U.S. patent application number 13/496989 was filed with the patent office on 2012-07-19 for wind or water energy installation.
This patent application is currently assigned to VENPOWER GMBH. Invention is credited to Peter Hein.
Application Number | 20120181793 13/496989 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 41683465 |
Filed Date | 2012-07-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120181793 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Hein; Peter |
July 19, 2012 |
WIND OR WATER ENERGY INSTALLATION
Abstract
A wind or water energy installation for generating electrical
energy, an installation having at least one propeller and at least
one generator having a rotor and a stator. The stator is formed by
at least two mechanically and electrically independent stator
modules that co-operate respectively with the rotor, each of the
stator modules respectively including at least one module-inherent
magnet, and at least one coil through which at least part of the
magnetic flux of the magnet flows, and each of the stator modules
forms a module-inherent magnet circuit with the rotor. In the event
of a relative movement between the rotor and the stator, each
stator module generates a module-inherent output voltage.
Inventors: |
Hein; Peter; (Ruthnick,
DE) |
Assignee: |
VENPOWER GMBH
Ruthnick
DE
|
Family ID: |
41683465 |
Appl. No.: |
13/496989 |
Filed: |
August 30, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
August 30, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP10/05608 |
371 Date: |
March 19, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
290/55 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02K 7/1838 20130101;
H02K 21/44 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
290/55 |
International
Class: |
F03D 9/00 20060101
F03D009/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 17, 2009 |
EP |
09 075 430.0 |
Mar 3, 2010 |
EP |
10 075 096.7 |
Claims
1. A wind or water energy installation for production of electrical
energy having at least one propeller and at least one generator,
which comprises a rotor and a stator characterized in that the
stator is formed by at least two stator modules which are
mechanically and electrically independent of one another and each
interact with the rotor, each of the stator modules in each case
comprises at least one module-specific magnet, at least one coil
through which at least a portion of the magnetic flux of the magnet
flows, and each of the stator modules in each case forms a
module-specific magnetic circuit with the rotor, with each stator
module producing a module-specific output voltage in the event of a
relative movement between the rotor and the stator.
2. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the stator modules can each be removed from
the generator, and fitted into it, independently of other stator
modules, and can be replaced independently of other stator
modules.
3. The wind or water energy installation according to claim 1,
characterized in that the stator modules each have a mounting
device by means of which the distance between the respective stator
module and the rotor can be adjusted on a module-specific
basis.
4. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that at least one of the stator modules,
preferably all of the stator modules, has or have a module-specific
cooling device.
5. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 4,
characterized in that the stator module has a magnetic yoke, and
the module-specific cooling device is arranged indirectly or
directly on that yoke outer face of the magnetic yoke which is
averted from the rotor.
6. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that at least one of the stator modules,
preferably all of the stator modules, has or in each case have a
converter or rectifier, which converts or rectifies an AC voltage
produced by the module-specific coil or coils, and produces a
module-specific AC voltage or DC voltage as the module-specific
output voltage.
7. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 6,
characterized in that the converter or rectifier is arranged on an
outer face of the module-specific cooling device which is averted
from the rotor and the yoke outer face.
8. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the stator modules of the stator are
physically identical.
9. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that, on its surface facing the stator modules,
the rotor has a magnetic reluctance (Rm), which is dependent on its
respective rotation angle, such that the magnitude of the magnetic
flux in the coils of the stator modules is dependent on the
respective rotation angle of the rotor, and varies during rotation
of the rotor.
10. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the magnets of the stator modules are
permanent magnets.
11. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the arrangement of the stator modules around
the rotation axis of the rotor is rotationally symmetrical.
12. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that, on its surface facing the stator modules,
the rotor has teeth which extend radially in the direction of the
stator modules.
13. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 12,
characterized in that the intermediate space between adjacent teeth
is entirely or partially filled with a material which has a higher
magnetic reluctance than the material of the teeth.
14. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the rotor is arranged externally around the
stator or within the stator.
15. The wind or water energy installation as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that the propeller is connected to the rotor of
the generator such that they rotate together.
Description
[0001] The invention relates to a wind or water energy installation
having the features according to the precharacterizing clause of
claim 1.
[0002] For many years, electrical energy has been obtained from the
wind with the aid of wind turbines, which have become ever larger.
The achievable power levels are dependent, inter alia, on the
diameter of the wind turbine. Higher power levels therefore also
mean larger wind turbine diameters and larger propeller blade
lengths. Since the circumferential speed of the propeller tips is
technically limited, this results in ever lower rotation
speeds.
