U.S. patent application number 13/518971 was filed with the patent office on 2012-11-08 for oral care compositions.
This patent application is currently assigned to COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY. Invention is credited to Bernie Blackwell, Barbara Hepler, Prakasarao Mandadi, Jeffrey M. Miller, Lynette Zaidel.
Application Number | 20120282192 13/518971 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 44196393 |
Filed Date | 2012-11-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120282192 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Miller; Jeffrey M. ; et
al. |
November 8, 2012 |
ORAL CARE COMPOSITIONS
Abstract
The present invention relates to oral care compositions with
improved flavor release characteristics and improved taste, and
methods of using the same.
Inventors: |
Miller; Jeffrey M.;
(Sayreville, NJ) ; Zaidel; Lynette; (Cranford,
NJ) ; Blackwell; Bernie; (Ringoes, NJ) ;
Hepler; Barbara; (South Bound Brook, NJ) ; Mandadi;
Prakasarao; (Flemington, NJ) |
Assignee: |
COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY
New York
NY
|
Family ID: |
44196393 |
Appl. No.: |
13/518971 |
Filed: |
December 22, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
December 22, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US10/61711 |
371 Date: |
June 25, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61289444 |
Dec 23, 2009 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
424/52 ; 424/49;
424/53 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61P 29/00 20180101;
A61P 31/00 20180101; A61K 2800/31 20130101; A61K 8/463 20130101;
A61Q 11/00 20130101; A61K 8/22 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/52 ; 424/49;
424/53 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/18 20060101
A61K008/18; A61K 8/22 20060101 A61K008/22; A61K 8/33 20060101
A61K008/33; A61P 31/00 20060101 A61P031/00; A61Q 11/00 20060101
A61Q011/00; A61K 8/21 20060101 A61K008/21; A61P 29/00 20060101
A61P029/00 |
Claims
1. An oral care composition comprising: a whitening agent, wherein
the whitening agent is bound; an anionic surfactant present in an
amount from 1.75% to 2.0% w/w; and an orally acceptable carrier
having a total concentration of water of 0% to 4% w/w and wherein
the water content of the oral care composition is less than 4%
w/w.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is
selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate and
sodium lauryl sulfoacetate.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the whitening agent is a
bound peroxide.
4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the bound peroxide compound
is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide,
peroxides of alkali and alkaline earth metals, organic peroxy
compounds, peroxy acids, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof
and mixtures thereof.
5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the bound peroxide is
hydrogen peroxide and is present in an amount from 0.1% to 2%
w/w.
6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the bound peroxide is
hydrogen peroxide and is present in an amount from 1% to 2%
w/w.
7. The composition of claim 3, wherein the bound peroxide includes
a peroxide compound and a cross-linked polymer.
8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the cross-linked polymer is
selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone,
polyacrylate, a polymethacrylate and polyitaconates.
9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the whitening agent is
present in an amount from 0.1% to 30% w/w.
10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is
present in an amount from 1.8% to 2% w/w.
11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is
present in the amount of 2% w/w.
12. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water content of the
orally acceptable carrier is from 0% to 2% w/w.
13. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water content of the
orally acceptable carrier is from 0% to 1% w/w.
14. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water content of the
orally acceptable carrier is less than 0.1% w/w.
15. The composition of claim 1, wherein the orally acceptable
carrier is selected from the group consisting of polymers and
copolymers of polyethylene glycol, ethylene oxide and propylene
oxide.
16. The composition of claim 1, wherein the carrier further
comprises fumed silica, an abrasive, a poloxamer and a flavoring
agent.
17. The composition of claim 1, further comprising a fluoride
salt.
18. The composition of claim 1, further comprising an active agent
selected from the group consisting of an antimicrobial agent, an
anti-inflammatory agent, a zinc salt and triclosan.
19. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises a
single phase.
20. A method of improving patient compliance with an oral care
composition, comprising applying to an oral surface an effective
amount of the oral care composition of claim 1.
21. A method of whitening a tooth surface, the method comprising
contacting the tooth surface with a composition of claim 1.
22. An oral care composition according to claim 1 for use in a
method of improving patient compliance with an oral care
composition, said method comprising applying to an oral surface an
effective amount of the oral care composition.
23. An oral care composition according to claim 1 for use in a
method of whitening a tooth surface, said method comprising
contacting the tooth surface with the oral care composition.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent
Application No. 61/289,444 filed on 23 Dec. 2009, which is
incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Many individuals desire a "bright" smile and white teeth,
and consider dull and stained teeth cosmetically unattractive.
