U.S. patent application number 13/335147 was filed with the patent office on 2012-04-26 for coordinated system of battery powered wireless lights.
This patent application is currently assigned to WIRELESS ENVIRONMENT, LLC. Invention is credited to David B. Levine, Michael V. Recker.
Application Number | 20120098439 13/335147 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45593518 |
Filed Date | 2012-04-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120098439 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Recker; Michael V. ; et
al. |
April 26, 2012 |
Coordinated System of Battery Powered Wireless Lights
Abstract
In embodiments of the present invention improved capabilities
are described for systems and methods that employ a control
component and/or power source integrated in an LED based light
source to control and/or power the LED light source wirelessly. In
embodiments, the LED based light source may take the form of a
standard light bulb that plugs into a standard lighting socket or
fixture.
Inventors: |
Recker; Michael V.;
(Gaithersburg, MD) ; Levine; David B.; (Pepper
Pike, OH) |
Assignee: |
WIRELESS ENVIRONMENT, LLC
Elyria
OH
|
Family ID: |
45593518 |
Appl. No.: |
13/335147 |
Filed: |
December 22, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13247620 |
Sep 28, 2011 |
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13335147 |
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13231822 |
Sep 13, 2011 |
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13247620 |
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12626640 |
Nov 26, 2009 |
8033686 |
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13231822 |
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11847509 |
Aug 30, 2007 |
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12626640 |
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11692075 |
Mar 27, 2007 |
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11847509 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
315/152 ;
315/297 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H05B 45/37 20200101;
H05B 47/19 20200101; Y02B 20/30 20130101; H05B 47/195 20200101;
H05B 45/385 20200101; H05B 45/38 20200101; H05B 45/375
20200101 |
Class at
Publication: |
315/152 ;
315/297 |
International
Class: |
H05B 37/02 20060101
H05B037/02 |
Claims
1.-20. (canceled)
21. A coordinated wireless lighting system comprising: one or more
wireless lighting modules each including a battery, at least one
light emitting diode, a wireless transceiver, a processor, and a
housing; and a disparate device separate from the one or more
wireless lighting modules, the disparate device including: a sensor
configured to detect a predetermined condition; a processor in
communication with the sensor and configured to generate a control
signal in response to detection of the predetermined condition; and
a transmitter configured to transmit the control signal to the one
or more wireless lighting modules; wherein the transceiver of the
one or more wireless lighting modules is configured to receive the
control signal, and the processor of the one or more wireless
lighting modules is configured to control illumination of the at
least one light emitting diode based on the control signal received
from the disparate device.
22. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 21, wherein
the one or more wireless lighting modules include a first plurality
of wireless lighting modules, and the control signal transmitted by
the disparate device is a first control signal, including one of an
on signal, an off signal, or a dim signal transmitted to each of
the first plurality of wireless lighting modules.
23. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 22, wherein
the one or more wireless lighting modules include a second
plurality of wireless lighting modules different from the first
plurality of wireless lighting modules, and the disparate device is
configured to transmit a second control signal, including one of an
on signal, an off signal, or a change in brightness signal to each
of the second plurality of wireless lighting modules, and wherein
the second control signal is different than the first control
signal.
24. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 21, wherein
the predetermined condition is at least one of a detected motion
and a detected change in ambient light.
25. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 24, wherein
the control signal includes an on signal, and the processor of the
one or more wireless lighting modules is configured to initiate
illumination of the at least one light emitting diode using power
from the battery of the one or more wireless lighting modules.
26. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 21, wherein
the one or more wireless lighting modules constitute a first group
of wireless lighting modules each identified by a predetermined,
common channel, and wherein the control signal includes at least
one lighting command and a channel identifier corresponding to the
predetermined, common channel of the first group.
27. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 26, wherein
the one or more wireless lighting modules include a second group of
wireless lighting modules each identified by a predetermined,
common channel different from the channel of the first group.
28. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 21, wherein
the control signal includes at least one of a light on command, a
light off command, a light change brightness command, or a begin
battery power command.
29. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 21, wherein
the disparate device includes a timer, and wherein the processor of
the disparate device is configured to initiate the timer in
response to detection of the predetermined condition and to
generate an off signal for transmission to the one or more wireless
lighting modules based on an output of the timer.
30. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 21, wherein
the processor of the one or more wireless lighting modules is
configured to cause the transceiver to re-transmit the control
signal generated by the processor of the disparate device and
received by the transceiver.
31. The coordinated wireless lighting system of claim 30, wherein
the processor of the one or more wireless lighting modules is
further configured to control illumination of the at least one
light emitting diode based on a control signal re-transmitted by a
transceiver of any of the one or more wireless lighting
modules.
32. A wireless lighting module, comprising: a housing; an
environmental sensor; at least one light emitting diode; a battery
configured to provide power to the at least one light emitting
diode; a wireless transceiver; and a processor configured to:
detect the presence of a predetermined condition based on an output
of the environmental sensor; generate a control signal in response
to detection of the predetermined condition and cause the wireless
transceiver to transmit the control signal for use by another
wireless lighting module in controlling illumination of at least
one light emitting diode associated with the another wireless
lighting module; and control illumination of the at least one light
emitting diode, by causing power from the battery to be supplied to
the at least one light emitting diode, in response to at least one
of the detection of the predetermined condition based on the output
of the environmental sensor or in response to a control signal
received via the wireless transceiver from another wireless
lighting module.
33. The wireless lighting module of claim 32, wherein controlling
illumination of the at least one light emitting diode includes
turning on the at least one lighting emitting diode, turning off
the at least one lighting emitting diode, or changing the
brightness of the at least one lighting emitting diode.
34. The wireless lighting module of claim 32, wherein the processor
is further configured to cause the wireless transceiver to
re-transmit the control signal received via the wireless
transceiver from another wireless lighting module.
35. The wireless lighting module of claim 32, wherein the
predetermined condition includes at least one of a detected motion
and a detected change in ambient light.
36. The wireless lighting module of claim 32, wherein the wireless
lighting module is configured with a predetermined channel such
that the wireless lighting module can communicate with other
wireless lighting modules having the same predetermined
channel.
37. A wireless lighting control unit, comprising: a housing; at
least one sensor; a transmitter; a battery for powering the
wireless lighting control unit; and a processor configured to:
determine the presence of a predetermined condition based on an
output of the at least one sensor; generate a control signal,
including an on signal, an off signal, or a change in brightness
signal, based on the determined presence of the predetermined
condition; cause the transmitter to transmit the control signal to
a plurality of wireless lighting modules each identified by a
common, predetermined channel.
38. The wireless lighting control unit of claim 37, wherein the at
least one sensor includes a second sensor, and the processor is
configured to: determine the presence of a predetermined condition
based on an output of the second sensor; generate a second control
signal, including an on signal, an off signal, or a change in
brightness signal, based on the determined presence of the
predetermined condition based on the output of the second sensor;
cause the transmitter to transmit the second control signal to a
second plurality of wireless lighting modules each identified by a
second common, predetermined channel.
39. The wireless lighting control unit of claim 38, wherein the
control signal is different from the second control signal.
40. The wireless lighting control unit of claim 37, wherein the
predetermined condition is at least one of a detected motion and a
detected change in ambient light.
41. A wireless lighting module, comprising: a housing; at least one
light emitting diode; a battery configured to provide power to the
at least one light emitting diode; a wireless transceiver; and a
processor configured to: control illumination of the at least one
light emitting diode, by causing power from the battery to be
supplied to the at least one light emitting diode, in response to a
control signal received via the wireless transceiver; and cause the
wireless transceiver to re-transmit the control signal received via
the wireless transceiver.
42. The wireless lighting module of claim 41, wherein controlling
illumination of the at least one light emitting diode includes
turning on the at least one lighting emitting diode, turning off
the at least one lighting emitting diode, or changing the
brightness of the at least one lighting emitting diode.
43. The wireless lighting module of claim 41, wherein the wireless
lighting module is configured to include a selectable channel for
use in communications, and the processor is further configured to
determine at least one channel in use by a device within
communications range of the wireless lighting module and select the
at least one channel for use in communications by the wireless
lighting module.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of the following U.S.
patent applications, each of which is hereby incorporated by
reference in its entirety: U.S. Appl. No. 61/118,245 filed Nov. 26,
2008; U.S. Appl. No. 61/150,477 filed Feb. 6, 2009; U.S. Appl. No.
61/167,556 filed Apr. 8, 2009; U.S. Appl. No. 61/186,097 filed Jun.
11, 2009; U.S. Appl. No. 61/234,024 filed Aug. 14, 2009; U.S. Appl.
No. 61/246,362 filed Sep. 28, 2009; U.S. Appl. No. 61/118,257 filed
Nov. 26, 2008; and U.S. Appl. No. 61/167,655 filed Apr. 8,
2009.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Field
[0003] The present invention is directed generally to devices and
applications for the use of wireless control and wireless power in
lighting devices. More particularly, the invention relates to the
use of wireless control and wireless power in light emitting diode
(LED) based devices primarily for illumination purposes.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] Conservation and management of electrical power are a
growing concern with regard to both cost and environmental impact.
In various lighting applications, the use of light emitting diodes
(LEDs) for illumination is beginning to emerge as a lighting source
with potential for addressing these concerns. LED light sources
have a long life, are energy efficient, are durable and operate
over a wide temperature range. While LED lighting is becoming an
attractive option for certain applications, it is not optimal for
many applications. Therefore, there is a need for improved LED
lighting systems.
SUMMARY
[0006] The present invention is directed generally to devices and
applications related to the use of wireless control and wireless
power in light emitting diode (LED) based lighting devices. More
particularly, the devices and applications according to various
embodiments of the present invention make use of wireless control
and wireless power in lighting devices to provide advantages in
ease of installation, in the ability to install lighting in
locations independent of a connection to wired power, in cost
savings, in energy efficiency and in the reduction of energy
consumption at times of peak demand through controls and power
management and in safety, security, and convenience for the end
user.
[0007] Wireless control, as in relation to lighting facilities of
the present invention, may be defined as any control aspect that
provides a controlling function to the lighting facility without
the use of a wired connection, such as a wired control interface,
wired power control, and the like. Control aspects may include, but
are not limited to, a wireless remote control interface (e.g. RF
remote control), a wireless power controller (e.g. control of the
source of power to the LEDs, such as including integrated energy
storage device(s) and AC power), a wireless control input (e.g. an
environmental sensor input), internal programmed control (e.g.
internal program store controlled through a state machine or
processor), and the like. In embodiments, cost savings and power
management may be implemented through wireless control. In
embodiments, wireless control may enable a distributed intelligence
architecture where the LED lighting facility may operate in an
autonomous manner in response to its wireless control inputs or
internal program. In embodiment, wireless control may be used in
conjunction with wireless power to allow operation of the lighting
facility completely independent of the power grid.
[0008] In some embodiments, wireless control allows the
installation of the device in any indoor or outdoor location where
light may be desired without the need for a wired connection to
control it. In some embodiments, wireless control is used in a
lighting device with a wired connection but allows an alternate
method of control of the light rather than by its wired connection.
In some embodiments, a lighting circuit may have multiple lights on
the circuit, but wireless control built into the lights on that
lighting circuit may allow them to be independently controlled.
[0009] Power sources that can be used stand-alone as described
herein (i.e. not connected to a traditional AC power source) are
defined as wireless power sources. A wireless power source may be
an energy storage device such as a non-rechargeable battery, a
rechargeable battery, a capacitor, a fuel cell, and the like. A
wireless power source may be derived from an energy harvesting
method such as using solar cells, capturing radiofrequency energy,
converting kinetic energy to electrical energy (including
converting motion or tension into electrical energy), converting
thermal energy into electrical energy, converting wind energy into
electrical energy, and the like. Multiple wireless power sources
may be used together in some embodiments. For example, a light bulb
with an integrated rechargeable battery may also contain solar
cells on its housing and the ability to charge the integrated
battery accordingly.
[0010] In some embodiments, a wireless power source integrated into
the lighting device allows the installation of the lighting device
in any indoor or outdoor location where light may be desired
without the need for a wired connection to an AC power source. In
other embodiments there is a wired connection to an AC power
source, but the wireless power source is used when advantageous,
for example as a backup power source in an emergency or as an
alternative power source to provide energy efficiency or cost
savings.
[0011] The embodiments described for the present invention may use
wireless control and wireless power in conjunction with LEDs as a
light source for illumination. In one embodiment, a power
uninterruptable LED light with sensor-based control for
transferring to internal power in the event of an AC power
disruption is described. The power uninterruptable LED light may be
designed in a housing type of a bulb, tube, lamp, fixture, retrofit
fixture, and the like. The housing may contain internal wireless
power in the form of an internal power source such as a
rechargeable battery that can be used to power the light source
upon a detected AC power disruption. For example, the power
uninterruptable LED light may be a standard size light bulb that
when plugged into a standard light socket acts normally as a light
bulb, but in the event of an AC power disruption may use the
internal power source to continue emitting light through the power
disruption. Several forms of wireless control can be used with the
disclosed invention including AC power sensing, impedance sensing
of the lighting circuit to determine the on/off state of
controlling switches, remote control in the form of a radio
frequency receiver, sensors built into the housing such as a motion
sensor or light sensor, and the like.
[0012] Another embodiment of the invention is directed to an
externally controllable LED light in a housing type of a bulb,
tube, lamp, fixture, retrofit fixture, and the like, that may
receive commands from a power company or lighting control software
to control the use of the wireless power source. For example, a
load control switch or demand response mechanism reducing light
intensity may be designed to control lighting to reduce power
consumption during periods of peak usage of electricity. In the
instance of reducing the intensity of the lights, the present
invention instead may move the power switched off or reduced by the
power company or lighting control software onto battery power, thus
enabling the light to stay at the same intensity level while still
reducing the power consumed from the AC power source. The source of
the load control signal is external to the externally controllable
LED light itself. This is "grid shifting" or storing energy from
the grid to the integrated power source at one time and using that
stored energy at another time when it is advantageous. This allows
moving on and off of the AC power source using the integrated power
source as an alternate power source and the control of that and
other functions with external signals. In some embodiments, AC
power and the integrated power source may be used simultaneously
where the load is shared by the power sources. In such a case, the
load on the AC power source may be reduced by some amount by
transferring some amount of load to the integrated power source.
The externally controllable LED light may also contain any form of
wireless control which can also be controlled by the power company
or lighting control software to enable, disable or set the
functionality of the wireless control mechanism.
[0013] Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a
wirelessly controlled LED light bulb containing an integrated power
source where the wireless control is through built in sensors,
program based intelligence, remote control based on a communication
interface wirelessly, over the wire, and the like. With wireless
control and wireless power integrated, the wirelessly controlled
LED light bulb may operate autonomously in response to the input
devices, internal timers, internal clock and/or internal program.
It may have the ability to use the integrated power source
autonomously for grid shifting, load shedding, independent control
of the light sources on a single lighting circuit, backup power,
energy harvesting when an energy harvesting power source is
integrated in the bulb, or any application-specific function in
which an integrated power source may be advantageous.
[0014] Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a
wirelessly networked LED light with sensor-based control. The
wirelessly networked LED light with sensor-based control may be
designed in a housing type of a bulb, tube, lamp, fixture, retrofit
fixture, battery powered fixture, and the like. Building a
networking capability into a removable and replaceable wirelessly
networked LED light bulb creates the ability to plug bulbs in such
that they become part of the network without running new wiring
(i.e. a plug and play lighting network). This is enabled by
building the ability to receive control and programming over a
network as well as forward or route traffic to other wirelessly
networked LED lights that are part of the network into the lights
themselves. If the wirelessly networked LED light is a removable
device such as a bulb, tube or lamp, it may be installed as a light
source and a node in the lighting network by installing it in a
standard socket. Networked bulbs, tubes, lamps, fixtures, retrofit
fixtures and battery powered fixtures may operate in a coordinated
fashion, where one or more light sources are operating with battery
only, battery and AC or AC only power sources along with any
control source within the group. In some embodiments, the source of
the control for one or more lights in the group may be one of the
lights in the group in response to a control input that light
received. In addition to coordinating operation, the network may be
used for communication purposes such that an extensible lighting
network can be installed by installing bulbs, tubes, lamps and
battery power fixtures in existing locations that do not require an
electrician for new wiring or special hardware other than what is
contained with the wirelessly networked LED light itself.
[0015] Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a
centralized power outage system bridged to a networked lighting
system. The centralized power outage control may come in the form
of a module that detects a disruption in the AC power source and
transmits to a system of bulbs, tubes, lamps, fixtures, retrofit
fixtures, battery powered fixtures, and the like, to turn on,
switch to backup power or change their mode of operation in some
manner in response to the detected disruption in power. The power
outage module may be connected to an emergency lighting circuit to
transmit control to a networked lighting system when the emergency
lighting circuit attempts to turn on emergency lighting. Due to its
integrated power source, a wirelessly controlled and/or wirelessly
powered LED light may continue to operate in an emergency situation
as controlled by a power outage control module.
[0016] Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a
sensor-based wirelessly controlled LED light. The sensor-based
wirelessly controlled LED light may be designed in a housing type
of a bulb, tube, lamp, fixture, retrofit fixture, and the like. In
the embodiment, the sensor-based wirelessly controlled LED light is
AC powered and contains input devices and the ability to
autonomously respond to the input devices. For example, a daylight
harvesting LED light bulb may adjust the light intensity based on
the ambient light level detected by a light sensor built into the
bulb. In an alternate version, the light sensor is built into a
remote transmitter that may transmit the ambient light reading
directly to one or more sensor-based wirelessly controlled LED
lights that can then adjust the light intensity of the LED light
source based on a configured net light that needs to be detected at
the light sensor. The sensor-based wirelessly controlled LED light
may have the ability to learn from the input devices. For example,
a sensor-based wirelessly controlled LED light with a motion sensor
and real time clock built into the device may learn that motion
detections will be high at a certain time of the day. An internal
program may schedule the light to turn on automatically at that
time of day rather than use the motion sensor. The internal program
may dynamically change the schedule to move the time the light
turns on automatically to earlier or later times based on the
motion detection input.
[0017] One advantage of the present invention is the ability to
build intelligent lighting systems where wireless control and
wireless power along with the ability to take advantage of the
additional functionality is built into the light itself. One
advantage of the present invention is the ability to provide
battery back-up power within an LED bulb or tube that can fit into
conventional AC powered sockets. In some embodiments, these lights
are able to provide light in the event of power outage, and in
other embodiments these lights may be used to reduce demand on the
power grid by switching to battery power at peak times, then
recharging off peak. One advantage of the present invention is the
ability to create programmable light bulbs, tubes or lamps with
integrated sensors. These intelligent lights may contain integrated
controls that turn on, off, or change light intensity based on a
programmable schedule, the detection of sensor inputs, or a change
in lighting conditions. One advantage of the present invention is
the ability to communicate controls to and between these LED
lighting facilities. In some embodiments, intelligent lights may
contain wireless transmitters and receivers allowing them to
coordinate functions within groups of light bulbs or allowing them
to receive control and programming over a network as well as
forward or route traffic to other light bulbs that are part of the
network. Thus, for example, a removable light bulb may also act as
a node in a network of light bulbs providing the ability to deploy
a lighting installation and a network to control the lighting
installation by plugging light bulbs into sockets.
[0018] It should be appreciated that combinations of the foregoing
concepts and additional concepts discussed in greater detail below
are contemplated as being part of the inventive subject matter
disclosed herein. In particular, all combinations of claimed
subject matter appearing at the end of this disclosure, or
elsewhere herein, are contemplated as being part of the inventive
subject matter.
[0019] These and other systems, methods, objects, features, and
advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those
skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the
preferred embodiment and the drawings. All documents mentioned
herein are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0020] The invention and the following detailed description of
certain embodiments thereof may be understood by reference to the
following figures:
[0021] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of a
wireless lighting module.
[0022] FIG. 2 shows a simplified schematic view of one embodiment
of a wireless lighting module.
[0023] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of a
remote control for a wireless light.
[0024] FIG. 4 shows a simplified schematic view of one embodiment
of a remote control for a wireless light.
[0025] FIG. 5 shows a simplified schematic drawing of an RF
communication system for controlling a light.
[0026] FIG. 6 shows a simplified schematic drawing of an
alternative embodiment of a wireless lighting module.
[0027] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a system that provides
illumination with a wireless light.
[0028] FIG. 8 shows a methodology that facilitates selectively
emitting light in accordance with a wireless input.
[0029] FIG. 9 shows a methodology that facilitates selectively
emitting light based upon input from a sensor.
[0030] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of an example wireless
lighting system.
[0031] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of an example wireless
lighting system that utilizes RF signaling to control lighting.
[0032] FIG. 12 shows another block diagram of an example system
that provides wireless lighting.
[0033] FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of an example system that
provides illumination with a wireless light.
[0034] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of an example system that
recharges a power source integrated within a wireless light
bulb.
[0035] FIG. 15 shows a block diagram of an example system that
coordinates operation of a set of wireless light bulbs.
[0036] FIG. 16 shows a methodology that facilitates selectively
emitting light in accordance with a wireless input.
[0037] FIG. 17 shows a methodology that facilitates selectively
emitting light based upon input from a sensor.
[0038] FIG. 18 shows an example networking environment, wherein the
novel aspects of the claimed subject matter can be employed.
[0039] FIG. 19 shows an example operating environment that can be
employed in accordance with the claimed subject matter.
[0040] FIG. 20 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a
motion wireless light bulb.
[0041] FIG. 21 shows a perspective view of the recessed fixture
version of a wireless light bulb.
[0042] FIG. 22 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a
battery embedded solar recharged PAR30 wireless light bulb.
[0043] FIG. 23 shows a block diagram of an example system that uses
an AC power and embedded battery power with an intelligent,
programmable controller.
[0044] FIG. 24 shows a block diagram of an example system that uses
an AC power and embedded battery power with an intelligent,
programmable controller and a grid tie inverter to deliver power to
the grid.
[0045] FIG. 25 shows a block diagram of an example system that uses
an electronic ballast and embedded battery power in a compact
fluorescent lamp with an intelligent, programmable controller.
[0046] FIG. 26 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an AC
powered battery embedded PAR30 wireless light bulb.
[0047] FIG. 27 shows a block diagram of example architectures for
an on line wireless light bulb.
[0048] FIG. 28 shows a block diagram showing an example AC powered
super capacitor embedded wireless light bulb system.
[0049] FIG. 29 shows a perspective view of the recessed fixture
version of a wireless light bulb with an external power supply with
battery.
[0050] FIG. 30 shows a perspective view of the stair light
embodiment of a wireless lighting module.
[0051] FIG. 31 shows a perspective view of the sensor light
embodiment of a wireless lighting module.
[0052] FIG. 32 shows a use scenario of the stair light as a path
light.
[0053] FIG. 33 shows a kit description of a fall prevention
kit.
[0054] FIG. 34 shows a use scenario of the stair light on a deck
near the stair to the deck.
[0055] FIG. 35 shows a use scenario of three stair lights mounted
on a stair way and an RF remote control.
[0056] FIG. 36 shows a perspective view of the RF Spotlight
embodiment of a wireless lighting module.
[0057] FIG. 37 shows a perspective view of the RF Ceiling Light
embodiment of a wireless lighting module.
[0058] FIG. 38 shows an embodiment for an uninterruptable lighting
facility with control, remote control, AC power, and battery.
[0059] FIG. 39 shows an embodiment for an uninterruptable lighting
facility with control, AC power, and removable battery.
[0060] FIG. 40 shows an embodiment for an uninterruptable lighting
facility with input device, impedance, control, AC power, and
battery.
[0061] FIG. 41 shows an embodiment for an uninterruptable lighting
facility with a sensor, control, AC power, and removable
battery.
[0062] FIG. 42 shows an embodiment for an uninterruptable lighting
facility with sensor, control, AC power, and rechargeable
battery.
[0063] FIG. 43 shows an embodiment for an uninterruptable lighting
facility with AC power and rechargeable battery.
[0064] FIG. 44 shows an embodiment for an externally controllable
light with external control with power shifting, internal control,
AC power, and battery.
[0065] FIG. 45 shows an embodiment for an externally controllable
light with external control, internal control, impedance sense, AC
power, and battery.
[0066] FIG. 46 shows an embodiment for an externally controllable
light with external control, internal control, sensor, AC power,
and battery.
[0067] FIG. 47 shows an embodiment for an externally controllable
light with internal load sharing control, AC power, and
battery.
[0068] FIG. 48 shows an embodiment for an externally controllable
light with external control, internal control, sensor, AC power,
battery, and network interface.
[0069] FIG. 49 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with daylight harvesting, control, and battery.
[0070] FIG. 50 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with sensor, programmable control, and battery.
[0071] FIG. 51 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with impedance sensing, control, programmability, and
battery.
[0072] FIG. 52 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with power management control, programmability, remote, and
battery.
[0073] FIG. 53 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with energy harvesting, battery, and control.
[0074] FIG. 54 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with power management control, programmability with learned
behavior, remote, and battery.
[0075] FIG. 55 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with motion sensing, AC power, and battery.
[0076] FIG. 56 shows an embodiment for remote control wireless
light with power management control, programmability with learned
behavior, remote, and battery.
[0077] FIG. 57 shows an embodiment for a networked light with
sensor input.
[0078] FIG. 58 shows an embodiment for a networked light with
sensor input and impedance sensing.
[0079] FIG. 59 shows an embodiment for a networked light with
sensor input and external control source.
[0080] FIG. 60 shows an embodiment for a networked light with
battery and internal control source.
[0081] FIG. 61 shows an embodiment for a networked light with
wireless power, wireless control, and power management.
[0082] FIG. 62 shows an embodiment for a centralized power outage
light with sensor, outage input, and control.
[0083] FIG. 63 shows an embodiment for a centralized power outage
light with impedance sensing, outage input, and control.
[0084] FIG. 64 shows an embodiment for a centralized power outage
light with sensor, outage input, control, and connection to
emergency lighting system.
[0085] FIG. 65 shows an embodiment for a sensor-based wirelessly
controlled light with wireless control, remote sensor, and power
management.
[0086] FIG. 66 shows an embodiment for a sensor-based wirelessly
controlled light with daylight harvesting and power management.
[0087] FIG. 67 shows an embodiment for a sensor-based wirelessly
controlled light with AC power and programmability through switch
settings.
[0088] While the invention has been described in connection with
certain preferred embodiments, other embodiments would be
understood by one of ordinary skill in the art and are encompassed
herein.
[0089] All documents referenced herein are hereby incorporated by
reference.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0090] The claimed subject matter is described with reference to
the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to
like elements throughout. In the following description, for
purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in
order to provide a thorough understanding of the subject
innovation. It may be evident, however, that the claimed subject
matter may be practiced without these specific details. In other
instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block
diagram form in order to facilitate describing the subject
innovation. Moreover, it is to be appreciated that the drawings may
not be to scale.
[0091] As utilized herein, terms "component," "system," and the
like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either
hardware, software (e.g., in execution), and/or firmware. For
example, a component can be a process running on a processor, a
processor, an object, an executable, a program, and/or a computer.
By way of illustration, both an application running on a server and
the server can be a component. One or more components can reside
within a process and a component can be localized on one computer
and/or distributed between two or more computers.
[0092] Furthermore, the claimed subject matter may be implemented
as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard
programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software,
firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof to control a
computer to implement the disclosed subject matter. The term
"article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a
computer program accessible from any computer-readable device,
carrier, or media. For example, computer readable media can include
but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk,
floppy disk, magnetic strips), optical disks (e.g., compact disk
(CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)), smart cards, and flash memory
devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive). Additionally it should be
appreciated that a carrier wave can be employed to carry
computer-readable electronic data such as those used in
transmitting and receiving electronic mail or in accessing a
network such as the Internet or a local area network (LAN). Of
course, those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications
may be made to this configuration without departing from the scope
or spirit of the claimed subject matter. Moreover, the word
"exemplary" is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance,
or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as
"exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or
advantageous over other aspects or designs.
[0093] The claimed subject matter is directed to wireless LED
lighting. With reference to FIG. 1, illustrated is a perspective
view of one embodiment of a wireless lighting module 100. In the
illustrated embodiment, the wireless lighting module 100 includes a
housing 110 and a plurality of LEDs 120. In one embodiment, the
wireless lighting module 100 includes 16 LEDs. In alternative
embodiments, the lighting module may include more LEDs 120 to
provide greater illumination or fewer LEDs 120 to use less power.
It is to be appreciated that the wireless lighting module 100 can
include any number of LEDs 120, and the LEDs 120 can be positioned
at substantially any locations with respect to one another as well
as in comparison to the housing 110.
[0094] In one embodiment, the housing 110 is constructed of
plastic. Alternatively, the housing 110 can be constructed of metal
or any other known material. In one embodiment (not shown), the
housing 110 includes a mounting device for mounting the wireless
lighting module 100 to a wall, ceiling, cabinet, or other surface.
Exemplary mounting devices include screws, nails, adhesive, suction
cups, magnets, VELCRO, fixing posts, flanged heads of fasteners,
and other known mounting devices. In this embodiment, the housing
110 is configured to be mounted under a cabinet or desk, on a
mailbox, or on a wall or ceiling of a room, closet, attic,
basement, garage, storage area, shed, wall unit, hallway, stairway,
emergency exit path, or cabinet, or in any other indoor or outdoor
location where light may be desired. In one embodiment, one
wireless lighting module (e.g., the wireless lighting module 100)
illuminates an area of 20 square feet. It is to be appreciated that
the housing 110 can be any size and/or shape and is not limited to
the depicted illustration (e.g., the housing 110 can be dome
shaped, pyramid shaped, cylindrical.). According to another
example, the housing 110 can form a rope light.
[0095] With continued reference to FIG. 1, the LEDs 120 of the
wireless lighting module 100 are arranged in an array to disperse
light over a desired area. In alternative embodiments (not shown),
one or more LEDs 120 are arranged in a spotlight to focus light
over a desired area. In one embodiment, the LEDs 120 are white. In
an alternative embodiment, the LEDs 120 are colored. In such an
embodiment, all of the LEDs in the wireless lighting module 100 may
be of the same or different colors. When the LEDs in the wireless
lighting module 100 are of different colors, the relative intensity
of the LEDs may be controlled (e.g. via pulse-width modulation,
constant current control, variable current control, or the like) to
produce illumination in a variety of mixed colors. For example, the
LEDs may include red, green, and blue LEDs and the mixed colors may
include a substantial number of colors represented in an RGB color
wheel of a certain resolution (e.g. 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit, and so
on). Regardless of whether the LEDs are of different colors,
controlling the intensity of one or more LEDs via pulse-width
modulation may provide power savings, dimming, and so on.
[0096] In the illustrated embodiment, the wireless lighting module
100 further includes a light-transmitting cover 130. In one
embodiment, the light-transmitting cover 130 is transparent.
Alternatively, the cover may be colored or frosted. In one
embodiment, the light-transmitting cover 130 is smooth. In
alternative embodiments, the cover may be etched or otherwise
textured. The light-transmitting cover 130 may have any desired
shape. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the module does
not include a light-transmitting cover. In another embodiment, the
wireless lighting module includes a filter (not shown).
[0097] In other embodiments, an optical lens or lenses or
reflectors to direct the light, reflect the light or change the
viewing angle of the LEDs. The housing of the unit may include any
number of optical elements. The optical elements may serve to
focus, diffuse, filter, collimate, or otherwise affect light
produced by the LEDs. In embodiments, the optical elements may
include one or more lenses, reflectors, optical filters, apertures,
and so on. The lenses may be fixed, a multiple lens array,
adjustable, and so on. The lenses or reflectors may be manually
adjustable, motorized with direct control with switches on the unit
for adjusting the direction or characteristics of the light source,
motorized with a remote control for adjusting the direction or
characteristics of the light source through RF or IR control or it
may detect motion and automatically adjust the lenses or reflectors
to aim the light in the direction of the motion either to
illuminate an area or as a deterrent for security reasons or as a
deterrent for animals.
[0098] FIG. 2 shows a simplified top plan view of the wireless
lighting module 100, with the housing 110 and light-transmitting
cover 130 removed. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the
wireless lighting module 100 includes a power source, such as a
battery 210. In alternative embodiments, the power source may be a
solar cell. In one known embodiment, three "AAA" size alkaline
batteries are used as a power source. In an alternative embodiment,
three "C" size alkaline batteries are used. It should be understood
that any number of known batteries may be used, including without
limitation all known alkaline and nickel-cadmium batteries,
depending on size and power requirements. According to another
example, the power source can be any number and type of
rechargeable batteries and/or non-rechargeable batteries. Pursuant
to a further illustration, the power source can be a combination of
a solar cell and one or more batteries (e.g., rechargeable,
non-rechargeable.). Thus, for instance, a battery can supplement
the power supplied by the solar cell (or vice versa) and/or the
solar cell can recharge a battery. In some embodiments of the
foregoing arrangement, a solar cell may be diode or-ed with a
battery and the battery may be non-rechargeable. In alternate
embodiments the power source may include a fuel cell, such as and
without limitation a hydrogen fuel cell, a reformed methanol fuel
cell, or the like. In alternate embodiments, the power source may
include a capacitor, array of capacitors, super capacitors to store
energy to be used as a power source similar to a battery, and the
like.
[0099] In some embodiments, the power source may employ any and all
forms of energy harvesting. Energy harvest may, without limitation,
include capturing radiofrequency energy, converting kinetic energy
to electrical energy (including converting motion or tension into
electrical energy), converting thermal energy into electrical
energy, converting wind energy into electrical energy, and so on.
In some embodiments, energy harvesting may include collecting light
from other light sources and converting that light into electrical
energy. It will be understood that a variety of systems and methods
that harvest energy are possible. In alternate embodiments, the
power source may be through wireless power transmission where a
method of wireless power transmission may act as the power source
or in combination with the other power sources mentioned herein
(e.g. rechargeable batteries, capacitors, and the like) to provide
power to the module.
[0100] Power sources that can be used stand alone as described
herein (i.e. not connected to a traditional AC power source) are
defined as wireless power. A wireless power source allows the
installation of the wireless lighting module 100 in any indoor or
outdoor location where light may be desired without the need for a
wired connection to an AC power source.
[0101] As shown, the battery 210 is electrically connected to the
LEDs 120 to provide power for the light output. The battery 210 is
also connected to a receiver 220 configured to receive a data
stream. In one embodiment, the receiver 220 is configured to
receive a data stream in the form of RF signals and is further
configured to output data to logic 230. In one embodiment, the
receiver 220 is configured to receive data at up to 100 kbps and
has a receive sensitivity of as little as -115 dBm. In an
alternative embodiment, the receiver 220 is configured to receive
IR signals.
[0102] In one embodiment, the receiver 220 includes an integrated
processor (not shown). The integrated processor of the receiver 220
is separate from the logic 230 of the wireless lighting module 100.
The integrated processor is configured to convert an RF or IR data
stream to digital data output. The integrated processor may be an
integrated circuit, a microprocessor, or other known processor. For
example, the receiver 220 may be a commercially available MAXIM
MAX1470 RF Integrated Circuit 300-450 MHz ASK Superheterodyne
receiver.
[0103] With continued reference to FIG. 2, the battery 210 is also
connected to the logic 230. The logic 230 is configured to monitor
data received by the receiver 220. In one embodiment, described
above, the receiver 220 outputs digital data. In an alternative
embodiment, the receiver 220 outputs analog data and the logic 230
is configured to convert the analog data to digital data. The logic
230 is configured to detect specific sequences of data, such as
commands and channel data, as will be described in more detail
below. In response to the sequences of data, the logic 230 may
control the LEDs 120 as described herein and elsewhere. In some
embodiments, the sequences of data may originate from or relate to
the output of a sensor. The logic 230 may be an integrated circuit,
a microprocessor, or any known type of processor. For example, the
logic 230 may be a commercially available FREESCALE Semiconductor
MC68HC908QT microcontroller. Embodiments of the logic 230 may be
programmable so that control of the LEDs 120, responses to
sequences of data, and other programmable functions may be field
programmable, end-user programmable, added and removed after
market, added and removed by an OEM, and so on.