[0003] The invention is based on the object of specifying a wind or
water energy installation which can generate high electrical power
levels but nevertheless is of simple and lightweight design.
[0004] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a
wind or water energy installation having the features claimed in
patent claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the wind or water
installation according to the invention are described in dependent
claims.
[0005] According to the invention, a wind or water energy
installation is accordingly provided for production of electrical
energy having at least one propeller and at least one generator,
which comprises a rotor and a stator. The wind or water energy
installation is characterized in that the stator is formed by at
least two stator modules which are mechanically and electrically
independent of one another and each interact with the rotor, each
of the stator modules in each case comprises at least one
module-specific magnet, at least one coil through which at least a
portion of the magnetic flux of the magnet flows, and each of the
stator modules in each case forms a module-specific magnetic
circuit with the rotor, with each stator module producing a
module-specific output voltage in the event of a relative movement
between the rotor and the stator.
[0006] One major advantage of the wind or water energy installation
according to the invention is that the stator is formed from
separate stator modules; this allows particularly simple
installation of the stator, in particular at a great height above
the ground, as is normal for wind power installations. There is
therefore no need, as in the case of already known wind or water
energy installations, for the entire stator to be transported and
installed in one piece for installation of the stator and in fact,
it can be moved stator module by stator module to the respective
installation location, and can be installed on site, for example
using a crane.
[0007] A further major advantage of the wind or water energy
installation according to the invention is that, in the event of a
defect, individual stator modules can be replaced. There is
therefore no need to replace the entire stator, thus making it
possible to save costs in the event of repair.
[0008] An additional advantage of the wind or water energy
installation according to the invention is that all of the
components which are heated and may need to be cooled during
operation of the generator in order to prevent limit temperatures
from being exceeded can be arranged in the stator of the generator.
Cooling of the stator from the outside is technically relatively
simple, and can be carried out at low cost. Those parts and
elements which carry flux, are arranged in the rotor and can be
heated by remagnetization or eddy currents, and can also be heated
by the stator by heat transfer and/or radiation can be formed by
parts whose temperature is not critical in the case of the wind or
water energy installation according to the invention, as a result
of which there is no need for additional cooling. In other words,
one major advantage of the wind or water energy installation
according to the invention is also that only stator sections need
be cooled and there is no need for cooling of the rotor, even when
very high electrical power levels are produced.
[0009] The stator-side coils of the stator modules may, for
example, be electrically interconnected in order to make it
possible to provide the appropriate currents or voltages, depending
on the configuration of the electrical power supply system to which
the wind or water energy installation is connected.
[0010] The wind or water energy installation is preferably an
installation which has a rating of at least 1 kW. A rating such as
this is generally necessary in order to allow economic use in power
transmission systems.
[0011] The stator modules are preferably designed such that they
can each be removed from the generator, and fitted into it,
independently of other stator modules, and can be replaced
independently of other stator modules.
[0012] It is also considered to be advantageous for the stator
modules each to have a mounting device by means of which the
distance between the respective stator module and the rotor can be
adjusted on a module-specific basis.
[0013] Preferably, at least one of the stator modules, preferably
all of the stator modules, has or have a module-specific cooling
device.
[0014] Furthermore, it is considered to be advantageous if the
stator module has a magnetic yoke, and the module-specific cooling
device is arranged indirectly or directly on that yoke outer face
of the magnetic yoke which is averted from the rotor.
[0015] At least one of the stator modules, preferably all of the
stator modules, has or in each case have a converter or rectifier,
which converts or rectifies an AC voltage produced by the
module-specific coil or coils, and produces a module-specific AC
voltage or DC voltage as the module-specific output voltage.
[0016] Preferably, the converter or rectifier is arranged on an
outer face of the module-specific cooling device which is averted
from the rotor and the yoke outer face.
[0017] In terms of achieving low construction costs, it is
considered to be advantageous for the stator modules of the stator
to be physically identical.
[0018] Preferably, on its surface facing the stator modules, the
rotor has a magnetic reluctance (Rm), which is dependent on its
respective rotation angle, such that the magnitude of the magnetic
flux in the coils of the stator modules is dependent on the
respective rotation angle of the rotor, and varies during rotation
of the rotor.
[0019] Preferably, the magnets of the stator modules are formed by
permanent magnets. Alternatively, it is also possible to use
electromagnets for production of a magnetic flux, instead of
permanent magnets or in combination with permanent magnets.