Unfortunately, without preventive or remedial measures, stained
teeth are almost inevitable due to the absorbent nature of dental
material. Everyday activities such as smoking or other oral use of
tobacco products, and eating, chewing or drinking certain foods and
beverages (in particular coffee, tea and red wine), cause
undesirable staining of surfaces of teeth. Staining can also result
from microbial activity, including that associated with dental
plaque. The chromogens or color causing substances in these
materials become part of the pellicle layer and can permeate the
enamel layer. Even with regular brushing and flossing, years of
chromogen accumulation can impart noticeable tooth
discoloration.
[0003] There are a variety of compositions described in the art for
preventing or treating the discoloration of teeth. In particular,
to combat staining and brighten or restore the natural enamel
color, a variety of products containing bleaching materials are
commercially available for professional and consumer use. The
materials most commonly used in teeth whitening today are
peroxides. Peroxides are generally deemed safe from a physiological
standpoint, and can be effective to whiten teeth. Such peroxides
include hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, sodium perborate,
and sodium percarbonate. When these peroxides are in appropriate
contact with teeth they will usually oxidize stains, rendering
teeth whiter.
[0004] Professional dental treatments frequently include a tooth
surface preparation such as acid etching followed by the
application of highly concentrated bleaching solutions (e.g., up to
37% hydrogen peroxide) and/or the application of heat or light.
These procedures provide rapid results, but are expensive, and
often require several trips to the dentist. Alternatively, at-home
bleaching systems can be used. These systems have gained
significant popularity in the past decade because of reduced cost,
and increased convenience. Instead of time consuming and frequent
trips to the dentist, the tooth whitener is purchased at a consumer
retail store and may be easily integrated into the daily hygiene
program.
[0005] Current home treatment methods include abrasive toothpastes,
toothpastes that produce oxides, whitening gels for use with a
dental tray and whitening strips. The effectiveness of such
techniques depends on a variety of factors including the type and
intensity of the stain, bleaching agent contact time on the teeth,
the amount of available bleaching active in the composition, and
consumer compliance. Effectiveness is also dependent on the amount
of bleaching active in the composition, the ability of the active
to be released during use, and the stability of the active in the
product. However, the effectiveness of many of these treatments is
adversely affected because of deficiencies in one or more factors
relating to the composition and consumer compliance.
[0006] The use of surfactants in dentifrice compositions is well
known in the art. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,256,402 reports
dentrifice compositions, wherein a nonionic surfactant is present
in the amount of 1.2% w/w; and U.S. Patent Application No.
2007/0071695 discloses sodium lauryl sulfate in an amount of 1.2%
by weight.
[0007] It also is known to incorporate sodium lauryl sulfate in
whitening dentifrices having moderate to high levels of water. Most
aqueous non-peroxide commercial whitening dentifrices include at
most 1.2% sodium lauryl sulfate by weight. However, to maintain
peroxide stability in peroxide-containing whitening dentifrices, a
low water system is required which can impart negative taste
attributes due to lower flavor release and peroxide taste. For
example, low water formulations of superior whitening formulations
containing 1-2% hydrogen peroxide having 1.2% sodium lauryl sulfate
showed poor flavor release in spite of containing a flavor content
of 2.25% by weight, which exceeds the normal flavor level from 1%
to 1.5%. In dentifrices containing low levels of water or which are
substantially nonaqueous, such conventional low levels of sodium
lauryl sulfate result in poor flavor release on brushing and
consequently an unpleasant taste in the mouth.
[0008] Thus, there is an ongoing need for whitening oral care
compositions that have an improved flavor release thereby providing
an enhanced organoleptic testing experience.
SUMMARY
[0009] Some embodiments of the present invention provide oral care
compositions having improved flavor and flavor release
characteristics. Some embodiments comprise a whitening agent, an
anionic surfactant in an amount from 1.75 to 2% w/w, and an orally
acceptable carrier having a low water content.
[0010] In some embodiments, the whitening oral care composition is
a single phase composition having improved flavor, comprising a
peroxide whitening agent, an anionic surfactant, and a
substantially anhydrous orally acceptable carrier. In some
embodiments, the anionic surfactant comprises sodium lauryl
sulfate. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant is present in
an amount from 1.75% to 2% w/w. In further embodiments, the anionic
surfactant is present in an amount from 1.8% to 2.0% w/w. In other
embodiments, the anionic surfactant is present in an amount from
1.8% to 2.0% w/w. In other embodiments, the anionic surfactant is
present in an amount from 1.9% to 2.0% w/w. Still further
embodiments provide oral care compositions in which the anionic
surfactant is present in the amount of 2.0% w/w.
