U.S. patent application number 13/371602 was filed with the patent office on 2012-06-07 for methods and systems for media annotation, selection and display of additional information associated with a region of interest in video content.
This patent application is currently assigned to FlickIntel, LLC.. Invention is credited to Richard H. Krukar, Kermit D. Lopez, Luis M. Ortiz.
Application Number | 20120139839 13/371602 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 44187704 |
Filed Date | 2012-06-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120139839 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Krukar; Richard H. ; et
al. |
June 7, 2012 |
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR MEDIA ANNOTATION, SELECTION AND DISPLAY OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH A REGION OF INTEREST IN
VIDEO CONTENT
Abstract
Methods, systems, and processor-readable media for selecting a
region within a particular frame of video content to access
additional information about an area of interest associated with
the region within the particular frame, and displaying the
additional information, in response to selecting the region
associated with the particular frame of video content to access the
additional information about the area of interest associated with
the region within the particular frame. A selection packed can be
generated, which includes frame selection data associated with the
particular frame of video content. The frame selection data can
include data that is sufficient to identify the particular frame of
video content.
Inventors: |
Krukar; Richard H.;
(Albuquerque, NM) ; Ortiz; Luis M.; (Albuquerque,
NM) ; Lopez; Kermit D.; (Albuquerque, NM) |
Assignee: |
FlickIntel, LLC.
|
Family ID: |
44187704 |
Appl. No.: |
13/371602 |
Filed: |
February 13, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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12976148 |
Dec 22, 2010 |
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13371602 |
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61291837 |
Dec 31, 2009 |
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61419268 |
Dec 3, 2010 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
345/158 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G11B 27/34 20130101;
H04N 21/8586 20130101; H04N 9/8205 20130101; G11B 27/11 20130101;
H04N 21/4725 20130101; H04N 21/812 20130101; H04N 21/4316 20130101;
H04N 21/431 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
345/158 |
International
Class: |
G09G 5/08 20060101
G09G005/08 |
Claims
1. A method, comprising: selecting a region within a particular
frame of video content to access additional information about an
area of interest associated with said region within said particular
frame; and displaying said additional information, in response to
selecting said region associated with said particular frame of
video content to access said additional information about said area
of interest associated with said region within said particular
frame.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating a selection
packet that includes frame selection data associated with said
particular frame of video content.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said frame selection data
comprises data that is sufficient to identify said particular frame
of video content.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising detecting said
region.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising accessing said
additional information from an annotated content stream.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising initially storing said
additional information in an annotation database.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said region within said particular
frame of said video content comprises a coordinate.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein said region within said particular
frame of said video content comprises a plurality of
coordinates.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein said region within said particular
frame of said video content comprises data indicative of a
particular region.
10. A system, comprising: a processor; and a computer-usable medium
embodying computer code, said computer program code comprising
instructions executable by said processor and configured for:
selecting a region within a particular frame of video content to
access additional information about an area of interest associated
with said region within said particular frame; and displaying said
additional information, in response to selecting said region
associated with said particular frame of video content to access
said additional information about said area of interest associated
with said region within said particular frame.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein said instructions are further
configured for generating a selection packet that includes frame
selection data associated with said particular frame of video
content.
12. The system of claim 11 wherein said frame selection data
comprises data that is sufficient to identify said particular frame
of video content.
13. The system of claim 10 wherein said instructions are further
configured for detecting said region.
14. The system of claim 10 wherein said instructions are further
configured for accessing said additional information from an
annotated content stream.
15. The system of claim 10 wherein said instructions are further
configured for initially storing said additional information in an
annotation database.
16. A processor-readable medium storing code representing
instructions to cause a processor to perform a process, said code
comprising code to: select a region within a particular frame of
video content to access additional information about an area of
interest associated with said region within said particular frame;
and display said additional information, in response to selecting
said region associated with said particular frame of video content
to access said additional information about said area of interest
associated with said region within said particular frame.
17. The processor-readable medium of claim 16 wherein said code
further comprises code to generate a selection packet that includes
frame selection data associated with said particular frame of video
content.
18. The processor-readable medium of claim 17 wherein said frame
selection data comprises data that is sufficient to identify said
particular frame of video content.
19. The processor-readable medium of claim 16 wherein said code
further comprises code to detect said region.
