U.S. patent application number 13/239228 was filed with the patent office on 2012-10-04 for shoulder arthroplasty systems and configurations for components thereof.
Invention is credited to Mark Frankle.
Application Number | 20120253467 13/239228 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 46928254 |
Filed Date | 2012-10-04 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120253467 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Frankle; Mark |
October 4, 2012 |
Shoulder Arthroplasty Systems and Configurations for Components
Thereof
Abstract
Shoulder arthroplasty systems and configurations for components
thereof are described. For example, implant systems for a total
should arthroplasty (TSA), hemi shoulder arthroplasty, and reverse
should arthroplasty (RSA) are described. In addition, exemplary
configurations for baseplates, glenoid components, glenosphere
components, humeral components, humeral head components,
humerosocket components, connectors, and adaptors, are
described.
Inventors: |
Frankle; Mark; (Tampa,
FL) |
Family ID: |
46928254 |
Appl. No.: |
13/239228 |
Filed: |
September 21, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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61442272 |
Feb 13, 2011 |
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61476263 |
Apr 16, 2011 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
623/19.11 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F 2/30771 20130101;
A61F 2/40 20130101; A61F 2310/00592 20130101; A61F 2002/30123
20130101; A61F 2002/30654 20130101; A61F 2/30721 20130101; A61F
2002/30405 20130101; A61F 2002/30365 20130101; A61F 2002/30115
20130101; A61F 2002/30332 20130101; A61F 2002/4085 20130101; A61F
2002/30433 20130101; A61F 2/4059 20130101; A61F 2002/2835 20130101;
A61F 2310/00179 20130101; A61F 2002/3085 20130101; A61F 2002/30125
20130101; A61F 2220/0033 20130101; A61F 2002/30426 20130101; A61F
2002/305 20130101; A61F 2002/30616 20130101; A61F 2310/00029
20130101; A61F 2002/2853 20130101; A61F 2310/00023 20130101; A61F
2002/30159 20130101; A61F 2002/30367 20130101; A61F 2002/30578
20130101; A61F 2002/30649 20130101; A61F 2002/30242 20130101; A61L
27/28 20130101; A61F 2002/4022 20130101; A61F 2/4612 20130101; A61F
2002/30126 20130101; A61F 2220/0041 20130101; A61F 2310/00796
20130101; A61F 2002/3006 20130101; A61F 2002/30604 20130101; A61F
2002/30772 20130101; A61F 2002/30245 20130101; A61F 2002/30378
20130101; A61F 2/4014 20130101; A61F 2002/30339 20130101; A61F
2002/30607 20130101; A61F 2/4081 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
623/19.11 |
International
Class: |
A61F 2/40 20060101
A61F002/40 |
Claims
1. A glenoid implant for use in a total shoulder arthroplasty, the
glenoid implant comprising: a baseplate comprising a first medial
side, a first lateral side, a circumferential wall, a base, and a
tapered trunnion; the circumferential wall and the base
cooperatively defining a recess extending from the first lateral
side towards the first medial side; the tapered trunnion disposed
on the base and extending from the base towards the first lateral
side; a glenoid component comprising a body and a raised geometry
having an outer circumferential perimeter; the body having a second
medial side and a second lateral side defining an articulating
surface; the raised geometry disposed on the second medial side of
the body and extending away from the second lateral side, the
raised geometry forming a second toothed geometry on the outer
circumferential perimeter and defining a tapered cavity extending
into the raised geometry; wherein the second toothed geometry has a
configuration complimentary to the first toothed geometry and is
adapted to be received by the first toothed geometry; and wherein
the raised geometry of the glenoid component is adapted to be
received by the recess of the baseplate.
2. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the base of the
baseplate is concave or substantially concave.
3. The glenoid implant of claim 2, wherein the raised geometry
defines a convex or substantially convex portion extending from the
outer circumferential perimeter and away from the second lateral
side; and wherein the raised geometry of the glenoid component has
a configuration complimentary to the recess of the baseplate.
4. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the articulating surface
is concave or substantially concave.
5. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the medial side of the
baseplate is convex or substantially convex.
6. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the medial side of the
baseplate is textured.
7. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the baseplate is formed
of a metal.
8. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the glenoid component is
formed of a metal.
9. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the baseplate further
comprises one or more bores extending through the body of the
baseplate from the first medial side to the first lateral side.
10. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the baseplate further
comprises a threaded component attached to the first medial side of
the baseplate and extending away from the first lateral side.
11. A glenoid implant for use in a total shoulder arthroplasty, the
glenoid implant comprising: a baseplate comprising a first medial
side, a first lateral side, a circumferential wall, a concave or
substantially concave base, and a tapered trunnion; the
circumferential wall and the base cooperatively defining a recess
extending from the first lateral side towards the first medial
side; the tapered trunnion disposed on the base and extending from
the base towards the first lateral side; a glenoid component
comprising a body and a raised geometry having an outer
circumferential perimeter; the body having a second medial side and
a second lateral side defining a concave or substantially concave
articulating surface; the raised geometry disposed on the second
medial side of the body and extending away from the second lateral
side, the raised geometry forming a second toothed geometry on the
outer circumferential perimeter, a convex or substantially convex
portion extending from the outer circumferential perimeter away
from the second lateral side, and defining a tapered cavity
extending into the raised geometry; wherein the second toothed
geometry has a configuration complimentary to the first toothed
geometry and is adapted to be received by the first toothed
geometry; and wherein the raised geometry of the glenoid component
has a configuration complimentary to the recess of the baseplate
and is adapted to be received by the recess of the baseplate.
12. The glenoid implant of claim 11, wherein the medial side of the
baseplate is convex or substantially convex.
13. The glenoid implant of claim 11, wherein the medial side of the
baseplate is textured.
14. The glenoid implant of claim 11, wherein the baseplate is
formed of a metal.
15. The glenoid implant of claim 11, wherein the glenoid component
is formed of a metal.
16. The glenoid implant of claim 11, wherein the baseplate further
comprises one or more bores extending through the body of the
baseplate from the first medial side to the first lateral side.
17. The glenoid implant of claim 11, wherein the baseplate further
comprises a threaded component attached to the first medial side of
the baseplate and extending away from the first lateral side.
18. A glenoid implant for use in a total shoulder arthroplasty, the
glenoid implant comprising: a baseplate comprising a first body and
a threaded component; the first body having a first medial side, a
first lateral side, a circumferential wall, a concave or
substantially concave base, and a tapered trunnion; the
circumferential wall and the base cooperatively defining a recess
extending from the first lateral side towards the first medial
side; the tapered trunnion disposed on the base and extending from
the base towards the first lateral side; the threaded component
attached to the first medial side of the first body and extending
away from the first lateral side; a glenoid component comprising a
second body and a raised geometry having an outer circumferential
perimeter; the second body having a second medial side and a second
lateral side defining a concave or substantially concave
articulating surface; the raised geometry disposed on the second
medial side of the second body and extending away from the second
lateral side, the raised geometry forming a second toothed geometry
on the outer circumferential perimeter, a convex or substantially
convex portion extending from the outer circumferential perimeter
away from the second lateral side, and defining a tapered cavity
extending into the raised geometry; wherein the second toothed
geometry has a configuration complimentary to the first toothed
geometry and is adapted to be received by the first toothed
geometry; and wherein the raised geometry of the glenoid component
has a configuration complimentary to the recess of the baseplate
and is adapted to be received by the recess of the baseplate.
19. The glenoid implant of claim 18, wherein the medial side of the
baseplate is textured.
20. The glenoid implant of claim 18, wherein the glenoid component
is formed of a metal.
Description
PRIORITY/CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/442,272 filed on Feb. 13, 2011 titled "Unique
Convertible Design for Total Shoulder Arthroplasty" and U.S.
Provisional Application No. 61/476,263 filed on Apr. 16, 2011
titled "Unique Baseplate, Glenosphere and Replacement Humeral Head
Designs for Reverse, Total or Hemi Shoulder Arthroplasty." Each of
these applications is hereby incorporated by reference into this
disclosure in its entirety.
FIELD
[0002] The invention relates generally to surgical implant systems.
More particularly, the invention relates to shoulder arthroplasty
systems and configurations for the components thereof.
BACKGROUND
[0003] It has become common to perform a shoulder arthroplasty to
repair a patient's shoulder joint that has become dysfunctional due
to disease or trauma. In a healthy shoulder, the humeral head is
generally ball-shaped, and articulates within a socket formed by
the scapula, called the glenoid cavity, to form the shoulder joint.
