U.S. patent application number 13/275563 was filed with the patent office on 2012-05-10 for surgical instrument with modular end effector and detection feature.
Invention is credited to Kevin L. Houser, Gavin M. Monson.
Application Number | 20120116266 13/275563 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 69721100 |
Filed Date | 2012-05-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120116266 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Houser; Kevin L. ; et
al. |
May 10, 2012 |
SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH MODULAR END EFFECTOR AND DETECTION
FEATURE
Abstract
An apparatus comprises a handle assembly, a first transmission
assembly, and a second transmission assembly. The first
transmission assembly is in selective communication with the handle
assembly and is operable to deliver energy to a surgical site. The
second transmission assembly is in selective communication with the
handle assembly and is operable to deliver energy to a surgical
site. The first transmission assembly and the second transmission
assembly are operable in different modalities, such as ultrasonic
and RF electrosurgical modalities, using the same handle
assembly.
Inventors: |
Houser; Kevin L.;
(Springboro, OH) ; Monson; Gavin M.; (Oxford,
OH) |
Family ID: |
69721100 |
Appl. No.: |
13/275563 |
Filed: |
October 18, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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61410603 |
Nov 5, 2010 |
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61487846 |
May 19, 2011 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
601/2 ; 606/1;
606/33 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 17/064 20130101;
A61B 2017/294 20130101; A61B 2018/00607 20130101; A61B 2090/0803
20160201; H01M 10/46 20130101; H02J 7/0047 20130101; Y10T 29/49005
20150115; H02J 7/0044 20130101; A61B 2017/00482 20130101; Y10T
29/49895 20150115; A61B 2017/320094 20170801; A61B 2017/320095
20170801; A61B 2018/1412 20130101; G16H 40/63 20180101; A61B
2017/293 20130101; A61B 2017/0046 20130101; A61B 2017/00473
20130101; A61B 2018/00601 20130101; A61B 2018/1226 20130101; A61B
17/320092 20130101; A61B 18/1445 20130101; G16H 20/40 20180101;
A61B 2017/00084 20130101; A61B 18/1442 20130101; A61B 46/10
20160201; A61B 2017/00734 20130101; H01M 10/48 20130101; A61B
17/285 20130101; A61B 2017/2931 20130101; A61B 2018/0019 20130101;
A61B 17/00234 20130101; A61B 2018/00994 20130101; H01M 50/20
20210101; A61B 2017/2929 20130101; A61B 2018/1455 20130101; A61N
7/00 20130101; Y10T 29/53913 20150115; A61B 2017/00017 20130101;
A61B 2017/0084 20130101; A61B 18/14 20130101; A61B 90/98 20160201;
H01M 50/531 20210101; A61B 18/00 20130101; H01M 2220/30 20130101;
A61B 2017/320069 20170801; Y02E 60/10 20130101; A61B 18/1233
20130101; A61B 90/08 20160201; A61B 2017/2933 20130101; A61B
2018/0063 20130101; A61B 34/25 20160201; A61B 2017/291 20130101;
A61B 2018/00178 20130101; A61B 2090/0814 20160201; A61B 2017/00477
20130101; A61B 2018/00595 20130101; H02J 7/025 20130101; A61B
17/2812 20130101; H02J 7/0045 20130101; H02J 7/0048 20200101; A61B
2018/00791 20130101; A61B 17/320068 20130101; A61B 2018/00988
20130101; A61B 18/1206 20130101; A61B 90/90 20160201; A61B
2018/00172 20130101; A61B 18/12 20130101; A61B 90/40 20160201; A61B
2017/320071 20170801; A61B 2090/0813 20160201; A61B 18/04 20130101;
A61B 2017/00398 20130101; A61B 2018/00589 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
601/2 ; 606/33;
606/1 |
International
Class: |
A61N 7/00 20060101
A61N007/00; A61B 18/18 20060101 A61B018/18 |
Claims
1. An apparatus comprising: (a) a handle assembly; (b) a first
transmission assembly in selective communication with the handle
assembly, wherein the first transmission assembly is operable to
deliver energy to a surgical site; and (c) a second transmission
assembly in selective communication with the handle assembly,
wherein the second transmission assembly is operable to deliver
energy to a surgical site, wherein the first transmission assembly
and the second transmission assembly are configured to operate in
different modalities.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first transmission
assembly is configured to deliver ultrasonic energy, wherein the
second transmission assembly is configured to deliver RF
energy.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first transmission
assembly comprises an identification device.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the identification device
comprises at least one interrupted contact.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the handle assembly comprises
a controller board operable to communicate with the first
transmission assembly.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the handle assembly is
configured to receive bipolar and monopolar RF transmission
assemblies.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first transmission
assembly comprises a memory module.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the memory module is
configured to receive updatable firmware.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the memory module is
configured to transmit instructions to the handle assembly.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third
transmission assembly in selective communication with the handle
assembly, wherein the third transmission assembly is configured to
deliver a plurality of staples to a surgical site.
11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the handle assembly comprises
a generator having a programmable chip operable to store
instructions regarding operating the handle assembly with different
modalities.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the handle assembly comprises
an opening operable to receive an electrode of a monopolar
transmission assembly.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an amplifier in
communication with the handle assembly.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a reconstruction
filter in communication with the amplifier.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the reconstruction filter is
operable to provide pulse width modulation.
16. An apparatus comprising: (a) a handle assembly comprising a
generator, a power source, and a connector port; and (b) at least
one transmission assembly, wherein the at least one transmission
assembly is in selective communication with the handle assembly,
wherein the at least one transmission assembly is configured to
operate in at least one modality, wherein the handle assembly is
configured to operate with the least one transmission assembly
regardless of the modality of the at least one transmission
assembly.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one
transmission assembly is configured to deliver RF energy.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one
transmission assembly is configured to deliver ultrasonic
energy.
