding screw through an aperture on a last
first sleeve positioned on the cable until the holding screw
contacts the cable, providing a second sleeve having an inside
diameter greater than an outside diameter of the first sleeve,
positioning the second sleeve over the first sleeves, tensioning
the cable, securing an end of the cable, sliding the second sleeve
over the end, positioning a removable collar assembly between the
first sleeve and the second sleeve, maintaining the first sleeve
and the second sleeve from overlapping the removable collar and
each other, maintaining the first sleeve and the second sleeve from
connection with each other, removing the holding screws from the
last first sleeve, and rotating the first sleeve, the second
sleeve, and the removable collar assembly independently from each
other.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating an impact load
deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly for cable and post
protection, constructed in accordance with the present invention,
prior to a large sleeve being positioned over the looped cable;
[0010] FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating an impact load
deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly for cable and post
protection, constructed in accordance with the present invention,
subsequent to the large sleeve being positioned over the looped
cable;
[0011] FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating a pair of
constructed removable collars of the impact load deflector sleeve
and removable collar assembly for cable and post protection,
constructed in accordance with the present invention, with the
removable collars bolted together;
[0012] FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating the pair of constructed
removable collars of the impact load deflector sleeve and removable
collar assembly for cable and post protection, constructed in
accordance with the present invention;
[0013] FIG. 5 is a top view illustrating a single removable collar
of the impact load deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly
for cable and post protection, constructed in accordance with the
present invention;
[0014] FIG. 6 is a top view illustrating the pair of constructed
removable collars of the impact load deflector sleeve and removable
collar assembly for cable and post protection, constructed in
accordance with the present invention;
[0015] FIG. 7 is a sectional view illustrating the impact load
deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly for cable and post
protection, constructed in accordance with the present invention,
with the small sleeve having a beveled inner edge;
[0016] FIG. 8 is a sectional view illustrating the impact load
deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly for cable and post
protection, constructed in accordance with the present invention,
with the sleeve positioned over a post; and
[0017] FIG. 9 is a top plan view illustrating the impact load
deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly for cable and post
protection, constructed in accordance with the present invention,
with the sleeve positioned over a post.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0018] As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention is an
impact load deflector sleeve and removable collar assembly,
indicated generally at 10, for cable 12 and post 13 protection. It
should be noted that the post 13 can be I-shaped, H-shaped, or an
I-beam and is not limited by the description or drawings.
[0019] The impact load deflector assembly 10 of the present
invention includes a plurality of small sleeves 14, a large sleeve
16, a plurality of washers 18 between each adjacent small sleeve
14, and a removable collar assembly 20 positioned between one of
the small sleeves 14 and the large sleeve 16. The collar assembly
20 can also be positioned between adjacent large sleeves 16.
Furthermore, as will be described in further detail below, there
can be a plurality of small sleeves 14 and/or a plurality of large
sleeves 16 and the number of sleeves 14, 16 is not limited by the
drawings and description herein.
[0020] The impact load deflector assembly 10 of the present
invention allows the small sleeves 14 and the large sleeve 16 to
deflect a rolling rock or other dynamic force upon contact and,
thereby, reduces the failure potential of the fence cable 12. It
should be noted that the washers 18 can be any desired diameter
including having a diameter larger than the diameter of the small
sleeves 14, having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the
large sleeves 16, and having a diameter larger than the diameter of
the large sleeves 16.
[0021] The small sleeves 14 and the large sleeve 16 are preferably
a cylindrical tube of any appropriate material made to loosely
embrace a cable or a post to allow its near frictionless rotation
about the cable or post. The length of the small sleeves 14 and the
large sleeve 16 are determined by the field conditions present at
the cable installation site and the desires of the construction
team.
[0022] FIGS. 3-7 illustrate the removable collar assembly 20 of the
impact load deflector assembly 10 of the present invention. The
removable collar assembly 20 can be easily installed and removed
from the cable 12 for easy construction and repair. The removable
collar assembly 20 is positioned between two different-size sleeves
to prevent the smaller sleeve 14 from sliding or slipping into the
large sleeve 16.