20. The processor-readable medium of claim 16 wherein said code
further comprises code to: access said additional information from
an annotated content stream; and store said additional information
in an annotation database.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This patent application is a continuation of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 12/976,148, entitled "Flick Intel Annotation
Methods and Systems," which was filed on Dec. 22, 2010 and which is
incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 12/976,148 in turn claims the priority and
benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 61/291,837, entitled
"Systems and Methods for obtaining background data associated with
a movie, show, or live sporting event", filed on Dec. 31, 2009 and
of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/419,268, filed Dec.
3, 2010, entitled "Flick Intel Annotation Systems and Webcast
Infrastructure". This patent application therefore claims priority
to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/291,837 and U.S.
Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/419,268, which are
incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] Embodiments relate to video content, video displays, and
video compositing. Embodiments also relate to computer systems,
user input devices, databases, and computer networks.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] People have watched video content on televisions and other
audio-visual devices for decades. They have also used gaming
systems, personal computers, handheld devices, and other devices to
enjoy interactive content. They often have questions about places,
people, and things appearing as the video content are displayed,
and about the music they hear. Databases containing information
about the content such as the actors in a scene or the music being
played already exist and provide users with the ability to learn
more.
[0004] The existing database solutions provide information about
elements appearing in a movie or scene, but only in a very general
way. A person curious about a scene element can obtain information
about the scene and hope that the information mentions the scene
element in which the person is interested. Systems and methods that
provide people with the ability to select a specific scene element
and to obtain information about only that element are needed.
BRIEF SUMMARY
[0005] The following summary is provided to facilitate an
understanding of some of the innovative features unique to the
embodiments and is not intended to be a full description. A full
appreciation of the various aspects of the embodiments can be
gained by taking the entire specification, claims, drawings, and
abstract as a whole.
[0006] It is therefore an aspect of the embodiments that a media
device can provide video content to a display device and that a
person can view the video content as it is presented on the display
device. A series of scenes or a time varying series of frames along
with any audio dialog, music, or sound effects are examples of
video content.
[0007] It is another aspect of the embodiments that the person can
choose a region on the display device. A region can be chosen with
a pointing device or any other form of user input by which the
person can indicate a spot on the display device and select that
spot. Frame specification data can be generated when the person
chooses the region. The frame specification data can identify a
specific scene or frame within the video content.
[0008] It is yet another aspect of the embodiments to provide an
element identifier based on the region and the frame specification
data. Element identifiers are uniquely associated with scene
elements. The element identifier can be obtained by querying an
annotation database that relates element identifiers to regions and
frame specification data. Note that the element identifier in some
embodiments can be provided by a human worker who views the scene
or frame, looks to the region, and reports what appears at that
location.
[0009] A number of embodiments, preferred and alternative are
disclosed herein. For example, in an embodiment, a method can be
implemented, which includes selecting a region within a particular
frame of video content to access additional information about an
area of interest associated with the region within the particular
frame; and displaying the additional information, in response to
selecting the region associated with the particular frame of video
content to access the additional information about the area of
interest associated with the region within the particular frame. In
another embodiment, a step can be provided for generating a
selection packet that includes frame selection data associated with
the particular frame of video content. In yet another embodiment,
the frame selection data can include data that is sufficient to
identify the particular frame of video content.
[0010] In another embodiment, a step can be provided for detecting
the region. In another embodiment, a step can be implemented for
accessing the additional information from an annotated content
stream. In still another embodiment, a step can be provided for
storing the additional information in an annotation database. In
another embodiment, the region within the particular frame of the
video content can be a coordinate. In another embodiment, the
region within the particular frame of the video content can be a
plurality of coordinates. In still another embodiment, the region
within the particular frame of the video content can include data
indicative of a particular region.
[0011] In another embodiment, a system can be implemented, which
includes, for example, a computer-usable medium embodying computer
code. Such computer program code can include instructions
executable by the processor and configured for selecting a region
within a particular frame of video content to access additional
information about an area of interest associated with the region
within the particular frame; and displaying the additional
information, in response to selecting the region associated with
the particular frame of video content to access the additional
information about the area of interest associated with the region
within the particular frame.
[0012] In another embodiment, such instructions can be configured
for generating a selection packet that includes frame selection
data associated with the particular frame of video content. In
still another embodiment, the aforementioned frame selection data
can include data that is sufficient to identify the particular
frame of video content. In still other embodiments, such
instructions can be configured for detecting the region. In yet
other embodiments, such instructions can be configured for
accessing the additional information from an annotated content
stream. In still other embodiments, such instructions can be
further configured for storing (initially or at other times) the
additional information in an annotation database.
