U.S. patent application number 13/556067 was filed with the patent office on 2012-11-15 for portable medicine cooler having an electronic cooling controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry and method of operation thereof.
This patent application is currently assigned to Kewl Innovations, LLC. Invention is credited to Michael R. Wilkinson, H. Michael Willey.
Application Number | 20120285180 13/556067 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40562078 |
Filed Date | 2012-11-15 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120285180 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Wilkinson; Michael R. ; et
al. |
November 15, 2012 |
PORTABLE MEDICINE COOLER HAVING AN ELECTRONIC COOLING CONTROLLER
AND MEDICINE EFFICACY INDICATION CIRCUITRY AND METHOD OF OPERATION
THEREOF
Abstract
A portable medicine cooler is provided herein. In one
embodiment, the portable medicine cooler includes: (1) a
self-cooling and receiving structure including a thermoelectric
cooler, a vial receiver and a heat sink, wherein the thermoelectric
cooler thermally couples the vial receiver to the heat sink, (2) a
battery configured to provide power to the thermoelectric cooler
and (3) a thermoelectric cooler controller configured to employ the
battery to control moving heat between the vial receiver and the
heat sink based on an external temperature representing a
temperature outside of the portable medicine cooler and an internal
temperature representing a temperature of the vial receiver.
Inventors: |
Wilkinson; Michael R.;
(Richardson, TX) ; Willey; H. Michael; (Garland,
TX) |
Assignee: |
Kewl Innovations, LLC
Plano
TX
|
Family ID: |
40562078 |
Appl. No.: |
13/556067 |
Filed: |
July 23, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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|
12240978 |
Sep 29, 2008 |
8225616 |
|
|
13556067 |
|
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60981876 |
Oct 23, 2007 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
62/3.62 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F25D 2400/36 20130101;
F25B 21/02 20130101; F25D 2700/02 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
62/3.62 |
International
Class: |
F25B 21/02 20060101
F25B021/02 |
Claims
1. A portable medicine cooler, comprising: a self-cooling and
receiving structure including a thermoelectric cooler, a vial
receiver and a heat sink, wherein said thermoelectric cooler
thermally couples said vial receiver to said heat sink; a battery
configured to provide power to said thermoelectric cooler; and a
thermoelectric cooler controller configured to employ said battery
to control moving heat between said vial receiver and said heat
sink based on an external temperature representing a temperature
outside of said portable medicine cooler and an internal
temperature representing a temperature of said vial receiver.
2. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 wherein said
thermoelectric cooler controller is configured to adjust a
magnitude and a direction of current to said thermoelectric cooler
to control said moving heat between said vial receiver and said
heat sink based on said external temperature and said internal
temperature.
3. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 further
comprising a processor and memory configured to generate commands
to direct operation of said thermoelectric cooler controller.
4. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 wherein said
processor and memory is configured to determine efficacy of
medicine vials stored in said vial receiver.
5. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 wherein said
processor and memory is configured to indicate presence of a
medicine vial in said vial receiver.
6. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 further
comprising a power manager configured to monitor capacity of said
battery.
7. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 further
comprising an indicator configured to provide an indication of a
condition of said portable medicine cooler.
8. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 7 wherein said
condition is selected from the group consisting of: an open door, a
battery capacity, and an efficacy of a medicine vial.
9. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 further
comprising a vial sensor configured to indicate the presence of a
medicine vial in said vial receiver.
10. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 further
comprising a door configured to allow access to said vial receiver
and a door sensor configured to indicate when said door is
open.
11. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 1 wherein said
processor and memory is configured to employ said thermoelectric
cooler controller to dynamically regulate a temperature of said
vial receiver.
12. A portable medicine cooler, comprising: a shell having a door
configured to provide access to a cavity within said shell for
containing a medicine to be cooled; a self-cooling and receiving
structure located within said shell and including a thermoelectric
cooler interposing a vial receiver and a heat sink with a hollow
core, wherein said thermoelectric cooler connects said heat sink to
said vial receiver; an internal temperature sensor configured to
provide an internal temperature within said shell; an external
temperature sensor configured to provide an external temperature of
a temperature outside of said shell; a battery located within said
shell and configured to provide power to said thermoelectric
cooler; and a processor configured to dynamically regulate, based
on both of said external temperature and said internal temperature,
a cooling temperature associated with said vial receiver by
directing delivery of said power to said thermoelectric cooler to
control movement of heat between said vial receiver and said heat
sink.
13. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 further
comprising an indicator selected from the group consisting of at
least one light-emitting diode and a liquid-crystal display and
configured to provide an indication of an operation of said
portable medicine cooler.
14. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 wherein
said battery is located within said hollow core.
15. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 wherein
said processor is configured to determine efficacy of medicine
stored in said vial receiver.
16. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 further
comprising a visual indicator to indicate conditions of said
portable medicine cooler.
17. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 further
comprising a door configured to allow access to said vial receiver
and a door sensor configured to indicate when said door is
open.
18. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 further
comprising a vial sensor configured to indicate whether a vial is
contained within said vial sensor.
19. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 further
comprising an alarm configured to issue a warning indicating a
condition of said portable medicine cooler.
20. The portable medicine cooler as recited in claim 12 wherein
said portable medicine cooler is sized to fit entirely within a
briefcase.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser.
No. 12/240,978 filed on Sep. 29, 2008 entitled PORTABLE MEDICINE
COOLER HAVING AN ELECTRONIC COOLING CONTROLLER AND MEDICINE
EFFICACY INDICATION CIRCUITRY AND METHOD OF OPERATION THEREOF,
which claims priority based on U.S. Provisional Patent Application
Ser. No. 60/981,876, filed by Wilkinson, et al., on Oct. 23, 2007,
commonly assigned with this application and incorporated herein by
reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The invention is directed, in general, to medicine storage
containers and, more specifically, to a portable medicine cooler
having electronic cooling control and medicine efficacy indication
circuitry and method of operation thereof.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Certain physical conditions or ailments, such as diabetes or
allergies, require regular applications of medication. In addition,
certain counteractive agents may be required to be available should
emergency situations arise. For example, a person who is allergic
to wasp stings should have access to medication in case of a wasp
sting. In addition, regular and repeated applications of medication
may be required, either taken orally or through injection. Many
persons with diabetes take insulin by injection to control blood
sugar level. Other physical conditions may also require the
repeated application or availability of medication either on a life
long or temporary basis.
[0004] Many medications, however, are subject to rapid degradation
of properties as a result of temperature and other environmental
conditions. Other medications may be sensitive to light and still
others may be sensitive to a combination of light and temperature.
Further, many types of medication, particularly those taken by
injection, are stored in glass bottles or vials which are subject
to breakage if dropped or otherwise traumatized.
[0005] As a result, the mobility of those people requiring a
constant availability of medication is severely restricted. For
example, for one allergic to insect bites, medication must be
administered within minutes and sometimes seconds after an insect
bite to prevent severe complications, or even death. Likewise, a
diabetic must remain near a source of insulin to receive regular
injections or an emergency injection should blood sugar level
dictate. Therefore, it is desired to provide a means of storing
medication such as wasp sting syrum and insulin along with means
for administering it in a protective carrying case so that people
who require medication may travel about with a supply of such
medication.
[0006] However, insulin for example, like many other medications,
must be kept cold, preferably at approximately 35.degree.
Fahrenheit, to maintain its effectiveness. Therefore, people who
wish to travel about in warm temperatures require some means of
transporting insulin in a temperature controlled environment to
maintain it at a desired temperature.
[0007] In addition, insulin manufacturers warn against freezing
insulin. Therefore, it is desired to provide a way to transport
insulin in cold weather that prevents it from reaching the freezing
point. Thus, a portable medicine protector is desired to keep cool
temperatures in and cold temperatures out.
[0008] The prior art evidences a substantially number of efforts to
provide a portable medicine protector for insulin and other
medicines. U.S. Pat. No. 3,148,515 is directed to medicine chests
or kits and has particular reference to portable kits containing a
temporary supply of insulin and hypodermic injection equipment for
use by diabetics while traveling.
[0009] U.S. Pat. No. 4,250,998 is directed to a diabetic travel kit
formed by an insulated container having a cavity in which is
received a cooling medium container having an annular cooling
medium chamber surrounding a top opening compartment. An insulated
lid closes the cavity. Top opening pockets may be formed in the
peripheral walls of the insulated container, and the lid closes the
pockets when the lid is in place closing the cavity.
[0010] U.S. Pat. No. 4,343,158 is directed to a portable, flexible,
refrigerating pouch for carrying and storing insulin needed by
diabetics to prevent it from deterioration is disclosed. The pouch
comprises an insulating layer and a liner whose structure provides
separate compartments for a refrigerating agent, a vial of insulin
and a syringe.
[0011] U.S. Pat. No. 4,407,133 is directed to a
temperature-controlled chamber comprises a portable, insulated
housing with an internal cavity shaped to receive a container of
temperature-sensitive material therein. A thermoelectric element,
or heat pump, has one face in heat-transfer relation with the
housing cavity, and the other face connected with a heat exchanger
having an exterior portion exposed to the atmosphere. A source of
electric power is coupled to the thermoelectric element through a
thermostat control which energizes the thermoelectric element in
response to temperature fluctuations in the housing cavity. The
thermostat control includes switching means to reverse the polarity
of the power supplied to the thermoelectric element as a function
of whether the sensed temperature in the housing cavity is too high
or too low, to alternatively heat or cool the housing cavity as
required to maintain the cavity at a generally constant
temperature.