[0023] The removable collar assembly preferably includes a first
removable collar 22 and a second removable collar 24. Each
removable collar 22, 24 has a substantially circular
cross-sectional configuration with a slot 26 formed therein
extending from a perimeter of the removable collar 22, 24 to a
point past a center point. In addition, each removable collar 22,
24 has a first aperture 28 and a second aperture 30 for receiving a
bolt 32 or other releasable fastening mechanism.
[0024] To assemble or construct the removable collar assembly 20
for use with the impact load deflector assembly 10 of the present
invention, first, the cable 12 or post is inserted into the slot 26
on the first removable collar 22. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the
second removable collar 24 is positioned about the cable 12 or post
such that the slots 26 of each removable collar 22, 24 are opposite
each other. A first bolt 32 is inserted into the first aperture 28
of the first removable collar 22 and the second aperture 30 of the
second removable collar 24 and a second bolt 32 is inserted into
the second aperture 30 of the first removable collar 22 and the
first aperture 28 of the second removable collar 24. A nut 34 or
other tightening mechanism is releasably secured to each of the
bolts 32 to maintain the first removable collar 22 to the second
removable collar 24. Further construction of the impact load
deflector assembly 10 will be discussed below.
[0025] The load impact deflector assembly 10 of the present
invention reduces the impact load effect on both cables 12 and
fence posts by deflecting the falling rocks upon contact. FIGS. 1
and 2 illustrate the load impact deflector assembly 10 installed
about the cable 12. The small sleeves 14 and large sleeve 16 are
preferably cylindrical and constructed from an appropriate material
(e.g., steel) and have an appropriate diameter, length, and
thickness for embracing a cable 12 or post with a clearance for
near frictionless rotation. The thickness and material type of the
sleeves 14, 16 are preferably selected to provide sufficient
strength to prevent the puncture by the rolling rocks. The washers
18 can be positioned between adjacent small sleeves 14 to maintain
the spacing of the small sleeves 14 and inhibit contact between
adjacent small sleeves 14.
[0026] Upon contacting any high-speed rolling rock, the load impact
deflector assembly 10 rotates nearly frictionless about the cable
12 and, thereby, avoids cable cut. It should be noted that the
sleeves 14, 16 and removable collars 22, 24 can be constructed from
any material deemed corrosion resistant, and sufficiently strong
against the destructive force of rolling stones, wind, vehicular
impact, or any other forms of impact force. In addition to the
above, the small sleeves 14 of the load impact deflector assembly
10 have a beveled inner edge. Preferably, the bevel is at a
forty-five)(45.degree.) degree angle and is beveled to one-half the
thickness of the wall of the small sleeve 14. The purpose of the
bevel is that if the small sleeves 14 are hit in such a manner that
they deflect at a sharp angle, the edge of the sleeve 14 will not
cut into the cable 12.
[0027] To mitigate the failure potential of a rock fall mitigation
fence system, the sleeves 14, 16 of the load impact deflector
assembly 10 can be installed along the entire length of the cable
12 and/or the post. The functionality of the load impact deflector
assembly 10 is explained as follows: [0028] The load impact
deflector assembly 10 rotates nearly freely around the cable 12 and
post that they are protecting. [0029] Upon contacting a sleeve 14,
16, the impact force from a rolling rock or any other impact
sources, causes the sleeves 14, 16 to rotate. [0030] The action of
sleeve rotation deflects the impact force and rock. [0031] The
deflection of the impact force reduces the damage potential of the
cable 12 and post. The removable collar assembly 20 is preferably
installed between a small sleeve 14 at the lowest point of the
cable 12 and a large sleeve 16 for protecting the connection just
above the ground anchor and the small sleeve 14 for protecting the
cable 12 right above the cable connection.
[0032] The construction of the load impact deflector assembly 10 of
the present invention will now be discussed. As understood by those
persons skilled in the art, the following description is just one
manner of constructing the load impact deflector assembly 10.
