U.S. patent application number 13/473878 was filed with the patent office on 2012-11-29 for brush for use with a composition.
Invention is credited to Andrew William Franckhauser, Theresa Louise Johnson, Evan Lloyd Smith, Thomas Arthur Sturgis, Leonard Lik-Hang Tse.
Application Number | 20120301210 13/473878 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 46197723 |
Filed Date | 2012-11-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120301210 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Sturgis; Thomas Arthur ; et
al. |
November 29, 2012 |
BRUSH FOR USE WITH A COMPOSITION
Abstract
A brush suitable for use as part of a product dispensing
container which includes various characteristics which provide
desirable product performance during use.
Inventors: |
Sturgis; Thomas Arthur;
(Mason, OH) ; Franckhauser; Andrew William;
(Batavia, OH) ; Johnson; Theresa Louise; (South
Lebanon, OH) ; Smith; Evan Lloyd; (Maineville,
OH) ; Tse; Leonard Lik-Hang; (West Chester,
OH) |
Family ID: |
46197723 |
Appl. No.: |
13/473878 |
Filed: |
May 17, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61490133 |
May 26, 2011 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
401/268 ;
15/207.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A46B 5/0095 20130101;
A46B 9/02 20130101; A46B 11/001 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
401/268 ;
15/207.2 |
International
Class: |
A46B 11/06 20060101
A46B011/06; A46B 11/00 20060101 A46B011/00; A46D 1/00 20060101
A46D001/00 |
Claims
1. A brush comprising: a) a base, and b) a plurality of bristles,
said plurality of bristles having a distal end and a proximal end,
wherein said distal end is attached to the base and said proximal
end forms a skin contacting region; c) wherein said plurality of
bristles have an average length of from about 0.1 to about 2
inches; d) wherein said plurality of bristles comprises at least
one bristle having a diameter of from about 0.001 inches to about
0.01 inches; e) wherein said plurality of bristles comprises at
least one bristle comprising a material having a young's modulus of
from about 0.2 GPa to about 9 GPa; f) wherein said brush has a
bristle concentration of from about 0.5 bristle per mm.sup.2 to 25
bristles per mm.sup.2 g) wherein said brush forms a brush head
which is operably attached to a product dispensing container
including a composition, and h) wherein said brush comprises a
dispensing tube in fluid communication with the product dispensing
container and the brush.
2. The brush of claim 1, further comprising a bristle concentration
ratio from distal end to proximal end of from about 1:1 to about
20:1.
3. The brush of claim 2, wherein said the cross sectional area of
the plurality of bristles is not largest at the proximal end.
4. The brush of claim 1, wherein the plurality of bristles
comprises at least one crimped bristle.
5. The brush of claim 4, wherein the at least one crimped bristle
comprises a crimp depth from about 0.010 inch to about 0.020
inch.
6. The brush of claim 5, wherein said crimped bristle has a crimp
frequency of from about 3 to about 7 crimps per inch.
7. The brush of claim 1, wherein said plurality of bristles forms a
recess having a depth of from about 0.010 inch to about 1 inch.
8. The brush of claim 1, wherein at least one of said plurality of
bristles comprises a material selected from the group consisting
of: nylon, a natural hair, polybutylene terephthalene, polyester,
polybutylene terphthalate, and mixtures thereof.
9. The brush of claim 1, wherein the compositions is selected from
the group consisting of: cosmetics, lotions, body washes, shampoos,
shave preparations, and mixtures thereof.
10. The brush of claim 1, wherein at least one of said bristles
comprises a tapered tip at the proximal end.
11. The brush of claim 1, wherein at least one of said bristles
comprises a rounded tip at the proximal end.
12. A brush comprising: a. a base having a top surface comprising a
non-flat region, and b. a plurality of bristles, said plurality of
bristles having a distal end and a proximal end, wherein said
distal end is attached to the top surface of said base and said
proximal end forms a skin contacting region.
13. The brush of claim 12, wherein said non-flat region comprises a
concave region, a convex region, or a combination there.
14. The brush of claim 12, wherein the non-flat region has a depth
of from about 0.5 mm to about 25 mm.
15. The brush of claim 12, wherein said plurality of bristles
comprises at least one crimped bristle.
16. The brush of claim 15, wherein the at least one crimped bristle
comprises a crimp depth from about 0.010 inch to about 0.020
inch.
17. The brush of claim 15, wherein said crimped bristle has a crimp
frequency of from about 3 to about 7 crimps per inch.
18. The brush of claim 15, wherein said brush has a bristle
concentration of from about 1 bristle per mm.sup.2 to 25 bristles
per mm.sup.2.
19. The brush of claim 12, wherein said non-flat region comprises a
concave region, wherein said plurality of bristles comprises at
least one crimped bristle, wherein the at least one crimped bristle
comprises a crimp depth from about 0.010 inch to about 0.020 inch,
wherein said crimped bristle has a crimp frequency of from about 3
to about 7 crimps per inch, and wherein said brush has a bristle
concentration of from about 1 bristle per mm.sup.2 to 25 bristles
per mm.sup.2.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/490,133, filed May 26, 2011, the subject of
which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Brushes of various materials and types have been known in
the art. Brushes have been used to apply materials, smooth
finishes, provide energy to surfaces, and the like. While there
have been many uses of brushes, their basic design and
configuration has remained fairly unchanged over time.
[0003] Cosmetic brushes are also prevalent within the brush
industry. These are often used to apply compositions, including
powders, liquids, and other forms of beautifying products, to the
skin. Shave preparation brushes are also known in the brush
industry. These brushes are used in combination with shave
preparations to apply and "froth" these preparations by entraining
air within the compositions. Many brushes, including cosmetic and
shave preparation brushes, contain bristles made of natural hair
products, such as badger or boar's hair. These brushes may produce
an odor that is considered to be unacceptable by many consumers.
Moreover, these brushes typically entrain the product meant to be
applied within the brush. This entrainment of product results in
unsatisfactory application of product, waste of usable product, as
well as an increased opportunity for bacteria buildup.
[0004] Further, dispensing containers with brushes have also been
disclosed. See, e.g., U.S. Patent Publ. Nos U52010/0239358A1,
2009/0263175; 2009/0263174; and 2005/0045200; and U.S. Pat. Nos.
6,003,523; 4,252,455; and 4,603,992.
