U.S. patent application number 13/503199 was filed with the patent office on 2012-10-04 for method for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the discharging and charging processes.
This patent application is currently assigned to THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH. Invention is credited to Ronald Kim, Rainer Worberg.
Application Number | 20120247939 13/503199 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43462912 |
Filed Date | 2012-10-04 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120247939 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kim; Ronald ; et
al. |
October 4, 2012 |
METHOD FOR GENERATING A NEGATIVE PRESSURE IN A COKE OVEN CHAMBER
DURING THE DISCHARGING AND CHARGING PROCESSES
Abstract
A method for extracting flue gases from a coke oven chamber,
wherein the flue gases that develop briefly during the process of
discharging and charging the coke cake from and to the coke oven
chamber are extracted by a vacuum generated in the headspace above
the coke cake. The vacuum in the headspace above the coke oven
chamber is generated via channels through the lateral walls of the
coke oven chamber or in the coke cake. The vacuum is generated in
the secondary heating chamber and, by way of example, can be
extracted again from a vacuum supply tank which, for the time that
the coke oven chamber doors are open, is connected to the secondary
heating chamber by opening shut-off devices in the connecting line.
The method avoids the undesirable emission of flue gases into the
atmosphere. A device whereby the method can be carried out is also
disclosed.
Inventors: |
Kim; Ronald; (Essen, DE)
; Worberg; Rainer; (Bottrop, DE) |
Assignee: |
THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH
Dortmund
DE
|
Family ID: |
43462912 |
Appl. No.: |
13/503199 |
Filed: |
October 28, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
October 28, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP10/06603 |
371 Date: |
April 20, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
201/35 ;
202/93 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10B 33/003 20130101;
C10B 41/08 20130101; C10B 27/04 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
201/35 ;
202/93 |
International
Class: |
C10B 51/00 20060101
C10B051/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 11, 2009 |
DE |
102009052502.5 |
Claims
1. Method for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber
during the process of coke pushing and coal charging, wherein the
coke oven chamber is filled with a layer of coal for coal
carbonization, whereby flue gases are generated, and after coal
charging, the coal is heated-up for coal carbonization, and wherein
these volatile coal constituents are partially oxidized by means of
sub-stoichiometrically supplied air directly above the coal charge
in an oven free space intended to serve this purpose, and wherein a
combustion system for combustion of non-burned volatile coal
constituents as well as gases generated during partial oxidation is
arranged beneath the coke oven chamber, and wherein the coke oven
chamber in its side walls or in the coke cake or in the side walls
and in the coke cake contains channels and wherein these channels
connect the upper coke-free section of the coke oven chamber on the
gas side with the combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber,
wherein a negative pressure is generated through these channels in
the oven free space above the coal cake, said negative pressure
serving the purpose of aspirating the flue gases from the oven free
space which evolve during the temporary coal charging or coke
pushing procedure.
2. Method for controlling the negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 1, wherein the procedure for generating the
negative pressure starts 5 minutes prior to opening the doors and
is terminated 30 minutes after closing the doors.
3. Method for controlling the negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure is generated in
the combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber, with the coke
oven chamber being located at the end side in the direction of
suction, and that the negative pressure in the oven free space
above the coke cake is aspirated through the channels.
4. Method for controlling the negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure in the
combustion system is generated by a negative pressure-containing
vacuum line arranged outside the coke oven chamber, the negative
pressure being aspirated via a branch line in the oven free space
above the coke cake via the channels.
5. Method for controlling the negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure is generated in
the combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber by way of a
blower, with the coke oven chamber being located at the end side in
the direction of suction, said blower aspirating the negative
pressure in the combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber via
separate channels, and that the negative pressure is controlled by
way of a regulating device.
6. Method for controlling the negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure in the
combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber is thus generated
by a vacuum receiver tank which is linked to the secondary heating
space via a lockable secondary channel which is shortly connected
to the secondary heating space for the process of suction so that a
negative pressure in the oven free space above the coke cake is
aspirated via the channels, said coke oven chamber being arranged
at the end side in the direction of suction.