[0033] Before the load impact deflector assembly 10 installation,
the fence, fence post, cable anchors, and fence supporting cable
are installed by a qualified fence installer. At this time the
cable where the sleeves are to be installed is loose. The procedure
for the load impact deflector assembly 10 sleeve installation is
specified as follows: [0034] 1. First, the small sleeves 14 cut to
a desired length according to field conditions are positioned over
the cable 12 or post with a washer 18 between each adjacent small
sleeve 14. Slide a washer 18 onto the cable 12. [0035] 2. Slide a
small sleeve 14 onto the cable 12. [0036] 3. Slide on another
washer 18 followed by another small sleeve 14. [0037] 4. Repeat the
above until the desired portion of the cable 14 is covered with
small sleeves 14. The number of small sleeves 14 and washers 18 are
dependent on the length of the cable 12 or post. [0038] 5. The last
small sleeve 14 installed on the cable 12 is the sleeve 14 with the
temporary assembly holding bolt 36 (this small sleeve 14 is cut to
length to fit the length of cable 12 as needed) and the bolt 36 is
tightened to the cable 12. Note: the bolt 36 is removed at the end
of the installation procedure and discarded. It is imperative that
the bolt be removed as to facilitate the last small sleeve 14 to
rotate as required when impacted with a load. [0039] 6. Wrap the
cable 12 around a cable anchor 13. [0040] 7. After the last small
sleeve 14 is temporarily fixed in place with the temporary assembly
holding bolt 36, a sufficient number of large sleeves 16 are
installed around the small sleeves 12. The large sleeves 16 can be
hooked behind the temporary assembly holding bolt 36 hold them in
place while the cable 12 is tensioned and clamped. [0041] 8.
Tension the cable 12 to the manufactures recommended tension and
clamp the cable 12 with cable clamps 14 to hold the cable in
tension. Note: The tension is used to support the fence posts and
fence. [0042] 9. Slide the large sleeves 16 down to cover the
wrapped around and clamped part of the cable 12. [0043] 10. Install
the first removable collar 22 between the last small sleeve 14 and
the first large sleeve 16. Position the removable collar 22 such
that the first removable collar 22 with the welded nuts 34 is
positioned inside the large sleeve 16 and the cable 12 centered in
the slot 26. Then, the second removable collar 24 is fitted onto
the bottom part of the first removable collar 22 with the cable 12
centered and the slot 26 opening in the opposite direction with
respect to the first removable collar 22. The bolts 32 are inserted
through the two pairs of matching holes 28, 30 on the removable
collars 22, 24 and bolts 32 tightened. Now the cable 12 is centered
in the hole formed by the two removable collars 22, 24. [0044] 11.
The temporary assembly holding bolt 36 is now removed and
discarded. [0045] 12. The installation procedure is now
complete.
[0046] When any sleeve 14, 16 is damaged or the fence repairs
require the removal of the sleeves 14, 16, the following procedures
are to be followed: [0047] 1. Obtain the proper size bolt 36 for
the temporary assembly holding bolt 36, install it in the last
small sleeve 14, and tighten it to the cable 12. [0048] 2. Remove
the removable collars 22, 24. [0049] 3. Slide the large sleeves 16
over the small sleeves 16 and rest them on the temporary assembly
holding bolt 36. The cable clamps 40 are now exposed. [0050] 4.
Loosen the cable clamps 40 and remove the cable 12 from the cable
anchor 13. Now, the cable is untensioned. [0051] 5. Remove the
large sleeves 16. [0052] 6. Loosen the temporary assembly holding
bolt 36 and remove the small sleeves 14 and washers 18. [0053] 7.
Remove all damaged sleeves 14, 16 and repair the fence, if
necessary. [0054] 8. Replace all damaged sleeves 14, 16 with new
ones and follow the installation procedures reinstall all the
sleeves 14, 16 and associated part, tension the cable 12 to
manufactures specifications.