Conventional implant systems for the total replacement of the
shoulder joint (e.g., total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA)) generally
replicate the natural anatomy of the shoulder, and include a metal
humeral component having a stem which fits within the humeral
canal, and an articulating head which articulates within the socket
of a plastic glenoid component implanted within the glenoid of the
scapula. The glenoid component can be either a single piece
component that is attached to the glenoid, or a two-piece component
having a plastic glenoid component attached to a metal baseplate,
which is attached to the glenoid. In some cases, however, it is
only necessary to replace a part of the shoulder joint, for
example, by replacing the humeral head (e.g., a hemi shoulder
arthroplasty (HAS)) with a prosthetic humeral head to articulate
within the natural glenoid cavity of the scapula.
[0004] Recently, "reverse" type implant systems (e.g., total
reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA)) have been developed in which
the conventional ball-and-socket configuration that replicates the
natural anatomy of the shoulder is reversed, such that a concave
recessed articulating component is provided at the proximal end of
the humeral component which articulates against a convex portion of
a glenoid component. Such reverse shoulder implant systems are
thought to provide an increased range of motion for treatment of
glenoid humeral arthritis associated with irreparable rotator cuff
damage, for example, by moving the center of rotation between the
humeral component and the glenoid component to allow the deltoid
muscles to exert a greater lever arm on the humerus.
[0005] It is sometimes necessary to convert from one type of
implant system (e.g., TSA) to the other type of implant system
(e.g., RSA), for example, when a patient does not react positively
to an initially implanted system. Furthermore, it is sometimes
necessary to replace components that have been implanted and are
not functioning properly. Therefore, a need exists for arthroplasty
systems and configurations of the components thereof.
SUMMARY
[0006] Various shoulder arthroplasty systems are described herein.
For example, an exemplary baseplate and humeral component are
described which allow for the conversion between a TSA to an RSA,
or vice versa. In addition, exemplary configurations for a
baseplate, glenoid component, glenosphere component, humeral
component, humeral head component, humerosocket component,
connector, and adaptor are described. Furthermore, exemplary
positioning of osteoinductive material is described to assist in
the stability of the components.
[0007] Additional understanding of the systems and configurations
contemplated and/or claimed by the inventor can be gained by
reviewing the detailed description of exemplary embodiments,
presented below, and the referenced drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of an exemplary TSA
system.
[0009] FIG. 2 is a rear elevation view of the TSA system
illustrated in FIG. 1.
[0010] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the TSA system
illustrated in FIG. 1, taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2.
[0011] FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of an exemplary
baseplate.
[0012] FIG. 5 is a front elevation view of the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 4.
[0013] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 4, taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 5.
[0014] FIG. 7 is a rear elevation view of the baseplate illustrated
in FIG. 4.
[0015] FIG. 8 is a side elevation view of an exemplary glenoid
component.
[0016] FIG. 9 is a rear elevation view of the glenoid component
illustrated in FIG. 8.
[0017] FIG. 10 is a front elevation view of the glenoid component
illustrated in FIG. 8.
[0018] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the glenoid component
illustrated in FIG. 8, taken along line 11-11 in FIG. 10.
[0019] FIG. 12 is a front elevation view of the glenoid component
illustrated in FIG. 8 attached to the baseplate illustrated in FIG.
4.
[0020] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the glenoid component
illustrated in FIG. 8 attached to the baseplate illustrated in FIG.
4, taken along line 13-13 in FIG. 12.
[0021] FIG. 14 is a side elevation view of the glenoid component
illustrated in FIG. 8 attached to the baseplate illustrated in FIG.
4.
[0022] FIG. 15 is a side elevation view of an exemplary humeral
component.
[0023] FIG. 16 is a front elevation view of the humeral component
illustrated in FIG. 15.
[0024] FIG. 17 is a side elevation view of an exemplary humeral
head component.
[0025] FIG. 18 is a rear elevation view of the humeral head
component illustrated in FIG. 17.
[0026] FIG. 19 is a front elevation view of the humeral head
component illustrated in FIG. 17 attached to the humeral component
illustrated in FIG. 15.
[0027] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the humeral head
component illustrated in FIG. 17 attached to the humeral component
illustrated in FIG. 15, taken along line 20-20 in FIG. 19.
[0028] FIG. 21 is a side elevation view of an exemplary RSA
system.
[0029] FIG. 22 is a rear elevation view of the RSA system
illustrated in FIG. 21.
[0030] FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the RSA system
illustrated in FIG. 21, taken along line 23-23 in FIG. 22.
[0031] FIG. 24 is a front elevation view of an exemplary
glenosphere component.
[0032] FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 24, taken along line 25-25 in FIG.
24.
[0033] FIG. 26 is a rear elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 24.
[0034] FIG. 27 is a side elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 24.
[0035] FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the glenosphere component
illustrated in FIG. 24 attached to the baseplate illustrated in
FIG. 4.
[0036] FIG. 29 is a side elevation view of an exemplary
humerosocket component.
[0037] FIG. 30 is a rear elevation view of the humerosocket
component illustrated in FIG. 29.
[0038] FIG. 31 is a front elevation view of the humerosocket
component illustrated in FIG. 29.
[0039] FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of the humerosocket
component illustrated in FIG. 29, taken along line 32-32 in FIG.
31.
[0040] FIG. 33 is a perspective view of another exemplary
glenosphere component attached to another exemplary baseplate.
[0041] FIG. 34 is a rear elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 33 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 33.
[0042] FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 33 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 33, taken along line 35-35 in FIG. 34.
[0043] FIG. 36 is a front elevation view of another exemplary
glenoid component attached to the baseplate illustrated in FIG.
33.
[0044] FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view of the glenoid component
illustrated in FIG. 36 attached to the baseplate illustrated in
FIG. 33, taken along line 37-37 in FIG. 36.
[0045] FIG. 38 is a perspective view of the glenosphere component
illustrated in FIG. 33 attached to another exemplary baseplate.
[0046] FIG. 39 is a rear elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 33 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 38.
[0047] FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 33 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 38, taken along line 40-40 in FIG. 39.
[0048] FIG. 41 is a perspective view of another exemplary
glenosphere component attached to another exemplary baseplate.
[0049] FIG. 42 is a rear elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 41 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 41.
[0050] FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 41 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 41, taken along line 43-43 in FIG. 42.
[0051] FIG. 44 is a perspective view of an exemplary connector.
[0052] FIG. 45 is a side elevation view of the connector
illustrated in FIG. 44.
[0053] FIG. 46 is a rear elevation view of the connector
illustrated in FIG. 44.
[0054] FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view of the connector
illustrated in FIG. 44, taken along line 47-47 in FIG. 46.
[0055] FIG. 48 is a perspective view of another exemplary
glenosphere component attached to the baseplate illustrated in FIG.
33 using the connector illustrated in FIG. 44.
[0056] FIG. 49 is a rear elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 48 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 33 using the connector illustrated in FIG.
44.
[0057] FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 48 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 33 using the connector illustrated in FIG. 44,
taken along line 50-50 in FIG. 49.
[0058] FIG. 51 is a side elevation view of another exemplary
glenosphere component attached to another exemplary baseplate using
an exemplary adaptor.
[0059] FIG. 52 is a rear elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 51 using an exemplary adaptor.
[0060] FIG. 53 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51 attached to the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 51 using an exemplary adaptor, taken along line
53-53 in FIG. 52.
[0061] FIG. 54 is a perspective view of the adaptor illustrated in
FIG. 53.
[0062] FIG. 55 is a side elevation of the adaptor illustrated in
FIG. 53.
[0063] FIG. 56 is a rear elevation of the adaptor illustrated in
FIG. 53.
[0064] FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view of the adaptor illustrated
in FIG. 53, taken along line 57-57 in FIG. 56.
[0065] FIG. 58 is another perspective view of the adaptor
illustrated in FIG. 53.
[0066] FIG. 59 is a perspective view of the glenosphere component
illustrated in FIG. 51.
[0067] FIG. 60 is another perspective view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51.
[0068] FIG. 61 is a front elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51.
[0069] FIG. 62 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51, taken along line 62-62 in FIG.
61.
[0070] FIG. 63 is a perspective view of the glenosphere component
illustrated in FIG. 51 attached to the adaptor illustrated in FIG.
53.
[0071] FIG. 64 is a side elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51 attached to the adaptor
illustrated in FIG. 53.