[0104] In one embodiment, the logic 230 employs a power sequencing
algorithm to conserve power. In this embodiment, the logic 230
stays in a "hibernation" mode to conserve power. The logic 230 is
activated a few times per second to monitor the receiver 220. If
the logic 230 detects output from the receiver 220, the logic 230
reads the data and executes commands according to a protocol
described below. If the logic 230 does not detect output from the
receiver 220, it returns to hibernation mode.
[0105] The logic 230 is also in electric communication with the
LEDs 120. The logic 230 maintains the on/off state of the LEDs 120.
Additionally, the logic 230 may be configured to control the
brightness of the LEDs 120. In one embodiment, the logic 230 is
configured to turn off the LEDs 120 after a predetermined amount of
time to conserve power. The logic 230 is also configured to control
pulse width modulation to extend battery life.
[0106] In one embodiment, the LEDs 120 are color changing LEDs and
the logic 230 is configured to control the color emitted by the
LEDs 120. In one embodiment (not shown), when more than one
wireless lighting module is employed, the modules may be
synchronized such that the logic of each module changes the light
color at the same time or according to a user preference.
[0107] FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a
remote control 300 for a wireless lighting module (e.g., the
wireless lighting module 100 of FIG. 1). The remote control 300
includes a housing 310. In one embodiment (not shown), the housing
310 is configured to be attached to a keychain. In another
embodiment (not shown), the housing 310 is configured to be mounted
to a wall.
[0108] In the illustrated embodiment, the remote control 300
includes a button 320 configured to receive user input. Here, the
button 320 receives an on/off toggle command. In an alternative
embodiment (not shown), the remote control 300 includes a plurality
of buttons. The additional buttons may be configured to receive a
separate "on" command and "off" command. The additional buttons may
also be configured to receive a "dim" or "brightness" command or a
color changing command. In another alternative embodiment (not
shown), the remote control 300 further includes a DIP switch for
receiving a channel number. In other alternative embodiments (not
shown), the remote control 300 employs dials, toggle switches,
levers, knobs, buttons, or any other appropriate controls to
receive user input. According to another example, the remote
control 300 can utilize a touch panel for obtaining user input.
[0109] The remote control 300 further includes a transmitter 330
configured to transmit a signal. In one embodiment, the transmitter
330 is an RF transmitter. In an alternative embodiment, the
transmitter 330 is an IR transmitter. In one embodiment, the
transmitter 330 includes an integrated processor (not shown), such
as a MAXIM MAX 1472 RF Integrated Circuit 300-450 MHz ASK
transmitter and is configured to transmit data at up to 100 kbps.
According to another illustration, the remote control 300 can
include a transceiver that can receive data from a wireless
lighting module as well as transmit data to the wireless lighting
module. In some embodiments, the remote control 300 may transmit at
a user-selected radio frequency or at a predetermined radio
frequency with any and all types of encoding or modulation. It will
be understood that the radio frequency may include UHF, VHF, ISM
band, and so on. Furthermore, it will be understood that a variety
of types of encoding or modulation are possible. For example and
without limitation, the remote control 300 may function in
accordance with WIFI, ZIGBEE, BLUETOOTH, or the like. For another
example and without limitation, the remote control 300 may function
substantially as an RFID tag. In embodiments, the remote control
300 may be handheld, wall mounted (e.g. as a switch or the like
that is battery powered or AC powered from a switch plate), and so
on.
[0110] FIG. 4 illustrates a simplified top plan view of a remote
control 300 with a housing 310 removed. The remote control 300
includes a power source, such as a battery 410. In one embodiment,
the battery 410 is a CR2032 coin cell battery. In alternative
embodiments, any number of any known type of battery may be used.
The battery is electrically connected to and supplies power to the
transmitter 330.
[0111] In the illustrated embodiment, the battery 410 is also
connected to and supplies power to logic 420. The logic 420 is
configured to monitor a switch (not shown) connected to the button
320. The logic 420 is further configured to build and send a
control message to the transmitter 330. In one embodiment, the
logic 420 sends a digital control message to the transmitter 330.
An integrated circuit (not shown) of the transmitter 330 then
converts the digital control message to an analog control message
for transmission as an RF signal. In an alternative embodiment, the
transmitter 330 is configured to transmit a digital RF signal. In
another alternative embodiment, the logic 420 sends an analog
control message to the transmitter 330.
[0112] In one embodiment, the logic 420 is configured to recognize
an on/off toggle command. The logic 420 receives the on/off toggle
command when a user presses the button 320. In another embodiment
(not shown), the logic 420 is configured to recognize a separate
"on" command and "off" command. In yet another embodiment (not
shown), the logic 420 is configured to recognize a "dim" or
"brightness" command or a "color change" command. When the logic
420 receives a command, the logic 420 outputs a control message
containing the command and a channel number. In one embodiment, the
logic 420 receives the channel number from a user input device. In
an alternative embodiment, the logic 420 looks up the channel
number in a memory (not shown). In another alternative embodiment,
the processor generates a random number to use as a channel
number.
[0113] FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of one embodiment of a remote
control 500 in communication with a wireless lighting module 510.
In the illustrated embodiment, the user selects a channel number on
the remote control 500 through a channel number input 520.
Exemplary channel number inputs 520 include DIP switches, buttons,
dials, knobs, a keypad, an LED touch-screen, or any other known
input device. In an alternative embodiment, a user may select more
than one channel number to communicate with a plurality of wireless
lighting modules. In other alternative embodiments, the channel
number may be preprogrammed, randomly generated, or previously
stored in a memory. The user then enters a command through a
command input 530. Exemplary command inputs 530 include buttons,
switches, dials, knobs, a keypad, an LED touch-screen, or any other
known input device. The command may be an "on/off" toggle command,
an "on" command, an "off" command, a "dim" command, a "brightness"
command, a "color change" command, or a timer command.
[0114] After a user inputs a command through the command input 530,
logic 540 encodes the channel number and the command and instructs
an RF transmitter 550 to transmit an RF signal that includes the
encoded channel number and command. In one embodiment, the RF
transmitter 550 transmits RF signals at a frequency of 433 MHz. In
alternative embodiments, the RF transmitter may transmit at a user
selected-frequency or at any predetermined frequency.
[0115] In one embodiment, the RF signal is transmitted once. In an
alternative embodiment, the RF signal is transmitted a
predetermined number of times, or for a predetermined time period.
If more than one RF signal is transmitted, each transmission may be
separated by a predetermined interval.
[0116] With continued reference to FIG. 5, the wireless lighting
module 510 includes an RF receiver 560 that monitors for RF signals
at a predetermined frequency. In one embodiment, the RF receiver
560 periodically monitors for RF signals. In an alternative
embodiment, the RF receiver 560 continuously monitors for RF
signals. When an RF signal is received, the signal is transmitted
to logic 570, where the signal is decoded. In one embodiment, the
logic 570 reads the decoded channel number and compares the decoded
channel number to a module channel number. The module channel
number may be selected by a user via a channel input device (not
shown), or it may be pre-programmed.
[0117] If the decoded channel number matches the module channel
number, the logic 570 processes the decoded command. For example,
if the command is an on/off toggle command, the logic 570 will
instruct an LED controller 580 to toggle a plurality of LEDs 590.
If the command is an "on" command, the logic 570 will determine if
the plurality of LEDs 590 are in an "on" state. If the LEDs 590 are
not in an "on" state, the logic 570 will instruct the LED
controller 580 to activate the plurality of LEDs 590.
[0118] In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the RF transmitter
550 and the RF receiver 560 are replaced with RF transceivers, thus
allowing two-way communication. In this embodiment, the remote
control is programmed to repeatedly transmit a command signal until
a confirmation signal is received. Additionally, the lighting
module is programmed to transmit a confirmation signal upon receipt
of an RF signal, or upon a decoded channel number matching a module
channel number. According to another example, RF transceivers can
enable providing the remote control 500 with feedback concerning a
state associated with the wireless lighting module 510 (e.g.,
whether the LEDs 590 are in an "on" state, an "off" state, a color
of the LEDs 590, an intensity of the LEDs 590.), battery life, and
so forth. Moreover, RF transceivers can allow the wireless lighting
module 510 to communicate with disparate wireless lighting
module(s) (e.g., to repeat signals).
[0119] FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of an alternative embodiment
of a wireless lighting module 600. In this embodiment, the wireless
lighting module 600 is not controlled by a remote control, but is
instead motion-controlled. The wireless lighting module 600
includes a passive infrared sensor 610 configured to detect motion.
In one embodiment, the passive infrared sensor 610 has a range of
approximately 5 feet and a viewing angle of 110 degrees. In
alternative embodiments, the passive infrared sensor 610 may have a
range and viewing angle of any known passive infrared sensor. In
one alternative embodiment, the passive infrared sensor 610 is
removably connected to the wireless lighting module 600 so that a
user may connect any appropriate sensor. In some embodiments, the
passive infrared sensor 610 may be replaced or enhanced by a radar
sensor, an ultrasound sensor, or any and all other form of motion
sensor.
[0120] In embodiments, any and all sensors may include a detection
threshold or false detection rate that can be configured according
to a user's preference. For example and without limitation, a light
sensor may be configured to detect when incoming light crosses a
user-preferred intensity threshold. A variety of other such
examples will be appreciated, all of which are within the scope of
the present disclosure.
[0121] In embodiments, a Fresnel lens may enable motion detection.
Some motion detectors may include a Fresnel lens that guides
infrared light over a pyroelectric material in a substantially
repeating pattern as a heat source (such as a person, vehicle, and
so on) passes in front of the lens. In embodiments, the Fresnel
lens may be selected to provide a desired zone of coverage. It will
be understood that a variety of embodiments of motion detectors
including the Fresnel lens are possible.
[0122] With continued reference to FIG. 6, when the passive
infrared sensor 610 detects motion, logic 620 determines if the
motion is above a predetermined threshold. If the motion is above
the predetermined threshold, the logic 620 instructs an LED
controller 630 to turn on at least one LED 640. After the at least
one LED 640 is turned on, the logic 620 starts a timer. The logic
620 will then instruct the LED controller 630 to turn off the at
least one LED 640 if no motion is detected before the timer reaches
a predetermined threshold.
[0123] The wireless lighting module 600 further includes at least
one battery 650. The battery 650 supplies power to the logic 620,
the LED controller 630, the at least one LED 640, and any other
additional electric components. Further, the battery 650 can supply
power to the passive infrared sensor 610. In one embodiment, the at
least one battery 650 includes 3 "AAA" alkaline batteries. In an
alternative embodiment, the at least one battery 650 includes 3 "C"
alkaline batteries. In other embodiments, the at least one battery
650 may be any number of known batteries, including without
limitation all known alkaline and nickel-cadmium batteries. It is
to be appreciated that any number and type of rechargeable and/or
non-rechargeable batteries can be utilized in connection with the
claimed subject matter.
[0124] With reference to FIG. 7, illustrated is a block diagram of
a system 700 that provides illumination with a wireless light.
System 700 includes a wireless lighting module 702 that can further
comprise an interface component 704, a battery 706, an LED
controller 708, LEDs 710, and/or logic 712. The wireless lighting
module 702 can be incorporated into a housing (not shown). It is
contemplated that any size and/or shape housing can be employed
with the wireless lighting module 702. According to another
illustration, the housing can include at least a portion that is
moveable (e.g., manually by a user, automatically with a motor or
the like) to allow for directing emitted light. For example, a
remote control can provide a signal to manipulate a moveable
portion of the housing. Moreover, the housing can orient the LEDs
710 in substantially any manner to provide general lighting (e.g.,
illuminating an indoor or outdoor area), task lighting (e.g.,
reading), accent lighting, and so forth.
[0125] The interface component 704 can receive an input from a
disparate device (e.g., the remote control 500 of FIG. 5, the
passive infrared sensor 610 of FIG. 6). The interface component 704
can provide various adaptors, connectors, channels, communication
paths, etc. to enable interaction with the disparate device.
Pursuant to an illustration, the input can be wirelessly
transmitted (e.g., via an RF signal, an IR signal) from the
disparate device to the interface component 704; thus, the
interface component 704 can be a receiver and/or a transceiver that
obtains the wirelessly transferred signal. By way of example, an
infrared sensor or motion sensor can monitor occupancy in an
environment and, upon detecting presence within the monitored
environment, the sensor can transmit a wireless input to the
interface component 704. It is to be appreciated that any type of
sensors can be utilized in connection with the claimed subject
matter such as, but not limited to, infrared sensors, light
sensors, proximity sensors, acoustic sensors, motion sensors,
carbon monoxide and/or smoke detectors, thermal sensors,
electromagnetic sensors, mechanical sensors, pressure sensors,
chemical sensors, and the like. According to another example, any
type of remote control can wirelessly communicate with the
interface component 704. For instance, the remote control can be a
stand-alone remote control (e.g., the remote control 300 of FIG. 3)
and/or incorporated into a disparate device (e.g., incorporated
into a key fob, a programmable wireless transceiver integrated in
an automobile.). Moreover, the remote control can be a personal
computer, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a laptop, a handheld
communication device, a handheld computing device, a global
positioning system, a personal digital assistant (PDA), and/or any
other suitable device; such devices can communicate directly with
the interface component 704 and/or via a network (e.g., local area
network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), cellular network). In
accord with another example, radio frequency identification (RFID)
can be utilized to provide the input to the interface component
704. As such, an RFID tag associated with a user can be detected
when in range of the interface component 704, and lighting
preferences of the particular user (e.g., retained in memory) can
be effectuated in response to his or her detected presence.
[0126] Additionally or alternatively, the interface component 704
can be a sensor that can monitor a condition associated with the
wireless lighting module 702 to generate the input. According to
another example, the interface component 704 can be a connector,
port, etc. that couples to such sensor.
[0127] Further, the interface component 704 can wirelessly transmit
data (e.g., feedback, related to a current and/or anticipated
future state) to a remote device and/or sensor. By way of another
example, the interface component 704 can wirelessly communicate
with an interface component of a disparate wireless lighting module
to enable coordinated operation between more than one wireless
lighting module. Following this example, an input can be
retransmitted within a network of wireless lighting modules, where
the network of lighting modules can be dispersed within a
geographic area.
[0128] An interface component 704 integrated into the wireless
lighting module 702 that allows it to be used stand alone, a sensor
on the wireless lighting module 702 used for input or by a remote
control that provides input wirelessly to the wireless lighting
module 702, as described herein (i.e. not connected by wire to the
wireless lighting module 702) is defined as wireless control.
Wireless control allows the installation of the wireless lighting
module 702 in any indoor or outdoor location where light may be
desired without the need for a wired connection to control it.
[0129] The battery 706 can be any number and/or type of battery.
For instance, the battery 706 can be a rechargeable battery.
According to another example, the battery 706 can be a
non-rechargeable battery. The battery 706 supplies power to the
wireless lighting module 702 to enable installing, moving,
replacing, etc. the wireless lighting module 702 at substantially
any indoor or outdoor location while mitigating the need for
expensive and time consuming wiring and/or utilization of
aesthetically unpleasing and potentially inconvenient cords
commonly associated with conventional lighting.
[0130] The LED controller 708 can obtain instructions from the
logic 712 to control operation of the LEDs 710. The LED controller
708, for example, can receive and effectuate instructions to switch
one or more LEDs 710 on and/or off, change an intensity of
illumination (e.g., brightness), switch a wavelength of light
emitted from the LEDs 710 (e.g., to change light color), manipulate
direction of illumination (e.g., by moving, rotating, etc. one or
more of the LEDs 710) and the like. Further, it is contemplated
that any number, type, color, arrangement, etc. of LEDs 710 can be
utilized with the wireless lighting module 702.
[0131] The logic 712 employs the input obtained by the interface
component 704. The logic 712 can further include a state
modification component 714, a timer component 716, an intensity
regulation component 718, and/or a wavelength control component
720; however, it is to be appreciated that the logic 712 can
include a subset of these components 714-720. The state
modification component 714 utilizes the input obtained via the
interface component 704 to generate an instruction to change a
state of one of more of the LEDs 710. The state modification
component 714 effectuates transitioning one or more LEDs 710 to an
on state, an off state, etc. Further, the state modification
component 714 can yield commands to strobe one or more LEDs 710
(e.g., periodically turning LED(s) 710 on and off with
substantially any periodicity). According to an example, the state
modification component 714 can decipher that a received input
pertains to one or more of the LEDs 710. Moreover, the state
modification component 714 can analyze the input to determine
whether to instruct the LED controller 708 to change the state
(e.g., compare an input from a sensor to a threshold, evaluate
whether a condition has been met, based upon retrieved instructions
corresponding to the input retained in memory.).
[0132] The timer component 716 can operate in conjunction with the
state modification component 714. For instance, the timer component
716 can enable delaying state changes. Thus, turning the LEDs 710
on or off can be delayed for an amount of time by the timer
component 716. Further, the amount of time for the delay can be
predetermined, randomly selected, included with the input obtained
by the interface component 704 (e.g., based on a number of times a
button of a remote control is depressed), etc. According to another
example, the timer component 716 can conserve battery life by
enabling the state modification component 714 to switch the LEDs
710 to an off state at a particular time of day, after an elapsed
amount of time subsequent to an input that turned the LEDs 710 to
the on state, and so forth. Pursuant to another illustration, the
timer component 716 can operate in conjunction with the intensity
regulation component 718 and/or the wavelength control component
720 described below.
[0133] The intensity regulation component 718 can alter the
intensity (e.g., brightness) of the LEDs 710 based upon the
received input from the interface component 704. The intensity can
be changed by the intensity regulation component 718 adjusting a
proportion of LEDs 710 in an on state to LEDs 710 in an off state.
Additionally or alternatively, the intensity regulation component
718 can control the intensity of light emitted by each of the LEDs
710. According to an example, the interface component 704 can
obtain RFID related input that identifies the presence of a
particular user, and this user can have lighting preferences stored
in memory (not shown) associated with the wireless lighting module
702. Following this example, the particular user's preferences may
indicate that she desires the LEDs 710 to be dimly lit, which can
be effectuated by the intensity regulation component 718. Pursuant
to another example, upon a smoke detector or carbon monoxide
detector sensing smoke or carbon monoxide, respectively, the
intensity regulation component 718 can increase the brightness of
the illumination of the LEDs 710 to a highest level (e.g., while
the state modification component 714 can strobe the LEDs 710, the
wavelength control component 720 can change the color). It is to be
appreciated, however, that the claimed subject matter is not
limited to the aforementioned examples.
[0134] The wavelength control component 720 can change the
wavelength (e.g., color) of light generated by the LEDs 710 as a
function of the input obtained by the interface component 704. For
example, the LEDs 710 can be color changing LEDs, and the
wavelength control component 720 can yield commands to adjust the
color based upon the input obtained by the interface component 704.
By way of another example, the LEDs 710 can include subsets of LEDs
that yield differing colors, and the wavelength control component
720 can select which of the LEDs 710 to turn to the on state to
yield the desired color.
[0135] FIGS. 8-9 illustrate methodologies in accordance with the
claimed subject matter. For simplicity of explanation, the
methodologies are depicted and described as a series of acts. It is
to be understood and appreciated that the subject innovation is not
limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the order of acts, for
example acts can occur in various orders and/or concurrently, and
with other acts not presented and described herein. Furthermore,
not all illustrated acts may be required to implement the
methodologies in accordance with the claimed subject matter. In
addition, those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate
that the methodologies could alternatively be represented as a
series of interrelated states via a state diagram or events.
[0136] With reference to FIG. 8, illustrated is a methodology 800
that facilitates selectively emitting light in accordance with a
wireless input. At 802, an input can be wirelessly received to
control illumination of an array of LEDs powered by a battery. The
input can be obtained from any type of source (e.g., remote
control, disparate wireless lighting module, differing device,
sensor). Moreover, the input can be provided from the source via an
RF signal, an IR signal, and so forth. At 804, the input can be
analyzed to determine whether to alter the illumination of the
array of LEDs. For example, if the input provides a command to
change the LEDs to an on state while the LEDs are currently in an
off state, an instruction can be yielded to change the LEDs to the
on state. According to another illustration, an amount of elapsed
time can be tracked to identify when to effectuate a change in
illumination. At 806, the illumination of the array of LEDs can be
selectively adjusted based on the analyzed input. For example, LEDs
can be transitioned to a differing state (e.g., turned on, turned
off), intensity of LEDs can be altered, color emitted can be
changed, and so forth.
[0137] Now referring to FIG. 9, illustrated is a methodology 900
that facilitates selectively emitting light based upon input from a
sensor. At 902, a condition within an environment can be monitored.
The condition can relate to motion, presence, pressure,
temperature, location, sound, chemicals, light, or any condition
that can be tracked with a sensor. At 904, a determination can be
effectuated relating to whether to alter illumination of an array
of LEDs powered by a battery based upon the monitored condition.
For example, the determination can be made by comparing the
monitored condition to a threshold. Moreover, a current state
associated with the array of LEDs can be evaluated to determine
whether a change in illumination should be effectuated. At 906, the
illumination of the array of LEDs can be selectively altered based
on the monitored condition. Thus, for example, LEDs can be
transitioned to an on state when motion is detected. By way of
further illustration, the LEDs can be turned off when no motion is
detected (e.g., for more than a predetermined amount of time).
[0138] Turning to FIG. 10, illustrated is a block diagram of a
wireless lighting system 1000. The wireless lighting system 1000
includes a wireless light bulb 1002 that can mechanically couple to
any type of fixture 1004. The fixture 1004 can be any size, shape,
type, etc. of lighting fixture that can include any size, shape,
type, etc. of socket with which the wireless light bulb 1002 can
physically connect. Pursuant to an illustration, the fixture 1004
can be a free-standing or portable fixture, a recessed fixture, a
surface mounted fixture, a sconce, a track light fixture, a pendant
light fixture, an outdoor fixture (e.g., pole mounted, stanchion
mounted, pathway lighting fixture), a lamp, and so forth. Thus, for
example, the fixture 1004 can include an Edison socket and the
wireless light bulb 1002 can comprise a screw base that can be
physically coupled with the Edison socket of the fixture 1004.
Further, the wireless light bulb 1002 can include any type, size,
shape, etc. of fitting that can be compatible with a corresponding
socket of the fixture 1004 (e.g., the fitting can include a screw
base, a bayonet (push twist) base, wedge base, locking base, pin
base). Moreover, it is contemplated that the wireless light bulb
1002 and the fixture 1004 can be electrically coupled when
mechanically coupled and/or the wireless light bulb 1002 and the
fixture 1004 can be mechanically coupled without electrical
coupling.
[0139] The wireless light bulb 1002 can further include a light
source 1006, a power source 1008, a control component 1010 and/or
an input component 1012 (e.g., the light source 1006, the power
source 1008, the control component 1010 and/or the input component
1012 can be integrated into a housing (not shown) of the wireless
light bulb 1002). The light source 1006 can be any type, number,
size, shape, etc. of lamp. For example, the light source 1006 can
be one or more of incandescent, halogen, gas discharge,
fluorescent, compact fluorescent, fiber optic, induction, light
emitting diode (LED), etc. source(s). According to an illustration,
the light source 1006 can include a plurality of LEDs that can be
positioned at substantially any location with respect to one
another. Following this illustration, the plurality of LEDs can be
arranged in an array that can disperse light over a desired area;
however, the claimed subject matter is not so limited. By way of
another example, the wireless light bulb 1002 can include a housing
(not shown) constructed of plastic, metal, and/or substantially any
matter. For instance, at least a portion of the housing can enable
light emitted by the light source 1006 to pass through it (e.g., at
least a portion of the housing can be a light-transmitting material
that can be transparent, translucent, frosted, colored).
Additionally or alternatively, light generated by the light source
1006 need not traverse through the housing (e.g., the light source
1006 can be positioned upon the surface of the housing and/or the
light need not propagate through a light-transmitting cover).
[0140] Further, the power source 1008 can be coupled to the light
source 1006 (and/or disparate components of the wireless light bulb
1002) to supply power for operation of the light source 1006
(and/or the disparate components). For instance, the power source
1008 can provide direct current (DC) power to the light source 1006
(and/or disparate components of the wireless light bulb 1002).
According to an example, the power source 1008 can be one or more
batteries. For instance, the power source 1008 can be any number,
size, and type of rechargeable (e.g., nickel-cadmium) and/or
non-rechargeable (e.g., alkaline) batteries. Pursuant to a further
illustration, the power source 1008 can be a solar cell. Moreover,
the power source 1008 can be a combination of a solar cell and one
or more batteries. Thus, for instance, a battery can supplement
power supplied by the solar cell (or vice versa) and/or the solar
cell can recharge a battery. In accordance with a further
illustration, the power source 1008 can wirelessly obtain power
(e.g., to be utilized directly, employed to recharge batteries);
for instance, power can be wirelessly delivered to the power source
1008 via collecting RF energy from the environment, electromagnetic
induction, wave coupling, converting motion or heat to electrical
energy, and the like.
[0141] In some embodiments, the power source 1008 may include
alternating-current circuitry, including an AC/DC converter or a
battery recharging circuit. The AC/DC converter may include a
capacitor/diode bridge, a fly back converter, or a constant current
circuit, and so on. It will be understood that a variety of AC/DC
converters are possible.
[0142] By way of an example, the wireless light bulb 1002 can
physically couple with the fixture 1004 to support the wireless
light bulb 1002 in a particular position, yet electrical current
need not flow between the fixture 1004 and the wireless light bulb
1002. Thus, the fixture 1004 can be installed at substantially any
location without needing to supply power (e.g., via hard-wiring the
fixture 1004); hence, the fixture 1004 can be physically placed,
secured, mounted, installed, etc. in a locale without being
hard-wired to a power source. In contrast, conventional techniques
oftentimes employ hard-wired fixtures that can provide alternating
current (AC) power to light bulbs coupled therewith.
[0143] According to another illustration, the fixture 1004 can
provide AC power that can be leveraged by the wireless light bulb
1002 in addition to or instead of the power source 1008. For
example, the wireless light bulb 1002 can lack the power source
1008 integrated therein, and the AC power from the fixture 1004 can
power the wireless light bulb 1002. Additionally or alternatively,
the wireless light bulb 1002 can include the power source 1008, and
the power source 1008 can be a battery backup for the wireless
light bulb 1002, for instance. Thus, upon detecting an AC power
outage, the wireless light bulb 1002 can switch to utilizing the
power source 1008 (e.g., one or more batteries) to supply power to
the wireless light bulb 1002.
[0144] The wireless light bulb 1002 further includes the control
component 1010 that manages operation of the light source 1006. For
instance, the control component 1010 can switch the light source
1006 to an on state and/or an off state. Moreover, the control
component 1010 can alter intensity, brightness, color (e.g.,
wavelength, frequency), etc. of the light yielded by the light
source 1006.
[0145] The input component 1012 can obtain any type of input signal
that can be leveraged by the control component 1010 to manipulate
operation of the light source 1006. Thus, the input component 1012
can be a radio frequency (RF) receiver that can obtain an RF signal
communicated from an RF transmitter (not shown) that can be
utilized by the control component 1010 to control operation of the
light source 1006. According to this example, the RF signal can be
deciphered by the control component 1010 to effectuate switching
the light source 1006 to an on or off state, changing a light color
or a light intensity provided by the light source 1006, and the
like. Additionally or alternatively, the input component 1012 can
be one or more sensors that monitor a condition, and monitored
information yielded by such sensor(s) can be utilized to effectuate
adjustments associated with the light source 1006. According to
another example, the input component 1012 can be a connector, port,
etc. that couples to a disparate device, sensor, etc. to receive
the input signal.
[0146] According to an example, the light source 1006, the power
source 1008, the control component 1010 and the input component
1012 can be integrated into the housing of the wireless light bulb
1002. Thus, the wireless light bulb 1002 can be mechanically
coupled with the fixture 1004 and the wireless light bulb 1002 can
be utilized regardless whether the fixture 1004 provides power
(e.g., AC power and/or DC power). Moreover, conventional lighting
systems can include a typical light bulb that can couple with an
adapter that can sense motion, where the adapter can further couple
to a socket of a light fixture, for example; however, such common
sensors are oftentimes not integrated into the light bulb (e.g.,
due to a typical light bulb lifespan) and rather are stand alone
devices. Pursuant to another illustration, the light source 1006,
the control component 1010 and the input component 1012 can be
integrated into the housing of the wireless light bulb 1002, and
power (e.g., AC power) can be provided from the fixture 1004 when
coupled thereto.
[0147] The housing of the wireless light bulb 1002 or the light
source 1006 may include any number of optical elements. The optical
elements may serve to focus, diffuse, filter, collimate, or
otherwise affect light produced by the light source 1006. In
embodiments, the optical elements may include one or more lenses,
reflectors, optical filters, apertures, and so on. The lenses may
be fixed, a multiple lens array, adjustable, and so on. In some
embodiments, the optical elements may be electrically adjustable.
For example, an electric motor may be coupled to the aperture in
order to adjust the aperture in response to a control signal (e.g.
an RF signal, an IR signal, a signal generated by a logic circuit,
and so on). For another example, the lens may be a liquid lens
whose focus can be changed by direct application of an electrical
potential. Generally, the direction, brightness, beam
characteristics, or the like of the wireless light bulb 1002 may be
variably affected by the optical elements that are responsive to
the control signals. Numerous other such examples will be readily
appreciated, and all such examples are within the scope of the
present disclosure.
[0148] The following provides an illustration related to the
wireless lighting system 1000. For instance, any type of fixture
1004 can be obtained and installed at substantially any location
without needing to wire the fixture 1004. Rather, the fixture 1004
can be mounted, positioned, etc. and can thereafter be utilized to
physically hold the wireless light bulb 1002. Therefore, if a
fixture is lacking in a particular location where substantial
difficulty can be encountered in connection with wiring the fixture
to provide power thereto if installed, the fixture can instead be
physically placed, mounted, attached, etc. in the location without
electrically wiring the fixture (and/or without electrically wiring
a switch to control operation of the fixture). Moreover, the
wireless light bulb 1002 can be mechanically coupled to the fixture
1004 (e.g., a fitting of the wireless light bulb 1002 can be
attached to a socket of the fixture 1004) and can leverage the
power source 1008 (e.g., one or more batteries) and input component
1012 incorporated therein as described above.
[0149] Turning to FIG. 11, illustrated is a block diagram of a
wireless lighting system 1100 that utilizes RF signaling to control
lighting. The system 1100 includes the wireless light bulb 1002,
which can further comprise the light source 1006 (e.g., LED(s)),
the power source 1008, and the control component 1010 as described
above (e.g., which can be integrated in the wireless light bulb
1002). Moreover, the wireless light bulb 1002 can include an RF
receiver 1102 that can obtain a data stream of RF signals that can
be decoded and employed by the control component 1010.
[0150] The RF receiver 1102 can monitor for RF signals at a
predetermined frequency. For instance, the RF receiver 1102 can
periodically monitor for RF signals. Alternatively, the RF receiver
1102 can continuously monitor for RF signals. When an RF signal is
received, the signal can be decoded (e.g., by the control component
1010, a processor (not shown)).
[0151] The RF receiver 1102 can receive RF signals communicated by
a remote control 1104. The remote control 1104 can be positioned at
substantially any location (e.g., within range of the RF receiver
1102). Moreover, the remote control 1104 can be employed by a user
to operate the wireless light bulb 1002 from a distance. For
instance, the remote control 1104 can be located at the top of a
stairway and can transmit RF signals to the wireless light bulb
1002 positioned at the bottom of the stairway, where the wireless
light bulb 1002 can be mechanically coupled to a fixture located
downstairs with or without electrical coupling to a power source
(e.g., AC power source). The remote control 1104 can further
include a command input component 1106 and an RF transmitter 1108.
Moreover, although not depicted, it is contemplated that the remote
control 1104 can include a power source (e.g., one or more
batteries). It is also contemplated that the remote control can use
AC power as its power source. For example, the remote control
function could be a replacement for a traditional light switch such
that instead of a toggle switch that makes or breaks AC power to a
socket or fixture, the remote control is a wall switch plate that
replaces the traditional light switch plate and contains an AC to
DC circuit along with an RF transmitter that controls a wireless
light bulb with an RF receiver as an input component.
[0152] According to an example, the remote control 1104 can be
attachable to a surface such as a wall. Pursuant to another
illustration, the remote control 1104 can be attachable to a
keychain. However, it is contemplated that the claimed subject
matter is not limited to the aforementioned examples.
[0153] The command input component 1106 can be one or more buttons,
dials, toggles, switches, levers, knobs, an LED touch screen, a
keypad, or any such controls that can obtain user input commands.
According to another illustration, the command input component 1106
can be a touch screen device with which a user can interact. The
command input component 1106 can receive commands to switch the
light source 1006 on, switch the light source 1006 off, toggle
whether the light source 1006 is on or off, dim or brighten light
generated by the light source 1006, change the color of the light
yielded by the light source 1006, and so forth.
[0154] Moreover, the RF transmitter 1108 can transfer command(s)
obtained via the command input component 1106 to the RF receiver
1102 of the wireless light bulb 1002. It is contemplated, however,
that an infrared (IR) receiver and transmitter can be employed in
addition to or instead of the RF receiver 1102 and RF transmitter
1108. Moreover, it is to be appreciated that the RF receiver 1102
and/or RF transmitter 1108 can be transceivers that can receive and
transmit data. Such transceivers can enable two-way communication.
Thus, for instance, the remote control 1104 can be configured to
repeatedly transmit a command signal until a configuration signal
is received from the wireless light bulb 1002. Additionally, the
wireless light bulb 1002 can transmit a confirmation signal upon
receipt of an RF signal. According to another example, RF
transceivers can enable providing the remote control 1104 with
feedback concerning a state associated with the wireless light bulb
1002 (e.g., whether the light source 1006 is in an on state, an off
state, a color and/or intensity of light yielded by the light
source 1006), battery life, and so forth. Moreover, RF transceivers
can allow the wireless light bulb 1002 to communicate with
disparate wireless light bulb(s) (e.g., to repeat signals,
coordinate actions). Pursuant to a further example, the transceiver
can enable sending power usage data corresponding to the wireless
light bulb 1002 to a disparate device (e.g., for storage, tracking,
statistical analysis, billing).
[0155] According to another illustration, the remote control 1104
can manipulate any number of wireless light bulbs similar to the
wireless light bulb 1002. For instance, similar changes in
operation of any number of wireless light bulbs can be effectuated
by the remote control 1104 and/or the remote control 1104 can
communicate respective commands specific for any number of subsets
of the wireless light bulbs. Pursuant to a further example, the
remote control 1104 can encrypt data communicated to the wireless
light bulb 1002 to provide security; therefore, the wireless light
bulb 1002 (e.g., the control component 1010, a processor (not
shown)) can decrypt the data received from the remote control 1104
via the RF receiver 1102.
[0156] Now referring to FIG. 12, illustrated is another block
diagram of a system 1200 that provides wireless lighting. The
system 1200 includes the wireless light bulb 1002 that can be
removably attachable to any type of lighting fixture. Moreover, the
lighting fixture can, but need not, provide power to the wireless
light bulb 1002. The wireless light bulb 1002 can include the light
source 1006 (e.g., LED(s)), the power source 1008, and the control
component 1010. Moreover, the wireless light bulb 1002 can include
any number of sensor(s) 1202. In addition to the sensor(s) 1202,
the wireless light bulb 1002 can comprise a receiver that can
obtain wireless control signals (e.g., the RF receiver 1102) or can
lack such a receiver. According to a further example, the sensor(s)
1202 can be separate from the wireless light bulb 1002 and can
wirelessly transmit information to the wireless light bulb 1002 to
control operation thereof while lacking a wired connection to the
wireless light bulb 1002; however, the claimed subject matter is
not so limited.
[0157] It is to be appreciated that any type of sensor(s) 1202 can
be utilized in connection with the claimed subject matter. For
example, the sensor(s) 1202 can be one or more of infrared sensors,
light sensors, proximity sensors, acoustic sensors, motion sensors,
carbon monoxide and/or smoke detectors, thermal sensors,
electromagnetic sensors, mechanical sensors, chemical sensors, and
the like. According to an illustration, the wireless light bulb
1002 can include a passive infrared (PIR) sensor that can detect
motion. The control component 1010 can determine if the motion
detected by the PIR sensor is above a predetermined threshold. If
the motion is above the predetermined threshold, the control
component 1010 can switch the light source 1006 to an on state.