[0012] U.S. Pat. No. 4,429,793 is directed to a diabetic traveling
case is compact enough to be pocket-sized. The pocket-sized case is
equipped to carry at least one bottle of insulin, as well as a
refrigerant which maintains the insulin at a suitably low
temperature to avoid spoiling.
[0013] U.S. Pat. No. 4,738,364 is directed to a portable medicine
protector for maintaining the temperature of medicine stored
therein from rising above a threshold temperature and for
preventing the temperature of medicine stored therein from falling
below a second threshold temperature consisting of a hollow walled
container having a cavity formed therein. The container is filled
with a suitable liquid which may be frozen in an ordinary household
freezer environment. A depression or cavity is formed in the
container for receiving medicine, such as bottles of liquid
medicine. The bottom and sides of the cavity include a plurality of
ribbed members to prevent direct contact between a medicine bottle
and the side walls of the container. By preventing point contact of
the medicine with the side walls of the container, freezing of the
medicine is inhibited and in most cases prevented. An outer casing
consists of a sleeve of insulating material which may be a pliable
foam. The container is inserted into the case, with the case
providing additional temperature protection and protection from
shock and other trauma. Pockets or other storage areas may be
included on the outside of the case for storing accessories, such
as syringes, alcohol wipes and swabs.
[0014] U.S. Pat. No. 5,704,223 is directed to a personal manually
portable thermoelectric-cooling medicine kit, particularly for
insulin. The medicine in the kit is cooled by a Peltier heat pump.
The vials of medicine inside the kit are tilted to maximize heat
transfer efficiency when the kit is either upright or laid flat. A
cap is provided to shield an insulin vial from ultraviolet
radiation while the case is open and the person is preparing for an
injection. The kit includes components which are Velcro-attached to
the lining of the kit.
[0015] U.S. Pat. No. 5,865,032 is directed to a personal manually
portable thermoelectric-cooling medicine kit, particularly for
insulin. The medicine in the kit is cooled by a Peltier heat pump.
The vials of medicine inside the kit are tilted to maximize heat
transfer efficiency when the kit is either upright or laid flat. A
cap is provided to shield an insulin vial from ultraviolet
radiation while the case is open and the person is preparing for an
injection. The kit includes components which are Velcro-attached to
the lining of the kit.
[0016] U.S. Pat. No. 5,865,314 is directed to an injectable
medication carrying case which includes a top panel, a bottom panel
opposing the top panel, two opposing side panels, two opposing end
panels, and a thermally-insulating divider panel. The top panel,
bottom panel, side panels and end panels can be joined together in
standard fashion at respective edges of the carrying case. The
divider panel partitions the body portion of the case into two
distinct thermally-insulated sides. In this arrangement, the
patient is able to selectively store his injectable medication
supplies in a unitary carrying case, as opposed to a plurality of
carrying cases.
[0017] U.S. Pat. No. 5,956,968 is directed to a portable cold pack
for cold storage and transporting of medicinal vials placed on a
holder. The cold pack has a hollow, thin-walled housing and a base
having a socket depression therein for receiving the holder. The
housing and the base define an interior storage space around the
holder. The hollow walls of the housing contain therein refreezable
liquid for providing cooling energy. The socket depression orients
the holder in the storage space in a close relationship to the
interior surface of the hollow, thin-walled housing so as to
efficiently cool the medicine within the vials. A closure assembly
allows repeated access to the holder within the storage space.
[0018] U.S. Pat. No. 5,934,099 is directed to a container for
storing and transporting vessels containing a composition
susceptible to physicochemical alteration upon changes in
temperature above or below a specified temperature range. The
container includes a first housing having a vessel holder, and a
heat sink disposed within the first housing. A second housing
encloses the first housing, the second housing preferably includes
a metallic material and is of a double-walled construction.
[0019] U.S. Pat. No. 6,935,133 is directed to a temperature control
medicine carrying case having an insulated housing, a plurality of
interior compartments, an interior pouch, a cooling mechanism and a
fastening mechanism, e.g., a zipper closure. The interior surface
of the insulated housing includes two separate portions that are
separated along a central axis. The interior pouch is located on a
first portion of the interior surface of the insulated housing. The
interior pouch is adapted to receive the cooling mechanism. At
least one of the interior compartments is located on the exterior
surface of the interior pouch and is adapted to receive a container
of medicine. A plurality of interior compartments is located on the
second portion of the interior surface. These compartments are
adapted to receive medical devices that are used for administration
of the medicine.