[0005] There are many brushes on the market for various suggested
uses. One type of brush which is commercially available is the
shaving brush which has been widely used to prepare shave
preparations for application onto skin prior to shaving. One
problem with these types of brushes is how they deform under
pressure, such as when the brush is applied against a surface such
as skin, and a force there applied onto the brush. Many brushes may
deform in an undesirable configuration, such as having bristles
fold over or the entire brush bend to one side, or they may be
undesirably stiff and/or create an unpleasant feel upon contact
with skin. The present invention arrives at a specific embodiment
where the combination of physical dimensions and bristle type allow
for a desirable response when applied to a surface under
pressure.
[0006] Many of these shaving brushes can also be used to actually
generate lather from a bar of soap of from a post foaming gel shave
prep which can be dispensed from a pressurized container. These
brushes can include stand alone brushes, as well as brushes which
are used as part of product dispensing containers or systems. Many
of these brushes, however, may not provide the desired medium to
agitate and foam a foaming composition, such as a shaving
preparation. Further, many brushes may be somewhat messy when used
to agitate and foam the foaming composition. Another benefit
desired of brushes is for a brush which has the right combination
of characteristics to allow it to perform better during use, by
creating less mess and facilitating distribution and delivery of
any product better.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] One aspect of the present invention provides for a brush
comprising a base, and a plurality of bristles, said plurality of
bristles having a distal end and a proximal end, wherein said
distal end is attached to the base and said proximal end forms a
skin contacting region; wherein said plurality of bristles have an
average length of from about 0.1 to about 2 inches; wherein said
plurality of bristles comprises at least one bristle having a
diameter of from about 0.001 inches to about 0.01 inches; wherein
said plurality of bristles comprises at least one bristle
comprising a material having a young's modulus of from about 0.2
GPa to about 9 GPa; and wherein said brush has a bristle
concentration of from about 0.5 bristle per mm.sup.2 to 25 bristles
per mm.sup.2 Without intending to be bound by theory, it is
believed that this type of brush can provide improved
characteristics such as bristle response when applied to a surface
such as skin.
[0008] Another aspect of the present invention provides for a brush
comprising: a base having a top surface comprising a non-flat
region, and a plurality of bristles, said plurality of bristles
having a distal end and a proximal end, wherein said distal end is
attached to the top surface of said base and said proximal end
forms a skin contacting region. In one aspect the non-flat region
comprises a concave region, wherein said plurality of bristles
comprises at least one crimped bristle, wherein the at least one
crimped bristle comprises a crimp depth from about 0.010 inch to
about 0.020 inch, wherein said crimped bristle has a crimp
frequency of from about 3 to about 7 crimps per inch, and wherein
said brush has a bristle concentration of from about 1 bristle per
mm.sup.2 to 25 bristles per mm.sup.2. The bristles can be single
tufted. Without intending to be bound by theory, it is believed
that this type of brush can provide less mess due in part to the
presence of the concave region as well as the crimped bristles.
Further, it is believed that this type of brush can provide
enhanced performance during use, including aspects of improved
foaming when used with post foaming gels.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates a side planar view of a brush head in
accordance with at least one embodiment of the present
invention.
[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates the bottom view of the brush head shown
in FIG. 1.
[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates a side planar view another brush head in
accordance with at least one embodiment of the present
invention.
[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates the bottom view of the brush head shown
in FIG. 3.
[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates the top view of the brush head shown in
FIG. 3.
[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a side planar view another brush head in
accordance with at least one embodiment of the present
invention.
[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an elevated perspective view of the brush
head shown in FIG. 5.
[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates a side planar view another brush head in
accordance with at least one embodiment of the present
invention.
[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates an elevated perspective view of the brush
head shown in FIG. 5.
[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates a top view of a dispensing tube which
can be used in a brush head in accordance with the present
invention.
[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates a top view of another dispensing tube
which can be used in a brush head in accordance with the present
invention.
[0020] FIG. 12a illustrates a brush having a top surface of the
base which is flat.
[0021] FIG. 12b illustrates a brush having a top surface of the
base which is concave.
[0022] FIG. 12c illustrates a brush having a top surface of the
base which is convex.
[0023] FIGS. 13a and 13b illustrate two side views of brushes
having non-flat surfaces forming concave regions.
[0024] FIG. 14 illustrates a crimped bristle extending out of a
base.
[0025] FIG. 15 illustrates a side view of several different types
of bristles.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0026] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be
understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values
recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension
is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension
disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm"
[0027] All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the
Invention are, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference;
the citation of any document is not to be construed as an admission
that it is prior art with respect to the present invention. To the
extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this written
document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the term in a
document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition
assigned to the term in this written document shall govern.
[0028] While the specification concludes with the claims
particularly pointing and distinctly claiming the invention, it is
believed that the present invention will be better understood from
the following description.
[0029] The devices, apparatuses, methods, components, and/or
compositions of the present invention can include, consist
essentially of, or consist of, the components of the present
invention as well as other ingredients described herein. As used
herein, "consisting essentially of" means that the devices,
apparatuses, methods, components, and/or compositions may include
additional ingredients, but only if the additional ingredients do
not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the
claimed devices, apparatuses, methods, components, and/or
compositions.
[0030] All percentages and ratios used herein are by weight of the
total composition and all measurements made are at 25.degree. C.,
unless otherwise designated. A degree is a planar unit of angular
measure equal in magnitude to 1/360 of a complete revolution.
[0031] All measurements used herein are in metric units unless
otherwise specified.
[0032] As used herein, the term "substantially non-parallel" means
that the objects compared have a difference in angle of at least
about 15 degrees.
[0033] As used herein, the term "substantially parallel" means that
the objects compared have a difference in angle of less than about
15 degrees.
[0034] As used herein, the term "substantially perpendicular" means
that the objects compared are within about 15 degrees from being
perpendicular.
[0035] As used herein, the term "surface" means an area whereby the
composition is capable of being applied. As it relates to shaving
compositions, the surface relates to portions of the skin capable
of growing hair, including the face, scalp, underarm, pubic area,
and the like.