[0072] FIG. 65 is a front elevation view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51 attached to the adaptor
illustrated in FIG. 53.
[0073] FIG. 66 is a cross-sectional view of the glenosphere
component illustrated in FIG. 51 attached to the adaptor
illustrated in FIG. 53, taken along line 66-66 in FIG. 65.
[0074] FIG. 67 is a front elevation view of the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 51.
[0075] FIG. 68 is a cross-sectional view of the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 51, taken along line 68-68 in FIG. 67.
[0076] FIG. 69 is a perspective view of the baseplate illustrated
in FIG. 51.
[0077] FIG. 70 is another perspective view of the baseplate
illustrated in FIG. 51.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0078] The following detailed description and the appended figures
are provided to describe and illustrate exemplary embodiments of
the invention for the purpose of enabling one of ordinary skill in
the relevant art to make and use the invention. The description and
figures are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, or
its protection, in any manner.
[0079] As used herein the terms "proximal" and "distal" are used to
describe opposing axial ends of the particular elements,
components, or features being described. The term "attached" refers
to the fixed, releasable, or integrated association of two or more
elements, components, and/or devices. The term "attached" includes
releasably attaching or fixedly attaching two or more elements,
components, and/or devices. The terms "medial" and "lateral" are
used to describe opposing sides of the particular elements,
components, or features being described. The singular forms "a,"
"an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly
dictates otherwise.
[0080] FIGS. 1 through 3 illustrate an exemplary TSA system 100
comprising a baseplate 200, a glenoid component 300, a humeral
component 400, and a humeral head component 500. The baseplate 200
is configured to be received by, and attached to, a previously
prepared scapula of a patient and the glenoid component 300 is
configured to be received by, and attached to, the baseplate 200.
The humeral component 400 is configured to be received by, and
attached to, a previously prepared humerus of a patient and the
humeral head component 500 is configured to be received by, and
attached to, the humeral component 400.
[0081] FIGS. 4 through 7 illustrate an exemplary baseplate 200
comprising a body 202 and a threaded component 204. The body 202 is
generally circular, has a thickness, and comprises a medial side
206, lateral side 208, proximal end 207, distal end 209, recess
210, circumferential, or substantially circumferential, wall 211,
toothed geometry 212, base 213, tapered trunnion 214, and bores
216. The medial side 206 of the body 202 is convex, or
substantially convex, and has threaded component 204 attached
thereto. Both the medial side 206 of the baseplate 200 and the
threaded component 204, or portions thereof, are adapted to be
received by, and attached to, a previously prepared scapula of a
patient. While the medial side 206 has been described and
illustrated as convex, or substantially convex, any suitable
geometry can be used, and skilled artisans will be able to select
an appropriate geometry for a particular embodiment based on
various considerations, including the size and condition of the
patient's scapula, among others. Examples of suitable geometries
include flat, concave, and variating surfaces.
[0082] Optionally, a portion, or the entirety of, the medial side
206 of the body 202 can include a textured surface, and/or
osteoinductive surface, (not shown) to increase the strength,
fixation, stability, and securement of the baseplate 200 to the
scapula of a patient. The textured surface can include one or more
protuberances, bumps, groves, and/or a roughened surface in any
configuration and/or combination.
[0083] The threaded component 204 comprises a threaded shank that
extends proximally, and away, from the lateral side 208 of the body
202. The threads can be formed on the shank and extend from the
proximal end to the distal end of the threaded component 204.
Alternatively, the threads can begin at a point between the
proximal end and the distal end of the threaded component 204 and
extend to the proximal end of the threaded component 204. In a
further alternative, the threaded component 204 can include an
enlarged distal end (e.g., shaft 903 of baseplate 900) to assist
with attachment of the component to the scapula of a patient.
[0084] The threaded component 204 can have any suitable length,
diameter, number of threads, and can be positioned in any suitable
location and at any suitable angle on the medial side 206 of the
body 202, and skilled artisans will be able to select an
appropriate threaded component, position, and angle according to a
particular embodiment based on various considerations, including
the size and condition of the patient's scapula, among others. In
addition, while a threaded component 204 has been illustrated as
attached to the medial side 206 of the body 202, any suitable
attachment mechanism suitable for securing the baseplate 200 to a
scapula can be utilized (e.g., attachment pegs, Morse taper). The
threaded component 204 can be attached, fixedly attached, removably
attached, integral with, or separate from the baseplate 200. It is
considered advantageous to provide a threaded component 204 that is
integral with the baseplate 200 to increase the structural
stability of the baseplate 200 and its attachment to the scapula of
a patient.
[0085] The wall 211 and base 213 cooperatively define recess 210
that extends proximally into the thickness of the body 202 from the
lateral side 208 towards the medial side 206. The wall 211 forms
toothed geometry 212 that extends about the entirety, or a portion
of, the wall 211 and radially inward towards the center of the
baseplate 200. Base 213 has a concave, or substantially concave,
configuration and extends from the wall 211 towards the medial side
206.
[0086] While the wall 211 has been described as circumferential, or
substantially circumferential, other configurations are considered
suitable, and skilled artisans will be able to select an
appropriate configuration according to a particular embodiment
based on various considerations, such as the configuration of the
glenoid component 300, among others. An example of a configuration
of wall that is considered suitable includes a wall that partially
extends around the circumference of the body of the baseplate. In
addition, while the toothed geometry 212 has been described as
extending into recess 210, other configurations are considered
suitable, and the depth and length provided between each tooth of
the toothed geometry 212, the number of teeth, and the angle at
which the teeth are disposed on the wall 211 of the recessed
portion 210 can vary, and skilled artisans will be able to select
an appropriate configuration according to a particular embodiment
based on various considerations, including the size and/or
configuration of the baseplate and glenoid component. Furthermore,
while base 213 has been described and illustrated as being concave,
or substantially concave, any suitable geometry can be used, and
skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate geometry for
a particular embodiment based on various considerations, including
the geometry of the medial side of the body, and/or the geometry of
the medial side of the glenoid component, among others. Examples of
suitable geometries include flat, convex, and variating
surfaces.
[0087] Tapered trunnion 214 (e.g., Morse taper) is disposed on the
base 213 of the body 202, extends from the base 213 towards the
first lateral side, and tapers from its base to its distal end 215.
The tapered trunnion 214 defines a hexagonal recess 218 at, or
near, the center of the distal end 215, which extends proximally
into the tapered trunnion 214 away from the lateral side 208, and
is adapted to receive a tool used to assist with installing the
baseplate 200 into the scapula of a patient. The tapered trunnion
214 can include one or more annular ribs, protuberances, and/or
raised surfaces (not shown) to increase stability of the component
when another component is attached thereto. While a hexagonal
recess 218 has been illustrated as defined by the tapered trunnion
214, any suitable geometrical shape can be defined by the tapered
trunnion 214, and skilled artisans will be able to select an
appropriate geometrical shape for a particular embodiment based on
various considerations, such as the depth of the tapered trunnion,
among others.
[0088] Bores 216 are positioned between the tapered trunnion 214
and toothed geometry 212 and extend through the thickness of the
body 202 from the medial side 206 to the lateral side 208. The
bores 216 are equidistantly spaced about the tapered trunnion 214
and allow for one or more fasteners to have a length inserted
through the bores 216 and into the scapula of a patient, assisting
with securing the baseplate 200 to the scapula of a patient. While
four bores 216 have been illustrated equidistantly spaced about the
tapered trunnion, any suitable number of bores and configuration
can be incorporated into the baseplate, and skilled artisans will
be able to select an appropriate number of bores for a particular
embodiment based on various considerations, such as the size of the
scapula, among others. Examples of suitable numbers of bores
include one, two, three, four, five, six and any number determined
suitable for a particular application. Alternatively, bores 216 can
be omitted.
[0089] The baseplate 200 is formed of a metal, alloy, or any other
suitable biocompatible material. Exemplary materials considered
suitable for the baseplate include titanium (Ti),
cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) and other cobalt alloys (e.g.,
cobalt-chromium (CoCr). The baseplate 200 advantageously provides a
component that serves as a universal platform that may be used with
various modular components (e.g., glenoid component 300,
glenosphere component 700) in the manner described herein to
configure the baseplate 200 for use in a TSA or a RSA. Thus, once
the baseplate 200 is implanted onto the scapula of a patient, the
baseplate 200 can be configured for a TSA as illustrated in FIGS. 1
through 3, or a RSA as illustrated in FIGS. 21 through 23. While
the baseplate 200 has been described as formed of a metal, alloy,
or other suitable biocompatible material, other materials are
considered suitable, and skilled artisans will be able to select an
appropriate material according to a particular embodiment based on
various considerations, such as the intended use of the baseplate,
among others.