19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one
transmission assembly is in selective communication with the
generator, wherein the generator is configured to automatically
disconnect from the at least one transmission assembly if the
handle assembly detects that the at least one transmission assembly
comprises a monopolar transmission assembly.
20. An apparatus comprising: (a) a handle configured for use with
one or more transmission assemblies; (b) a generator contained
within the handle, wherein the generator is configured to deliver
power to the one or more transmission assemblies; and (c) an
identification device in communication with the handle, wherein the
identification device is configured to determine the modality of
the one or more transmission assemblies.
Description
PRIORITY
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 61/410,603, filed Nov. 5, 2010, entitled
"Energy-Based Surgical Instruments," the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein. This application also claims
priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/487,846, filed
May 19, 2011, entitled "Energy-Based Surgical Instruments," the
disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In some settings, endoscopic surgical instruments may be
preferred over traditional open surgical devices since a smaller
incision may reduce the post-operative recovery time and
complications. Consequently, some endoscopic surgical instruments
may be suitable for placement of a distal end effector at a desired
surgical site through a cannula of a trocar. These distal end
effectors may engage tissue in a number of ways to achieve a
diagnostic or therapeutic effect (e.g., endocutter, grasper,
cutter, stapler, clip applier, access device, drug/gene therapy
delivery device, and energy delivery device using ultrasound, RF,
laser, etc.). Endoscopic surgical instruments may include a shaft
between the end effector and a handle portion, which is manipulated
by the clinician. Such a shaft may enable insertion to a desired
depth and rotation about the longitudinal axis of the shaft,
thereby facilitating positioning of the end effector within the
patient.
[0003] Examples of endoscopic surgical instruments include those
disclosed in U.S. Pat. Pub. No. 2006/0079874, entitled "Tissue Pad
Use with an Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument," published Apr. 13,
2006, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein;
U.S. Pat. Pub. No. 2007/0191713, entitled "Ultrasonic Device for
Cutting and Coagulating," published Aug. 16, 2007, the disclosure
of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat. Pub. No.
2007/0282333, entitled "Ultrasonic Waveguide and Blade," published
Dec. 6, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference
herein; U.S. Pat. Pub. No. 2008/0200940, entitled "Ultrasonic
Device for Cutting and Coagulating," published Aug. 21, 2008, the
disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat.
Pub. No. 2011/0015660, entitled "Rotating Transducer Mount for
Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments," published Jan. 20, 2011, the
disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat.
No. 6,500,176, entitled "Electrosurgical Systems and Techniques for
Sealing Tissue," issued Dec. 31, 2002, the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein; and U.S. Pat. Pub. No.
2011/0087218, entitled "Surgical Instrument Comprising First and
Second Drive Systems Actuatable by a Common Trigger Mechanism,"
published Apr. 14, 2011, the disclosure of which is incorporated by
reference herein. Additionally, such surgical tools may include a
cordless transducer such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. Pub. No.
2009/0143797, entitled "Cordless Hand-held Ultrasonic Cautery
Cutting Device," published Jun. 4, 2009, the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein. In addition, the surgical
instruments may be used, or adapted for use, in robotic-assisted
surgery settings such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,783,524,
entitled "Robotic Surgical Tool with Ultrasound Cauterizing and
Cutting Instrument," issued Aug. 31, 2004, the disclosure of which
is incorporated by reference herein.
[0004] While several systems and methods have been made and used
for surgical instruments, it is believed that no one prior to the
inventors has made or used the invention described in the appended
claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] While the specification concludes with claims which
particularly point out and distinctly claim the invention, it is
believed the present invention will be better understood from the
following description of certain examples taken in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals
identify the same elements and in which:
[0006] FIG. 1 depicts a schematic view of an exemplary medical
device having an internal power source;
[0007] FIG. 2 depicts a perspective view of an exemplary medical
device having an internal power source;
[0008] FIG. 3 depicts a partial perspective view of an exemplary
transmission assembly;
[0009] FIG. 4 depicts a partial perspective view of an exemplary
transmission assembly for delivering ultrasonic energy;
[0010] FIG. 5 depicts a partial perspective view of an exemplary
transmission assembly for delivering RF energy;
[0011] FIG. 6 depicts a partial perspective view of an exemplary
transmission assembly for delivering staples;
[0012] FIG. 7 depicts a side cross sectional view of an exemplary
handle assembly;
[0013] FIG. 8 depicts a side perspective, partially cross sectional
view of a handle assembly and two transmission assemblies;
[0014] FIG. 9 depicts a side cross sectional view of a handle
assembly for use with bipolar and monopolar RF transmission
assemblies;
[0015] FIG. 10 depicts a side cross sectional view of a partial
handle assembly with a transmission assembly with a identification
device;
[0016] FIG. 11 depicts a schematic view of an exemplary amplifier;
and
[0017] FIG. 12 depicts a schematic view of an exemplary
reconstruction filter.
[0018] The drawings are not intended to be limiting in any way, and
it is contemplated that various embodiments of the invention may be
carried out in a variety of other ways, including those not
necessarily depicted in the drawings. The accompanying drawings
incorporated in and forming a part of the specification illustrate
several aspects of the present invention, and together with the
description serve to explain the principles of the invention; it
being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to
the precise arrangements shown.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following description of certain examples of the
invention should not be used to limit the scope of the present
invention. Other examples, features, aspects, embodiments, and
advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled
in the art from the following description, which is by way of
illustration, one of the best modes contemplated for carrying out
the invention. As will be realized, the invention is capable of
other different and obvious aspects, all without departing from the
invention. For example, while various. Accordingly, the drawings
and descriptions should be regarded as illustrative in nature and
not restrictive.