Moreover, the control component 1010 can enable the light source
1006 to emit light for a period of time (e.g., predetermined,
dynamically adjusted, as long as the detected motion remains above
the threshold) prior to switching the light source 1006 to an off
state. By way of another illustration, the sensor 1202 can be a
light sensor that can monitor an amount of light in an environment
(e.g., outside during differing times of day); thus, the control
component 1010 can enable the light source 1006 to switch on when
the amount of light monitored in the environment drops below a
threshold (e.g., the light source 1006 can turn on at night and
turn off during the day). In accord with another example, the
wireless light bulb 1002 can be utilized in connection with
providing an alarm (e.g., the wireless light bulb 1002 can yield a
visual alarm indication) such that the sensor 1202 can detect a
temperature of an environment or a temperature of the bulb itself,
and the control component 1010 can enable operating the light
source 1006 based upon the observed temperature (e.g., transition
the light source 1006 to an on state when the temperature exceeds a
threshold). However, the claimed subject matter is not limited to
the aforementioned examples.
[0158] With reference to FIG. 13, illustrated is a block diagram of
a system 1300 that provides illumination with a wireless light. The
system 1300 includes the wireless light bulb 1002 that can further
comprise the light source 1006 (e.g., one or more LEDs), the power
source 1008, the control component 1010, and/or the input component
1012. The wireless light bulb 1002 can be incorporated into a
housing (not shown). It is contemplated that any size and/or shape
housing can be employed with the wireless light bulb 1002.
According to another illustration, the housing can include at least
a portion that is moveable (e.g., manually by a user, automatically
with a motor or the like) to allow for directing emitted light. For
example, a remote control can provide a signal to manipulate a
moveable portion of the housing. Moreover, the housing can orient
the light source 1006 in substantially any manner to provide
general lighting (e.g., illuminating an indoor or outdoor area),
task lighting (e.g., reading), accent lighting, and so forth.
[0159] The input component 1012 can receive an input from a
disparate device (e.g., the remote control 1104 of FIG. 11, a
stand-alone sensor). The input component 1012 can provide various
adaptors, connectors, channels, communication paths, etc. to enable
interaction with the disparate device. Pursuant to an illustration,
the input can be wirelessly transmitted (e.g., via an RF signal, an
IR signal) from the disparate device to the input component 1012;
thus, the input component 1012 can be a receiver and/or a
transceiver that obtains the wirelessly transferred signal. By way
of example, an infrared sensor or motion sensor can monitor
occupancy in an environment and, upon detecting presence within the
monitored environment, the sensor can transmit a wireless input to
the input component 1012. It is to be appreciated that any type of
sensors can be utilized in connection with the claimed subject
matter such as, but not limited to, infrared sensors, light
sensors, proximity sensors, acoustic sensors, motion sensors,
carbon monoxide and/or smoke detectors, thermal sensors,
electromagnetic sensors, mechanical sensors, chemical sensors, and
the like.
[0160] According to another example, any type of remote control can
wirelessly communicate with the input component 1012. For instance,
the remote control can be a stand-alone remote control (e.g., the
remote control 1104 of FIG. 11) and/or incorporated into a
disparate device (e.g., incorporated into a key fob, a programmable
wireless transceiver integrated in an automobile). Moreover, the
remote control can be a personal computer, a cellular phone, a
smart phone, a laptop, a handheld communication device, a handheld
computing device, a global positioning system, a personal digital
assistant (PDA), and/or any other suitable device; such devices can
communicate directly with the input component 1012 and/or via a
network (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN),
cellular network). By communicating via a network, the wireless
light bulb 1002 can be controlled from a remote location (e.g., an
individual can control the wireless light bulb 1002 in her home by
utilizing a device in her office). Moreover, the aforementioned
devices can be utilized to wirelessly program the wireless light
bulb 1002. For instance, operation of a plurality of wireless light
bulbs can be programmed from a personal computer (e.g., an RF
transmitter can be coupled to a USB port of the computer to
communicate with the input component 1012, the wireless light bulbs
can be programmed to switch on and off at certain times of
day).
[0161] In accord with another example, radio frequency
identification (RFID) can be utilized to provide the input to the
input component 1012. As such, an RFID tag associated with a user
can be detected when in range of the input component 1012, and
lighting preferences of the particular user (e.g., retained in
memory) can be effectuated in response to his or her detected
presence. By way of illustration, when an individual walks into a
room in her house with an RFID tag, presence of the RFID tag can be
observed by the input component(s) 1012 and the wireless light
bulb(s) in the room can switch on, intensity, color, and/or
direction of the light(s) can be altered, and so forth; however,
the claimed subject matter is not so limited. It is also
appreciated that the RFID tag can be read by a RFID reader, the
identification of the individual can processed by a software
program running on a computer or server and subsequently the
computer or server can switch on, intensity, color, and/or
direction of the light(s) can be altered, and so forth based on a
stored profile for that individual.
[0162] Additionally or alternatively, the input component 1012 can
be a sensor that can monitor a condition associated with the
wireless light bulb 1002 to generate the input as described in
connection with FIG. 12. According to another example, the input
component 1012 can be a connector, port, etc. that couples to such
sensor.
[0163] Further, the input component 1012 can wirelessly transmit
data (e.g., feedback, related to a current and/or anticipated
future state) to a remote device and/or sensor. By way of another
example, the input component 1012 can wirelessly communicate with
an input component of a disparate wireless light bulb to enable
coordinated operation between more than one wireless light bulb.
Following this example, an input can be retransmitted within a
network of wireless light bulbs, where the network of light bulbs
can be dispersed within a geographic area.
[0164] The power source 1008 can be any number and/or type of
batteries. For instance, the battery can be a rechargeable battery.
According to another example, the battery can be a non-rechargeable
battery. The battery supplies power to the wireless light bulb 1002
to enable installing, moving, replacing, etc. the wireless light
bulb 1002 in a fixture at substantially any indoor or outdoor
location while mitigating the need for expensive and time consuming
wiring and/or utilization of aesthetically unpleasing and
potentially inconvenient cords commonly associated with
conventional lighting. Pursuant to a further example, the wireless
light bulb 1002 can obtain AC power from the fixture, and the AC
power can supplement the power provided by the power source 1008
and/or be employed instead of power from the power source 1008.
[0165] According to an example, the light source 1006 can be one or
more LEDs. It is contemplated that any number, type, color,
arrangement, etc. of LEDs can be utilized with the wireless light
bulb 1002. Further, the control component 1010 can provide
instructions to manage operation of the LED(s). For instance, the
control component 1010 can yield instructions to switch one or more
LEDs on and/or off, change an intensity of illumination (e.g.,
brightness), switch a wavelength of light emitted from the LEDs
(e.g., to change light color), manipulate direction of illumination
(e.g., by moving, rotating, etc. one or more of the LEDs) and the
like. However, the claimed subject matter is not limited to the
light source 1006 including LED(s); rather, it is contemplated that
any disparate type of light source 1006 can be employed.
[0166] The control component 1010 employs the input obtained by the
input component 1012. The control component 1010 can further
include a state modification component 1302, a timer component
1304, an intensity regulation component 1306, and/or a wavelength
control component 1308; however, it is to be appreciated that the
control component 1010 can include a subset of these components
1302-408. The state modification component 1302 utilizes the input
obtained via the input component 1012 to generate an instruction to
change a state of the light source 1006. The state modification
component 1302 effectuates transitioning the light source 1006 to
an on state, an off state, etc. Further, the state modification
component 1302 can yield commands to strobe the light source 1006
(e.g., periodically turning the light source 1006 on and off with
substantially any periodicity). According to an example, the state
modification component 1302 can decipher that a received input
pertains to the light source 1006 and/or a portion thereof (e.g., a
subset of LED(s) in an LED array). Moreover, the state modification
component 1302 can analyze the input to determine whether to yield
instructions to modify operation of the light source 1006 (e.g.,
compare an input from a sensor to a threshold, evaluate whether a
condition has been met, based upon retrieved instructions
corresponding to the input retained in memory).
[0167] The timer component 1304 can operate in conjunction with the
state modification component 1302. For instance, the timer
component 1304 can enable delaying state changes. Thus, turning the
light source 1006 on or off can be delayed for an amount of time by
the timer component 1304. Further, the amount of time for the delay
can be predetermined, randomly selected, included with the input
obtained by the input component 1012 (e.g., based on a number of
times a button of a remote control is depressed), etc. Moreover,
the timer component 1304 can enable turning the light source 1006
on and off at certain times (e.g., to create an appearance of
someone being in a house when the owner is out of town); for
instance, the timer component 1304 can enable the state
modification component 1302 to switch the state at preprogrammed
times, at times determined according to a random pattern (e.g.,
randomly switch the light source 1006 on at different times during
the day for differing lengths of time), and so forth. Additionally,
the timer component 1304 can include a clock that provides an
understanding of time of day, day, month, year, etc. for the
wireless light bulb 1002; by way of illustration, the wireless
light bulb 1002 can be synchronized with an individual's calendar
to enable randomly turning the light source 1006 on and off when
the individual is known to be away from home (e.g., a vacation,
meeting, and the like can be scheduled on the calendar), switching
the light source 1006 on when the individual is due to return home
or guests are scheduled to arrive, and so forth. According to
another example, the timer component 1304 can conserve battery life
by enabling the state modification component 1302 to switch the
light source 1006 to an off state at a particular time of day,
after an elapsed amount of time subsequent to an input that turned
the light source 1006 to the on state, and so forth. Pursuant to
another illustration, the timer component 1304 can operate in
conjunction with the intensity regulation component 1306 and/or the
wavelength control component 1308 described below.
[0168] The intensity regulation component 1306 can alter the
intensity (e.g., brightness) of the light source 1006 based upon
the received input from the input component 1012. The intensity can
be changed by the intensity regulation component 1306 adjusting a
proportion of LEDs in an on state to LEDs in an off state when the
light source 1006 includes an LED array. Additionally or
alternatively, the intensity regulation component 1306 can control
the intensity of light emitted by each of the LEDs in such an
array. Pulse width modulation can be used to adjust the intensity
of light of any or all LEDs to the desired intensity. In addition,
the intensity regulation component in conjunction with the timer
component, functions such as fade to off or fade to a low level of
light until an input component detect a condition to transition to
a full on state can also be implemented. According to an example,
the input component 1012 can obtain RFID related input that
identifies the presence of a particular user, and this user can
have lighting preferences stored in memory (not shown) associated
with the wireless light bulb 1002. Following this example, the
particular user's preferences may indicate that she desires dim
lighting, which can be effectuated by the intensity regulation
component 1306. Pursuant to another example, upon a smoke detector
or carbon monoxide detector sensing smoke or carbon monoxide,
respectively, the intensity regulation component 1306 can increase
the brightness of the illumination of the light source 1006 to a
highest level (e.g., while the state modification component 1302
can strobe the light source 1006, the wavelength control component
1308 can change the color). It is to be appreciated, however, that
the claimed subject matter is not limited to the aforementioned
examples.
[0169] The wavelength control component 1308 can change the
wavelength (e.g., color) of light generated by the light source
1006 as a function of the input obtained by the input component
1012. For example, the light source 1006 can include color changing
LEDs, and the wavelength control component 1308 can yield commands
to adjust the color based upon the input obtained by the input
component 1012. By way of another example, subsets of LEDs included
in the light source 1006 can yield differing colors, and the
wavelength control component 1308 can select which of the LED
subsets to turn to the on state to yield the desired color.
[0170] By way of further illustration, the control component 1010
can include memory (not shown) that can retain instructions,
commands, settings, preferences, calendar data, etc. associated
with the wireless light bulb 1002; additionally or alternatively,
the memory can be separate from the control component 1010 (e.g.,
the wireless light bulb 1002 can include the memory and/or the
memory can be separate from the wireless light bulb 1002). Pursuant
to an example, a user can create a lighting profile that regulates
operation of the wireless light bulb 1002; the lighting profile can
be stored in memory and thereafter retrieved (e.g., upon receipt of
input via the input component 1012) for use by the control
component 1010 (and/or the state modification component 1302, the
timer component 1304, the intensity regulation component 1306, the
wavelength control component 1308). The memory can be, for example,
either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both
volatile and nonvolatile memory. By way of illustration, and not
limitation, nonvolatile memory can include read only memory (ROM),
programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM),
electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory.
Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts
as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not
limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as static RAM
(SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data
rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), SYNCHLINK DRAM
(SLDRAM), RAMBUS direct RAM (RDRAM), direct RAMBUS dynamic RAM
(DRDRAM), and RAMBUS dynamic RAM (RDRAM). The memory of the subject
systems and methods is intended to comprise, without being limited
to, these and any other suitable types of memory. In addition, it
is to be appreciated that the memory can be a server, a database, a
hard drive, and the like. Further, the control component 1010
(and/or the wireless light bulb 1002) can include a processor (not
shown) to execute instructions described herein.
[0171] Now referring to FIG. 14, illustrated is a system 1400 that
recharges a power source (e.g., the power source 1008) integrated
within a wireless light bulb (e.g., the wireless light bulb 1002).
The system 1400 can include the wireless light bulb 1002 and the
fixture 1004. The wireless light bulb 1002 can further include the
light source 1006 (e.g., LED(s)), the power source 1008, the
control component 1010, and/or the input component 1012. The
wireless light bulb 1002 can also include a recharge component 1402
that can recharge the power source 1008. For example, the recharge
component 1402 can enable recharging the power source 1008 when the
power source 1008 comprises one or more rechargeable batteries. The
light source 1006 can generate light while the recharge component
1402 recharges the power source 1008 (e.g., the wireless light bulb
1002 can be a battery backed up AC light bulb), for instance;
however, the claimed subject matter is not so limited.
[0172] In accordance with an illustration, extended use of the
wireless light bulb 1002 can decrease a charge of the power source
1008. For instance, the wireless light bulb 1002 can be utilized
with a fixture (e.g., the fixture 1004) that lacks a connection to
a power source (e.g., electrically wired to an AC power source);
hence power for operation of the wireless light bulb 1002 can be
provided by the power source 1008. To replenish the charge of the
power source 1008, the wireless light bulb 1002 can be removed from
the fixture 1004 and can be coupled to a charger (not shown), for
example. When connected to the charger, the recharge component 1402
can increase the charge of the power source 1008. Following another
example, the recharge component 1402 can increase the charge of the
power source 1008 when the wireless light bulb 1002 is coupled to a
fixture (e.g., the fixture 1004) that is electrically connected to
an AC power source. Therefore, upon charge depletion of the power
source 1008 of the wireless light bulb 1002 when connected to a
fixture that lacks a connection to an AC power source, the wireless
light bulb 1002 can be moved to a fixture that is hard-wired to an
AC power source to enable recharging. Additionally, where the
fixture 1004 is a lamp, the lamp can be unplugged (e.g., when it is
desired to utilize the lamp positioned at a distance from an outlet
longer than a length of a cord of the lamp) and the wireless light
bulb 1002 can operate by leveraging the power source 1008, and
thereafter, the lamp can be plugged into an outlet to allow the
recharge component 1402 to increase the charge of the power source
1008. According to another illustration, the recharge component
1402 can be a solar cell (or a plurality of solar cells) that can
increase the charge of the power source 1008.
[0173] Turning to FIG. 15, illustrated is a system 1500 that
coordinates operation of a set of wireless light bulbs. The system
1500 includes a coordinated lighting group 1502 which can include
any number N of wireless light bulbs (as shown by the series of
wireless light bulbs from wireless light bulb 1504 through wireless
light bulb 1514), where N can be substantially any integer. The N
wireless light bulbs 1504-1514 can each be substantially similar to
the wireless light bulb 1002 described above. Moreover, each of the
wireless light bulbs 1504-1514 can include a respective grouping
component and transceiver (e.g., wireless light bulb 1 1504 can
include a grouping component 1506 and a transceiver 1508 and
wireless light bulb N 1506 can include a grouping component 1510
and a transceiver 1512).
[0174] The wireless light bulbs 1504-1514 in the coordinated
lighting group 1502 can be controlled with a common remote control
(e.g., the remote control 1104 of FIG. 11) and/or sensor(s), for
instance. According to another example, operation of the wireless
light bulbs 1504-1514 or a subset thereof can be coordinated. Thus,
at least a subset of the wireless light bulbs 1504-1514 can
concurrently switch from an on state to an off state, or vice
versa, when the respective transceivers 1508, 1512 obtain such an
input signal from the common remote control and/or sensor(s). It is
to be appreciated that the coordinated lighting group 1502 can be
programmed in substantially any manner to manage operations of the
wireless light bulbs 1504-1514 as a group.
[0175] The grouping components 1506, 1510 can enable the
coordinated lighting group 1502 to be assembled. For instance, the
grouping components 1506, 1510 can allow each of the wireless light
bulbs 1504-1514 to be assigned to operate upon a particular RF
frequency (e.g., channel). Thus, the grouping components 1506, 1510
can select the channel corresponding to the coordinated lighting
group 1502 for each respective wireless light bulb 1504-1514. For
example, the channel can be user selected, preprogrammed, randomly
generated, previously stored in memory, etc. According to another
illustration, the grouping components 1506, 1510 can learn the
channel related to the coordinated lighting group 1502. Following
this illustration, when initializing the wireless light bulb 1
1504, the transceiver 1508 can obtain a setup signal from a remote
control, sensor, etc. associated with the coordinated lighting
group 1502, and the grouping component 1506 can utilize the setup
signal to learn the channel associated with the remote control,
sensor, etc. However, it is contemplated that the claimed subject
matter is not limited to the aforementioned examples.
[0176] FIGS. 15-16 illustrate methodologies in accordance with the
claimed subject matter. For simplicity of explanation, the
methodologies are depicted and described as a series of acts. It is
to be understood and appreciated that the subject innovation is not
limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the order of acts, for
example acts can occur in various orders and/or concurrently, and
with other acts not presented and described herein. Furthermore,
not all illustrated acts may be required to implement the
methodologies in accordance with the claimed subject matter. In
addition, those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate
that the methodologies could alternatively be represented as a
series of interrelated states via a state diagram or events.
[0177] With reference to FIG. 16, illustrated is a methodology 1600
that facilitates selectively emitting light in accordance with a
wireless input. At 1602, an input can be wirelessly obtained with a
receiver integrated in a light bulb. The input can control
illumination of a light source of the light bulb. Further, the
input can be obtained from any type of source (e.g., remote
control, disparate wireless light bulb, differing device, sensor).
Moreover, the input can be provided from the source via an RF
signal, an IR signal, and so forth. At 1604, the input can be
analyzed to determine whether to adjust the illumination of the
light source. For example, the light source can include one or more
LEDs. Following this example, if the input provides a command to
toggle the state of the LEDs, then an instruction can be yielded to
switch the LEDs from an on state to an off state (or vice versa).
At 1606, the illumination of the light source can be selectively
altered based on the analyzed input. For example, the light source
can be switched to an on state or an off state, the intensity or
color of light emitted by the light source can be modified, and the
like.
[0178] Turning now to FIG. 17, illustrated is a methodology 1700
that facilitates selectively emitting light based upon input from a
sensor. At 1702, a condition within an environment can be monitored
with a sensor integrated in a light bulb. The sensor, for example,
can be one or more infrared sensors, light sensors, proximity
sensors, acoustic sensors, motion sensors, carbon monoxide and/or
smoke detectors, thermal sensors, electromagnetic sensors,
mechanical sensors, chemical sensors, and the like. At 1704, a
determination can be effectuated regarding whether to alter
illumination of a light source powered by a battery based upon the
monitored condition, where the light source and the battery can be
integrated in the light bulb. For example, the determination can be
made by comparing the monitored condition to a threshold.
Additionally, the determination can be based at least in part upon
considerations related to a current state associated with the light
source, a charge level of the battery, and so forth. At 1706, the
illumination of the light source can be selectively adjusted based
on the monitored condition. Pursuant to an illustration, the light
source can be switched to an on state when a darkness level exceeds
a threshold (e.g., at night) and thereafter the light source can be
transitioned to an off state when the amount of light increases
(e.g., during the day); it is contemplated, however, that the
claimed subject matter is not so limited.
[0179] In order to provide additional context for implementing
various aspects of the claimed subject matter, FIGS. 18-19 and the
following discussion is intended to provide a brief, general
description of a suitable computing environment in which the
various aspects of the subject innovation may be implemented. For
instance, FIGS. 18-19 set forth a suitable computing environment
that can be employed in connection with programming, controlling,
coordinating, monitoring, etc. one or more wireless light bulbs
described herein. While the claimed subject matter has been
described above in the general context of computer-executable
instructions of a computer program that runs on a local computer
and/or remote computer, those skilled in the art will recognize
that the subject innovation also may be implemented in combination
with other program modules. Generally, program modules include
routines, programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform
particular tasks and/or implement particular abstract data types.
It is to be appreciated, however, that the claimed subject matter
is not limited to being employed in connection with the example
computing environment set forth in FIGS. 18-19.
[0180] Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
inventive methods may be practiced with other computer system
configurations, including single-processor or multi-processor
computer systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as
personal computers, hand-held computing devices,
microprocessor-based and/or programmable consumer electronics, and
the like, each of which may operatively communicate with one or
more associated devices. The illustrated aspects of the claimed
subject matter may also be practiced in distributed computing
environments where certain tasks are performed by remote processing
devices that are linked through a communications network. However,
some, if not all, aspects of the subject innovation may be
practiced on stand-alone computers. In a distributed computing
environment, program modules may be located in local and/or remote
memory storage devices.
[0181] FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a sample-computing
environment 1800 with which the claimed subject matter can
interact. The sample-computing environment 1800 includes one or
more client(s) 1810. The client(s) 1810 can be hardware and/or
software (e.g., threads, processes, computing devices). The
sample-computing environment 1800 also includes one or more
server(s) 1820. The server(s) 1820 can be hardware and/or software
(e.g., threads, processes, computing devices). The servers 1820 can
house threads to perform transformations by employing the subject
innovation, for example.
[0182] One possible communication between a client 1810 and a
server 1820 can be in the form of a data packet adapted to be
transmitted between two or more computer processes. The
sample-computing environment 1800 includes a communication
framework 1840 that can be employed to facilitate communications
between the client(s) 1810 and the server(s) 1820. The client(s)
1810 are operatively connected to one or more client data store(s)
1850 that can be employed to store information local to the
client(s) 1810. Similarly, the server(s) 1820 are operatively
connected to one or more server data store(s) 1830 that can be
employed to store information local to the servers 1820.
[0183] With reference to FIG. 19, an exemplary environment 1900 for
implementing various aspects of the claimed subject matter includes
a computer 1912. The computer 1912 includes a processing unit 1914,
a system memory 1916, and a system bus 1918. The system bus 1918
couples system components including, but not limited to, the system
memory 1916 to the processing unit 1914. The processing unit 1914
can be any of various available processors. Dual microprocessors
and other multiprocessor architectures also can be employed as the
processing unit 1914.
[0184] The system bus 1918 can be any of several types of bus
structure(s) including the memory bus or memory controller, a
peripheral bus or external bus, and/or a local bus using any
variety of available bus architectures including, but not limited
to, Industrial Standard Architecture (ISA), Micro-Channel
Architecture (MSA), Extended ISA (EISA), Intelligent Drive
Electronics (IDE), VESA Local Bus (VLB), Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI), Card Bus, Universal Serial Bus (USB), Advanced
Graphics Port (AGP), Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association bus (PCMCIA), FIREWIRE (IEEE 1394), and Small Computer
Systems Interface (SCSI).
[0185] The system memory 1916 includes volatile memory 1920 and
nonvolatile memory 1922. The basic input/output system (BIOS),
containing the basic routines to transfer information between
elements within the computer 1912, such as during start-up, is
stored in nonvolatile memory 1922. By way of illustration, and not
limitation, nonvolatile memory 1922 can include read only memory
(ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM
(EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash
memory. Volatile memory 1920 includes random access memory (RAM),
which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not
limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as static RAM
(SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data
rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), SYNCHLINK DRAM
(SLDRAM), RAMBUS direct RAM (RDRAM), direct RAMBUS dynamic RAM
(DRDRAM), and RAMBUS dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
[0186] Computer 1912 also includes removable/non-removable,
volatile/non-volatile computer storage media. FIG. 19 illustrates,
for example a disk storage 1924. Disk storage 1924 includes, but is
not limited to, devices like a magnetic disk drive, floppy disk
drive, tape drive, JAZ drive, ZIP drive, LS-100 drive, flash memory
card, or memory stick. In addition, disk storage 1924 can include
storage media separately or in combination with other storage media
including, but not limited to, an optical disk drive such as a
compact disk ROM device (CD-ROM), CD recordable drive (CD-R Drive),
CD rewritable drive (CD-RW Drive) or a digital versatile disk ROM
drive (DVD-ROM). To facilitate connection of the disk storage 1924
to the system bus 1918, a removable or non-removable interface is
typically used such as interface 1926.
[0187] It is to be appreciated that FIG. 19 describes software that
acts as an intermediary between users and the basic computer
resources described in the exemplary environment 1900. Such
software includes an operating system 1928. Operating system 1928,
which can be stored on disk storage 1924, acts to control and
allocate resources of the computer 1912. System applications 1930
take advantage of the management of resources by operating system
1928 through program modules 1932 and program data 1934 stored
either in system memory 1916 or on disk storage 1924. It is to be
appreciated that the claimed subject matter can be implemented with
various operating systems or combinations of operating systems.
[0188] A user enters commands or information into the computer 1912
through input device(s) 1936. Input devices 1936 include, but are
not limited to, a pointing device such as a mouse, trackball,
stylus, touch pad, keyboard, microphone, joystick, game pad,
satellite dish, scanner, TV tuner card, digital camera, digital
video camera, web camera, and the like. These and other input
devices connect to the processing unit 1914 through the system bus
1918 via interface port(s) 1938. Interface port(s) 1938 include,
for example, a serial port, a parallel port, a game port, and a
universal serial bus (USB). Output device(s) 1940 use some of the
same type of ports as input device(s) 1936. Thus, for example, a
USB port may be used to provide input to computer 1912, and to
output information from computer 1912 to an output device 1940.
Output adapter 1942 is provided to illustrate that there are some
output devices 1940 like monitors, speakers, and printers, among
other output devices 1940, which require special adapters. The
output adapters 1942 include, by way of illustration and not
limitation, video and sound cards that provide a means of
connection between the output device 1940 and the system bus 1918.
It should be noted that other devices and/or systems of devices
provide both input and output capabilities such as remote
computer(s) 1944.
[0189] Computer 1912 can operate in a networked environment using
logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote
computer(s) 1944. The remote computer(s) 1944 can be a personal
computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a workstation, a
microprocessor based appliance, a peer device or other common
network node and the like, and typically includes many or all of
the elements described relative to computer 1912. For purposes of
brevity, only a memory storage device 1946 is illustrated with
remote computer(s) 1944. Remote computer(s) 1944 is logically
connected to computer 1912 through a network interface 1948 and
then physically connected via communication connection 1950.
Network interface 1948 encompasses wire and/or wireless
communication networks such as local-area networks (LAN) and
wide-area networks (WAN). LAN technologies include Fiber
Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), Copper Distributed Data
Interface (CDDI), Ethernet, Token Ring and the like. WAN
technologies include, but are not limited to, point-to-point links,
circuit switching networks like Integrated Services Digital
Networks (ISDN) and variations thereon, packet switching networks,
and Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL).
[0190] Communication connection(s) 1950 refers to the
hardware/software employed to connect the network interface 1948 to
the system bus 1918. While communication connection 1950 is shown
for illustrative clarity inside computer 1912, it can also be
external to computer 1912. The hardware/software necessary for
connection to the network interface 1948 includes, for exemplary
purposes only, internal and external technologies such as, modems
including regular telephone grade modems, cable modems and DSL
modems, ISDN adapters, and Ethernet cards.
[0191] Some embodiments may include an auto shutoff feature. This
feature may be set by toggling or setting a switch, may be
programmable, may be responsive to a battery's level, may include
fade-to-off effect, and so on.
[0192] A variety of products and applications in accordance with
the foregoing are possible. Without limitation, these products and
applications include a closet light, a sconce, an under cabinet
light, a pendant light, a track light, a night light, a spotlight
(indoor or outdoor), a stair light, a path light, a deck light, a
porch light, an address marker light, a mailbox light, a picture
light, a plant light, a tree light, a flower bed light, a cove
light, a light bulb (e.g. PAR30, PAR38, MR16, A19, A26, and so on),
and so forth. In embodiments, the light bulb may be AC powered
(e.g. an incandescent replacement); may include a motion sensor;
may include a light sensor; may include an RF or IR receiver,
transmitter, or transceiver; may include an embedded battery; may
include an embedded programmable timer control; may include a
charger base and battery embedded bulb; and so on. In embodiments
having an embedded battery products and applications may include a
"fixture anywhere" battery powered bulb; a "lamp anywhere" battery
powered bulb; an "uninterruptible power supply-type bulb" that is
AC powered, switches over to battery power when the AC power fails,
and can be toggled on/off regardless of whether the AC power has
failed; an "emergency light bulb" that is battery powered and
switches on when AC power fails; an "emergency battery backed LED
down light/florescent light", which is similar to the emergency
light bulb except that the batteries are mounted in the down light
fixture or fluorescent bulb, fixture or ballast. In embodiments
having an embedded programmable timer control, the light bulb may
turn on and off at certain times and may operate in an "at home"
mode, an "away" mode, and so on.
[0193] Further products and applications may include a for sale
sign, a light adapted for boating or water sports, a street lamp, a
driveway light, a reading light, a pool light (e.g. a waterproof or
water resistant light), an LED "throwie" (e.g. an LED lamp that can
be placed by hand), a camping light, a warning light, a light
adapted for a signage application, a light for non-automotive
vehicles (e.g. a personal vehicle such as a bicycle, scooter,
skateboard, SEGWAY, stroller, or the like), a light adapted for
automotive vehicles (e.g. an interior or exterior retrofit light,
an RV light, a bus light, and so on), a campus light, a parking
garage light, a light adapted for emergency responder applications,
a battery-backed industrial fixture (e.g. hallway or stairwell
lights, down-lighting, and so on), and so forth.
[0194] Embodiments may be suitable for a variety of use scenarios.
Use of embodiments in integrated systems may, without limitation,
include automotive lighting systems, military lighting systems,
emergency response systems, campus lighting, parking garage
lighting systems, outdoor lighting systems, and so on. Embodiments
may be sold in a kit that includes instructions for use. Such kits
may be directed at residential use, including without limitation a
basketball court lighting kit, a playground lighting kit, a hot tub
lighting kit, a fall-prevention lighting kit (indoor or outdoor), a
front walkway lighting kit, a garage lighting kit, a shed lighting
kit, a gazebo lighting kit, a deck and patio lighting kit, a dock
lighting kit, a dock lighting kit, an animal deterrent kit, a power
outage lighting kit, a boat lighting kit, a house perimeter
lighting kit, a tennis court lighting kit, a dorm room lighting
kit, and so on. Such kits may be directed at commercial and
industrial applications including, without limitation, a new
construction lighting kit, an office night ext lighting kit, a
warehouse supplemental lighting kit, a storage unit facility
lighting kit, a stair emergency lighting kit, and so on.
[0195] Without limitation, embodiments may include an RF-controlled
closet light, an RF-controlled spotlight, an RF-controlled stair
light, an RF-controlled deck light, a motion-responsive closet
light, a motion-responsive spotlight, a motion-responsive stair
light, a motion-responsive sensor light, a motion light bulb, an
RF-controlled light bulb, a light-responsive light bulb, and so
on.
[0196] What has been described above includes examples of the
subject innovation. It is, of course, not possible to describe
every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for
purposes of describing the claimed subject matter, but one of
ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further
combinations and permutations of the subject innovation are
possible. Accordingly, the claimed subject matter is intended to
embrace all such alterations, modifications, and variations that
fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
[0197] In particular and in regard to the various functions
performed by the above described components, devices, circuits,
systems and the like, the terms (including a reference to a
"means") used to describe such components are intended to
correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component which
performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., a
functional equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to
the disclosed structure, which performs the function in the herein
illustrated exemplary aspects of the claimed subject matter. In
this regard, it will also be recognized that the innovation
includes a system as well as a computer-readable medium having
computer-executable instructions for performing the acts and/or
events of the various methods of the claimed subject matter.
[0198] In addition, while a particular feature of the subject
innovation may have been disclosed with respect to only one of
several implementations, such feature may be combined with one or
more other features of the other implementations as may be desired
and advantageous for any given or particular application.
Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "includes," and
"including" and variants thereof are used in either the detailed
description or the claims, these terms are intended to be inclusive
in a manner similar to the term "comprising."
[0199] In a second illustrative embodiment, a version of the
wireless light bulb is a motion controlled, light sensor activated
LED light bulb. With reference to FIG. 20, illustrated is a
perspective view of an embodiment of a motion wireless light bulb
2000. In the illustrated embodiment, the motion wireless light bulb
2000 includes a housing 2010, a plurality of LEDs 2020, a motion
sensor 2030, logic 2040, power circuitry 2050 and a light socket
adapter 2060. In the illustrated embodiment, the motion wireless
light bulb 2000 includes 3 LEDs. In alternative embodiments, a
motion wireless light bulb 2000 may include more LEDs 2020 to
provide greater illumination or fewer LEDs 2020 to use less power.
It is to be appreciated that the motion wireless light bulb 2000
can include any number of LEDs 2020, and the LEDs 2020 can be
positioned at substantially any locations with respect to one
another as well as in comparison to the housing 2010. It is noted
that the motion wireless light bulb 2000 can be designed in any
size or shape so that the housing 2010 meets the requirements of
any standard size bulb (PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16, and so on),
non-standard size bulb, fixture, fluorescent bulb or lamp (T4, T5,
T8, circular, and so on) or down light assembly (recessed fixtures,
fluorescent fixtures or down light fixtures for residential or
industrial lighting), or the like. In alternate embodiments, any
type of wireless light bulb mentioned herein can be designed in any
size or shape housing to meet the requirements of any standard size
bulb (PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16 etc), non-standard size bulb,
fixture, fluorescent bulbs or lamps (T4, T5, T8, circular, and so
on) or down light assembly (recessed fixtures, fluorescent fixtures
or down light fixtures for residential or industrial lighting), or
the like. It is also to be appreciated that the light socket
adapter 2060 can be designed to interface electrically and
mechanically with any standard size or non-standard size bulb
socket including screw thread bases, bayonet bases, pin bases and
any other kind of special lamp base that can be used. In the
illustrated embodiment, the motion wireless light bulb 2000
illuminates an area of approximately twenty square feet when above
the ground ten feet pointing directly down. Alternate embodiments
may include but are not limited to any known light source including
LEDs, compact fluorescent, fluorescent, induction, halogen, gas
discharge, organic LEDs (OLED), plasma, radio generated plasma and
incandescent bulbs and can illuminate any size area.
[0200] In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 2010 is
constructed of plastic. Alternatively, the housing 2010 can be
constructed of metal or any other known material. In one embodiment
the housing can be waterproof, shatterproof, UV resistant and/or
corrosion resistant for use outdoors or difficult environments. The
material of the housing can serve as a heat sink and can be
constructed of a material to dissipate or conduct heat away from
the LEDs to improve the performance and extend the life of the
LEDs.