[0020] U.S. Pat. No. 6,253,570 is directed to a traveling bag for
carrying temperature-sensitive medications such as insulin which
includes a sensor monitoring the interior temperature and an
exterior display showing the measured temperature. In one
embodiment the bag interior includes a compartment for storing
medication, an assembly for securely holding three insulin pens,
and a compartment for holding a container of freezing material. A
second embodiment of the bag omits the freezing material
compartment.
[0021] U.S. Pat. No. 6,959,814 is directed to a portable insulin
and accessory kit for diabetics that is a case made of polymeric or
waterproof material having an inside portion divided in three equal
sections, each section securing and storing insulin and accessories
such as an insulin pen or syringe, alcohol cloths or similar
accessories for sterilization and a supply of additional needles.
The kit is foldable and provides hook and loop fasteners for a
secure closure. In addition, a polymeric, portable insulin storage
box is provided having a hingedly attached cover attached to a
bottom portion having divided sections for the storage of insulin
and accessories such as an insulin pen or syringe, alcohol cloths
or similar accessories for sterilization and a supply of additional
needles.
[0022] U.S. Pat. No. 6,044,650 is directed to a container for
storing and transporting vessels containing a liquid composition
susceptible to physico-chemical alteration upon changes in
temperature above or below a specified temperature. It comprises an
enclosure having a lower portion, a top portion and a side portion
between the lower and top portions thereby defining an inner space.
A lower portion of the enclosure contains a first heat sink within
a base, comprising a thermal energy absorbing substance. A vial
holder in the inner space holds one or more of the vessels in the
inner space above the first heat sink and substantially spaced from
an insulated insert inside of the enclosure. An insulating gas is
contained in the inner space. A temperature indicator in the inner
space indicates when the inner space has been subjected to
temperatures below a predetermined level.
[0023] U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2005/0016895 is
directed to a travel case for transporting insulin is provided with
an outer bottle with an outer bottle cap, an inner bottle with an
inner bottle cap, fins, and a means to thermally insulate the outer
bottle. The inner bottle is located within the outer bottle. The
fins are attached to and protrude radially from the inner bottle,
thus acting to keep the inner bottle centrally located within and
relative to the outer bottle, as well as to keep the inner bottle
in a substantially upright position within the outer bottle. The
inner bottle is adapted to receive one or more bottles of insulin.
In use, ice is added to the outer bottle between the fins, the ice
acting as a heat sink to keep the insulin bottles cold within the
inner bottle.
[0024] U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2005/0081558 is
directed to a portable container including: a box member, a
Stirling cooler as a temperature controlling unit for refrigerating
the inside of the box member, an operation unit for controlling the
Stirling cooler, and handles for supporting the box member by
grasping. Cutouts are formed between an upper surface of the box
member and both side surfaces thereof, the operation unit is
provided on one of the cutouts, and the handles are provided
outwardly relative to the cutouts respectively.
[0025] U.S. Pat. No. 7,240,513 is directed to a portable
thermally-controlled container system includes an outer case
providing a first inner chamber and configured to have an open
position and a closed position, when in the open position the outer
case is configured to receive items into the first inner chamber
and when in the closed position the outer case is configured to
inhibit heat transfer between the first inner chamber and a region
external to the outer case, and an inner case configured to fit in
the chamber provided by the outer case, the inner case including a
first thermally-reflective layer and a first insulation layer
disposed inwardly of the first thermally-reflective layer, the
inner case providing a second inner chamber disposed inwardly of
the first insulation layer.
[0026] In general, the particular portable medicine coolers
described above are substantially limited in terms of the length of
time they can cool, the accuracy and sophistication with which they
can monitor, control and report temperature and by extension
indicate potential issues with medicinal efficacy, their
portability or their flexibility. What is needed in the art is a
superior portable medicine cooler and an accompanying method of
operating such a cooler.
SUMMARY
[0027] To address the above-discussed deficiencies of the prior
art, one aspect of the invention provides a portable medicine
cooler. In one embodiment, the portable medicine cooler includes:
(1) a self-cooling and receiving structure including a
thermoelectric cooler, a vial receiver and a heat sink, wherein the
thermoelectric cooler thermally couples the vial receiver to the
heat sink, (2) a battery configured to provide power to the
thermoelectric cooler and (3) a thermoelectric cooler controller
configured to employ the battery to control moving heat between the
vial receiver and the heat sink based on an external temperature
representing a temperature outside of the portable medicine cooler
and an internal temperature representing a temperature of the vial
receiver.