[0020] It will be appreciated that the terms "proximal" and
"distal" are used herein with reference to a clinician gripping a
handpiece assembly. Thus, an end effector is distal with respect to
the more proximal handpiece assembly. It will be further
appreciated that, for convenience and clarity, spatial terms such
as "top" and "bottom" also are used herein with respect to the
clinician gripping the handpiece assembly. However, surgical
instruments are used in many orientations and positions, and these
terms are not intended to be limiting and absolute.
[0021] I. Medical Devices for Use With Insertable or Reclaimable
Components
[0022] FIG. 1 shows components of an exemplary medical device (10)
in diagrammatic block form. As shown, medical device (10) comprises
a control module (12), a power source (14), and an end effector
(16). Merely exemplary power sources (14) may include NiMH
batteries, Li-ion batteries (e.g., prismatic cell type lithium ion
batteries, etc.), Ni-Cad batteries, or any other type of power
source as may be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in
light of the teachings herein. Control module (12) may comprise a
microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC),
memory, a printed circuit board (PCB), a storage device (such as a
solid state drive or hard disk), firmware, software, or any other
suitable control module components as will be apparent to one of
ordinary skill in the art in light of the teachings herein. Control
module (12) and power source (14) are coupled by an electrical
connection (22), such as a cable and/or traces in a circuit board,
etc., to transfer power from power source (14) to control module
(12). Alternatively, power source (14) may be selectively coupled
to control module (12). This allows power source (14) to be
detached and removed from medical device (10), which may further
allow power source (14) to be readily recharged or reclaimed for
resterilization and reuse, such as in accordance with the various
teachings herein. In addition or in the alternative, control module
(12) may be removed for servicing, testing, replacement, or any
other purpose as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the
art in view of the teachings herein.
[0023] End effector (16) is coupled to control module (12) by
another electrical connection (22). End effector (16) is configured
to perform a desired function of medical device (10). By way of
example only, such function may include cauterizing tissue,
ablating tissue, severing tissue, ultrasonically vibrating,
stapling tissue, or any other desired task for medical device (10).
End effector (16) may thus include an active feature such as an
ultrasonic blade, a pair of clamping jaws, a sharp knife, a staple
driving assembly, a monopolar RF electrode, a pair of bipolar RF
electrodes, a thermal heating element, and/or various other
components. End effector (16) may also be removable from medical
device (10) for servicing, testing, replacement, or any other
purpose as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in
view of the teachings herein. In some versions, end effector (16)
is modular such that medical device (10) may be used with different
kinds of end effectors (e.g., as taught in U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 61/410,603, etc.). Various other
configurations of end effector (16) may be provided for a variety
of different functions depending upon the purpose of medical device
(10) as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in
view of the teachings herein. Similarly, other types of components
of a medical device (10) that may receive power from power source
(14) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view
of the teachings herein.
[0024] Medical device (10) of the present example includes a
trigger (18) and a sensor (20), though it should be understood that
such components are merely optional. Trigger (18) is coupled to
control module (12) and power source (14) by electrical connection
(22). Trigger (18) may be configured to selectively provide power
from power source (14) to end effector (16) (and/or to some other
component of medical device (10)) to activate medical device (10)
when performing a procedure. Sensor (20) is also coupled to control
module (12) by an electrical connection (22) and may be configured
to provide a variety of information to control module (12) during a
procedure. By way of example only, such configurations may include
sensing a temperature at end effector (16) or determining the
oscillation rate of end effector (16). Data from sensor (20) may be
processed by control module (12) to effect the delivery of power to
end effector (16) (e.g., in a feedback loop, etc.). Various other
configurations of sensor (20) may be provided depending upon the
purpose of medical device (10) as will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. Of
course, as with other components described herein, medical device
(10) may have more than one sensor (20), or sensor (20) may simply
be omitted if desired.
[0025] FIG. 2 depicts a merely exemplary form that medical device
(10) may take. In particular, FIG. 2 shows a medical device (100)
comprising a power source (110), a control module (120), a housing
(130), end effector (140), and an electrical connection (150). In
the present example, power source (110) is located internally
within housing (130) of medical device (100). Alternatively, power
source (110) may only partially extend into housing (130) and may
be selectively attachable to a portion of housing (130). In yet a
further exemplary configuration, a portion of housing (130) may
extend into power source (110) and power source (110) may be
selectively attachable to the portion of housing (130). Power
source (110) may also be configured to detach from medical device
(100) and decouple from control module (120) or electrical
connection (150). As a result, power source (110) may be completely
separated from medical device (100) in some versions. As is readily
apparent, this may allow the power source (110) to be removed to be
recharged or reclaimed for resterilization and reuse, such as in
accordance with various teachings herein. After recharging, or
after an initial charge, power source (110) may be inserted or
reinserted into medical device (100) and secured to housing (130)
or internally within housing (130). Of course, medical device (100)
may also allow power source (110) to be charged and/or recharged
while power source (110) is still in or otherwise coupled relative
to housing (130).
[0026] It should also be understood that control module (120) may
be removed for servicing, testing, replacement, or any other
purpose as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in
view of the teachings herein. Further, end effector (140) may also
be removable from medical device (100) for servicing, testing,
replacement, or any other purpose as will be apparent to one of
ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. While
certain configurations of an exemplary medical device (100) have
been described, various other ways in which medical device (100)
may be configured will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in
the art in view of the teachings herein.
[0027] By way of example only, medical devices (10, 100) and/or any
other medical device referred to herein may be constructed in
accordance with at least some of the teachings of U.S. Pat. No.
6,500,176; U.S. Pat. No. 6,783,524; U.S. Pat. No. 7,112,201; U.S.
