U.S. patent application number 13/381251 was filed with the patent office on 2012-05-17 for biodegradable produce enclosure.
Invention is credited to Ellery West, Gail West.
Application Number | 20120118901 13/381251 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42827325 |
Filed Date | 2012-05-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120118901 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
West; Ellery ; et
al. |
May 17, 2012 |
Biodegradable Produce Enclosure
Abstract
A mesh basket (100) is described that includes a rigid lattice
structure (102) having a fibrous side and bottom. The structure has
a plurality of lattice elements (110) that can collectively define
a plurality of visually non-occluded lattice holes (112), such that
a consumer can view the contents of the basket. Preferably, the
apparent collective area of the holes is at least 40% of the
apparent collective area of the lattice structure (102). The basket
(100) can also have a film layer (120) covering at least a portion
of the basket to thereby regulate moisture within the basket
(100).
Inventors: |
West; Ellery; (Crescent
City, CA) ; West; Gail; (Crescent City, CA) |
Family ID: |
42827325 |
Appl. No.: |
13/381251 |
Filed: |
June 29, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
June 29, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US10/40390 |
371 Date: |
February 1, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61221188 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/676 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D 1/38 20130101; B65D
85/34 20130101; B65D 65/466 20130101; Y02W 90/10 20150501; Y02W
90/13 20150501; B65D 25/14 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
220/676 |
International
Class: |
B65D 1/38 20060101
B65D001/38 |
Claims
1. A mesh basket, comprising: a rigid lattice structure having a
fibrous side and bottom, the structure comprising a plurality of
lattice elements that collectively define a plurality of visually
non-occluded lattice holes; and wherein the apparent collective
area of the holes is at least 40% of the apparent collective area
of the lattice structure.
2. The basket of claim 1, further comprising a film layer covering
at least 100 cm.sup.2 of the apparent collective area of the
lattice holes.
3. The basket of claim 2, wherein the film layer covers the bottom
of the lattice structure.
4. The basket of claim 2, wherein the film layer is essentially
transparent.
5. The basket of claim 2, wherein the film layer is
biodegradable.
6. The basket of claim 1, further comprising a fibrous top
removably coupled to the lattice structure.
7. The basket of claim 1, wherein the lattice structure comprises a
pulp-molded body.
8. The basket of claim 1, wherein the lattice structure comprises a
paperboard.
9. The basket of claim 1, wherein at least one of the lattice holes
has an area of at least 4 cm.sup.2.
10. The basket of claim 1, further comprising a window having a
surface area of at least 9 cm.sup.2.
11. The basket of claim 1, wherein the lattice structure is
configured to withstand a force of 10 pounds without
deformation.
12. The basket of claim 1, wherein the apparent collective area of
the holes is at least 50% of the apparent collective area of the
lattice structure.
Description
[0001] The application claims priority to U.S. provisional patent
application with Ser. No. 61/221188 filed on Jun. 29, 2009. This
and all other extrinsic materials discussed herein are incorporated
by reference in their entirety. Where a definition or use of a term
in an incorporated reference is inconsistent or contrary to the
definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that
term provided herein applies and the definition of that term in the
reference does not apply.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The field of the invention is produce enclosures.
BACKGROUND
[0003] The modern world currently produces massive amounts of
waste. Much of the waste comes from plastic and/or metal, which
decomposes at a very slow rate. These materials must be recycled,
dumped into the oceans or waterways, or deposited into landfills
where they will remain for centuries.
[0004] In order to reduce the waste in our ever-filling landfills,
it is advantageous to create containers that are biodegradable
and/or compostable. However, produce is being increasingly packaged
using plastic "clamshell" packaging to solve distribution and
retail issues, such as to provide a complete view of the contents
to allow consumers to view the contents at the point of sale. Such
clamshell packaging is problematic for perishable items such as
produce that require a certain range of moisture, as the packaging
fails to provide precise control of internal moisture, which often
accelerates spoilage of the contents.
[0005] Clamshell packaging (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,845,878 to Hayes)
can also be problematic in that consumers increasingly see plastic
as ecologically irresponsible and often unwilling to purchase
contents in such packaging.
[0006] While plastic baskets are also used such as those used for
various types of berries, such packaging is generally not
biodegradable and increases the waste in the landfills.
[0007] It is known to have paper produce containers, and exemplary
containers are discussed in U.S. Patent Appl. No. 2008/0302808 to
Maxwell, Japanese Patent No. 6156469 filed on Nov. 26, 1992, U.S.
Pat. No. 4982872 to Avery; and WIPO Patent Appl. No. 2008/076075 to
Lim, et al. Although biodegradable for the most part, the paper
containers known to Applicant suffer from similar disadvantages as
the plastic clamshell packaging.
[0008] Thus, there is still a need for a biodegradable container
that allow consumers to view the container's contents from multiple
sides at the point of sale, while also precisely controlling the
container's internal moisture.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The inventive subject matter provides apparatus, systems and
methods in which an enclosure for housing produce or other
perishable items comprises a mesh basket having a rigid lattice
structure that includes at least a side and a bottom. As used
herein, the term "produce" means fruit, vegetables, and other
agricultural goods. Other items (e.g., non-edible items) are also
contemplated.