[0020] Preferably, the arrangement of the stator modules around the
rotation axis of the rotor is rotationally symmetrical.
[0021] By way of example, the rotor may be arranged externally
around the stator or within the stator.
[0022] Preferably, a propeller of the wind or water energy
installation is connected to the rotor of the generator such that
they rotate together. There is therefore no need for a gearbox
between the rotor and the propeller, thus minimizing the weight and
costs.
[0023] In order to allow a polyphase, for example three-phase,
electricity production, it is considered to be advantageous if the
rotational symmetry angle of the arrangement of the stator modules
of the stator and the rotational symmetry angle of the local
distribution of the magnetic reluctance on the rotor are different.
A rotational symmetry angle difference leads to a different pole
pitch on the stator and on the rotor, thus making it possible to
generate electric current for polyphase systems.
[0024] The rotational symmetry angle of the stator and that of the
rotor may, of course, also be identical, if the intention is to
produce only a single current and voltage phase.
[0025] Preferably, on its surface facing the stator, the rotor has
teeth which extend radially outward. A tooth structure or a tooth
profile makes it possible to produce a magnetic reluctance, which
is dependent on the respective rotation angle of the rotor, on the
surface of the rotor in a particularly simple manner. Preferably,
the teeth on the surface of the rotor consist of a material having
low magnetic reluctance, that is to say a material which causes a
high magnetic flux when a magnetic field is applied. For example,
one material which is suitable for the teeth is ferromagnetic
material, since it has a very high permeability.
[0026] The intermediate space between adjacent teeth of the stator
may, for example, be entirely or partially filled with a material
which has a higher magnetic reluctance than the material of the
teeth. For example, the intermediate space between adjacent teeth
may be filled with a plastic or a resin.
[0027] However, it is considered to be particularly advantageous
for the intermediate space between adjacent teeth to remain free,
since, when the rotor rotates, exposed teeth lead to swirling of
the air in the air gap between the stator and the rotor, thus
resulting in cooling of the rotor and the stator.
[0028] Particularly preferably, each stator module in each case has
a flux-guiding element, which is passed through the at least one
stator-side coil, with the cross-sectional area of the flux-guiding
element in the coil area being less than the cross-sectional area
of the stator-side magnet.
[0029] If the cross sections are refined in this way, this leads to
flux concentration in the area of the stator-side coil.
[0030] In a corresponding manner, it is possible for the
flux-guiding stator-side element to be smaller in the coil area
than in the area of its limb ends, with which it forms the
interface to the rotor. This refinement as well leads to flux
concentration in the coil area, but in this case it is possible to
influence the air-gap field at the interface between the rotor and
the stator.
[0031] In order to guide the lines of force through the stator in
as optimum a manner as possible, the stator-side sections of the
magnetic circuits can each be provided with at least one magnetic
flux barrier, which has a higher specific magnetic reluctance than
the rest of the material in the respective stator-side section.
Flux barriers such as these modify the profile of the lines of
force, since the lines of force cannot pass through the flux
barriers, or can do so only poorly, and in consequence have to (at
least predominantly) pass around the flux barriers.
[0032] Furthermore, it is considered to be advantageous for the
stator-side magnet or magnets to be embedded in the flux-guiding
stator-side material.
[0033] Converters are preferably used to convert the generator
output voltage and output frequency, which are dependent on the
propeller rotation speed.
[0034] It is also possible to incline the rotor structure in one
direction or--for example half in each case--in both directions
(arrow inclination) in order, inter alia, to reduce cogging torques
and to positively influence the sound which is produced.
[0035] The invention will be explained in more detail in the
following text with reference to exemplary embodiments; in this
case, by way of example:
[0036] FIG. 1 shows one exemplary embodiment of an arrangement
having a wind energy installation according to the invention, which
is connected to a power transmission system,
[0037] FIGS. 2 to 19 show various exemplary embodiments of stator
modules for a generator for the wind energy installation shown in
FIG. 1,
[0038] FIG. 20 shows one exemplary embodiment of obliquely running
teeth of a rotor for the wind energy installation shown in FIG. 1,
and
[0039] FIG. 21 shows a further exemplary embodiment of obliquely
running teeth of a rotor for the wind energy installation shown in
FIG. 1.
[0040] For the sake of clarity, the same reference symbols are
always used for identical or comparable components in the
figures.