[0028] Another aspect of the invention provides another embodiment
of a portable medicine cooler. In this embodiment, the portable
medicine cooler includes: (1) a shell having a door configured to
provide access to a cavity within the shell for containing a
medicine to be cooled, (2) a self-cooling and receiving structure
located within the shell and including a thermoelectric cooler
interposing a vial receiver and a heat sink with a hollow core,
wherein the thermoelectric cooler connects the heat sink to the
vial receiver, (3) an internal temperature sensor configured to
provide an internal temperature within the shell, (4) an external
temperature sensor configured to provide an external temperature of
a temperature outside of the shell, (5) a battery located within
the shell and configured to provide power to the thermoelectric
cooler and (6) a processor configured to dynamically regulate,
based on both of the external temperature and the internal
temperature, a cooling temperature associated with the vial
receiver by directing delivery of the power to the thermoelectric
cooler to control movement of heat between the vial receiver and
the heat sink.
[0029] The foregoing has outlined certain aspects and embodiments
of the invention so that those skilled in the pertinent art may
better understand the detailed description of the invention that
follows. Additional aspects and embodiments will be described
hereinafter that form the subject of the claims of the invention.
Those skilled in the pertinent art should appreciate that they can
readily use the disclosed aspects and embodiments as a basis for
designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same
purposes of the invention. Those skilled in the pertinent art
should also realize that such equivalent constructions do not
depart from the scope of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] For a more complete understanding of the invention,
reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0031] FIG. 1 is an isometric view of one embodiment of a portable
medicine cooler having electronic cooling control constructed
according to the principles of the invention;
[0032] FIG. 2 is a right-side elevational view of the portable
medicine cooler of FIG. 1;
[0033] FIG. 3 is a left-side elevational view of the portable
medicine cooler of FIG. 1;
[0034] FIG. 4A is a rear-side elevational view of the portable
medicine cooler of FIG. 1;
[0035] FIG. 4B is a front-side elevational view of the portable
medicine cooler of FIG. 1;
[0036] FIG. 5A is a top-side plan view of the portable medicine
cooler of FIG. 1;
[0037] FIG. 5B is a bottom-side plan view of the portable medicine
cooler of FIG. 1;
[0038] FIG. 6 is an isometric view of one embodiment of a cooling
and receiver structure for the portable medicine cooler of FIG.
1;
[0039] FIG. 7 is a left-side elevational view of one embodiment of
a cooling and receiver structure for the portable medicine cooler
of FIG. 1;
[0040] FIG. 8 is a block diagram of one embodiment of electronic
cooling controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry
constructed according to the principles of the invention; and
[0041] FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method of
operating a portable medicine cooler having electronic cooling
control carried out according to the principles of the
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN ASPECTS AND EMBODIMENTS
[0042] Disclosed herein are various embodiments of portable
medicine cooler. The disclosed embodiments have some elements in
common, namely a heat sink (a body of any shape that receives and
dissipates heat), a battery (of any conventional or later-developed
type), a TEC (also called a Peltier device) and an electronic
cooling controller (which may take the form of a separate
integrated circuit, or IC, chips mounted on a printed-circuit board
PCB).
[0043] The portable medicine cooler is a solid-state, thermally
regulated cooling system designed originally for insulin or other
medicinal storage for maintaining and monitoring the temperature of
medicine supplies to increase the likelihood of their continued
potency. The portable medicine cooler may assume many different
embodiments. In a first embodiment, the portable medicine cooler is
small and accepts a single medicine vial. The first embodiment
portable medicine cooler is highly portable, generally pocketable,
tolerates a reasonable range of temperatures and is suitable for
use during a given day. In a second embodiment, the portable
medicine cooler is somewhat larger and accepts two medicine vials.
The second embodiment portable medicine cooler is stowable in a
briefcase or laptop computer bag, tolerates a wider range of
temperatures and is suitable for use overnight. In a third
embodiment, the portable medicine cooler approximates the size of a
small toaster and holds several medicine vials. The third
embodiment portable medicine cooler is packable in a small
suitcase, tolerates a wide range of temperatures and is suitable
for use over several days, such as a weekend. The second embodiment
will now be described, with the understanding that the first and
third embodiments are constructed using the same principles.