[0013] In yet another embodiment, a processor-readable medium
storing code representing instructions to cause a processor to
perform a process can be provided. Such code can comprise code to,
for example, select a region within a particular frame of video
content to access additional information about an area of interest
associated with the region within the particular frame; and display
the additional information, in response to selecting the region
associated with the particular frame of video content to access the
additional information about the area of interest associated with
the region within the particular frame. In still another
embodiment, such code can further comprise code to generate a
selection packet that includes frame selection data associated with
the particular frame of video content. In yet another embodiment,
the frame selection data can include data that is sufficient to
identify the particular frame of video content. In still another
embodiment, such code can include code to detect the region. In
still another embodiment, such code can comprise code to access the
additional information from an annotated content stream and store
the additional information in an annotation database.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] The accompanying figures, in which like reference numerals
refer to identical or functionally similar elements throughout the
separate views and which are incorporated in and form a part of the
specification, further illustrate aspects of the embodiments and,
together with the background, brief summary, and detailed
description serve to explain the principles of the embodiments.
[0015] FIG. 1 illustrates element data being presented on a second
display in response to the selection of a scene element on a first
display in accordance with aspects of certain embodiments;
[0016] FIG. 2 illustrates an annotation database providing element
identifiers in response to a person selecting scene elements in
accordance with aspects of the embodiments;
[0017] FIG. 3 illustrates an annotation service providing element
identifiers in response to a person selecting scene elements in
accordance with aspects of the embodiments; and
[0018] FIG. 4 illustrates an annotated content stream passing to a
media device such that the media device produces element data in
accordance with aspects of certain embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The particular values and configurations discussed in these
non-limiting examples can be varied and are cited merely to
illustrate at least one embodiment and are not intended to limit
the scope thereof. In general, the figures are not to scale.
[0020] The embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which illustrative
embodiments of the invention are shown. The embodiments disclosed
herein can be embodied in many different forms and should not be
construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather,
these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be
thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the
invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like
elements throughout. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any
and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed
items.
[0021] Video content is a time varying presentation of scenes or
video frames. Each frame can contain a number of scene elements
such as actors, foreground items, background items, or other items.
A person enjoying video content can select a scene element by
specifying a screen region (e.g., a coordinate, group of
coordinates, particular area, etc.) while the video content plays.
Frame specification data identifies the specific frame or scene
being displayed when the region is selected. The region in
combination with the frame specification data is sufficient to
identify the scene element that the person has chosen. Information
about the scene element can then be presented to the person. An
annotation database can associate scene elements with frame
specification data and regions.
[0022] FIG. 1 illustrates element data being presented on a second
display 119 in response to the selection of a scene element on a
display 101 in accordance with aspects of certain embodiments. A
media device 104 passes video content to the display 101 to be
viewed by a person. The person can manipulate a selection device
112 to choose a region or coordinate(s) 102 (e.g., data indicative
of a region, a coordinate, groups of coordinates, etc.) on a
display device 101. The data indicative of the region or
coordinate(s) 102 can then be passed to a media device 104. In some
embodiments the selection device can detect the region or
coordinate(s) 102. For example, the selection device 112 can detect
the locations of emitters 106 and infer the screen position being
pointed at from those emitter locations. In other embodiments the
display 101 can detect the region or coordinate(s) 103. For
example, the selection device can emit a light beam that the
display device detects. Other common coordinate selection means
include mice, trackballs, and touch sensors. More advanced pointing
means can observe the person's body or eyeballs to thereby
determine a coordinate. Clicking a button or some other action can
generate an event indicting that a scene element is chosen.
[0023] The media device 104 can generate a selection packet 107
that includes frame selection data and the region or coordinate(s)
102. The frame selection data is data that is sufficient to
identify a specific frame or scene. For example, the frame
selection data can be a media tag 108 and a timestamp 109. The
media tag 108 can identify a particular movie, show, sporting
event, advertisement, video clip, scene or other unit of video
content. A timestamp 109 specifies a time within the video content.
In combination, a media tag and timestamp can specify a particular
frame from amongst all the frames of video content that have ever
been produced.
[0024] The frame selection packet 107 can be formed into a query
for an annotation database 111. The annotation database 111 can
contain associations of element identifiers associated with frame
selection data and regions (e.g., data indicative of a particular
region or groups of regions, a coordinate, groups of coordinates,
etc.). As such, the annotation database 111 can produce an element
identifier 113 in response to the query. The element identifier 113
can identify a person 114, an item 115, music 116, a place 117, or
something else.
