U.S. patent application number 13/195814 was filed with the patent office on 2012-06-07 for data center.
Invention is credited to DAVID DRIGGERS.
Application Number | 20120140415 13/195814 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42284683 |
Filed Date | 2012-06-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120140415 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
DRIGGERS; DAVID |
June 7, 2012 |
DATA CENTER
Abstract
A data center inside a shipping container having a lower plenum
and an upper plenum in its interior. Heated air in the upper plenum
exits therefrom into a plurality of heat exchangers adjacent
thereto. Air cooled by the heat exchangers travels toward and
enters the lower plenum. The data center includes a plurality of
carriages each having an equipment receiving portion located
between an open bottom portion in open communication with the lower
plenum, and an open top portion in open communication with the
upper plenum. Fans inside each of the carriages draw cooled air up
from the lower plenum into the open bottom portion of the carriage,
blow the cooled air up through the equipment receiving portion
thereby cooling any computing equipment received therein, and vent
the cooled air through the open top portion into the upper
plenum.
Inventors: |
DRIGGERS; DAVID; (Poway,
CA) |
Family ID: |
42284683 |
Appl. No.: |
13/195814 |
Filed: |
August 1, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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12347415 |
Dec 31, 2008 |
7990710 |
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13195814 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
361/692 ; 307/29;
307/66; 307/72; 315/152; 361/694; 361/699 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 1/20 20130101; H05B
47/175 20200101; H05B 41/38 20130101; G06F 2200/201 20130101; H05B
45/10 20200101; H05K 7/20745 20130101; G05F 1/66 20130101; F24F
11/30 20180101; G06F 1/183 20130101; F24F 2110/10 20180101; H05K
7/2079 20130101; G05B 15/02 20130101; H05K 7/20736 20130101; H05K
7/1497 20130101; F24F 2110/20 20180101; H05B 35/00 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
361/692 ;
361/699; 315/152; 307/72; 307/66; 307/29; 361/694 |
International
Class: |
H05K 7/20 20060101
H05K007/20; H02J 3/00 20060101 H02J003/00; H02J 9/00 20060101
H02J009/00; H02M 1/10 20060101 H02M001/10; H05B 37/02 20060101
H05B037/02; H02J 1/00 20060101 H02J001/00 |
Claims
1. A portable data center comprising: two longitudinally extending
side portions which are laterally spaced apart; two end portions
connected between the side portions; a lower or floor portion
connected between the bottom of the side portions and the bottom of
the end portions; a upper or roof portion connected between the top
of the side portions and the top of the end portions; an upper
plenum; a lower plenum; a plurality of carriages arranged between
said upper plenum and said lower plenum with the top of said
carriages in open communication with said upper plenum and with the
bottom of said carriages in open communication with said lower
plenum; a plurality of upwardly directed air moving devices located
within said carriages; a plurality of longitudinally directed air
moving devices located within said carriages; a cooling system
having a plurality of refrigerant/air heat exchangers to cool air
received from said upper plenum and a plurality of
water/refrigerant heat exchangers to cool refrigerant received from
said refrigerant/air heat exchangers; a layer of insulation applied
to the interior surfaces of said side portions, said end portions,
said lower or bottom portion, and said upper or top portion; and a
protective layer applied over said insulation layer; a network; a
controller connected to said network.
2. The portable data center of claim 1, further comprising;
mechanical fasteners to hold said insulation layer and said
protective layer in place.
3. The portable data center of claim 1 wherein said layer of
insulation is composed of polyisocyanurate.
4. The portable data center of claim 1, wherein said layer of
insulation is composed of spray applied foam.
5. The portable data center of claim 4, wherein said layer of
insulation is composed of polyurethane spray foam.
6. The portable data center of claim 1, further comprising: a first
and second plurality of carriages, wherein the volume between the
front portion of said first plurality of carriages and the second
plurality of carriages define a walkway; a motion sensing device
coupled to said network, disposed inside the interior portion of
said container, and operable to detect motion in said interior
portion of said container and send a signal over said network; a
plurality of lighting devices located inside said interior portion
of said container and coupled to said controller; and said
controller coupled to said network and said plurality of lighting
devices, said controller being operable to turn said plurality of
lighting devices on and off, to receive said motion signal and
based on the motion signal received, instruct said plurality of
lighting devices to turn on and off.
7. The portable data center of claim 1, wherein the controller is
further configured to turn on the plurality of lighting devices
when motion is detected, and to turn off said plurality of lighting
devices at a predetermined amount of time after the last instance
of motion was detected.
8. A portable data center comprising: a container comprising an
interior portion; a network; a controller; an AC power distribution
system; and a DC control system coupled to said network, said AC
power distribution system, and one or more DC powered
subsystems.
9. The portable data center of claim 8, further comprising: a
battery backup unit connected to said DC control system
10. The data center of claim 8 wherein the DC control system
consists of: a connection to the AC power distribution system; a
connection to the network; a rectifier to convert AC power to DC
power; a connection to one or more DC powered subsystems selected
from the group consisting of fire detection, fire suppression,
personnel door control, interior lighting control, motion
detection, louver control, air moving device control, power
monitoring and control, temperature control, cooled water supply
monitoring, flood detection, and humidity control; and a battery
backup unit to provide ongoing operation of said DC control system
and said DC powered subsystems after loss of AC power.
11. A carriage for use in a portable data center comprising: a top
portion having at least one opening through which air may pass; a
base portion having at least one opening through which air may
pass; a plurality of computing equipment receiving portions located
between said top portion and said base portion; a plurality of air
moving devices located between said top portion and said base
portion and directed in the upward or longitudinal directions; at
least one removable upright support member extending between said
top portion and said base portion and being between at least two of
said plurality of computing equipment receiving portions; at least
one non-removable upright support member extending between said top
portion and said base portion; and at least one removable front to
rear extending frame member extending between said removable
upright support member and said non-removable upright support
member.
12. The carriage for use in a portable data center of claim 11,
further comprising: a front portion comprising a first upright
support member where said member is removable; a rear portion
comprising a second upright support member where said support
member is non-removable; and at least one front to rear extending
member located horizontally between said first upright support
member and second upright support member where said extending
member is removable;
13. The carriage for use in a portable data center of claim 11,
further comprising: said longitudinally directed air moving devices
located between the top portion and the base portion, and between a
front portion upright support member and a rear portion upright
support member.
14. The carriage for use in a portable data center of claim 11,
further comprising: one or more extendable rail systems located
internally to said computing equipment receiving areas; one or more
multi-segment articulated arms; and one or more power
receptacles.
15. The carriage for use in a portable data center of claim 14,
wherein: said extendable rail system is located at the top and at
the bottom of an equipment receiving area for vertically mounted
computing equipment, or located at the sides of said equipment
receiving area for horizontally or longitudinally mounted computing
equipment, and operates to allow individual pieces of computing
equipment to extend from and retract into said carriage while
supplying full support to said computing equipment when extended; a
multi-segment articulated arm consisting of a first portion, which
is connected to the rear portion of said carriage, and an end
portion, which is connected to the rear portion of individual
pieces of computing equipment, and operates to allow computing
equipment support cables to extend and retract in a controlled
manner with said rail system; and a power receptacle located at the
end portion of said articulated arm.
16. The carriage for use in a portable data center of claim 14,
further comprising: a rigid tray mounted between the most outwardly
extending rails of the extendable rail systems and of sufficient
size to support a non-rail mountable piece of computing
equipment.
17. A method of cooling a portable data center constructed inside
of a container having a plurality of lower openings near the bottom
of the container through which cool air from the outside
environment enters the interior space of the container, a plurality
of upper openings near the top of the container through which
heated air exits the interior space of the container, a controller,
a plurality of adjustable louvers covering the upper and lower
openings in communication with said controller, internal and
external temperature and humidity sensors in communication with
said controller, said method comprising: measuring internal
temperature and humidity conditions of said container and
communicating said conditions to said controller; measuring
external temperature and humidity conditions of said container and
communicating said conditions to said controller; said controller
comparing said internal and external temperature and humidity
conditions; and said controller communicating to said louvers to
adjust one or more louver positions.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a Continuation in Part of, and claims
the benefit of priority to, U.S. Utility patent application Ser.
No. 12/347,415 entitled "Data Center", filed Dec. 31, 2008, and
currently co-pending.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention is directed generally to a data center
and more particularly to a modular data center.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] Planning and constructing a traditional data center requires
substantial capital, planning, and time. The challenges of planning
a traditional data center include maximizing computing density
(i.e., providing a maximum amount of computing capacity within a
given physical space). Further, it may be difficult, if not
impossible, to use the space available efficiently enough to
provide adequate computing capacity.
[0006] Once a data center is constructed, it can be difficult to
upgrade to keep up with current technologies. For example, it may
be difficult, if not impossible, to expand an existing data center
operating at full capacity because the expansion may require
additional power and cooling resources, which simply are not
available or would be costly to install.
[0007] Therefore, a need exists for a means of reducing the
capital, planning, and/or time required to implement a data center.
A further need exists for a data center that requires less capital,
planning, and/or time than a traditional data center. A
customizable data center configurable for a particular user's needs
is also desirable. A data center capable of integration with an
already existing data center is also advantageous. A further need
also exists for a data center that requires less time and effort
during set up and installation. The present application provides
these and other advantages as will be apparent from the following
detailed description and accompanying figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)
[0008] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a data center housed inside
a container.
[0009] FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the
container of FIG. 1 omitting its first longitudinal side portion,
front portion, and personnel door to provide a view of its interior
portion.
[0010] FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional
perspective view of the data center of FIG. 1 taken laterally
through the container and omitting its first longitudinal side
portion, and second longitudinal side portion.
[0011] FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional
perspective view of the data center of FIG. 1 omitting its
electrical system and taken longitudinally through the
container.
[0012] FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of
the data center of FIG. 1 omitting its electrical system and taken
laterally through the container.
[0013] FIG. 6 is a front view of a carriage of the data center of
FIG. 1 housing exemplary computing equipment.