[0201] In the illustrated embodiment the housing 2010 includes a
reflector for each LED to reflect the light from the LEDs to
provide a distinct area of coverage. In other embodiments, an
optical lens or lenses or reflectors can direct the light, reflect
the light or change the viewing angle of the LEDs. The housing of
the bulb may include any number of optical elements. The optical
elements may serve to focus, diffuse, filter, collimate, or
otherwise affect light produced by the LEDs 2020. In embodiments,
the optical elements may include one or more lenses, reflectors,
optical filters, aperture, and so on. The lenses may be fixed, a
multiple lens array, adjustable, and so on. The lenses or
reflectors may be manually adjustable, motorized with direct
control with switches on the unit for adjusting the direction or
characteristics of the light source, motorized with a remote
control for adjusting the direction or characteristics of the light
source through RF or IR control or it may detect motion and
automatically adjust the lenses or reflectors to aim the light in
the direction of the motion. An example use of the embodiment where
the lenses or reflectors are automatically adjusted based on the
direction in which motion is detected is several light bulbs can
adjust to direct light in the direction of the motion adding
illumination to the object in motion thereby allowing the
individual light bulbs to be smaller and require less power but
still resulting in a necessary amount of light on the object in
motion. In some embodiments, there may be an array of optical
elements that are pointed in fixed directions such that the light
may be redirected by turning on LEDs pointing in a desired
direction with a desired light output and turning off LEDs that may
not point in the desired direction or provide the desired light
output. Thus, the directionality of the light is achieved based on
which LEDs are on and which LEDs are off in the embodiment.
[0202] With continued reference to illustrated embodiment shown in
FIG. 20 one input component is a motion sensor. When the motion
sensor 2030 detects motion, logic 2040 determines if the motion is
above a predetermined threshold. If the motion is above the
predetermined threshold, the logic 2040 instructs an LED controller
to turn on at least one LED. The motion sensor will only be
operational if a second input component, a light sensor, detects
that detected light is at a low enough level to allow the motion
sensor 2030 to control the LEDs to turn on (i.e. the bulb will only
work in the dark or whatever low light level is set by the light
sensor and its detection circuitry). In an alternate embodiment the
light sensor is not present and the bulb works only based on the
state of the motion sensor 2030.
[0203] In the illustrated embodiment, after the LEDs are turned on,
the logic 2040 starts a timer. The logic will then instruct the LED
controller to turn off the LEDs if no motion is detected before the
timer reaches a predetermined timer threshold. If motion is
detected before the timer reaches the timer threshold, the LEDs
will remain on and the timer will reset to the timer starting
point. The illustrated embodiment includes this auto shutoff
feature to provide efficient energy usage by shutting off or
limiting power consumption by the light source when motion is not
detected. This feature is factory set via a timer that expires such
that after turn on, if there is no reactivation of the control to
turn the LEDs on, the unit will automatically turn the LEDs off
when the timer expires. In alternate embodiments, there may be more
than one auto shutoff timer, there may be an adjustable auto
shutoff timer with a method to select the desired auto shutoff
time, and the like. This feature may be set by toggling or setting
a switch or switches, may be dial selectable, may be set by a
potentiometer, may be programmable directly or by remote, and so
on.
[0204] In the illustrated embodiment, the timer consists of an RC
electrical circuit that discharges to the factory set voltage
threshold over some period of time at which time, if not
retriggered, will automatically shut off the LEDs. Other
embodiments may have a timer built in any known timer circuit and
allow features based on the timer value that automatically shut off
the LEDs, automatically turn on the LEDs or automatically change
the light intensity level. This feature may be set by toggling or
setting a switch, may be dial selectable, may be set by a
potentiometer, may be programmable directly or by remote, may
include a fade-to-off effect, fade-to-dim effect, fade-to-glow
effect, fade from one light intensity level to another light
intensity level and so on. In some embodiments, the feature may
include an increase in light intensity over time which may include
an off-to-glow effect, glow-to-dim, glow-to-some light intensity
level, an increase from one light intensity level to a higher light
intensity level and so on. It is to be appreciated that the change
from one light intensity level to another light intensity level may
happen over any period of time that may be implemented with the
timers. A second feature may have two or more auto shutoff levels
set by multiple timers. For example the auto shutoff feature may
control the light from bright to dim when the first timer expires
and from dim to off when the second timer expires and so on. It is
to be appreciated that any form of control by a wireless light bulb
or wireless lighting module may trigger the feature of changing the
lighting intensity level from one level to another including
wireless control, direct control or intelligent programming to
change the state.
[0205] Other embodiments can include a circuit that allows the unit
to glow at a level such that the unit can be a marker in a dark
environment and when motion is detected it turns on to a bright
level for illumination to a level that a user can find their way.
An alternate embodiment would include a circuit that allows the
bulb to be on at a low light level to illuminate an area with
enough light to see the area from a distance and when motion is
detected the LEDs turns on to a bright level for illumination to a
level that a user can accomplish any task desired. In another
embodiment, the low light level blinks at some rate to provide a
marker until a sensor triggers transitioning to a bright level. In
some embodiments, the control of the brightness level at glow, low,
bright or any brightness level the user may desire is controlled by
a dial, buttons, switches, RF/IR remote or any other known control
to allow the user to set the different light levels to the
individual user preference.
[0206] In another embodiment, the light can be programmed to fade
over time such that the light is activated and slowly fades until
it reaches either a glow level or a low light level. An example of
this application is a wireless light bulb plugged into a light
socket or lamp in the bedroom of a child that is on when they go to
bed at night, but fades over time to a glow level or a low light
level as they fall asleep. The design can include any controls,
methods and circuits by which to achieve multiple light levels. In
addition the design may include methods and circuits to achieve
constant current control to achieve consistent brightness at the
different light levels.
[0207] In the illustrated embodiment, the motion wireless light
bulb 2000 includes a passive infrared sensor configured to detect
motion. In one embodiment, the passive infrared sensor has a range
of approximately 10 feet and a viewing angle of 45 degrees. In
alternative embodiments, the passive infrared sensor may have a
range and viewing angle of any known passive infrared sensor. In
one alternative embodiment, the passive infrared sensor is
removably connected to the unit so that a user may connect any
appropriate sensor. In some embodiments, the passive infrared
sensor may be replaced or enhanced by a radar sensor, an ultrasound
sensor, or any and all other form of motion sensor.
[0208] In other embodiments, any and all sensors may include a
detection threshold or false detection rate that can be configured
according to a user's preference. For example and without
limitation, a light sensor may be configured to detect when
incoming light crosses a user-preferred intensity threshold. The
light sensor may contain many thresholds that can be detected. In
such an example, the light source may be controlled in a different
way upon each crossing of a threshold. For example, between any two
thresholds detectable by the light sensor, the light source may be
set to a particular brightness level. In such a case, as the
ambient light increases or decreases (during dawn or dusk for
example), the light source may slowly decrease or increase its
brightness level based on preset levels. It is to be appreciated
that hysteresis may be built in at the crossing of a threshold. It
is also to be appreciated that there may be no thresholds and the
light intensity is set based on the ambient light level detected
such that the ambient light plus the light generated by the light
source maintain a constant light level as set in the design or as
set by the user. Control of this function may be done in the
electrical circuit, done by a microcontroller, may include
programmable thresholds, etc. A variety of other such examples will
be appreciated, all of which are within the scope of the present
disclosure.
[0209] In the illustrated embodiment, a Fresnel lens enables motion
detections. The motion detector includes a Fresnel lens that guides
infrared light over the PIR sensor in a substantially repeating
pattern as a heat source (such as a person, vehicle, and so on)
passes in front of the lens. The combination of the passive
infrared sensor and Fresnel lens has a range of 15 feet and a
viewing angle of 90 degrees. In embodiments, the Fresnel lens may
be selected to provide a desired zone of coverage. It will be
understood that a variety of embodiments of motion detectors
including or excluding the Fresnel lens are possible.
[0210] With continued reference to FIG. 20, when the motion sensor
2030 detects motion, logic 2040 determines if the motion is above a
predetermined threshold. If the motion is above the predetermined
threshold, the logic 2040 instructs an LED controller to turn on at
least one LED 2020. After the at least one LED 2020 is turned on,
the logic 2040 starts a timer. The logic 2040 will then instruct
the LED controller to turn off the at least one LED 2020 if no
motion is detected before the timer reaches a predetermined
threshold. In an alternate embodiment, the logic will control at
least one LED 2020 to revert to a glow or low light level when the
timer reaches a predetermined threshold to conserve energy but also
provide a low level of light until motion is detect to turn on to
the bright light level. In an alternate embodiment, the logic 2040
can maintain the bright light level for some period of time, but
then can control the light to fade to off, to a glow or to a low
light level by slowly dimming the at least one LED through pulse
width modulation or any other known method over some preset or
programmable period of time until it reaches off, the glow or the
low light level.
[0211] A wireless light bulb can be controlled by any type of input
signal that can be leveraged by the logic to manipulate operation
of the LEDs. Thus, the input component can be a radio frequency
(RF) or infrared (IR) receiver that can obtain an RF or IR signal
communicated from an RF or IR transmitter that can be utilized by
the logic to control operation of the LEDs. The RF or IR
transmitter can come in the form of remote control, key fob, wall
switch or any other controller that can house the RF or IR
circuitry and user control mechanism. According to this example,
the RF or IR transmission can be deciphered by the input component
to effectuate switching the LEDs to an on or off state, changing a
light color or a light intensity provided by the LEDs, and the
like. By way of an example, dimming commands can control the
wireless light bulb to specific levels in response to commands
received from the RF or IR transmitter in a remote control or wall
switch. Controls (mode buttons, control wheel, etc) on a remote
control or wall switch can increase or decrease the light level,
set the level to glow, low, high light level or the like directly.
By way of an example, a PAR30 type AC powered wireless light bulb
can be controlled by RF or by the wall switch with the light source
AC powered. This type of wireless light bulb can be installed in a
porch light fixture. The porch light can be controlled by a wall
switch inside of a house, but also be controlled by a RF remote
control. This is useful because it allows the porch light to be
turned on from a car as the car enters a driveway. This may
eliminate the need to keep the porch light on all of the time that
the user is away from the house, but still allowing them to use the
porch light to illuminate the area when needed.
[0212] In an alternate embodiment, a network of wireless light
bulbs can be created by embedding an RF transceiver with
intelligence (microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated circuit
etc.) in the wireless light bulbs and using a communication
protocol between the bulbs to control any size group of bulbs to
accomplish any task described herein. Other control sources
designed to communicate through the network such as wall switches,
key fobs, remote controls, RF adapters that can plug into a
computer and be controlled by a software program, etc. can also
connect to the network and control wireless light bulbs in the
network. By way of an example, the wireless light bulbs are a
combination of RF transceiver and motion sensor. If one bulb
detects motion, it sends out a message to all bulbs via its RF
transmitter to turn all of the bulbs on to a specific brightness
level. Bulbs can also receive a message via its RF receiver and
retransmit it via its RF transmitter to extend the range of lights
beyond what is within the range of the initial unit that detected
motion. In an alternate example, the control source may be one or
more remote controls with a push button that is pressed to turn the
lights on and a push button, that is pressed to turn the lights off
with a unique identifier that can be set that can select the
wireless light bulbs to control, and the like. When either button
is pressed, a command is transmitted by a remote control to the
network to control the bulbs that receive it. The command may also
be propagated through the network of bulbs via the RF transceiver
in each bulb to control a portion of or the entire network of
wireless light bulbs. It is to be appreciated that the bulbs can
use any type of networking protocol (routing, flooding etc.) that
may effectively distribute state information through the network of
bulbs. When the auto shutoff timer of the originating wireless
light bulb times out, it can send an off command which is also
propagated through the network of light bulbs to shut them all off.
The triggering method can be any method sensor described herein and
the sending of signals from one wireless light bulb to another can
be RF/IF, wired or wireless network (WIFI, ZIGBEE, X10 etc.) or
wired with any electrical control mechanism between wireless light
bulbs that can be defined.
[0213] Additionally or alternatively, the input component can be
one or more sensors that monitor a condition, and monitored
information yielded by such sensor(s) can be utilized to effectuate
adjustments associated with the LEDs. It is to be appreciated that
any type of sensor(s) can be utilized in connection with the
claimed subject matter instead of or in conjunction with a motion
sensor. For example, the sensor(s) can be one or more of infrared
sensors, light sensors, proximity sensors, magnetic switch sensor,
acoustic sensors, voice activated sensor, motion sensors, radar
sensors, sonar sensors, carbon monoxide and/or smoke detectors,
thermal sensors, electromagnetic sensors, mechanical sensors,
chemical sensors, pressure sensor, RFID tag reader or detection
circuit and the like. According to another example, the input
component can be a connector, port, etc. that couples to a
disparate device, sensor, etc. to receive the input signal. It is
also appreciated that any combination of sensors can be utilized in
connection with the claimed subject matter. The characteristics of
the light output (off, glow, on at low level, on at bright level,
color etc) and the transition between those characteristics can be
controlled by any detectable state of the sensor or sensors. It is
also to be appreciated that intelligence in the form of logic,
electrical circuitry, microcontrollers, microprocessors, memory
devices etc. contained in the bulb can leverage the sensors to
monitor patterns of RF, IR or sensor inputs, keep the patterns in
memory over time if necessary and adjust individual light
characteristics based on the patterns detected. Thus the wireless
light bulb has the ability to learn from inputs from its
environment and change behavior accordingly.
[0214] The illustrated embodiment is a combination of a light
sensor that will minimize power consumption by only allowing the
LEDs to turn on when there is a low level of light in the
environment and a motion sensor. When there is enough light in the
environment, the motion sensor will control the LEDs to turn on
when motion is detected. An alternate embodiment includes an RF
receiver and motion sensor in the wireless light bulb and separate
RF transmitter remote control that can override motion sensor
control of the bulb when a user desires that it is turned on for an
extended period of time or controlled remotely rather than by
motion. One or more wireless light bulbs are controlled by either
the motion sensors on the bulbs, by a separate RF remote control,
RF wall switch or the like. The RF control element is used to turn
on, turn off, control dimming, program timers for automatic control
etc. in the wireless light bulbs. In an alternate embodiment, the
remote control element contains a motion sensor and an RF
transmitter to transmit commands based on motion detection or
switches, buttons, dials or other controls on the remote control
element to the one or more wireless light bulbs. The wireless light
bulbs have an RF receiver but may or may not have a motion
sensor.
[0215] In an alternate embodiment, the wireless light bulb can be
controlled by only a light sensor. In this embodiment, the light
will only turn on in a low level of light. Thus, when AC power is
applied to the bulb and the level of ambient light is low enough,
the bulb will turn on, otherwise it will remain off. Alternately,
the light source can be controlled based on the amount of light
detected from the light sensor such that it turns on slowly in the
evening as it gets darker outside and fades to off in the morning
as the amount of ambient light increases slowly. For example, a
pulse width modulation circuit or other brightness control can be
set based on the state of the light sensor. In some embodiments a
daylight harvesting function may be implemented where the light
intensity is set based on the ambient light level detected such
that the ambient light plus the light generated by the light source
maintain a constant light level as set in the design or as set by
the user. The light sensor light bulb can be used outside such that
power on the wired circuit can be turned on all of the time, but
the light sensor light bulb will not consume power from the wired
circuit other than to power the light sensor associated circuit
until the light sensor enables the bulb for operation.
[0216] Another alternative embodiment includes one or more wireless
light bulbs with an RF receiver and a light sensor as input
components controlling the light source and an RF transmitter
remote combined with a motion sensor. The one or more wireless
light bulbs may or may not glow all through the night. An example
use of this embodiment is a driveway sensor that detects a car
triggering the motion sensor to send an RF transmission to the
light when the car enters the driveway. The light can stay on for
some user set amount of time, for example ten minutes, then auto
shutoff or revert to glow mode. In alternate embodiments, the RF
transmitter and motion sensor may contain additional controls. For
example, the RF transmitter and motion sensor may contain an on
switch, off switch, toggle switch, dimmer control switches, motion
sensitivity controls, a light sensor with and without sensitivity
controls, shutoff timer controls, and the like, or any other type
of control mentioned herein. By way of an example, an RF
transmitter and motion sensor may contain an OFF push button. The
unit may send an ON control message to a wireless light bulb or
battery powered wireless lighting fixture when motion is detected
to turn the light on. It may contain an auto-shutoff timer that may
send an OFF control message when the auto-shutoff timer expires. In
addition, if the user is leaving an area, rather than wait for the
auto-shutoff timer to expire, an OFF push button on the unit may be
pressed to send an OFF control message to the wireless light bulb
or battery powered wireless lighting fixture to shut the light off.
In some examples, the motion sensor may be briefly disabled for
some period of time to allow the user to leave the area such that
their motion when exiting does not retrigger the light immediately.
For example, if the motion sensor is disabled for five seconds
after the OFF push button is pressed, the user may be able to exit
the area without retriggering the light. This function may allow
the user to save power consumption in the wireless light bulb or
battery powered wireless lighting fixture by providing the means to
turn the light off manually when they know it will not be used. In
some embodiments, the RF transmitter and motion sensor may mount to
a bracket that can be mounted to a wall, ceiling, stake or the like
such that the bracket may can be articulated to allow the motion
sensor to be pointed in the direction that the motion needs to be
detected. This may allow the ability to optimize the area of
detection given the characteristics of the motion detector and the
desired area where motion is to be detected. In alternate
embodiments, multiple motion detectors may be built into the same
housing to allow motion to be detected from more than one
direction. For example, a motion detector with three sensors each
with 120 degree coverage may cover 360 degrees of motion detection
allowing a stake or pole mount sensor to detect motion from any
direction. This stake may be mounted in an open area to detect
motion from any direction and turn on the light source to
illuminate an area.
[0217] As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the wireless light
bulb power source is alternating current (AC) typical of hard-wired
fixtures that can provide AC power to light bulbs. The wireless
light bulb includes AC circuitry, including an AC/DC converter to
generate DC power for the circuitry and light source contained in
the wireless light bulb. The AC/DC converter may include line
capacitors, a diode bridge, a fly back converter, a constant
current circuit, DC regulator and so on to convert AC power from
the line to DC power. It will be understood that a variety of AD/DC
converters are possible. In one known embodiment, a diode bridge, a
constant current buck converter, a linear voltage regulator and
protection circuitry are used to provide power to the control
circuitry and light source.
[0218] In some embodiments the wireless light bulb may be powered
directly from a DC input. In other embodiments the wireless light
bulb can be powered off of a nominal 12V AC source. For example, an
MR16 type wireless light bulb can be designed to take the 12V AC
provided at the pin base and convert it to DC. In another example,
the MR16 type wireless light bulb can include a full wave rectifier
circuit to accept 12V AC or 12V DC input to power the circuitry and
light source. It is appreciated that any AC or DC input can be
converted to an operating power source for the circuitry and light
source.
[0219] Wireless light bulbs powered from AC power with wireless
control in the form of an embedded sensor or RF or IR receiver
allow for individual wireless light bulbs on the same wired circuit
to be controlled independently. In one example, individual wireless
light bulbs with an embedded RF receiver and intelligence to
process commands received over an RF communication link are on the
same wired circuit and can be controlled by an RF wall switch. An
RF transmitter circuit embedded in the wall switch can control
individual bulbs on the wired circuit to turn them on or off, send
dimming commands, program functionality to change state based on
time of day, program on times, off times and brightness levels
based on billing rates from the power company at different times of
the day etc. The RF transmitter circuit may be combined with one or
more other wireless control methods to implement additional
functionality. For example, a motion sensor could be used in
addition to the RF transmitter to control the light based on motion
detection. The RF transmitter circuit can be battery powered and
therefore offer the convenience of allowing it to be installed
anywhere or the RF transmitter circuit can be part of an assembly
that can replace or modify the wall light switch controlling the
entire wired circuit to provide greater control of the lights on
that wired circuit. In the case where the wall light switch is
replaced by an RF transmitter wall light switch assembly, the RF
transmitter circuitry may be battery powered, but it also may use
AC as its power source and thus contain and AC/DC circuit. In one
example, the RF transmitter wall light switch assembly may use the
existing on/off switch of the wall light switch (i.e. be installed
inside the wall light switch) or in another example the assembly
may be installed to replace the wall light switch altogether. In
another example, motion sensor controlled wireless light bulbs on a
wired circuit can be installed to conserve power by detecting
occupancy and only turn on when the light is needed. All of the
bulbs can be motion sensor wireless light bulbs or there can be a
mix of motion sensor wireless light bulbs and traditional light
bulbs to conserve power when the additional light is not needed. It
is to be appreciated that any sensor described herein can be used
to individually control wireless light bulbs on a wired
circuit.
[0220] In another embodiment, the power source can be one or more
batteries embedded in the wireless light bulb instead of AC power.
For instance, the power source can be any number, size, and type of
rechargeable (e.g., nickel-cadmium) and/or non-rechargeable (e.g.,
alkaline) batteries. Pursuant to a further illustration, the power
source can be a solar cell. Moreover, the power source can be a
combination of a solar cell and one or more batteries. Thus, for
instance, a battery can supplement power supplied by the solar cell
(or vice versa) and/or the solar cell can recharge a battery. In
accordance with a further illustration, the power source can
wirelessly obtain power (e.g., to be utilized directly, employed to
recharge batteries); for instance, power can be wirelessly
delivered to the power source via collecting RF energy from the
environment, electromagnetic induction, wave coupling, converting
motion or heat to electrical energy, wireless power transmission,
and the like. It is to be appreciated that any wireless power
source or any combination of wireless power sources can be used to
supply power to or recharge energy storage in the wireless light
bulb. For example, a wireless light bulb can contain circuitry to
collect RF energy from the environment and also contain
rechargeable batteries to store the collected energy. In alternate
embodiments the power source may include a fuel cell, such as and
without limitation a hydrogen fuel cell, a reformed methanol fuel
cell, or the like. In other alternate embodiments, the power source
may include a capacitor, array of capacitors, super capacitors to
store energy to be used as a power source similar to a battery, and
the like.
[0221] By way of an example, the wireless light bulb can physically
couple with a fixture to support the wireless light bulb in a
particular position, yet electrical current need not flow between
the fixture and the wireless light bulb. Thus, the fixture can be
installed at substantially any location without needing to supply
power (e.g., via hard-wiring the fixture); hence, the fixture can
be physically placed, secured, mounted, installed, etc. in a locale
without being hard-wired to a power source. A battery powered
wireless light bulb allows for a fixture to be installed anywhere.
Any type of fixture design (size, shape, style etc.) can be
installed at any location suitable for installation of the fixture
and using a battery embedded wireless light bulb it can be done
without the need for wiring. Power is embedded in the bulb and
control is provided by a sensor and/or RF/IR receiver that is also
embedded in the bulb As another example, the battery embedded
wireless light bulb allows for a lamp (table lamp, floor lamp, desk
lamp etc.) to be placed anywhere independent of a need to be placed
close to an electrical outlet, using an extension cord to cable
power to the lamp or having an electrician wire power to a point
where the lamp can be plugged into an AC power source. Alternately,
a battery powered wireless light bulb can be used in an existing
fixture or lamp to take advantage of wireless power and wireless
control in that location. In an alternate embodiment, to use the
switch control on the lamp that would control on and off when
plugged into an AC socket, the lamp remains unplugged, however an
electrically conducting cap or connector is placed on the end
between the two AC prongs of the connector to short the two prongs
together. Inside the wireless light bulb, a short circuit can be
detected. When detected as a short circuit, the switch control is
in the on position and the battery powered wireless light bulb is
turned on. When it is detected as an open circuit, the switch is in
the off position and the battery powered wireless light bulb is
turned off.
[0222] In another example, a motion sensor wireless light bulb
powered only by embedded batteries can replace one or more
incandescent light bulbs on a wired circuit. By way of an example,
there are six recessed fixtures containing six R30 incandescent
bulbs controlled by a single wall switch. One of the incandescent
bulbs is replaced by an R30 motion sensor wireless light bulb
powered only by embedded batteries or one of the incandescent bulbs
is replaced by a recessed fixture motion sensor wireless light bulb
that mechanically replaces the entire recessed fixture and is
powered only by embedded batteries. There are several advantages to
this use scenario for the battery embedded wireless light bulb.
First, the motion sensor wireless light bulb will work even in a
power outage so it offers an emergency or safety lighting function.
Second, even when the wall switch is turned off and the
incandescent bulbs are off, the motion sensor wireless light bulb
will still provide enough light when motion is detected to find a
path to the wall switch to activate all of the lights. Third, there
may be enough light from the motion sensor wireless light bulb such
that the additional lighting is not necessary therefore the
incandescent bulbs would not be used. This provides some savings in
power consumption as well as a dim light level which may be
preferable sometimes to the bright light offered by too much
lighting in an area. In an alternate embodiment, the motion sensor
wireless light bulb can have multiple light levels. For example, it
can have a bright light level but revert to a glow or low light
level when the timer reaches a predetermined threshold to conserve
energy but also provide a low level of light until motion is detect
to turn on to the bright light level. In an alternate embodiment,
logic can maintain the bright light level for some period of time,
but then can control the light to fade to a glow or low light level
by slowly dimming the at least one LED through pulse width
modulation or other brightness control method over some preset or
programmable period of time until it reaches the glow or low light
level. In an alternate embodiment, a light sensor may provide a
measurement of the ambient light level to set the light intensity
level for a daylight harvesting function where the light intensity
is set based on the ambient light level detected such that the
ambient light plus the light generated by the light source maintain
a constant light level.
[0223] By way of another example, the one replacement wireless
light bulb contains an RF receiver and can be controlled by RF via
a remote control. The remote control can be kept in a convenient
location, a bedside table for example, to turn on the replacement
bulb that would provide enough light to get to the wall switch to
turn on the brighter incandescent lights or it could turn on one or
more RF controlled battery embedded wireless light bulbs that
provide adequate light. Alternatively, the battery embedded
wireless light bulb can be controlled by any combination of RF, IR,
or any sensors mentioned herein.
[0224] In other embodiments, the battery powered wireless light
bulb will contain rechargeable batteries such that the bulb can be
recharged by connecting the bulb to an AC power source such as
plugging the bulb into a recharging base, plugging the bulb into an
AC light socket and the like. For example, a battery powered
wireless light bulb containing rechargeable batteries can be used
with a fixture or lamp. When the capacity of the rechargeable
batteries dips below a level that the light output is no longer
acceptable, a user can unscrew the battery powered wireless light
bulb and screw it into a recharging base. The recharging base is
comprised of the circuitry necessary to charge the batteries to
capacity. When battery charging is complete, the user can remove
the bulb from the recharging base and return it to the fixture or
lamp. In another example, the bulb can be plugged into a standard
light socket to charge the batteries. In one embodiment, the bulb
can also be connected to a DC power source for recharging and as
such would have circuitry to make use of the DC power source for
recharging the batteries. In an alternate embodiment, the bulb has
a USB connector on it that allows for charging by connection to a
USB port. In other alternate embodiments any form of wireless power
mentioned herein may be used for recharging a battery powered
wireless light bulb. It is to be appreciated that any combination
of charging approaches can be included in the same battery powered
wireless light bulb.
[0225] In such a case when there is a USB connector on the bulb,
the USB connector may also be used as a communication interface to
program the bulb. An AC powered wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless light bulb may be able to attach to a computer via
USB directly or over a USB cable to connect the bulb for
programming. In other embodiments, different interface types on the
bulb such as Ethernet, IEEE 1394 Fire Wire, Serial Port or the like
can be used to connect to a computer directly or by cable to
program the bulb. In another example, a programming adapter
connected to the computer that the wireless light bulb can plug
into or connect to electrically and mechanically in any known
manner may serve as the interface to program the bulb. In other
embodiments, an RF or IR adapter that can plug into a computer
directly or via a cable using any of the interface types listed may
send programming information to one or more wireless light bulbs
containing an RF or IR receiver or transceiver to program the
wireless light bulbs. In some embodiments, an RF or IR interface to
the wireless light bulb may be provided by any device (remote
control, keypad, PDA, computer, laptop, custom circuit etc.) with
the RF or IR interface and the ability to communicate with the
wireless light bulbs can be used to program the wireless light
bulbs. A software program that allows a user to set the state of
the bulb based on timer or time of day, auto shut-off times, color
temperature, light strength (glow levels, low light levels,
dimming/fading functions), motion sensitivity and listening on
times, light sensitivity, level of ambient light controlled by a
photocell, energy usage control to control light output based on a
desired amount of energy usage over time, network parameters
(unique IDs, network IDs, multicast IDs, broadcast IDs, IP address,
routing and forwarding information for the network, WIFI SSIDs,
ZIGBEE PAN IDs and network IDs, X10 four bit house code, INSTEON
address or the like), sensor parameters (detection thresholds for
setting the state of the bulb, timer and time of day settings for
when the sensor is active and the like) etc. is used to connect to
and program the state of the bulb. It is to be appreciated that the
AC powered or battery powered wireless light bulb may contain the
intelligence necessary to implement the programmable functions.
[0226] Batteries in a battery powered wireless light bulb can also
be removable and replaceable. In one embodiment, the bulb may have
a battery compartment with a cover that can be removed to access
the batteries. In an alternate embodiment, the bulb may have
batteries that are accessible by unscrewing the top of the bulb and
removing an assembly that contains the circuitry, light source and
a battery holder containing the batteries. In an alternate
embodiment, the bulb may be a recessed fixture wireless light bulb
with the ability to remove and replace the exposed face of the
recessed fixture to access of battery holder inside the fixture.
Alternate embodiments may include but are not limited to any known
method of accessing a wireless light bulb to remove and replace the
batteries. The batteries can be non-rechargeable batteries that can
be replaced or removed or can be rechargeable batteries that can be
removed and recharged when capacity drops below a usable level then
returned to the bulb. The non-rechargeable or rechargeable
batteries also can be embedded in the bulb permanently with no
method for removal and replacement.
[0227] According to another illustration, a light socket or fixture
can provide AC power that can be leveraged by the wireless light
bulb in addition to one or more alternate power sources embedded in
the wireless light bulb. The alternate power sources can be
non-rechargeable or rechargeable batteries, solar cell, fuel cell
(such as and without limitation a hydrogen fuel cell, a reformed
methanol fuel cell, or the like), collecting RF energy from the
environment, electromagnetic induction, wave coupling, converting
motion or heat to electrical energy, wireless power transmission,
capacitors and any other form of wireless power mentioned herein.
It is to be appreciated that the AC powered with alternate power
source wireless light bulb can contain the intelligence and control
circuitry necessary to make use of any disparate wireless power
source or sources in addition to or instead of the AC power source.
It is to be appreciated that the AC powered with alternate power
source wireless light bulb can be in the form of any bulb type,
fixture, down light assembly, and the like, such as mentioned
herein.
[0228] In one embodiment, rechargeable or non-rechargeable
batteries are embedded into the wireless light bulb such that the
light source and control circuitry can use either the AC power
source or the embedded battery power source. In one example, there
is circuitry inside the wireless light bulb that may detect that AC
power is no longer present (power failure) or some other
characteristic that makes AC power no longer desirable to use
(brownout conditions, electrical surges, overvoltage conditions,
voltage sag or flickers, line noise, frequency variations,
switching transients, harmonic distortion etc.) at the light
socket, fixture or down light assembly. In this case the wireless
light bulb can switch over to battery power automatically to power
the control circuitry and light source. This application, the
uninterruptable power supply light bulb, or UPS light bulb,
provides emergency or safety lighting during a power outage.
Additional intelligence may be designed into the UPS light bulb to
provide features or extend the amount of time usable light may be
available when powered by the embedded battery power source. The
UPS light bulb may contain a colored LED that blinks when the
battery source is being used to provide an indication that the UPS
light bulb is being powered by the embedded battery source. In some
embodiments, the UPS light bulb may contain intelligence to detect
the battery capacity level and adjust the light intensity level to
extend the amount of time there is usable light out of the UPS
light bulb. This may take advantage of the characteristic of
batteries that at lower continuous current levels the rate of
battery drain will be lower. By way of an example, if there is a
short power outage, the initial light intensity level may be a high
level, however after some amount of battery drain over some period
of time, the light intensity level may be dropped to a lower level
requiring less continuous current from the batteries, extending the
amount of time the light source may run on batteries (anticipating
that the power outage may last a long period of time). It is to be
appreciated that any number of light intensity levels may be set
based on any number of detected battery capacity levels. In
alternate embodiments, the change in light intensity level may be
controlled by time (timer, time of day clock etc) instead of
monitoring battery capacity levels. In such a case, the UPS bulb
may contain intelligence to use the timer or time source and adjust
the light intensity level to extend the amount of time there is
usable light out of the UPS light bulb. In an alternate embodiment,
a light sensor may be present in the UPS light bulb to sense the
amount of ambient light present and adjust the light intensity
appropriately. In this embodiment, the light sensor may extend the
amount of time there is usable light when the embedded battery
power source is used by optimizing the amount of light output based
on the detected light level. Using the light sensor to set the
output light intensity may optimize the drain on the embedded
battery power source. In alternate embodiments, the UPS light bulb
contains one or more methods of wireless control that may be used
to provide additional functionality. By way of an example, a motion
sensor may be added to the bulb such that it will only operate when
motion is detected. By way of another example, the UPS light bulb
may contain a receiver to allow a remote control to turn it on,
off, change light intensity, select the power source (allowing the
UPS light bulb to be turned on or off independent of AC power) or
control any feature that may be present the UPS light bulb. The UPS
bulb may use a sensor as an alarm indication and in some cases use
that sensor information to select the power source. By way of an
example, a thermal sensor may detect heat and when the temperature
level rises above a threshold it may cause the UPS bulb to switch
to battery power and blink the light source in a way to indicate an
alarm situation. In alternate embodiments of the UPS bulb or any
wireless light bulb, they may contain one or more thermal sensors
and be able to transmit via an RF or IR transmitter temperature
information back to a thermostat or any device that may display or
make use of temperature information in any way.
[0229] The UPS light bulb may include circuitry to detect at the
UPS light bulb conditions that may allow an intelligent decision on
which power source to use. The UPS light bulb may need to detect
whether the controlling switch or breaker applying power to the UPS
light bulb is open or closed, if input AC power is present, if the
quality of the input AC power is acceptable, and the like. The UPS
light bulb may monitor the presence and quality of the input AC
power with circuitry in the bulb to detect the presence of AC power
and make a measurement of the characteristics of the AC power. It
may also measure the impedance, resistance, and/or capacitance
across the AC power input and return or may measure any other
electrical characteristic of the AC power input and return to
determine whether the controlling switch or breaker is open or
closed (or if electricity has been turned off at any point up to
the AC input of the UPS light bulb). By way of an example, if the
controlling switch or breaker is open, there may be a high
impedance detected across the input AC power and return. If the
controlling switch or breaker is closed, there may be a measureable
impedance, resistance and/or capacitance or electrical
characteristic different from when the controlling switch or
breaker is open. A threshold may be set in the bulb such that if
the measurement is above or below the threshold, the switch or
breaker is closed, and if the measurement is on the opposite side
of the threshold, the switch or breaker is open. The UPS light bulb
may be controlled by the state of the controlling switch or breaker
(on or off), but may also detect the condition when the controlling
switch or breaker is closed but AC input power is not present or is
not acceptable and may be able to switch over to the rechargeable
or non-rechargeable batteries that are embedded as the power
source. Thus, the UPS light bulb may be able to switch to embedded
battery power without directly knowing whether the switch is open
or close, but rather by measuring the electrical characteristics of
the AC input. In some embodiments, the UPS bulb may have circuitry
to be able to detect the switch transition from on to off or off to
on. By way of an example, in a power outage, the wall switch may
still be used to control the UPS bulb that is powered by battery to
on or off such that even when AC is not applied, a transition from
switch closed to switch open will turn off the UPS bulb that is
powered by the embedded power source.
[0230] In some embodiments, the UPS light bulb may perform an
impedance discontinuity check to determine if the controlling
switch or breaker is open or closed. In some embodiments, the UPS
light bulb may generate a signal onto the line and monitor the
electrical response of the line to determine if the response
indicates an impedance discontinuity typical of an open circuit
that may be indicative of a switch or breaker open in the lighting
circuit or if the response indicates a closed circuit typical of a
switch or breaker closed in the lighting circuit. By way of an
example, the UPS bulb may perform a function typical of a time
domain reflectometer by generating a short rise time pulse at the
connection to input and monitor the input for a reflected signal
that would be indicative of an open or closed circuit. If the
reflected signal exceeds a set threshold, it may indicate an open
circuit. In some embodiments, the UPS bulb may need to learn where
such a threshold should be set. The UPS bulb may be installed in
many variations of lighting circuits where the amount, length,
gauge or type of wiring to the switch or breaker may vary and where
there may be many other sources of loads on the lighting circuit
(such as other bulbs, multiple switches or controls etc.) therefore
it may have to adjust its detection circuitry to operate properly.