7. Device for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber
during the process of coke pushing and coal charging, said device
comprised of: a coke oven chamber that can be charged with a coke
cake destined for carbonization, there being an oven free space
above the coke cake in which the coal destined for carbonization is
warmed-up after charging, and wherein the side walls or the coke
cake or the side walls and the coke cake accommodate channels which
are suitable for aspirating a negative pressure, and wherein a
combustion system for combustion of non-burned volatile coal
constituents as well as gases generated on partial oxidation is
arranged beneath the coke oven chamber, and wherein the coke oven
chamber in its side walls or in the coke cake or in the side walls
and in the coke cake contains channels and wherein these channels
connect the upper coke-free section of the coke oven chamber on the
gas side with the combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber,
wherein the combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber is
equipped with outward-leading secondary channels through which the
combustion system can be charged with a negative pressure, so that
the oven free space above the coke cake can be charged with a
negative pressure via the combustion system and the channels, and
wherein at least one of the outward-leading secondary channels is
equipped with a regulating device.
8. Device for controlling a negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 7, wherein the regulating device is a slide
gate.
9. Device for controlling a negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 7, wherein the regulating device is a
spindle.
10. Device for controlling a negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging
according to claim 7, wherein the regulating device is a flap.
Description
[0001] The invention relates to a method for generating a negative
pressure in a coke oven chamber during the process of coke pushing
and coal charging by way of which noxious flue gases evolving
particularly during the charging and pushing procedure of a coke
oven chamber are sucked from a coke oven chamber to prevent these
gases from escaping into the environment. The invention also
relates to a device for generating a negative pressure in a coke
oven chamber.
[0002] Coke is frequently produced in coke oven chambers which are
charged horizontally, wherein coal charging is followed by the
coking process which produces a usable coke from coal. In this type
of construction, a coal-free space is provided above the coke cake
in order to ensure a trouble-free gas evolution of coking gases.
Coke oven gas escaping from coal when heated-up is collected in
this coal-free space and incinerated by admission of air. To ensure
a uniform heating of the coke cake from all sides, the partially
burned coking gas is conducted in special channels located in the
side walls of the coke oven chambers and passed into secondary
heating spaces arranged beneath the actual coke oven chamber.
There, it is completely incinerated by admission of a further
volume of air. Thereby, the coke cake is also heated from below and
thus from all sides. Coke ovens of this type are called "Heat
Recovery" or "Non-Recovery" coke ovens, depending on the use of the
heat of combustion. Typical types of construction are disclosed in
U.S. Pat. No. 4,344,820 A or U.S. Pat. No. 4,287,024 A.
[0003] As a rule, the operation of coke oven chambers is run in
cycles. After a certain period of time, the carbonization of coal
is complete and the coke is removed from the coke oven chamber.
This is accomplished in a cycle of coke pushing, transferring the
coke into a vehicle for further transportation or into a cooling
device. Subsequently, the coke oven chamber is again charged with
fresh coal. Since a coke oven chamber in general provides capacity
for just a limited amount of coal, several coke oven chambers are
united to form a coke oven bank. As a result, coke production can
be continuous.
[0004] During the procedure of coke pushing and coal charging, the
coke oven chamber doors must be opened. For example, if the oven
doors are opened too early, non-burned flue gases leak through the
open doors or primary air apertures into the environment. When the
ovens have been emptied, they are charged again with non-preheated
coal. As coal is charged into the oven, an intensive evolution and
incineration of crude gases occurs spontaneously due to the high
oven space temperature ranging between 1100.degree. C. and
1400.degree. C. This is the reason for the large volume of flue
gases evolving at the beginning of the cokemaking process. In
conventional types of construction, these flue gases can leak
unrestrictedly into the atmosphere, because the negative pressure
in the combustion chamber existing with closed doors could
otherwise not be maintained as the doors are open during coal
charging. The flue gas quantities escaping during the coal charging
procedure, too, constitute a burden on the environment and endanger
the operating staff. For this reason, numerous tests and
experiments have been made in prior art with the aim to avoid this
non-desired escape of flue gases.