Pat. No. 7,125,409; U.S. Pat. No. 7,169,146; U.S. Pat. No.
7,186,253; U.S. Pat. No. 7,189,233; U.S. Pat. No. 7,220,951; U.S.
Pat. No. 7,309,849; U.S. Pat. No. 7,311,709; U.S. Pat. No.
7,354,440; U.S. Pat. No. 7,381,209; U.S. Pat. No. 7,416,101; U.S.
Pat. No. 7,738,971; U.S. Pub. No. 2006/0079874; U.S. Pub. No.
2007/0191713; U.S. Pub. No. 2007/0282333; U.S. Pub. No.
2008/0200940; U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0143797; U.S. Pub. No.
2009/0209990; U.S. Pub. No. 2010/0069940; U.S. Pub. No.
2011/0015660; U.S. Pat. Pub. No. 2011/0087218; U.S. Pat. App. No.
13/151,181; and/or U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No.
61/410,603. The disclosures of each of those documents are
incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
[0028] It is further understood that any one or more of the
teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. described
herein may be combined with any one or more of the other teachings,
expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. that are described herein.
The following-described teachings, expressions, embodiments,
examples, etc. should therefore not be viewed in isolation relative
to each other. Various suitable ways in which the teachings herein
may be combined will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill
in the art in view of the teachings herein. Such modifications and
variations are intended to be included within the scope of the
claims.
[0029] II. Exemplary Surgical Instrument with Multiple Transmission
Assemblies
[0030] As noted above, transmission assembly (70, 200) may be
provided as a disposable or otherwise replaceable assembly, thereby
allowing surgical instrument (50) to be used many times by
replacing transmission assembly (70, 200) between uses. In addition
or in the alternative, it may be simply desirable to keep
transmission assembly (70, 200) separate from surgical instrument
(50) when surgical instrument (50) is not in use such that surgical
instrument (50) and transmission assembly (70) may be stored
separately. Furthermore, a user may wish to select from different
transmission assemblies (70, 200) having different features,
configurations, and/or operabilities depending on the particular
context. For example, one transmission assembly (70, 200) may be
equipped with a motorized stapler whereas another transmission
assembly (70, 200) may be equipped with an RF end effector. In
fact, several different transmission assemblies (70, 200) having
vastly different functions may be used. It will be appreciated that
it may be desirable to have a single handle assembly (60) capable
of handling various different transmission assemblies (70, 200)
such that multiple different handle assemblies (60) do not have to
be used.
[0031] For example, FIGS. 3-6 show four different transmission
assemblies (300, 400, 500, 600) for use with a handle assembly
(700) as shown in FIG. 7. For example, a user may wish to use
transmission assembly (300) with handle assembly (700) in one
procedure, or for one part of a procedure. The user may then wish
to use a different transmission assembly (400) with handle assembly
(700). As will be described in further detail below, the user will
be able to use both transmission assembly (300) and transmission
assembly (400) with handle assembly (700) without requiring the
user to change anything significant regarding handle assembly
(700). In fact, handle assembly (700) may then also be used with
any of transmission assemblies (500, 600) as will be apparent to
one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.
While the present example shows four different transmission
assemblies (300, 400, 500, 600) it will be appreciated that any
suitable number of transmission assemblies may be used as would be
apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the
teachings herein. It will further be appreciated that handle
assembly (700) may function as a platform for the development of
future transmission assemblies such that transmission assemblies
may be developed with the understanding that they will be
compatible with a common handle assembly (700).
[0032] As shown in FIG. 7, handle assembly (700) of the present
example comprises a body (712), which houses a connector port
(702). Connector port (702) is in communication with generator
(704). Generator (704) may be integrated with a battery, or as
shown in the exemplary version, generator (704) may be in
electrical communication with battery (710). Battery (710) is
operable to power generator (704). Handle assembly (700) further
comprises toggle buttons (769) and trigger (768). Handle assembly
(700) may have other exemplary configurations as would be apparent
to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings
herein.
[0033] FIG. 3 shows one merely exemplary transmission assembly
(300) for use with handle assembly (700). Transmission assembly
(300) comprises an ultrasonic transducer (302) connected to
rotation knob (366). Rotation knob (366) connects to outer sheath
(372) housing a waveguide operable to transfer ultrasonic
vibrations through transmission assembly (300) to an end effector
(not shown) located at a distal end of transmission assembly (300).
Transducer (302) is operable to couple with connector port (702) in
any suitable way as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in
the art in view of the teachings herein. For example, transducer
(302) may be structured so as to screw into connector port (702).
In other exemplary versions, transducer (302) may be operable to
snap into connector port (702). In yet other merely exemplary
versions, transducer (302) may be connected to connector port (702)
and secured using latches to secure transducer (302). Once
transmission assembly (300) is connected to handle assembly (700),
it will be appreciated that actuation of toggle buttons (769)
and/or trigger (768) is operable to activate generator (704).
Generator (704) communicates power to connector port (702), which
communicates power to transducer (302) as a result of being in
communication with transducer (302). Transducer (302) then converts
the power into ultrasonic energy, which may then be delivered to a
surgical site via the end effector at the distal end of
transmission assembly (300). Furthermore, it will be appreciated
that toggle buttons (769) and/or trigger (768) may be operable to
control the end effector at the distal end of transmission assembly
(300). Other suitable configurations may be used as would be
apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the
teachings herein.
[0034] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary version of a transmission assembly
(400) for use with handle assembly (700). Transmission assembly
(400) comprises an ultrasonic transducer (402) connected to
rotation knob (466). Rotation knob (466) connects to outer sheath
(472) housing a waveguide operable to transfer ultrasonic
vibrations through transmission assembly (400) to an end effector.