It is to be appreciated that the setting of the threshold may be
done automatically by the UPS bulb or manually by a user through
any process that may allow the bulb to be set to a threshold where
one side of the threshold indicates the switch or breaker is open
and the other side of the threshold indicates the switch or breaker
is closed. It is to be appreciated that when the switch sense
functionality is implemented, the switch or breaker may still be
able to turn on and off power to the UPS light bulb or wireless
light bulb even when running off of the embedded battery power
source because the UPS light bulb or wireless light bulb may be
able to determine if the switch is on or off and apply power or not
apply power to the UPS light bulb or wireless light bulb based on
the switch position. In such a case, the switch sense circuitry may
still need to be powered along with any other necessary circuitry
to implement this function even when the light source is not being
powered.
[0231] In some embodiments the UPS bulb may be removed from the
socket such that it may be carried around as a light source. As
such the UPS bulb may detect a different set of electrical
characteristics of the AC input of the UPS bulb when it is removed
from the socket. Alternatively, the UPS bulb may be able to detect
the switch transition from on to off, off to on or be able to
detect that neither transition happened but there was a change in
the electrical characteristics and as such determine that the bulb
was removed from the socket. The removed bulb may become a
"flashlight" when carried around by itself, plugged into a base
unit that has a handle or handheld in any manner conceivable such
that it can be carried around. The base unit may have a switch on
it with a circuit connected to the socket where the UPS bulb plugs
in and can detect electrical characteristics of the switch and
circuit (similar to the measurement of impedance, resistance and/or
capacitance mentioned herein) such that the switch may be used to
turn the UPS bulb on and off. It is to be appreciated that the
functionality described for the UPS light bulb may be designed in
any size or shape housing to meet the requirements of any standard
size bulb (e.g. PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16 etc), non-standard
size bulb, fixture, compact fluorescent bulb, fluorescent bulb or
lamp (e.g. T4, T5, T8, circular etc.) or down light assembly (e.g.
recessed fixtures, fluorescent fixtures or down light fixtures for
residential, commercial or industrial lighting), or the like.
[0232] In one embodiment where rechargeable batteries are the
alternate power source, circuitry can also be present in the bulb
to control the recharging of the batteries while AC power is
applied (trickle charge, slow charge, fast charge etc.) and under
what conditions the recharging will happen (time of day, battery
capacity level, any time AC power is applied etc.). It is also to
be appreciated that the batteries can be recharged through an
alternate interface such as a USB connector or any form of wireless
power on the wireless light bulb mentioned herein.
[0233] In such a case when there is a USB connector on the bulb,
the USB connector may also be used as a communication interface to
program the bulb. The AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb can attach to a computer via USB directly or over a USB cable
to connect the bulb for programming. In other embodiments,
different interface types on the bulb such as Ethernet, IEEE 1394
Fire Wire, Serial Port or the like can be used to connect to a
computer directly or by cable to program the bulb. In another
example, a programming adapter connected to the computer that the
wireless light bulb can plug into or connect to electrically and
mechanically in any known manner may serve as the interface to
program the bulb. In other embodiments, an RF or IR adapter that
can plug into a computer directly or via a cable using any of the
interface types listed may send programming information to one or
more wireless light bulbs containing an RF or IR receiver or
transceiver to program the wireless light bulbs. In some
embodiments, an RF or IR interface to the wireless light bulb can
be provided by any intelligent device (remote control, keypad, PDA,
computer, laptop, custom circuit design etc.) with the RF or IR
interface and the ability to communicate with the wireless light
bulbs can be used to program the wireless light bulbs. A software
program or other device that allows a user to set the state of the
bulb based on timer or time of day, auto shut-off times, color
temperature, light strength (glow levels, low light levels,
dimming/fading functions), motion sensitivity and listening on
times, light sensitivity, level of ambient light controlled by a
photocell, energy usage control to control light output based on a
desired amount of energy usage over time, network parameters
(unique IDs, network IDs, multicast IDs, broadcast IDs, IP address,
routing and forwarding information for the network, WIFI SSIDs,
ZIGBEE PAN IDs and network IDs, BLUETOOTH, X10 four bit house code,
INSTEON address or the like), sensor parameters (detection
thresholds for setting the state of the bulb, timer and time of day
settings for when the sensor is active and the like) etc. is used
to connect to and program the state of the bulb. It is to be
appreciated that the AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb may contain the intelligence necessary to implement the
programmable functions.
[0234] In addition to controlling the lighting installation, the
sensors and intelligence that are designed into wireless light
bulbs and communication interface implemented in the wireless light
bulbs may allow the wireless light bulbs installed to also perform
functions in addition to lighting. This applies to AC powered,
battery embedded, AC powered battery embedded or any combination of
power source wireless light bulbs mentioned herein. The embedded
sensors and intelligence together with the communication interface
may allow a single wireless light bulb to implement functionality
beyond just lighting. Multiple wireless light bulbs may form a
sensor network to add useful functions to a lighting installation
where multiple wireless light bulbs may be individually controlled
or work as a network to implement one or more functions in addition
to lighting. A software program or intelligent device may allow a
user to gather status from a sensor in the wireless light bulb or
from intelligence designed into the wireless light bulb over the
communication interface such as but not limited to temperature,
ambient light levels, battery capacity levels, energy usage
statistics, on and off time records, sensor detection data and
statistics (motion detections per some unit of time, switch
actuation information to generate an alarm, smoke detector alarm
signals etc.), network usage statistics or information that can be
gathered from any sensor or intelligence built into the wireless
light bulb. A software program or intelligent device may also
receive a stream of data collected by a sensor of the wireless
light bulb over the communication interface such as but not limited
to audio from a microphone, a video stream from a camera, pictures
from a digital camera, RFID tag read information (i.e. an RFID tag
reader), etc. A software program or intelligent device may also
control a device inside the wireless light bulb over the
communication interface to implement any function such as but not
limited to a speaker to make announcements or generate sound, a
horn to generate alarms, enable a circuit to energize or
de-energize a relay or other switch control, turn on or off a
motor, etc.
[0235] In one use case, the design is a par30 motion sensor
wireless light bulb or a 6'' recessed fixture motion sensor
wireless light bulb. They are installed in office space in 50
different locations in addition the lighting that is installed.
Software running on a computer allows a security guard to
communicate with and receive status from the wireless light bulbs.
When a wireless light bulb detects motion, it sends a message to
the security guard's computer that motion has been detected and
which bulb has detected the motion (i.e. the location where the
motion is). The security guard receives a message or an alarm that
motion has been detected in one of 50 locations which may provide
an indication of a security issue or that someone is not where they
are supposed to be. In some embodiments, a software application may
send an e-mail, XML message or any other type of message to provide
alerts to the end user based on the message received from a
wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module. In some cases, a
software application may store in memory or a database a record of
the motion detections over time. In an alternate use case, the
wireless light bulbs record a statistic called "number of motion
detections since last read". A software application can read that
statistic from each wireless light bulb and determine how to most
efficiently use the lighting by time of day and usage profile. It
can be used not only to control lighting but for occupancy studies
in building management, used to record the flow of traffic past a
certain point, and the like. In one possible use, the sensor may
not control lighting, but is used for the information provided by
the sensor in addition to the light that is used for
illumination.
[0236] In another use case, the design is a recessed fixture RFID
reader wireless light bulb. They are installed in office space in
50 different locations in addition the lighting that is installed.
Employees and guests are issued identification, such as badges that
are RFID tags or access cards that can be read by the RFID reader
or the access card reader in the wireless light bulb. In addition,
RFID tags can be attached to assets for operational efficiency and
theft prevention. Software running on a computer receives the reads
of the identifications badges or asset tags and can provide an
indication of current or last know location within the building
with respect to the location of the RFID reader wireless light
bulbs. This provides the building manager the ability to find,
track or review the real time or historical movements of employees,
guests or assets. This functionality can be used for safety,
security, operational efficiency, etc.
[0237] In another use case, a wireless light bulb has a speaker or
alarm horn in it that allows announcements to be made (like an
intercom system which could be two way if the units had a
microphone on them also) or alarm sounds to be generated in certain
emergency situations. In an alternate use case, a wireless light
bulb is installed as a porch light with a microphone and speaker
built in. A user can push a button on an intercom box inside of
their house to talk or listen to a visitor through the porch light
microphone and speaker.
[0238] In another use case, a wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture may have a motion sensor and RF
transmitter in addition to the light source. When motion is
detected, the light source may be turned on and an indication that
motion was detected may be transmitted to an RF receiver. The RF
receiver may be connected to an intelligent device such as a
computer that may allow the motion indication to be interpreted.
For example, in a health care application, a wireless light bulb or
battery powered wireless light fixture may be installed in the
bathroom of a hospital room or in the hallway of the hospital
floor. When motion is detected in the bathroom or hallway, the
light may be turned on and an indication that motion was detected
may be received at the nurse's station. If there is a reason that a
patient should not be moving, then that indication may be an alarm
indication providing allowing the nurse to take action immediately.
Unique IDs may be set in each of the wireless light bulbs or
battery powered wireless lighting fixtures such that, by knowing
the location of the installed wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture, the location of the source of
motion may be known.
[0239] Batteries in an AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb can also be removable and replaceable. In one embodiment, the
bulb may have a battery compartment with a cover that can be
removed to access the batteries. In an alternate embodiment, the
bulb may have batteries that are accessible by unscrewing the top
of the bulb and removing an assembly that contains the circuitry,
light source and a battery holder containing the batteries. In an
alternate embodiment, the bulb is a recessed fixture wireless light
bulb with the ability to remove and replace the exposed face of the
recessed fixture to access of battery holder inside the fixture.
Alternate embodiments may include but are not limited to any known
method of accessing a wireless light bulb to remove and replace the
batteries. The batteries can be non-rechargeable batteries that can
be replaced or removed or can be rechargeable batteries that can be
removed and recharged when capacity drops below a usable level then
returned to the bulb. The non-rechargeable or rechargeable
batteries also can be embedded in the bulb permanently with no
method for removal and replacement.
[0240] In one embodiment, a PAR30 AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb contains a single battery cell and a charge
pump LED driver to generate the necessary drive voltage and current
for the LED light source. In this example, the single battery cell
is a NiMH rechargeable D cell battery. Using a single battery cell
allows the design to fit within the design constraints of the PAR30
bulb type. It is to be appreciated that any number or type of
battery can be used. A charging circuit that supports NiMH charging
in circuit is also part of the electronics inside the bulb. There
is also circuitry inside the bulb to allow each power source to be
used independently or to share the load depending on whether each
power source is present and able to supply power to the wireless
light bulb. It is to be appreciated that any form of wireless
control mentioned herein can be used in conjunction with this
embodiment.
[0241] In an alternate example, the UPS light bulb also contains an
RF receiver that allows the UPS light bulb to receive control
commands over an RF communication link. In one example, an RF
transmitter can be coupled with an AC detection circuit such that
when it detects that AC power has dropped out (i.e. there is a
power outage) or some other characteristic that makes AC power no
longer desirable to use (brownout conditions, electrical surges,
overvoltage conditions, voltage sag or flickers, line noise,
frequency variations, switching transients, harmonic distortion,
etc.) it will send a command to the UPS light bulb to switch it
over to battery power. Upon detection that AC power is back on or
is desirable to use, the RF transmitter can send a command to
switch over to AC power. This power outage module in the form of an
RF transmitter and AC detection circuitry in a housing can be
designed to operate plugged into an electrical wall socket,
hardwired into or as a replacement for an AC wall light switch to
allow detection of the state of AC power prior to the switch
independent of the on/off position of the wall switch, can be
hardwired directly into a breaker box to determine the state of
power where it enters a residence or building, can be wired into an
emergency circuit and respond to an emergency on signal or can be
wired into any point in a power distribution system that a user may
want to detect a drop out in AC power. The RF transmitter and AC
detection circuitry can be powered off of AC power or powered by
batteries. In addition to controlling a AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb, it is to be appreciated that the RF
transmitter and AC detection circuitry can control battery or AC
powered fixtures that may not be wireless light bulbs, but rather
stair lights, spotlights, path lights, exit signs and lighting,
stair well lights, floor lights, ceiling lights etc to provide
lighting in an emergency situation. It is to be appreciated that a
network of wireless light bulbs and fixtures with RF transceivers
may be created to propagate control messages through the network to
control any installed lights from one or more RF transmitter and AC
detection circuits. It is to be appreciated that any command can be
sent as it relates to the state of AC power as detected by the
detection circuitry. For example, to conserve energy or save money
on an energy bill, the RF transmitter and AC detection circuitry
may monitor power usage on a wired circuit and send a dimming
command or a command to set the brightness of the lights on the
wired circuit to a lower level when power usage exceeds some
threshold, but at some later time send a second command returning
the lights on the wired circuit to a brighter level thus allowing
power usage on that wired circuit to stay below some average usage
level. In some embodiments, the RF transmitter and AC detection
circuitry contains circuitry to act as a load control switch
receiving a load control command from the power company and
transmitting to one or more wireless light bulbs to turn off,
change light intensity, switch over all or a portion of the load to
battery power etc. In alternate embodiments, the unit does not
contain AC detection circuitry and is just a load control switch
with an RF transmitter that may control the wireless light bulbs in
an installation in a demand response energy efficiency system, for
load control purposes and the like. This wireless lighting load
control switch may contain a timer such that after it receives a
command from the power company to change to a lower energy
consumption state, the wireless lighting load control switch may
start a timer and when the timer expires the wireless lighting load
control switch will send a command returning to the original state
of operation or to another state of operation.
[0242] In some embodiments the power outage module may be connected
to an emergency lighting circuit such that if the emergency
lighting circuit forces a switch to emergency lighting, the
emergency lighting power outage module will detect the emergency
lighting circuit turning on and will transmit a message to the UPS
light bulbs, wireless light bulbs and battery powered wireless
lighting fixtures to switch on or to some dedicated emergency
lighting function. For example, the UPS light bulbs, wireless light
bulbs and battery powered wireless lighting fixtures may switch to
a lower light level when switched over to battery power in an
emergency situation to extend battery life during the emergency. In
another example, the UPS light bulbs, wireless light bulbs and
battery powered wireless lighting fixtures may blink the lights to
indicate the emergency situation.
[0243] In some embodiments, the power outage module may contain a
light source such that in cases where it is detachable, it may be
removed and used as a light source powered by batteries. In such a
case, a user may detach the power outage module and walk around
using it in a manner similar to a flashlight. In some embodiments,
the RF transmitter and AC detector circuit may contain forms of
wireless controls such as sensors to control the lights during a
power outage but also in normal operation. By way of an example, a
power outage module may work as described, but also contain a
motion sensor such that when motion is detected under normal
circumstances, a control message is transmitted to the wireless
light bulbs and wireless lighting modules within range to control
them, but in a power outage situation would transmit a different
control message. In alternate embodiments, sensors may be modules
that plug into the power outage module. In such a case, the power
outage module may contain a connector to allow a sensor module to
be installed. By way of an example, a user may plug in a light
sensor module such that a measurement of the amount of ambient
light detected by the light sensor may be transmitted to the
wireless light bulbs and wireless lighting modules. It is to be
appreciated that the sensor may be plugged in permanently or
plugged in temporarily. In the example using the light sensor
module, the light sensor module may be used to make a one-time
measurement of ambient light in an area to adjust the light, then
removed or it may be permanently installed to allow the wireless
light bulbs and wireless lighting modules to continuously adjust
light intensity to match the ambient light detected to maintain
some net light level. In some embodiments, the power outage module
may send any type of message to control the wireless light bulbs
and wireless lighting modules to achieve any functionality
mentioned herein. By way of an example, the power outage module may
send a message setting the light intensity level, programming an
auto shutoff time, changing the way the controlled lights manage
power and the like. It is to be appreciated that the power outage
module may control UPS light bulbs, wireless light bulbs with
integrated power sources, battery powered wireless lighting
fixtures etc.
[0244] In some embodiments the power outage module may be a
removable module and may act as a remote control such that a user
may be able to remove the module or a part of the module from where
it is installed and walk around with a remote control to control
the wireless light bulbs and battery powered wireless lighting
fixtures. In such an embodiment, the remote control power outage
module may have button, switches, dials and the like to allow it to
select and control lights on, off, the light intensity level etc.
In some embodiments, the remote control power outage module may
have an LCD touch screen or the like that would allow the user to
control the lighting. In some cases, the remote control power
outage module may be a control panel mounted to a wall that
monitors the AC input and allows a user to control the lighting
installation. In one embodiment, the power outage module remains in
place, but an alternate remote control may be used to control the
lighting. By way of an example, an IPHONE running an application
and with a communication interface that may communicate with the
wireless light bulbs and wireless lighting modules may allow
control of the lights. It is to be appreciated that the remote
control may use any communication interface and may contain any
type of control mentioned herein. In some embodiments, the remote
control power outage module or any other remote control mentioned
herein may automatically detect when a bulb or fixture has been
powered on.
[0245] In some embodiments, a power outage module may contain
wireless power source such as a battery. Thus, the power outage
module may be able to continue operation in the absence of AC
power. The power outage module may draw its power from AC, its
embedded wireless power source or both. It is to be appreciated
that the power outage module will contain the circuitry and/or
intelligence to manage which power source to use. In alternate
embodiments, the power outage module may not contain an embedded
wireless power source. In this embodiment, the power outage module
may send regular messages ("keep alives") to the wireless light
bulbs and wireless lighting modules such that as long as the
wireless lights continue to receive the messages on a regular
interval, the wireless lights should continue to operate normally.
If the power outage module detects a problem with the AC power or
its AC power is no longer present (i.e. it shuts off and hence
stops transmitting), the wireless light bulbs and wireless lighting
modules will not receive these keep alive messages from the power
outage module for some period of time and as such determine that
there is a problem with detected AC power and change state as
necessary. By way of an example, the wireless light bulbs and
wireless lighting modules may switch to an emergency mode and
change their behavior in some way. Using a mechanism such that the
wireless light bulbs and wireless lighting modules are required to
hear the transmission of the power outage module at regular
intervals prevents the case where the power outage module is
disabled or blocked from transmitting in an emergency
situation.
[0246] In another embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb can be controlled by a motion sensor. It may or
may not also be controlled by a light sensor to enable operation
only in a low level of ambient light. The batteries can be
rechargeable or non-rechargeable. The motion sensor controls the AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb such that when motion
has not been detected, the light source is set to a glow or a low
light level powered by the embedded batteries. When motion is
detected and a brighter light is required, the light will be turned
on powered by the AC power source and it will be turned on to a
bright level. The motion sensor can be powered by the batteries or
by the AC power source. In one embodiment, the AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb can work even when the AC power switch
is off. For example, at night the AC wall light switch can be
turned off, but the motion sensor and light source will still work
using the embedded batteries as a power source. By way of an
example, an R30 type AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb can be controlled by motion sensor or by the wall switch with
the light source powered by AC when AC power is applied and can be
controlled by a motion sensor with the light source powered by the
batteries when AC power is not present. The motion sensor is
powered by the batteries in this example. In another example, the
motion circuitry and low level light are powered by battery power,
but when AC is applied, the light is set to it bright level
independent of the motion sensor.
[0247] In an alternate embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb can have multiple light levels that are
controlled by the motion sensor. For example, it can have a bright
light level but revert to a glow or low light level when the timer
reaches a predetermined threshold to conserve energy but also
provide a low level of light until motion is detect to turn on to
the bright light level. In an alternate embodiment, logic can
maintain the bright light level for some period of time, but then
can control the light to fade to a glow or low light level by
slowly dimming the light source over some preset or programmable
period of time until it reaches the glow or low light level. In
another alternate embodiment, the motion sensor can control the
bulb if it is operating using the AC power source or if it is
operating using the embedded battery power source. For example,
there are two operational modes. First, if AC power is on the
motion sensor and associated logic controls whether the light
source is on or off and what brightness level it is on at. Second,
if AC is off, the motion sensor operates with the light powered by
the battery power source. The brightness level may or may not be
different whether power is from the AC source or the battery
source.
[0248] In another embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb can be controlled by RF or IR. Thus, the input
component can be an RF or IR receiver that can obtain an RF or IR
signal communicated from an RF or IR transmitter that can be
utilized by logic inside the bulb to control operation of the light
source. The RF or IR transmitter can come in the form of remote
control, keyfob, wall switch or any other controller that can house
the RF or IR circuitry and user control mechanism. According to
this example, the RF or IR signal can be deciphered by the input
component to effectuate switching the light source to an on or off
state, changing a light color or a light intensity, and the like.
By way of an example, dimming commands can be sent to control the
AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb to specific levels
in response to commands received from the RF or IR transmitter in a
remote control or wall switch. Controls (switches, push buttons,
dials, control wheel, etc) on a remote control or wall switch can
increase or decrease the light level, set the level to glow, low or
high light level directly etc. The wireless light bulb can be
commanded to use AC power, battery power, switch from on to the
other at various times as set by timers, time of day or
sunrise/sunset calendar information maintained by intelligence in
the bulb, can be commanded to switch over when an AC outage is
detected, can be commanded to energy conservation modes
automatically switching to different light levels upon any
detectable state of the power or controls of the bulb etc. By way
of an example, a PAR38 type AC powered battery embedded wireless
light bulb can be controlled by RF or IR or by the wall switch with
the light source powered by AC when AC power is applied and can be
controlled by RF or IR with the light source powered by the
batteries when AC power is not present.
[0249] Additionally or alternatively, the input component of the AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb can be one or more
sensors that monitor a condition, and monitored information yielded
by such sensor(s) can be utilized to effectuate adjustments
associated with the light source and the selection of which power
source to use and under what conditions. It is to be appreciated
that any type of sensor(s) can be utilized in connection with the
claimed subject matter. For example, the sensor(s) can be one or
more of infrared sensors, light sensors, proximity sensors,
magnetic switch sensor, acoustic sensors, voice activated sensor,
motion sensors, radar sensors, sonar sensors, carbon monoxide
and/or smoke detectors, thermal sensors, electromagnetic sensors,
mechanical sensors, chemical sensors, pressure sensor, RFID tag
reader or detection circuit and the like. According to another
example, the input component can be a connector, port, etc. that
couples to a disparate device, sensor, etc. to receive the input
signal. It is also appreciated that any combination of RF, IR,
motion or the sensors listed herein can be utilized in connection
with the claimed subject matter. It is also appreciated that the
light (off, glow, on at low level, on at bright level etc) and the
transition between light levels can be controlled by any detectable
state of the sensor or sensors. It is also to be appreciated that
intelligence in the form of logic, electrical circuitry,
microcontrollers, microprocessors, memory devices etc. contained in
the bulb can leverage the sensors to monitor patterns of RF, IR or
sensor inputs, keep the patterns in memory over time if necessary
and adjust individual lights based on the pattern. Thus the AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb has the ability to
learn from inputs from its environment and change behavior
accordingly.
[0250] In an alternate embodiment, the wireless light bulb can take
commands from a communication interface from an external source by
wired connection over a power distribution network, for example on
the AC power lines (X10, INSTEON, Broadband over Power Lines,
proprietary communication scheme etc), or wirelessly through a
wireless interface (dedicated RF communication link, ZIGBEE, WIFI,
ENOCEAN, BLUETOOTH etc). For example, the electric company can
control or gather status from AC powered battery embedded wireless
light bulbs throughout its power distribution network to remotely
offload power usage at times when power demand is high by
commanding some portion or the entire distributed network of
wireless light bulbs to switchover to battery backup. Rechargeable
batteries can be charged for some period of time to store power
when power usage is off peak, then be used to off load some of the
demand by supplying power for the bulb when power usage is on peak.
Non-rechargeable batteries can also be used for emergency power
requirements. In an alternate example, the control of wireless
light bulbs can be local in a residence or commercial building
through a central source controlling building lighting to optimize
energy consumption. The control and gathering of status may be done
by an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and the like. In
such a case the meter may directly communicate with one or more
wireless light bulbs over an appropriate communication interface
using a protocol that allows the wireless light bulbs and meter to
exchange information. By way of an example, the wireless light bulb
may measure the amount of power consumed over a period of time and
an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, a remote device, and
the like, through an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and
the like (for example via the smart grid), may retrieve that
information to provide that information for any purpose. In another
example, an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, a remote
device, and the like, through an intelligent electrical meter,
smart meter, and the like, may control the wireless light bulb to
turn it on, off, set the light intensity level, control which power
source or sources are used (battery, AC and/or a wireless power
source), retrieve any information from a wireless light bulb or
control any sensor or intelligence present in a wireless light bulb
in the lighting installation. In addition to controlling a
switchover to battery power, other applications are possible.
Information or a record of usage can also be stored and retrieved.
The stored data may pertain to power usage however it may also
pertain to sensor gathered information. For example, the bulb can
contain an occupancy sensor, like a motion sensor, that can record
times and levels of occupancy in an area that can later be
retrieved.
[0251] In embodiments, a building management unit in the form of a
separate piece of equipment may communicate with the installed
wireless light bulbs with existing power lines, tapping onto
existing power lines or through a wireless interface such as a
dedicated RF communication interface in residential or commercial
buildings. This unit may send commands using one of the possible
communication interfaces such that wireless light bulbs in the
lighting installation can be programmed, controlled, and
information or status can be retrieved for energy control and
conservation, emergency functions, for safety and security, for
convenience and any other functionality desired by a user. The
building management unit may be controlled to implement the desired
functionality via any method mentioned herein. By way of an
example, the building manager unit with an RF communication
interface may communicate to a network of wireless light bulbs that
allows it to communicate with any wireless light bulb in the
network. The unit may also have an Ethernet interface on the unit
and have an IP address assigned to the interface. A software
program running on the unit may allow a user to open a web browser
and type in the IP address assigned to the unit. A graphical user
interface served by the building management unit may open up
providing a method for the user to implement the desired
functionality. The building management unit may communicate with a
an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and the like, over an
appropriate communication interface using a protocol that allows
the building management unit, which controls the installation of
wireless light bulbs, and meter to exchange information. For
example, the building management unit may communicate over a
communication interface with an intelligent electrical meter, smart
meter and the like by wired connection over a power distribution
network, for example on the AC power lines (X10, INSTEON, Broadband
over Power Lines, proprietary communication scheme etc), or
wirelessly through a wireless interface (dedicated RF communication
link, ZIGBEE, Wi-Fi, ENOCEAN, BLUETOOTH etc). By way of an example,
the building management unit may measure the amount of power
consumed over a period of time and an intelligent electrical meter,
smart meter, a remote device, and the like, through an intelligent
electrical meter, smart meter, and the like (for example via the
smart grid), may retrieve that information to provide that
information for any purpose. In another example, an intelligent
electrical meter, smart meter, a remote device, and the like,
through an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and the like,
may control the building management unit to control the lighting
installation to turn lights on, off, set the light intensity level,
control which power source or sources are used (battery, AC and/or
a wireless power source), retrieve any information from the
wireless light bulbs in the lighting installation or control any
sensor or intelligence present in the wireless light bulbs in the
lighting installation.
[0252] In an alternate embodiment, a lighting circuit control unit
may be attached to one or more electrical circuits within a
residential or commercial building and implement building
management unit functionality on the circuit or circuits it is
connected to. The lighting circuit control unit may attach
electrically to the circuit at any point or communicate through an
RF or IR communication interface. It may come in any form that
allows it to use those communication interfaces. For example, it
can be an RF transceiver with keypad, a hard wired box etc.
retrofit into the wall switch, connected elsewhere in the circuit
or as a standalone unit. The unit can control all wireless light
bulbs it can communicate with or through a network of wireless
light bulbs for energy control and conservation, emergency
functions, for safety and security, for convenience and any other
functionality as desired by a user based on an input from a sensor,
time of day clock, human input, etc. Unique or group IDs may be
assigned to multiple circuits, individual circuits or individual
wireless light bulbs such that a user can control the lighting
installation one wireless light bulbs, distinct groups of wireless
light bulbs or the entire lighting installation from one or more
lighting circuit control units. By way of an example, a wall switch
is retrofit with a lighting circuit control unit that is
electrically inserted in line with AC power to a lighting circuit
consisting of six R30 AC powered battery backed wireless light
bulbs inserted into recessed fixtures. The lighting circuit control
unit has an LCD display and push buttons that allow a user to
scroll through a list of configuration items that can program the
wireless light bulbs or a list of status that can be gathered from
the lighting circuit working much like a thermostat for the
lighting installation. The lighting circuit control unit
communicates with the wireless light bulbs using a proprietary
communication over power lines method to implement the
functionality set by the user. The lighting circuit control unit
may communicate with a smart meter over an appropriate
communication interface using a protocol that allows the lighting
circuit control unit, which controls the installation of wireless
light bulbs, and meter to exchange information. For example, the
lighting circuit control unit may communicate over a communication
interface with an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter and the
like by wired connection over a power distribution network, for
example on the AC power lines (X10, INSTEON, Broadband over Power
Lines, proprietary communication scheme etc), or wirelessly through
a wireless interface (dedicated RF communication link, ZIGBEE,
Wi-Fi, ENOCEAN, BLUETOOTH etc). By way of an example, the lighting
circuit control unit may measure the amount of power consumed over
a period of time and an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter,
a remote device, and the like, through an intelligent electrical
meter, smart meter, and the like (for example via the smart grid),
may retrieve that information to provide that information for any
purpose. In another example, an intelligent electrical meter, smart
meter, a remote device, and the like, through an intelligent
electrical meter, smart meter, and the like, may control the
lighting circuit control unit to control the lighting circuit to
turn lights on, off, set the light intensity level, control which
power source or sources are used (battery, AC and/or a wireless
power source), retrieve any information from the wireless light
bulbs on the lighting circuit or control any sensor or intelligence
present in the wireless light bulbs on the lighting circuit.
[0253] In an alternate embodiment, a direct personal control
ability exists such that a user may control one or more wireless
light bulbs and wireless lighting modules from their computer,
handheld, remote control etc. In such a case, there may be a
building management unit or larger software control system in
place, but direct personal control may allow a user direct control
of the lighting that affects that user. It is to be appreciated
that the building management unit or larger software control system
may contain the intelligence to identify that a user locally
changed the configuration and update its configuration
appropriately or notify a system administrator of the change
implemented locally. The direct personal control ability may allow
a user to configure one light or a group of lights to implement a
coordinated function. By way of an example, an employee in an
office may have a software application running on their computer
and an adapter connected to the computer that allows the software
application to communicate with the group of lights associated with
the employee office and the hallway outside of the employee office.
That employee has knowledge of when they will be in their office
and when they will not. They may arrive early and leave early
during the day, have multiple meetings such that they will not be
in the office and so forth. That employee may also have preferences
for the lighting in their office. The employee may use the software
application to configure the wireless light bulbs and wireless
lighting modules in their office and hallway outside of their
office for any of the functionality offered by the wireless light
bulbs and wireless lighting modules. In this case, the direct
personal control system may be implemented using the communication
interface from the computer on the employee's desk to the wireless
light bulbs and wireless lighting modules. Because the intelligence
in the wireless light bulbs and wireless lighting modules is
distributed, the employee may configure the units locally no matter
what the state of the larger system is.
[0254] In embodiments containing a coordinated lighting group,
there may be individually addressable lights as well as groups of
lights (multicast and broadcast groups). Thus, a light may need to
have multiple addresses assigned to it and as such may need to
respond to control and return status based on every address
assigned to it whether it is an individual address or group
address. It is also to be appreciated that multiple individual
addresses may be assigned to the same light such that the
controlling sources may use different addresses to communicate with
a light. By way of an example, direct personal control coming from
a user's computer may communicate with a light on a different
address than the building management system. This may be done so
that there are different levels of access to the bulb from a
security perspective. The system administrator may have access to
more functionality than the user therefore multiple addresses may
be used to define privileges. In some embodiments, a light may
listen to commands intended for another lights and respond
accordingly. By way of an example, a light may be the master and
the other lights in a coordinated lighting group may be slaves.
When the master is commanded to implement a daylight harvesting
change, for example it is commanded to change its light intensity
based on a new configuration, the slave lights may receive that
command. After some period of time when the master has completed
adjusting its light intensity change, the slave lights will then
change their light intensity to also implement the daylight
harvesting change. In this manner, the lights may gracefully
implement daylight harvesting in a sequence that they will not be
adjusting against each other.
[0255] In another embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb contains rechargeable batteries. The light
source can be powered by AC power, battery power or both. For
example, power to the light source can be diode or-ed such that AC
power and battery power share the load. The battery power can be
charged all of the time or can contain the intelligence to be
programmed to charge only when billing rates from the electric
company are low. The sharing of the load between AC power and
battery power given that the batteries will charge at least some of
the time at off peak billing rates from the electric company and
the light source will be on for at least some of the time that
billing rates are higher or at their peak will result in energy
savings and conservation. The bulb can contain the intelligence
(microcontroller, microprocessor, real time clock etc.) such that
it can be programmed to charge the battery power at the times when
the billing rates are at their lowest the energy savings and
conservation can be maximized. Thus, the AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb has the ability of "moving power in
time" by storing power at some time and using the power at another
time. The AC powered battery embedded bulb may or may not contain a
sensor to control operation. The intelligence may use a real time
clock and be programmed to use the AC input and charge the
batteries during off peak billing times and use battery power
during on peak billing times such that there is an overall cost
savings in energy usage. By way of an example, the AC powered
battery embedded bulb may be programmed for operation based on a
Time of Use (TOU) price plan from the energy company. The
rechargeable battery capacity may or may not be enough to power the
light source for the entire duration of the on peak billing time.
In such a case, the intelligence may be able to switch between
power sources or control a sharing of the load between battery
power and AC input power based on a measurement of battery capacity
level, power use from the embedded batteries and from the AC input
or any other measurable parameter that allows for an optimization
for cost or minimize power consumption of the combined use of
embedded batteries and AC input power.
[0256] In embodiments, the electric company may implement load
shedding or load leveling using AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulbs, building management units and/or lighting
control units throughout its power distribution network by remotely
offloading power usage at times when power demand is high by
commanding some portion or the entire distributed network of
wireless light bulbs to switchover to battery power. In some
embodiments, the wireless light bulbs, building management units
and/or lighting control units may receive a load control signal
from the electric company or end user to implement load shedding.
The control may force a reduction in power consumption from the AC
input by either reducing power usage (by dimming light levels for
example) or by switching some portion of or all of the power source
to battery power. In some embodiments, the wireless light bulbs,
building management units and/or lighting control units may respond
to supply conditions to implement demand response during peak or
critical times or based on market prices by adjusting usage or by
switching some portion or all of the power source to battery power.
In some embodiments, load shedding or demand response may happen
without an explicit command from the electric company. By way of an
example, the power source for the wireless light bulb may be shared
by the AC input and embedded rechargeable batteries all of the
time. The rechargeable batteries may be charging all of the time or
only during off peak times. Thus, during peak times, by having the
AC input and rechargeable batteries share the load, the average
power drawn from the AC input will be significantly lower during
peak times if the AC input supplied all of the power. In alternate
embodiments, the embedded batteries may always be the power source
and the AC input power is used to charge the battery. Thus, the
power required from the AC input will only be as much as is
required to charge the battery and at its peak will only be as much
as the battery charging cycle requires. The functionality to manage
power and distribute the load during peak times may be programmed
into an intelligent wireless light bulb and not require an external
command to enter the load shedding mode. The intelligence may also
be embedded in the wireless light bulb to receive commands to
perform further load shedding functions if needed. For example, the
percentage load from the AC input and from the embedded battery may
be programmable based on time of day if there is a particular
knowledge of when the peak demand times are, the light intensity
level may be programmable to further reduce power consumption, a
sensor such as a motion sensor may be enabled to switchover to
occupancy sensing to reduce power consumption etc.