[0005] U.S. Pat. No. 3,844,901 A describes a device for the suction
of dust-laden hot gases, said device comprised of a tapered roof
supported by supporting pillars, the tip of the roof being located
above the source of emissions, and a thermal expansion zone being
formed by the upper zone of the roof, and there being a suction
channel located in the upper zone of the roof and extending the
whole length of the roof, and the cross-section of which widening
towards the suction source, and the suction channel being provided
with air scoops to ensure constant negative suction pressure over
the entire length of the suction channel. The design is claimed for
all methods and chemical processes, but in particular it is
suitable for horizontal coke oven chambers, the roof being located
above the coke oven chamber door so that the flue gases are emitted
into the roof, with the opening of the suction channel being
arranged in the tip of said roof. The roof extends along the whole
front of the coke oven chamber. The structure is stationary and it
demands substantial space in front of the coke oven chamber doors,
said space not being available for coke oven charging machines, for
example.
[0006] GB 365934 A describes coke oven chambers comprised of an
oven free space above the coke cake, with the coke cake being
provided with channels through apertures in the coke oven chamber
ceiling to withdraw the gases evolving during coal carbonization,
sucking theses gases through a connecting pipe into a gas
collecting pipe which is linked to all coke oven chambers, and
wherein devices for controlling the pressure are arranged between
the connecting pipe and the gas collecting pipe. In one embodiment
of the invention, the pressure in the oven free space above the
coke cake is adapted to the relevant stage of the coal
carbonization process by way of adjusting the suction pressure.
[0007] A suction of flue gases during coke pushing and coal
charging is not described. Moreover, the implementation of channels
into the coke cake prior to the process of coal carbonization is
costly. It would therefore be advantageous to take-up the flue gas
evolving during coke pushing and coal charging by way of a negative
pressure which is established during this procedure in the oven
free space above the coke cake. Generating a negative pressure in
the primary and secondary heating space has already been disclosed
in prior art. For flue gas suction, the negative pressure must be
regulated because the negative pressure is increased for this
purpose only for a certain period of time.
[0008] GB 447036 discloses a method for distillation and
carbonization of coal heated in cokemaking retorts, with these
cokemaking retorts being arranged in rows to form coke oven banks,
and with the coal being progressively heated-up so as to dry and
distill it until it has attained a temperature of 600.degree. C.
whereby it is cooled. The retorts can be provided with vertical
heat transport ducts which can also be utilized for suction of
coking gases by way of a negative pressure, said heat transport
ducts being connected to the flue gas channels under the cokemaking
retort in one embodiment of the process. In this manner, a negative
pressure can be aspirated into the oven free space of the
cokemaking retort via the flue gas channels. A coal carbonization
with a controlled exploitation of coking gases can be achieved
thereby. A process step for special aspiration of flue gases during
coke pushing and coal charging is not disclosed.
[0009] The regulation of a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber
has also been disclosed in prior art. EP 1230321 B1 describes a
method for discharge of hot crude gases evolving on coal
carbonization in oven chambers of a coke oven battery, with the
crude gases being withdrawn from the oven chambers at a temperature
of 600 to 1000.degree. C. and introduced without decreasing the
crude gas temperature into a hot gas collecting main, and wherein
the pressure in the oven chambers is measured and regulated
independently of the pressure level of the hot gas collecting main
by way of shutoff and throttling apparatus arranged in the hot gas
streams between the crude gas outlet from the oven chambers and the
hot gas collecting main, and the position of which is controlled as
a function of the pressure measured in the allocated oven chamber,
and wherein the gas from the hot gas collecting main is passed on
to a steam boiler control or a split reactor. By way of the
inventive process, the hot crude gases evolving on coal
carbonization can be supplied without any further treatment and
without decreasing the crude gas temperature to a complete
incineration or cracking unit, without this influencing the
cokemaking process in the oven chambers. The hot gas collecting
main is kept at a slightly negative pressure to generate a vacuum.