[0010] The structure includes a plurality of lattice elements that
collectively define a plurality of visually non-occluded lattice
holes. As used herein, the term "lattice" includes both regular and
irregular patterns. As used herein, the term "non-occluded" means
at least 70% of visible light passes through the lattice hole at
normal room intensity, and therefore includes slightly opaque, or
at least as much light as passes through a non-tinted glass window.
For example, the lattice could have a structure comprising
squiggle-shaped lattice elements or a structure having a higher
density of lattice elements in one area compared with the
surrounding area. Alternatively, the lattice could have a regular
structure including, for example, a pattern of diamond-shaped or
square-shaped lattice elements.
[0011] In preferred embodiments, the apparent collective area of
the lattice holes is at least 40%, more preferably, at least 50%,
and most preferably, at least 60% of the apparent collective area
of the lattice structure. As used herein, the "apparent surface
area" of the basket is the outside surface area of the basket's
sides, walls, and optional top. Thus, for example, even if the
basket had a concave bottom, the entire concave outer surface of
the bottom would be included in the basket's apparent surface area.
However, the side wall of each lattice hole, as compared to the
outside surface of the lattice elements, is not included in the
basket's apparent surface area. In addition, the apparent surface
area would not include an open top, such as if the basket lacked a
lid or other closure.
[0012] Unless the context dictates the contrary, all ranges set
forth herein should be interpreted as being inclusive of their
endpoints and open-ended ranges should be interpreted to include
only commercially practical values. Similarly, all lists of values
should be considered as inclusive of intermediate values unless the
context indicates the contrary.
[0013] Optionally, the basket can have one or more film layers that
preferably cover at least 100 cm.sup.2 of the apparent collective
area of the lattice holes. Preferably, the film layers are
essentially transparent, although translucent film is also
contemplated.
[0014] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the
inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the
following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with
the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent
like components.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0015] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a
basket.
[0016] FIGS. 2-4 are top views of alternative embodiments of a
basket.
[0017] FIG. 5 is a side view of another embodiment of a basket
having a top.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In FIG. 1, a mesh basket 100 is shown for housing produce.
The basket 100 can include a rigid lattice structure 102 forming at
least a side 104 and a bottom 106, however, it is contemplated that
the side wall 104 can have a different lattice structure than the
bottom 106. Optionally, the structure 102 can also comprise a top
(not shown).
[0019] Preferred baskets 100 have a structure 102 sufficiently
rigid to protect the internal contents of the basket 100 from being
crushed, and include a closed bottom 106, an open top 108, and a
fibrous side wall 104. It is desirable for the basket 100 to
withstand a weight of up to 50 lbs without significant deformation.
Preferably, the basket can withstand at least 5 lbs, at least 10
lbs, at least 15 lbs, at least 20 lbs, and more preferably at least
30 lbs of force without significant deformation. As used herein,
"fibrous side wall" means a wall comprising a fibrous material as a
significant structural constituent. The fibrous wall contemplated
herein preferably has at least 2, 5, 10, 20 or even 30 dry weight
percent of fibers. Preferably, the fibrous wall has at least 80 or
90 dry weight percent of fibers.
[0020] As used herein "fibrous material" means materials
characterized by a plurality of discrete fibers. The filaments can
be plant or animal derived, synthetic, or some combination of
these. In "plant-derived fibrous materials" the filaments are at
least predominantly of plant origin, examples of which include
wood, papyrus, rice, ficus, mulberry, fibers, cotton, yucca, sisal,
bowstring hemp and New Zealand flax. Paper is generally a fibrous
material that is usually made by pressing and de-watering moist
fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood rags, or
grasses.
[0021] The basket 100 is advantageously composed of one or more
biodegradable materials including, for example, die cut paper,
chipboard that has been glued, molded fiber, and other fibrous
materials. As used herein, a "biodegradable material" means a
material that will break down to at least 90% H.sub.2O, CO.sub.2,
and biomass within a period of six months from the action of
naturally occurring micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae
etc. under favorable conditions. For example, meat, plants, wood,
cotton, animal protein, and paper are all deemed herein to be
biodegradable.
[0022] The basket 100 has a rectangular cross-section, but it is
contemplated that the basket could have a circular, elliptical, or
any other commercially suitable horizontal cross-section.
[0023] The lattice structure 102 preferably includes a plurality of
lattice elements 110 that compose the structure 102. Each of the
lattice elements 110 define at least a portion of a lattice hole
112, and collectively define a plurality of lattice holes 112.
Preferred lattice holes 112 are visually non-occlusive. The
non-occluded lattice holes advantageously allow the contents of the
baskets to be viewed from the top and the bottom without requiring
removal of the contents from the basket and without requiring
opening of the container when a lid is present.
[0024] In preferred embodiments, the apparent collective area of
the lattice holes is at least 20%, more preferably at least 40%,
and most preferably at least 50%, of the apparent collective area
of the lattice structure.