[0036] The current invention relates to a brush which can be used
as stand alone brush or a brush head for use with a package for
dispensing a product. The brush comprises a base; a plurality of
bristles, said plurality of bristles having a distal end and a
proximal end, wherein said distal end is attached to the base and
said proximal end forms a skin contacting region; wherein said
plurality of bristles have an average length of from about 0.1 to
about 2 inches; wherein said plurality of bristles comprises at
least one bristle having a diameter of from about 0.001 inches to
about 0.01 inches; wherein said plurality of bristles comprises at
least one bristle comprising a material having a young's modulus of
from about 0.2 GPa to about 9 GPa; and wherein said brush has a
bristle concentration of from about 0.5 bristle per mm.sup.2 to 25
bristles per mm.sup.2 Without intending to be bound by theory, it
is believed that a brush having the characteristics defined herein
provides desirable response when applied to a surface under
pressure which can be demonstrated by various attributes, including
but not limited to feel on skin, bristle splaying when the brush is
applied against a surface under pressure such that the bristles
deform, and even surface treatment and potential cleaning or
exfoliation. It is believed that this type of brush has specific
characteristics including a desirable bristle length, bristle
elastic modulus, bristle concentration and diameter, or bristle
density to give the right combination of resistance and give to
make it particularly useful for treating skin, particularly as a
shaving brush, even more particularly as a brush head for a product
dispensing container.
[0037] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a brush
which can also be used as a stand alone brush or as part of a
product dispensing package or system, said brush comprising: a base
having a top surface comprising a non-flat region, and a plurality
of bristles, said plurality of bristles having a distal end and a
proximal end, wherein said distal end is attached to the top
surface of said base and said proximal end forms a skin contacting
region. In one aspect the non-flat region comprises a concave
region, wherein said plurality of bristles comprises at least one
crimped bristle, wherein the at least one crimped bristle comprises
a crimp depth from about 0.010 inch to about 0.020 inch, wherein
said crimped bristle has a crimp frequency of from about 3 to about
7 crimps per inch, and wherein said brush has a bristle
concentration of from about 1 bristle per mm.sup.2 to 25 bristles
per mm.sup.2. Without intending to be bound by theory, it is
believed that the concave region facilitates collection of any
excess product which may travel down the bristles. Further, the
concave region can provide greater flexibility in the bristles
since more of the bristle could be exposed above the top surface
compared to a flat surface. Depending on the specific degree of
bristle density and concentration, however, the periphery of the
concave surface can provide a collaring affect on the bristles,
which may also be desirable. Further, the crimped bristles are
believed to facilitate foaming of foaming products such as post
foaming shave preps because the crimps allow for more air to be
mixed into the composition during agitation and contact.
[0038] Where the brush is used as part of a package for dispensing
a product, a product dispensing tube can be included to deliver
product from a pressurized reservoir into the brush through the
base. In another embodiment, the brush can be removably or fixedly
attached to a handle or holder which may not be part of a
dispensing container. In one embodiment, the base of the brush may
have an elongated shape which can act as a handle with various grip
regions.
[0039] Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that
the bristle density being greater at the distal end than at the
proximal end facilitates the transport of composition from the
distal end to the proximal end of the bristles. This feature
results in a brush that is easier to use, with reduce messiness.
The brush of the present invention is also easier to clean, as only
small amounts of composition are able to enter the distal end of
the bristles, thus removing the need to remove these materials. As
the proximal end is less dense, cleaning on this end is further
facilitated by this end of the bristles.
[0040] Further, in one embodiment, the flow path is defined by a
discrete region of low bristle population. A region of low bristle
population means that within said discrete region, the number of
bristles per area is measurably lower than the bristles per area
surrounding at the region as the brush extends from the base
towards the skin contacting region which is the proximal end of the
bristles. In one embodiment, the number of bristles per area is at
least about 20% less, alternatively at least about 40% less,
alternatively at least about 50% less, alternatively at least about
75% less than the number of bristles per area surrounding the
region. Bristle population can be calculated on by square mm or
square cm of area. In one embodiment, the region of low bristle
density is free or essentially free of bristles. By "essentially
free of bristles" it is meant that no bristles are formed in the
region. It will be understood by those in the art that bristles are
flexible and can bend into the region intended as the flow path.
Allowing bristles to bend into the flow path is within the scope of
the invention. In one embodiment, the flow path maintains a
substantially consistent shape from the base to the skin contacting
region.
[0041] In one embodiment, the flow path also comprises one or more
dispensing tubes which can extend for a portion of said flow path.
In one embodiment the dispensing tube forms the portion of the flow
path as it immediately exits the dispensing container and extends
for some distance above the base but below the contacting region.
Those of skill in the art will understand that the flow path can
continue beyond the dispensing tube as the brush extends away from
the base. Without intending to be bound by theory, it is believed
by providing a flow path which is made of both a dispensing tube
and a region of low bristle population, the brush head facilitates
the transport of composition from the base to the skin contacting
region. In one embodiment, the region of low bristle population is
in fluid communication with said dispensing tube such that
composition dispensed through said dispensing tube continues to
travel the same general path away from the base. In one embodiment,
the dispensing tube is made from an elastomeric material which is
flexible, such as rubber.
[0042] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the dispensing tube
can have an interior structure run for at least a portion of the
length of the dispensing tube. Non-limiting examples of suitable
interior structures includes one or more dividing wall, thereby
creating two half circles within the tube, or three, or four
passages within the dispensing tube. Without intending to be bound
by theory, it is believed that providing said one or more dividing
walls can help direct flow of the composition away from the base
towards the exit orifice, ultimately towards the skin contact
region of the brush head. In one embodiment, said one or more
dividing walls can create a tube within a tube. This may be
particularly useful if multiple types of compositions are used in
the container.
Base
[0043] The base of the current invention can be made of any
material capable of functionally attaching bristles. In one
embodiment, the base is made from a material selected from plastic,
metal, composites, porcelain, glass, or combinations thereof. One
of ordinary skill would be readily able to select a material
suitable for making a base.
[0044] The base of the current invention is functionally attached
to the distal end of the plurality of bristles. One of ordinary
skill recognizes that there are many attachment mechanisms that may
be employed to fix the plurality of bristles to the base. It is
contemplated that the bristles are attached to the base by
mechanical, chemical, and/or heat based mechanisms. One of ordinary
skill would readily know how to attach the bristles of the present
invention to the base.