[0090] FIGS. 8 through 11 illustrate an exemplary glenoid component
300 comprising a generally circular body 302, raised geometry 304,
toothed geometry 306, tapered cavity 308 and an articulating
surface 310. The body 302 has a medial side 312 and a lateral side
314 defining an articulating surface 310. The raised geometry 304
is disposed on the medial side 312 of the body 302, extends away
from the lateral side 314 of the body 302, and has an outer
circumferential, or substantially circumferential, perimeter 316
and a convex, or substantially convex, portion 318 that extends
from the outer perimeter 316 and away from the lateral side 314.
The toothed geometry 306 is formed on the outer perimeter 316 and
extends about the entirety of, or a portion of, the perimeter 316
and radially outward away from the raised geometry 304.
[0091] The raised geometry 304 has a configuration that compliments
the configuration of the recess 210 of the baseplate 200, and is
adapted to be received by, and engage with, the geometry of the
recess 210 of the baseplate 200. The toothed geometry 306 of the
glenoid component 300 is configured to compliment the toothed
geometry 212 of the baseplate 200 and is adapted to be received by,
and engage with, the toothed geometry 212 of the baseplate 200. The
depth and length provided between each tooth of the toothed
geometry 306, the number of teeth, and the angle at which the teeth
are disposed on the perimeter 316 of the raised geometry 304 can
vary, and skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate
configuration according to a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, including the size of the baseplate and glenoid
component. While portion 318 has been described and illustrated as
being convex, or substantially convex, any suitable geometry can be
used, and skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate
geometry for a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, including the geometry of the lateral side of the
body of the baseplate, among others. Examples of suitable
geometries include flat, concave, and variating surfaces.
[0092] In addition, while the raised geometry 304 is described as
having a circumferential, or substantially circumferential,
perimeter 316, other configurations are considered suitable, and
skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate
configuration according to a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, such as the configuration of the baseplate 200,
among others. An example of a configuration for the raised
geometry, and/or perimeter, that is considered suitable includes a
raised geometry, and/or perimeter, that partially extends around
the circumference of the body of the glenoid component.
[0093] The raised geometry 304 defines tapered cavity 308 which has
an opening 320 defined on the convex, or substantially convex,
portion 318. The tapered cavity 308 extends distally from the
opening 320 into the raised geometry 304 and is tapered from the
opening 320 to the base 322 of the tapered cavity 308. The tapered
cavity 308 is adapted to receive the tapered trunnion 214 of the
baseplate 200 (e.g., Morse taper) to attach the glenoid component
300 to the baseplate 200, and has a configuration complimentary to
the tapered trunnion 214 of the baseplate 200.
[0094] The lateral side 314 of the glenoid component 300 defines a
raised anatomically shaped articulating surface 310 configured to
articulate with a humeral head (e.g., prosthetic or natural) of a
patient. The articulating surface 310 is generally smooth,
uninterrupted, and concave or substantially concave. The geometry
of the articulating surface 310 is configured to approximate,
and/or replicate, the anatomy and structure of the glenoid cavity
of a patient (e.g., radius, thickness, length, width).
[0095] The glenoid component 300 is formed of a ceramic, metal, or
other suitable biocompatible material. Exemplary materials
considered suitable for the glenoid component 300 include titanium
(Ti), and cobalt alloys (e.g., cobalt-chromium (CoCr),
cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo)). It is considered advantageous
to provide a glenoid component 300 formed of a metal to provide
enhanced wear properties of the component. The glenoid component
300 is configured to be attached to the baseplate 200 using an
impact instrument that impacts the tapered trunnion 214 of the
baseplate 200 into the tapered cavity 308 of the glenoid component
300 creating a cold weld between the two components. The
articulating surface 310, glenoid component 300, and/or baseplate
200, can be provided in a variety of different radii and/or sizes,
such as with varying diameters, heights, and widths to enable a
surgeon to select an optimal articulating surface 310, glenoid
component 300 and/or baseplate 200 needed for the anatomy of a
particular patient. While the glenoid component 300 has been
described as formed of a ceramic, metal, or other suitable
biocompatible material, other materials are considered suitable,
and skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate material
according to a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, such as the intended use of the glenoid component,
among others.
[0096] The toothed geometry 212 of the baseplate 200 and/or the
toothed geometry 306 of the glenoid component 300 are adapted to
receive one another, and include a tolerance sufficient to allow
the components to properly engage with one another and become
securely engaged, as illustrated in FIGS. 12 through 14, which
advantageously provides a combination of components (e.g., glenoid
implant) that prevents, or substantially limits, rotation
subsequent to installation. In addition, the configuration of the
toothed geometry 212 of the baseplate 200 and/or the toothed
geometry 306 of the glenoid component 300 advantageously provide
for rotationally variable positioning of the glenoid component 300
within the baseplate 200 when the two components are being attached
to one another.
[0097] While the baseplate 200 and the glenoid component 300, or
portions thereof, have been illustrated as circular, or
substantially circular, other shapes are considered suitable, and
skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate shape for a
baseplate and glenoid component according to a particular
embodiment based on various considerations, including the anatomy
of the patient, among others. Examples of shapes considered
suitable include oval, oblong, rectangular and any shape determined
suitable for a particular application.
[0098] FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate an exemplary humeral component
400 comprising a proximal end 402, distal end 404, distal stem 406,
transition region 408, and proximal head 410. The distal stem 406
extends from the distal end 404 to the transition region 408 and is
adapted to be fitted within a prepared proximal end and canal of
the humerus of a patient. The transition region 408 flares
outwardly, and away, from the distal stem 406 and includes
apertures 412 that extend through a portion of the transition
region 408 of the humeral component 400. Sutures may be threaded
through the apertures 412 to aid in reducing humeral fractures, or
as otherwise needed. For example, the apertures 412 may be used by
a physician to reconstruct the proximal humerus in the event of
humeral fractures, for the attachment of soft tissue, and/or for
the attachment of tuberosity fragments. The number of apertures 412
can vary, and skilled artisans will be able to select an
appropriate number of apertures for a particular embodiment based
on various considerations, including the intended use of the
apertures, among others. Examples of suitable numbers of apertures
include one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten
and any number determined suitable for a particular
application.
[0099] Proximal head 410 is substantially enlarged with respect to
the distal stem 406, flares outwardly from the transition region
408, and extends to the proximal end 402 of the humeral component
400. The proximal head 410 defines cavity 414 that extends distally
into the proximal head 410 from the proximal end 402 of the humeral
component 400. The cavity 414 has a first annular portion 416, lip
417, second annular portion 418, tapered portion 419, and base 420,
as shown in FIG. 20. The first annular portion 416 is located at
the proximal end of the cavity and extends distally into the
proximal head 410 from the proximal end 402 of the humeral
component 400 to lip 417, which extends radially inward towards the
center of the internal cavity 414 and away from the wall of the
proximal head 410. Distal to the lip 417 is second annular portion
418 that tapers from its proximal end at lip 417, which has a
smaller outside diameter than the first annular portion 416, to its
distal end at tapered portion 419. Tapered portion 419 is tapered
from its proximal end to its distal end and extends distally to the
base 420, which is perpendicular, or substantially perpendicular,
to the first annular portion 416.
[0100] The proximal head 410 defines two recessed notches 422 that
extend radially outward from the first annular portion 416 and away
from the center of the cavity 414 and distally into the proximal
head 410. The recessed notches 422 advantageously provide for
substantially limiting, and/or substantially eliminating, the
rotation of the humeral head component 500 when it is attached to
the humeral component 400, as illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20. While
two recessed notches 422 having a substantially curved perimeter
have been described and illustrated, any suitable number of
recessed notches and configurations can be used, and skilled
artisans will be able to select a suitable number of recessed
notches, and configurations for the recessed notches, according to
a particular embodiment based on various considerations, including
the size of the humeral head component being used in conjunction
with the humeral component, among others. Examples of suitable
numbers of recessed notches include one, two, three, four, five and
any number determined suitable for a particular application.