[0014] FIG. 7A is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional
perspective view of the data center of FIG. 1 omitting portions of
its vertical cooling system and taken longitudinally through the
container.
[0015] FIG. 7B is an electrical schematic of the electrical system
of the data center of FIG. 1.
[0016] FIG. 8A is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional
perspective view of an embodiment of the data center of FIG. 1
including an uninterruptible power supply ("UPS") omitting its
vertical cooling system and taken longitudinally through the
container.
[0017] FIGS. 8B and 8C are an electrical schematic of the
electrical system of the data center of FIG. 1 including a UPS.
[0018] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the carriage of FIG. 5
omitting the exemplary computing equipment.
[0019] FIG. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional
perspective view of the data center of FIG. 1 omitting its
electrical system and taken longitudinally through the
container.
[0020] FIG. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of
an alternate embodiment of a data center including openings and
louvers along its roof and floor portions, omitting its electrical
system, and taken laterally through the container.
[0021] FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional
perspective view of the data center of FIG. 11 including alternate
louvers along its roof and floor portions and, omitting its
electrical system and portions of its vertical cooling systems, and
taken longitudinally through the container.
[0022] FIG. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of
alternate embodiment of a data center including openings and
louvers along its roof portion and side portions.
[0023] FIG. 14 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the
data center of FIG. 13 omitting louvers along its roof portion and
including louver assemblies along its side portions.
[0024] FIG. 15 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of
the insulated wall of the data center of FIG. 1 showing the outer
container wall, a middle insulating layer, and an inner protective
layer.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0025] Referring to FIG. 1, aspects of the present invention relate
to a data center 10 housed inside a container 12. The container 12
may be a conventional shipping container of the type typically used
to ships goods via a cargo ship, railcar, semi-tractor, and the
like. The container 12 is portable and may be delivered to a use
site substantially ready for use with minimal set up required. As
will be described in detail below, the data center 10 may be
preconfigured with desired computer hardware, data storage
capacity, and interface electronics. For example, the data center
10 may be configured according to customer requirements and/or
specifications.
[0026] The data center 10 is completely self contained in the
container 12 and may be substantially ready for use immediately
following delivery thus reducing the need for on-site technical
staff, and in particular embodiments, reducing the need to install
and setup computing hardware, route data cables, route power
cables, and the like.
[0027] As described in detail below, the environment inside the
container 12 may be climate controlled to provide a suitable
environment for the operation of computing equipment and hardware.
For example, the environment inside the container 12 may provide
optimal power consumption (including adequate power for lighting),
cooling, ventilation, and space utilization. The data center 10 may
be configured to provide an efficient self-contained computing
solution suitable for applications in remote locations, temporary
locations, and the like.
[0028] The container 12 has a first longitudinal side portion 14
opposite a second longitudinal side portion 16. The container 12
also includes a first end portion 18 extending transversely between
the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 and a
second end portion 20 extending transversely between the first and
second side portions 14 and 16. By way of a non-limiting example,
each of the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16
may be about 40 feet long and about 9.5 feet tall. By way of an
alternative non-limiting example, each of the first and second
longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 may be about 20 feet long and
about 9.5 feet tall. The first and second end portions 18 and 20
may be about 8 feet wide and about 9.5 feet tall. One of the first
and second end portions 18 and 20 may include a personnel door 24.
The container 12 also includes a top or roof portion 30 extending
transversely between the first and second side portions 14 and 16
and longitudinally between the first and second end portions 18 and
20. The container 12 also includes a bottom or floor portion 32
extending transversely between the first and second side portions
14 and 16 and longitudinally between the first and second end
portions 18 and 20. The container 12 may be mounted on pillars 33,
blocks, or the like to be elevated above the ground.
[0029] Referring to FIG. 15, to minimize or prevent condensation
build up on the inside of the container 12, and to minimize the
required amount of cool water from the cooled water supply or
source 310, insulation 17 may be applied to the inside of the
container 12, covering the longitudinal side portions 14 and 16,
the end portions 18 and 20, the top or roof portion 30 and the
bottom or floor portion 32. To provide protection, a steel panel 15
is then applied to cover the insulation 17. The steel panel 15 may
be attached to the container 12 side portions 14 and 16, end
portions 18 and 20, top or roof portion 30, and bottom or floor
portion 32 by way of, for example, spot welds numerous enough to
provide adequate mechanical support for the steel panels 15 and
applied insulation 17. By way of non-limiting example, the
insulation 17 may be pre-formed foam panels of polyisocyanurate. By
way of an additional non-limiting example, the insulation 17 may be
spray applied foam, such as polyurethane foam, where the foam will
form a complete air seal and vapor barrier between the interior
environment of the data center 10 and the exterior environment
thereby minimizing the growth of mold and mildew inside and behind
the insulation 17.
[0030] As illustrated in FIG. 2 and appreciated by those of
ordinary skill in the art, the floor portion 32 includes a support
frame 40 having a first longitudinally extending framing member 42A
spaced laterally from a second longitudinally extending framing
member 42B. The first and second longitudinally extending framing
members 42A and 42B extend along and support the first and second
longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 (see FIG. 1),
respectively.
[0031] The floor portion 32 also includes a plurality of laterally
extending framing members 44 that extend transversely between the
first and second longitudinally extending framing members 42A and
42B. A plurality of laterally extending interstices or lower
plenums 46 are defined between the laterally extending framing
members 44. If as illustrated in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 3,
the laterally extending framing members 44 have a C-shaped
cross-sectional shape having an open inside portion 47, the lower
plenums 46 may each include the open inside portions 47 of the
C-shaped laterally extending framing members 44. Air may flow
laterally within the floor portion 32 inside the lower plenums 46,
which include the open inside portion 47 of the C-shaped laterally
extending framing members 44. The laterally extending framing
members 44 may help guide or direct this lateral airflow.
[0032] Each of the laterally extending framing members 44 may be
constructed from a single elongated member having a C-shaped
cross-sectional shape. However, each of the laterally extending
framing members 44 may include three laterally extending portions:
a first portion 50, a second portion 52, and a third portion 54.
The first portion 50 is adjacent the first longitudinal side
portion 14, the second portion 52 is adjacent the second
longitudinal side portion 16, and the third portion 54 is located
between the first and second portions 50 and 52.
[0033] A first pair of spaced apart longitudinally extending
support surfaces 56A and 56B are supported by the first portion 50
of the laterally extending framing members 44. A second pair of
spaced apart longitudinally extending support surfaces 58A and 58B
are supported by the second portion 52 of the laterally extending
framing members 44. In the embodiment illustrated, the third
portion 54 of the laterally extending framing members 44 is flanked
by the longitudinally extending support surfaces 56B and 58B.
[0034] FIG. 4 provides a longitudinal cross-section of the data
center 10. For illustrative purposes, the first end portion 18 and
the personnel door 24 have been omitted to provide a better view of
the components inside the container 12. The first longitudinal side
portion 14, the second longitudinal side portion 16, the first end
portion 18 (see FIG. 1), the second end portion 20, the roof
portion 30, and the floor portion 32 define an enclosed hollow
interior portion 60 accessible to a user (such as a technician) via
the personnel door 24 (see FIG. 1).
[0035] Turning to FIGS. 3 and 5, inside the interior portion 60, a
plurality of racks or carriages 70 are arranged along each of the
first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16. The first
pair of spaced apart longitudinally extending support surfaces 56A
and 56B (see FIGS. 2 and 3) supported by the first portions 50 of
the laterally extending framing members 44 support the plurality of
carriages 70 (see FIG. 3) extending along the first longitudinal
side portion 14. The second pair of spaced apart longitudinally
extending support surfaces 58A and 58B supported by the second
portions 52 of the laterally extending framing members 44 support
the plurality of carriages 70 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) extending along
the second longitudinal side portion 16.
[0036] A central aisle portion 72 is defined between the carriages
70 and above the third portions 54 of the laterally extending
framing members 44. In the central aisle portion 72, the third
portions 54 of the laterally extending framing members 44 support a
walkway 74. Optionally, the walkway 74 may include a perforated
portion 76 and one or more raceways or wire management channels 78A
and 78B extending longitudinally alongside the perforated portion
76. Optionally, one or more raceways or wire management channels
(not shown) may extend along the roof portion 30 in the central
aisle portion 72.
[0037] The perforated portion 76 may be constructed using a gas
permeable, porous, or perforated material. For example, the
perforated portion 76 may be constructed using perforated tiles 80
that permit air to flow through the tiles, from above the tiles to
below the tiles and into the lower plenums 46. The perforated tiles
80 may be any standard perforated computer room tiles known in the
art. For example, suitable tiles include manufacturing part number
20-0357 sold by Tate Access Floors, Inc. of Jessup, Md.
[0038] Each of the wire management channels 78A and 78B has an open
top portion 82 and one or more removable cover 84 affixed
thereupon. Each of the covers 84 is couplable to the open top
portion 82 of each of the wire management channels 78A and 78B. By
way of a non-limiting example, the covers 84 may couple to the open
top portion 82 of the channels 78A and 78B via a friction
connection, snap fit connection, and the like.
[0039] Optionally, the carriages 70 may be coupled to the first
pair of spaced apart longitudinally extending support surfaces 56A
and 56B and the second pair of spaced apart longitudinally
extending support surfaces 58A and 58B by isolators or isolating
couplers 86 configured to absorb movement of the container 12
relative to the carriages 70. The isolating couplers 86 help
prevent damage to any computing equipment mounted to the carriages
70 that may be caused by the movement of the container 12 occurring
when the container is moved to a use location, during a seismic
event (e.g., an earthquake), and the like. As illustrated in FIG.
5, each of the carriages 70 may also be coupled to one of the first
and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 by isolating
couplers 86 to prevent the carriages from toppling over or bumping
into the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 of
the container 12 during transport, a seismic event, and the
like.