[0055] The removable collar assembly 20 of the impact load
deflector assembly 10 inhibits the small sleeve 14 from slipping
into the large sleeve 16. The fence system has to be structurally
designed. Many instances of fence failures showed that the falling
rocks severed the cables 12, and uprooted or severely bent the
fence post. The failure of a rock fall mitigation fence system
imposes a safety risk of traveling motorists from falling rocks as
demonstrated in the recent rock fall event along Interstate Highway
I 70 near Georgetown, Col. on Apr. 8, 2004. To reduce the risk of
failure of a rock fall mitigation fence system, the fence cable
needs to be protected from the cut by the large falling rock and
the sleeve in the present invention provides such protection. In an
event of need for sleeve replacement, the removable collar assembly
20 enhances the constructability because it can be easily opened
and removed, the large sleeve 16 slips over the small sleeve 14 and
cable 12 unbolted to allow sleeve 14, 16 removal and repair.
[0056] Besides, the impact force from falling rocks, the sleeves
14, 16 and removable collar assembly 20 of the impact load
deflector assembly 10 of the present invention also provide a means
of deflecting impact (or dynamic) forces, like those from vehicular
impact, and ice impact, etc.
[0057] In sum, the sleeves 14, 16 and removable collar assembly 20
of the impact load deflector assembly 10 of the present invention
are designed to provide a means of protecting fence cables 12 and
posts 13. Without such protection, a conventional rock fall
protection fence frequently fails upon impact from large falling
rocks spinning at a high angular velocity and with an immense
momentum, as demonstrated in many rock fall-induced fence failures.
The sleeves 14, 16 embrace a cable 12 or post 13 to deflect falling
rocks spinning at a high angular velocity and associated impact
forces and, thereby, protect them by avoiding detrimental blows
from the falling rocks. The removable collar assembly 20 is used
when two different-size sleeves are used avoiding a smaller sleeve
14 from slipping into a larger sleeve 16 and to assure the
protection the sleeves 14, 16 are designed. The washers 18 between
the small sleeves 14 allow the small sleeves 14 to spin better when
hit. Additionally, the removable collar assembly 20 enhances the
constructability and eases the maintenance of a rock fall
mitigation fence system. The sleeves 14, 16 together with the
removable collar assembly 20 embraces the fence cable and post,
provides a means of their protection, and enhances the safety of
traveling motorists.
[0058] It should be noted that the removable collar assembly 20 is
designed and shaped such that none of the sleeves 14, 16 overlap
with the removable collar assembly 20. It should also be noted that
the sleeves 14, 16 are free from connection with the removable
collar assembly 20 such that the sleeves 14, 16 and the removable
collar assembly 20 are independently rotatable from each other.
[0059] In sum, when falling from the hill/mountain top or slope, a
falling rock gains momentum as it rolls down the slope. The rock is
rotating at a very high angular velocity and cuts the cable 12 like
a saw blade. When it comes in contact with a RFMFS, the rock
rotates at an extremely high angular velocity, can sever
fence-supporting cables, and knocks out or severely bends fence
posts, cuts anything it touches. The cable protection sleeve 14, 16
rotates when struck by a rock moving at high velocity and with or
without angular momentum. Because the rock statistically does not
hit the cable 12 or the sleeves 14, 16 exactly at the center of
gravity, the sleeve 14, 16 rotates giving the cable 12 the time to
move and allow the rock to go around the cable and not cutting the
highly tensioned cable 12. Without the sleeve 14, 16, the cable 12
is cut and the fence fails allow the rock to continue on towards
roads, buildings or other features that the fence is designed to
protect. Tests conducted by CDOT on the ILD sleeves verified that
rotating rocks are deflected by cables protected by the ILD sleeves
and are cut by the same rocks under the same conditions without the
ILD sleeves.
[0060] The foregoing exemplary descriptions and the illustrative
preferred embodiments of the present invention have been explained
in the drawings and described in detail, with varying modifications
and alternative embodiments being taught. While the invention has
been so shown, described and illustrated, it should be understood
by those skilled in the art that equivalent changes in form and
detail may be made therein without departing from the true spirit
and scope of the invention, and that the scope of the present
invention is to be limited only to the claims except as precluded
by the prior art. Moreover, the invention as disclosed herein, may
be suitably practiced in the absence of the specific elements which
are disclosed herein.
* * * * *