[0101] The humeral component 400 is formed of a ceramic, metal, or
other suitable biocompatible material. Exemplary materials
considered suitable for the humeral component 400 include titanium
(Ti), and cobalt alloys (e.g., cobalt-chromium (CoCr),
cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo)). The humeral component 400 can
comprise a single component. Alternatively, the humeral component
400 can comprise one or more components attached to one another.
The humeral component 400 advantageously provides a component that
serves as a universal platform that may be used with various
modular components in the manner described herein to configure the
humeral component 400 for use in a TSA or a RSA. Thus, once the
humeral component 400 is implanted within a prepared proximal
humerus of a patient, the humeral component 400 can be configured
for a TSA as illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3, a RSA as illustrated
in FIGS. 21 through 23, or a hemi shoulder arthroplasty.
[0102] FIGS. 17 and 18 illustrate an exemplary humeral head
component 500 comprising a medial side 502, lateral side 504,
projection 506, protuberances 508, and an articulating surface 510.
The projection 506 is positioned on the lateral side 504 of the
humeral head component 500, extends distally from the distal end
505 of the articulating surface 510, and comprises a first annular
portion 512, recess 514, second annular portion 516, tapered
portion 518, and base 520. The first annular portion 516 extends
distally from the distal end 505 of the articulating surface 510 to
recess 514, which extends radially inward towards the center of the
projection 506. Distal to the recess 514 is second annular portion
516 that tapers from its proximal end at recess 514, which has a
larger outside diameter than recess 514, to its distal end at
tapered portion 518. Tapered portion 518 is tapered from its
proximal end to its distal end and extends distally to the base 520
of the projection 506, which is perpendicular, or substantially
perpendicular, to the first annular portion 512. Protuberances 508
extend outwardly from the first annular portion 512, away from the
center of the projection 506, and are configured to be received by,
and engage with, the recessed notches 422 of the humeral component
400.
[0103] The humeral head component 500 defines a convex anatomically
shaped articulating surface 510 on the medial side 502 that
articulates with the articulating surface 310 of the glenoid
component 300 or with a natural glenoid. The articulating surface
510 can be provided in a variety of different radii and sizes, such
as with varying diameters and varying heights to enable a surgeon
to select an optimal humeral head component 500 needed for the
anatomy of a particular patient. The articulating surface 510 is
generally smooth, uninterrupted, and convex, or substantially
convex. The geometry of the articulating surface 510 is configured
to approximate, or replicate, the anatomy and structure of the head
of a humerus of a patient (e.g., radius, thickness, length,
width).
[0104] The humeral head component 500 is formed of ceramic,
polyethylene or any other suitable biocompatible material. An
exemplary material considered suitable for the humeral head
component 500 is ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE).
While the humeral head component 500 has been described as formed
of a ceramic, polyethylene, or other suitable biocompatible
material, other materials are considered suitable, and skilled
artisans will be able to select an appropriate material according
to a particular embodiment based on various considerations, such as
the intended use of the humeral head component, among others.
[0105] During use, the humeral head component 500 is attached to
the humeral component 400 by using an interference fit between the
projection 506 and cavity 414 with, or without, the use of cement.
Protuberances 508 advantageously provide for substantially
limiting, and/or substantially eliminating, the rotation of the
humeral head component 500 when attached to the humeral component
400, as illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20. While particular geometries
have been described and illustrated with respect to the cavity 414
and projection 506, other geometries can be used, and skilled
artisans will be able to select an appropriate geometry for a
particular embodiment based on various considerations, including
the geometry of the internal cavity of the humeral component and/or
the geometry of the projection of the humeral head component.
Examples of geometries considered suitable for the lateral side,
projection, and/or protuberances of the humeral head component
include geometries that mirror or substantially mirror the geometry
of the internal cavity and recessed notches of the humeral
component, and vise versa.
[0106] FIGS. 21 through 23 illustrate an exemplary RSA system 600
comprising a baseplate 200, a glenosphere component 700, a humeral
component 400, and a humerosocket component 800. The baseplate 200
is similar to that described above with respect to FIGS. 4 through
7 and the humeral component 400 is similar to that described above
with respect to FIGS. 15 and 16, unless otherwise described below.
The baseplate 200 is configured to be received by, and attached to,
a previously prepared glenoid of a patient and the glenosphere
component 700 is configured to be received by, and attached to, the
baseplate 200. The humeral component 400 is configured to be
received by, and attached to, a previously prepared humerus of a
patient and the humerosocket component 800 is configured to be
received by, and attached to, the humeral component 400.
[0107] FIGS. 24 through 27 illustrate an exemplary glenosphere
component 700 comprising proximal end 702, distal end 704, medial
side 706, lateral side 708, base 707, circumferential, or
substantially circumferential, wall 709, recess 710, raised
geometry 711, toothed geometry 712, tapered cavity 714,
articulating surface 716, bore 718, and retaining screw 720. On the
medial side 706, the wall 709 and the base 707 cooperatively define
a circumferential, or substantially circumferential, recess 710
extending from the medial side 706 towards the lateral side 708 and
into the glenosphere component 700. The raised geometry 711 is
disposed within recess 710, extends from the base 707 towards the
medial side 706, and has an outer circumferential, or substantially
circumferential, perimeter 705. The raised geometry 711 forms a
toothed geometry 712 that extends about the entirety, or a portion,
of the perimeter 705 and radially outward away from the center of
the glenosphere component 700.
[0108] The toothed geometry 712 of the glenosphere component 700 is
adapted to be received by, and engage with, the toothed geometry
212 of the baseplate 200 and is configured to compliment the
toothed geometry of the 212 of the baseplate. The depth and length
provided between each tooth of the toothed geometry 712, the number
of teeth, and the angle at which the teeth are disposed on the
perimeter 705 of the raised geometry 711 can vary, and skilled
artisans will be able to select an appropriate configuration
according to a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, including the size of the baseplate and glenoid
component.
[0109] The raised geometry 711 also has a convex, or substantially
convex, portion 703 that extends proximally from the perimeter 705
and away from the base 707. The raised geometry 711 of the
glenosphere component is adapted to be received by, and engage
with, the geometry of the recess 210 of the baseplate 200. While
portion 703 of the raised geometry 711 has been described and
illustrated as being convex or substantially convex, the recess 710
has been described as being circumferential in configuration, and
the raised geometry has been described as circumferential in
configuration, any suitable geometry can be used, and skilled
artisans will be able to select an appropriate geometry for a
particular embodiment based on various considerations, including
the geometry of the recess of the baseplate and/or the recess of
the glenosphere component, among others. Examples of suitable
geometries include flat, convex, and variating surfaces, among
others. Examples of configurations for the recess, raised geometry,
and/or outer perimeter that are considered suitable include a
recess, raised geometry, and/or outer perimeter that partially
extend around the circumference of the glenosphere component.
[0110] In addition, while the glenosphere component 700, or
portions thereof, have been illustrated as circular, or
substantially circular, other shapes are considered suitable, and
skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate shape for a
glenosphere component according to a particular embodiment based on
various considerations, including the anatomy of the patient, among
others. Examples of shapes considered suitable include oval,
oblong, rectangular and any shape determined suitable for a
particular application.
[0111] The raised geometry 711 defines tapered cavity 714 and
opening 715 of the tapered cavity 714 on portion 703. The tapered
cavity 714 extends distally into the raised geometry 711 from
opening 715 defined by raised geometry 711, defines a taper from
the opening 715 to its base 717, and is adapted to receive the
tapered trunnion 214 of the baseplate 200 (e.g., Morse taper) to
attach the glenosphere component 700 to the baseplate 200. The
tapered cavity 714 has a configuration complimentary to the tapered
trunnion 214 of the baseplate 200.
[0112] The glenosphere component 700 defines an anatomically
shaped, generally convex, articulating surface 716 on the lateral
side 708 configured to articulate with a humerosocket component
(e.g., 800). The articulating surface 716 defines a first opening
719 to bore 718, which extends through the glenosphere component
700 to tapered cavity 714 allowing for the glenosphere component
700 to be attached to the baseplate 200 by retaining screw 720. The
retaining screw 720 can be attached to, or provided separately
from, the glenosphere component 700, and acts as a secondary means
of attachment between the glenosphere component 700 and the
baseplate 200. The proximal end of the retaining screw 720 is
adapted to receive a tool used to assist with installing the
baseplate 200 and/or glenosphere component 700 into the scapula of
a patient.