The process does not disclose a process step for quick aspiration
of flue gases during coke pushing and coal charging.
[0010] The processes or devices mentioned hereinabove bear a
disadvantage in that a special process step for the suction of
gases is not provided for. However, this process step must be
provided especially for this purpose, because substantial
quantities of flue gas burdened with contaminants escape into the
atmosphere only at the moment of coke pushing and coal charging as
the coke oven chamber doors are opened.
[0011] Now, therefore, it is the task to provide a method for
aspirating the flue gas evolving on coke pushing and coal charging
back into the coke oven chamber by generating and regulating a
negative pressure in the oven within the coke oven chamber which is
increased as compared with normal operation. The term of an
elevated negative pressure shall be understood to mean a pressure
that is further reduced as compared with the atmospheric pressure.
Suction must be so effected that a relatively high negative
pressure is available within a short time interval so that the
suction is complete and free of emissions.
[0012] It would also be of advantage to have no need for structures
on the coke oven chamber ceiling, because the space on the coke
oven chamber ceiling is often utilized for devices serving the
purpose of ventilation. Structures for charging, cleaning or
process controlling, too, may be provided on coke oven chamber
ceiling if the space existing there is not required for the suction
device.
[0013] The invention solves this task by way of an aspiration
system for negative pressure which effects the aspiration through
the secondary heating space via channels through the side walls, so
that an elevated negative pressure is generated in the oven for the
period of opening the coke oven chamber doors and of pushing and
charging the coke or coal cake in the oven free space above the
coke cake which is also called primary heating space.
[0014] For example, this can be accomplished by means of a special
aspiration device which is connected to the channels on the suction
side. The pressure in the primary heating space is thus lowered
when the coke oven chamber doors are opened, so that the flue gases
evolving during coke pushing after opening the doors are sucked
into the interior of the primary heating space instead of escaping
into the atmosphere. By way of this method and the device
associated therewith, space is not required, neither on the coke
oven chamber ceiling nor in front of the coke oven chamber
doors.
[0015] Claim is particularly laid to a method for generating a
negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the process of coke
pushing and coal charging, wherein [0016] the coke oven chamber is
filled with a layer of coal for coal carbonization, whereby flue
gases are generated, and wherein [0017] after coal charging, the
coal is heated-up for coal carbonization, and wherein [0018] these
volatile coal constituents are partially oxidized by means of
sub-stoichiometrically supplied air directly above the coal charge
in an oven free space intended to serve this purpose, and wherein a
combustion system for combustion of non-burned volatile coal
constituents as well as gases generated during partial oxidation is
arranged beneath the coke oven chamber, and wherein [0019] the coke
oven chamber in its side walls contains channels and wherein these
channels connect the upper coke-free section of the coke oven
chamber on the gas side with the combustion system beneath the coke
oven chamber, and which is characterized in that [0020] a negative
pressure is generated through these channels in the oven free space
above the coal cake, said negative pressure serving the purpose of
aspirating the flue gases from the oven free space which evolve
during the temporary coal charging or coke pushing procedure.
[0021] For an advantageous execution of the present invention, the
aspiration procedure is started 5 minutes prior to opening the coke
oven chamber doors and finished 30 minutes upon closing the coke
oven chamber doors. An optimal suction of flue gases from the coke
oven chamber is thus ensured. In an exemplary embodiment of the
present invention, the aspiration procedure is continued for up to
4 hours after the doors have been closed. The flue gases may
contain soot.