[0045] In one embodiment, the base is functionally attached to a
container. The container of the present invention relates to any
vessel that can hold a composition for an indefinite period of
time. The container of the present invention may be made by any
number of materials, including plastics, metals, and the like. The
container contains any composition that is to be applied with the
brush. In one embodiment, the brush is removably attached to the
container. In such an embodiment, the composition is directly
applied to the skin or the brush is placed in the composition
within the container and applied to the surface.
[0046] An alternate embodiment of the base comprises a dispensing
device. The dispensing device is fluidly attached to the base and
capable of transmitting a composition outside of the container
through the base between the plurality of bristles whereby the
composition is capable of being applied to a surface. In one
embodiment, the dispensing device is capable of dispensing the
composition in a direction that is substantially parallel to the
plurality of bristles. In an alternate embodiment, dispensing
device is capable of dispensing the composition in a direction that
is substantially non-parallel to the plurality of bristles.
Moreover, the dispensing device is capable of dispensing the
composition in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to
the plurality of bristles. It is believed that when the composition
is dispensed in a manner substantially perpendicular to the
plurality of bristles, the delivery of the composition within the
bristles of the brush becomes more uniform in addition to providing
the composition additional air entrainment opportunities. Further,
the transport of the composition through the plurality of bristles
is aided by the bristle density driving the composition to the
proximal end of the plurality of bristles, as well as the
hydrophobic nature of the bristles.
Top Surface of Base
[0047] The base comprises a top surface which is functionally
attached to the distal end of said plurality of bristles. In one
embodiment, the top surface has at least one region which is
non-flat. This non-flat region can have a concave shape, a convex
shape, or a combination there of, where the top surface can be wavy
or otherwise rounded. In one embodiment the top surface forms a
planar surface which is defined as a flat plane upon formed from
the periphery of the base, upon which the brush would rest if it
were inverted to rest on the top surface (in the absence of the
non-flat region and the plurality of bristles). Those of skill in
the art will understand that the top surface may not have a fully
connected periphery. Further, in one embodiment where the top
surface of the base is flat, the planar surface would be the same
flat plane running through the top surface.
[0048] In one embodiment the concave shape forms a well having a
maximum distance from the planar surface of from about 0.5 mm to
about 25 mm, or from about 7 mm to about 20 mm, or from about 12 mm
to about 17 mm, or from about 14 mm to about 15 mm. The depth of
the well, as defined herein, is determined along the central axis
of the brush from the deepest point of the well to the planar
surface. Depending on the desired shape of the proximal end of the
bristles (i.e. a rounded, flat, or tiered surface for contacting
the surface to be treated) and the desired length(s) of the
bristles, a concave shape can provide increase or decreased bristle
flexibility. Because the concave shape forms a depression in the
top surface from which the bristles extend, more of the bristle can
be exposed if the bristle length and the brush shape are to be kept
constant compared to a brush having a base with a flat surface. On
the other hand, if the proportion of bristles extending above the
base is kept constant (compared to a brush with base having a flat
surface), the bristle may bend and deform similarly but portions of
the well applying radial pressure onto the plurality of bristles
may result in a collaring affect, making the plurality of bristles
more resilient to deformation from contact to the surface.
[0049] The presence of a concave shape can also provide an
additional benefit of forming a receiving region for any
composition which may travel back down the bristles towards the
base. This can be particularly desirable to minimize the occurrence
of composition traveling down the brush back down into and over the
base. Those of skill in the art will understand that the deeper the
well, the more composition can be collected without spilling over.
Deeper wells, however, can act as a collar around the bristles
potentially restricting them from bending during contact with a
treatment surface. If the depth of the well impacts the bending
behavior of the bristles, the bristle length can be manipulated so
the desired amount of bristle extends beyond the planar surface.
For example, a deep well can be used in conjunction with longer
bristles so more of the bristle resides above the planar surface.
As such, the deep well can collect more material but the bristles
can still bend more freely while minimizing the collaring
affect.
[0050] In one embodiment, the non-flat region can form a convex
shape which could bulge out of the planar surface. The convex shape
can have a similar distance as the wells, described herein, except
that the distance would extend away from the base, as opposed to
into the base as for concave shapes. Convex shaped bases can also
allow for greater bristle flexibility. For example, in comparison
to a brush having a base with a flat top surface, a brush with
similar length bristles and a base having a convex shaped top
surface can have bristles which spread out more when at rest and
can potentially also splay or flair out more when contacted against
a surface. In another embodiment, if shorter bristles were used,
and the shape of the brush were kept constant, the bristles could
be made to be stiffer but still keep the same brush shape because
the convex region allows for a shorter distance between the distal
and proximal ends of the bristle.
[0051] Additionally, convex shapes can allow for shorter distances
between the proximal end of the bristle to the distal end. Without
intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that concave and
convex shapes can be desirable for different intended end uses. For
example, concave regions can allow for relatively longer bristles
which can allow for more flexibility. Concave regions, however, can
allow for shorter bristles. Where bristles are using having a
uniform length, varying the non-flat region can allow differing
amounts of the bristle to be embedded within the base, while
keeping a desirable shape on the distal end (for example a flat
distal end, or a rounded distal end). Those of skill in the art
will understand that the selection of surface shape, bristle
length, and brush shape can be varied to arrive at different
brushes having different resilience to deformation from contact to
a surface such as skin.
[0052] In one embodiment, the well can be shallow having a depth of
from about 0.5 mm to about 8 mm, or from about 4 mm to 7 mm, or
about 5 mm to about 6 mm. In another embodiment, the well can be
deep, having a depth of from about 8 mm to about 20 mm, or from
about 10 mm to about 15 mm, or about 11 mm to about 13 mm. Further,
in one embodiment, the non-flat region can form one or more partial
or whole concave or convex shaped rings about the center of the
brush. The non-flat region can also form corrugated surface with
the ridges and valleys running as parallel lines or in concentric
circles.
Brush Shape
[0053] The brush of the present invention has a shape that
facilitates usage, particularly on the face. In one embodiment, the
outer shape of the cross-section of the brush, as defined by
determining the cross-section of the bristles parallel to the base
of the brush, is oblong in shape. By being oblong in shape, the
cross-section has a first dimension that is longer than a second
dimension, e.g., an overall length longer than the width. Oblong
shapes include oval, oblong circles, rectangles, ellipses, and the
like. In another embodiment, the outer shape of the cross-section
of the brush is a circle, square, or regular polygon. It is
contemplated that the corners of any polygon could be rounded.