[0011] In some embodiments, the whitening agent is selected from
the group consisting of: hydrogen peroxide; a bound peroxide; and a
solid. In some embodiments, the bound peroxide comprises hydrogen
peroxide and a polymer. In some embodiments, the bound peroxide
comprises any peroxide compound and a porous cross-linked polymer,
such as polymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylates, a
polymethacrylates, and a polyitaconates. In some embodiments, the
solid peroxide is sodium perborate or urea peroxide.
[0012] Other aspects of the invention provide methods of whitening
teeth by contacting one or more tooth surface(s) with the whitening
dentifrice compositions described herein.
[0013] Compositions and methods described herein afford benefits
over compositions and methods known in the art. Such benefits
include, inter alia, enhanced flavor release characteristics
resulting in improved flavor availability and improved taste.
Further benefits and embodiments will be readily apparent to
persons having ordinary skill in the art from a review of the
detailed description set forth herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] As used herein, the term "low water content" means the total
concentration of water, including any free water and all water
contained in any ingredients, is less than 4%.
[0015] As used herein, the term "whitening agent" refers to a
material that is effective in whitening a tooth surface to which it
is applied.
[0016] As used herein, the term "peroxide compound" refers to an
oxidizing compound comprising a bivalent oxygen-oxygen group.
[0017] In some embodiments, the present invention provides oral
care compositions and methods for administration, or application
to, a human or other animal subject. As referred to herein, an
"oral care composition" is any composition that is suitable for
administration or application to the oral cavity of a human or
animal subject for enhancing the health, hygiene or appearance of
the subject. In some embodiments, an oral care composition is
retained in the oral cavity for a time sufficient to affect the
intended utility.
[0018] In some embodiments, the present invention provides single
phase whitening oral care compositions, comprising a whitening
agent, sodium lauryl sulfate in an amount from 1.75% to 2% w/w, and
an orally acceptable carrier having a low water content. In some
embodiments, the oral care compositions of this invention provide
highly efficacious whitening and cleaning while at the same time
having an enhanced flavor release profile as determined by
organoleptic evaluations.
[0019] In some embodiments, it is important that the water content
of the carrier be kept relatively low, and preferably substantially
anhydrous. In some embodiments, the water content is less than 4%
w/w. In other embodiments, the water content is less than 2% w/w,
while in other embodiments, the water content is 0% w/w. The
selection of the whitening agent in conjunction with a carrier
possessing a low water content allows stabilized delivery of the
whitening agent and provides improved flavor release and taste.
Significantly, the demonstrated improvement in flavor release and
taste has not adversely affected the whitening activity of the
compositions described herein.
[0020] In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a whitening
agent. In some embodiments, the whitening agent comprises a
peroxide compound. In further embodiments, the whitening agent
comprises a solid whitening agent or a bound whitening agent which
is a substantially anhydrous oxygen generating compound. By way of
example and not exclusion, solid whitening agents include peroxide
compounds, metal chlorites, and persulfate.
[0021] Exemplary peroxide compounds include hydroperoxides,
hydrogen peroxide, peroxides of alkali and alkaline earth metals,
organic peroxy compounds, peroxy acids, pharmaceutically-acceptable
salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. Peroxides of alkali and
alkaline earth metals include lithium peroxide, potassium peroxide,
sodium peroxide, sodium percarborate, magnesium peroxide, calcium
peroxide, barium peroxide, and mixtures thereof. Organic peroxy
compounds include urea peroxide, glyceryl hydrogen peroxide, alkyl
hydrogen peroxides, dialkyl peroxides, alkyl peroxy acids, peroxy
esters, diacyl peroxides, benzoyl peroxide, and
monoperoxyphthalate, and mixtures thereof. Peroxy acids and their
salts include organic peroxy acids such as alkyl peroxy acids, and
monoperoxyphthalate and mixtures thereof, as well as inorganic
peroxy acid salts such as and perborate salts of alkali and
alkaline earth metals such as lithium, potassium, sodium,
magnesium, calcium and barium, and mixtures thereof. Preferred
solid peroxides are sodium perborate, sodium percarborate, urea
peroxide, and mixtures thereof. Suitable metal chlorites include
calcium chlorite, barium chlorite, magnesium chlorite, lithium
chlorite, sodium chlorite, and potassium chlorite. The whitening
agent may be bound. For example, peroxide may be bound to a polymer
such as PVP (poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone). Suitable PVP complexes are
disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,122,370, the contents of
which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
Linear PVP peroxide and cross-linked PVP peroxide sold as
Peroxydone.TM. from ISP Corp. are also peroxide compounds useful as
whitening agents in the present invention. PVP peroxide can be
effectively produced by mixing linear PVP or cross-linked PVP with
concentrated liquid hydrogen peroxide in the dentifrice.