Transducer (402) in the present example is contained within a
contoured housing (404). It will be appreciated that contoured
housing (404) may have a shape complementary to connector port
(702). The present example shows contoured housing (404) having an
elongated, rounded shape. However, any suitable shape may be used
as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of
the teachings herein. It will be appreciated that given the
elongated, rounded shape of housing (404) of the present example, a
user may easily grip housing (404) prior to coupling housing (404)
with connector port (702). It will further be appreciated that
housing (404) may be constructed of an electrically conductive
material such that when transducer (402) is coupled with connector
port (702), generator (704) may be operable to deliver energy to
transducer (402) through housing (404). It will be appreciated that
transmission assembly (400) may otherwise be configured and
operable similar to transmission assembly (300) as described
above.
[0035] FIG. 5 shows yet another exemplary version of a transmission
assembly (500) for use with handle assembly (700). Transmission
assembly (500) comprises an RF module (502) connected to rotation
knob (566). Rotation knob (566) connects to outer sheath (572)
housing a wire or other conduit operable to conduct RF power
through transmission assembly (500). In the exemplary version,
module (502) is connected to a connector rod (504) operable to
engage connector port (702), which thereby electrically couples
module (502) to generator (704). Therefore, generator (704) may
deliver energy to module (502). Module (502) then is operable to
convert electrical energy to RF frequencies that may be delivered
to a surgical site via an end effector at a distal end of
transmission assembly (500). Connector rod (504) has a shape
complementary to connector port (702). While the exemplary version
depicts module (502) and connector rod (504) as separate components
connected to each other, it will be appreciated that module (502)
and connector rod (504) may be constructed as a single integrated
component. In some versions, module (502) may comprise a positive
contact whereas connector rod (504) may comprise a negative contact
or vice versa. Other suitable configurations will be apparent to
one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings
herein.
[0036] FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary version of a transmission
assembly (600) for use with handle assembly (700). Transmission
assembly (600) of the exemplary version is operable to apply one or
more surgical staples to a surgical site. Transmission assembly
(600) comprises a motor (602) in communication with generator (704)
such that generator (704) is operable to power motor (602) once
transmission assembly (600) is connected to connector port (702).
Once powered, motor (602) may be used in communication with an end
effector configured to apply staples to a surgical site where motor
(602) is operable to help drive such staples. For example,
transmission assembly (600) may be used in accordance with the
teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 7,416,101, entitled "Motor-driven
Surgical Cutting and Fastening Instrument with Loading Force
Feedback," issued Aug. 26, 2008, the disclosed of which is
incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0037] As can be seen in the above exemplary versions, transmission
assemblies (300, 400, 500, 600) are operable to work in different
modalities where each of transmission assemblies (300, 400, 500,
600) may require different instructions for proper operation.
Generator (704) may be integrated with a programmable chip such
that generator (704) may store information regarding the operation
of transmission assemblies (300, 400, 500, 600). Each transmission
assembly (300, 400, 500, 600) may comprise, for example, an
identifier such that when transmission assembly (300, 400, 500,
600) and connector port (702) establish communication, generator
(704) may be able to determine the type of transmission assembly
(300, 400, 500, 600) attached. Thereafter, generator (704) can use
instructions stored in the programmable chip to properly operate
transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600) according to the
specific modality of transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600)
attached.
[0038] In yet other exemplary versions, connector port (702) may be
operable to detect the identity of transmission assembly (300, 400,
500, 600) attached without transmission assembly (300, 400, 500,
600) having to directly identify itself to connector port (702).
For example, connector port (704) may be configured to detect the
impedance, number of connection contacts, etc., or any other
suitable feature to determine which transmission assembly (300,
400, 500, 600) is connected to connector port (702).
[0039] It will be understood that in some exemplary versions,
generator (704) and other components of handle assembly (700) do
not necessarily need to contain any sort of processor or computing
component. Such components may, in some versions, reside entirely
in transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600). As a result, it will
be appreciated that updated firmware may be stored and shipped with
transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600), thereby allowing
transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600) to have the latest
version of any software for use with handle assembly (700). In some
versions, generator (704) simply provides power to transmission
assembly (300, 400, 500, 600) and/or merely follows instructions
from transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600).
[0040] In some exemplary versions, it will be appreciated that the
only connections between connectors may consist of electrical
connections for providing power to an end effector of transmission
assembly (300, 400, 500, 600) as well as a force transfer mechanism
operable to engage and control any mechanically moving parts of
transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600). It will be appreciated
that such a configuration will allow for a simpler construction of
transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600), which may be shipped
separately from handle assembly (700). In yet other exemplary
versions, it will be appreciated that any suitable portion of the
electronics may be controlled from transmission assembly (300, 400,
500, 600) wherein another suitable portion of the electronics may
be controlled from handle assembly (700). As a result, the number
of electronic components may be divided between handle assembly
(700) and transmission assembly (300, 400, 500, 600) in any
suitable manner as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in
the art in view of the teachings herein.
[0041] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary handle assembly (800) with two
transmission assemblies (900, 1000), which are operable to be in
communication with handle assembly (800). Transmission assembly
(900) is operable as an RF transmission assembly and comprises an
end effector (910). End effector (910) comprises a memory module
(920). Memory module (920) may comprise an integrated memory chip,
a removeable memory chip, or any other suitable memory device as
would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of
the teachings herein. RF transmission assembly (900) is operable to
be connected to connector port (802) of handle assembly (800),
which also comprises processor (804) and power source (810). Memory
module (920) comprises a set of instructions for operation of
handle assembly (800) in the RF modality. Once connected to
connector port (802), memory module (920) transmits these
instructions to processor (804) regarding the operation of handle
assembly (800). In other words, memory module (920) programs
processor (804), and processor (804) thereafter executes the
program through RF transmission assembly (900). After delivering
instructions to handle assembly (800), handle assembly (800)
becomes operable to operate in the appropriate modality of RF
transmission assembly (900). In the exemplary version, RF
transmission assembly (900) is operable to deliver RF energy to a
surgical site. It will be appreciated that memory module (920) may
be upgraded with firmware separately from handle assembly
(800).