[0025] The element identifier 113 can then be passed to another
server 118 that responds by producing element data for presentation
to the person. Examples of element data include, but are not
limited to: statistics on a person such as an athlete; a picture of
a person, object or place; an offer for purchase of an item,
service, or song; and links to other media in which a person, item,
or place appears.
[0026] FIG. 2 illustrates an annotation database 111 providing
element identifiers 211 in response to a person selecting scene
elements in accordance with aspects of the embodiments. An
annotation service/module 202 can produce annotated content 203 by
annotating content 201. An annotation module is a device,
algorithm, program, or other means that automatically annotates
content. Image recognition algorithms can locate items within
scenes and frames and thereby automatically provide annotation
data. An annotation service is a service provider that annotates
content. An annotation service provider can employ both human
workers and annotation modules.
[0027] Annotation is a process wherein scene elements, each having
an element identifier, are associated with media tags and space
time ranges. A space time range identifies a range of times and
positions at which a scene element appears. For example, a car can
sit unmoving during an entire scene. The element identifier can
specify the make, model, color, and trim level of the car, the
media tag can identify a movie containing the scene, and the space
time range can specify the time range of the movie scene and the
location of the car within the scene.
[0028] The content 201 can be passed to a media device 104 that
produces a media stream 207 for presentation on a display device
206. A person 205 watching the display device 206 can use a
selection device 112 to select a region on the display device 206.
A selection packet 107 containing the coordinate and some frame
specification data can then be passed to the annotation database
111 which responds by identifying the scene element 211. An
additional data server 118 can produce element data 212 for that
identified scene element 211. The element data 212 can then be
presented to the person.
[0029] FIG. 3 illustrates an annotation service providing element
identifiers in response to a person selecting scene elements in
accordance with aspects of the embodiments. The embodiment of FIG.
3 differs from that of FIG. 2 in that the content 201 is not
necessarily annotated before being viewed by the person 205. The
selection packet 107 is passed to the annotation service 301 where
a human worker 302 or annotation module 303 determines what scene
element the person 205 selected and creates a new annotation entry
for incorporation into the annotation database 111.
[0030] FIG. 4 illustrates an annotated content stream 401 passing
to a media device 104 such that the media device 104 produces
element data 407 in accordance with aspects of certain embodiments.
Annotated content, such as annotated content 203 of FIG. 2, can be
passed as an annotated content stream 401 to the media device 104.
The annotated content stream 401 can include a content stream 402,
element stream 403, and element data 406. The media device 104 can
then pass the content for presentation on the display 206 and store
the element data 406 and the data in the element stream 403. The
data in the element stream 403 can be formed into an annotation
database with the possible exception that no media tag is needed.
No media tag is needed because all the annotations refer only to
the content stream 402. As such, the element stream 403 is
illustrated as containing only space time ranges 404 and element
identifiers 405.
[0031] The media device 104, having assembled an annotation
database and having stored element data 406, can produce element
data 407 for a scene element selected by a person 205 without
querying remote databases or accessing remote resources.
[0032] Note that in practice, the content stream 402, element
stream 403, and element data 406 can be transferred separately or
in combination as streaming data. Means for transferring content,
annotations, and element data include TV signals and storage
devices such as DVD disks or data disks. Furthermore, the element
data 406 can be passed to the media device 104 or can be stored and
accessed on a remote server.
[0033] It will be appreciated that variations of the
above-disclosed and other features and functions, or alternatives
thereof, may be desirably combined into many other different
systems or applications. Also, that various presently unforeseen or
unanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations or
improvements therein may be subsequently made by those skilled in
the art which are also intended to be encompassed by the following
claims.
[0034] The particular values and configurations discussed in these
non-limiting examples can be varied and are cited merely to
illustrate at least one embodiment and are not intended to limit
the scope thereof.
[0035] The embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which illustrative
embodiments of the invention are shown. The embodiments disclosed
herein can be embodied in many different forms and should not be
construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather,
these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be
thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the
invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like
elements throughout. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any
and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed
items.
[0036] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing
particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of
the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and
"the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood
that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this
specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers,
steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude
the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers,
steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and
scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly
understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this
invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such
as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be
interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their
meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be
interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly
so defined herein.
[0038] As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the
present invention can be embodied as a method, data processing
system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present
invention may take the form of an entire hardware embodiment, an
entire software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and
hardware aspects all generally referred to herein as a "circuit" or
"module." Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a
computer program product on a computer-usable storage medium having
computer-usable program code embodied in the medium. Any suitable
computer readable medium may be utilized including hard disks, USB
Flash Drives, DVDs, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, magnetic
storage devices, etc.