[0022] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to use any known
whitening agent except sodium percarbonate and/or any of the
percarbonate salts. In some embodiments, the peroxide compound
comprises hydrogen peroxide. In some embodiments, the peroxide
compound comprises from 0.1% to 50% w/w, preferably from 0.1% to
40% w/w, and more preferably from 0.1% to 30% w/w, of the oral care
composition. In further embodiments, the peroxide compound consists
essentially of hydrogen peroxide. In yet other embodiments, the
hydrogen peroxide delivered by the compositions of the present
invention is in an amount from 0.1% to 3% w/w, and is preferably
delivered in an amount from 1% to 2% w/w.
[0023] In some embodiments, the compositions of the present
comprise an orally acceptable carrier. In some embodiments, the
carrier does not substantially reduce the efficacy of the active
material. Selection of specific carrier components is dependant on
the desired product form, including dentifrices, rinses, gels, and
paints.
[0024] In some embodiments, the oral care composition is a
dentifrice. By way of example and not limitation, the term
"dentifrice" as used throughout this description, denotes a paste,
gel, toothpowder, dental tablet or liquid formulation. In some
embodiments, the dentifrice deep striped, surface striped, or
multilayered, having a gel surrounding the paste. In some
embodiments, the composition is used with a tape, tray, mouthpiece
or similar appliance.
[0025] In some embodiments, the carrier is a low water content
orally acceptable carrier and may include any known ingredients or
additives. In some embodiments, the water content of a single phase
oral care composition is less than 4%, 2%, 1% or 0.1% w/w.
[0026] In a some embodiments, the orally acceptable carrier is
substantially anhydrous. In some embodiments, the substantially
anhydrous carrier further comprises various ingredients to adjust
the rheology and feel of the composition such as humectants,
surface active agents, thickening or gelling agents, etc. Suitable
low water content carriers include but are not limited to
Pluraflo.RTM. L4370 and Pluracare.RTM. L1220, polytheylene glycol
such PEG400, PEG600, PEG/PPG copolymers such as PEG/PPG 38/8
copolymer, PEG/PPG-116/66 copolymer sold as Pluracare L4370 and
Pluracare L1220 from BASF, respectively. Propylene glycol or
glycerin may be present in an amount from 0% to 15% w/w.
[0027] In other embodiments, the compositions further comprise
adhesion agents; viscosity modifiers; diluents; nonionic, cationic
or amphoteric surfactants; foam modulators; peroxide activators;
peroxide stabilizing agents; abrasives; pH modifying agents;
humectants; mouth feel agents; sweeteners; flavoring agents; and
colorants, or combinations of two or more thereof. It is understood
that while general attributes of each of the above categories of
materials may differ, there may be some common attributes and any
given material may serve multiple purposes within two or more of
such categories of materials. One skilled in the art will recognize
that such additional materials are selected based upon
compatibility with the peroxide complex and with other components
of the composition.
[0028] In some embodiments, the surfactant may enhance stability of
the formulation, help clean the oral cavity surfaces through
detergency, and provide foam upon agitation, e.g., during brushing
with a dentifrice composition of the invention. Suitable anionic
surfactants include water-soluble salts of C.sub.8-20 alkyl
sulfates, sulfonated monoglycerides of C.sub.8-20 fatty acids,
sarcosinates, taurates and mixtures thereof. Illustrative examples
of these and other surfactants, in addition to the sodium lauryl
sulfate are, sodium coconut monoglyceride sulfonate, sodium lauryl
sarcosinate, sodium lauryl isoethionate, sodium laureth
carboxylate, sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate, and mixtures thereof.
Suitable nonionic surfactants include poloxamers, polyoxyethylene
sorbitan esters, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol
ethoxylates, tertiary amine oxides, tertiary phosphine oxides,
dialkyl sulfoxides and mixtures thereof. Suitable amphoteric
surfactants include derivatives of C.sub.8-20 aliphatic secondary
and tertiary amines having an anionic group such as carboxylate,
sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate or phosphonate. A suitable example is
cocoamidopropyl betaine. In some embodiments, one or more
surfactants may be present in a total amount of from 1.75% to 2%
w/w. In some embodiments, one or more surfactants may be present in
a total amount of from 1.8% to 2% w/w. In some embodiments, one or
more surfactants may be present in a total amount of from 1.9% to
2% w/w. In some embodiments, one or more surfactants may be present
in the total amount of 2% w/w.