[0041] FIG. 1 shows an arrangement having a wind energy
installation 10 which is connected to a power transmission system
20. The wind energy installation 10 converts wind energy to
electrical energy, and feeds this into the power transmission
system 20.
[0042] The wind energy installation 10 comprises a propeller 30,
which may have a plurality of blades 40. In the exemplary
embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the propeller 30 has three blades,
however, of course, the propeller 30 may also have more or fewer
blades.
[0043] The propeller 30 rotates about a shaft 50 which is connected
to a generator 60 of the wind energy installation 10. If the action
of the wind on the propeller 30 causes it to rotate about the shaft
50, as a result of which the generator 60 will produce electric
current I, which is fed into the power transmission system 20.
[0044] By way of example, FIG. 2 shows one possible embodiment of
the generator 60, illustrated partially. FIG. 2 thus shows a stator
module 100 which, together with other stator modules, which will
not be described in any more detail, forms a stator of the
generator 60. In addition, the figure shows a section 110 of a
rotor of the generator 60, which rotor will not be described in any
more detail.
[0045] The reference symbol 120 in FIG. 2 indicates a magnetic
circuit which, on the stator side, covers a flux-guiding element
125 of the stator module 100, a module-specific magnet 130 of the
stator module 100 as well as two module-specific coils 140 and 141
of the stator module 100. At least a portion of the magnetic flux
which is produced by the module-specific magnet 130 flows through
the module-specific coils 140 and 141. The flux-guiding element 125
of the stator module 100 may also be referred to as the magnetic
yoke of the stator module 100.
[0046] Furthermore, the magnetic circuit 120 covers a section of
the rotor 110. The section of the rotor 110 forms a magnetic
reluctance Rm which depends on the respective rotation angle of the
rotor relative to the stator. For example, FIG. 2 shows that the
rotor 110 has teeth 150 which form a low magnetic reluctance. The
teeth 150 are separated from one another by gaps 160, which form a
magnetic reluctance which is higher than that of the teeth 150.
When the rotor 110 is now rotated with respect to the stator module
100, the total magnetic reluctance for the magnetic circuit 120
will vary periodically and will always depend on the respective
rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator.
[0047] For example, if it is assumed that the module-specific
magnet 130 produces a constant magnetic field strength, then the
magnetic flux which flows through the magnetic circuit 120 will
therefore depend on the respective position of the rotor. If the
rotor 110 is aligned as illustrated in FIG. 2, then the magnetic
flux in the magnetic circuit 120 will be a maximum. In contrast, if
the rotor is rotated, then the magnetic flux will decrease. The
flux variation in the two module-specific coils 140 and 141 results
in a voltage being induced at the conductor ends of the two coils,
which can be output as electrical energy to the power transmission
system 20 as shown in FIG. 1.
[0048] Furthermore, as can be seen from FIG. 2, the flux-guiding
element 125 of the stator module 100 has a U-shaped cross section
and has two limb ends 200 and 210, which interact with the teeth
150 and the gaps 160 in the rotor 110. The configuration of the
flux-guiding element 125 with the U-shaped cross section should in
this case be understood only as an example; the flux-guiding
element 125 may, of course, also have different shapes, as will be
explained in more detail further below in conjunction with other
exemplary embodiments.
[0049] In order to achieve a smooth rotor surface, the gaps 160 may
be filled with a material which has a different magnetic reluctance
to that of the teeth 150. For example, the gaps 160 may be filled
with plastic or a resin.
[0050] However, it is considered to be particularly advantageous
for the gaps 160 to be filled only with air, as a result of which
air is swirled in the gap between the rotor and the stator when the
rotor rotates, and both the rotor and the stator are cooled by the
airflow.
[0051] The module-specific magnet 130 may be a permanent magnet or
an electromagnet.
[0052] FIG. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment for one possible
refinement of the stator module 100. In the exemplary embodiment
shown in FIG. 3, the module-specific magnet 130 of the stator
module 100 is embedded in the material of the flux-guiding element
125. Apart from this, the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3
corresponds to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
[0053] By way of example, FIG. 4 shows one exemplary embodiment of
a stator module 100, in which there are two module-specific magnets
130 and 131. The two module-specific magnets are located at the
limb ends 200 and 210 of the U-shaped flux-guiding element 125.
Apart from this, the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4
corresponds to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
[0054] FIG. 5 shows one exemplary embodiment of a stator module 100
in which the flux-guiding, module-specific element 125 has a
smaller cross-sectional area in the area of the module-specific
coils 140 and 141 than in the area of the limb ends 200 and 210.