[0039] Computer program code for carrying out operations of the
present invention may be written in an object oriented programming
language (e.g., Java, C++, etc.). The computer program code,
however, for carrying out operations of the present invention may
also be written in conventional procedural programming languages
such as the "C" programming language, in a visually oriented
programming environment such as, for example, VisualBasic, or in
functional programming languages such as LISP or Erlang.
[0040] The program code may execute entirely on the user's
computer, partly on the users computer, as a stand-alone software
package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote
computer or entirely on the remote computer. In the latter
scenario, the remote computer may be connected to a user's computer
through a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN),
wireless data network e.g., WiFi, Wimax, 802.xx, and cellular
network or the connection may be made to an external computer via
most third party supported networks (for example, through the
Internet using an Internet Service Provider).
[0041] The invention is described in part above with reference to
flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, systems,
computer program products, and data structures according to
embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block
of the illustrations, and combinations of blocks, can be
implemented by computer program instructions. These computer
program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general
purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable
data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that the
instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or
other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for
implementing the functions/acts specified in the block or
blocks.
[0042] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a
computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other
programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular
manner such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable
memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction
means which implement the function/act specified in the block or
blocks.
[0043] Note that computer program instructions and other
process-readable media discussed herein may also be loaded onto a
computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a
series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or
other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented
process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or
other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the
functions/acts specified in the block or blocks.
[0044] Based on the foregoing, it can be appreciated that a number
of embodiments, preferred and alternative, are disclosed herein.
For example, in one embodiment, a method can be implemented, which
includes selecting a region within a particular frame of video
content to access additional information about an area of interest
associated with the region within the particular frame; and
displaying the additional information, in response to selecting the
region associated with the particular frame of video content to
access the additional information about the area of interest
associated with the region within the particular frame. In another
embodiment, a step can be provided for generating a selection
packet that includes frame selection data associated with the
particular frame of video content. In yet another embodiment, the
frame selection data can include data that is sufficient to
identify the particular frame of video content.
[0045] In another embodiment, a step can be provided for detecting
the region. In another embodiment, a step can be implemented for
accessing the additional information from an annotated content
stream. In still another embodiment, a step can be provided for
storing the additional information in an annotation database. In
another embodiment, the region within the particular frame of the
video content can be a coordinate. In another embodiment, the
region within the particular frame of the video content can be a
plurality of coordinates. In still another embodiment, the region
within the particular frame of the video content can include data
indicative of a particular region.
[0046] In another embodiment, a system can be implemented, which
includes, for example, a computer-usable medium embodying computer
code. Such computer program code can include instructions
executable by the processor and configured for selecting a region
within a particular frame of video content to access additional
information about an area of interest associated with the region
within the particular frame; and displaying the additional
information, in response to selecting the region associated with
the particular frame of video content to access the additional
information about the area of interest associated with the region
within the particular frame.
[0047] In another embodiment, such instructions can be configured
for generating a selection packet that includes frame selection
data associated with the particular frame of video content. In
still another embodiment, the aforementioned frame selection data
can include data that is sufficient to identify the particular
frame of video content. In still other embodiments, such
instructions can be configured for detecting the region. In yet
other embodiments, such instructions can be configured for
accessing the additional information from an annotated content
stream. In still other embodiments, such instructions can be
further configured for storing (initially or at other times) the
additional information in an annotation database.
[0048] In yet another embodiment, a processor-readable medium
storing code representing instructions to cause a processor to
perform a process can be provided. Such code can comprise code to,
for example, select a region within a particular frame of video
content to access additional information about an area of interest
associated with the region within the particular frame; and display
the additional information, in response to selecting the region
associated with the particular frame of video content to access the
additional information about the area of interest associated with
the region within the particular frame. In still another
embodiment, such code can further comprise code to generate a
selection packet that includes frame selection data associated with
the particular frame of video content. In yet another embodiment,
the frame selection data can include data that is sufficient to
identify the particular frame of video content. In still another
embodiment, such code can include code to detect the region. In
still another embodiment, such code can comprise code to access the
additional information from an annotated content stream and store
the additional information in an annotation database.
[0049] It will be appreciated that variations of the
above-disclosed and other features and functions, or alternatives
thereof, may be desirably combined into many other different
systems or applications. Also, that various presently unforeseen or
unanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations or
improvements therein may be subsequently made by those skilled in
the art which are also intended to be encompassed by the following
claims.
* * * * *