[0042] Also depicted is an ultrasonic transmission assembly (1010),
which is operable to deliver ultrasonic signal to a surgical site.
Ultrasonic transmission assembly (1010) comprises a memory module
(1020) and end effector (1010). Memory module (1020) contains
instructions for operating transmission assembly (1010). Thus, as
with RF transmission assembly (900) as discussed above, it will be
appreciated that once ultrasonic transmission assembly (1000) is
connected to connector port (802), memory module (1020) transfers
instructions to processor (804) of handle assembly (800) operable
to operate ultrasonic transmission assembly (1000) in the
ultrasonic modality. As a result, it will be appreciated that a
single handle assembly (800) may be operable for use with both
ultrasonic transmission assembly (1000) and RF transmission
assembly (900).
[0043] FIG. 9 shows an exemplary handle assembly (1100) operable
for use with bipolar and monopolar RF electrosurgical end effectors
(80). Handle assembly (1100) comprises a monopolar opening (1102)
operable to receive a positive electrode (1104) long enough to
extend through handle assembly (1100). In some versions, positive
electrode (1104) may be selectively covered with a cap or other
suitable device (e.g., during operation in a bipolar RF mode,
etc.). Handle assembly (1100) is operable to receive a transmission
assembly (1108). Transmission assembly (1108) comprises a negative
contact (1110) operable to contact with a negative post (1112)
contained in handle assembly (1100). Positive electrode (1104) is
operable to contact an external module (1106) where external module
(1106) comprises either a grounding pad or a generator output,
which might include an RF generator. In the event that external
module (1106) comprises a generator output, it will be appreciated
that connecting positive electrode (1104) to the generator output
is operable to disconnect positive electrode (1104) from other
electronic components contained within handle assembly (1100). For
example, a generator (1114) contained within handle assembly (1100)
may be in selective communication with transmission assembly (1108)
and be operable to detect if transmission assembly (1108) comprises
a monopolar transmission assembly (1108). If so, then generator
(1114) may simply no longer deliver power to transmission assembly
(1108). In the scenario where generator (1114) detects that
transmission assembly (1108) comprises a bipolar transmission
assembly (1108), generator (1114) may then be operable to deliver
power to transmission assembly (1108) for use. In the event that
external module (1106) comprises a grounding pad, grounding pad may
be placed in contact with a patient. As a result, in a bipolar
setting, a secondary wire/contact of transmission assembly (1108)
in communication with negative contact (1110) is in communication
with negative post (1112). In a monopolar setting, transmission
assembly (1108) is not in communication with negative post (1112)
such that a grounding pad serves as the only ground return in
communication with positive electrode (1104).
[0044] In some versions, external module (1106) may comprise an
electrosurgical generator operable to supply power in the monopolar
setting such that the grounding pad would be in communication with
the electrosurgical generator. Furthermore in a monopolar setting,
the disconnection of transmission assembly (1108) with negative
post (1112) may occur mechanically and/or electrically. For
example, in a mechanical disconnection, connecting a monopolar
electrode may push transmission assembly (1108) slightly forward,
causing negative post (1112) to disengage from negative contact
(1110). In an electrical disconnection, the polarity of
transmission assembly (1108) may be detected using a sensor, RFID,
chip, or other means, and circuit between negative post (1112) and
negative contact (1110) may be opened in response to detection that
a monopolar generator is activated. In some such versions, a switch
may be used to perform the disconnection. Other suitable ways in
which negative post (1112) may be mechanically and/or electrically
decoupled from negative contact (1110) and/or other components will
be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the
teachings herein.
[0045] It will be appreciated that in any of the above-described
transmission assemblies and handle assemblies, it may be desirable
to determine the identity of the transmission assembly for:
identification of the modality, the polarity, and/or other
characteristics associated with the transmission assembly. FIG. 10
depicts an exemplary handle assembly (1200) having an
identification device (1212) connected to transmission assembly
(1210). In the exemplary version, when transmission assembly (1210)
is coupled with handle assembly (1200), identification device
(1212) is operable to establish electromechanical communication
with contacts (1214), which are in communication with a controller
board (1216). Once contacts (1214) engage controller board (1216),
it will be appreciated that controller board (1216) may perform,
for example, an electronic handshake or other suitable protocol to
determine the identity of transmission assembly (1210), which may
include relevant information regarding transmission assembly's
(1210) modality, polarity, etc. Other suitable information may be
gathered as well such as the serial number, firmware version, etc.
of transmission assembly (1210). In the exemplary version,
identification device (1212) may comprise conductive rings,
grooves, and/or protruding rings for establishing contact with
controller board (1216) and identifying transmission assembly
(1210), but any suitable connection feature may be used as would be
apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the
teachings herein. The conductive rings, grooves, and/or protruding
rings are operable to close certain portions of the circuit of
controller board (1216) based on what particular portions of
contacts (1214) engage the physical features of conductive rings,
grooves, and/or protruding rings. Based on what portions of
controller board (1216) are closed, controller board (1216) may
experience and be operable to monitor changes in current, voltage,
etc. As a result of these changes in current, voltage, etc.,
controller board (1216) is operable to determine the identity and
characteristics of transmission assembly (1210) including the
identity, modality, etc. of an end effector (not shown) attached to
the distal end of transmission assembly (1210).