Preferably, the shape of the teeth 150 in the rotor is matched to
the shape and the cross section of the limb ends 200 and 210; for
example, the cross sections of the limb ends and the cross sections
of the teeth 150 are identical.
[0055] FIG. 6 shows one exemplary embodiment of a stator module 100
of the generator 60 in which flux is likewise concentrated in the
area of the module-specific coils 140 and 141. As can be seen, the
flux-guiding stator-side element 125 has a smaller cross section in
the area of the module-specific coils 140 and 141 than in the
curved area 126 of the flux-guiding element 125.
[0056] By way of example, FIG. 7 shows one exemplary embodiment of
a stator module 100 which represents a form of combination of the
exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. For example, FIG. 7
shows two module-specific magnets 130 and 131, which are arranged
at the limb ends 200 and 210 of the flux-guiding stator-side
element 125. The figure also shows that the cross section of the
limb ends 200 and 210 and the cross section of the module-specific
magnets 130 and 131 is larger than the cross section of the
flux-guiding stator-side element 125 in the area of the two
module-specific coils 140 and 141.
[0057] FIG. 8 shows one exemplary embodiment of a stator module
100, in which the flux-guiding element 125 of the stator module 100
is like a comb or is in the form of a comb. Preferably, the
flux-guiding element 125 is a curved comb with limbs which are
formed radially on the inside, of which three are annotated with
the reference symbols 300, 301 and 302, by way of example, in FIG.
8.
[0058] The pole pitch of the stator module 100 and the pole pitch
of the rotor are identical in the exemplary embodiment shown in
FIG. 8, as a result of which the voltages induced in the
module-specific coils 140, 141, 142 are either in phase or have a
phase offset of 180.degree.. Current and voltage can thus be
produced for a single-phase power transmission system, by
appropriate connection of the module-specific coils.
[0059] In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the
flux-guiding, stator-side element 125 of the stator module 100 is
likewise formed by a curved element with a comb-like structure, as
has already been explained in conjunction with FIG. 8. In contrast
to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 8, however, the pole
pitch between the stator and the rotor is not identical, as a
result of which the voltages induced in the module-specific coils
140, 141 and 142 have a phase offset with respect to one another,
depending on the pole offset between the stator and the rotor. An
offset such as this makes it possible to generate polyphase, for
example three-phase, currents and voltages for a polyphase, in
particular three-phase, power transmission system.
[0060] FIG. 10 shows one exemplary embodiment of a stator module
100, in which the module-specific magnets 130, 131 and 132 are
aligned along the longitudinal direction of the limbs 300, 301 and
302 of the flux-guiding, stator-side element 125 of the stator
module 100. In this refinement, a relative rotation of the rotor
relative to the stator results in a change in the direction of the
lines of force within the limbs, and therefore to a phase change of
the electrical voltages induced in the module-specific coils 140,
141 and 142.
[0061] FIG. 11 shows one exemplary embodiment of a stator module
100, in which flux barriers 400, which have a particularly high
magnetic reluctance, are integrated in the limbs 300, 301 and 302
of the flux-guiding, stator-side element 125. The function of the
flux barriers 400 is to guide the magnetic lines of force in a
suitable manner within the flux-guiding, stator-side element 125 so
as to achieve as high an efficiency level as possible.
[0062] FIGS. 12 and 13 use one exemplary embodiment to show how the
stator modules 100 may be combined to form a complete stator 500.
As can be seen, each stator module 100 in each case has two
attachment pins 510, by means of which the stator modules can each
be connected to adjacent stator modules, for example by brackets.
It is also possible to fit an attachment ring to the attachment
pins 510, which attachment ring is indicated in FIG. 13 and is
annotated with the reference symbol 520, and whose ring diameter
corresponds to the diameter of the stator 500.
[0063] As can also be seen from FIGS. 12 and 13, the stator modules
100 each have two outer ring segments 530 and 540, which are fitted
externally to the flux-guiding element or magnetic yoke 125 of the
stator module 100. By way of example, a module-specific cooling
device can be integrated in the first outer ring segment 530, and
is arranged indirectly or directly on the yoke outer face of the
magnetic yoke 125 which is averted from the rotor.