[0029] In some embodiments, the orally acceptable carrier further
comprises dispersants such as polymers and/or copolymers of
polyethylene glycol, of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and of
silicone. If such copolymers/polymers are used, they may be
selected from the commercially available materials Pluraflo.RTM.
L4370 and Pluracare.RTM. L1220 (available from BASF, Wyandotte,
Mich., United States of America). In some embodiments, the
viscosity of the dentrifice is between 10,000 CPS and 700,000 CPS.
In some embodiments, the viscosity of the dentrifice is between
30,000 CPS and 300,000 CPS. In some embodiments, one or more
dispersants are present in a total amount of from 2% to 55% w/w and
preferably from 2% to 35% w/w.
[0030] Some embodiments of the present invention comprise a dental
abrasive or combination of dental abrasive agents. As used herein,
the term "abrasive" or "abrasive agent" also includes materials
commonly referred to as "polishing agents". Suitable abrasives may
include those previously considered to be incompatible in a
peroxide containing formulation ("a peroxide-incompatible
abrasive"). Such abrasive is one which, in an aqueous solution with
hydrogen peroxide, substantially reacts with the hydrogen peroxide
so as to reduce whitening efficacy of the solution.
[0031] Any orally acceptable abrasive can be used, but preferably,
type, fineness (particle size) and amount of abrasive should be
selected so that tooth enamel is not excessively abraded in normal
use of the composition. Suitable abrasives include without
limitation silica (in the form of silica gel, hydrated silica or
precipitated silica), alumina, insoluble phosphates, calcium
carbonate, resinous abrasives such as urea-formaldehyde
condensation products and the like. Among insoluble phosphates
useful as abrasives are orthophosphates, polymetaphosphates and
pyrophosphates. Illustrative examples are dicalcium orthophosphate
dihydrate, calcium pyrophosphate, .beta.-calcium pyrophosphate,
tricalcium phosphate, calcium polymetaphosphate and insoluble
sodium polymetaphosphate. Average particle size of an abrasive, if
present, is generally 0.1 to 30 .mu.m, for example 1 to 20 .mu.m or
5 to 15 .mu.m. In some embodiments, one or more abrasives is
present in an amount of 0.1% to 40% w/w. In some embodiments, the
abrasive is calcium pyrophosphate. In some embodiments, the calcium
pyrophosphate is present in an amount from 5% to 50% w/w.
[0032] In various embodiments of the present invention, the oral
composition comprises an anticalculus agent. Generally, tartar
control agents are categorized as being incompatible with some
whitening agents, but some embodiments of the present invention
incorporate tartar control agents and whitening agents in a single
phase whitening composition. Suitable anticalculus agents include
without limitation phosphates and polyphosphates (for example
pyrophosphates), polyaminopropanesulfonic acid (AMPS),
hexametaphosphate salts, zinc citrate trihydrate, polypeptides,
polyolefin sulfonates, polyolefin phosphates, diphosphonates. In
some embodiments, the anticalculus agent is present in an amount of
0.1% to 30% w/w. In some embodiments, the oral care composition
comprises a mixture of anticalculus agents. In some embodiments,
tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP)
are used as the anticalculus agents. In some embodiments, the
anticalculus agent comprises 1% to 2% w/w TSPP, and 0% to 7% w/w
STPP.
[0033] In some embodiments, the oral care composition optionally
comprises a source of fluoride ions. In some embodiments, the
source of fluoride ions is selected from: fluoride;
monofluorophosphate; and fluorosilicate salts. In some embodiments,
one or more fluoride ion-releasing compounds are optionally present
in an amount providing a total of 100 to 20,000 ppm, 200 to 5,000
ppm, or 500 to 2,500 ppm, fluoride ions.
[0034] In some embodiments, the composition optionally comprises a
thickening agent. Any orally acceptable thickening agent can be
used, including without limitation carbomers, also known as
carboxyvinyl polymers, carrageenans, also known as Irish moss and
more particularly -carrageenan (iota-carrageenan), high molecular
weight polyethylene glycols (such as CARBOWAX.RTM., available from
The Dow Chemical Company), cellulosic polymers such as
hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and salts
thereof, e.g., CMC sodium, natural gums such as karaya, xanthan,
gum arabic and tragacanth, colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate,
and colloidal and/or fumed silica and mixtures of the same. In some
embodiments, the one or more optional thickening agents are present
in a total amount of 0.1% to 90% w/w. In some embodiments, the one
or more optional thickening agents are present in a total amount of
1% to 50% w/w. In some embodiments, the one or more optional
thickening agents are present in a total amount of 5% to 35%
w/w.