Other shapes, such as a "D" shape are also contemplated.
[0054] In one embodiment the proximal end of the brush is
substantially parallel to the base. In an alternate embodiment, the
proximal end of the brush comprises its highest bristles
substantially in the center. The bristles then decrease in height
from the center toward the edges in a curvilinear, stepped, angled,
and/or arched manner. In one embodiment, the difference between the
average height of the bristles in the center of the brush and the
average height of the bristles on the edge of the brush is from
about 0.1 inches to about 0.5 inches, in an alternate embodiment
from about 0.1 inches to about 0.3 inches. It is believed that
having bristles of decreasing height allows the user to vary the
amount of bristles that contact the surface by varying the
application force. Such a mechanism results in an increase in
mechanical action, leading to increased lather generation by the
brush.
[0055] It is also contemplated to have a substantially angled edge,
such as a squared edge, on at least one portion of the brush. Such
an edge is capable of providing increased control of the brush
action by being shaped to enter into tighter portions of a
surface.
Bristles
[0056] The current invention includes a plurality of bristles.
These the distal end of the plurality of bristles is functionally
attached to the base. In one embodiment, at least one of said
plurality of bristles comprises a hydrophobic material. In another
embodiment, at least one of said plurality of bristles comprises
hydrophilic material. In yet another embodiment, the plurality of
bristles comprises a material selected from the group consisting of
a hydrophobic material, a hydrophilic material, and a mixture
thereof. Particularly preferred materials would be those which are
hydrophobic, especially when the composition is water based Without
wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the hydrophobic
nature of the plurality of bristles, in combination with the
plurality of bristles having a greater bristle density at the
distal end than at the proximal end, work synergistically to
transport composition toward the proximal end of the plurality of
bristles and onto a surface. This composition transport results in
an improved brush usage experience as well as a more efficient and
clean brush operation.
[0057] In one embodiment, any hydrophilic material is selected to
make the plurality of bristles. Hydrophilic plastics are well
suited for the current invention. In one embodiment, nylon is a
hydrophilic plastic utilized for the plurality of bristles. In one
embodiment, the hydrophobic material used to make at least a
portion of said at least one bristle is selected from the group
consisting of nylon, a natural hair (including but not limited to
badger hair), polybutylene terephthalene, polyester, or
polybutylene terephthalate. Other known natural or synthetic brush
bristle materials may also be used.
[0058] Regarding the use of bristles, material and physical
properties of bristles can impact brush performance, including skin
feel and latherability, for example. In one embodiment, the bristle
diameters are from about 0.001 to about 0.01 inches, in an
alternate embodiment from about 0.002 to about 0.006 inches, in
alternate embodiment from about 0.003 to about 0.004 inches. The
bristles of the present invention have an average length of from
about 0.1 to about 2 inches, or up to about 1.75 inches or up to
about 1.3 inches, in an alternate embodiment from about 0.3 to
about 1.0 inches, in an alternate embodiment from about 0.5 to
about 0.9 inches. The sizing of the bristles should be such that
the bristles should not fold over or collapse during use; while
allowing the bristles to return to substantially their original
shape. Individual bristles can have the same length or varying
lengths. In one embodiment, at least one of said bristles has a
length of from about 0.5 inches to about 2 inches, preferably from
about 1.0 inch to about 1.8 inches, more preferably from about 1.3
inches to about 1.5 inches. The length of the bristle is measured
as the distance of the bristle protruding out of the portion of the
base from which it extends. Any portion of the bristle embedded
within the base would not be measured in determining bristle
length. Those of skill in the art will understand that the bristle
may bend even in an at rest position. The bristle length, as
defined herein is determined as a linear measurement of the bristle
in an unstressed and generally straight orientation not accounting
for any deformations along the bristle such as crimps. To measure
bristle length, the bristle can be removed from the base and
allowed to lay on a flat surface so any general curvature due to
gravity or contact from other bristles is alleviated. The portion
of the bristle which was embedded into the base is not considered,
and the remainder of the bristle (from the base contacting distal
end to the surface contacting proximal end is calculated as the
length). Crimps and other intentional manufacturing deformations to
the bristle are not taken into account when measuring bristle
length.
[0059] In one embodiment, the brush comprises a recess at the skin
contacting region of the brush similar to the cavity described in
U.S. Patent No. 2005/0045200 to Zeunik. In one embodiment, the
composition flow path extends from said base and discharges into
said recess. The recess is a discrete region of the brush where the
height of the underlying bristles is lower than the average length
of the rest of the bristles forming the rest of the brush. As such,
a recess in the brush is formed. Without intending to be bound by
theory, it is believed that that allowing composition to travel
from the container through the base and ultimately into the recess
allows the user to dispense a desired amount of composition without
fear that the composition will spill over or fall off the tip of
the brush. In one embodiment, the recess is formed by crimping a
plurality of said bristles such that they do not extend as far from
the base as the bristles surrounding the recess. In another
embodiment, the recess is formed by a combination of crimped
bristles or relatively shorter bristles.
[0060] In one embodiment, the composition dispensing tube comprises
a dispensing orifice which opens into the portion of said recess
facing said base. The dispensing orifice can be formed by part of
the dispensing tube or formed from the region of low bristle
population. In one embodiment, the recess has a depth of from about
0.010 inch to about 1 inch, alternatively from about 0.05 inches to
about 0.5 inches, alternatively from about 0.2 inches to about 0.4
inches. Those of skill in the art will understand that the
dimensions of the recess can be varied as long as the recess can
act to receive a volume of composition prior to contact with skin.
In one embodiment, the recess has a shape which is selected from
the group consisting of a circle, ellipse, oval, triangle, square,
rectangle, star, moon, a letter or number, and so forth. In one
embodiment, the shape of the recess is generally the same as the
shape of the brush.
[0061] In one embodiment, the brush head had a central axis, and a
cross sectional plane which is perpendicular to said central axis,
wherein the cross sectional plane defines a recess cross section
area and a brush cross section area, wherein the recess cross
section area is from about 10% to about 75% of said brush cross
section area, alternatively from about 25% to about 50%,
alternatively from about 30% to about 40%.
[0062] In one embodiment, the plurality of bristles forms said
fluid flow path. In one embodiment the fluid flow path comprises a
dispensing tube, a region which is free or essentially free of
bristles, or a combination thereof.