[0040] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, five carriages 70
are arranged along each of the first and second longitudinal side
portions 14 and 16. However, this is not a requirement and
different numbers of carriages 70 may be arranged along the first
and/or second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 depending upon
the dimensions used to construct both the carriages 70 and the
container 12. By way of a non-limiting example, five carriages 70
may be arranged along each of the first and second longitudinal
side portions 14 and 16 when the container 12 side portions 14 and
16 are each 40 feet long. By way of an additional non-limiting
example, two carriages 70 may be arranged along each of the first
and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 when the container
12 side portions 14 and 16 are each 20 feet long.
[0041] As may best be viewed in FIG. 5, a first upper plenum 90A is
provided adjacent to the first longitudinal side portion 14 and the
roof portion 30 and a second upper plenum 90B is provided adjacent
to the second longitudinal side portion 16 and the roof portion 30.
Air disposed in the first upper plenum 90A is cooled by a vertical
cooling system 100A (described in greater detail below). Air
disposed in the second upper plenum 90B is cooled by a vertical
cooling system 100B substantially similar to the vertical cooling
system 100A. The cooled air flows downwardly from the first and
second upper plenums 90A and 90B into the central aisle portion 72
of the interior portion 60 of the container 12 and toward the
walkway 74. The central aisle portion 72 essentially serves as a
duct to receive and combine the cooled air from both of the
vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B. In other words, the
vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B flood with cooled air the
central aisle portion 72 of the interior portion 60 of the
container 12 between the carriages 70. By way of a non-limiting
example, the air in the central aisle portion 72 of the interior
portion 60 of the container 12 may have a temperature of about 75
degrees F. to about 79 degrees F., and in some implementations
about 77 degrees F.
[0042] The combined cooled air passes through the perforated
portion 76 of the walkway 74 and into the laterally extending lower
plenums 46. The cooled air inside the lower plenums 46 flows
laterally along the laterally extending framing members 44 toward
both the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16. As
described below, the cooled air is drawn up into the carriages 70,
flows upwardly therethrough, and returns to the first and second
upper plenums 90A and 90B above the carriages 70 whereat it is
cooled again by the vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B,
respectively.
[0043] The vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B are mechanically
separate and operate independently of one another. If one of the
vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B is not functioning, the
other functional vertical cooling system continues to cool the air
flowing into the central aisle portion 72 and hence into the lower
plenums 46 for distribution to both the carriages 70 at the first
longitudinal side portion 14 and the carriages at the second
longitudinal side portion 16 without regard to which vertical
cooling system is not functioning. In this manner, the data center
10 may be cooled by one of the vertical cooling systems 100A and
100B alone. Both of the vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B may
be coupled to a common power source or separate power sources.
Further, the vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B may be coupled
to a common cooled water supply or source 310 (see FIG. 10).
Electrical System
[0044] FIG. 6 provides a front view of one of the carriages 70
storing computing equipment 102. The particular computing equipment
102 received inside the carriage 70 may include any computing
devices (e.g., blade-type servers, backplanes therefore, and the
like) as well as any other type of rack mounted electronic
equipment known in the art. The structure of the carriages 70 is
described in detail below.
[0045] Turning to FIGS. 7A, 7B and 8A, an electrical system 110
supplies electric power to the computing equipment 102 (see FIG. 6)
housed by the carriages 70. For ease of illustration, the computing
equipment 102 has been omitted from FIGS. 7A and 7B. One or more
electric utility lines 112A and 112B (see FIG. 8A) supply power to
the electrical system 110. By way of a non-limiting example, each
of the electric utility lines 112A and 112B may provide about 600
Amperes WYE of power to the electrical system 110. A WYE power
system will allow for the implementation of standard voltages used
in the computing equipment industry like, for example 110VAC and
208VAC. In a preferred embodiment, 208VAC is supplied to a
plurality of power receptacles 132 to allow for increased
efficiency of the internal power supplies of the individual pieces
of computing equipment thereby reducing overall power consumption
of the data center. Additionally, 110VAC is supplied to a plurality
of power receptacles 132 to support computing equipment that cannot
accept 208VAC power input.
[0046] The electrical system 110 includes one or more power
distribution panels 120A and 120B each having a plurality of
circuit breakers 122A-M, and 122A-N, respectively, that protect the
various powered components (including the vertical cooling systems
100A and 100B, the computing equipment 102, and the like) within
the container 12 from power surges, such as an excess in current
draw due to low voltage, a power cable interconnect fault, or any
other condition that causes an excess current draw. By way of a
non-limiting example, the circuit breakers 122A-M of the power
distribution panel 120A and the circuit breakers 122A-N of the
power distribution panel 120B may have a fault rating of less than
22 KAIC (Thousand Ampere Interrupting Capacity).
[0047] The utility line 112A is coupled to the electrical system
110 through a disconnect switch 124A configured to selectively
disconnect the flow of current from the utility line 112A to the
power distribution panels 120A and 120B. For example, the
disconnect switch may be configured for 600 Amps AC. The utility
line 112B may be coupled to a separate disconnect switch 124B
configured to selectively disconnect the flow of current from the
utility line 112B.
[0048] In the embodiment depicted, the power distribution panel
120A provides power to the vertical cooling system 100A and the
power distribution panel 120B provides power to the vertical
cooling system 100B. Each of the power distribution panels 120A and
120B also provides power to the carriages 70 along both the first
and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 of the container
12. In FIG. 7B, the five carriages 70 extending along the first
longitudinal side portion 14 of the container 12 have been labeled
"CARR. #9," "CARR. #7," "CARR. #5," "CARR. #3," and "CARR. #1," and
the five carriages 70 extending along the second longitudinal side
portion 16 of the container 12 have been labeled "CARR. #8," "CARR.
#6," "CARR. #4," "CARR. #2," and "CARR. #0."
[0049] A plurality of electrical conductors 130 are connected to
the circuit breakers 122A-M of the power distribution panel 120A
and the circuit breakers 122A-N of the power distribution panel
120B. Each of the electrical conductors 130 coupled to the circuit
breakers 122C-G and 1221-M of the power distribution panel 120A
extend along the first longitudinal side portion 14 behind the
carriages 70 and each of the electrical conductors 130 coupled to
the circuit breakers 122C-G and 1221-M of the power distribution
panel 120B extend along the second longitudinal side portion 16
behind the carriages 70. The electrical conductors 130 extending
along the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16
transport electricity to a plurality of power receptacles 132,
which may be mounted to the first and second longitudinal side
portions 14 and 16, or the carriages 70. For ease of illustration,
in FIG. 7A, electrical conductors 130 conducting electricity to
selected power receptacles 132 have been omitted.
[0050] Depending upon the implementation details and as appropriate
to satisfy power needs, two or more power receptacles 132 may be
included for each carriage 70. For ease of illustration, two power
receptacles 132 have been illustrated in FIG. 7B for each carriage
70. In the embodiment illustrated, the power receptacles 132 for
the carriage "CARR. #8" are coupled one each (via a pair of
electrical conductors 130) to the circuit breakers 122C of the
power distribution panels 120A and 120B. The power receptacles 132
for the carriage "CARR. #6" are coupled one each (via a pair of
electrical conductors 130) to the circuit breakers 122D of the
power distribution panels 120A and 120B. The power receptacles 132
for the carriage "CARR. #4" are coupled one each (via a pair of
electrical conductors 130) to the circuit breakers 122E of the
power distribution panels 120A and 120B. The power receptacles 132
for the carriage "CARR. #2" are coupled one each (via a pair of
electrical conductors 130) to the circuit breakers 122F of the
power distribution panels 120A and 120B. The power receptacles 132
for the carriage "CARR. #0" are coupled one each (via a pair of
electrical conductors 130) to the circuit breakers 122G of the
power distribution panels 120A and 120B.
[0051] Turning to the carriages 70 along the second longitudinal
side portion 16, the power receptacles 132 for the carriage "CARR.
#9" are coupled one each (via a pair of electrical conductors 130)
to the circuit breakers 122I of the power distribution panels 120A
and 120B. The power receptacles 132 for the carriage "CARR. #7" are
coupled one each (via a pair of electrical conductors 130) to the
circuit breakers 122J of the power distribution panels 120A and
120B. The power receptacles 132 for the carriage "CARR. #5" are
coupled one each (via a pair of electrical conductors 130) to the
circuit breakers 122K of the power distribution panels 120A and
120B. The power receptacles 132 for the carriage "CARR. #3" are
coupled one each (via a pair of electrical conductors 130) to the
circuit breakers 122L of the power distribution panels 120A and
120B. The power receptacles 132 for the carriage "CARR. #1" are
coupled one each (via a pair of electrical conductors 130) to the
circuit breakers 122M of the power distribution panels 120A and
120B.
[0052] The electrical system 110 may include a separate power
supply 133 (e.g., a 480 VAC power supply) for each of the power
receptacles 132. Each of the power supplies 133 may be coupled
between one of the circuit breakers 122C-G and 122I-M of the power
distribution panels 120A and 120B and the power receptacles 132.
The power supplies 133 are coupled to a controller 134 (described
below). The controller 134 sends instructions to the power supplies
133 instructing them to provide power to one or more of their
respective power receptacles 132 or discontinue sending power to
one or more of their respective power receptacles 132. In this
manner, the controller 134 controls which of the power receptacles
132 are powered and which are not.
[0053] Further, circuit breaker 122A of the power distribution
panel 120A is coupled by an electrical conductor 130 to the
vertical cooling systems 100A and circuit breaker 122B of the power
distribution panel 120B is coupled by an electrical conductor 130
to the vertical cooling systems 100B. Optionally, the circuit
breaker 122B of the power distribution panel 120A may be coupled to
the vertical cooling systems 100B and the circuit breaker 122N of
the power distribution panel 120B may be coupled to the vertical
cooling systems 100A.
[0054] The circuit breaker 122H of the power distribution panel
120B may be coupled by an electrical conductor 130 to an optional
humidifier 123. Additionally, circuit breaker 122B of power
distribution panel 120A may be coupled by an electrical conductor
130 to a dehumidifier 125. The humidifier 123 and dehumidifier 125
may include a humidity sensor (not shown) configured to generate a
humidity signal indicating the humidity inside the container 12.