[0035] Useful flavoring agents include any material or mixture of
materials operable to enhance the taste of the composition. Any
orally acceptable natural or synthetic flavoring agent can be used,
such as flavoring oils, flavoring aldehydes, esters, alcohols,
similar materials, and combinations thereof. Flavoring agents
include vanillin, sage, marjoram, parsley oil, spearmint oil,
cinnamon oil, oil of wintergreen (methylsalicylate), peppermint
oil, clove oil, bay oil, anise oil, eucalyptus oil, citrus oils,
fruit oils and essences including those derived from lemon, orange,
lime, grapefruit, apricot, banana, grape, apple, strawberry,
cherry, pineapple, etc., bean- and nut-derived flavors such as
coffee, cocoa, cola, peanut, almond, etc., adsorbed and
encapsulated flavorants, and mixtures thereof. Also encompassed
within flavoring agents herein are ingredients that provide
fragrance and/or other sensory effect in the mouth, including
cooling or warming effects. Such ingredients include menthol,
menthyl acetate, menthyl lactate, camphor, eucalyptus oil,
eucalyptol, anethole, eugenol, cassia, oxanone, .chi.-irisone,
propenyl guaiethol, thymol, linalool, benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde,
N-ethyl-p-menthan-3-carboxamine,
N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutanamide,
3-1-menthoxypropane-1,2-diol, cinnamaldehyde glycerol acetal (CGA),
methone glycerol acetal (MGA) and mixtures thereof. In some
embodiments, one or more flavoring agents are optionally present in
a total amount of 0.01% to 5% w/w. In some embodiments, one or more
flavoring agents are optionally present in a total amount of 0.05%
to 2% w/w. In some embodiments, one or more flavoring agents are
optionally present in a total amount of 0.1% to 2.5% w/w. In some
embodiments, one or more flavoring agents are optionally present in
a total amount from 0.1% to 0.5% w/w. In some embodiments, one or
more flavoring agents are optionally present in the total amount of
2.25% w/w.
[0036] Some embodiments optionally comprise a breath freshening
agent. Any orally acceptable breath freshening agent can be used,
including without limitation zinc salts such as zinc gluconate,
zinc citrate and zinc chlorite, --ionone and mixtures thereof. One
or more breath freshening agents are optionally present in a breath
freshening effective total amount.
[0037] Sweeteners among those useful herein include orally
acceptable natural or artificial, nutritive or non-nutritive
sweeteners. Such sweeteners include dextrose, polydextrose,
sucrose, maltose, dextrin, dried invert sugar, mannose, xylose,
ribose, fructose, levulose, galactose, corn syrup (including high
fructose corn syrup and corn syrup solids), partially hydrolyzed
starch, hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, sorbitol, mannitol,
xylitol, maltitol, isomalt, aspartame, neotame, saccharin and salts
thereof, sucralose, dipeptide-based intense sweeteners, cyclamates,
dihydrochalcones and mixtures thereof. Some embodiments optionally
comprise one or more sweeteners. In some embodiments, the one or
more optional sweeteners are present in a total amount from 0.005%
to 5% w/w. In some embodiments, the one or more optional sweeteners
are present in a total amount from 0.01 to 1% w/w.
[0038] Colorants among those useful herein include pigments, dyes,
lakes and agents imparting a particular luster or reflectivity such
as pearling agents. In some embodiments, colorants are operable to
provide a white or light-colored coating on a dental surface, to
act as an indicator of locations on a dental surface that have been
effectively contacted by the composition, and/or to modify
appearance, in particular color and/or opacity, of the composition
to enhance attractiveness to the consumer. Any orally acceptable
colorant can be used, including talc, mica, magnesium carbonate,
calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate,
silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, red, yellow, brown and black
iron oxides, ferric ammonium ferrocyanide, manganese violet,
ultramarine, titaniated mica, bismuth oxychloride, FD&C dyes,
and mixtures thereof. Some embodiments optionally comprise one or
more colorants in a total amount from 0.001% to 20% w/w. In some
embodiments, the one or more optional colorants are present in a
total amount from 0.01% to 10% w/w. In some embodiments, the one or
more optional colorants are present in a total amount from 0.1% to
5% w/w.