[0046] In some versions, identification device (1212) may comprise
one or more interrupted rings such that a revolution of
transmission assembly (1210) within handle assembly (1200) may
result in a discrete number of contacts with contacts (1214) of
controller board (1216) in a particular pattern indicative of the
modality, etc. of transmission assembly (1210). As a result,
controller board (1216) may also be operable to deduce the identity
of transmission assembly (1210) by the number of interruptions
caused by transmission assembly (1210) during a revolution of
transmission assembly (1210). For example, if during the course of
one revolution, identification device (1212) engages contacts
(1214) four times, then it may be indicative of transmission
assembly (1210) operating in the RF modality. In some versions,
identification device (1212) may include conductive rings, grooves,
reed switches, magnets, and/or protruding rings that are different
based on the modality of transmission assembly (1210) such that
when contacts (1214) engage identification device (1212), contacts
(1214) communicate to controller board (1216) information regarding
the identity and/or modality of transmission assembly (1210). In
addition to the conductive rings, grooves, reed switches, magnets,
and/or protruding rings merely touching contacts (1214), it will be
appreciated that in some versions, conductive rings, grooves, reed
switches, magnets, and/or protruding rings may be operable to
engage switches analogous to how a key engages tumblers in a lock,
thereby closing circuits in controller board (1216), which can be
used to determine the identity of transmission assembly (1210). In
the present example, the conductive rings, grooves, reed switches,
magnets, and/or protruding rings are located on the side of
identification device (1212), but it will be appreciated that
conductive rings, grooves, reed switches, magnets, and/or
protruding rings may be located on the proximal face of
identification device (1212) as well.
[0047] FIG. 11 shows an exemplary amplifier (1300) operable to be
used with any of the transmission assemblies discussed above. It
will be appreciated that depending on the type of transmission
assembly, different power and/or frequency needs may be required.
For instance, an ultrasonic transmission assembly may require a
frequency of 20-100 kHz, whereas an RF electrosurgical transmission
assembly may require a frequency of 200-500 kHz, whereas a
motor-driven stapling device may require DC power. Amplifier (1300)
is operable to be used to power any suitable transmission assembly
as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of
the teachings herein including, but not limited to: transmission
assemblies operable to deliver harmonic energy, RF energy, thermal
energy (through a heated electrode or end effector) or staples to a
surgical site. Amplifier (1300) comprises a class D full bridge
amplifier having a plurality of MOSFETs (1312) in communication
with a plurality of gate drives (1310) and a plurality of current
sensors (1314) operable to monitor current. Amplifier (1300)
further comprises an ultrasonic reconstruction filter (1316) and an
RF reconstruction filter (1318). Ultrasonic reconstruction filter
(1316) is operable to deliver power to a transmission assembly
configured for delivering ultrasonic energy to a surgical site. RF
reconstruction filter (1318) is operable to deliver power to a
transmission assembly configured to deliver RF energy to a surgical
site. Finally, a direct line (1320) may be used to transmit energy
to a motor which may be used, for example to drive surgical staples
into a surgical site. While the exemplary amplifier (1300) utilizes
a plurality of MOSFETs (1312) for amplification, it will be
appreciated that any suitable transistor may be used as would be
apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the
teachings herein. Furthermore, it will be understood that amplifier
(1300) may operate the above-noted transmission assemblies without
requiring switching relays and without requiring an output
transformer. While the exemplary version utilizes a Class D full
bridge amplifier, it will be appreciated that other suitable
amplifier topologies may be used. For example, a full bridge
amplifier, a half bridge amplifier, a single ended amplifier, or
any other suitable amplifier may be used. Furthermore, in addition
or in the alternative to a Class D amplifier, a Class E, Class F,
Class G, Class H, Doherty, Class T, Class Z, or any other suitable
amplifier may be used.
[0048] FIG. 12 depicts an exemplary reconstruction filter (1400)
comprising a pair of inductors (1402) and a pair of capacitors
(1404), a `Pi-L` filter. Reconstruction filter (1400) is operable
to be used in conjunction with or as ultrasonic reconstruction
filter (1316) and/or RF reconstruction filter (1318). In some
versions, reconstruction filter (1400) is operable for use with any
suitable class D amplifier. Reconstruction filter (1400), in
conjunction with an amplifier, utilizes a variation of pulse width
modulation to generate a sinusoidal output for use by a
transmission assembly where the output signal has an overall low
harmonic distortion. It will be appreciated that the phase of the
pulse width modulation may be controlled and/or modified thereby
controlling the phase of the sinusoidal output of reconstruction
filter (1400).
[0049] It will also be appreciated that reconstruction filter
(1400) is operable to allow control of the phase of output signal
of amplifier (1300) to be maintained such that the output signal
remains agile/flexible without undue delay between any instructions
regarding changing phase in relation to when any phase change may
eventually take effect. For example, reconstruction filter (1400)
may utilize variable capacitors and/or variable inductors or other
means to change the circuit elements such that the user may control
the phase output of filter (1400) as well as, or in the
alternative, control the width of filter (1400). It will further be
appreciated that the pulse width modulation supplied to filter
(1400) is sufficiently high such that the phase of the output of
filter (1400) may be modified without compromising the sinusoidal
output of filter (1400). Furthermore, it will also be appreciated
that the timing of the pulse width modulation need not be uniform.
In some versions, the pulse width modulation may be sinusoidally
spaced in such a way so as to control the output amplitude of
filter (1400).
[0050] It will be appreciated that amplifier (1300) enables the use
of batteries to drive ultrasonic and/or RF end effectors without
requiring unduly large electrical components that might otherwise
be required for handling the delivery of power to an ultrasonic
device, an RF based device, and/or a DC utilizing device. In other
exemplary versions, any suitable power source (AC or DC) may be
used as an input for amplifier. It will also be appreciated that
during the operation of amplifier (1300), transistors contained in
amplifier (1300) remain continuously or nearly continuously in
saturation such that very little voltage is dropped across any
connected devices when devices are connected to or removed from
communication with amplifier (1300).