[0063] Various treatments of the proximal end of the plurality of
bristles are contemplated for use with this brush. In one
embodiment, end rounding, tipping, tapering, and the like are used
to provide a user acceptable feel to the plurality of bristles.
[0064] It is contemplated that bristles of various hues and/or
colors can be utilized within brush. For example, colors may serve
the function of showing where bristles of increasing and/or
decreasing hardness are. Colors may also be used to indicate brand,
brand name, style, and/or other aesthetic measures. Color may also
be used to indicate the benefit of the associated composition,
e.g., green bristles for indicating aloe, and the like.
Bristle Density
[0065] The brush of the present invention comprises a plurality of
bristles, wherein the bristle density of the distal end is greater
than the bristle density of the proximal end. The bristle density
is determined by determining the sum of the cross-sectional area of
the individual bristles and dividing it by the cross-section
defined by the outermost bristles, which inherently includes void
space between the bristles; then determining the percentage.
[0066] As an exemplary calculation, for a circular patch having a
0.2 inch radius containing 10,000 bristles, each bristle having a
diameter of 0.002 inches, the bristle density would be calculated
as follows:
0.002 inch diameter/2=0.001 inch radius
[0067] (radius of one bristle)
pi*0.001 2=0.00000314 inches 2
(cross-sectional area of one bristlepi*(bristle radius) 2)
0.00000314*10,000=0.0314 inches 2
(cross-sectional area of 10,000 bristlescross-sectional area of
single bristle*the total number of bristles)
Pi*0.2 2=0.126 inches 2
(total area including bristles and void areaspi*(radius of circular
patch) 2)
0.0314/0.126*100=25%
(bristle densitycross-sectional area of 10,000 bristles/total
area*100)
[0068] In one embodiment, the bristle density is greater at the
distal end than it is at the proximal end. In one embodiment, the
bristle density at the distal end of the plurality of bristles is
from greater than 30 to about 80%, in an alternate embodiment from
about 35 to about 70%, in an alternate embodiment from about 40 to
about 60%, in an alternate embodiment from about 45 to about 55%.
In one embodiment, the bristle density at the proximal end of the
plurality of bristles is from 10 to at most 30%, in an alternate
embodiment from about 15% to about 28%, in an alternate embodiment
from about 19 to about 26%.
Bristle Concentration
[0069] In another embodiment, the brush has a bristle concentration
of from about 0.5 bristle per mm.sup.2 to 25 bristles per mm.sup.2,
or from about 1 bristle per mm.sup.2 to about 10 bristles per
mm.sup.2. The bristle concentration, as defined herein, is a
measure of the number of bristles per unit area (i.e. the cross
section of the area formed by the outermost bristles). Whereas the
bristle density considers the area of a bristle, the bristle
concentration only considers the number of bristles in a given
area.
[0070] In one embodiment, the brush can be have a low bristle
concentration, of from about 1 bristle per mm.sup.2 to about 5
bristle per mm.sup.2. In another embodiment, the brush can be have
a higher bristle concentration of from about 5 bristle per mm.sup.2
to about 20 bristle per mm.sup.2.
[0071] In another embodiment, the bristle concentration can vary as
you travel from the distal end of the bristles to the proximal end.
In one embodiment, the proximal end can form the largest cross
section of the brush. In one embodiment, the brush comprises a
bristle concentration ratio from distal end to proximal end of from
about 1:1 to about 20:1, or from about 1.1:1 to about 5:1, or from
about 1.5:1 to about 4:1, or from about 1.8:1 to about 2.5:1
[0072] In another embodiment, however, the largest cross section of
the brush can be somewhere between the distal and the proximal
ends. In this embodiment, the bristles would be curved so they bow
out somewhere between the ends of the bristles. A similar bristle
concentration ratio can exist but this would be from distal end to
the widest cross section.
[0073] In one embodiment, the bristle concentration at distal end
can be 5,000 bristles per an area of 1860 mm.sup.2 resulting in a
bristle concentration of 2.69 bristles per mm.sup.2. The bristle
concentration at the widest cross section can be 5,000 bristles per
an area of 4,400 mm.sup.2, resulting in a bristle concentration of
1.14 bristles per mm.sup.2. The ratio of bristle concentration from
distal end to widest cross section would thus be 2.4:1.
[0074] In one embodiment, the bristle concentration at distal end
can be 25,000 bristles per an area of 1860 mm.sup.2 resulting in a
bristle concentration of 13.44 bristles per mm.sup.2 The bristle
concentration at the widest cross section can be 25,000 bristles
per an area of 4,400 mm.sup.2, resulting in a bristle concentration
of 5.68 bristles per mm.sup.2 The ratio of bristle concentration
from distal end to widest cross section would thus be 2.4:1
[0075] In one embodiment, the bristle concentration at distal end
can be 15,000 bristles per an area of 1860 mm.sup.2 resulting in a
bristle concentration of 8.08 bristles per mm.sup.2. The bristle
concentration at the widest cross section can be 15,000 bristles
per an area of 4,400 mm.sup.2, resulting in a bristle concentration
of 3.41 bristles per mm.sup.2 The ratio of bristle concentration
from distal end to widest cross section would thus be 2.4:1.
Crimped Bristles
[0076] One mechanism to create additional voids within the bristles
is to splay or flair out the bristles. In one embodiment, splay is
created by utilizing wavy or crimped bristles as at least part of
the plurality of bristles. Crimped bristles are bristles having a
substantially periodic waveform with a crimp depth (peak to peak
amplitude, from peak to trough) and crimp frequency. The crimped
bristle comprises a crimp depth from about 0.005 inch to about 0.03
inches, alternatively from about 0.010 inch to about 0.020 inch.
The crimped bristles comprise a crimp frequency of from about 2 to
about 10 crimps per inch, alternatively from about 3 to about 7
crimps per inch.
[0077] Without wishing to be bound by theory it is believed that
the larger space between crimped bristles allows each bristle to
fluctuate further when the brush is being rubbed against the
intended surface. This space allows the bristles to provide
increased mechanical action and enhances the aeration of the
composition. When used with a shaving composition, this mechanical
action creates additional lather, lifts the hair on the surface for
easier cutting, and aids exfoliation of the skin.