The controller 134 may be coupled to the optional humidifier 123
and dehumidifier 125 and configured to receive the humidity signal
and interpret it to determine the humidity inside the container 12.
The controller 134 may send instructions to the humidifier 123 and
dehumidifier 125 instructing them to increase or decrease the
humidity inside the container 12 based on the humidity signal. In
response to the instructions from the controller 134, the
humidifier 123 may increase its water vapor output to increase the
humidity in the air inside the container 12 or the dehumidifier may
increase its dry air output to decrease the humidity inside the
container 12. Optionally, the functions of the humidifier 123 and
dehumidifier 125 may be combined into a single humidity control
unit (not shown). The controller 134 may be coupled to the humidity
control unit. The controller 134 may send instructions to the
humidity control unit instructing it to increase or decrease
humidity inside the container 12 based on the humidity signal.
[0055] Referring to FIGS. 8A-8C, optionally, the electrical system
110 may include one or more uninterruptible power supplies ("UPS")
114, continuous power supplies ("CPS"), backup batteries, and the
like. The UPS 114 provides power to the various powered components
of the data center 10, including the vertical cooling systems 100A
and 100B, the computing equipment 102, and the like when power to
the utility line 112B is interrupted. In the embodiment
illustrated, the electrical system 110 includes a single UPS 114
configured to provide power to all of the carriages 70 and other
electrical equipment (e.g., the cooling systems 100A and 100B)
located inside of the data center 10. The UPS 114 may include one
or more batteries 115.
[0056] One or more carriages 70 may be omitted from the data center
10 to provide physical space inside the container 12 for the UPS
114. By way of a non-limiting example, a single UPS 114 may fit
within the same footprint or spatial envelope occupied by one of
the carriages 70. By way of another non-limiting example, a single
UPS 114 may fit within the same footprint or spatial envelope
occupied by a pair of laterally adjacent carriages 70. In such
embodiments, the UPS 114 may fit within the spatial envelope of a
first one of the carriages 70 and the batteries 115 of the UPS 114
may occupy the same spatial envelope as a second one of the
carriages 70 laterally adjacent to the first. Thus, the data center
10 may be configured based on the user's desires with respect to
computing equipment 102 and the number of carriages 70 required
thereby versus reliability (i.e., the inclusion or exclusion of one
or more optional UPS 114).
[0057] The UPS 114 may receive electricity from the utility line
112B and/or the utility line 112A. The UPS 114 is coupled to the
power distribution panels 120A and 120B through a disconnect switch
124C. In the implementation illustrated, a UPS bypass switch 124D
is provided. During normal operations, the switches 124A, 124B, and
124C are closed and the UPS bypass switch 124D is open. The UPS 114
may be bypassed by opening switches 124A, 124B, and 124C and
closing the UPS bypass switch 124D. The controller 134 may be
coupled to the switches 124A, 124B, 124C, and 124D and configured
to open them to cut off power to the power distribution panels 120A
and 120B. The dashed lines in FIG. 8B illustrate control lines
coupling the controller 134 to the switches 124A, 124C, and 124D.
The control lines carry instructions from the controller
instructing the switches 124A, 124C, and 124D to open to cut all
power to the power distribution panels 120A and 120B. Another
control line (not shown) may be used to connect the controller 134
to the disconnect switch 124B.
[0058] The UPS 114 is configured to detect when power to the power
distribution panels 120A and 120B has been interrupted and begin
discharging power thereto to avoid or reduce the duration of any
loss of power to the other components of the electrical system 110.
In the embodiment depicted, power received from the utility line
112B (through the disconnect switch 124B) is routed by the UPS 114
through the disconnect switch 124C to the power distribution panels
120A and 120B. When the UPS 114 detects the utility line 112B is no
longer carrying an electrical current, the UPS 114 may be
configured to begin discharging electricity from the batteries 115
to the power distribution panels 120A and 120B or alternatively, to
route power from the utility line 112A to the power distribution
panels 120A and 120B.
[0059] In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8A-8C, the UPS 114
includes a static switch 116. Upon loss of power in the utility
line 112B, the static switch 116 may transfer the load (e.g., the
computing equipment 102) to the utility line 112A. If the utility
line 112A is also not providing power, the UPS 114 will discharge
electricity from the batteries 115 to the power distribution panels
120A and 120B of the electrical system 110. Alternatively, upon
loss of power in the utility line 112B, the UPS 114 may begin
discharging electricity from the batteries 115 to the power
distribution panels 120A and 120B of the electrical system 110.
When the UPS 114 has discharged all of its stored energy, the
static switch 116 will transfer the load (e.g., the computing
equipment 102) to the utility line 112A. Coupling the static switch
116 of the UPS 114 to the utility line 112A provides greater fault
tolerance than coupling the UPS 114 to the utility line 112B
alone.
[0060] Tables A and B below provide a pair of non-limiting examples
of from which power source, the utility line 112A, the utility line
112B, and the batteries 115, the static switch 116 may direct power
to the power distribution panels 120A and 120B. In Tables A and B,
the term "YES" indicates the power source is providing power at the
static switch 116 and the term "NO" indicates the power source is
not providing power at the static switch 116.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE A Supplies power to Utility Utility Batteries
power distribution Line 112A Line 112B 115 panels 120A and 120B YES
YES YES Utility Line 112B YES YES NO Utility Line 112B YES NO YES
Utility Line 112A YES NO NO Utility Line 112A NO YES YES Utility
Line 112B NO YES NO Utility Line 112B NO NO YES Batteries 115 NO NO
NO None
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE B Supplies power to Utility Utility Batteries
power distribution Line 112A Line 112B 115 panels 120A and 120B YES
YES YES Utility Line 112A YES YES NO Utility Line 112A YES NO YES
Utility Line 112A YES NO NO Utility Line 112A NO YES YES Batteries
115 NO YES NO Utility Line 112B NO NO YES Batteries 115 NO NO NO
None
[0061] Referring to FIG. 5, the electrical system 110 also provides
power to a lighting system 140. The lighting system 140 may include
a plurality of light emitting diodes ("LEDs") 142 installed inside
the interior portion 60 of the container 12 on the roof portion 30
within the central aisle portion 72 above the walkway 74 and
between the upper plenums 90A and 90B. The LEDs 142 may provide
power and/or space efficiency over other types of light emitting
devices. Alternatively, the lighting system 140 may include
fluorescent lights (not shown) installed in the central aisle
portion 72 above the walkway 74. In such embodiments, the
electrical system 110 may include a 2 KVA lighting transformer (not
shown). The lighting system 140 may include emergency lights (not
shown) located over the personnel door 24 for emergency egress upon
loss of power. The controller 134 may be coupled to the lighting
system 140 and configured to turn the LEDs 142 on and off. The
lighting system 140 may also include a motion sensing unit 153
installed inside the interior portion 60 of the container 12. The
motion sensing unit may generate a motion signal indicating the
presence of motion inside the container 12. The controller 134 may
be coupled to the optional motion sensing unit 153 and configured
to receive the motion signal and interpret it to determine the
presence of motion inside the container 12. The controller 134 may
send instructions to the lighting system 140 and configured the
turn the LEDs 142 on. The controller 134 may send instructions to
the lighting system 140 and configured to turn the LEDs 142 off
after a pre-determined time from the cessation of the presence of
motion inside the container 12. By way of a non-limiting example,
the controller 134 may instruct the lighting system 140 to turn the
LEDs 142 off after the presence of motion inside the container 12
has not been detected for 10 minutes. The motion signal may also be
communicated to an intrusion detection system 196.
[0062] Referring to FIG. 8D, to support various management
functions within the container 12, a 24VDC system 180 may be
implemented. The 24VDC system may provide power to various
controllers associated with the data center. By way of non-limiting
examples, the controller functions may be for power monitoring and
management 190 such as voltage and current, water supply monitoring
192 such as pressure, temperature and flow rate, various system
alarms such as fire detection 184, fire suppression 186 such as
DuPont's FM200 Fire Suppression System, flood detection 188, as
well as motion sensing 153, lighting 140, intrusion detection 196,
and personnel door 24 control. The 24VDC system may use a dedicated
UPS 194 to allow for continued monitoring and management in the
event that AC input power to the container 12 is lost or
interrupted. In a preferred embodiment, the UPS 194 will have
enough capacity to provide power to the 24VDC system 180 for a
minimum of 1 hour. It is to be appreciated that multiple DC
systems, each outputting a different DC voltage such as, for
example, 12VDC or 48VDC, may be implemented to accomplish all
management and control functions. It is also to be appreciated that
each DC system may use a single dedicated UPS, a single UPS may be
used to supply power to all DC systems, or multiple DC systems may
be provided with power from one of a plurality of DC system
UPSs.
Communication Network
[0063] Returning to FIGS. 7A and 8A, the container 12 may include a
network connection 150, such as a modem, router, and the like,
coupled to an external network 152, such as the Internet. The
network connection 150 may be connected to the external network 152
by any suitable connection known in the art, including a wireless
connection, a segment of copper cable, a segment of fiber optic
cable, and the like. For example, the container 12 may be coupled
to an external network implemented in a neighboring building by one
or more network cable connections (e.g., 48 CAT6 GigE network
connections).
[0064] The container 12 may also include an internal or private
network 154, such as a local area network ("LAN"), used to route
data within the data center 10 between the various pieces of
computing equipment 102. By way of a non-limiting example, the
private network 154 may be implemented as an Ethernet network.
[0065] Network cabling (not shown) may couple the computing
equipment 102 in the carriages 70 to the various network components
of the private network 154. The network cabling may include any
suitable cables known in the art, including copper cables, fiber
optic cables, and the like. The network cabling may be coupled
along the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16 as
appropriate to effect a connection with the computing equipment 102
residing in the carriages 70. Further, the network cabling may
reside inside the wire management channels 78A and 78B.
Alternatively, the computing equipment 102 in the carriages 70 may
be coupled to the various components of the private network 154 via
wireless connections.