[0044] FIG. 1 is an isometric view of one embodiment of a portable
medicine cooler 100 having electronic cooling control constructed
according to the principles of the invention. The portable medicine
cooler 100 has a shell 110 which may be opaque and molded,
high-impact plastic or formed of another suitable material. The
shell 110 has a door 120 that may pivot or slide relative to the
remainder of the shell 110 to reveal a cavity for containing the
medicine to be cooled. A latch 130 may be provided to secure the
door 120 in its closed position. A grille 140 may reside in an
opening formed in a side of the shell 110. The grille 140 allows
air to pass into a portion of the shell in which a heat sink (not
shown in FIG. 1) is located. The grille 140 may be formed of
high-impact plastic, metal or of another suitable material. The
grille 140 may be a separate piece as shown or integral with the
shell 110. A further grille 150 may be located in one or both of
the ends of the shell 110. The further grille 150 also allows air
to pass into the portion of the shell in which the heat sink is
located. The further grille 150 may be formed of high-impact
plastic, metal or of another suitable material. The further grille
150 may be a separate piece or integral with the shell 110 as
shown.
[0045] A liquid-crystal display (LCD) 160 is located on one side of
the shell 110. As will be described later, the LCD 160 may be used
to communicate information about the portable medicine cooler 100
and/or the medicine contained therein to a user. The user may use
one or more buttons 170 located on one side of the shell 110 to
change the operation of the portable medicine cooler 110, the
contents of the LCD 160 or any other purpose as the electronic
cooling controller may provide. FIG. 2 is a right-side elevational
view of the portable medicine cooler of FIG. 1 that shows many of
the elements shown in FIG. 1.
[0046] FIG. 3 is a left-side elevational view of the portable
medicine cooler of FIG. 1. Like FIG. 2, FIG. 3 shows many of the
elements shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 also shows a port 310, which may
be a Type B Universal Serial Bus (USB) receptacle. The port 310
may, of course, be of any other conventional or later-discovered
type.
[0047] In the illustrated embodiment, the port 310 is employed to
receive a cable of a plug-in recharger, allowing the recharger to
recharge one or more batteries (not shown) within the shell 110 of
the portable medicine cooler 100. In another embodiment, the port
310 is employed to receive a cable that allows data to be
transferred to or from the electronic cooling controller (not
shown) that is within the shell 110 of the portable medicine cooler
100. The data may be used to load parameters or software into the
portable medicine cooler 100 that together control its operation or
extract from the portable medicine cooler 100 historical
information (e.g., logs) regarding its operation for external
analysis or reporting.
[0048] FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5A and 5B present rear-side elevational,
front-side elevational, top-side plan and bottom-side plan views of
the portable medicine cooler of FIG. 1. FIG. 4B shows the
illustrated embodiment of the grille 140 more thoroughly, while
FIG. 5A shows the illustrated embodiment of the latch 130. FIGS. 5A
and 5B respectively show top and bottom ends of a generally
cylindrical heat sink 510 viewed through slots in the further
grille 150. Screws or bolts (shown but unreferenced) may be
employed to mount the heat sink 510 and other internal components
of the portable medicine cooler 100 within the shell 110. In one
embodiment, the heat sink 510, being generally cylindrical, is
configured to receive one or more batteries in a hollow core
thereof. Batteries often have a slightly higher capacity at higher
operating temperatures. Locating batteries in the hollow core of
the heat sink 510 serves to extend battery life when the portable
medicine cooler of FIG. 1 is cooling.
[0049] The heat sink 510 is part of an overall cooling and
receiving structure, one embodiment of which is shown in FIG. 6 and
will now be described. FIG. 6 is an isometric view of one
embodiment of a cooling and receiver structure for the portable
medicine cooler of FIG. 1. As stated above, the illustrated
embodiment of the portable medicine cooler 100 is configured to
receive and store two vials of medicine. "Vials" is a generic term
defined to include generally elongated packages including tubes,
ampules, cartridges and pens, such as Novodisk insulin pens, Lilly
insulin pens or Lantus insulin pens or cartridge systems.
Accordingly, FIG. 6 shows the generally cylindrical heat sink 510
as having a plurality of unreferenced fins radiating outwardly.
Though not necessary to the illustrated embodiment, the fins
increase the overall surface area of the heat sink 510 and thereby
its capacity to dissipate heat.
[0050] A TEC 610 is located in thermal communication with the heat
sink 510. Those skilled in the pertinent art understand that a TEC
acts as a heat pump in response to an electrical current applied
via terminals thereof (not shown) and pumps heat from one of its
sides to the other based on the magnitude and direction of the
current. A general discussion of TECs is outside of the scope of
this disclosure. However, a particular TEC suitable for use in the
context of the embodiment of FIG. 6 is commercially available from
the Melcor division of Laird Technologies of Trenton, N.J.