[0257] In alternate embodiments, the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb contains rechargeable batteries and can return
power to the grid. The rechargeable battery is charged when AC is
on or can be programmed to charge at specific times or under
specific conditions. The bulb can return power to grid when the
bulb is off or when power can be returned because power stored
exceeds power usage by some level. The result, as more bulbs are
installed, is a distributed power network that allows power to be
"stored" in every home, office building, retails space etc. that
the bulbs are installed in and the stored energy can be returned to
the grid when needed by the electric company. Backup storage
capabilities that can be used to feed the grid during peaks in
energy demand can offload the burden of power generation on the
grid and can provide revenue or savings on the energy bill to end
users. It is to be appreciated that any form of wireless power can
be present in the bulb to harvest energy from the environment and
charge the embedded batteries to form an energy generation source
to send power from the environment to the grid. In some
embodiments, the electric company may perform load shedding or load
leveling by commanding an end user to use some local stored energy
or the electric company may make use of the returned stored power
to meet peak demand requirements. This may be done independently as
determined by intelligence in the wireless light bulb, may be
commanded by the user or may be commanded by the electric company
(for example through a load control signal or a new type of signal
that triggers the return of stored power to the grid).
[0258] In another embodiment, battery backup is built into AC
powered recessed fixtures or down light assemblies for residential
or industrial lighting. The battery backup can be switched over to
if there is a dropout of AC power or some other characteristic is
detected that makes AC power no longer desirable to use (brownout
conditions, electrical surges, overvoltage conditions, voltage sag
or flickers, line noise, frequency variations, switching
transients, harmonic distortion, etc.) to the fixture for emergency
or safety applications or for energy efficiency purposes. In
addition, a sensor or RF control may be built into the fixture or
down light assembly such that they can be wireless controlled or
programmed. For example, an RF receiver can be built into the
fixture or down light assembly. In alternate embodiments, the
fixtures or down light assemblies may contain and use as a power
source any combination of AC power and/or wireless power sources
mentioned herein.
[0259] In another illustrative embodiment, a version of the
wireless light bulb may provide for AC powered battery embedded LED
recessed fixture 2100 applications. With reference to FIG. 21,
illustrated is a perspective view of an embodiment of an AC powered
battery embedded LED recessed fixture 2100. In the illustrated
embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded LED recessed fixture
2100 includes a housing 2110, an AC input 2120, a printed circuit
for AC/DC conversion and battery management functions 2130, a
battery holder 2140, a printed circuit for a motion sensor circuit
and LED drive circuitry 2150, a plurality of LEDs 2160 and a motion
sensor 2170. In an alternate embodiment, the AC input is not used
and the unit is solely powered by the embedded batteries thus
elements 2120 and 2130 are not present or are not used.
[0260] By way of an example, an LED based 2.times.2, 2.times.4, and
the like fluorescent replacement wireless light bulb may be
designed with rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries embedded
and a circuit that makes the LED replacement bulb look like a
fluorescent bulb to the ballast controller or otherwise allows the
LED replacement bulb to operate with the ballast in place. An LED
based 2.times.2, 2.times.4 and the like fluorescent replacement
wireless light bulb with batteries embedded then may allow for the
replacement of a fluorescent bulb with an LED battery backed bulb.
This may allow a retrofit for battery backup for the consumer such
that rather than incur the expense of the battery backed ballast
controller (or battery backup elsewhere) and an electrician to do
the electrical work to wire it in, the retrofit with battery backup
can be done by the replacement of the fluorescent bulb. In
alternate embodiments, the LED based 2.times.2, 2.times.4, and the
like fluorescent replacement bulb may contain and use as a power
source any combination of AC power and/or wireless power sources
mentioned herein. In alternate embodiments, the LED based
2.times.2, 2.times.4, and the like fluorescent replacement bulb may
contain and use any wireless control method mentioned herein.
[0261] Alternate embodiments of the wireless light bulb may be
designed with a different housing that allows installation in a
suspended grid ceiling system in locations typically occupied by
1.times.1, 2.times.2, 2.times.4 size ceiling tiles or the like. In
this embodiment, the housing may contain any of the features of the
wireless light bulb, but is designed in a ceiling tile form factor.
In alternate embodiments, the housing may be designed in any form
factor to be used in place of a fluorescent fixture such as but not
limited to high bay fixtures, layin fixtures, strip fixtures, under
cabinet fixtures, wall mount fixtures, wrap around fixtures, and
the like. In these embodiments, the wireless light bulb may be
designed to fit into place in the socket of the fixture (e.g. as a
compact fluorescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or fluorescent bulb
replacement) or the entire wireless light bulb fixture may be the
same form factor as the fluorescent fixtures listed and be
applicable for use in similar applications. The wireless light bulb
may contain non-rechargeable or rechargeable batteries. In
alternate embodiments, the wireless light bulb may have any type of
connector on it that allows for charging by connection to a mating
connector and that provides an AC or DC power source. In some
embodiments the wireless light bulb may allow a connection to an AC
input and may contain the required circuitry to convert AC to DC
for the light source and wireless control. In some embodiments, the
wireless light bulb may replace a fluorescent lamp or fixture that
is connected to a resistive, reactive, or electronic ballast in
which case the wireless light bulb may also contain circuitry to
take the output of the ballast and convert it to DC power suitable
for the light source and wireless control. By way of an example, a
version of the wireless light bulb containing an RF receiver and a
motion sensor may be designed into a housing that fits into a
2.times.2 ceiling grid. The wireless light bulb may also contain
rechargeable batteries, an AC to DC converter and ballast
conditioning circuit to connect to a ballast in the case where the
wireless light bulb is a retrofit of a fluorescent fixture, and the
like. It is to be appreciated that the ballast conditioning circuit
may operate the wireless light bulb whether the wireless light bulb
is connected to a ballast or not. There may also be intelligence
(microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated circuit etc.) inside
the wireless light bulb such that is can be programmed to draw
power from the AC input, from the rechargeable batteries or both.
The intelligence may use a real time clock and be programmed to use
the AC input and charge the batteries during off peak billing times
and use battery power during on peak billing times such that there
is an overall cost savings in energy usage. The unit may be
programmed for operation based on a Time of Use (TOU) price plan
from the energy company. The rechargeable battery capacity may or
may not be enough to power the light source for the entire duration
of the on peak billing time. In such a case, the intelligence may
be able to switch between or control a sharing of the load between
battery power and AC input power based on a measurement of battery
capacity level, power use from the embedded batteries and from the
AC input or any other measurable parameter that allows for an
optimization for cost or minimizes power consumption of the
combined use of embedded batteries and AC input power.
[0262] Alternate embodiments of the wireless light bulb may be
designed with a housing that allows installation in a 2 or 4 pin
plug-in fluorescent socket. In this embodiment, the housing may
contain any of the features of a wireless light bulb and is
designed with a 2 or 4 pin plug that allows it to be installed in a
plug in fluorescent light fixture. By way of an example, the 2 or 4
pin wireless light bulb retrofit may be powered by the AC input but
contain an LED light source, wireless control and/or wireless power
functionality as mentioned herein for any wireless light bulb
product such as a UPS light bulb, a motion wireless light bulb, a
RF controlled wireless light bulb with a transceiver and the
capability to form a mesh network, a programmable wireless light
bulb etc. The wireless light bulb may physically couple with the
fixture to support the wireless light bulb, yet electrical current
may or may not flow between the fixture and the wireless light
bulb. In such a case where electrical current does not flow between
the fixture and the wireless light bulb, the wireless light bulb
may contain one or more wireless power sources that provides power
to the bulb. The wireless light bulb may contain one or more
wireless control sources. In some embodiments, the wireless light
bulb may replace a fluorescent light that is connected to a
resistive, reactive or electronic ballast in which case the
wireless light bulb may also contain circuitry to take the output
of the ballast and convert it to DC power suitable for the light
source and wireless control. The wireless light bulb may also
contain non-rechargeable or rechargeable batteries. In the case
where the bulb contains rechargeable batteries it may contain the
circuitry to charge the batteries. There may also be intelligence
(microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated circuit etc.) inside
the wireless light bulb such that it can be programmed to draw
power from the AC input, from the rechargeable batteries or both.
The intelligence may use a real time clock and be programmed to use
the AC input and charge the batteries during off peak billing times
and use the battery power during on peak billing times such that
there is an overall cost savings in energy usage. The wireless
light bulb may be programmed for operation based on a Time of Use
(TOU) price plan from the energy company. The rechargeable battery
capacity may or may not be enough to power the light source for the
entire duration of the on peak billing time. In such a case, the
intelligence may be able to switch between battery power and AC
input power based on a measurement of battery capacity level, power
use from the embedded batteries and from the AC input or any other
measurable parameter that allows for an optimization for cost or
power consumption of the combined use of embedded batteries and AC
input power.
[0263] In an alternate embodiment, an adapter may be designed that
plugs into the 2 or 4 pin connector and has an Edison socket that a
wireless light bulb may plug in to. It is to be appreciated that
any power conditioning circuitry required to convert the AC input
from the 2 or 4 pin connector to the appropriate input for the
wireless light bulb will reside in the socket. In some embodiments,
bulbs other than a wireless light bulb, for example any off the
shelf incandescent, LED or CFL bulb, may plug into the 2 or 4 pin
adapter. In such cases, the adapter may contain any form of
wireless control, wireless power, intelligence or networking
capability to provide wireless light bulb functionality to the
installed off the shelf bulb.
[0264] Alternate embodiments of the wireless light bulb may be
installed into a housing that allows installation in a fluorescent
troffer, high bay fixtures, layin fixtures, strip fixtures, under
cabinet fixtures, wall mount fixtures, wrap around fixtures, and
the like. In this embodiment, the housing may contain one or more
sockets such that wireless light bulbs in any standard size bulb
(e.g. PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16 etc) or non-standard size bulb
form factor may plug in. By way of an example, the housing may
contain multiple Edison sockets such that PAR30 bulbs may be
screwed in. Thus, with a housing that supports wireless light bulbs
that screw or plug in, any type of wireless light bulb may be
installed in the fixture. The housing may also have a connection to
an AC input, wiring from the input to the sockets and any external
circuitry to condition the AC input for use by the wireless light
bulbs. In an alternate embodiment, a fluorescent retrofit LED bulb
may be designed to be a retrofit in fluorescent tube applications
where it is not designed in traditional fluorescent tube housing. A
flat housing may be designed that contains LEDs and electronics
down the length of the housing with pins allowing it to be
installed in a socket for fluorescent tubes. In some embodiments,
the shape of the flat housing and orientation of the LEDs may be
such that two of the flat housings may be installed in a dual
troffer such that they are geometrically opposed. In such a case,
when both fluorescent LED retrofit bulbs are installed, there is an
even pattern of LEDs installed in the troffer. By way of an
example, two L-shaped fluorescent retrofit LED bulbs are designed
such that the bottom part of the L contains an array of LEDs. When
the two L-shaped fluorescent retrofit LED bulbs are installed, the
two arrays of LEDs fill the entire space to provide the appearance
of evenly spaced LEDs in the housing. It is to be appreciated that
any shape of LED bulb and number of LED bulbs may be designed to
fit into the space of a fluorescent troffer. In an alternate
embodiment, a multiple fluorescent tube retrofit LED bulb may be
designed such that the distance between the multiple tubes may be
adjusted. Thus a single multiple fluorescent tube retrofit LED bulb
may be designed such that it may be used in multiple troffers. It
is to be appreciated that the multiple fluorescent tube retrofit
LED bulb may be designed such that the width, length or both may be
adjusted to fit into the troffer and plug into the socket. By way
of an example, a dual fluorescent tube retrofit LED bulb is
designed that is adjustable such that it may be installed in a
number of common troffers that may be installed in fluorescent
lighting applications.
[0265] In an alternate embodiment, the recessed fixtures or down
light assemblies are completely battery powered. In addition, a
sensor or RF control may be built into the fixture or down light
assembly to control the unit. Wireless power and wireless control
built into wireless lighting module fixtures or down lights allows
them to be installed anywhere without the need for wires. In
alternate embodiments, the fixtures or down light assemblies may
contain and use as a power source any combination of wireless power
sources mentioned herein.
[0266] In embodiments, a wireless light bulb may provide
functionality equivalent to a "Three Way" light bulb by making use
of the external communication interface and multiple light levels
managed inside the bulb. Any number of light levels may be
implemented in the wireless light bulb. An RF remote or other
control method sends commands to change light levels in the
wireless light bulb. By way of an example, an AC powered wireless
light bulb is designed with an RF receiver inside. An RF remote
with a single push button allows control of the light levels. From
off, the first time the button is pushed, the light output goes to
a low brightness level. The second time the button is pressed, the
light output goes to a medium brightness level. The third time the
button is pressed, the light output goes to a high brightness
level. The fourth time the button is pressed, the light turns off.
Any number of light levels, any brightness levels or sequence of
brightness levels or method of control is possible. In an alternate
embodiment, the number of light levels, brightness levels and
sequence of brightness levels may be programmable by the user based
on user preference. In alternate embodiments, the "Three Way" light
bulb may respond to a switch on a lamp such that there are four
levels--off and three light intensity levels. When the switch is
turned once, the light intensity level goes from its first light
intensity state to its next. By way of an example, the "Three Way"
light bulb starts in the off position. When the switch is turned to
the next position, the bulb detects the switch transition and
changes the light intensity level from off to on at the lowest
intensity level. When the switch is turned again to the next
position, the bulb detects the switch transition and changes the
light form the lowest intensity level to the next higher intensity
level and so on. It is to be appreciated that the number of light
levels, brightness levels and sequence of brightness levels that
the "Three Way" light bulb may have in any of its embodiments may
be factory set or programmable by the user based on user
preference.
[0267] A plurality of use cases are possible in the use of AC
power, wireless power sources and any combination thereof. In one
use case, an AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb
contains an RF energy harvesting circuit. In this case, there may
be a broadband antenna and circuitry to collect RF energy and
charge the embedded batteries. In an alternate use case, a PAR30
type battery embedded wireless light bulb may contain a wireless
power transmission receiver circuit and rechargeable batteries. The
wireless power transmission circuit may allow the batteries to be
charged off line, then have the wireless light bulb returned to the
light socket for use.
[0268] In another illustrative embodiment, a battery embedded
wireless light bulb may contain solar cells on its surface and
rechargeable batteries to power the wireless control and light
source. With reference to FIG. 22, illustrated is a perspective
view of an embodiment of a battery embedded solar recharged PAR30
wireless light bulb 2200. In the illustrated embodiment, the
battery embedded solar recharged PAR30 wireless light bulb 2200
includes a housing 2210, one or more solar cells 2220, a printed
circuit for interfacing to the solar cell or cells and battery
management functions, motion and light sensor circuitry 2230, a
battery holder 2240, a plurality of LEDs 2250 and a motion sensor
2260 and light sensor. The size of the solar cells can be set to
match the anticipated amount of LED on time per the number of
expected motion sensor triggers per some period of time. Note that
there is some power consumption from the circuitry on the PCB to
charge the batteries, for the motion detector, for the LED drive
circuit etc., so it is to be appreciated that the power consumption
and on time the battery embedded solar recharged PAR30 wireless
light bulb can sustain every evening is equal to the amount of
recharge that can be done by the solar cells and rechargeable
batteries. It is to be appreciated that any form of wireless
control or wireless power mentioned herein can be used in
conjunction with this embodiment. It is to be appreciated that any
size and shape of the solar cells can be used and they be placed on
the housing in any manner conceivable. It is also to be appreciated
that any size or type of rechargeable battery can be used in
conjunction with this embodiment. In an alternate embodiment, there
is a method to replace the batteries designed in, thus if the
amount of on time exceeds the recharge rate, the rechargeable
batteries can be removed, recharged to full or close to full
capacity and then returned to the wireless light bulb. In this use
case, the motion sensor provides for a highly efficient use of the
power consumption such that for a limited amount of recharging
(e.g. small solar cells used on the bulb), an appropriate amount of
light can be provided for short periods of time such that the
average power consumption is low over time, but power consumption
is high for brief periods of time only when the light is
needed.
[0269] In references to battery embedded, AC powered battery
embedded, or any combination of power source wireless light bulbs,
it is to be appreciated the chargeable and rechargeable batteries
can be replaced by any energy storage element mentioned herein. For
example, a battery embedded wireless light bulb can be a fuel cell
embedded wireless light bulb. An AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb can use one or more super capacitors as a power
source to power a glow mode in certain applications.
[0270] An external light socket adapter may be designed with
batteries embedded to battery backup any kind of light bulb that
plug into a socket. The external light socket adapter can be
designed as an adapter for any type of socket to provide the
described functionality for any of the plurality of bulb types
mentioned herein. By way of an example, an adapter plugs into an
Edison socket and also has an Edison socket that accepts an A19
type bulb. An incandescent, compact fluorescent, and LED type light
bulb can plug into the socket adapter. The socket adapter may
contain embedded rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries, the
circuitry to switch over to the embedded batteries, an AC/DC
converter, a DC/AC inverter, a charging circuit to charge the
embedded batteries, and the intelligence to implement a switchover
between AC power and backup power. In embodiments, this function
can match that of the UPS wireless light bulb but with the
batteries external to the bulb such that any standard bulb could be
used. It is to be appreciated that the same functionality provided
by the UPS wireless light bulb mentioned herein may be implemented
by the external light socket adapter and a standard bulb plugged
in.
[0271] An AC outlet adapter or an AC outlet replacement may be
designed with batteries embedded to provide power to any kind of
electrical device that plugs into the outlet. By way of an example,
an adapter may plug into an AC wall outlet and also have an AC
socket that an electrical device that plugs into an AC outlet can
plug into. In this example, the adapter that plugs into an AC wall
outlet may have more than one AC socket that electrical devices may
plug into. In an alternate example a cable with an AC plug on one
end and the adapter at the end of the cable may be designed similar
to an electrical extension cord or power strip where the assembly
adapter at the end may contain the embedded batteries. An AC
powered device of any kind such as a lamp, television, television
peripheral, computer, appliance, washer, clothes dryer,
refrigerator, freezer, electric range, microwave oven, electric
water heater, vacuum cleaner, cell phone charger, stereo, air
conditioner, HVAC devices, electric or hybrid vehicles, electric
motors, industrial and manufacturing machinery etc, may plug into
the AC outlet adapter or an AC outlet replacement. In alternate
embodiments, the AC powered device of any kind may be designed with
the batteries embedded inside the device to provide power to the
device. In alternate embodiments, an external light socket adapter
may be designed with the batteries embedded inside the device to
provide power to any light source or device connected to it. The AC
powered device, socket adapter, outlet adapter or outlet
replacement may contain embedded rechargeable or non-rechargeable
batteries, the circuitry to switch over to the embedded batteries,
an AC/DC converter, a DC/AC inverter, a charging circuit to charge
the embedded batteries, and the intelligence to implement a
switchover between AC power and battery power. In embodiments,
power may be switched over to battery if there is a dropout of AC
power or some other characteristic is detected that makes AC power
no longer desirable to use (brownout conditions, electrical surges,
overvoltage conditions, voltage sag or flickers, line noise,
frequency variations, switching transients, harmonic distortion,
etc.) to the outlet, socket or AC powered device. Power may be
switched to AC power, battery power or both power sources may be
used for emergency or safety applications, for energy efficiency,
for energy cost savings or peak load reduction (load leveling)
purposes. In addition, a sensor or RF control may be built into the
AC powered device, socket adapter, outlet adapter or outlet
replacement such that they can be wireless controlled, status can
be gathered from it, commands may be sent to switch to a different
power source, it may be remotely programmed, and the like. For
example, an RF transceiver can be built into the AC powered device,
socket adapter, outlet adapter or outlet replacement and a device
such as a wall switch, remote control, RF transceiver that can plug
into a computer and be controlled by a software program, etc. may
communicate with the AC powered device, socket adapter, outlet
adapter or outlet replacement. In alternate embodiments, the AC
powered device, socket adapter, outlet adapter or outlet
replacement may contain and use as a power source any combination
of AC power and/or wireless power sources mentioned herein. In
alternate embodiments, an AC circuit with battery embedded device
performing the same function of the AC outlet adapter with embedded
batteries may be installed to support multiple AC outlets or
connected AC powered devices by inserting the device in-line at the
point of entry for AC power for that electrical circuit. By way of
an example, in a residence, the battery embedded device can be
installed in-line after the circuit breaker that can provide
battery power on multiple AC drops such that the embedded batteries
inside the device may supply power to all of the devices that may
be drawing AC power on the circuit in a manner as described for the
AC powered device, external light socket adapter, AC outlet adapter
or AC outlet replacement.
[0272] A wall switch or lighting control component of any kind may
be designed with batteries embedded to allow battery power to be
the power source for the lighting circuit or any AC powered device
connected to the circuit controlled by the wall switch (for example
a device plugged into an AC outlet controlled by the switch). The
wall switch or lighting control component may be designed any size
or shape for any type of wall switch or lighting control component
to provide the described functionality for any of the plurality of
bulb types mentioned herein. By way of an example, a wall switch
with three switches may be used to control multiple light sockets
or wall outlets in a residential or commercial application. In
addition to the three switches, internally the housing of the wall
switch may have embedded batteries. An incandescent, compact
fluorescent, LED type light bulb or AC powered device of any kind
may derive power from the AC input, embedded batteries or both. It
is to be appreciated that any size or shape wall switch or lighting
control component may have any size or shape embedded batteries.
The wall switch or lighting control component may contain embedded
rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries, the circuitry to switch
over to the embedded batteries, an AC/DC converter, a DC/AC
inverter, a charging circuit to charge the embedded batteries, and
the intelligence to implement a switchover between AC power and
battery power. In embodiments, this function may match that of the
UPS wireless light bulb but with the batteries external to the bulb
such that any standard bulb could be used. It is to be appreciated
that the same functionality provided by the UPS wireless light bulb
mentioned herein may be implemented by the wall switch or lighting
control component and any type of bulb plugged in or AC powered
device connected. In addition, monitoring the sense of the wall
switch (open or closed) and the ability to monitor whether AC power
is present and acceptable before the switch allows intelligence in
the switch to select the power source. For example, if the switch
is closed and AC power is not present, the wall switch may be able
to switchover to battery power because it may assume there is a
power outage. In addition, intelligence in the wall switch may need
to detect changes in the state of switch or the AC power input to
switch back over to AC power when it is present and acceptable
again and may need electrical circuitry, a relay, an optoisolator
etc. to allow the sharing of the load by power sources or the
switching from one power source to another power source. In
alternate embodiments, additional intelligence, wireless controls
and wireless power sources may be embedded in the wall switch or
lighting control component to implement any of the functionality
mentioned herein.
[0273] In embodiments, an external light socket adapter, AC outlet
adapter, an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered device, an AC
circuit with embedded battery device designed with batteries
embedded, wall switch or lighting control component and the like,
may include intelligence (microcontroller, microprocessor,
integrated circuit etc.) designed in such that it may be programmed
to draw power from the AC input, from the rechargeable batteries,
or both. In alternate embodiments, an external light socket
adapter, AC outlet adapter, AC outlet replacement, AC powered
device, AC circuit with embedded battery device, wall switch or
lighting control component and the like, may contain and use as a
power source any combination of AC power and/or wireless power
sources (batteries, fuel cells, super capacitors, solar cells, RF
energy harvesting circuit etc.) mentioned herein and the included
intelligence may be used to make decisions when and how to use the
power sources. The intelligence may use a real time clock and be
programmed to use the AC input and charge the batteries during off
peak billing times and use battery power during on peak billing
times such that there is an overall cost savings in energy usage.
The intelligence may use a real time clock and be programmed in any
way to implement load leveling such as to use the AC input and
charge the batteries during off peak times and use battery power
during on peak times such that there is an reduction in energy
usage during peak times. Thus, the external light socket adapter,
AC outlet adapter, AC outlet replacement, AC powered device, AC
circuit with embedded battery device, wall switch or lighting
control component and the like have the ability of "moving power in
time" by storing power at some time and using the power at another
time. By way of example, the device may be programmed for operation
based on a Time of Use (TOU) price plan from the energy company.
The rechargeable battery capacity may or may not be enough to power
the device plugged in for the entire duration of the on peak
billing time. In such a case, the intelligence may be able to
switch between or control a sharing of the load between battery
power and AC input power based on a measurement of battery capacity
level, power use from the embedded batteries and from the AC input
or any other measurable parameter that allows for an optimization
for cost or minimize power consumption of the combined use of
embedded batteries and AC input power. The control and gathering of
status from an external light socket adapter, an AC outlet adapter,
an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered device, an AC circuit with
embedded battery device, wall switch or lighting control component
and the like, may be done by an intelligent electrical meter, smart
meter, control software and the like. In such a case the meter or
control software may directly communicate with one or more of the
adapters or devices over an appropriate communication interface
using a protocol that allows the adapters or devices and smart
meter or control software to exchange information. By way of an
example, the adapters or devices may measure the amount of power
consumed over a period of time and an intelligent electrical meter,
smart meter, a remote device, control software and the like,
through an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and the like
(for example via the smart grid), may retrieve that information to
provide that information for any purpose. In another example, an
intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, a remote device, control
software and the like, through an intelligent electrical meter,
smart meter, and the like, may control the adapters or devices to
turn them on, off, set the light intensity level, control which
power source or sources are used (battery, AC and/or a wireless
power source), retrieve any information from adapters or devices or
control any sensor or intelligence present in adapters or devices.
In addition to controlling a switchover to battery power, other
applications are possible. Information or a record of usage from
each power source may be stored and retrieved. The stored data may
pertain to power usage, however it may also pertain to sensor
gathered information. For example, an external light socket
adapter, an AC outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement, an AC
powered device, an AC circuit with embedded battery device, wall
switch or lighting control component and the like may contain an
occupancy sensor, like a motion sensor, that can record times and
levels of occupancy in an area that can later be retrieved.
[0274] In embodiments of an external light socket adapter, AC
outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered device, an
AC circuit with embedded battery device designed with batteries
embedded, wall switch or lighting control component and the like,
the electric company may implement load shedding or load leveling
using these components throughout its power distribution network by
remotely offloading power usage at times when power demand is high
by commanding some portion or the entire distributed network of
components to switchover to battery power. In some embodiments, the
external light socket adapter, AC outlet adapter, an AC outlet
replacement, an AC powered device, an AC circuit with embedded
battery device designed with batteries embedded, wall switch or
lighting control component and the like may receive a load control
signal from the electric company or end user to implement load
shedding. The control may force a reduction in power consumption
from the AC input by either reducing power usage (by turning AC
powered devices such as appliances off for example) or by switching
some portion of or all of the power source to battery power. In
some embodiments, external light socket adapter, AC outlet adapter,
an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered device, an AC circuit with
embedded battery device designed with batteries embedded, wall
switch or lighting control component and the like, may respond to
supply conditions (demand response) during peak or critical times
or based on market prices by adjusting usage or by switching some
portion or all of the power source to battery power. In some
embodiments, load shedding or demand response may happen without an
explicit command from the electric company. By way of an example, a
clothes dryer may be plugged into an AC outlet adapter with the
capabilities mentioned herein. In response to a load shedding
command, the AC outlet adapter may turn off power to the clothes
dryer or alternatively transfer some or all of the load to the
battery power source. In an alternate example, when run during peak
billing times, the AC outlet adapter the clothes dryer is plugged
into may draw some or all of the load from the battery power source
to reduce the cost of usage of the clothes dryer. In some
embodiments, the electric company may perform load shedding by
commanding an end user to use some local stored energy or the
electric company may make use of the returned stored power to meet
peak demand requirements. This may be done independently as
determined by intelligence in the external light socket adapter, AC
outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement, AC powered device, an AC
circuit with embedded battery device designed with batteries
embedded, wall switch or lighting control component and the like,
may be commanded by the user or may be commanded by the electric
company (for example through a load control signal or a new type of
signal that triggers the return of stored power to the grid). In
embodiments of an external light socket adapter, AC outlet adapter,
an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered device, an AC circuit with
embedded battery device designed with batteries embedded, wall
switch or lighting control component and the like that may use an
AC power input and embedded battery power with an intelligent,
programmable controller may also contain grid tie inverter
circuitry to allow the stored battery power to be converted to AC.
The grid tie inverter circuitry may allow the external light socket
adapter, AC outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered
device, an AC circuit with embedded battery device designed with
batteries embedded, wall switch or lighting control component and
the like to be directly connected to the grid and to supply power
back to the grid. The grid tie inverter may allow stored battery
power to be used locally or to be sold back to the utility in the
case that there is surplus power. The control of the return of
energy to the grid may be based on battery capacity level, time of
day, the (TOU) billing plan from the energy company, commands
received over the communication interface to return or stop
returning energy to the grid either from local intelligence
(intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and the like) or from
the energy company, known or learned energy consumption patterns
where the additional energy may be needed or any other reason that
it may be desired to return energy to the grid.
[0275] In embodiments of an external light socket adapter, AC
outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered device, an
AC circuit with embedded battery device designed with batteries
embedded, wall switch or lighting control component and the like, a
function similar to the UPS light bulb may exist such that there is
circuitry inside the device that may detect that AC power is no
longer present (power failure) or some other characteristic that
makes AC power no longer desirable to use (brownout conditions,
electrical surges, overvoltage conditions, voltage sag or flickers,
line noise, frequency variations, switching transients, harmonic
distortion etc.) at the device power input. In this case the device
may switch over to battery power automatically to power the control
circuitry and to continue providing power to the device. This
application, the uninterruptable power supply external light socket
adapter, AC outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered
device, an AC circuit with embedded battery device designed with
batteries embedded, wall switch or lighting control component and
the like, provides power during a power outage using the embedded
battery power source. Additional intelligence may be designed into
the device to provide features or extend the amount of time usable
power may be available when powered by the embedded battery power
source. The device may also measure the impedance, resistance,
and/or capacitance across the AC power input and return or may
measure any other electrical characteristic of the AC power input
and return to determine whether the controlling switch or breaker
is open or closed (or if electricity has been turned off at any
point up to the AC input of the device). By way of an example, if
the controlling switch or breaker is open, there may be a high
impedance detected across the input AC power and return. If the
controlling switch or breaker is closed, there may be a measureable
impedance, resistance and/or capacitance or electrical
characteristic different from when the controlling switch or
breaker is open. A threshold may be set in the device such that if
the measurement is above or below the threshold, the switch or
breaker is closed, and if the measurement is on the opposite side
of the threshold, the switch or breaker is open. The device may be
controlled by the state of the controlling switch or breaker (on or
off), but may also detect the condition when the controlling switch
or breaker is closed but AC input power is not present or is not
acceptable and may be able to switch over to the rechargeable or
non-rechargeable batteries that are embedded as the power source.
In some embodiments, the UPS light bulb may perform an impedance
discontinuity check to determine if the controlling switch of
breaker is open or closed. In some embodiments, the device may
generate a signal onto the line and monitor the electrical response
of the line to determine if the response indicates an open circuit
that may be indicative of a switch or breaker open in the lighting
circuit. By way of an example, the device may perform a function
typical of a time domain reflectometer by generating a short rise
time pulse at the connection to input and monitor the input for a
reflected signal that would be indicative of an open circuit. If
the reflected signal exceeds a set threshold, it may indicate an
open circuit. In some embodiments, the device may need to learn
where such a threshold should be set. The device may be installed
in many variations of power distributions circuits where the amount
or type of wiring to the switch or breaker may vary and where there
may be many other sources of loads on the circuit (such as other
devices, multiple switches or controls etc.) therefore it may have
to adjust its detection circuitry to operate properly. It is to be
appreciated that the setting of the threshold may be done
automatically by the device or manually by a user through any
process that may allow the device to be set to a threshold where
one side of the threshold indicates the switch or breaker is open
and the other side of the threshold indicates the switch or breaker
is closed. It is to be appreciated that when the switch sense
functionality is implemented, the switch or breaker may still be
able to turn on and off power to the device even when running off
of the embedded battery power source because the device may be able
to determine if the switch is on or off and apply power or not
apply power to the device based on the switch position. In such a
case, the switch sense circuitry may still need to be powered along
with any other necessary circuitry to implement this function even
when the device is not being powered.
[0276] In an illustrative embodiment shown in FIG. 23, the block
diagram shows an example AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb system 2300 that may use an AC power input and embedded
battery power with an intelligent, programmable controller to
provide cost savings, security and convenience benefits to a
lighting installation. In the illustrated embodiment, the AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2300 may
include an AC/DC converter 2310, a charging circuit with
rechargeable batteries 2320, power selection and conditioning
circuitry 2330, an intelligent, programmable time of use and power
source/charging controller 2340, a light source or load 2350 and a
communication interface 2360, and the like. The AC input may be
connected to the AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb
system 2300 by a light socket, wall outlet, terminal block,
connector, hardwired connection or any common connection that a
device requiring AC power may have to an AC power input. The AC
input block may contain a transformer, line cap, fuse, inrush
limiter or other type of power circuitry commonly found at the
input of an AC/DC converter or an AC powered device. The output of
the AC/DC converter 2310 may be a regulated DC source such as a
DC/DC converter circuit. It may be a constant current source to the
load for example to provide constant current to a chain of LEDs in
series. In some embodiments there may be multiple circuits at the
output of the AC/DC converter such that one circuit may provide a
power source for low current draw circuitry such as the an
intelligent, programmable time of use and power source/charging
controller 2340 and communication interface 2360 and a second
circuit may provide a power source for high current draw circuitry
such as the light source or load 2350. It is to be appreciated that
any number power sources may be created at the output of the AC/DC
converter to meet the needs of the application.
[0277] The output of the AC/DC converter may be connected to a
charging circuit with rechargeable batteries 2320. In one
embodiment, the charging circuit includes an integrated circuit,
such as a Microchip MCP73838 battery charge management controller
with some external components to monitor and charge one or more
Li-Ion rechargeable batteries embedded in the AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb system 2300. It is to be appreciated
that any charging circuit or type of rechargeable battery may be
used in the AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system
2300. The intelligent, programmable time of use and power
source/charging controller 2340 may be a microcontroller,
microprocessor, integrated circuit, electrical circuit or the like.
In the embodiment using a MCP73838 and Li-Ion batteries, a
microcontroller such as the FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR MC68HC908QT
microcontroller may be used to monitor the charge status of the
Li-Ion batteries, control the charge current to the Li-Ion
batteries, put the charging circuit in standby mode, detect when
charging is complete, detect a battery temperature fault, start a
timer to time the duration of charging or any other status or
control function relevant to charging circuitry or rechargeable
batteries.
[0278] Power selection and conditioning circuitry 2330 may be used
to select the power source for the internal circuitry and light
source or load 2350. The power selector and conditioning circuitry
2330 may be configured to select AC power as the power source, the
embedded batteries as the power source with the selection
controlled by the intelligent, programmable time of use and power
source/charging controller 2340, and the like. In one embodiment,
the selection may be done with a pair of MOSFETs that can be
controlled by the controller such that either the AC source is
selected or the embedded battery power source is selected. With the
addition of diodes, the AC source and embedded battery power source
may share the load of the light source or load 2350. In an
alternate embodiment, the selection of power source may be done
automatically with a single MOSFET and a Schottky diode such that
if the AC source is present, the power source will automatically be
the AC source however if the AC source is not present, the power
source will automatically switch to the embedded battery power
source. The Schottky diode provides protection to prevent reverse
current from flowing to the AC power source. When the AC power
source is present the embedded battery may or may not be in a
charging mode. In another alternate embodiment, there is an
additional wireless power source on the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2300 that may provide a power source or
battery charging source (energy harvesting methods such as solar
cells, wireless power transfer, capturing radio frequency energy
etc.). In this case, the power selection and conditioning circuitry
2330 would be expanded to allow for selection and use of all of the
power sources. It is to be appreciated that any number of wireless
power sources may be used in conjunction with the claimed subject
matter.
[0279] In one embodiment, the light source or load 2350 may be one
or more LEDs. The power selection and conditioning circuitry 2330
may also include any driving circuit required to power the light
source or load 2350. In the embodiment where LEDs are used as the
light source and the one or more LEDs are arranged in series, the
AC power source or embedded battery power source may require an LED
driver circuit at the output of the power selection and
conditioning circuitry 2330 to generate a constant current source
or to generate the required DC voltage to turn on all of the LEDs
in the series. In an alternate embodiment, the output of the AC/DC
converter may have the proper characteristics to drive the LEDs,
however the embedded battery power source may require an LED driver
circuit to generate a constant current source and/or to step of the
DC voltage to the required DC voltage to turn on all of the LEDs in
the series. In alternate embodiments, the light source may be a
compact fluorescent lamp or fluorescent lamp and the block diagram
shown constitutes an electronic ballast integrated into the lamp.
