U.S. patent application number 13/518482 was filed with the patent office on 2012-10-11 for dental implant system with a bone superstructure and method for manufacturing such a bone superstructure.
Invention is credited to Rene De Clerck, Ali Tahmaseb.
Application Number | 20120258429 13/518482 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42315656 |
Filed Date | 2012-10-11 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120258429 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
De Clerck; Rene ; et
al. |
October 11, 2012 |
DENTAL IMPLANT SYSTEM WITH A BONE SUPERSTRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR
MANUFACTURING SUCH A BONE SUPERSTRUCTURE
Abstract
The invention concerns a method for manufacturing a bone
superstructure (4) and a dental implant system with an implant (5)
and a bone superstructure (4) to at least partly fill bone defects
(2) in a jaw (1), whereby the bone superstructure (4) has a bone
side (11) which is intended to extend opposite the bone which
surrounds said bone defect (2) and a free side (10) onto which the
gingiva (9) should connect, whereby this bone superstructure (4)
has at least one recess (6) with a circular cross section extending
between said bone side (11) and said free side (10), which recess
(6) has a conical wall (8) and whereby the implant (5) is conical
over at least a part (14) of its height, such that it can be
mounted in the recess (6) in a substantially fitting manner.
Inventors: |
De Clerck; Rene; (Tervuren,
BE) ; Tahmaseb; Ali; (Schoten, BE) |
Family ID: |
42315656 |
Appl. No.: |
13/518482 |
Filed: |
December 24, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
December 24, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/BE2010/000085 |
371 Date: |
June 22, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
433/174 ;
433/173; 433/201.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C 8/005 20130101;
A61F 2220/0033 20130101; A61F 2/2846 20130101; A61F 2/2803
20130101; B33Y 80/00 20141201; A61F 2002/30332 20130101; A61C
13/0018 20130101; A61C 13/0013 20130101; A61C 8/0006 20130101; A61C
13/0019 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
433/174 ;
433/173; 433/201.1 |
International
Class: |
A61C 8/00 20060101
A61C008/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 24, 2009 |
BE |
2009/0814 |
Claims
1. Dental implant system with an implant (5) and a bone
superstructure (4) to at least partly fill bone defects (2) in a
jaw (1), whereby the bone superstructure (4) has a bone side (11)
which is intended to extend opposite the bone which surrounds said
bone defect (2) and a free side (10) onto which the gingiva (9)
should connect, whereby this bone superstructure (4) has at least
one recess (6) with a circular cross section extending between said
bone side (11) and said free side (10), which recess (6) makes it
possible to fix the implant (5) through this recess (6) in the jaw
bone (1), characterised in that said recess (6) has a conical wall
(8) and the implant (5) is conical over at least a part (14) of its
height, such that it can be mounted in the recess (6) in a
substantially fitting manner.
2. Implant system according to claim 1, whereby said recess (6) has
a conical wall (8) with a smooth surface and the implant (5) is
conical over at least a part (14) of its height and has a smooth
surface at this part.
3. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the diameter
of the cross section of said recess (6) gradually decreases as of
the free side (10) of the bone superstructure (4) towards the bone
side (11).
4. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby said implant
(5) has a head (12) for fixing a dental prosthesis and a far end
(13) opposite said head (12) which is to be fixed in the jaw bone
(1), whereby this opposite far end (13) extends past said bone side
(11) when the implant (5) is provided in the recess (6) of the bone
superstructure (4) in a fitting manner.
5. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby said conical
part (14) of the implant (5), on its broad side, connects to said
head (12) and, on the narrow side of this part (14), connects to
the above-mentioned opposite far end (13) of the implant, which far
end (13) is threaded.
6. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the bone
superstructure (4) is at least partly formed of a porous
material.
7. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the bone
superstructure (4) has an open structure.
8. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby said free side
(10) of the bone superstructure (4) has at least one protrusion to
support an interdental papilla.
9. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the bone
superstructure (4) is at least partly filled with bone tissue or
with artificial bone (15).
10. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the bone
superstructure (4) is at least partly formed of a resorbable
material.
11. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby a membrane
(6) is provided on said free side (10) of the bone superstructure
(4) forming a barrier to the migration of epithelial cells.
12. Implant system according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the bone
superstructure (4) has such a shape that its aforesaid bone side
(11) connects to the bone round said bone defect (2) when the bone
superstructure (4) is mounted in the bone defect (2).
13. Method for manufacturing a bone superstructure (4) to at least
partly fill a bone defect (2) in a jaw (1), whereby a
three-dimensional image of at least a part of the jaw (1) is
generated where said bone defect (2) is situated, and a shape for
said bone superstructure (4) is determined on the basis of said
image having a bone side (11) which is to connect to the bone round
said bone defect (2) and a free side (10) onto which the gingiva
(9) are to connect, whereby an implant (5) is selected with a head
(12) for fixing a dental prosthesis and a far end (13) opposite to
this head (12) which is to be fixed in the jaw bone (1), whereby
the implant (5) between this head (12) and said far end (13) is at
least partly conical, characterised in that at least one recess (6)
is provided in the bone superstructure (4) extending between said
bone side (11) and said free side (10), whereby this recess (6) is
at least partly conical, such that said implant (5) can be fit in
said recess (6) with its conical part.
14. Method according to claim 13, whereby said implant (5) is
selected such that said far end opposite to the head (12) of the
implant (5) extends past said bone side (11).
15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, whereby said bone
superstructure (4) provided with said recess (6) is made by means
of a "rapid prototyping" technique.
16. Method according to claim 13 or 14, whereby said bone
superstructure (4) is made such that its structure is at least
partly open.
17. Method according to claim 13 or 14, whereby said bone
superstructure (4) is provided with at least one cavity opening in
said bone side (11), whereby this cavity is filled with bone tissue
or artificial bone (15).
18. Method according to claim 13 or 14, whereby a membrane (6) is
provided on said free side (10) of the bone superstructure (4)
forming a barrier to epithelial cells.
Description
[0001] The invention concerns a dental implant system with an
implant and a bone superstructure to at least partly fill bone
defects in a jaw, whereby the bone superstructure has a bone side
which should extend opposite the bone which surrounds said bone
defect and a free side onto which the gingiva should connect.
Further, said bone superstructure has a recess with a circular
cross section extending between said bone side and said free side,
which recess makes it possible to fix the implant through this
recess in the jaw bone.
[0002] When implants must be put in a jaw in a position where the
jaw bone is resorbed and a bone defect has thus been created, a
bone graft is usually provided to fill the bone defect, or it is
filled with artificial bone and protected by means of a
membrane.
[0003] Such systems are described for example in documents DE 199
07420, FR 2 753 366, U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,149, U.S. Pat. No.
5,759,033, U.S. Pat. No. 5,839,899, U.S. Pat. No. 6,244,868, WO
2004/112642 and WO 91/14404.
[0004] At present, the aim is to limit the number of different
steps as much as possible when putting implants in a jaw and when
mounting a dental prosthesis on these implants. Thus, one wishes to
immediately mount a preferably definitive dental prosthesis on one
or several implants as soon as they have been provided in the jaw.
However, according to the present state of the art, this is not
possible if there are any bone defects in the jaw in positions
where an implant is to be provided.
[0005] Besides, there is also a problem in that, when providing
implants in a bone defect, whereby this bone defect is filled with,
for example, artificial bone, there will be a migration of
epithelial cells along the part of the implant which is situated in
the bone before this implant has entirely grown into this jaw bone.
Such a migration of epithelial cells results in loss of the implant
and possibly inflammation of the bone round the implant.
[0006] Documents WO 2009/137947, DE 10 2006 047 054 or US
2005/0113930 describe a bone superstructure through which an
implant extends. Since the implant is screwed in the jaw through
the bone superstructure, an opening must be provided in the bone
superstructure which is large enough to allow for a rotational
movement of the implant in order to screw it in the jaw. After such
bone superstructures have been provided, epithelial cells and
bacteria may possibly, as a consequence, migrate in the interspace
between the implant and the bone superstructure, resulting in the
aforesaid problem. In particular, the presence of epithelial cells
in this interspace prevents bone growth and thus the growing
together of the implant with the bone tissue is disturbed. Harmful
bacteria which migrate into this interspace may cause inflammatory
reactions and bone necrosis, which may possibly result in the loss
of the implant and/or the bone superstructure.