[0051] A vial receiver 620 is associated, and may be in thermal
communication, with the TEC 610. The vial receiver 620 is
configured to receive one or more medicine vials. In the embodiment
of FIG. 6, the vial receiver 620 is configured to receive two
medicine vials 630, 640 as shown. The vial receiver 620 of FIG. 6
is configured to be in substantial thermal communication with the
vials 630, 640 such that it can remove any excess heat efficiently.
The medicine vials 630, 640 may be of the same or a different
physical configuration (i.e., length, diameter, composition or
operation). The vial receiver 620 may be a simple container as FIG.
6 shows or may incorporate an ejection structure that includes a
spring-loaded J-slot. As those skilled in the pertinent art
understand, a spring-loaded J-slot is actuated by the insertion of
an object (e.g., vial) by retracting to and remaining in a
retracted position. If the object is subsequently pressed, the
spring-loaded J-slot initially retracts somewhat and then extends
to and remains in an extended position which urges and ejects the
object such that it protrudes. In the context of FIG. 6, the vial
(630 or 640) whichever the user intended) would protrude for easier
removal from the portable medicine cooler 100 of FIG. 1.
[0052] The thermal operation of the cooling and receiver structure
is straightforward. Under control of the TEC 610, heat is moved
between the vial receiver 620 and the heat sink 510. Most often, it
is expected that the TEC 610 moves heat from the vial receiver 620
to the heat sink 510. In this way, heat is moved into or out of the
medicine vials 630, 640 in a controllable manner. Of course, the
TEC 610 may move heat from the heat sink 510 to the vial receiver
620 to warm any vials in the vial receiver 620. The invention
encompasses either or both directions of heat flow.
[0053] FIG. 7 is a left-side elevational view of one embodiment of
a cooling and receiver structure for the portable medicine cooler
of FIG. 1. Among other things, FIG. 7 shows in greater detail one
way in which the TEC 610 may be mechanically coupled to the vial
receiver 620. Those skilled in the pertinent art will understand,
however, that the cooling and receiving structure may assume many
different alternative forms and configurations and that the
particular embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7 provide but one example.
[0054] FIG. 8 is a block diagram of one embodiment of electronic
cooling controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800
constructed according to the principles of the invention. At the
core of the electronic cooling controller and medicine efficacy
indication circuitry are a processor and memory 805. The processor
and memory 805 may be of any type, speed and capacity suitable for
a particular embodiment. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the processor
is a general-purpose complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
microprocessor. The type, speed and capacity of the processor and
memory 805 are such that their power consumption is low, but their
capability is sufficient to perform the tasks that the electronic
cooling controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800
is to perform.
[0055] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 includes
an external temperature sensor 810. The external temperature sensor
810 is coupled to the processor and memory 805 and configured to
provide a signal indicating the temperature outside the portable
medicine cooler. The illustrated embodiment of the electronic
cooling controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800
also includes an internal temperature sensor 815. The internal
temperature sensor 815 is coupled to the processor and memory 805
and configured to provide a signal indicating the temperature of
one or more of the medicine vials. Certain embodiments of the
electronic cooling controller and medicine efficacy indication
circuitry 800 may include one or more other temperature sensors in
addition to or in lieu of the external temperature sensor 810 and
the internal temperature sensor 815. The processor and memory 805
are configured to use one or both of the external temperature
sensor 810 and the internal temperature sensor 815 and perhaps
other temperature sensors to control the TEC 610 of FIG. 6.
[0056] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 includes
a door sensor 820. The door sensor 820 is coupled to the processor
and memory 805 and configured to provide a signal indicating
whether or not the door 120 of FIG. 1 is open or closed. The
illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling controller and
medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 also includes one or
more vial sensors 825. The one or more vial sensors 825 are coupled
to the processor and memory 805 and configured to provide one or
more corresponding signals indicating whether or not vials are
contained in the vial receiver 620 of FIG. 6. The processor and
memory 805 are configured to use the door sensor 820 to indicate to
a user when the door is open, and cooling is being lost. The
processor and memory 805 are configured to use the vial sensors 825
to indicate whether vials are contained in the portable medicine
cooler without requiring the user to open the door and lose
cooling.
[0057] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 includes
a TEC controller 830. The TEC controller 830 responds to commands
by the processor and memory 805 to direct current to the TEC 610 of
FIG. 6. The illustrated embodiment of the TEC controller can adjust
both the magnitude and direction of the current.
[0058] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 may
include one or more of colored light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 835. In
the illustrated embodiment, four LEDs are used: green, yellow, red
and blue. The LED indicators illuminate for a few seconds upon
opening the door 160 of FIG. 1 and are used to indicate the general
(approximate) efficacy of the medicine contained in the portable
medicine cooler. Table 1, below, shows lifetimes of certain
commercially available insulin products.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Lifetimes of Certain Insulin Products
Unopened Unopened Room Opened Refrigerated Temp (59.degree. F.-
(36.degree. F.- (36.degree. F.-46.degree. F.) 86.degree. F.)