In this case, there may also be an inverter circuit (DC/AC circuit)
in the power selection and conditioning circuitry 2330 to create
the proper starting and operating electrical condition for the
fluorescent light source. In alternate embodiments the load may be
an external light socket adapter or a device connected to an AC
outlet adapter or an AC outlet replacement. In any of these
embodiments, there may be a DC/AC inverter circuit to create the
proper AC output power for the attached device. In some
embodiments, the AC/DC converter may only be used to charge the
batteries and power local circuitry. The AC power source may be
switched to the load via a relay, solid stated device, or other
switching device or the embedded battery power source may be
selected by the intelligent, programmable time of use and power
source/charging controller 2340 to supply power to the load. In the
case where the embedded battery power source is a chosen power
source, the DC/AC inverter would take the embedded battery DC
output and convert to AC power to create the proper AC output power
for the attached device. In some embodiments, there may be a very
large, super or ultra capacitor in or before the power selection
and conditioning circuitry 2330 for energy storage in addition to
the rechargeable batteries. This may take advantage of some
characteristics of capacitors to offset limitations in rechargeable
batteries such as the fast charging time of capacitors.
[0280] In the illustrated embodiment, an intelligent, programmable
time of use and power source/charging controller 2340, a light
source or load 2350 and a communication interface 2360 may be used
to control the operation of the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2300. In the embodiment containing a
MC68HC908QT microcontroller and an LED light source, the
microcontroller may be used to control the light source based on
firmware programmed into flash memory on the microcontroller. The
microcontroller may control the light source to turn it on or off,
control the intensity of one or more LEDs via pulse-width
modulation or other methods to control the current through the
light source to provide power savings, provide dimming
functionality, multiple light levels, a glow function, and so on,
control which power source or sources are used (battery, AC and/or
a wireless power source), control state changes based on time of
day, set specific on times, off times and brightness levels based
on billing rates from the power company at different times of the
day (for example based on time of use, TOU billing plans),
automatic shut-off times or timers, automatic turn on times or
timers, change color or may be programmed in substantially any
manner to control the light source. The microcontroller may also
control the selection of the power source or sources based on a
program that can set state and change state based on the inputs to
the microcontroller. The microcontroller may also be used to gather
status on any of the power sources, the light source or the usage
there of. For example, with additional circuitry necessary to
gather the information, the microcontroller may record power usage,
temperature of the components in the system, battery capacity
level, light output, light color etc.
[0281] A communication interface 2360 may be used by an external
computer-related entity, either hardware, software (e.g., in
execution), and/or firmware to communicate with the intelligent,
programmable time of use and power source/charging controller 2340.
The external entity may use the communication interface such that
the intelligence in the AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb system 2300 in the lighting installation may be programmed,
controlled and information or status can be retrieved for energy
control and conservation, emergency functions, for safety and
security, for convenience and any other functionality desired by a
user. It is to be appreciated that the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2300 may contain processing resources
and computer program such that it can implement a wide range of
functionality or the AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb system 2300 may contain only a few functions and the
processing resources and computer program reside in the external
entity. In this way the intelligence may either be distributed in
the AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulbs that are
installed or be centralized in the external computer-related
entity.
[0282] It is to be appreciated that the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2300 may be designed in any size or
shape housing to meet the requirements of any standard size bulb
(e.g. PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16 etc), non-standard size bulb,
fixture, compact fluorescent bulb, fluorescent bulb or lamp (e.g.
T4, T5, T8, circular etc.) or down light assembly (e.g. recessed
fixtures, fluorescent fixtures or down light fixtures for
residential, commercial or industrial lighting), or the like. It is
also to be appreciated that the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2300 may be designed in any size or
shape housing to meet the requirements of any external light socket
adapter, AC outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement or an AC
circuit with embedded battery device designed with batteries
embedded application.
[0283] In an illustrative embodiment shown in FIG. 24, the block
diagram shows an example AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb system that may use an AC power input and embedded battery
power with an intelligent, programmable controller but also
contains grid tie inverter circuitry to allow the stored battery
power to be converted to AC. The grid tie inverter circuitry may
allow the AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system to
be directly connected to the grid and to supply power back to the
grid. The grid tie inverter may allow stored battery power to be
used locally or to be sold back to the utility in the case that
there is surplus power. In the illustrated embodiment, the grid
tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2400
may include an AC/DC converter 2410, a charging circuit with
rechargeable batteries 2420, power selection and conditioning
circuitry 2430, an intelligent, programmable time of use and power
source/charging controller 2440, a light source or load 2450, a
communication interface 2460, a grid tie inverter 2470, and the
like. In alternate embodiments there may be one or more additional
energy harvesting circuits 2480 (including energy harvesting
methods such as solar cells, wireless power transfer, capturing
radio frequency energy, etc.) that may provide power for the light
source or load 2450, charge the embedded batteries or may provide
power to the grid tie inverter to return to the grid. The grid tied
AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2400 may
provide all of the functionality described for the AC powered
battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2300, but the
intelligent, programmable time of use and power source/charging
controller 2440 may also control the return of energy to the grid
(for local use and/or to be sold back to the utility). The control
of the return of energy to the grid may be based on battery
capacity level, time of day, the (TOU) billing plan from the energy
company, commands received over the communication interface to
return or stop returning energy to the grid either from local
intelligence (intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and the
like) or from the energy company, known or learned energy
consumption patterns where the additional energy may be needed or
any other reason that it may be desired to return energy to the
grid.
[0284] In an alternate embodiment, there may not be a grid tie
inverter in the grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless
light bulb system 2400 but rather wires into the housing that allow
for an electrical connection to the grid tied AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb system 2400 such that multiple grid
tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb systems can be
connected externally to an inverter to provide power for local use
or to a grid tie inverter to provide power to the power grid. There
may be a typical AC power input to the grid tied AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb system 2400, but also two or more
wires that can be chained or connected separately to an inverter,
to a grid tie inverter or to a connection panel that can combine
and condition the inputs to then connect to an inverter or grid tie
inverter. In this way, one electrical circuit containing multiple
grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb systems
or an entire lighting installation containing multiple grid tied AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb systems can be fed
back to one or more inverters or grid tie inverters to implement
similar functionality as if the inverter or grid tie inverter was
located in the grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb system 2400. It is to be appreciated that the output onto the
two or more wires may be AC or DC in nature. For example, the
output may be 12VDC and ground, the output may be 48VDC and ground,
the output may be 12VAC and ground etc. In the case where DC power
is output, there may be no inverter and there may be a DC/DC
converter to generate the required DC output voltage. It is also to
be appreciated that the grid tied AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2400 may include circuitry to allow
chaining of the wiring (diode-ored for example) or may connect to
independent wiring back to an inverter, to a grid tie inverter or
to a connection panel that can combine and condition the inputs to
then connect to an inverter or grid tie inverter. In some
embodiments, there may be an additional charge controller and
external battery or batteries for additional energy storage outside
of the grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb
systems.
[0285] In embodiments, the grid tie inverter may need to ensure
that the power supplied by the grid tie inverter will be in phase
with the grid power. To synchronize phase with grid power, there
may be circuitry in the grid tied AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2400 to monitor the AC input power and
lock to the phase with a phase locked loop, an AC power zero
crossing detector circuit or the like. This may be used to set the
phase of the output of the grid tie inverter to be in sync with the
grid. In alternate embodiments, the phase of grid power may not be
directly detected in the grid tied AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system 2400 but may be detected in an external
device that can communicate the phase of the grid power to the grid
tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2400
via the a communication interface 2460. A grid tie inverter may
also ensure that the voltage of the grid tie inverter output is
slightly higher than the grid voltage to enabling current to flow
out to the grid. The detection of the grid voltage may be done with
circuitry inside the grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless
light bulb system 2400 or in some embodiments the grid voltage may
be detected in an external device that can communicate the grid
voltage to the grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb system 2400 via the a communication interface 2460. By way of
an example, a separate device connected to grid power (at an AC
outlet, at the circuit breaker box etc.) may detect the phase of
grid power and/or the grid voltage. It may also contain an RF
transmitter that can transmit wirelessly to the grid tied AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2400 enough
information to know the phase of the grid power (analog to digital
representation of the waveform, times of zero crossing etc.) and/or
the grid voltage such that embedded intelligence, such as a
microcontroller, could control the grid tie inverter such that it
is in sync with grid power and the output voltage is slightly
higher than the grid voltage. There may be a mechanism to allow the
grid tie inverter to be disconnected from the power grid. The
disconnect from the grid may be automatically controlled allowing a
disconnect from the grid if the grid voltage is turned off, if the
phase of grid power cannot be synchronized with, if there is no
information from an external source about the phase of grid power,
etc, or it is not appropriate to supply power back to the grid via
the grid tie inverter for any reason. It may also disconnect
anytime the grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless light
bulb system 2400 may not be supplying power back to the grid.
Embedded intelligence may be programmed based on battery capacity
level, time of day, the (TOU) billing plan from the energy company,
commands received over the communication interface to return or
stop returning energy to the grid either from local intelligence
(intelligent electrical meter, smart meter, and the like) or from
the energy company, known or learned energy consumption patterns
where the additional energy may be needed or any other reason that
it may be desired to return energy to the grid. By way of an
example, multiple grid tied AC powered battery embedded wireless
light bulb systems on the same circuit or in the same residence,
commercial or industrial building or geographical area may or may
not return power to the grid at the same time. An intelligent
device such as a computer running a software program, a remote
control, a building management unit, a lighting circuit control
unit etc. may implement a scheme to enable the grid tied AC powered
battery embedded wireless light bulb systems such as time division
multiplexing algorithm, an algorithm to control which grid tie
inverter is on and which grid tie inverter is off to make sure
there is no or limited contention, an algorithm to control which
grid tie inverters are on based on a knowledge of the energy needs
of the consumer or billing plan of the consumer, an algorithm based
on the battery capacity level of the grid tied AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb systems, etc.
[0286] It is to be appreciated that the grid tied AC powered
battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2400 may be designed in
any size or shape housing to meet the requirements of any standard
size bulb (e.g. PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16, etc), non-standard
size bulb, fixture, compact fluorescent bulb, fluorescent bulb or
lamp (e.g. T4, T5, T8, circular etc.) or down light assembly (e.g.
recessed fixtures, fluorescent fixtures or down light fixtures for
residential, commercial or industrial lighting), or the like. It is
also to be appreciated that the grid tied AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb system 2400 may be designed in any
size or shape housing to meet the requirements of any external
light socket adapter, AC outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement
or an AC circuit with embedded battery device designed with
batteries embedded application.
[0287] In embodiments containing rechargeable batteries, a charge
management controller and intelligence, the intelligence may be
used to optimize rechargeable battery life by controlling recharge
cycles in such a way to optimize the usable life of the batteries.
By way of an example, a microcontroller built into a wireless light
bulb may monitor the depth of discharge of the rechargeable
battery. Based on the status of the battery depth of discharge, the
microcontroller may start a recharge cycle early rather than allow
the rechargeable batteries to be deeply discharged. The usable
capacity of rechargeable batteries may depend on the rate of
discharge and the allowable voltage at the end of discharge. An
intelligent program running on a microcontroller may adjust the
charge cycles to optimize the usable life of the rechargeable
batteries. In the example of the AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb, the end result is the ability to extend
battery life such that with either an optimization of the recharge
cycles or sizing battery capacity to lessen the depth of the
discharge needed, the limiting factor of an AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb when the light source is LEDs may be
the life of the LEDs rather than the expected usable life of the
rechargeable batteries.
[0288] In an illustrative embodiment shown in FIG. 25, the block
diagram shows an example system that uses an electronic ballast and
embedded battery power in a compact fluorescent lamp with an
intelligent, programmable controller. In the illustrated
embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded CFL wireless light bulb
2500 may include an electronic ballast 2510, a charging circuit
with rechargeable batteries 2520, power selection and conditioning
circuitry 2530, an intelligent, programmable time of use and power
source/charging controller 2540, a fluorescent tube 2550, a
communication interface 2560, and the like. The functionality is
very similar to the AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb
system 2300, however in this case, a charging circuit with
rechargeable batteries 2520 is connected prior to the DC/AC
inverter in the electronic ballast. The power selection and
conditioning circuitry 2530 may be used by the an intelligent,
programmable time of use and power source/charging controller 2540
to select the power source for the fluorescent tube 2550 or to
supply no power to the fluorescent tube 2550 to turn it off. It is
to be appreciated that the intelligent functions described AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2300 for the
intelligent, programmable time of use and power source/charging
controller 2540 and that may be done over the communication
interface 2560 are applicable to the AC powered battery embedded
CFL wireless light bulb 2500. In one embodiment, the AC powered
battery embedded CFL wireless light bulb 2500 may be designed to
operate similar to or the same as a UPS wireless light bulb. In an
alternate embodiment, the CFL wireless light bulb is only AC
powered and has no embedded power source. In such a case, the AC
powered CFL wireless light bulb may contain wireless control and/or
wireless power as well as be able to implement any of the
intelligent functionality as mentioned herein for any wireless
light bulb product such as a motion wireless light bulb, a RF
controlled wireless light bulb with a transceiver and the
capability to form a mesh network, a programmable wireless light
bulb etc. In an alternate embodiment, the AC powered battery
embedded CFL wireless light bulb 2500 may not have an AC input and
runs off of power supplied by an embedded rechargeable or
non-rechargeable battery and with a DC/AC inverter to convert to AC
power to create the proper AC output power for the fluorescent
tube. In an alternate embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded
CFL wireless light bulb 2500 may contain a grid tie inverter. In
such a case where the AC powered battery embedded CFL wireless
light bulb 2500 contains a grid tie inverter, it is to be
appreciated that the intelligent functions described grid tied AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2400 for the
intelligent, programmable time of use and power source/charging
controller 2540 and that may be done over the communication
interface 2560 along with the functionality gained by having the
grid tie inverter in the bulb are applicable to the AC powered
battery embedded CFL wireless light bulb 2500.
[0289] It is to be appreciated that the AC powered battery embedded
CFL wireless light bulb 2500 may be designed in any size or shape
housing to meet the requirements of any standard size bulb (e.g.
PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16 etc), non-standard size bulb, fixture,
compact fluorescent bulb, fluorescent bulb or lamp (e.g. T4, T5,
T8, circular etc.) or down light assembly (e.g. recessed fixtures,
fluorescent fixtures or down light fixtures for residential,
commercial or industrial lighting), or the like.
[0290] In another illustrative embodiment, an AC powered battery
embedded PAR30 wireless light bulb may be AC powered and may
contain rechargeable batteries to power the wireless control and
light source. With reference to FIG. 26, illustrated is a
perspective view of an embodiment of an AC powered battery embedded
PAR30 wireless light bulb 2600. In the illustrated embodiment, the
AC powered battery embedded PAR30 wireless light bulb 2600 may
include a housing 2610, a wireless control module 2620, a thermal
heat sink 2630, a plurality of LEDs 2640, a battery holder 2650, an
AC/DC converter and power management circuitry 2660, a socket
connector 2670, and the like. The size of the embedded battery may
be set to match the anticipated power consumption based on the
application. The illustrated embodiment is an example of an AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2300 as
described herein. The housing 2610 shown may be a standard PAR30
housing. In an alternate embodiment, the housing may be a custom
housing that is larger than the PAR30 housing to accommodate a
larger a battery holder 2650 and significantly more battery
capacity but still may plug via a socket connector 2670 into any
fixture that can accommodate the size of the housing. By way of an
example, the housing may be designed to fit into a six inch
recessed fixture to use the entire volume of the fixture such that
the most battery capacity possible can be used in the application.
It is to be appreciated that the disclosed functionality may be
designed in any size or shape housing mentioned herein. A wireless
control module 2620 may be present. The wireless control module
2620 may be an electrical circuit that contains any type of sensor
mentioned herein, an RF/IR receiver or transceiver and/of
intelligence to change the state of the AC powered battery embedded
PAR30 wireless light bulb 2600. In one example, the wireless
control module 2620 may contain a motion sensor and a light sensor
and control the light source based on the state of the motion
sensor and light sensor. In another example, the wireless control
module 2620 may contain an RF receiver and a microcontroller to
receive commands from an external entity like a computer, remote
control, building management unit, lighting circuit control unit
etc. and control the light source based on the commands received.
In another example, the wireless control module 2620 may contain an
acoustic sensor that controls the light source based on any sound
detected.
[0291] In the illustrated embodiment, the wireless control module
2620 is shown above the thermal heat sink 2630. In the embodiment,
the wireless control module 2620 may be an electrical circuit on a
printed circuit board mounted to the thermal heat sink 2630 with
screws, nails, fixing posts, flanged heads of fasteners, and other
known mounting devices. The wireless control module 2620 may be
mounted to a cover that is mounted to the heat sink. In the
illustrated embodiment, the cover may be constructed of plastic.
Alternately, the cover may be constructed of metal or any other
known material. The advantage to mounting the wireless control
module 2620 above the heat sink is that the position allows the
sensor or antennas of an RF transceiver to be exposed above the
heat sink. The AC powered battery embedded PAR30 wireless light
bulb 2600 may contain a method to shield or insulate the wireless
control module 2620 from heat from the thermal heat sink 2630. The
wireless control module 2620 may have diminished performance or
reduced usable life when used at a higher operating temperature.
For example, in the example where the AC powered battery embedded
PAR30 wireless light bulb 2600 contains a motion sensor and a light
sensor, the passive infrared (PIR) sensor that can detect motion
may have diminished performance if operated at a higher
temperature. The heat shield or insulator may be mounted to the
heat sink or plastic cover such that it is situated between the
wireless control module 2620 and thermal heat sink 2630. The heat
shield or insulator may be constructed of ceramic, fiberglass or
any other known material. In an alternate example, the wireless
control module 2620 may be mounted to the cover with some space
left between wireless control module 2620 and the thermal heat sink
2630. The cover may also have some ventilation holes or other
methods to allow the heat to escape and keep the temperature of the
wireless control module 2620 and the heat sink as low as possible.
The wireless control module 2620 may also be mounted below the heat
sink and in such a case the sensor or antennas may need to be
separated from the printed circuit board and with some components
above the heat sink and some wiring through or around the heat sink
to those components. There may also be a heat shield or insulator
through the heat sink and above the heat sink to shield or insulate
the components above the heat sink and the wiring to the
components. By way of an example, a passive infrared (PIR) sensor
may need to be located on the face of the AC powered battery
embedded PAR30 wireless light bulb 2600 however the accompanying
circuitry to amplify the output of the PIR sensor and detect
threshold crossing may be done by circuitry on a printed circuit
board below the heat sink. In this case, the leads or wires to the
PIR sensor may be shielded or insulated through the heat sink and
the PIR sensor itself may also be shielded or insulated from heat
by a heat shield or insulator as mentioned herein to keep the
operating temperature of the PIR sensor as low as possible such
that there is no diminished performance because of higher
temperature. It is to be appreciated that the wireless control
module 2620 can be mounted in any location within the AC powered
battery embedded PAR30 wireless light bulb 2600.
[0292] In the illustrated embodiment, the AC/DC converter and power
management circuitry 2660 may contain an AC/DC converter, a
charging circuit with rechargeable batteries and power selection
and conditioning circuitry implementing functionality as described
for the AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system
2300. In an alternate embodiment, the AC powered battery embedded
PAR30 wireless light bulb 2600 may also contain a grid tie inverter
and implement functionality as described for the grid tied AC
powered battery embedded wireless light bulb system 2400.
[0293] In alternate embodiments, an AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb system may be implemented such that the primary
power source is the embedded battery and the AC input is the
secondary power source. Under normal conditions, the embedded
battery may always be providing power for the wireless light bulb
through a DC/AC inverter and the AC input is used to charge the
embedded batteries continuously. In some embodiments the wireless
light bulb may include electrical circuitry, a relay, an
optoisolator etc. to allow the AC input to be switched in to be
used as the power source. With reference to FIG. 27, the block
diagram shows an embodiment of an on line wireless light bulb 2700
architecture where the battery may be selected at the primary
source and the AC input path may be selected as the power source
(on line wireless light bulb AC switched 2710). In an alternate
embodiment, DC power may be present at the switch. In this
embodiment, there may be no DC/AC inverter after the battery and
where there may be an AC/DC converter in the AC input path after
the filter (on line wireless light bulb DC switched 2720). In
another embodiment, there may be a grid tie inverter at the output
of the battery to allow stored energy to be returned to the
line.
[0294] In embodiments of the AC powered battery embedded wireless
light bulb system, there may be a step up DC/DC converter after the
one or more battery to step up the voltage such that the output of
the one or more batteries may drive one or more chains of LEDs that
may have a higher voltage drop requirement than the one or more
batteries may provide. In alternate embodiments, there may be a
circuit present to provide a constant current supply for the one or
more chains of LEDs. In some embodiments, the AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb may contain circuitry to allow for the
shutdown of power from the AC source, the shutdown of charging, the
shutdown of drive to the LEDs and/or the control of the current
supplied through the LEDs to set light intensity (pulse width
modulation, adjustable resistor value etc.). It is to be
appreciated that any combination of controls may be implemented. By
way of an example, power supplied from the input AC source may be
shutdown, but the drive to the LEDs from the battery may be enabled
and the current through the LEDs may be adjusted to an intensity
level as required by the application. It is to be appreciated that
any architecture mentioned here in for an AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb may contain a DC/DC converter to step
up the voltage to the proper level to drive a chain of LEDs. By way
of an example, a 6'' recessed fixture AC powered battery embedded
wireless light bulb retrofit may contain batteries and a DC/DC
converter to step up the voltage to drive the one or more LED
chains. In another example, a fluorescent tube AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb may contain batteries and a DC/DC
converter to step up the voltage to drive the LEDs. In another
example, an External Power Supply with Battery LED recessed fixture
may be designed with a DC/DC converter to step up the voltage to
drive the required voltage to the recessed fixture. In another
example, a DC powered wireless light bulb such as an MR16 with a
12VDC input, may contain one or more embedded batteries and also
contain a DC/DC converter to step up the voltage to drive a chain
of LEDs. In embodiments of the an external light socket adapter, AC
outlet adapter, an AC outlet replacement, an AC powered device, an
AC circuit with embedded battery device designed with batteries
embedded, wall switch or lighting control component and the like
containing embedded batteries, the device may contain a DC/DC
converter to step up the DC voltage to a level required to output a
higher DC voltage at its output or to improve the efficiency of the
DC/AC inverter at the output.
[0295] In an alternate embodiment of a wireless light bulb powered
from only AC power or powered only by battery power, the wireless
light bulb may contain intelligence to control the light source
based on time of day and may contain a communication interface to
communicate with an external device. In this case, the intelligence
may be programmed to set the times of day that the AC powered or
battery powered wireless light bulb is on or off and what the
intensity of the light output is. By way of an example, an AC
powered wireless light bulb with a microcontroller containing a
real time clock may be programmed to set the intensity of the light
output to fifty percent of maximum light intensity during daylight
hours when there is some ambient light and to set the intensity of
the light output to maximum light output during evening hours when
there is little ambient light. This will provide some cost savings
in energy usage when lighting needs to be on most or all of the
day. It is to be appreciated that there may be any number of
changes in the light output and the light intensity may be set to
any level from off to maximum light intensity of the wireless light
bulb. The communication interface may be any communication
interface mentioned herein. The external device communicating with
and controlling or programming the wireless light bulb may be a
computer running a software program, a custom remote control, a
building management unit, a lighting circuit control unit etc. and
may have the communication interface allowing it to communicate
with the wireless light bulb. In the example that is only powered
by battery power, the intelligence may also use battery capacity
level to set the light intensity output. In such an example,
battery power may be rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries or
fuel cells. It is to be appreciated that any wireless power source
or any combination of wireless power sources may be used to supply
power to or recharge energy storage in the wireless light bulb in
connection with the battery powered wireless light bulb controlled
based on time of day.
[0296] In wireless light bulb embodiments containing an AC power
source and an embedded battery power source, there may need to be a
mechanism in place to communicate to the wireless light bulb when
to use AC power and when to use embedded power. By way of an
example, the UPS wireless light bulb may operate off of AC power.
When AC power is turned off, whether intentionally by a user
turning the light switch off or unintentional when there is a power
outage etc., the UPS wireless light bulb may automatically switch
over to battery power. In an alternate use case, the user may
desire that at times the UPS wireless light bulb does not
automatically switch over to battery power but rather that the
on/off wall switch operates the light and that there be a method to
select that the UPS wireless light bulb is enabled to operate in a
mode that automatically switch over to battery power. In this
alternate case, a slide switch on the UPS wireless light bulb that
enables or disables automatic switch over may accommodate this
function however it may be inconvenient for a user to change the
slide switch position (because of the installation location for
example in a recessed fixture in the ceiling). An alternate method
to enable or disable automatic switch over to battery is by
including an RF receiver in the UPS wireless light bulb such that a
command enabling or disabling the automatic switch over can be sent
via RF to the UPS bulb. Another alternate method to enable or
disable automatic switch over to battery is to create a mechanism
such that the wireless light bulb detects a sequencing of the power
applied to it. By way of an example, if the on/off wall switch is
turned on, then off in less than one second, the automatic switch
over to battery function is enabled the next time the wireless
light bulb is turned on. If the on/off wall switch is turned on,
then off in less than one second, then on in less than one second
or if the unit is turned on then left on for greater than one
second the automatic switch over to battery function is disabled
and control of the wireless light bulb is by the on/off wall
switch. In such a case, battery power may be used to power the
wireless light bulb during the power sequencing or a large
capacitor is charged enough that an electrical circuit is powered
and can latch the state of the on-off power sequencing such that it
may change the mode of the bulb appropriately even in the absence
of AC power or if the embedded battery power is discharged and is
not usable. It is to be appreciated that any number of power cycles
may be done to put the wireless light bulb in any number of modes
it may operate in and any type of wireless power source or sources
in the wireless light bulb may be controlled. The on/off wall
switch may contain circuitry and an alternate way to select the
mode such that the power sequencing is transparent to the user. For
example, there may be a slide switch on an on/off wall switch that
selects the mode. When the user turns the on/off wall switch on,
the electrical circuit inside the on/off wall switch sequences the
power appropriately to set the mode of operation. In an alternate
embodiment, there may be a real time clock and intelligence inside
the UPS light bulb such that it may be programmed to use one mode
of operation during certain times of the day and another mode of
operation during other times of the day. By way of an example, the
user may program the UPS light bulb to be in UPS mode during the
day when the user knows the light needs to be on even in a power
outage, however it may change modes to switch control or
automatically shut off and enter switch control mode during times
of the day when the user knows the lights should be off.
[0297] In wireless light bulb embodiments containing an AC power
source and a sensor or RF/IR control, there may need to be a
mechanism in place to communicate to the wireless light bulb when
to use the sensor or RF/IF control the wireless light bulb and when
to use the on/off wall switch to control the wireless light bulb.
By way of an example, the AC powered wireless light bulb may have a
motion sensor that may turn the bulb on when motion is detected. In
an alternate use case, the user may desire that at times the AC
powered wireless light bulb does not automatically turn on when
motion is detected but rather that the on/off wall switch operates
the light and that there is a method that the AC powered wireless
light bulb may be enabled to operate in a mode that uses the motion
sensor to control the light. In this alternate case, a slide switch
on the AC powered wireless light bulb that enables or disables
motion detection control (and that when the bulb is turned on it is
always on) may accommodate this function however it may be
inconvenient for a user to change the slide switch position
(because of the installation location for example in a recessed
fixture in the ceiling). An alternate method to enable or disable
motion detection control is by including an RF receiver in the AC
powered wireless light bulb such that a command enabling or
disabling the motion detection may be sent via RF to the AC powered
wireless light bulb. Another alternate method to enable or disable
motion detection control is to create a mechanism such that the
wireless light bulb detects a sequencing of the power applied to
it. By way of an example, if the on/off wall switch is turned on,
then off in less than one second, then on in less than one second
motion detection is enabled. If the unit is turned on and left on
for greater than one second, the control of the wireless light bulb
is by the on/off wall switch (i.e. it remains on whether there is
motion or not and is turned of by the on/off wall switch). When the
unit is turned off and left off for a period of time, the next time
the on/off wall switch is used, it can again set the mode of the
wireless light bulb. In such a case, it may be required that a
small amount of power storage exists in the wireless light bulb,
for example small battery is present or a large capacitor is
charged enough that an electrical circuit is powered and can latch
the state of the on-off power sequencing such that it may change
the mode of the bulb appropriately even in the absence of AC power
briefly. It is to be appreciated that any number of power cycles
may be done to put the wireless light bulb in any number of modes
it may operate in and any type of sensor or sensors in the wireless
light bulb may be controlled. The on/off wall switch may contain
circuitry and an alternate way to select the mode such that the
power sequencing is transparent to the user. For example, there may
be a slide switch on an on/off wall switch that enables or disables
motion detection. When the user turns the on/off wall switch on,
the electrical circuit inside the on/off wall switch sequences the
power appropriately to set the mode of operation. In an alternate
embodiment, there may be a real time clock and intelligence inside
the wireless light bulb such that it may be programmed to use one
mode of operation during certain times of the day and the other
mode of operation during other times of the day. By way of an
example, the user may program an AC powered motion sensor wireless
light bulb to be controlled by a motion sensor during the evening
hours when the user knows there is typically low occupancy, however
it may change modes to wall switch control during times of the day
when the user knows the lights should always be on due to typically
high occupancy. In another example, the AC powered motion sensor
wireless light bulb may have an embedded battery such that the user
may also be able to select the power source based on time of
day.
[0298] In wireless light bulb embodiments containing an AC power
source, an embedded battery power source and/or other wireless
power sources, there may be many reasons to switch from one power
source to another or to have power sources share the load. The
reasons to switch from one power source to another or to have power
sources share the load may be sensor or RF/IR controlled,
controlled by intelligent decision and/or controlled by power
management functions. In the case of sensor or RF/IR control, the
switch over may be based on motion detection, light detection,
power consumption measurements or any other sensor parameter that
may necessitate a switch to a different power source. For example,
an AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb may have a glow
or low light function that is powered by battery, but when motion
is detected, the bulb turns on to full brightness and is powered by
AC power. In the case of control by intelligent decision,
intelligence in the wireless light bulb (microcontroller,
microprocessor, integrated circuit etc.) may control the bulb based
on time of day or timers, knowledge gained over time based on
monitoring of sensors, a user program based on a knowledge of the
use patterns required for a particular wireless light bulb, an
individual profile based on an identification from the area (detect
an RFID personnel tag on an individual for example) etc. For
example, an AC powered battery embedded wireless light bulb may
have a motion sensor in it and a real time clock. Over a number of
days a microprocessor may build a profile of occupancy based on
motion detections recorded at particular times of the day that it
may plug into an algorithm to automatically set the light intensity
to a very low level running off of battery power when it is
apparent that there should be no motion detected or it may
anticipate when it should detect motion and switch to AC power and
turn on to full intensity prior to that time (for example first
thing in the morning at an office a few minutes prior to when the
first employee is expected to show up based on the profile of
occupancy built by the microprocessor). In the case of switch over
controlled by power management functions, the control of power
source to use may be due to low battery capacity, AC not being
present or not being usable, whether a wireless power source is
present and is usable (solar cells collecting enough energy to
share the load), depth of discharge thresholds to manage the life
cycle of rechargeable batteries, the sharing of the load by power
sources to optimize energy use for cost savings or conservation
purposes etc. By way of an example, solar cells in a wireless light
bulb may generate enough power to share the load at any time. If
the wireless light bulb monitors the solar power source and
determines that it is an appropriate power source to use based on
the power consumption requirements, it may use the solar power
source exclusively or may share the load between multiple power
sources including the solar power source.
[0299] In wireless light bulb embodiments containing an AC power
source, an embedded battery power source and/or other wireless
power sources, there are a number of methods by which the load is
shared by the sources (i.e. some amount of power required by the
load is supplied by more than one source). It has been mentioned
that the sources may be diode ored prior to the load as one method
of placing power sources in parallel. Other methods of paralleling
power sources to source power to the load may include circuits with
diodes, FETs, transistors, op amps, power converters and the like.
Once the power sources are paralleled such they may independently
supply power to the load, there may also be control to determine
the amount of power each source may deliver. By way of an example,
there may be two power sources for a light source (chain of LEDs
etc.)--an AC power source and an embedded battery power source. The
output of the AC power source and the embedded battery power source
are diode ored prior to the light source such that they may both
supply power to the light source. The output of the embedded
battery power source may be followed by a constant current source
circuit that may be adjusted to any current level required from
zero percent of the power supplied to the light source to one
hundred percent of the power supplied to the light source. There
may be circuitry to measure the amount of current flowing through
the LEDs and there may be circuitry to measure the amount of
current flowing through the constant current at the output of the
embedded battery source. If the application requires that fifty
percent of the load is delivered by the embedded battery source,
the constant current supplied by the embedded battery source may be
adjusted until the amount of current supplied is fifty percent of
the measurement of current flowing through the chain of LEDs. By
way of an example, a microcontroller with the ability to take an
analog to digital measurement at the constant current circuit at
the output of the embedded battery source and at some point in the
chain of LEDs, then adjust the amount of current at the constant
current circuit (by setting the value of a digital potentiometer or
the like) until the desired ratio of load sharing is achieved. In
an alternate embodiment, the output of the embedded battery source
is connected to an LED driver circuit that may drive a chain of
LEDs and also has the capability of control by pulse width
modulation that controls the percentage of current supplied from
the embedded battery source. In alternate embodiments, the amount
of power supplied by the AC power source is controlled. The AC
power source may have a constant current circuit at the output, may
be a constant current source by design and have the ability to
adjust the amount of current supplied by pulse width modulation and
the like. The embedded battery power source would supply the
remainder of the power to the load. It is to be appreciated that
any number of power sources may be used in connection to the
claimed subject matter.
[0300] In an illustrative embodiment shown in FIG. 28, the block
diagram shows an example AC powered super capacitor embedded
wireless light bulb system 2800 that may use an AC power input and
a super or ultra capacitor power source with an intelligent,
programmable controller to provide cost savings, security and
convenience benefits to a lighting installation. In the illustrated
embodiment, the AC powered super capacitor embedded wireless light
bulb system 2800 may include an AC/DC converter 2810, one or more
super or ultra capacitors 2820, power selection and conditioning
circuitry 2830, an intelligent, programmable time of use and power
source controller 2840, a light source or load 2850, a
communication interface 2860, and the like. The AC input may be
connected to the AC powered super capacitor embedded wireless light
bulb system 2800 by a light socket, wall outlet, terminal block,
connector, hardwired connection or any common connection that a
device requiring AC power may have to provide an AC power input.
The AC input block may contain a transformer, line cap, fuse,
inrush limiter or other type of power circuitry commonly found at
the input of an AC/DC converter or an AC powered device. By way of
an example, an inrush limiter may be used to guarantee that the
inrush current does not exceed a certain threshold especially with
a large capacitance potentially charging when AC power is first
applied. The output of the AC/DC converter 2810 may be a regulated
DC source such as a DC/DC converter circuit. It may be a constant
current source to the load for example to provide constant current
to a chain of LEDs in series. In some embodiments there may be
multiple circuits at the output of the AC/DC converter such that
one circuit may provide a power source for low current draw
circuitry such as for an intelligent, programmable time of use and
power source controller 2840 communication interface 2860, and the
like, and where a second circuit may provide a power source for
high current draw circuitry such as the light source or load 2850.
It is to be appreciated that any number power sources may be
created at the output of the AC/DC converter to meet the needs of
the application.