[0113] The articulating surface 716 is generally smooth,
uninterrupted, and convex, or substantially convex. The geometry of
the articulating surface 716 can be provided in a variety of
different radii and sizes, such as with varying diameters and
varying heights to enable a surgeon to select an optimal
glenosphere component 700 needed for the anatomy of a particular
patient.
[0114] The toothed geometry 212 of the baseplate 200 and the
toothed geometry 712 of the glenosphere component 700 are adapted
to receive one another, and include a tolerance sufficient to allow
the components to properly engage with one another, as illustrated
in FIG. 28, which advantageously provides a combination of
components (e.g., glenoid implant) that prevents rotation of the
glenosphere component 700 when attached to the baseplate 200. In
addition, the configuration of the toothed geometry 212 of the
baseplate 200 and/or the toothed geometry 711 of the glenosphere
component 700 advantageously provides for rotationally variable
positioning of the glenosphere component 700 within the baseplate
200 when the two components are attached to one another.
[0115] The glenosphere component 700 is formed of a ceramic, metal,
or other suitable biocompatible material. Exemplary materials
considered suitable for the glenosphere component 700 include
titanium (Ti), and cobalt alloys (e.g., cobalt-chromium (CoCr),
cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo)). The glenosphere component 700
is configured to be attached to the baseplate 200 using an impact
instrument that impacts the tapered trunnion 214 of the baseplate
200 into the tapered cavity 714 of the glenosphere component 700
creating a cold weld between the two components.
[0116] FIGS. 29 through 32 illustrate an exemplary humerosocket
component 800 comprising a medial side 802, lateral side 804, first
annular portion 805, projection 806, protuberances 808, and
articulating face 810. The projection 806 is positioned on the
lateral side 804 of the humerosocket component 800, extends
distally from the distal end 807 of the first annular portion 805,
and comprises a second annular portion 812, recess 814, ridges 816,
tapered portion 818, and base 820. The second annular portion 812
extends distally from the distal end 807 of the first annular
portion 805 to recess 814, which extends radially inward towards
the center of the projection 806. Distal to the recess 814, and
proximal to the tapered portion 818, are ridges 816 that extend
outwardly away from the center of the projection 806 and are
configured to provide a friction fit between the humerosocket
component 800 and the humeral component 400 when the humerosocket
component 800 is attached to the humeral component 400. Tapered
portion 818 is tapered from its proximal end to its distal end and
extends from the last ridge, or near the last ridge, distally to
the base 820 of the projection 806, which is perpendicular or
substantially perpendicular to the first annular portion 812. The
protuberances 808 extend outwardly from the second annular portion
512, away from the center of the projection 806, and are configured
to be received by the recessed notches 422 of the humeral component
400.
[0117] The humerosocket component 800 defines a concave
articulating face 810 on medial side 802 that articulates with the
articulating surface 716 of the glenosphere component 700. The
articulating face 716 extends from the medial side 802 into the
humerosocket component 800 towards the lateral side 804. The
articulating face 810 can be provided in a variety of different
radii and sizes, such as with varying diameters and varying heights
to enable a surgeon to select an optimal humerosocket component 800
needed for the anatomy of a particular patient. The articulating
surface 810 is generally smooth, uninterrupted, and concave, or
substantially concave.
[0118] The humerosocket component 800 is formed of ceramic,
polyethylene or any other suitable biocompatible material. An
exemplary material considered suitable for the humerosocket
component 800 is UHMWPE. While the humerosocket component 800 has
been described as formed of a ceramic, polyethylene, or other
suitable biocompatible material, other materials are considered
suitable, and skilled artisans will be able to select an
appropriate material according to a particular embodiment based on
various considerations, such as the intended use of the humeral
head component, among others.
[0119] During use, the humerosocket component 800 is attached to
the humeral component 400 with, or without, the use of cement to
provide a humeral implant. Protuberances 808 advantageously provide
for substantially limiting, and/or substantially eliminating, the
rotation of the humerosocket component 800 when attached to the
humeral component 400, as illustrated in FIGS. 21 through 23.
Furthermore, while particular geometries have been described and
illustrated with respect to the projection 806, other geometries
can be used, and skilled artisans will be able to select an
appropriate geometry for a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, including the geometry of the internal cavity of
the humeral component. Examples of geometries considered suitable
for the lateral side, projection, and/or protuberances include
geometries that mirror or substantially mirror the geometry of the
internal cavity and recessed notches of the humeral component.
[0120] The baseplate 200 advantageously provides for attaching
either of the glenoid component 300 or glenosphere component 700
and humeral component 400 advantageously provides for attaching
either of the humeral head component 500 or humerosocket component
800. The convertibility of the components allows for transitioning
between a TSA and RSA system without requiring the replacement of
the humeral component 400 and/or baseplate 200, providing for a
procedure that is less complex, and requires less time to
complete.
[0121] It is considered advantageous to provide a glenoid component
300 and/or glenosphere component 700 formed of metal (e.g., CoCrMo)
to articulate with a humeral head component 500 and/or humerosocket
component 800 formed of a plastic (e.g., UHMWPE) to provide
improved wear properties of the components. For example, the
inventor has determined that providing a humeral head component
(e.g., humeral head component 500) formed of plastic (e.g., UHMWPE)
is particularly well suited for use in a TSA or hemi shoulder
arthroplasty at least because this material provides improved wear
properties and reduces the likelihood of metal components coming
into contact with other metal components. In addition, it is
considered advantageous to provide a glenoid component 300 formed
of metal (e.g., CoCrMo) to articulate with any form of humeral head
component (e.g., natural, prosthetic) to provide improved wear
properties of the components.
[0122] While various configurations have been described with
respect to baseplate 200, glenoid component 300, and glenosphere
component 700, it should be understood that other configurations
are considered suitable. For example, inverting the configurations
described with respect to baseplate 200, glenoid component 300, and
glenosphere component 700 is considered suitable (e.g., the
baseplate having a raised geometry with an outer circumferential
perimeter forming a toothed geometry and the glenoid and/or
glenosphere component having a circumferential wall forming a
toothed geometry).
[0123] FIGS. 33 through 35 illustrate another exemplary glenosphere
component 1000 similar to glenosphere component 700, except as
described below, attached to another exemplary baseplate 900,
similar to baseplate 200, except as described below. Baseplate 900
comprises a body 902, shaft 903, and threaded component 904. The
body 902 is generally circular and comprises a medial side 906,
lateral side 908, and defines a tapered cavity 910. The tapered
cavity 910 extends from the lateral side 908 of the body 902 and
into the body 902 towards the medial side 906, into a portion of
shaft 903, and forms a taper from the lateral side 908 to the base
909 of the tapered cavity 910. The base 909 of the tapered cavity
910 defines a hexagonal recess 911, which is adapted to receive a
tool used to assist with installing the baseplate 900 into the
scapula of a patient. The shaft 903 has a diameter greater than the
diameter of the threaded component 904 to assist with attachment of
the component to the scapula of a patient.
[0124] The glenosphere component 1000 comprises medial side 1002,
lateral side 1004, recess 1006, and tapered trunnion 1008. The
glenoid component 1000 defines a circumferential, or substantially
circumferential, recess 1006 on the medial side 1002 of the
glenosphere component 1000 that extends into the glenosphere
component 1000 from the proximal end 1003 of the glenosphere
component 1000, and surrounds the tapered trunnion 1008. The
tapered trunnion 1008 extends from the base 1007 of the recess 1006
and tapers as it extends away from the base 1007 of the recess
1006. The tapered trunnion 1008 is adapted to be received by and
attach to the tapered cavity 910 of the baseplate 900 and includes
ridge 1009 that is disposed along the length of the tapered
trunnion 1008 and extends radially away from tapered trunnion 1008.
It should be noted that ridge 1009 could be omitted.
[0125] While a particular geometry for recess 1006 and glenosphere
component 1000 have been described and illustrated, skilled
artisans will be able to select an appropriate geometry for the
recess of the glenosphere component and glenosphere component
according a particular embodiment based on various considerations,
including the geometry of the baseplate, among others. Examples of
shapes considered suitable include oval, oblong, rectangular and
any shape determined suitable for a particular application. An
example of s configuration for recess 1006 considered suitable
includes a recess that extends around a portion of the
circumference of the glenosphere component 1000.
[0126] The baseplate 900 and the glenosphere component 1000 are
attached to one another through a cold weld between the components
when the tapered trunnion 1008 of the glenosphere 1000 is received
by, and attached to, the tapered cavity 910 of the baseplate 900.