[0066] The controller 134 is also coupled to the private network
154. The electrical system 110 may also be connected to the private
network 154. For example, each of the power sources 133 (coupled to
the power receptacles 132) may be coupled to the private network
154. In such embodiments, the controller 134 may send instructions
to the power sources 133 over the private network 154. Further, the
lighting system 140 may be coupled to the private network 154 and
the controller 134 may send instructions to the lighting system 140
over the private network 154. Other components, such as the
optional humidifier 123, dehumidifier 125, and the vertical cooling
systems 100A and 100B may be coupled to the private network 154 for
the purposes of communicating with the controller 134 and/or
receiving instructions therefrom.
[0067] The network connection 150 may be coupled to the private
network 154 for the purposes of providing communication between the
private network 154 and the external network 152. Methods and
devices for implementing the private network 154, coupling the
computing equipment 102 to the private network 154, and coupling
the private network 154 to the external network 152 are well-known
in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Controller
[0068] As is appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the
controller 134 is coupled to and/or includes a memory 136. The
memory 136 includes instructions executable by the controller 134.
The controller 134 may also be optionally coupled to one or more
temperature sensors 137 disposed inside the interior portion 60 of
the container 12 each configured to send a temperature signal to
the controller 134. The memory 136 may include instructions that
when executed by the controller 134 instruct the controller to
interpret the temperature signal received from each of the
temperature sensors 137 to obtain a temperature measurement. The
memory 136 may also store the temperature measurement(s) obtained
from the temperature signal(s), the temperature signal received
from each of the temperature sensors 137, and the like.
[0069] The controller 134 may control both the computing equipment
102 (see FIG. 6) and the environment inside the container 12 over
the private network 154. In embodiments in which the controller 134
is coupled to the network connection 150 to the external network
152, one or more remote computing devices (not shown) coupled to
the external network 152 may communicate with the controller 134.
For example, the remote computing devices may receive temperature
information from the controller 134. Similarly, the remote
computing devices may receive humidity information from the
controller 134 that the controller received from the optional
humidifier 123 and dehumidifier 125. Further, the remote computing
devices may send instructions to the controller 134 instructing it
to send instructions to the optional humidifier 123 and
dehumidifier 125 to increase or decrease the humidity inside the
container 12. The remote computing devices may also instruct the
controller 134 to send instructions powering up or powering down
selected power sources 133 (coupled to selected power receptacles
132). Further, the remote computing devices may also instruct the
controller 134 to turn on or off the LEDs 142 of the lighting
system 140.
[0070] The controller 134 may monitor environmental systems inside
the container 12. For example, the vertical cooling systems 100A
and 100B may each include a cooling system processor or controller
380 (described below). The controller 134 may be coupled to the
cooling system controller 380 for the purposes of receiving
information (e.g., alerts, warnings, system faults, and the like)
therefrom. The controller 134 may send the information it receives
to the remote computing device(s). For example, the controller 134
may transmit an alert to the remote computing device(s) indicating
a problem has occurred (e.g., the flow of cooled water has stopped,
the temperature of the flow of refrigerant is too high to
adequately cool the computing equipment 102, and the like).
Further, the controller 134 may send instructions to the cooling
system controller 380 instructing it to operate or not operate
based on the temperature inside the container 12.
[0071] The memory 136 may include instructions for monitoring the
electrical system 110 and instructing the controller 134 to report
information related to power availability and consumption to the
remote computing device(s) (not shown) coupled to the external
network 152. Further, the controller 134 may receive instructions
from the remote computing device(s), such as an instruction to
power down the electrical system 110 (e.g., open switches 124A,
124B, 124C, and 124D), power selected power sources 133 (coupled to
one or more power receptacles 132), turn off the power to selected
power sources 133 (coupled to one or more power receptacles 132)
and the like.
[0072] The controller 134 may monitor and/or control the computing
equipment 102 (see FIG. 6). For example, the memory 136 may include
instructions for monitoring the UPS 114, individual pieces of
computing equipment 102 (e.g., individual blade servers), and the
like. Further, the controller 134 may receive instructions from the
remote computing device(s), instructing the controller to turn
individual pieces of computing equipment 102 on or off, provide
data thereto, and the like.
[0073] The controller 134 may include a user interface 138
configured to display the temperature measurement(s) obtained from
the temperature signal received from each of the temperature
sensors 137, and any data received from other systems inside the
container 12.
Carriage
[0074] An exemplary embodiment of the carriage 70 is provided in
FIGS. 5, 6, and 9. As mentioned above, the carriage 70 is
configured to store computing equipment 102, which may include a
plurality of computing devices (e.g., blade-type servers) as well
as any other type of rack mounted electronic equipment known in the
art. The carriage 70 has a substantially open base portion 210
opposite a substantially open top portion 212. The carriage 70 also
has a substantially open front portion 214 into which computing
equipment 102, fans, cabling, rack mountable equipment,
accessories, and the like are received for storage and use therein.
Opposite the open front portion 214, the carriage 70 has a back
portion 216.
[0075] Cabling and wiring, such as electrical wiring, communication
cables, and the like, may enter the carriage 70 through the back
portion 216, which may be open and/or may include one or more
apertures 215 configured to permit one or more cables or wires to
pass therethrough. As mentioned above, the electrical conductors
130 and optional communication cabling (not shown) may extend along
the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16. Further,
the power receptacles 132 (see FIG. 7) are positioned adjacent to
the back portions 216 of the carriages 70 along the first and
second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16. Such power receptacles
132 and communication cabling may be coupled to the computing
equipment 102 in the carriage 70 through its back portion 216.
[0076] As is appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, an
amount of computing equipment 102 housed in the interior portion 60
of the container 12 is determined at least in part by the number of
carriages 70 and the capacity of each to house computing equipment
102. The carriage 70 includes a frame 220 to which computing
equipment 102, fans, cabling, rack mountable equipment,
accessories, and the like may be mounted or otherwise attached. The
frame 220 is configured to permit air to flow into the open base
portion 210, up through the carriage 70, through and around the
computing equipment 102 and other items therein, and out the open
top portion 212.
[0077] The frame 220 includes a plurality of spaced apart upright
support members 222A-H, defining one or more upright equipment
receiving areas 224A-C. The embodiment depicted has three equipment
receiving areas 224A-C, defined by four upright support members
222A-D arranged along the front portion 214 of the carriage 70 and
four upright support members 222E-H arranged along the back portion
216 of the carriage 70. Upright support member 222C may be
removable, as opposed to support members 222A-B and 222D-H which
are fixed in place. The removal of upright support member 222C and
the associated front to back extending members 236 may allow for
the installation of any configuration of computer equipment
spanning equipment receiving areas 224B and 224C without any
modification. By way of a non-limiting example, upright support
member 222C and the associated front to back extending members 236
may be removed to allow the installation of a custom designed
server chassis oriented longitudinally along side portion 14 and
16. Also, removing upright support member 222C and the associated
front to back extending members 236 may allow for the onsite
installation of customer equipment without any modification of the
carriage 70. Those of ordinary skill in the art appreciate that
carriages having a different number of upright equipment receiving
areas may be constructed by applying ordinary skill in the art to
the present teachings and such embodiments are within the scope of
the present teachings.
[0078] The upright support members 222A-H are coupled together at
the open top portion 212 of the carriage 70 by a vented top plate
226 having apertures 228A-F in communication with the equipment
receiving areas 224A-C through which heated air may exit the
equipment receiving areas 224A-C and be passed to the corresponding
first or second upper plenum 90A or 90B positioned thereabove.
Apertures 228A-B may be joined together to create one large
aperture. Similarly, apertures 228C-D and 228E-F may be joined
together. Joining the apertures together may be done to support
some HVAC devices. The upright support members 222A-H are coupled
together at the open base portion 210 along the front portion 214
of the carriage 70 by a front rail 230 and at the open base portion
210 along the back portion 216 of the carriage 70 by a back rail
232.
[0079] The four upright support members 222A-D aligned along the
front portion 214 of the carriage 70 may be coupled to the four
upright support members 222E-H aligned along the back portion 216
of the carriage 70 by any desired number of front-to-back extending
members 236. The members 236 may provide structural stability to
the carriage 70. Further, the members 236 may provide attachment
points to which computing equipment 102, fans, cabling, rack
mountable equipment, accessories, and the like may be coupled.
Further, the upright support members 222E-H along the back portion
216 may be coupled together by any number of members 238 extending
therebetween. The members 238 may provide stability and/or
attachment points to which computing equipment 102, fans, cabling,
rack mountable equipment, accessories, and the like may be coupled.
Optionally, apertures 239 in the members 238 are configured to
provide throughways for wiring, cabling, and the like.
[0080] The upright support members 222A-D along the front portion
214 of the carriage 70 may include openings 240A-F each configured
to receive computing equipment, such as a rectifier, network
switching device (e.g., routers), and the like. In the embodiment
illustrated in FIG. 6, two of the openings 240E and 240F each house
a rectifier 242 and four of the openings 240A-D each house a
network switching device 244. By way of an example, the rectifier
242 may be configured to rectify from about 480 V to about 48 V.
Referring to FIG. 7B, the power receptacle 132 coupled to the power
distribution panel 120A may be coupled to one of the rectifiers 242
and the power receptacle 132 coupled to the other power
distribution panel 120B may be coupled to the other of the
rectifiers 242. In this manner, each of the rectifiers 242 receives
power from a different power distribution panel 120A or 120B.
[0081] Turning to FIG. 9, optionally, the upright support members
222E-H along the back portion 216 of the carriage 70 may include
one or more openings 241 substantially similar to the openings
240A-F and aligned with one or more corresponding opening 240A-F of
the upright support members 222A-D.
[0082] One or more open-ended conduits 250A-F may extend between
the upright support members 222A-D along the front portion 214 and
the upright support members 222E-H along the back portion 216. Each
of these conduits 250A-F has an open front end portion 251 opposite
and open back end portion 253 (see FIG. 3). Each conduit 250A-F may
be configured to provide a throughway for cabling (not shown) from
the front portion 214 of the carriage 70 to the back portion 216 of
the carriage 70. By way of a non-limiting example, the cabling may
include Category 6 ("Cat-6") cable for Ethernet connections.