[0022] In a simple type of construction, it is conceivable to
establish the negative pressure directly at the channels in the
side walls so that the channels are connected to the suction side
of an aspirating device, thus creating a negative pressure in the
primary heating space, with the coke oven chamber being arranged at
the end side in the direction of suction. In an advantageous
manner, however, the negative pressure is lowered in the secondary
heating space located beneath the coke oven chamber so that this
negative pressure is aspirated via the channels in the side walls,
the so-called "downcomer" channels, into the primary heating space,
with the coke oven chamber being arranged at the end side in the
direction of suction.
[0023] Typical negative pressures required for a complete suction
of flue gases range between minus 20 and minus 50 Pa in the primary
heating space near the coke oven chamber doors. To achieve this
negative pressure, the discharge of waste gas from the secondary
heating space and the supply of air into the primary heating space
can be temporarily shut-off. In some embodiments of the inventive
process, negative pressures of up to minus 120 Pa can also be
achieved. The inventively sucked-off flue gas can be further used
for any arbitrary purpose.
[0024] For example, in another embodiment, it is favorable to
employ a vacuum receiver tank which on opening the doors of the
coke oven chamber is linked via a valve to be opened to the
secondary heating space so that a negative pressure is thereby
generated within a short period of time in the oven free space
above the coke cake, with the coke oven chamber being arranged at
the end side in the direction of suction. In this manner, the
negative pressure in the oven free space above the coke cake is
aspirated via the channels from the secondary heating space.
[0025] In this case, the vacuum receiver tank will be at an
elevated negative pressure and shortly connected with the secondary
heating space as the coke oven chamber door is opened. Thereby, the
negative pressure in the primary heating space is sufficient to
reliably prevent an escape of gases from the coke oven chamber. The
negative pressure in the combustion system beneath the coke oven
chamber is thus generated by a vacuum receiver tank which is linked
to the secondary heating space via a lockable secondary channel
which is shortly connected to the secondary heating space for the
process of suction so that a negative pressure in the oven free
space above the coke cake is aspirated via the channels. After the
suction process, the vacuum receiver tank can be separated by way
of appropriate devices from the secondary heating space and be
evacuated again.
[0026] In a further embodiment of the invention, the negative
pressure in the combustion system is generated by a negative
pressure-containing vacuum line arranged outside the coke oven
chamber, the negative pressure being aspirated via a branch line in
the oven free space above the coke cake via the channels. This
vacuum line can be arranged at any place in the vicinity of the
coke oven chamber or the coke oven bank. For example, an
arrangement beneath the coke oven chamber doors is possible. But an
arrangement on the coke oven chamber ceiling is also possible.
[0027] It is also feasible to generate the negative pressure in the
combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber by way of a blower
which aspirates the negative pressure in the combustion system
beneath the coke oven chamber via separate channels. The negative
pressure can then be controlled by a device regulating the blower
performance. A receiver tank is not necessarily required for this
purpose.
[0028] Claim is also laid to a device for generating a negative
pressure in a coke oven chamber during the process of coke pushing
and coal charging, said device comprised of [0029] a coke oven
chamber that can be charged with a coke cake destined for
carbonization, there being an oven free space above the coke cake
in which the coal destined for carbonization is warmed-up after
charging, and wherein [0030] the side walls accommodate channels
which are suitable for aspirating a negative pressure, and wherein
[0031] a combustion system for combustion of non-burned volatile
coal constituents as well as gases generated on partial oxidation
is arranged beneath the coke oven chamber, and wherein [0032] the
coke oven chamber in its side walls contains channels and wherein
these channels connect the upper coke-free section of the coke oven
chamber on the gas side with the combustion system beneath the coke
oven chamber, and which is characterized in that [0033] the
combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber is equipped with
outward-leading secondary channels through which the combustion
system can be charged with a negative pressure, so that [0034] the
oven free space above the coke cake can be charged with a negative
pressure via the combustion system and the channels, and wherein
[0035] at least one of the outward-leading secondary channels is
equipped with a regulating device.