[0051] In some versions, a feedback loop may be used to produce a
more desirable output of amplifier (1300). In particular, a
feedback system may be in communication with amplifier (1300) for
determining what may be required to compensate for non-linearity in
the output of amplifier (1300). Accordingly, the drive waveform
input to amplifier (1300) may be selectively pre-distorted in such
a way that is operable to eliminate undesirable behavior in
amplifier (1300) as determined by the feedback system. Furthermore,
the drive waveform input may also be selectively pre-distorted to
compensate for known or unknown non-linearity in the output of
amplifier (1300). In some versions, the output voltage of amplifier
(1300) may be monitored and analyzed in between applications of
power, thereby allowing the user to determine the state of the
electro-mechanical system associated with amplifier (1300) or the
surgical instrument in communication with amplifier (1300). As a
result of analyzing the voltage response, the input signal for
amplifier (1300) may be pre-distorted or modified to compensate for
or eliminate undesirable voltage behavior.
[0052] III. Miscellaneous
[0053] It is contemplated that various teachings herein may be
combined in numerous ways, and it should be understood that none of
the teachings herein are intended to represent the limits of the
inventors' contemplation. Various other examples of how several
features of the surgical instruments described herein may be
carried out in practice will be apparent to those of ordinary skill
in the art in view of the teachings herein, and those examples are
well within the inventors' contemplation.
[0054] By way of example only, at least a portion surgical device
(100, 600), active assembly (160, 500), and/or other components
referred to herein may be constructed in accordance with at least
some of the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 6,500,176 entitled
"Electrosurgical Systems and Techniques for Sealing Tissue,"
published Dec. 31, 2002, the disclosure of which is incorporated by
reference herein; U.S. Pat. No. 7,416,101 entitled "Motor-driven
Surgical Cutting and Fastening Instrument with Loading Force
Feedback," published Aug. 26, 2008, the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat. No. 7,738,971 entitled
"Post-sterilization Programming of Surgical Instruments," published
Jun. 15, 2010, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference
herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2006/0079874 entitled "Tissue Pad for Use
with an Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument," published Oct. 7, 2005,
the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S.
Pub. No. 2007/0191713 entitled "Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and
Coagulating," published Oct. 11, 2006, the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2007/0282333
entitled "Ultrasonic Waveguide and Blade," published May 22, 2007,
the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S.
Pub. No. 2008/0200940 entitled "Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and
Coagulating," published Jan. 15, 2008, the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0209990
entitled "Motorized Surgical Cutting and Fastening Instrument
Having Handle Based Power Source," published Feb. 14, 2008, the
disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub.
No. 2010/0069940 entitled "Ultrasonic Device for Fingertip
Control," published Sep. 11, 2009, the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Patent App. Publ. No.
2011/0015660, entitled "Rotating Transducer Mount for Ultrasonic
Surgical Instruments," published Jan. 20, 2011, the disclosure of
which is incorporated by reference herein; and/or U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 61/410,603, filed Nov. 5, 2010, entitled
"Energy-Based Surgical Instruments," the disclosure of which is
incorporated by reference herein.
[0055] It should be appreciated that any patent, publication, or
other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be
incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the
extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with
existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set
forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the
disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any
conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any
material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by
reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions,
statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only
be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that
incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.
[0056] Versions of the present invention have application in
conventional endoscopic and open surgical instrumentation as well
as application in robotic-assisted surgery. An exemplary
robotic-assist surgery system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
6,783,524, entitled "Robotic Surgical Tool with Ultrasound
Cauterizing and Cutting Instrument," published Aug. 31, 2004, the
disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
[0057] Versions of the devices disclosed herein can be designed to
be disposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be
used multiple times. Versions may, in either or both cases, be
reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning may
include any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device,
followed by cleaning or replacement of particular pieces, and
subsequent reassembly. In particular, versions of the device may be
disassembled, and any number of the particular pieces or parts of
the device may be selectively replaced or removed in any
combination. Upon cleaning and/or replacement of particular parts,
versions of the device may be reassembled for subsequent use either
at a reconditioning facility, or by a surgical team immediately
prior to a surgical procedure. Those skilled in the art will
appreciate that reconditioning of a device may utilize a variety of
techniques for disassembly, cleaning/replacement, and reassembly.
Use of such techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device, are
all within the scope of the present application.
[0058] By way of example only, versions described herein may be
processed before surgery. First, a new or used instrument may be
obtained and if necessary cleaned. The instrument may then be
sterilized. In one sterilization technique, the instrument is
placed in a closed and sealed container, such as a plastic or TYVEK
bag. The container and instrument may then be placed in a field of
radiation that can penetrate the container, such as gamma
radiation, x-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation may kill
bacteria on the instrument and in the container. The sterilized
instrument may then be stored in the sterile container. The sealed
container may keep the instrument sterile until it is opened in a
surgical facility. A device may also be sterilized using any other
technique known in the art, including but not limited to beta or
gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, or steam.
[0059] Having shown and described various versions of the present
invention, further adaptations of the methods and systems described
herein may be accomplished by appropriate modifications by one of
ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the
present invention. Several of such potential modifications have
been mentioned, and others will be apparent to those skilled in the
art. For instance, the examples, versions, geometrics, materials,
dimensions, ratios, steps, and the like discussed above are
illustrative and are not required. Accordingly, the scope of the
present invention should be considered in terms of the following
claims and is understood not to be limited to the details of
structure and operation shown and described in the specification
and drawings. I/We claim:
* * * * *