Turning to FIG. 6, one or more network connections 252A-F, such as
an Ethernet jack, may be located adjacent the front portion 214 of
the carriage 70 and coupled to a cables (not shown) extending
through the conduits 250A-F.
[0083] As illustrated in FIG. 6, the equipment receiving areas
224A-C may each be divided into four sections "S1-S4" (for a total
of 12 sections per carriage 70). Each section "S1-S4" may use
twenty-four Ethernet connections; however, this is not a
requirement. Alternatively, the equipment receiving areas 224A-C
may each be divided into five sections "S1-S5" (for a total of 15
sections per carriage 70), where section S5 (not shown) may be used
to implement a multiport networking device. By way of non-limiting
example, the networking device may contain twenty four Ethernet
ports or other suitable type of communication ports. By way of a
non-limiting example, each blade slot may have two Ethernet ports.
However, as is appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art,
each blade slot may include more than two Ethernet ports. For
example, more than one Ethernet port may be located in a front
portion of a blade server and more than one Ethernet port may be
located in a back portion of a blade server. The equipment
receiving areas 224A-C are not limited to use with blade servers
having a particular number of Ethernet ports. Further, the
equipment receiving areas 224A-C are not limited to use with blade
servers having Ethernet ports and may be used with blade servers
having other types of communication ports.
[0084] As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of air moving
assemblies 260 each having a plurality of air moving devices 264
(e.g., fans) oriented to blow air upwardly through the equipment
receiving areas 224A-C, are mounted therein between the upright
support members 222A-H of the carriage 70. Each of the air moving
assemblies 260 includes a frame 262 configured to be mounted inside
one of the equipment receiving areas 224A-C. The frame 262 houses
the plurality of air moving devices 264, each of which is oriented
to flow air in substantially the same upward direction. In the
embodiment depicted in FIGS. 5 and 6, the carriage 70 includes nine
air moving assemblies 260. However, this is not a requirement. The
number of air moving assemblies mounted inside each of the
equipment receiving areas 224A-C may be determined based at least
in part on the amount of air circulation required to cool the
computing equipment received therein. The air moving assemblies 260
each receive power from the power conductors 130 (see FIG. 7)
carrying power to the carriages 70 and powering the computing
equipment 102 housed therein.
[0085] Computing equipment, or the like, that is mounted in the
region between upright support members 222B and 222F, or 222C and
222G may not receive adequate air flow due to the front to back
extending members 236 blocking the path for air flow through the
region. When equipment is installed in these regions, one or more
air moving assemblies 260 may be installed transversely between the
upright support members 222 associated with the equipment to allow
for the heated air produced by the equipment to be moved
longitudinally into an upright equipment receiving area 224A-C
where it will mix with the air flow created by the vertical cooling
system.
[0086] The upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C may be
customized to receive a predetermined collection of computing
equipment (e.g., a predetermined number of blade servers). For
example, the upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C may be
configured to receive blade servers 103 in an upright orientation.
Alternatively, the upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C may be
configured to receive blade servers in a horizontal orientation.
Additionally, the upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C may be
configured to receive computing equipment in a longitudinal
orientation. When computing equipment is to be installed
longitudinally, it may be necessary to remove upright support
member 222C and the associated front to back extending members 236
to create the required spatial envelope for the computing equipment
to occupy.
[0087] In some embodiments, standard 19'' rack mount computer gear
(not shown) may be mounted inside the upright equipment receiving
areas 224A-C. The fans inside the rack mount computer gear will
draw air into the upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C from the
central aisle portion 72 of the interior portion 60 of the
container 12. This air will pass through the rack mount computer
gear, be heated thereby, and exit from the rack mount computer gear
adjacent to the back portion 216 of the carriage 70. The heated air
may exit the rack mount computer gear inside the carriage 70 or
between the back portion 216 of the carriage 70 and an adjacent one
of the first and second longitudinal side portions 14 and 16. In
such embodiments, the air moving assemblies 260 will direct the
heated air inside the carriage 70 upwardly toward the open top
portion 212 of the carriage 70. Further, the air moving assemblies
260 will help draw heated air outside the carriage 70 into the
upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C whereat the air moving
assemblies 260 will direct the heated air upwardly toward the open
top portion 212 of the carriage 70. The rack mount computer gear
may be mounted inside the upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C
in any orientation. For example, the rack mount computer gear may
be mounted inside the upright equipment receiving areas 224A-C in a
manner resembling blade servers. Furthermore, an alternate
embodiment of the carriage 70 may used, in which the rack mount
computer gear may be mounted to extend longitudinally inside the
container 12.
[0088] The rack mount computer gear may be mounted inside the
equipment receiving areas 224A-C using a slide-out rail system (not
shown). The use of a slide-out rail system may allow for any
manufacture's computer hardware to be adapted for use in the data
center 10. The slide-out rail system will allow for the computer
gear to be pulled out from the equipment receiving areas 224A-C to
a distance of, for example, 6 inches past the front portion 214 of
the carriages 70. This will allow for unrestricted service access
to all areas of that individual piece of computing equipment and
associated external connections. To support the use of a slide-out
rail system, an articulated cable management tray system (not
shown) may be used to manage and control the movement of the
various cables (e.g., data, power) associated with an individual
piece of computing equipment when the piece of computing equipment
is pulled out of and pushed into the equipment receiving areas
224A-C. One or more power strips may be attached to the slide-out
rail system to provide electrical power to the computing equipment
associated with the rail system. The power strip input is connected
to one of the plurality of power receptacles 132. By way of a
non-limiting example, the power strip may be supplied with 208VAC
single phase power. When a plurality of power strips are attached
to a rail system, at least one power strip is connected to a power
receptacle 132 receiving power from power distribution panel 120A,
and at least one power strip is connected to a power receptacle 132
receiving power from power distribution panel 120B. This allows for
the computing equipment to be supplied with power from redundant
sources.
[0089] The isolating couplers 86 may be coupled to the upright
support members 222A-H along the base portion 210 of the carriage
70. Alternatively, the isolating couplers 86 may be mounted to the
front rail 230, the back rail 232, and/or the front to back
extending members 236 located along the base portion 210 of the
carriage 70. As may best be viewed in FIG. 5, the isolating
couplers 86 may also couple one or more of the upright support
members 222F-G to one of the first and second longitudinal side
portions 14 and 16 of the container 12.
Vertical Cooling System
[0090] Referring to FIG. 5, as mentioned above, the vertical
cooling system 100A cools air flowing up through the carriages 70
arranged along the first longitudinal side portion 14 and the
vertical cooling system 100B cools air flowing up through the
carriages 70 arranged along the second longitudinal side portion
16. The vertical cooling system 100B is substantially identical to
the vertical cooling system 100A. Therefore, for illustrative
purposes, only the vertical cooling system 100B will be described
in detail.
[0091] Turning to FIG. 10, the vertical cooling system 100B
includes two fluid flows: a flow of refrigerant and a flow of
chilled or cooled water. Within the vertical cooling system 100B,
the flow of refrigerant is cooled by transferring its heat to the
flow of cooled water. The vertical cooling system 100B includes a
water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300 configured to transfer heat
from the flow of refrigerant to the flow of cooled water. The
water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300 may be implemented using any
heat exchanger known in the art. By way of a non-limiting example,
a suitable heat exchanger includes a Liebert XDP Water-Based
Coolant Pumping Unit, which may be purchased from Directnet, Inc.
doing business as 42U of Broomfield, Colo.
[0092] The flow of cooled water is received from an external supply
or source 310 of cooled water as a continuous flow of cooled water.
By way of a non-limiting example, the flow of cooled water received
may have a temperature of about 45 degrees Fahrenheit to about 55
degrees Fahrenheit. Optionally, the flow of cooled water may reside
in a closed loop 312 that returns the heated previously cooled
water to the external source 310 of cooled water to be cooled
again. The closed loop 312 and the water/refrigerant heat exchanger
300 are spaced apart from the carriages 70 and the refrigerant is
brought thereto. Thus, the closed loop 312 flow of cooled water and
the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300 are segregated from the
computing equipment 102 of the data center 10.
[0093] The flow of cooled water is transported to the container 12
by a first water line 318 and is transported away from the
container 12 by a second water line 320. The container 12 includes
a T-shaped inlet valve 330 that directs a portion of the flow of
cooled water received from the first water line 318 to each of the
vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B (see FIG. 5). The container
12 includes a T-shaped outlet valve 332 that directs the flow of
return water received from both of the vertical cooling systems
100A and 100B (see FIG. 5) to the second water line 320.
[0094] An inlet pipe 334 is coupled between one outlet port of the
inlet valve 330 and the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300 of the
vertical cooling system 100B. The inlet pipe 334 carries a portion
of the flow of cooled water to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger
300. A similar inlet pipe (not shown) is coupled between the other
outlet port of the inlet valve 330 and the water/refrigerant heat
exchanger 300 of the vertical cooling system 100A.
[0095] An outlet pipe 336 is coupled between the water/refrigerant
heat exchanger 300 of the vertical cooling system 100B and one
inlet port of the outlet valve 332. The outlet pipe 336 carries the
flow of return water from the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300
to the outlet valve 332. A similar outlet pipe (not shown) is
coupled between the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300 of the
vertical cooling system 100A and the other inlet port of the outlet
valve 332.
[0096] The flow of cooled water flowing within the inlet pipe 334
may cool the inlet pipe below the condensation temperature of
moisture in the air within the interior portion 60 of the container
12. Thus, water may condense on the inlet pipe 334 and drip
therefrom. Similarly, the flow of return water flowing within the
outlet pipe 336 may cool the outlet pipe below the condensation
temperature of moisture in the air within the interior portion 60
of the container 12 causing water to condense on the outlet pipe
and drip therefrom.
[0097] A basin or drip pan 340 may be positioned below the inlet
and outlet pipes 334 and 336. Any condensed water dripping from the
inlet and outlet pipes 334 and 336 may drip into the drip pan 340.