[0036] Depending on the magnitude of the vacuum receiver tanks or
aspirating device in relation to the demanded vacuum, the locking
mechanism in the connection between the vacuum receiver tank and
secondary heating space is configured accordingly. If the vacuum
receiver tank is small and provided for taking-up an elevated
negative pressure, the locking mechanism must open quickly and
completely. In this case, a slide gate is suitable, for example. It
opens the secondary channel between the vacuum receiver tank and
the secondary heating space shortly and completely so that a
sufficient negative pressure is generated in the primary heating
space via the secondary heating space and the channels lying there
in between. However, if the volume of the vacuum receiver tank is
large in relation to the required negative pressure, a spindle will
be sufficient for fine dosing, for example.
[0037] In one embodiment of the inventive device for controlling
the negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the coke
pushing and coal charging procedure, claim is laid to a channel
that contains a regulating device for the vacuum, and which
connects the secondary heating space with the suction side of an
aspirating device, with the regulating device being a slide
gate.
[0038] In another embodiment for controlling the negative pressure
in a coke oven chamber during the coke pushing and coal charging
procedure, claim is laid to a channel which utilizes a spindle
instead of the slide gate as regulating device. Finally, in another
embodiment for controlling the negative pressure in a coke oven
chamber during the coke pushing and coal charging procedure, claim
is laid to a channel which utilizes a flap as regulating device. In
principle, however, every regulating device effecting the
adjustment of a vacuum in the primary heating space via the
channels in the side wall through secondary channels at the desired
level and within the desired requisition period is deemed
suitable.
[0039] The inventive method and the device utilized for this
purpose bear the advantage in that on opening the coke oven chamber
doors, a negative pressure is shortly generated in the oven free
space above the coke cake so that the flue gases evolving on coke
pushing after opening the doors are aspirated into the interior of
the primary heating space instead of escaping into the atmosphere,
this method and the device prompted thereby requiring no space,
neither on the coke oven chamber ceiling nor in front of the coke
oven chamber doors. Non-desired emissions into the atmosphere and
the liberation of flue gases representing a danger to environment
and plant staff are thus avoided.
[0040] The inventive device is hereinafter explained by way of two
drawings. These drawings just represent examples of embodiments for
the design and construction of the inventive device, which are not
restricted to these embodiments.
[0041] FIG. 1 shows a lateral view of a coke oven chamber (1)
comprised of a primary heating space (2) and a secondary heating
space (3). Gases evolving on coal carbonization stream into the
primary heating space (2), where they are partially burned and
where the partially burned coking gas streams via channels (4) in
the side walls of the coke oven chamber (1) or in the coke cake (5)
into the secondary heating space (3) arranged beneath the coke cake
(5). There it is completely burned, thus heating the coke cake (5)
from below. The completely burned coking gas is passed on to a
waste gas discharge (6) comprised of a shutoff device (6a) and
terminating into a waste gas channel (6b). To be seen here, too,
are the apertures (4a) of the "downcomer" channels in the primary
heating space (2) through which the negative pressure is aspirated
(4b). Now, if the doors (7) of the coke oven chamber are opened for
coke pushing and coal charging, the feed of primary air which in
this case is accomplished via apertures for primary air in the
ceiling with a U-tube-shaped cover (8) is shut-off through
appropriate shutoff devices (8a) for primary air. The discharge of
waste gases (6), too, from the secondary heating space (3) is
shut-off via appropriate shutoff devices (6a) for waste gas. The
locking devices (9) at the apertures for the feed of secondary air
into the secondary heating space (9) are shut for this procedure.
The valve (10a), which for example may be a slide gate for the
vacuum receiver tank (11) is opened, thereby generating a negative
pressure in the primary heating space (2) via the secondary channel
(10), the secondary heating space (3), and the channels (4).
According to the present invention, the flue gases are thereby
sucked into the primary heating space (2) during the opening of the
coke oven chamber doors (7). After the procedure of aspiration, the
vacuum in the vacuum receiver tank (11) can be restored by means of
a vacuum pump (12) via a vacuum line (13) equipped with a shutoff
device (13a).