[0007] The invention aims to remedy this with a dental implant
system which makes it possible to provide implants in positions
where there is a bone defect in the jaw on the one hand, for
example due to bone resorption, and which makes sure that
epithelial cells or bacteria cannot migrate to the interface
between the bone and the implant on the other hand.
[0008] Apart from that, the implant system according to the
invention also makes it possible to mount a dental prosthesis on an
implant almost immediately after this implant has been provided in
a bone defect.
[0009] To this aim, said recess in the bone superstructure has a
conical wall and the implant is conical over at least a part of its
height, such that it can be mounted in the recess in an almost
fitting manner.
[0010] Practically, the bone superstructure has such a shape that
its aforesaid bone side connects to the bone round said bone defect
when the bone superstructure has been mounted in the bone
defect.
[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the implant system
according to the invention, the diameter of the cross section of
said recess gradually decreases as of the free side of the bone
superstructure towards the bone side.
[0012] Advantageously, the bone superstructure has an open
structure.
[0013] According to an interesting embodiment of the implant system
according to the invention, said free side of the bone
superstructure has at least one protrusion to support an
interdental papilla.
[0014] The invention also concerns a method for manufacturing a
bone superstructure to at least partly fill a bone defect in a jaw,
whereby a three-dimensional image is generated of at least a part
of the jaw where said bone defect is situated, and on the basis of
which image a shape is determined for said bone superstructure with
a bone side which is to connect to the bone round said bone defect
and a free side onto which the gingiva are to connect. An implant
is hereby selected with a head for fixing a dental prosthesis and a
far end opposite this head which is to be fixed in the jaw bone,
whereby the implant is at least partly conical between this head
and said far end.
[0015] This method is characterised in that a recess is selected in
the bone superstructure which extends between said bone side and
said free side and which is at least partly conical, such that said
implant can be put in said recess in a fitting manner with its
conical part.
[0016] Other particularities and advantages of the invention will
become clear from the following description of a few special
embodiments of the implant system and the method according to the
invention; this description is given as an example only and it does
not restrict the scope of the claimed protection in any way; the
figures of reference used hereafter refer to the accompanying
drawings.
[0017] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a lower jaw with a bone
defect due to bone resorption.
[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal section of a jaw with a
bone defect in which is provided a bone superstructure according to
a first embodiment of the invention.
[0019] FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section of a jaw with a
bone defect in which is provided a bone superstructure according to
a second embodiment of the invention.
[0020] In the different drawings, the same figures of reference
refer to identical or analogous elements.
[0021] The invention generally concerns dental implants being
provided in a jaw having one or several bone defects and whereby it
is thus not possible to provide one or several implants in the jaw
bone. Such bone defects are situated in the parts of a jaw where
the jaw bone is not sufficiently high or thick for anchoring an
implant. In general, a bone defect indicates a part of the jaw that
is too weak for fixing an implant in the bone thereof
[0022] FIG. 1 represents a jaw 1 having a bone defect 2. At this
bone defect 2, the jaw bone has disappeared, for example due to
bone resorption. Consequently, if one wishes to provide a dental
prosthesis on one or several implants at said bone defect 2 between
the other teeth 3 in the jaw 1, it is necessary to fill this bone
defect 2 in order to provide for a sufficient base for anchoring
the implants.
[0023] There are different techniques, known as such to the
professional, for filling a bone defect 2 before providing implants
in the position of said bone defect. However, these techniques
require a long length of time to make bone grow in said bone
defect, during which period it is impossible to provide
implants.
[0024] The present invention mainly aims to fill a bone defect and
to simultaneously provide one or several implants in this bone
defect. Moreover, these implants according to the invention can
normally be almost immediately loaded, such that it is possible to
also fix a dental prosthesis on these implants immediately or very
shortly after the implants have been provided.