86.degree. F.) Lilly Humalog Until Exp. Date Max 28 days Max 28
days and regular (Usually 18 vials months) Humalog Mix Until Exp.
Date Max 28 days Max 10 days pens (Usually 18 (fast/slow) months)
Insulin Pump Until Exp. Date N/A 48 hours Reservoir (Usually 18
months) LANTUS vials Until Exp. Date Max 28 days Max 28 days
(Usually 18 months) LANTUS Until Exp. Date Max 28 days pens and
(Usually 18 Must be 59.degree. F.- Solostar months) 86.degree.
F.
[0059] Efficacies are based on lifetimes and storage conditions. In
the illustrated embodiment, the processor and memory 805 activates
the green LED when refrigeration has remained in proper temperature
specification since the last completed charge cycle. The processor
and memory 805 activates the yellow LED when refrigeration has been
at a reduced capacity predetermined such that the medications
contained in the medicine vials might be at a reduced efficacy. The
processor and memory 805 activates the red LED when refrigeration
has not been maintained such that the medications contained in the
medicine vials are likely to be ineffective or harmful. The
processor and memory 805 activates the blue LED to indicate battery
life. For example, the blue LED may remain on when the battery is
at 80% or more of its capacity; the blue LED may blink slowly
(e.g., <1 Hz) when the battery is between 30% and 80% of its
capacity; and the blue LED may blink quickly (e.g., >2 Hz) when
the battery is between 1% and 30% of its capacity.
[0060] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 may
include an LCD 840, such as the LCD 160 of FIG. 1. The LCD 840 may
be used in addition to or in lieu of the colored LEDs 835 to
indicate operating conditions or other indicia to a user.
[0061] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 may
include an alarm 845, such as a piezoelectric transducer. The alarm
845 may be used in addition to or in lieu of the colored LEDs 835,
the LCD 840 or both to indicate operating conditions or other
indicia to a user or issue warnings requiring the user's
attention.
[0062] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 may
include a power manager 850. In general, the power manager 850 is
tasked with monitoring a battery 855, managing its charge if it is
a chargeable battery and managing its discharge if the battery 855
is subject to memory effects. In the illustrated embodiment, the
battery 855 may be one of the following commercially available
models: a CR123A primary non-rechargeable Li-Ion cell, 3V, 1300
mAh; a RCR123A rechargeable Li-Ion cell, 3V, 750 mAh; a RCR123A
rechargeable Li-Ion cell, 3.6V, 880 mAh; or an 18650 rechargeable
Li-Ion cell, 3.7V, 2200 mAh.
[0063] The illustrated embodiment of the electronic cooling
controller and medicine efficacy indication circuitry 800 may
include a serial interface 860. The serial interface 860 may be a
Type B ("mini") USB interface. The serial interface 860 may be used
to charge the battery 855, provide primary power to the portable
medicine cooler or for data (e.g., logs or software) transfer to or
from the portable medicine cooler. In an alternative embodiment,
another type of interface may be used to charge the batter 855 or
provide primary power to the portable medicine cooler. In yet
another embodiment, another type of data interface may be employed
to transfer data into or out of the portable medicine cooler. Those
skilled in the pertinent art will understand that any combination
or permutation of power or data interface falls within the broad
scope of the invention.
[0064] FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method of
operating a portable medicine cooler having electronic cooling
control carried out according to the principles of the invention.
The method begins in a start step 910. In a step 920, a latch may
be slid and a door may be slid to place at least one medicine vial
containing medicine to be cooled in a cavity in a shell, the shell
having a grille. In a step 930, power is provided to a TEC in a
cooling and receiver structure, the cooling and receiver structure
coupled to the shell and also including a heat sink and a vial
receiver straddling the TEC. In a step 940, the power is controlled
with electronic cooling control and medicine efficacy indication
circuitry coupled to the cooling and receiving structure and
including a processor. In a step 950, providing power to green,
yellow and red LEDs based on an estimated medicine efficacy. In a
step 960, an indication is made to a user when the door is open or
whether a vial is contained in the portable medicine cooler. In a
step 970, a serial interface is employed to charge the battery,
provide primary power to the portable medicine cooler, transfer
data to or from the portable medicine cooler or perform multiple of
these functions. The method ends in an end step 980.
[0065] Those skilled in the art to which the invention relates will
appreciate that other and further additions, deletions,
substitutions and modifications may be made to the described
embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
* * * * *