The drip pan 340 includes an outlet or drain 342 through which
condensed water exits the drip pan 340. The drain 342 may extend
through the floor portion 32 of the container 12 and may be in open
communication with the environment outside the container 12. As is
appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, external piping,
hoses, and the like may be coupled to the drain for the purposes of
directing the condensed water away from the container 12.
[0098] Together the inlet pipe 334 and drip pan 340 form a passive
dehumidification system 350 that limits the humidity inside the
container 12 without consuming any additional electrical power
beyond that consumed by the vertical cooling systems 100A and 100B
(see FIG. 5). In some implementations, the passive dehumidification
system 350 includes the outlet pipe 336. The amount of
dehumidification provided by the passive dehumidification system
350 may be determined at least in part by the surface area of the
components (e.g., the inlet pipe 334, the outlet pipe 336, the
water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300, the inlet valve 330, the
outlet valve 332, and the like) upon which water condenses.
[0099] Within the vertical cooling system 100B, the flow of
refrigerant flows through a closed loop 352. The closed loop 352
includes a refrigerant supply manifold 354 which is thermally
insulated and a refrigerant return manifold 356 which is thermally
insulated. The refrigerant supply manifold 354 carries cooled
refrigerant to a plurality of supply conduits 360 which are
thermally insulated, each coupled to one of a plurality of
refrigerant/air heat exchangers 370. In the embodiment illustrated,
two heat exchangers 370 are provided for each carriage 70. However,
this is not a requirement. A plurality of return conduits 372 which
are thermally insulated, each coupled to one of the plurality of
heat exchangers 370, carry heated refrigerant from the plurality of
heat exchangers 370 to the refrigerant return manifold 356. The
thermal insulation that is applied to the supply manifold, return
manifold, supply conduits, and return conduits will prevent any
condensation from dripping onto the servers located below the
manifolds and conduits. Because the embodiment illustrated includes
two heat exchangers 370 for each carriage 70, the plurality of
supply conduits 360 and the plurality of return conduits 372 each
include ten conduits. The refrigerant return manifold 356 carries
heated refrigerant received from the heat exchangers 370 back to
the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300 to be cooled again by the
flow of cooled water therein.
[0100] The refrigerant supply manifold 354, supply conduits 360,
the refrigerant return manifold 356, and return conduits 372 may
include one or more flow regulators or valves 358 configured to
control or restrict the flow of the refrigerant therethrough. In
the embodiment depicted in FIG. 10, the refrigerant supply manifold
354 includes one valve 358 before the first supply conduit 360
regulating the flow of refrigerant into the supply conduits 360. In
the embodiment depicted in FIG. 10, the supply conduits 360 each
include one valve 358 regulating the flow of refrigerant to each of
the heat exchangers 370. By selectively adjusting the flow of
refrigerant through the valves 358, the amount of cooling supplied
to each of the heat exchangers 370 may be adjusted.
[0101] The vertical cooling system 100B may include one or more
temperature sensors 376 coupled to refrigerant supply manifold 354,
supply conduits 360, the refrigerant return manifold 356, and/or
return conduits 372. Each of the temperature sensors 376 may be
used to monitor the temperature of the flow of refrigerant and
generate a temperature signal. As mentioned above, the vertical
cooling system 100B may include the cooling system controller 380,
which may be located inside cooling unit 300. The cooling system
controller may be coupled to the inlet valve 330 and the
temperature sensor(s) 376. In such embodiments, the cooling system
controller 380 is configured to increase or decrease a flow rate of
the cooled water through the first water line 318 and the inlet
valve 330 based upon the temperature signal(s) received from the
temperature sensor(s) 376 for the purpose of decreasing or
increasing the temperature of the flow of refrigerant within the
closed loop 352 of the vertical cooling system 100B. In this
manner, the temperature of the flow of refrigerant within the
closed loop 352 may be adjusted by modifying the flow rate of the
cooled water used to cool the flow of refrigerant.
[0102] If any of the refrigerant leaks from the vertical cooling
system 100B, it does so in a gas or vapor form. Thus, even if a
refrigerant leak occurs, it does not leak or drip onto the
computing equipment 102. The refrigerant supply manifold 354,
supply conduits 360, the refrigerant return manifold 356, and
return conduits 372 in which the refrigerant circulates have a
temperature above the condensation temperature of the moisture in
the air within the interior portion 60 of the container 12. Thus,
water does not condense on the refrigerant supply manifold 354,
supply conduits 360, the refrigerant return manifold 356, and
return conduits 372. As a result, the flow of refrigerant does not
expose the computing equipment 102 to dripping water (from
condensation).
[0103] Referring to FIG. 4, each of the heat exchangers 370 has a
coil assembly 373. The refrigerant flows from the supply conduits
360 into each of the heat exchangers 370 and circulates through its
coil assembly 373. The air above the carriages 70 is warm, having
been heated by the computing equipment 102. The heated air travels
upward through the heat exchangers 370 and is cooled by the
refrigerant. As may best be viewed in FIGS. 4 and 5, each of the
heat exchangers 370 is implemented as a radiator style evaporator
with its coil assembly 373 arranged at an angle relative to the
front portion 214 and the open top portion 212 of the carriages 70.
As is appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the coil
assembly 373 has one or more cooling surfaces (not shown) whereat
heat is exchanged between the air external to the coil assembly 373
and the refrigerant flowing inside the coil assembly 373. The coil
assembly 373 of the heat exchangers 370 may be angled to maximize
an amount of cooling surface for the space available for
positioning of the heat exchangers, thereby providing a maximum
amount of cooling capacity. For example, an inside angle "A"
defined between the front portion 214 of the carriages 70 and the
coil assembly 373 may range from about 144 degrees to about 158
degrees. Thus, an angle of about 144 degrees to about 158 degrees
may be defined between the coil assembly 373 and the open top
portions 212 of the carriages 70.
[0104] The cooling capacity of the heat exchanger 370 may also
depend at least in part on the amount of refrigerant flowing in its
coil assembly 373. As mentioned above, by adjusting the valves 358,
the amount of refrigerant flowing from each of the supply conduits
360 into each of the heat exchangers 370 may be adjusted. In this
manner, the cooling capacity of the vertical cooling system 100B
may be customized for each carriage 70, a portion of each carriage,
and the like. Further, the cooling capacity may be determined at
least in part based on the amount of heat expected to be produced
by the computing equipment 102 mounted within each of the
carriages, portions of the carriages, and the like. By way of a
non-limiting example, the flow of refrigerant from the supply
conduits 360 into the heat exchangers 370 may be customized for a
particular distribution of computing equipment 102 (e.g., blade
servers) within the container 12. Further, the valves 358 in the
refrigerant supply manifold 354 may be used to control the flow of
refrigerant to all of the heat exchangers 370 of the vertical cool
system 100B. Similarly, a valve (not shown) in the refrigerant
return manifold 356 may be used to restrict the flow of refrigerant
from all of the heat exchangers 370 of the vertical cool system
100B.
[0105] A plurality of bent ducts or conduits 390 may be coupled
between each of the heat exchangers 370 and at least a portion of
the open top portion 212 of an adjacent carriage 70 to direct
heated air rising from the carriage 70 into the heat exchanger 370.
In the embodiment illustrated, one bent conduit 390 is coupled
between a single heat exchanger 370 and a portion (e.g.,
approximately half) of the open top portion 212 of an adjacent
carriage 70. Each bent conduit 390 has a bent portion 392 and
defines a bent travel path for the heated air expelled from the
carriage 70 into the heat exchanger 370. By directing the heated
air rising from the carriage 70 along the roof portion 30 of the
container 12, the bent portions 392 help prevent the formation of a
back pressure in the upper plenums 90A and 90B along the roof
portion 30 that could push the heated air back into the open top
portions 212 of the carriages 70. In the embodiment depicted, the
bend conduit 390 includes an internal baffle 394 that bifurcates
the bent conduit 390 along the bent travel path.
[0106] A sealing member 396 is positioned between the back portions
216 of the carriages 70 and the first and second longitudinal side
portions 14 and 16. Similarly, a sealing member 397 is positioned
between the front portions 214 of the carriages 70 and the heat
exchangers 370. The sealing members 396 and 397 help seal the upper
plenums 90A and 90B from the remainder of the interior portion 60
of the container 12. The sealing members 396 and 397 may be
constructed from any suitable material known in the art including
foam.
[0107] The air cooled by the heat exchangers 370 is pushed
therefrom by the air moving assemblies 260 and flows downwardly
from the angled heat exchangers 370 toward the walkway 74 on the
floor portion 32 of the container 12. As discussed above, the
walkway 74 includes the perforated portion 76 that permits air to
flow therethrough and into the lower plenums 46. If the laterally
extending framing members 44 are implemented with a C-shaped
cross-sectional shape, air may flow laterally inside the open
inside portion 47 of the laterally extending framing members 44. In
other words, the open inside portion 47 of the C-shaped laterally
extending framing members 44 may be considered part of an adjacent
lower plenum 46.
[0108] Once inside one of the lower plenums 46, the air may flow
beneath the carriages 70. Because the laterally extending framing
members 44 extend from the beneath the walkway 74 to beneath the
carriages 70 arranged along both the first and second longitudinal
side portions 14 and 16, air is directed laterally by the laterally
extending framing members 44 from beneath the walkway 74 toward and
below the carriages 70. Once beneath the carriages 70, the air is
drawn upward by the air moving assemblies 260 of the carriages and
into the carriages 70, and through and around the computing
equipment 102. As the air is heated by the computing equipment 102,
the heated air rises up through the carriage 70, and into the bent
conduit 390, which directs the heated air into the heat exchangers
370 associated with the carriage to be cooled again.
[0109] As mentioned above, each of the carriages 70 includes air
moving devices 264 (see FIG. 5). An amount of power consumed by the
air moving devices 264 to adequately cool the computing equipment
102 may be determined at least in part by how well air flows from
the carriages 70 and into the heat exchangers 370. Thus, the shape
of the bent conduits 390 in the upper plenums 90A and 90B may
determine at least in part the amount of power consumed by the air
moving devices 264. Thus, the bent conduits 390 may be configured
to reduce or minimize the amount of power consumed by the air
moving devices 264.