[0064] By way of example, a converter or rectifier may be
integrated in the second outer ring segment 540, which is fitted to
the first outer ring segment 530, converting or rectifying an AC
voltage produced by the module-specific coil or coils, and
producing a module-specific AC voltage or DC voltage as the
module-specific output voltage. In the exemplary embodiment shown
in FIG. 13, the converters or rectifiers are each arranged on an
outer face of the first ring segment 530, averted from the rotor
110 and the magnetic yoke 125, and therefore on the outer face of
the module-specific cooling device, averted from the yoke outer
face. The cooling device therefore advantageously cools both the
internal magnetic yoke 125 and the external converter or
rectifier.
[0065] By way of example, FIG. 14 shows stator modules 100 which
are each equipped with two attachment pins 510 and each have an
outer ring segment 530 with an integrated module-specific cooling
device. The cooling device is in each case fitted to the yoke outer
face of the yoke 125. However, there is no second outer ring
segment with a converter or rectifier in this exemplary
embodiment.
[0066] By way of example FIG. 15 shows stator modules 100 which are
connected to one another by brackets, which are not illustrated in
any more detail. There are no outer ring segments for cooling
devices and/or converters or rectifiers in this exemplary
embodiment.
[0067] By way of example, FIG. 16 shows one possible embodiment of
a stator module 100 with a module-specific magnet 130 and a
module-specific coil 140. The coil 140 has external electrical
connections 600, by means of which the stator module 100 can be
electrically connected to other stator modules.
[0068] By way of example, FIG. 17 shows one possible embodiment of
a stator module 100 in which a module-specific rectifier 610 is
connected to the electrical connections 600 of the module-specific
coil 140. External connections 620 of the rectifier 610 are used to
electrically connect the stator module 100 to other stator
modules.
[0069] By way of example, FIG. 18 shows one possible embodiment of
a stator module 100, in which a module-specific converter 630 is
connected to the electrical connections 600 of the three
module-specific coils 140. The converter 630 is formed by a
module-specific rectifier 640 and a downstream module-specific
inverter 650. External connections 660 of the converter 630 are
used to electrically connect the stator module 100 to other stator
modules. In addition, the stator module 100 has a cooling device,
which is annotated with the reference symbol 670.
[0070] By way of example, FIG. 19 shows the possibility of
designing a generator 60 as shown in FIG. 1 such that the rotor 110
can move externally around the stator modules 100. All the
embodiment variants shown in FIGS. 2 to 18 may also be in the form
of external rotors.
[0071] By way of example, FIG. 20 illustrates that the teeth 150
need not necessarily run parallel to the rotation axis 50 shown in
FIG. 1. As can be seen, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
20, the teeth 150 on the rotor are provided with an oblique
profile; this is because the teeth 150 run obliquely or at an angle
to the rotation axis 50 of the rotor.
[0072] In a corresponding manner, the limbs of the flux-guiding,
stator-side element or elements 125 of the stator modules 100 may
also be aligned obliquely or at an angle to the rotation axis 50 of
the generator.
[0073] By way of example, FIG. 21 shows an inclined tooth shape, in
which the teeth have an arrow-shaped incline. Therefore, one
section of each tooth is in each case oriented away from the
rotation axis while, in contrast, a further section, adjacent
thereto, of the respective tooth is once again oriented toward the
rotation axis--thus forming a structure per tooth which is
arrow-shaped overall--seen along the rotation axis.
LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS
[0074] 10 Wind energy installation [0075] 20 Power transmission
system [0076] 30 Propeller [0077] 40 Blade [0078] 50 Shaft [0079]
60 Generator [0080] 100 Stator module [0081] 110 Rotor [0082] 120
Magnetic circuit [0083] 125 Flux-guiding module-specific element
[0084] 126 Curved or bottom area [0085] 130 Magnet [0086] 131
Magnet [0087] 132 Magnet [0088] 140 Stator-side coil [0089] 141
Stator-side coil [0090] 142 Stator-side coil [0091] 150 Teeth
[0092] 160 Gaps [0093] 200 Limb ends [0094] 210 Limb ends [0095]
300 Limb [0096] 301 Limb [0097] 302 Limb [0098] 400 Flux barrier
[0099] 500 Stator [0100] 510 Attachment pin [0101] 520 Attachment
ring [0102] 530 First ring segment [0103] 540 Second ring segment
[0104] 600 Electrical connection [0105] 610 Module-specific
rectifier [0106] 620 External connection [0107] 630 Module-specific
converter [0108] 640 Module-specific rectifier [0109] 650
Module-specific inverter [0110] 660 External connection [0111] 670
Cooling device [0112] I Current [0113] Rm Reluctance
* * * * *