[0025] In order to make this possible, the implant system according
to the invention provides for a bone superstructure and at least
one implant working in conjunction with the latter.
[0026] FIG. 2 represents a first embodiment of a bone
superstructure 4 according to the invention as fixed in the bone
defect 2 of a jaw 1 by means of an implant 5. This bone
superstructure 4 is plate-shaped and has a recess 6 through which
the implant 5 extends.
[0027] In particular, this bone superstructure 4 extends at the
required level of the jaw bone 1 at said bone defect 2, and it
connects to the edge 7 of this bone defect 2 at said required
level. Thus, the bone superstructure 4 seals the bone defect 2.
[0028] Said recess 6 has a circular cross section and a wall 8 with
a conical inner surface. The diameter of this recess 6 gradually
decreases as of the free side 10 of the bone superstructure 4, onto
which the gingiva 9 connect, towards the bone side 11.
[0029] The bone superstructure 4 may for example be made of
titanium, whereby its free side 10 may possibly have an open
structure and is separated from the gingiva 9 by a membrane which
can possibly be resorbed and which forms a barrier to the migration
of epithelial cells. It is also possible to make the bone
superstructure 4 entirely out of a resorbable material which is
preferably sufficiently stiff to seal the bone defect 2 in a stable
manner.
[0030] The implant 5 has a head 12 for fixing a dental prosthesis
and a far end 13 opposite said head which is fixed in the jaw bone
2. This far end 13 is preferably threaded, as shown in FIG. 2, and
it extends past said bone side 11 into the jaw bone 1.
[0031] Further, a part 14 of the outer surface of this implant 5 is
made conical. In particular, this part 14 extends between the head
12 and the far end 13 over the height of the conical wall 8 of the
recess 6. The implant 5 is thereby mounted in a fitting manner in
the conical recess 6 with this part 14. As the outer surface of the
implant 5 thus fits closely to the wall 8 of the recess 6, no
epithelial cells, bacteria or other elements which might be
detrimental to the implant 5 growing together with the jaw bone 1
can migrate between the implant 5 and the wall 8.
[0032] Moreover, thanks to the conical shape of the recess 6 and
the implant 5, the latter will be clamped in the recess 9 due to
the downward movement of the implant 5 when the latter is subjected
to a screw motion while providing it in the jaw. In particular, the
bone superstructure 4 is first provided in the bone defect 2, and
subsequently the implant 5 is screwed through the recess 6 in the
jaw bone 1 until the bone superstructure 4 is pushed firmly against
the jaw bone 1 and is thus fixed.
[0033] Before the bone superstructure 4 is provided on the bone
defect 2, the volume of the bone defect 2, situated round the
implant 5, is filled with bone tissue or with artificial bone
15.
[0034] Alternatively, this bone tissue or artificial bone 15 can
already be fixed to the bone side 11 of the bone superstructure 4,
possibly by means of a membrane with an open structure. The volume
between the bone side 11 and the wall 8 of the recess is hereby
filled with bone tissue or artificial bone 15.
[0035] FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of a bone
superstructure 4 according to the invention. This bone
superstructure 4 is fixed in the bone defect 2 of a jaw 1 by means
of an implant 5.
[0036] The bone superstructure 4 has a free side 10 over which the
gingiva 9 must extend and a bone side 11 which connects to the jaw
bone 1 surrounding the bone defect 2. The bone superstructure 4
thus fills the bone defect 2 almost entirely.
[0037] This bone superstructure 4 is preferably made by means of
what is called a "rapid prototyping" technique such as for example
selective laser sintering or selective laser melting of a metal or
plastic powder on the basis of a digital three-dimensional model of
the bone defect 2.
[0038] To this end, a three-dimensional image is generated of at
least the part of the jaw 1 where the aforesaid bone defect 2 is
situated. This can be done for example by making a CT scan of the
jaw 1. On the basis of this image, a shape is determined for the
bone superstructure 4 as well as an optimal position to provide the
implant 5 in the jaw 1.