[0039] Humectants useful herein include polyhydric alcohols such as
glycerin, sorbitol, xylitol or low molecular weight PEGs. In some
embodiments, humectants are operable to prevent hardening of paste
or gel compositions upon exposure to air. In some embodiments
humectants also function as sweeteners. Some embodiments comprise
one or more humectants in a total amount from 1% to 50% w/w. In
some embodiments, the one or more humectants are present in a total
among from 2% to 25% w/w. In some embodiments, the one or more
humectants are present in a total among from 5% to 15% w/w.
[0040] pH modifying agents among those useful herein include
acidifying agents to lower pH, basifying agents to raise pH, and
buffering agents to control pH within a desired range. For example,
one or more compounds selected from acidifying, basifying and
buffering agents can be included to provide a pH of 2 to 10, or in
various embodiments from 2 to 8, from 3 to 9, from 4 to 8, from 5
to 7, from 6 to 10, and from 7 to 9. Any orally acceptable pH
modifying agent can be used, including without limitation
carboxylic, phosphoric and sulfonic acids, acid salts (e.g.,
monosodium citrate, disodium citrate, monosodium malate, etc.),
alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, carbonates such
as sodium carbonate, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates, borates,
silicates, phosphates (e.g., monosodium phosphate, trisodium
phosphate, pyrophosphate salts, etc.), imidazole and mixtures
thereof. One or more pH modifying agents are optionally present in
a total amount effective to maintain the composition in an orally
acceptable pH range.
[0041] In some embodiments, the compositions optionally comprise
one or more further active material(s), operable for the prevention
or treatment of a condition or disorder of hard or soft tissue of
the oral cavity; the prevention or treatment of a physiological
disorder or condition; or to provide a cosmetic benefit.
[0042] In some embodiments, the compositions comprise stannous ion
or a stannous ion source. Suitable stannous ion sources include
without limitation stannous fluoride, other stannous halides such
as stannous chloride dihydrate, stannous pyrophosphate, organic
stannous carboxylate salts such as stannous foimate, acetate,
gluconate, lactate, tartrate, oxalate, malonate and citrate,
stannous ethylene glyoxide and the like. In some embodiments, one
or more stannous ion sources are optionally present in the total
amount of 0.01% to 10% w/w. In some embodiments, one or more
stannous ion sources are optionally present in the total amount of
0.1% to 7% w/w. In other embodiments, one or more stannous ion
sources are optionally present in the total amount of 1% to 5%
w/w.
[0043] In some embodiments, the compositions of the present
invention further comprise an antimicrobial (e.g., antibacterial)
agent. By way of example and not limitation, a list of useful
antibacterial agents is reported in U.S. Pat. No. 5,776,435 to
Gaffar et al., the contents of which are incorporated herein by
reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, one or more
antimicrobial agents are optionally present. In some embodiments,
one or more antimicrobial agents are optionally present in the
amount of 0.05% to 10% w/w. In some embodiments, one or more
antimicrobial agents are optionally present in the amount of 0.1%
to 3% w/w.
[0044] Some embodiments of the present invention optionally
comprise an antioxidant. Any orally acceptable antioxidant can be
used, including butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated
hydroxytoluene (BHT), vitamin A, carotenoids, vitamin E,
flavonoids, polyphenols, ascorbic acid, herbal antioxidants,
chlorophyll, melatonin, and mixtures thereof.
[0045] Some embodiments of the present invention optionally
comprise a sialagogue or saliva-stimulating agent, an antiplaque
agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, a desensitizing. Any orally
acceptable saliva stimulating agent can be used, including without
limitation food acids such as citric, lactic, malic, succinic,
ascorbic, adipic, fumaric, and tartaric acids, and mixtures
thereof.
[0046] The compositions of the present invention can be prepared by
conventional methods known to those skilled in the art. For
example, compositions of the present invention can be prepared by
adding and mixing the ingredients of the composition in a suitable
vessel such as a stainless steel tank provided with a mixer. In
some embodiments, the ingredients are added to the mixing vessel in
the following order: diluent, thickening agent(s), peroxide
composite (or other active) and any flavoring agent(s), colorant or
sweetener. In some embodiments, the flavoring agent is dissolved in
Pluraflo.RTM. L4370 and Pluracare.RTM. L1220. In some embodiments,
the Pluraflo L4370 and Pluracare.RTM. L1220 are then added and the
solution is mixed for five minutes. In some embodiments, the
peroxide or other whitening agent is added and the solution is
mixed for 20 minutes until the mixture is homogenous. Additional
ingredients such as coloring or sweeteners are added at any point
during the mixing process but in various embodiments, such
ingredients are preferably added last or close to last.