[0110] If the container 12 is located in an environment in which
the air outside the container has a temperature suitable for
cooling the computing equipment 102 (see FIG. 6) mounted inside the
carriages 70, the container may include openings through which air
from the outside environment may flow into the container to cool
the computing equipment 102. The container may also include
openings through which air heated by the computing equipment 102
may exit the container into the outside environment. In such
embodiments, some of the air cooling components of the vertical
cooling systems 100A and 100B (see FIG. 5) may be omitted from the
data center 10.
[0111] FIG. 11 provides a data center 400 for use in an environment
having a temperature suitable for cooling the computing equipment
102 (see FIG. 6) mounted inside the carriages 70. For ease of
illustration, like reference numerals have been used to identify
like components of the data center 400 and the data center 10 (see
FIG. 5). The data center 400 includes a container 402,
substantially similar to the container 12 (see FIG. 5). For ease of
illustration, only aspects of the container 402 that differ from
those of container 12 will be described in detail.
[0112] The container 402 includes a first plurality of upper
openings 410A, a second plurality of upper openings 410B, a first
plurality of lower openings 412A, and a second plurality of lower
openings 412B. The first plurality of upper openings 410A and the
first plurality of lower openings 412A extend along the first
longitudinal side portion 14 of the container 402. The second
plurality of upper openings 410B and the second plurality of lower
openings 412B extend along the second longitudinal side portion 16
of the container 402. The first and second plurality of upper
openings 410A and 410B provide open communication between the upper
plenums 90A and 90B, respectively, and the environment outside the
container 402. The first and second plurality of lower openings
412A and 412B provide open communication between the lower plenums
46 and the environment outside the container 402.
[0113] Cool air is drawn into the lower plenums 46 by the air
moving assemblies 260 mounted inside the carriages 70 through the
first and second plurality of lower openings 412A and 412B. Air
heated by the computing equipment 102 (see FIG. 6) is pushed from
the upper plenums 90A and 90B by the air moving assemblies 260
through the first and second plurality of upper openings 410A and
410B, respectively. In this embodiment, the humidity of the air
inside the container 402 is controlled by controlling the humidity
of the air outside the container 402.
[0114] Optionally, the data center 400 includes louvers 420. In the
embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11, a single louver 420 is received
inside each of the first and second plurality of upper openings
410A and 410B and a single louver 420 is received inside each of
the first and second plurality of lower openings 412A and 412B.
However, this is not a requirement.
[0115] In alternate implementations discussed below, the louvers
420 may cover the first and second plurality of upper openings 410A
and 410B and the first and second plurality of lower openings 412A
and 412B. By way of a non-limiting example, a first louver may
cover a single one of the first plurality of upper openings 410A
and a second different louver may cover a single one of the second
plurality of upper openings 410B. Similarly, a third louver may
cover a single one of the first plurality of lower openings 412A
and a fourth louver may cover a single one of the second plurality
of lower openings 412B. By way of another non-limiting example, a
single louver may cover more than one of the first plurality of
upper openings 410A, more than one of the second plurality of upper
openings 410B, more than one of the first plurality of lower
openings 412A, or more than one of the second plurality of lower
openings 412B.
[0116] The louvers 420 may be selectively opened and closed to
selectively transition the data center 400 between an open system
state in which at least one of the louvers 420 is open and a closed
system state in which all of the louvers 420 are closed. Based on
the external environmental factors, the data center 400 may operate
in the open system state to exploit "free air" cooling when
appropriate and switch to the closed system state when necessary
(e.g., the temperature of the air in the outside environment is too
hot or too cold, the air in the outside environment is too humid,
the air in the outside environment includes too many contaminants,
and the like).
[0117] Optionally, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, the data
center 400 may omit the source 310 of cooled water, the chilled
water/refrigerant heat exchanger 300, the refrigerant supply
manifold 354, the refrigerant return manifold 356, the supply
conduits 360, the return conduits 372, the refrigerant/air heat
exchangers 370, the bent conduits 390, the T-shaped inlet valve
330, the T-shaped outlet valve 332, the first water line 318, the
second water line 320, the inlet pipe 334, and the outlet pipe 336.
In such embodiments, the data center 400 may remain in the open
system state during operation and transition to a closed system
state only when the computing equipment 102 (see FIG. 6) is powered
down.
[0118] In some implementations, the louvers 420 are configured such
that all of the louvers 420 are either open or closed at the same
time. For example, each of the louvers 420 may include a plurality
of blades 422 (illustrated in an open position) selectively
openable and closable by a control switch (not shown). When the
switch is placed in the closed position, all of the blades 422 of
the louvers 420 are closed and when the switch is in the open
position all of the blades 422 of the louvers 420 are open.
[0119] Optionally, the data center 400 includes one or more covers,
chimneys, or similar structures (not shown) configured to allow air
to flow from the first and second plurality of upper openings 410A
and 410B and at the same time, prevent precipitation (rain, snow,
etc) from entering the container 402 through the first and second
plurality of upper openings 410A and 410B.
[0120] Referring to FIG. 12, an alternate embodiment of the louvers
420 is provided. Louvers 430 are configured to be coupled to the
roof portion 30 of the container 402 adjacent the second plurality
of upper openings 410B and to extend outwardly away from the roof
portion 30 of the container 402. The louvers 430 are further
configured to be coupled to the roof portion 30 of the container
402 adjacent the first plurality of upper openings 410A (see FIG.
11) and to extend outwardly away from the roof portion 30 of the
container 402. The louvers 430 are also configured to be coupled to
the floor portion 32 of the container 402 adjacent one or more of
the second plurality of lower openings 412B and to extend outwardly
away from the floor portion 32 of the container 402. The louvers
430 are further configured to be coupled to the floor portion 32 of
the container 402 adjacent one or more of the first plurality of
lower openings 412A (see FIG. 11) and to extend outwardly away from
the floor portion 32 of the container 402.
[0121] Each of the louvers 430 include an assembly (not shown)
configured to selectively open to provide air flow between the
interior portion 60 of the container 402 and the outside
environment and to selectively close to cutoff air flow between the
interior portion 60 of the container 402 and the outside
environment. The louvers 430 may be configured to be opened and
closed at the same time using any method known in the art. Further,
each of the louvers 430 may include a filter (not shown) configured
to prevent contaminants and particulate matter (e.g., dust,
insects, and the like) from entering the interior portion 60 of the
container 402.
[0122] FIGS. 13 and 14 provide a data center 450 for use in an
environment having a temperature suitable for cooling the computing
equipment 102 (see FIG. 6) mounted inside the carriages 70. For
ease of illustration, like reference numerals have been used to
identify like components of the data center 450 and the data
centers 10 and 400. The data center 450 includes a container 452,
substantially similar to the container 12 (see FIG. 1). For ease of
illustration, only aspects of the container 452 that differ from
those of container 12 will be described in detail.
[0123] Like the data center 400 (see FIGS. 11 and 12), the data
center 450 includes the first and second plurality of upper
openings 410A and 410B. However, the data center 450 omits the
first and second plurality of lower openings 412A and 412B.
Instead, the data center 450 includes a first plurality of side
openings 456A and a second plurality of side openings 456B. The
first plurality of side openings 456A extends along the first
longitudinal side portion 14 of the container 452 and the second
plurality of side openings 456B extends along the second
longitudinal side portion 16 of the container 452.
[0124] The first and second plurality of side openings 456A and
456B provide open communication between the environment outside the
container 452 and the lower plenums 46 (see FIG. 11). Cool air is
drawn into lower plenums 46 by the air moving assemblies 260 (see
FIG. 11) through the first and second plurality of side openings
456A and 456B. Air heated by the computing equipment 102 (see FIG.
6) is pushed from the upper plenums 90A and 90B (see FIG. 11) by
the air moving assemblies 260 through the first and second
plurality of upper openings 410A and 412B. In this embodiment, the
humidity of the air inside the container 452 is controlled by
controlling the humidity of the air outside the container 452.
[0125] In FIG. 13, a louver 420 is received inside each of the
first and second plurality of upper openings 410A and 412B and the
first and second plurality of side openings 456A and 456B are
covered by louvers 560 substantially similar to the louvers 420. In
FIG. 14, the first and second plurality of upper openings 410A and
412B are illustrated without louvers and the first and second
plurality of side openings 456A and 456B are covered by louver
assemblies 562 that extend outwardly away from the container
452.
[0126] Instead of blades, the louver assemblies 562 include
openings or slots 564. Each of the louver assemblies 562 includes
an assembly (not shown) configured to selectively open to provide
air flow between the interior portion 60 of the container 452 and
the outside environment and to selectively close to cutoff air flow
between the interior portion 60 of the container 452 and the
outside environment. The louver assemblies 562 may be configured to
be opened and closed at the same time using any method known in the
art. Further, each of the louver assemblies 562 may include a
filter (not shown) configured to prevent particulate matter (e.g.,
dust, insects, and the like) from entering the interior portion 60
of the container 452.
[0127] The foregoing described embodiments depict different
components contained within, or connected with, different other
components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures
are merely exemplary, and that in fact many other architectures can
be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a
conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same
functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired
functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein
combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as
"associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is
achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components.
Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as
being "operably connected," or "operably coupled," to each other to
achieve the desired functionality.
[0128] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in
the art that, based upon the teachings herein, changes and
modifications may be made without departing from this invention and
its broader aspects and, therefore, the appended claims are to
encompass within their scope all such changes and modifications as
are within the true spirit and scope of this invention.
Furthermore, it is to be understood that the invention is solely
defined by the appended claims. It will be understood by those
within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially
in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are
generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including"
should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term
"having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term
"includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited
to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art
that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is
intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim,
and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present.
For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended
claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one"
and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use
of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the
introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a"
or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced
claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation,
even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or
more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an"
(e.g., "a" and/or "an" should typically be interpreted to mean "at
least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of
definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition,
even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is
explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that
such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least
the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations,"
without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations,
or two or more recitations).
[0129] Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the
appended claims.
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