Optionally, a bore (not illustrated) can be provided to allow a
length of a retaining screw to be inserted through the bore and
provide a secondary means for attaching the glenosphere component
1000 to the baseplate 900.
[0127] The outside diameter 912 of the body 902 of the baseplate is
configured to be smaller than the outside diameter 1010 of the
recess 1006 so that bone grafting material can be inserted into the
recess 1006 and assist with attaching the component to the scapula
of a patient. This is considered advantageous because it allows for
the bone grafting material that has been inserted within recess
1006 to become incorporated into the host bone, which aids in the
stability of the components when implanted. Current RSA glenosphere
components utilize a flat medial side which does not allow for
additional bone grafting material to be incorporated into the
component, such as glenosphere 1000. The depth of recess 1006 can
vary, and skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate
depth according to a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, including the configuration of the baseplate, among
others.
[0128] A portion, or the entirety of, the medial side 906 of the
baseplate 900, medial side 1002 of the glenosphere component 1000,
and recess 1006 of the glenosphere component 1000 can be covered
and/or filled with an osteoinductive material 1014. The
osteoinductive material 1014 can comprise a highly porous
biomaterial useful as a bone substitute and/or cell and tissue
receptive material for promotion of bone in-growth to aid in the
osseointegration of baseplate 900 and/or glenosphere component 1000
within the scapula of a patient and aids in the stability of the
baseplate 900 and glenosphere component 1000. Such a material may
be formed from a reticulated vitreous carbon foam substrate that is
infiltrated and coated with a biocompatible metal (e.g., tantalum.)
Osteoinductive material can be incorporated into any of the herein
described components. For example, the humeral component (e.g.,
400), humerosocket component (e.g., 800), humeral head component
(e.g., 500), glenoid component (e.g., 300), glenosphere component
(e.g., 700), and baseplate (e.g., 200) can all include
osteoinductive material, and/or an osteoinductive surface (e.g.,
hydroxyapatite coating, trabecular metal), on a portion of, or the
entirety of, the medial and/or lateral side of the component.
[0129] Glenosphere 1000 can alternatively be utilized as a humeral
head component for a TSA or HSA. Current TSA and HSA humeral head
replacements utilize a flat medial side which does not allow for
additional bone grafting material to be incorporated into the
component, such as glenosphere 1000. Skilled artisans will be able
to select an appropriate use for the glenosphere component, and an
appropriate means of attachment between the glenosphere and a
humeral component, as described herein (e.g., tapered trunnion,
tapered cavity), for integrating bone grafting material within the
recess 1006 to provide for additional stability of the
components.
[0130] In an alternative, glenosphere 1000 can be utilized as a
glenoid implant without use of baseplate 900. For example, the
tapered trunnion 1008 of the glenosphere component 1000 can be
directly attached to a previously prepared scapula of a patient
(e.g., a scapula having a tapered cavity with a recess slightly
smaller than the size of the tapered trunnion of the glenosphere
component), with, or without, the use of cement. In this example,
the medial side 1002 of the glenosphere, and/or tapered trunnion
1008, can include a textured surface (e.g., one or more
protuberances, bumps, groves, roughened surface), and/or an
osteoinductive surface, in any configuration and/or combination to
enhance the attachment, and/or bone ingrowth, of the glenosphere
1000 to the scapula of a patient. Furthermore, recess 1006 can be
utilized to increase stability of the attachment to the scapula of
a patient (e.g., by preparing the scapula to have portions thereof
received within recess 1006), or recess 1006 can be omitted. In
another example, the tapered trunnion 1008 can include one or more
annular ribs, protuberances, and/or raised surfaces (not shown) to
increase stability of the component when attached to a previously
prepared scapula of a patient. In a further example, the tapered
trunnion 1008 can be replaced by another means of attachment (e.g.,
threaded component, attachment peg).
[0131] FIGS. 36 and 37 illustrate another exemplary glenoid
component 1100, which is similar to glenoid component 300, except
as described below, attached to baseplate 900. The glenoid
component 1100 comprises a medial side 1102, lateral side 1104,
body 1105, tapered trunnion 1106, recess 1107 and an articulating
surface 1108. The body 1105 of the glenoid component 1100 has a
generally oval shape with a first end 1110 having a radius that is
smaller than the radius of an opposing second end 1112. Body 1105
defines circumferential, or substantially circumferential, recess
1107 which extends from the medial side 1102 towards the lateral
side 1104. The tapered trunnion 1106 extends from the base 1109 of
recess 1107 towards the medial side 1102, tapers from base 1009 to
its proximal end, and is adapted to be received and attached to the
tapered cavity 910 of the baseplate 900. Recess 1107 is adapted to
receive a portion, or the entirety of, the body 902 of the
baseplate 900. The medial side 906 of the baseplate and medial side
1102 of the glenoid component 1100 can comprise an osteoinductive
surface and/or material to assist with glenoid fixation.
[0132] In an alternative, glenoid component 1100 can be utilized as
a glenoid implant without use of baseplate 900. For example, the
tapered trunnion 1106 of the glenoid component 1100 can be directly
attached to a previously prepared scapula of a patient (e.g., a
scapula having a tapered cavity with a recess slightly smaller than
the size of the tapered trunnion of the glenoid component), with,
or without, the use of cement. In this example, the medial side
1102 of the glenoid component, and/or tapered trunnion 1106, can
include a textured surface (e.g., one or more protuberances, bumps,
groves, roughened surface), and/or an osteoinductive surface, in
any configuration and/or combination to enhance the attachment,
and/or bone ingrowth, of the glenoid component 1100 to the scapula
of a patient. Furthermore, recess 1107 can be utilized to increase
stability of the attachment to the scapula of a patient (e.g., by
preparing the scapula to have portions thereof received within
recess 1107), or recess 1107 can be omitted. In another example,
the tapered trunnion 1106 can include one or more annular ribs,
protuberances, and/or raised surfaces (not shown) to increase
stability of the component when attached to a previously prepared
scapula of a patient. In a further example, the tapered trunnion
1106 can be replaced by another means of attachment (e.g., threaded
component, attachment peg).
[0133] The distance from about the outside diameter of the medial
side 906 of the body 902 to about the center of concavity of the
articulating surface 1108 can vary according to the desired result
of the procedure being conducted, and the amount of the baseplate
received within the recess of the glenoid component can also vary,
and skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate distance
according to a particular embodiment based on various
considerations, such as the anatomy of the patient. Exemplary
distances considered suitable between about the center of the
concavity of the articulating surface 1108 and about the outer
diameter of the medial side 906 of the body 902 include distances
in the range from about 1 mm to about 6 mm. Additional exemplary
distances considered suitable between about the center of the
concavity of the articulating surface 1108 and about the outer
diameter of the medial side 906 of the body 902 include distances
in the range from about 2 mm to about 5 mm. Further exemplary
distances considered suitable between about the center of the
concavity of the articulating surface 1108 and about the outer
diameter of the medial side 906 of the body 902 include distances
in the range from about 2.5 mm to about 4.5 mm. Additional
exemplary distances considered suitable between about the center of
the concavity of the articulating surface 1108 and about the outer
diameter of the medial side 906 of the body 902 include distances
about 3 mm. The distances described above can alternatively be
calculated from the about the proximal end of the glenoid component
1100, or the medial side 906 of the outside diameter 912 of the
body 902 when the glenoid component 1100 is attached to the
baseplate 900, to about the center of the concavity of the
articulating surface 1108. In addition, the distances described
above can apply to the glenoid implant illustrated in FIGS. 12
through 14.
[0134] FIGS. 38 through 40 illustrate glenosphere component 1000
attached to another exemplary baseplate 1200, which is similar to
baseplate 1100, except as described below. The baseplate 1200
comprises a medial side 1202, lateral side 1204, body 1206, bores
1208, internal cavity 1210, and threaded component 1212. The body
1206 comprises an oblong configuration having a first end 1214 and
an opposably positioned second end 1216. The distance between the
first end 1214 and the second end 1216 is smaller than the outside
diameter 1010 of the recess 1006 of the glenosphere component 1000
so that bone grafting material can be inserted into the recess 1006
and attach to the scapula of a patient. The medial side 906 of the
baseplate and medial side 1202 of the glenoid component 1200 can
comprise an osteoinductive surface and/or material to assist with
glenoid fixation.