[0047] Some embodiments of the present invention provide methods of
whitening an oral surface in a human or animal subject. As used
herein "animal subject" includes higher order non-human mammals
such as canines, felines, and horses.
[0048] In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method
of improving patient compliance with an oral care composition,
comprising applying to an oral surface an effective amount of any
one of the oral care compositions described herein.
[0049] In some embodiments, the oral care composition is applied
and contacted with the oral surface. In some embodiments, the
dentifrice is applied regularly to an oral surface, preferably on a
daily basis, at least one time daily for multiple days, but
alternately every second or third day. In other embodiments, the
oral care composition is applied to an oral surface from 1 to 3
times daily, for at least 2 weeks. In further embodiments, the oral
care composition is applied to an oral surface from 1 to 3 times
daily, up to 8 weeks. In still other embodiments, the oral care
composition is applied to an oral surface from 1 to 3 times daily,
for a period of four months to three years. In some embodiments,
the oral care composition is applied to the oral surfaces from 1 to
3 times daily, for a period in excess of 3 years.
[0050] The invention will now be further described by the following
non-limiting examples. In some embodiments, the oral care
composition is applied and contacted with the oral surface. In some
embodiments, the dentifrice is applied regularly to an oral
surface, preferably on a daily basis, at least one time daily for
multiple days, but alternately every second or third day. In other
embodiments, the oral care composition is applied to an oral
surface from 1 to 3 times daily, for at least 2 weeks. In further
embodiments, the oral care composition is applied to an oral
surface from 1 to 3 times daily, up to 8 weeks. In still other
embodiments, the oral care composition is applied to an oral
surface from 1 to 3 times daily, for a period of four months to
three years. In some embodiments, the oral care composition is
applied to the oral surfaces from 1 to 3 times daily, for a period
in excess of 3 years.
[0051] The invention will now be further described by the following
non-limiting examples.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
[0052] Table 1 below provides examples of oral dentifrice
compositions containing an enhanced amount of sodium lauryl sulfate
and a low water content.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 % Raw Material Ingredient 1 2 3 4 5 6 Water
0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0 0 Phosphoric Acid 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200
0.200 0.200 Pluraflo L4370 20.610 20.610 20.610 29.360 Pluracare
L1220 15.000 15.000 25.000 25.000 10.000 5.000 PEG600 10.000 10.000
10.000 10.000 10.000 Glycerin 5.000 5.000 47.36 Propylene Glycol
5.000 10.000 25.000 15.00 HEC 1.000 Fumed Silica 1.500 1.500 1.500
1.250 1.500 PVP Polyplasdone XL-10 9.500 BHT 0.030 0.030 0.030
0.030 0.030 0.030 PVP Peroxide 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 5.500
5.500 TSPP 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 Saccharin 0.800
0.800 0.800 0.800 0.600 0.600 Sucralose 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.150
0.050 0.050 SLS 1.2-2.0 1.2-2.0 1.2-2.0 1.2-2.0 2.000 2.000 Calcium
Pyrophosphate 24.5-23.7 23.5-22.7 24.5-23.7 24-23.2 35.110 0 MFP
0.760 0.760 0.760 0.760 0.760 0.760 Flavoring agent 2.250 2.250
2.250 2.250 2.250 2.000
Example 2
[0053] Table 2 (below) reports organoleptic evaluation
scores/ratings obtained from an experienced flavorist. In these
compositions, the sodium lauryl sulfate ("SLS") content was varied,
while the flavoring agent content remained constant (2.25% w/w).
The experienced flavorist rated these compositions on a scale of
0-6, with a rating of 6 being most preferred. As shown in Table 2,
the compositions possessing an SLS content equal to or greater than
1.75% w/w, demonstrated dramatic improvement in rating compared to
compositions containing 1.2% w/w SLS.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 % SLS Rating 2.00 5.5 1.75 4.5 1.2 2.5
[0054] One skilled in the art will appreciate that the present
invention is not limited in its application to the details of
construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in
the preceding description and examples, or illustrated in the
drawings. The invention is capable of embodiments in addition to
those described and of being practiced and carried out in various
ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and
terminology employed herein, as well as the abstract, are for the
purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
[0055] As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
conception upon which this disclosure is based may readily be
utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods
and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present
invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded
as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not
depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
* * * * *