Bristle Composition
[0078] In one embodiment, the bristles are made of a composition
which is flexible yet resilient to allow for repeated uses. In one
embodiment, the bristle comprises a material having a young's
modulus of from about 0.2 GPa to about 9 GPa, or from about 1 GPa
to about 5 GPa, or from about 2 GPa to about 4 GPa. Where stiffer
brushes or portions of the brush are desired a bristle comprising a
material having a young's modulus of from about 4 GPa to about 9
GPa can be used. Where softer more pliable brushes or portions of
the brush are used, the material can have a young's modulus from
about 0.2 GPa to about 4 GPa. In another embodiment, the brush
comprises varying types of bristles which can be grouped into
various regions. For example, in one region of the bristles can
include the stiffer bristles, such as around the outer edges of the
brush. Another region of the bristles can have a group of softer or
more pliable bristles. This region of bristles could be located
towards the center of the brush. In another embodiment the stiffer
or softer regions of bristles can be used to form one or more rings
in the brush, concentric or not.
[0079] Another embodiment of the present invention provides for a
brush, wherein the plurality of bristles comprises a bristle
resistance of from about 1 to about 6 grams. Yet another embodiment
provides for brush, wherein the plurality of bristles is
hydrophobic and can be made of nylon or polybutylene terephthalate
(PBT).
Bristle Tip
[0080] In one embodiment, at least one of said bristles comprises a
tapered or rounded tip. Non treated bristles can also be included.
In one embodiment, the plurality of bristles comprises any
combination of tapered, rounded or untreated bristles. The tapered
end would be one where the cross section of the bristle gradually
decreases as it approaches the proximal end. For example, in one
embodiment, a tapered bristle has a gradual decrease in the cross
section of the bristle starting at about 10 mm from the terminal
end of the bristle, or about 6 mm, or about 3 mm. Without intending
to be bound by theory, it is believed that the longer the tapering,
the softer the bristle may feel when placed in contact with skin. A
rounded end would be one where the edges of the proximal end of the
bristle are rounded.
[0081] In one embodiment, the tapered bristle is made of
polybutylene terephthalate. Non-limiting examples of commercially
available tapered bristles from various bristle suppliers such as
Tae Geuk Corp. of South Korea, Toray Microfilaments which markets
Acras sharp tapered bristles, Cixi Jieda Nanometer Compound
Materials Co. of China which markets polyester tapered bristles,
and Samyang PBT Manufacturing Company of Korea which markets PBT
Tapered bristles made up of PBT Monofilaments. In another
embodiment, where a rounded tip bristle is desired, the bristle can
be made of nylon or PBT.
Bristle Placement
[0082] In one embodiment, the plurality of bristles can be grouped
as a single tuft. A tuft of bristles, as defined herein are a
region where the bristles are placed together or in close
proximity. In another embodiment, the plurality of bristles are
grouped into more than one tuft, for example from about 4 to about
100 tufts. These tufts can be separated by regions of the base
where no bristles are placed. Non-limiting examples of brushes
having multiple tufts are available in US2009263175A1 at FIG. 1 and
US2009263174A1 at FIG. 1. An example of a brush having a single
tuft is disclosed in US2010/0239358A1 at FIG. 7.
[0083] Without intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that
multi-tufted brushes can create voids between the tufts where
composition can run down and collect. In certain embodiments, where
multi-tufting of bristles is combined with a concave region on the
non-flat surface of the base, the gaps can actually be used in
combination with the well to more discreetly collect any excess
composition which may travel down the bristles towards the base
during or after use.
[0084] In comparison, a brush having a single tuft may not have
these voids where the composition will travel down and collect.
Further, where the bristle density of the distal end is greater
than the bristle density of the proximal end, the lower bristle
density towards the proximal end may help drive composition towards
the portion of the brush which is used as a contacting surface.
Composition
[0085] The composition of the present invention comprises any
composition capable of being applied and/or distributed with a
brush. In one embodiment, the compositions of the present invention
include personal care compositions, including cosmetics, lotions,
body washes, shampoos, shave preparations including but not limited
to gels, foams, oils, sprays aerosol and non-aerosol formulations,
and creams, and the like. Additional exemplary compositions which
can be used also include: hair conditioners or treatments, hair,
body or surface cleansers, exfoliants, and skin treatment
preparations (acne, anti-aging, sun protection, etc.) and possibly
anti-perspirants or deodorants. Examples of these and other
suitable compositions are known in the art and are available
commercially. The compositions may further comprise aerosol,
pressurized gas, mechanically pressurized, and/or non-pressurized
compositions. Shave preparations of the gel, foam, and creamy types
are also contemplated.
[0086] Exemplary brush heads for use with composition dispensing
devices are illustrated in FIGS. 1-9. For FIGS. 1-2 the brush heads
100 has a plurality of bristles 102 and a base 104. The bristles
form a skin contact region 129 which is opposite said base. In the
illustrated embodiment, the brush 100 comprises a dispensing tube
106 that is fluidly connected to the base 104 and capable of
transmitting a composition outside of the container through the
base 104 between the plurality of bristles 132. Composition flowing
through said dispensing tube and the region of the plurality of
bristles forms the flow path 130. Although FIG. 1 shows the
dispensing tube flowing into the brush, the fluid flow path can be
made entirely of the region of bristles. In one embodiment, the
region of bristles 132 is a region of low bristle population as
defined above. The dispensing devise 106 comprises at least one
entrance orifice 112 and at least one exit orifice 108. Stabilizers
110 can be utilized to secure the base 104 of the brush 100 to a
container (not shown).
[0087] FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, where the dispensing tube
comprises a central axis 140. At least a portion of said dispensing
tube is not parallel to said central axis. In one embodiment, a
portion of the dispensing tube forms an angle of from abut
0.degree. to about 90.degree., or from about 30.degree. to about
60, or about 45.degree., with said central axis. The dispensing
tube shown in FIG. 3 includes two dispensing arms 136 which form
roughly 90.degree. with said central axis. In one embodiment, more
than two dispensing arms are included. Further, the dispensing tube
can also include additional exit orifice 138 which can be
positioned anywhere along said dispensing tube such that
composition dispensed will be able to travel through said brush. As
explained above, when a dispensing tube is provided in the brush,
the area above said dispensing tube, would typically be free of any
bristles. In FIG. 3, the area above said dispensing arms would be
free of bristles because any bristles formed there below would need
to be pushed out of the way to accommodate the dispensing arms. As
such, the skin contacting region can have a region of low bristle
population 120 generally above the dispensing tube and/or
dispensing arms. The bristle density at the proximal end would
still be lower than the bristle density at the distal end. FIG. 4
shows a bottom view of the brush head of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 shows a top
view of that same brush head, showing the region of low bristle
population 120 being visible from the top and potentially exposing
said dispensing arms and/or dispensing tube.