[0042] FIG. 2 shows a lateral view of a coke oven chamber (1)
comprised of a primary heating space (2) and a secondary heating
space (3), wherein a vacuum-generating and pressure-regulating
vacuum line (14) are additionally arranged on the ceiling of the
coke oven chamber (1), an example of which is described in GB
365934 A. In particular, it serves the purpose of regulating the
pressure in the coke oven chamber (1) during operation. To this
effect, a vacuum line (14) connected to all coke oven chambers is
arranged on the ceiling of the coke oven chamber (1). For fastening
on the coke oven chamber (1), it is equipped with a holding device
(14a). Via a connecting line (14b) including valve (14c) and
pressure regulating device (14d) the pressure in the primary
heating space (2) of the coke oven chamber (1) is controlled during
operation. In this embodiment, the valve (14c) for the connecting
line is shut during the vacuum aspiration phase via the "downcomer"
pipes (4), so that the pressure regulating device (14d) is not
connected to the coke oven chamber (1) during the aspiration phase.
In this embodiment, the doors (7) of the coke oven chamber (1) are
open so that the coke cake (5) can be pushed out. To be seen here,
too, is the wall (7a) above the coke oven chamber door (7).
According to the invention, a negative pressure is aspirated now
via the "downcomer" channels (4) during this period of opening the
coke oven chamber doors (7) in order to suck the flue gases back
into the coke oven chamber (1). Instead of U-tube-shaped apertures
(8a) on the ceiling, there are simple apertures (8c) installed
there which are equipped with a flap (8d) that can be opened. The
first of these doors (7b) is opened for charging, while the other
door (7) closes the coke oven chamber (1). To be seen here is the
charging of the coke cake (5) accomplished via a vehicle (16) with
the pushing device (15a). The vehicle (15) rests on rollers (15b)
which in turn are arranged at plane ground level (16) In this
embodiment, the waste gas channel (6b) is arranged below ground,
with the feeder of the secondary channel (10) being located
upstream to the shutoff valve (6a) of the waste gas channel. It is
provided with a valve which is opened in this case (10b). Thereby,
the secondary channel (10) is connected to the vacuum receiver tank
(11), aspirating a negative pressure from it. Located at the end of
the suction device and connected via the secondary heating space
(3) and the "downcomer" channels (4) is the coke oven chamber
(1).
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
[0043] 1 Coke oven chamber [0044] 2 Primary heating space [0045] 3
Secondary heating space [0046] 4 Channels [0047] 4a Apertures of
"downcomer" channels [0048] 4b Aspirated negative pressure [0049] 5
Coke cake [0050] 6 Waste gas discharge [0051] 6a Shutoff device for
waste gas [0052] 6b Waste gas channel [0053] 7 Coke oven chamber
doors [0054] 7a Coke oven chamber wall above the coke oven chamber
door [0055] 7b First door of the doors (7b), opened for charging
[0056] 8a Apertures for primary air in the ceiling with
U-tube-shaped cover [0057] 8b Shutoff device for primary air [0058]
8c Apertures for primary air in the ceiling [0059] 8d Flap for
locking the apertures for primary air in the ceiling [0060] 9
Locking devices at the apertures for the feed of secondary air
[0061] 9a Locking devices at the apertures for the feed of
secondary air [0062] 10 Secondary channel [0063] 10a Shutoff device
for secondary channel [0064] 10b Valve for secondary channel which
is opened in this case. [0065] 11 Vacuum receiver tank [0066] 12
Vacuum pump [0067] 13 Vacuum line [0068] 13a Shutoff device for
vacuum line [0069] 14 Vacuum line [0070] 14a Holding device for
vacuum line [0071] 14b Connecting line for vacuum line [0072] 14c
Valve for connecting line [0073] 14d Pressure regulating device
[0074] 15 Vehicle [0075] 15a Pushing device [0076] 15b Rollers
[0077] 16 Plane ground level
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