[0039] When determining the shape of the bone superstructure 4, a
recess 6 is thus provided in this element 4 through which the
implant 5 must extend, taking into account the optimal position of
the implant 5. The recess 6 has a circular cross section and
extends between said bone side 11 and said free side 10, whereby
this recess 6 has a conical wall 8. The diameter of the cross
section of said recess 6 gradually decreases as of the free side 10
of the bone superstructure 4 to the bone side 11.
[0040] The implant 5 has a head 12 for fixing a dental prosthesis
and a far end 13 opposite this head 12 which is to be fixed in the
jaw bone 1. This far end 13 is provided with outside thread to be
screwed in the jaw bone 1. Between the head 12 and the far end 13,
the implant 5 is conical over part of its length, as is the case in
the first embodiment of the invention, such that it can be fit in
the recess 6 with its conical part 14.
[0041] Preferably, at least a part of the bone superstructure 4 has
an open structure or it is porous such that bone growth is possible
therein.
[0042] In the bone superstructure 4 can thus be provided cavities
which open in the bone side 11 and which are filled with bone
tissue or with artificial bone before the bone superstructure is
provided in the corresponding bone defect 2.
[0043] In addition to this, also on the basis of said
three-dimensional image of the jaw 1 and the selected optimal
position for the implant 5, a template is preferably made for
boring a cavity in the jaw 1 in the required position for the
implant 5.
[0044] After this cavity has thus been provided in the jaw, the
bone superstructure 4 is provided on the bone defect 2 and the
implant 5 is screwed through said recess 6 in the cavity in the jaw
1. In this manner, the bone superstructure 4 is fixed to the jaw on
the one hand, and the bone superstructure 4 forms a support
providing stability to the implant 5 on the other hand.
[0045] As said recess 6 is conical and has a smooth surface, while
screwing the implant 5 in the jaw, its conical part 14 will be
gradually pushed to the smooth surface of the recess 6 of the bone
superstructure 4 until a narrow fit is obtained between the surface
of the recess 6 and the conical part 14 of the implant 5. This
almost perfect fit is obtained as the implant 5, while being
axially moved, is guided with the conical part 14 through the
conical recess 6, such that the implant 5 centres in relation to
the recess 6 and both of them consequently extend coaxially. Thus,
the implant 5 can be screwed in the jaw until the surface of its
conical part 14 fits tightly to the conical surface of the recess 6
and both surfaces are pushed against one another.
[0046] Thus, the surface of the conical wall 8 of the recess 6 of
the bone superstructure 4 is complementary to the surface of the
conical part 14 of the implant 5 and both surfaces are preferably
almost entirely smooth, such that a contact surface is obtained
between the wall 8 of the recess 6 and the conical part 14 of the
implant that is as large as possible.
[0047] A membrane 16 may possibly be provided on said free side 10
of the bone superstructure 4 which forms a barrier to the migration
of epithelial cells.
[0048] Naturally, the method for manufacturing the bone
superstructure 4 according to the above-mentioned second embodiment
can also be applied for manufacturing a bone superstructure
according to the first embodiment of the invention.
[0049] Besides, the use of a bone superstructure 4 is advantageous
in that, on its free side 10, one or several protrusions can be
provided forming a support for the gingiva which connect to a
dental prosthesis which is mounted on an implant, such that these
protrusions support the interdental papillae. Such protrusions can
be formed as a whole with the bone superstructure while the latter
is being manufactured, or they can possibly be fixed to the bone
superstructure, for example, by means of screws.
[0050] The bone superstructure may be formed of titanium or any
other biocompatible metal or material or it may also be formed of a
resorbable material known as such.
[0051] Naturally, the invention is not restricted to the
above-described embodiments of the dental implant system and the
method for manufacturing a bone superstructure as represented in
the figures.
[0052] Thus, it is obviously possible for one and the same bone
superstructure to have several recesses, such that it can be fixed
to a jaw with several implants.
[0053] It is also possible to apply the dental implant system and
the method for building a jaw bone where the jaw is too thin or too
low to solidly provide an implant in.
* * * * *