[0135] It is considered advantageous to provide an oblong
configuration to maximize the amount of bone grafting material that
can be incorporated into the recess 1006 of the glenosphere
component and increase the surface area of the osteoinductive
material that can contact the prepared scapula of a patient
allowing for increased stability of the components. Furthermore,
the oblong configuration advantageously simplifies the procedure
associated with attaching the baseplate 1100 to a prepared scapula
of a patient.
[0136] FIGS. 41 through 43 illustrate another exemplary glenosphere
component 1300, which is similar to glenosphere component 1000,
except as described below, attached to another exemplary baseplate
1400, which is similar to baseplate 1200, except as described
below.
[0137] The glenosphere component 1300 comprises a medial side 1302,
lateral side 1304, recess 1306, and tapered cavity 1308. The medial
side 1302 defines recess 1306 and further defines tapered cavity
1308 within recess 1306. As an alternative to the tapered trunnion
1008 of glenosphere 1000, glenosphere 1300 defines a tapered cavity
1308 defined by the body of the glenosphere 1300, which extends
from ridge 1310 into glenosphere component 1300, and is adapted to
receive the tapered trunnion 1408 of the baseplate. Alternatively,
ridge 1310 can be omitted and tapered cavity 1308 can extend from
the base of the recess 1306 into the glenosphere component
1300.
[0138] Glenosphere 1300 can alternatively be utilized as a humeral
head component for a TSA or HSA. Current TSA and HSA humeral head
replacements utilize a flat medial side which does not provide
recess 1306 allowing for additional bone grafting material to be
utilized. Skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate
use for the glenosphere component, and an appropriate means of
attachment between the glenosphere and a humeral component, as
described herein (e.g., tapered trunnion, tapered cavity), for
integrating bone grafting material within the recess 1306 to
provide for additional stability of the components.
[0139] Baseplate 1400 comprises a body 1402, bores 1404, tapered
trunnion 1406, and threaded component 1408. As an alternative to
the tapered cavity 910 in baseplate 900 and internal cavity 1205 in
baseplate 1200, the body 1402 of baseplate 1400 defines a tapered
trunnion 1406 that extends distally from the lateral side 1403 of
the body 1402. The tapered trunnion 1406 defines a hexagonal recess
1410 used to attach the baseplate 1400 to a prepared scapula of a
patient. The tapered trunnion 1408 is adapted to be received by,
and attached to, the tapered cavity 1308 of the glenosphere
component 1300.
[0140] Each of the baseplates, glenoid components, and/or
glenosphere components described herein can include a tapered
trunnion, tapered cavity, and/or bore to attached the component to
a baseplate. For example, a baseplate can comprise a tapered
trunnion and an associated glenoid component or glenosphere
component can comprise a tapered cavity. In another example, a
baseplate can comprise a tapered cavity and an associated glenoid
component or glenosphere component can comprise a tapered trunnion.
In another example, the baseplate can comprise a tapered cavity and
an associated glenoid component or glenosphere component can
comprise a tapered cavity and a connecter can be used to attached
the components, as described below.
[0141] FIGS. 44 through 47 illustrate an exemplary connector 1500
comprising a proximal end 1502, distal end 1504, first portion
1506, second portion 1508, and lip 1510. The first portion 1506
extends from the proximal end 1502 to the lip 1510 and is tapered
from the lip 1510 to the proximal end 1502. The second portion 1508
extends from the distal end 1504 to the lip 1510 and is tapered
from the lip 1510 to the distal end 1504. The outside diameter of
the second portion 1508 at lip 1510 is larger than the outside
diameter of the first portion 1506 at lip 1510. While the outside
diameter of the second portion 1508 at lip 1510 is described and
illustrated as larger than the outside diameter of the first
portion 1506 at lip 1510, the outside diameter of the first portion
and second portion can be equal and the lip can define an outside
diameter larger than the outside diameter of the first and second
portion. Skilled artisans will be able to select an appropriate
size for the first portion, second portion, and/or lip according to
a particular embodiment based on various considerations, including
the configuration of the tapered cavity for which the connector
will be used.
[0142] The connector 1500 advantageously provides a double trunnion
connector, which can be used to attach one or more of the various
components described herein, or other various components (e.g., off
the shelf components). For example, the connector 1500 can be used
to attach glenosphere component 1300 having tapered cavity 1308 to
baseplate 900 having tapered cavity 910. In another example, the
connector 1400 can be used to attach a glenoid component having a
tapered cavity to a baseplate 900 having a tapered cavity 910. The
connector 1500 is adapted to be received by and create a cold weld
with the tapered cavity of the component that will be attached
thereto.
[0143] FIGS. 48 through 50 illustrate another exemplary glenosphere
component 1600 attached to baseplate 900 using connector 1500.
Glenosphere 1600 is similar to glenosphere 1000, except as
described below. Glenosphere 1600 comprises medial side 1602,
lateral side 1604, recess 1606, circumferential, or substantially
circumferential, wall 1607, tapered cavity 1608, and articulating
surface 1610. The body 1605 of the glenosphere component 1600
defines recess 1606, which extends from medial side 1602 towards
the lateral side 1604, and is adapted to receive a portion of, or
the entirety of, body 902 of the baseplate 900. Wall 1607 is
configured to surround a portion of, or the entirety of, body 902
of the baseplate 900. Tapered cavity 1608 is defined by body 1605
within recess 1606, extends from the base of recess 1606 towards
lateral side 1604, and is adapted to receive a portion of the
connector 1500. The opposing end of the connector is received by
the tapered cavity 910 of the baseplate 900. Connector 1500
advantageously provides for use with an off the shelf component,
such as an off the shelf glenosphere component.
[0144] FIGS. 51 through 53 illustrate another exemplary glenosphere
component 1700 attached to another exemplary baseplate 1800 using
an exemplary adaptor 1900. Glenosphere component 1700, illustrated
in FIGS. 59 through 62, comprises medial side 1702, lateral side
1704, body 1703, recess 1706, articulating surface 1708, bore 1710,
and retaining screw 1712. The body 1703 of the glenosphere
component 1700 defines a circumferential, or substantially
circumferential, recess that extends from the medial side 1702
towards the lateral side 1704, and is adapted to receive a portion
of, or the entirety of, adaptor 1900. Bore 1710 extends through
glenosphere component 1700 from the lateral side 1704 to the medial
side 1702 and allows for securing the retaining screw 1712 to the
baseplate 1800.
[0145] Baseplate 1800, illustrated in FIGS. 67 through 70, is
similar to baseplate 900, except that threads 1802 are provided
along the entire, or substantially the entirety of, shaft 1803 of
the threaded component 1804. The threads extend from the medial
side 1806 of the body 1808 to the proximal end of the threaded
component 1804. This configuration advantageously assists with
securing the baseplate 1800 to the prepared scapula of a
patient.
[0146] Adaptor 1900, illustrated in FIGS. 54 through 58, comprises
medial side 1902, lateral side 1904, recess 1906, tapered trunnion
1908, and bore 1910. The body 1903 of the adaptor 1900 is generally
circular and has an outside diameter that is adapted to be received
by the recess 1706 of the glenosphere component 1700. The body 1903
of the adaptor 1900 defines a circumferential, or substantially
circumferential, recess 1706 that extends distally into the body of
the adaptor 1900 from the medial side 1902 towards the lateral side
1904, and is adapted to receive a portion of, or the entirety of,
the body 1808 of the baseplate 1800. Tapered trunnion 1908 is
defined by the body 1903, extends proximally from the base of the
recess 1906, defines a taper from the base of the recess 1906 to
its proximal end, and is adapted to be received by the tapered
cavity 1806 of the baseplate 1800. Bore 1910 extends through body
1903 of the adaptor 1900 and tapered trunnion 1908, and is adapted
to receive a length of retaining screw 1712. Adaptor 1900
advantageously provides for use with an off the shelf component,
such as an off the shelf glenosphere component.
[0147] While the adaptor 1900, or portions thereof, have been
illustrated as circular, or substantially circular, other shapes
are considered suitable, and skilled artisans will be able to
select an appropriate shape for an adaptor according to a
particular embodiment based on various considerations, including
the geometry of the baseplate, among others. Examples of shapes
considered suitable include oval, oblong, rectangular and any shape
determined suitable for a particular application.
[0148] The foregoing disclosure includes the best mode of the
inventor for practicing the invention. It is apparent, however,
that those skilled in the relevant art will recognize variations of
the invention that are not described herein. While the invention is
defined by the appended claims, the invention is not limited to the
literal meaning of the claims, but also includes these
variations.
* * * * *