[0088] FIG. 6 shows a side view of yet another embodiment of the
present invention, wherein the plurality of bristles 102 forms a
flow path 132 which leads away from said base but is in fluid
communication with a dispensing tube 106 which would be in fluid
communication with a composition present within a container. Flow
path terminates at exit orifice 122 allowing dispensed fluid to sit
in recess 120. The brush has a cross section plane 139 which is
perpendicular to said central axis, forming both a cross section
area for the brush as well as the recess. The recess has having a
cross section area 127 with a specific cross sectional area. In one
embodiment, the recess cross section area is from about 10% to
about 75% of said brush cross section area 137. FIG. 7 shows an
angled view of the same brush head shown in FIG. 6.
[0089] FIGS. 8 and 9 provide side and angled views of yet another
brush head 100 in accordance with at least one embodiment of the
present invention. Shown here is a plurality of bristles 102
forming multiple flow paths, in this case three, wherein each flow
path forms an exit orifice 121. In one embodiment, the area of the
flow path which allows for lateral movement of the composition,
144, can be present above or below the base. Preferably the lateral
portion of the flow path is below the base so to minimize impact on
bristle placement as they extend away from said base.
[0090] FIGS. 10 and 11 show top planar view of two types of
dispensing tubes suitable for use with the present invention. The
dispensing tubes 132 have interior dividing walls 133 which can be
straight walls or can form concentric tubes, one within another.
Further, although the dispensing tubes are shown to be circular,
non circular shapes can also be used, such as squares, triangles,
and so forth. In one embodiment, the dispensing tube is free of any
interior walls.
[0091] FIG. 12a illustrates a brush having a top surface 210 of the
base 104 which is flat.
[0092] FIG. 12b illustrates a brush having a top surface of the
base 104 which is concave 214.
[0093] FIG. 12c illustrates a brush having a top surface of the
base 104 which is convex 217.
[0094] FIGS. 13a and 13b illustrate two side views of brushes
having non-flat surfaces forming concave regions. The brush of FIG.
13a has a deeper well with a depth 222 of about 11 mm.+-.0.1 mm.
The brush of FIG. 13b has a shallow well with a depth 226 of 5.5
mm.+-.0.1 mm.
[0095] FIG. 14 illustrates a crimped bristle 230 extending out of a
base 104 having a length 234 which can be from about 43 mm to about
47 mm. The bristle can be made of PBT or nylon and can have a
diameter of about 0.17 mm+0.1 mm. The crimp depth 236 can be about
0.55 mm+0.15 mm. The frequency of crimps can be 5 crimps per
inch.
[0096] FIG. 15 illustrates a side view of four different types of
bristles. Bristle 230 has a untreated tip. Bristle 231 has a
tapered tip where the length of tapering can be about 6 mm+1 mm.
Bristle 232 has a more rounded tapered tip. Bristle 233 has a
rounded tip. One or both ends of the bristles can be treated by any
or none of the these treatment methods.
[0097] Another embodiment of the present invention provides for a
brush for providing a composition to a surface comprising: a base;
a plurality of bristles, said plurality of bristles having a distal
end and a proximal end, wherein said distal end is functionally
attached to the base; wherein the distal end has a greater bristle
density than the proximal end.
[0098] Another embodiment of the present invention provides for a
brush, wherein the distal end has a bristle density from about 35%
to about 70% or from about 45% to about 50%. Another embodiment of
the present invention provides for a brush, wherein the plurality
of bristles comprises at least one crimped bristle. Another
embodiment of the present invention provides for a brush, wherein
the at least one crimped bristle comprises a crimp depth from about
0.010 inch to about 0.020 inch and a crimp frequency of from about
3 to about 7 crimps per inch.
[0099] Yet another embodiment provides for a brush for providing a
composition to a surface comprising: a base; a plurality of
bristles, said plurality of bristles having a distal end and a
proximal end, wherein said distal end is functionally attached to
the base; wherein the distal end has a bristle density of greater
than 30% to about 80%; wherein the proximal end has a bristle
density of from about 10% to at most 30%. In one embodiment, the
brush has the distal end with a bristle density from about 35% to
about 70%, or from about 45% to about 50%. In one embodiment, the
plurality of bristles comprises at least one crimped bristle. In
one embodiment, the plurality of bristles comprises a bristle
resistance of from about 1 to about 6 grams. The plurality of
bristles can be hydrophobic and can be made of nylon
[0100] In another embodiment, the brush comprises: a base; a
plurality of bristles, said plurality of bristles having a distal
end and a proximal end, wherein said distal end is functionally
attached to the base; a dispensing device fluidly engaged to the
base, capable of allowing the composition to flow through the base;
wherein the distal end has a bristle density of from greater than
30% to about 80%; wherein the proximal end has a bristle density of
from about 10% to at most 30%. In one embodiment, the dispensing
device is capable of dispensing the composition in a direction that
is substantially non-parallel to the plurality of bristles. In
another embodiment, the dispensing device is capable of dispensing
the composition in a direction that is substantially perpendicular
to the plurality of bristles. In yet another embodiment, the distal
end has a bristle density from about 40% to about 60%.
[0101] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be
understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values
recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension
is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension
disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".
[0102] It should be understood that every maximum numerical
limitation given throughout this specification will include every
lower numerical limitation, as if such lower numerical limitations
were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation
given throughout this specification will include every higher
numerical limitation, as if such higher numerical limitations were
expressly written herein. Every numerical range given throughout
this specification will include every narrower numerical range that
falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower
numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.
[0103] All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the
Invention are, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference;
the citation of any document is not to be construed as an admission
that it is prior art with respect to the present invention. To the
extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this written
document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the term in a
document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition
assigned to the term in this written document shall govern.
[0104] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those
skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can
be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims
all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of
this invention.
* * * * *