[0025] As shown in FIG. 1, the lattice elements define a regular
pattern comprising a plurality of lattice holes having a
rectangular shape. However, it is contemplated that the lattice
elements could define other regular patterns including, for
example, diamond-shaped holes, circular or ovular holes, or other
sized and dimensioned holes, as well as irregular patterns
including, for example, those shown in FIGS. 3-4.
[0026] It is contemplated that the lattices structure could vary in
number, size and dimension depending on the basket's use and the
desired strength and rigidity of the basket. Thus, for example, a
basket for strawberries might have lattice holes with smaller
dimensions than a basket for apples. In addition, the lattice holes
can be of any commercially-suitable size and shape including, for
example, circles, squares, and rectangles.
[0027] As shown in FIG. 1, the basket 100 can include a film layer
120 that covers at least a portion, and preferably, at least 100
cm.sup.2 of the apparent collective area of the lattice holes, and
more preferably, at least the top portion of the basket 100. The
film layer 120 is preferably transparent, or at least translucent,
such that a consumer can view the contents of the basket 100
through the film layer 120. This is beneficial as the film layer(s)
helps prevent insects and other pests from reaching the contents
while maintaining a desired level of moisture within the basket
100. The film layer 120 is preferably attached to the basket 100
using an adhesive, although any commercially suitable fastener
could be used.
[0028] The film layer 120 preferably comprises a water permeability
sufficient to resist water for the expected useful life of the
basket 100, and preferably at least 14 days, and more preferably up
to 28 days. Further, the film layer 120 may have perforations or
holes to allow sufficient air flow to ensure maximal freshness of
the intended contents of the basket 100.
[0029] Although film layer 120 could be used to cover the open
spaces of the basket 100, the basket 100 could alternatively have
additional film layers such that the open spaces of the basket 100
are covered by the film layers. For example, a first film layer
could be used to cover a bottom 106 and side 104 of the basket 100.
Then once the contents are placed in the basket 100, a second film
layer can be provided to enclose the contents within the basket
100. Such additional film layer can be fastened to the basket by an
adhesive or other commercially suitable fastener(s). Alternatively
or additionally, a rubber band could be used to retain the film
layer(s) 120. In this instance, and where other upper limits are
not expressly stated, the reader should infer a reasonable upper
limit. In this instance, for example, a commercially reasonable
upper limit is about ten.
[0030] Preferred film layer(s) are composed of one or more
biodegradable materials such that the layer(s) provide for a semi
permeable, and at least partially transparent, moisture barrier.
This advantageously allows for precise moisture control of the
basket's contents. The film layers will depend on the contents of
the basket and the external environment to which the basket is
subjected. Preferred films include those manufactured by, for
example, Maverick.TM., Bloomer Plastics.TM., Natural Flexible.TM.,
Evlon.RTM., and EarthFirst.RTM. PLA.
[0031] At least a portion of the inner surfaces of the basket 100
can advantageously include a permeation barrier material to reduce
the transfer rate of the surfaces and thereby retain the rigidity
of the basket. As used herein, a statement that a surface "includes
a permeation barrier material" means that the surface is treated
with an additive that has a transfer rate of less than or equal to
50 .mu.l of water and/or sunflower oil per cm2 per six-month period
of time at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure
(STP).
[0032] Preferred permeation barriers comprise vegetable or
petroleum wax, vulcanized latex, plant resins, and cellophane.
Other suitable permeation barrier materials include those disclosed
in U.S. Pat. No. 7,344,784 to Hodson or US20050130261 to Wils.
[0033] FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of a mesh basket 200
having a rigid lattice structure 202 forming at least four sides
204 and a bottom 206. With respect to the remaining numerals in
FIG. 2, the same considerations for like components with like
numerals of FIG. 1 apply.
[0034] In FIG. 3, an alternative embodiment of a mesh basket 300 is
shown having an irregular lattice structure 302. With respect to
the remaining numerals in FIG. 3, the same considerations for like
components with like numerals of FIG. 1 apply.
[0035] FIG. 4 illustrates yet another embodiment of a mesh basket
400 having an irregular lattice structure 402 composed of strings
410, which form a plurality of lattice holes 412. With respect to
the remaining numerals in FIG. 4, the same considerations for like
components with like numerals of FIG. 1 apply.
[0036] FIG. 5 illustrates yet another embodiment of a mesh basket
500 having a top 530 with a second lattice structure 532 having a
plurality of lattice holes 534. Although the lattice structure 502
of the mesh basket 500 is the same as the lattice structure 532 of
the top 530, it is also contemplated that the lattice structures
502 and 532 could be different. The top can have a clamshell
configuration or other commercially suitable configurations. With
respect to the remaining numerals in FIG. 5, the same
considerations for like components with like numerals of FIG. 1
apply.
[0037] It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many
more modifications besides those already described are possible
without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive
subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the
spirit of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the
specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in
the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In
particular, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" should be
interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a
non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements,
components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with
other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly
referenced. Where the specification claims refers to at least one
of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C . . .
and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element
from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc.
* * * * *