[0301] The output of the AC/DC converter may be connected to one or
more super or ultra capacitors 2820. The large capacitance at the
output of the regulator may provide power to the light source or
load 2850 in the absence of AC input power. The larger that the
capacitance in the capacitor or bank of capacitors, the longer that
the capacitance at the output of the regulator may power the
circuit. It is to be appreciated that the one or more super or
ultra capacitors 2820 may be in series, parallel or any combination
as required by the application. The one or more super or ultra
capacitor 2820 may charge when AC input is available. The power
source controller may control the regulator to disable it such that
even if the AC input is available, the circuitry will be powered by
one or more super or ultra capacitor 2820. The power source may
pulse width modulate the control of the regulator to accomplish any
amount of load sharing between the AC input and the one or more
super or ultra capacitor 2820. In an alternate embodiment, the one
or more super or ultra capacitors may be in the AC/DC controller
prior to the regulator and there may or may not be one or more
super or ultra capacitors 2820 after the regulator. In this case,
the capacitance in the AC/DC controller may provide the filtering
for the output of the rectifier circuit but will also be able to
provide a power source to the circuit in the absence of AC input
power for some period of time. In alternate embodiments, there may
also be a rechargeable battery and charging circuit after the
regulator in addition to the one or more super or ultra capacitors
2820. The combination of a rechargeable battery and large
capacitance as a rechargeable power source may allow the design to
contain the positive aspects of both approaches. The capacitive
energy storage will charge and be available quickly whereas
rechargeable batteries will provide a lot of storage for a low
cost.
[0302] In some RF or IR transmitter embodiments, the RF or IR
transmitter may rely on energy harvesting techniques to power or
charge the device. For example, a transmitter in a housing that can
mount to a wall may contain one or more solar cells, a large
capacitor, a microcontroller, an RF transmitter, and the like. The
microcontroller and RF transmitter may typically be in a low
current sleep mode. The solar cells and capacitor may be sized to
provide enough energy storage and recharge capability such that the
switches on the RF transmitter may be pressed several times sending
commands to a wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless light
fixture before the capacitor cannot supply enough energy to
transmit the command. Under normal usage, the solar cells and
capacitor may contain enough power and recharge capability such
that there may not be an instance that the button would be pushed
and not transmit a command. In an alternate embodiment, instead of
a solar cell, a piezoelectric device may be designed on a handheld
transmitter such that energy is harvested from the motion of the
device. In this case, when the user waves the piezoelectric powered
device in the direction of the light with a button pressed, the
device may transmit a command to turn the light on or off. In
another example, perhaps a button does not need to be pushed and
that the waving of the device may transmit a toggle command when
enough energy is harvested from the motion to toggle the state of
the light. It is to be appreciated that any form of energy
harvesting may be used in conjunction with the RF or IR transmitter
concepts mentioned herein.
[0303] In another RF or IR transmitter embodiment, a wireless light
bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture may be controlled
by a remote light sensor with an RF transmitter. The measured light
level may be periodically transmitted to one or more wireless light
bulbs or battery powered wireless lighting fixtures. The wireless
light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture may contain
an RF receiver and an intelligent device such as a microcontroller
that may allow the measured light level to be interpreted and such
interpretation may lead to a state change. By way of an example, a
wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless light fixture may
be installed in a hallway that receives some ambient light from
windows or other lights in the area. The desired light level may be
programmed into the wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless
lighting fixture. The remote light sensor may be placed on the
floor or wall of the hallway below the light that is to be
controlled. Every five seconds, the light sensor with an RF
transmitter may transmit the measured light level to the wireless
light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture. When
received, the light intensity may be left unchanged, adjusted up or
adjusted down automatically to set the light intensity to be at a
preprogrammed level or range. In an alternate embodiment, the
remote light sensor is a handheld device that a user may use to set
the light intensity level for the daylight harvesting function
where the light intensity is set based on the ambient light level
detected such that the ambient light plus the light generated by
the light source maintain a constant light level. In this
embodiment, the user may walk into a room with the remote light
sensor handheld device and press a button to take a reading. The
remote light sensor handheld device may have a transmitter such
that it may transmit the reading to the wireless light bulb battery
powered wireless lighting fixture. The wireless light bulb battery
powered wireless lighting fixture may be programmed by the
transmission or it may use the detected light level information to
set its light intensity level appropriately. Alternately, the user
may use an alternate method to enter the detected lux reading into
the wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting
fixtures. For example, the user may open a graphical user interface
with a software application that would allow the user to enter the
settings for the daylight harvesting functions as well as the
detected light levels. There may be net light values based on time
of day or any other input to the unit that user may desire a
different net light value. In another example, the user may
manually adjust the constant light level using a control, such as a
dial, on the RF transmitter, on the wireless light bulb or on the
battery powered wireless lighting fixtures based on the
reading.
[0304] In some embodiments, there may be multiple remote light
sensors and multiple wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures in the same area. By way of an example,
in a conference room, multiple PAR38 wireless light bulbs may be
installed in recessed fixtures. In this example, three remote light
sensors are placed in the conference room on top of each end of and
on top of the center of the conference room table. The multiple
wireless light bulbs may receive the light intensity measurements
and adjust the light intensity output as programmed. Unique IDs may
be set in each of the wireless light bulbs such that all wireless
light bulbs may receive all remote light sensor transmissions or
the wireless light bulbs and remote light sensors may be grouped in
areas by setting the unique IDs to create operational groups. In
some embodiments, the user may have a separate remote controller
that may allow programming the wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture to respond in different ways to
the remote light sensor input. The remote controller may have
multiple scenes programmed in. In the conference room example,
there may be a presentation scene where there are different light
intensities in different parts of the room or there may be a
meeting scene where the lights are set to high light intensity
throughout the room. The remote controller may allow methods to
create scenes and program the details (light intensity, timing,
time of day response, groups of lights etc) into the wireless light
bulbs. The remote controller may have a method to override the use
of the remote light sensors and allow a user to directly control
the light intensity of one or more wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures.
[0305] A daylight harvesting kit may be constructed consisting of
an AC powered wireless light bulb with a receiver and a remote
light sensor transmitter. There may be a control on the AC powered
wireless light bulb or on the remote light sensor transmitter to
set the net light level that a user desires or it may be programmed
in some other manner over the communication interface. A user may
install the wireless light bulb and place the remote light sensor
transmitter in a location where the user wants a net light value to
be maintained. The user then turns on the wireless light bulb and
sets the net light value through the means of control provided.
Thereafter the wireless light bulb may receive periodic
transmissions from the remote light sensor transmitter and adjust
its light intensity appropriately.
[0306] In some embodiments a wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module may be controlled by a light sensor designed into
the unit. In such a case a daylight harvesting function may be
implemented where the light intensity generated by the light source
is set based on the ambient light level detected such that the
ambient light plus the light generated by the light source maintain
a constant light level. The net amount of light may be set by a
user either by programming the net light value into the wireless
light bulb or wireless lighting module through a programming method
over the communication interface or it may be set directly on the
unit through a method of control such as a dial, push buttons,
slide switches and the like where a user may set the net light they
desire directly and thereafter the wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module will adjust the output light intensity to maintain
the detected light level at the user setting. In alternate
embodiments, there may be more than one net light setting where the
selection of which light intensity setting to use is based on time
of day, inputs from other forms of wireless control designed into
the bulb, intelligent decisions made based on inputs to the
wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module such as battery
charge level and the like. In order to measure the amount of
ambient light in the area, the wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module may turn off the light source, read and analyze the
ambient light measurement, then set the light intensity of the
light source. The wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module
may store the net light setting in memory inside the unit such that
when power is turned off the user setting is not lost. In the case
where there is a dial, push buttons, switches and the like on the
unit, the unit may read and analyze those inputs as needed to set
the desired net light value. It is to be appreciated that the
daylight harvesting function may be used in conjunction with any
form of wireless control or any intelligent function mentioned
herein.
[0307] By way of an example, a wireless light bulb may contain a
light sensor and a dial on the light sensor to set the net amount
of light. The user may install the wireless light bulb, turn it on,
then turn the dial on the bulb until the amount of light generated
is what the user desires. Thereafter, whatever amount of ambient
light that is detected, the bulb will automatically set the light
intensity to provide the desired light output. In another example,
a battery powered RF controlled LED spotlight contains a light
sensor and a slide switch that allows multiple net light settings
to be selected. The spotlight may then set the light output based
on the desired net light value and the detected ambient light
level. When the user turns on the spotlight via a remote control,
the spotlight may then read and analyze the input from the light
sensor, then set the light intensity of the output appropriately to
meet the net light value. In another example, an AC powered battery
embedded wireless light bulb designed to retrofit into a 6''
fixture contains a light sensor. Intelligence in the unit may store
energy in the rechargeable battery during off peak hours and use
the battery to power the light source during on peak hours. If the
unit implements a daylight harvesting function, battery life may be
extended and the user may then continue to get the desired net
light, thus the lighting installation may operate as necessary and
there may be a cost savings through controls.
[0308] In another embodiment, a wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module may contain a light sensor and the ability to
adjust the light output to compensate for the deterioration of LED
performance over the life of the bulb. It is known that LED
performance may deteriorate over time. The light sensor may be used
to help ensure that the light output remains consistent, such as by
increasing the drive current to the LEDs based on the detected
light level. In an alternate embodiment, the wireless light bulb or
wireless lighting module may contain only a timer or real time
clock internally and may keep a record of the number of hours the
wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module has been used.
Based on the number of hours the LED light source has been
illuminated, the wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module
may contain the intelligence to increase the drive current to the
LEDs based on an algorithm that predicts the rate of deterioration
in the performance of the LEDs. In some embodiments, the user may
have access to the stored information of number of hours of on time
and drive level such that a user may determine the health or level
of performance of the LEDs at any time. In an alternate embodiment,
the wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module may contain a
transmitter such that it may transmit the performance information
to a processor to keep a record of the performance and/or for
analysis.
[0309] In one embodiment, a wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module may contain an array of light sensors (CdS or
photodiodes) sensitive to different bands of light wavelength such
that it may be used to create a "spectrum analyzer" of light in the
desired band. This may be designed into a wireless light bulb,
wireless lighting module or it may be a separate unit with a
transmitter that may detect the information of the spectrum and
transmit the information to a wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module containing a receiver. The wireless light bulb or
wireless lighting module may use the information to adjust the
color of the output light to meet a specific light or wireless
lighting module spectrum envelope. By way of an example, an array
of eight CdS sensors occupying consecutive parts of the band of
visible light from 2800K to 4400K, with the first sensor measuring
lux from 2800K to 3000K, the second sensor measuring lux from 3000K
to 3200K and so on. The measured spectrum of light may then be used
to set the mix of red, green and blue LEDs to create the desired
spectrum of light output. In some embodiments, this sensor may be
used to provide the user with different light options, such as
tungsten, natural light, candle light, fluorescent, and such, to
match the user's preference, or to match the other lights in the
vicinity.
[0310] In another illustrative embodiment, a version of the
wireless light bulb is used in External Power Supply with Battery
LED recessed fixture 2900 applications. With reference to FIG. 29,
illustrated is a perspective view of an embodiment of an External
Power Supply with Battery LED recessed fixture 2900. In the
illustrated embodiment, the External Power Supply with Battery LED
recessed fixture 2900 includes a housing 2910, an AC input 2920, an
external power supply for AC/DC conversion and battery management
functions 2930, a DC input 2940, a printed circuit for wireless
control and LED drive circuitry 2950, a plurality of LEDs 2960 and
a heatsink 2970. In this embodiment, the AC/DC power supply and
batteries are external to the housing, electronics, thermal
management and light source. The batteries may be rechargeable or
non-rechargeable and may be internal to the housing of the AC/DC
power supply. In alternate embodiments, the batteries may be
external to the housing of the AC/DC power supply and are
electrically connected to the power supply. In alternate
embodiments, the AC/DC power supply and batteries may be external
to the recessed fixture and may both be connected to the fixture.
In such an embodiment, electronics for wireless control and LED
drive circuitry 2950 may make an intelligent decision on which
power source to use. It is noted that the External Power Supply
with Battery LED recessed fixture 2900 may be designed in any size
or shape housing 2910 to meet the requirements of any standard size
bulb (PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16 etc), non-standard size bulb,
fixture, fluorescent bulb or lamp (T4, T5, T8, circular etc.) or
down light assembly (recessed fixtures, fluorescent fixtures or
down light fixtures for residential or industrial lighting), or the
like. It is noted that the external power supply may be designed in
any size or shape to meet the requirements with typical
characteristics of an AC input, DC output and in the case where
external batteries are used a connection to those batteries. The
external power supply may have intelligence built in to make a
decision to use the AC input, internal or external batteries or
both to power the External Power Supply with Battery LED recessed
fixture 2900. In alternate embodiments, the external power supply
may have a grid tie inverter and associated circuitry designed in
such that it may return stored energy to the grid as described
herein. In alternate embodiments, the external power supply is
replaced by a ballast for fluorescent lighting applications. In
such a case there may be rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries
internal to the housing of the ballast. In alternate embodiments,
the batteries may be external to the housing of the ballast and are
electrically connected to the ballast where the ballast contains
the intelligence to select the power source. In an alternate
embodiment, there is a controller separate from the ballast that
works in conjunction with the ballast to control the lighting. In
such a case there may be rechargeable or non-rechargeable internal
to the housing of the controller. In alternate embodiments, the
batteries may be external to the housing of the controller and are
electrically connected to the controller. In such an embodiment,
the controller may contain wireless control or an intelligent
device in the form of a microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated
circuit etc to make an intelligent decision on storing power in the
batteries and which power source to use.
[0311] In some wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless
lighting fixture embodiments, there may be an LED on the bulb or
fixture that the battery capacity is below a threshold (battery low
indication) or that there may be a fault condition in the bulb or
fixture. An LED may be a colored LED and it may display status in
by being on solid or blinking in some manner that may provide an
indication of the nature of the fault condition. An LED may provide
a positive indication also. By way of an example, a green LED may
be on a bulb or fixture to indicate that the battery level is good.
A multicolored LED may be used to provide multiple indications. By
way of an example, when the LED is green, the battery level is
good, when the LED is yellow the battery level is marginal and when
the LED is red the battery level is too low. In alternate
embodiments, there may be a transmitter on the wireless light bulb
or battery powered wireless lighting fixture that may transmit an
indication of the status of the bulb or fixture to a receiver that
can process and make use of the indication. By way of an example,
in a safety lighting system that contains battery embedded power,
the bulb or fixture may transmit an indication of a low battery
level to a central controller to allow the battery to be changed or
guarantee that the battery may be recharged. A network of bulbs or
fixtures may be used to forward the transmitted indications back to
a central controller to process the information.
[0312] In some embodiments, a wireless light bulb may be connected
an AC input that is triac dimmer controlled. In this case, the
wireless light bulb may detect a zero crossing of the AC waveform,
may be able to determine the amount of the waveform that has been
shut off by the triac and may adjust a PWM dimming control to one
or more LEDs such that the triac dimmer control that is in a wall
switch or similar device may still control the intensity of the
light output. In a triac dimmer control, the power delivered to the
wireless light bulb may be enough to power the wireless light bulb
even if a portion of the power delivered to the wireless light bulb
is eliminated by the triac. By way of an example, the dimming
function for the wireless light bulb may work down to a level where
only twenty percent of the power is delivered to the wireless light
bulb because the power after the diode bridge and prior to a
regulator circuit may still be enough to provide power to the light
source and circuitry in the wireless light bulb. In this example,
the light intensity controlled by the PWM control of the one or
more LEDs may set the light intensity to zero output when only
twenty percent of the AC input waveform is detected by the wireless
light bulb. From twenty percent to one hundred percent of the
waveform, the dimming levels will be set in the PWM control to
provide a full dimming range for the wireless light bulb. In
alternate embodiments, there may be also an alternate power source
available in the wireless light bulb such as batteries or a super
capacitor that allows the AC input detection circuitry and
intelligence in the wireless light bulb to operate even when the AC
input is below a threshold that would power the wireless light
bulb. In such a case, the wireless light bulb may use the AC input
as long as it has determined that it is acceptable for use, but
then switch over to the alternate power source when it is not
acceptable to use. The alternate power source may be used to power
the light source and control circuitry all of the time and the AC
input with triac dimmer control may only used to allow the wireless
light bulb to detect the waveform to set the PWM control of the
LEDs to achieve the desired light intensity and to recharge the
batteries. In some embodiments, the triac dimming control wall
switch plate may be replaced by an RF transmitter wall switch plate
with dimming controls that send dim up and dim down commands to one
or more wireless light bulbs with RF receivers allowing them to
perform the PWM dimming control to set the light intensity.
[0313] Preset lighting zones and scenes may be programmed into a
wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture to
allow a user to select a specific light intensity or setting. The
lighting zones and scenes may be preprogrammed (as part of a
specific embodiment of a bulb or fixture with settings that a user
would typically require for certain applications) or they may be
setup and programmed by the user. Lighting zones may be set up
using unique IDs such that some of the bulbs or fixtures in a
certain area may operate similarly.
[0314] In some battery powered wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture embodiments, there may be energy
harvesting methods employed to supplement and recharge embedded
battery power. In one use case, a wireless light bulb parking lot
light or street lamp may be designed that may harvest wind power to
power the light source and control circuitry and/or charge embedded
battery power. In the example use case, a small wind mill is built
inside the housing of the parking lot light or street lamp. The
housing has openings to allow wind to turn the mechanism, but the
wind mill is not visible. In some embodiments, the wind mill may be
visible. The wind energy is converted to electrical energy and
either directly powers the light or is stored in the embedded
battery. The parking lot or street lamp may or may not have an AC
power source in addition to the wind power and embedded battery
power sources. In alternate use cases, energy is harvested from a
turnstile, for example at a subway station or sporting event. The
spinning motion of the turnstile generates electricity that powers
the light source and control circuitry and/or charges embedded
battery power. In another use case, the wireless lighting module is
similar to a collar that opens and closes. When closed it may be
locked onto whatever it closes on. The inside portion spins and the
outside portion remains fixed. By way of an example the wireless
lighting module may be affixed to the roof of a revolving door with
screws or another attachment mechanism and the inner portion is
attached to the spinning part of the revolving door. The outside
portion has the light in it, the inside portion spins with whatever
it is attached to and generates electricity as it spins. In this
use case, the wireless lighting module may be attached to anything
that is spinning to generate electricity for use by the wireless
lighting module. This may be used in revolving doors, carousels,
turnstiles etc. In alternate use cases, the wireless lighting
module may mount to a pole and blades may be attached to the
spinning portion to allow for wind energy to be converted to
electrical energy to power and/or charge batteries in the wireless
lighting module.
[0315] In some use cases the wireless lighting module may be
designed to harvest energy from the opening and closing of a door.
When the door is opened or closed, a porch light that is outside of
the door stores energy via electromagnetic induction or any other
energy harvesting method from the opening and closing of the door.
In another use case, a computer keyboard may be designed with a
piezoelectric device under each key such that when the key is
pressed, electricity is generated. An electrical circuit may be
wired from the keyboard along with the keyboard connection to the
computer to a wireless lighting module in the form of a desk lamp
that may be powered from the electricity harvested from the key
presses. The desk lamp may contain rechargeable batteries to store
the energy generated by the key presses. In another use case, a
wireless lighting module may be designed such that a portable water
mill may be place in flowing water and cabled to a wireless
lighting module in the form of a path light or spotlight mounted to
the ground with a stake. The wireless lighting module may contain
rechargeable batteries to store energy for later use. The wireless
lighting module may contain an RF receiver such that it may be
controlled with a remote control to turn the light on or off as
needed. In alternate use cases, a similar wireless lighting module
may be used on a boat as a power source and charging source for
wireless lighting modules on the boat. As the boat moves through
the water, electricity may be created to power the light on the
boat.
[0316] In some wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless
lighting fixture embodiments, there may be a receiver control
module such that the same design of light source, thermal
management, AC/DC circuit, regulator circuitry, housing, battery
management etc may be used, but the wireless control and embedded
intelligence may change to use different communication interfaces,
different types of sensors, different types of embedded
intelligence or different types of LED control and power
management. This may allow changing from one control type to
another (LEDs, thermal, AC/DC etc stay same, lighting control
module changes to allow the bulb or fixture to be part of different
control topologies). By way of an example, a receiver control
module may be a printed circuit board containing intelligence
(microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated circuit etc.), a
communication interface, battery charging and control circuitry,
light source drive and control circuitry, and the like. For
example, one module may be designed for a wireless light bulb that
uses ZIGBEE as a communication interface. An alternate module may
be designed for a wireless light bulb that uses BLUETOOTH as a
communication interface in a printed circuit board that may be the
same form factor as the ZIGBEE based receiver control module. An
alternate module may be designed for a wireless light bulb that
uses the ENOCEAN protocol as a communication interface in a printed
circuit board that may be the same form factor as the ZIGBEE based
or BLUETOOTH based receiver control module. In those three cases,
the base wireless light bulb design may remain the same, but the
receiver control module may be changed to create three wireless
light bulb options that could be integrated with different system
architectures. In another example, the receiver control module with
a real time clock embedded may be installed to control the light
source based on time of day. Alternately, the receiver control
module that may receive and forward commands in a mesh network may
be installed to create a mesh network of wireless light bulb or
battery powered wireless lighting fixture. It is to be appreciated
that the receiver control module may contain any combination of
intelligence, communication interfaces, sensors, battery charging
and control circuitry and light source drive and control circuitry
mentioned herein. In some embodiments the module may be referred to
as a sensor control module as it may provide sensor functions that
may operate with or without a communication interface. In some
embodiments, the module may be referred to as a transceiver control
module as it would contain a transmitter and receiver such that the
module may transmit, receive and in some embodiments be part of a
network of wireless light bulbs or battery powered wireless
lighting fixtures. In other embodiments, the module may be an
intelligent control module that may provide intelligent function
such as programmable time of day control. It is to be appreciated
that a module may be designed that contains any mix of
functionality of the modules mentioned herein.
[0317] In some embodiments, the receiver control module may be
built into the wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless
lighting fixture. In other embodiments, the receiver control module
may be replaceable by opening the wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture, removing receiver control module
and replacing it with a different receiver control module. In this
case, the receiver control module may have a connector to allow it
to make electrical and mechanical connection to the bulb or
fixture. In other embodiments, the receiver control module is
external to the bulb or fixture and is in its own housing of any
size or shape as required by the application. In this case, there
may be a connector on the bulb or fixture and on the receiver
control module to allow it to be plugged into or unplugged from the
bulb or fixture. It is to be appreciated that the receiver control
module may be changeable in place (i.e. it may be reprogrammed over
the communication interface such that the same hardware provides a
different set of functionality).
[0318] In embodiments of the wireless light module or apparatus
where there is a wireless power source, there may exist the
capability that the wireless lighting module or apparatus may be
removed from its installed location and used as a mobile light
source (i.e. carried around, attached to a vehicle etc). In some
embodiments, the entire wireless lighting module or apparatus may
be a mobile light source, but in other embodiments some part of the
wireless lighting module or apparatus may be removed and used as a
mobile light source. By way of an example, an LED spotlight with
any type of wireless power and wireless control source may be
installed at any location. If desired, a user may remove the LED
spotlight or a portion of the LED spotlight from its installed
location and walk around with the spotlight using it as a light
source. In one example, the LED spotlight is attached to a tree
without driving into the tree to mount the spotlight.
[0319] In embodiments, a wireless lighting module or wireless light
bulb may use a real time clock to maintain timer or time of day
information for use by intelligent functions. In alternate
embodiments, a wireless lighting module or wireless light bulb may
maintain timer or time of day information through the use of a
microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated circuit etc. that may
keep track of time independently or with an associated crystal
oscillator, clock oscillator, electrical circuit that oscillates or
the like. An external time source may be used to calibrate or
update the timer or time of day clock to synchronize with the
external time source to set the internal time source and/or
compensate for clock drift of the internal time source. In
alternate embodiments, a module or bulb may use an atomic clock
receiver inside the module or bulb to receive accurate and reliable
time of day clock from a clock source provided by a radio
transmitter. By way of an example, the transmitting clock source
may be the WWV or WWVB radio controlled clocks that are transmitted
by the NIST time signal radio station or the like. In such a case,
a user may not need to set the time of day. It may be set
automatically by receiving a radio signal containing clock
information that may be used to update the time of day information
kept in the module or bulb. In such a case, the module or bulb will
be able to regularly update its internal clock to keep it as
accurate as possible. It may also be able to automatically adjust
for daylight savings time changes. In some embodiments, a module or
bulb that may be able to receive atomic clock information may
retransmit it to other stations that cannot receive the atomic
clock information for any reason. In this case, a network of
wireless lighting modules or wireless light bulbs may benefit from
the distribution of time of day information that is distributed
though the network. In alternate embodiments, Network Time Protocol
(NTP) or any other time distribution protocol may be used to
distribute timer and/or time of day information in a network of
wireless lighting modules and wireless light bulbs. By
synchronizing modules and bulbs to a common clock, complete
lighting installations will be able to operate synchronized in
time. In addition, in a case where intelligence inside the modules
and bulbs will be used to change state at particular times or times
of day, a synchronized clock across the network may allow them to
do so independently, but still synchronized in time. In alternate
embodiments, the wireless light module or wireless light bulb may
contain an astronomical time clock that maintains day, date,
sunrise, sunset and daylight savings information to allow the
module or bulb state to be changed based on the information from
the astronomical time clock.
[0320] In another embodiment, a version of the wireless lighting
module may target wireless LED spotlight applications where there
is a mounting mechanism to mount the spotlights to support bars of
a drop ceiling. In an alternate embodiment, there is a mounting
mechanism to mount the spotlights directly to the ceiling, wall or
under cabinet. In either case, the spotlight has the ability to
have the direction of the light source changed. Thus, one or more
wireless LED spotlights may be used to be installed similar to
track lights but use wireless power therefore they may be installed
in any location the user desires ("wireless track light"). By way
of an example, a wireless track light may be created by one or more
wireless LED spotlights that illuminate an area of approximately
one hundred fifty square feet. Alternate embodiments may include
but are not limited to any known light source including LEDs,
compact fluorescent, incandescent bulbs, and the like, and can
illuminate any size area required by the application.
[0321] The wireless track light may include one or more wireless
power sources such as a battery. By way of an example, the wireless
track light may consist of one or more spotlights powered by 3 D
batteries. It should be understood that in alternate embodiments
any number and type of known batteries may be used, including
without limitation all known alkaline and nickel-cadmium batteries,
depending on size and power requirements. According to another
example, the power source may be any number and type of
rechargeable batteries and/or non-rechargeable batteries. Pursuant
to a further illustration, the power source may be a combination of
a solar cell and one or more batteries (e.g., rechargeable,
non-rechargeable). Thus, for instance, a battery can supplement the
power supplied by the solar cell (or vice versa) and/or the solar
cell can recharge a battery.
[0322] In embodiments, the wireless power source may supply power
to the spotlights to enable installing, moving, replacing, etc. the
wireless track light at substantially any indoor or outdoor
location while mitigating the need for expensive and time consuming
wiring and/or utilization of aesthetically unpleasing and
potentially inconvenient cords commonly associated with
conventional lighting. In alternate embodiments the power source
may include a fuel cell, such as and without limitation a hydrogen
fuel cell, a reformed methanol fuel cell, or the like. In alternate
embodiments, the power source may include a capacitor, array of
capacitor, super capacitor, and the like, to store energy to be
used as a power source similar to a battery. There may exist a
charging mechanism such as a connector that allows the lights to
plug into a charging base, a DC jack such that a wall transformer
may be plugged into a normal AC outlet and into the DC jack to
charge the unit or the light may contain a battery door allowing
the rechargeable batteries to be removed, charged and replaced and
the like.
[0323] In embodiments, it is to be appreciated that the wireless
LED spotlight used to create the wireless track light may use RF or
IR control, sensor control or any form of wireless control
mentioned herein. By way of an example, the wireless track light
with multiple RF controlled wireless spotlights may be controlled
by a remote control RF transmitter. It is to be appreciated that
the wireless LED spotlight may contain the intelligence necessary
to implement the programmable functions for a wireless light module
or apparatus mentioned herein. In some embodiments, the housing may
not be similar to a spotlight but rather it may be similar to the
ceiling light or any other form of housing for a wireless lighting
module or apparatus mentioned herein. In some embodiments, there
may be a rail or bar that mounts to the ceiling, wall or under
cabinet and the wireless lights that make up the wireless track
light attach to the rail or bar. In an alternate embodiment, the
rail or bar may contain a wireless power source such as batteries
such that the wireless lights are powered by that power source and
may not contain a power source internally. In such a case, there
may be electrical wiring from the power source within the rail or
bar to the individual wireless lights. In an alternate embodiment,
the rail or bar contains one or more connector that the lights plug
in to that provide a power source and control. In some embodiments,
the rail or bar may also contain a wireless control source that is
wired to the wireless lights or is available at the connectors the
lights plug into such that a single point of wireless control may
control all of the wireless lights used with the wireless track
light. In the embodiment where there is a mounting mechanism to
mount the spotlights to support bars of a drop ceiling, there may
be wireless power or wireless control installed above the support
bar (i.e. hidden from sight) and wired to the wireless lights via
wires that enter the wireless light at the mounting mechanism above
the support bars of the drop ceiling.
[0324] In embodiments of the ceiling light, there may exist in the
ceiling light module a carbon monoxide, smoke detectors, heat
detector, flame detector and/or thermal sensors in addition to any
other form of wireless control or wireless power that may be
present. In some embodiments there may be an indication of an alarm
when the detector crosses some threshold. In such a case, the alarm
may be audible through a bell, buzzer, horn, speaker etc. The
ceiling light may also provide a visible indication of the alarm
for example by blinking the light, illuminating a different color
light source like a red LED or the like. In some embodiments, the
ceiling light may contain a transmitter that may transmit a message
to indicate an alarm and a disparate device may take action based
on the alarm. By way of an example, the ceiling light may include a
smoke detector that may transmit a message to a fire alarm system.
In an alternate example, the ceiling lights may form a mesh network
such that the detection of an alarm in one location may be
propagated through the network such that other ceiling lights
installed in the area may provide an alarm indication even if they
do not directly detect the alarm situation. In one use case of this
example, a set of eight ceiling lights with one or more of the
sensors mentioned herein work as a group such that when one ceiling
light detects the alarm, all of the ceiling lights generate an
alarm automatically. In this case, there may be no need for a
central controller and the distributed intelligence in the ceiling
lights provides a standalone safety system. In an alternate
embodiment, the ceiling light may contain a motion sensor such that
it may be able to transmit a message to a home alarm system to
provide an indication of an intruder. There may also be a button on
the ceiling lights that allow a user to push the button to test the
one or more ceiling lights such that when the button is pushed, the
alarm message is propagated through the network. In alternate
embodiments the unit is in the form of a night light or sensor
light that may be mounted anywhere, there may exist in the night
light or sensor light module a carbon monoxide, smoke detectors,
heat detector, flame detector and/or thermal sensors in addition to
any other form of wireless control or wireless power that may be
present and the indication of an alarm may be as mentioned herein.
By way of an example, a motion sensor night light that is battery
powered may operate under normal conditions as a night light that
may be installed anywhere, however it may also contain a smoke
detector such that when smoke is detected, an alarm indication of
some type is asserted such as a buzzer to provide an audible
indication of the alarm condition.
[0325] In another embodiment, a version of the wireless lighting
module may target wireless LED spotlight applications where a UV or
IR light source is present in the spotlight. When motion is
detected, the LED spotlight turns on the UV or IR light source such
that a detector (security camera etc) may be able to see the area
illuminated by the UV or IR light without the light being visible
to anyone or anything in the area. By way of an example, this
application for safety and security may allow a user to see an
intruder without the intruder knowing that they have been
detected.
[0326] A number of methods have been mentioned herein by which a
wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module may be programmed
or configured for operation. The methods in embodiments of the
programmable wireless light bulb or programmable wireless lighting
module may include direct configuration or control of the unit
through one or more buttons, dials, toggles, switches, levers,
knobs, an LED touch screen, a keypad, or any such controls on the
unit, configuration of the unit via the communication interface,
configuration of the unit by design, configuration of the unit by
factory pre-programming, configuration of the unit through
processing the inputs and adjusting state appropriately,
configuration of the unit through some sequence of action to
indicated to the unit a configuration and the like. It is to be
appreciated that any combination of programming or configuration
method is possible in embodiments of a wireless light bulb or
wireless lighting module.
[0327] In a direct configuration example, configuration and
programming is controlled by the setting and use of one or more
input devices accessible to the user on the unit itself. By way of
an example, an AC powered wireless light bulb with a light sensor
may have a dial on the unit that allows the user to set the net
light level directly. To do this, the user may turn the light on in
an environment with any amount of ambient light and turn the dial
until the light intensity provided by the light plus the amount of
ambient light is at a level desired by the user. Intelligence
within the AC powered wireless light bulb with light sensor will
thereafter monitor the detected light level from the light sensor
and adjust the light intensity output to match the user setting. In
an alternate direct configuration example, an AC powered wireless
light bulb in a PAR30 form factor the user may have access to a
slide switch with multiple positions each position representing a
light output level. Intelligence, electrical circuitry etc in the
bulb may detect the switch position and adjust the light intensity
level based on the switch setting. For example, the light output
level of the bulb in one setting may be equivalent in light output
to a typical 40 W incandescent light bulb, in a second switch
setting it may be equivalent to a 60 W incandescent light bulb and
in a third switch setting it may be equivalent to 75 W incandescent
light bulb. Thus the user may have one PAR30 light bulb that, by
changing the switch position on the bulb, have available to them
three different light bulb types. In an alternate example, the
slide switch is replaced by a dial and the user may turn the dial
to a more exact brightness level. In this example, when the dial is
turned to the lowest setting, the bulb may have a light output
equivalent to a typical 20 W incandescent light bulb and when the
dial is turned to the highest setting, the bulb may have a light
output equivalent to a typical 75 W incandescent bulb. Thus, the
light output may be adjusted using the dial from equivalent to a 20
W incandescent bulb to the equivalent of a 75 W incandescent bulb.
This function may be used a dimmer switch for bulbs that are used
in applications where the bulb is within reach of the user, for
example a desk lamp, a reading lamp, an interior automotive lamp
etc where the dimmer switch is in effect located on the bulb
itself.
[0328] In a configuration of the unit via the communication
interface example, a wired or wireless connection to the unit may
allow a user to configure or program a wireless light bulb or
wireless lighting module by sending and receiving messages over the
communication interface to program any functionality mentioned
herein. It is to be appreciated that the wireless light bulb or
wireless lighting module may contain volatile and/or non-volatile
memory to store the configuration or program information. In the
example of the light bulb that may be set to a 40 W, 60 W or 75 W
incandescent bulb equivalent, a command may be sent to the bulb
over a communication interface to select the light intensity level
for operation. In another example, the unit has a connector on the
unit that a user may plug a cable with the other end plugged into
some type of programming apparatus (computer, handheld etc.) such
that a user may configure or program the unit using the programming
apparatus. In a configuration of the unit by design or by
configuration of the unit by factory pre-programming example, a
wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module may have a level
preset such that the user may expect the functionality to operate
as such. For example, there may be a single auto-shutoff timer in a
motion sensor controlled product where the auto-shutoff time is set
in the design or pre-programmed at the factory based on a customer
order. In an alternate example, a daylight harvesting wireless
light bulb is preset such that the output light intensity plus the
measurement of the ambient light level is maintained at a constant
light level. In this case, a daylight harvesting bulb that
maintains the equivalent ambient light level as a 60 W incandescent
bulb by setting its output light intensity to meet the
preprogrammed light detection level equivalent to the 60 W
incandescent bulb.
[0329] In a configuration of the unit through processing the inputs
and adjusting state appropriately or configuration of the unit
through some sequence of action to indicate to the unit a
configuration, the unit may learn its configuration and in effect
program itself for operation. For example, a motion sensor
controlled wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module that
also contains a time of day clock may detect a lot of motion at
certain times of the day. If the motion statistics exceed a certain
level, the unit may program itself to turn on automatically at that
time of day just prior to when the detections would indicated the
expected motion. In an alternate example, power sequencing may be
used to configure the operation of a wireless light bulb. If the
power is sequenced on, then off, then on again in durations of time
understood by the wireless light bulb, the bulb may be configured
for a specific operation. For example, if a motion controlled
wireless light bulb is turned on and left on, the motion sensor may
be disabled. If the power is sequenced in the manner described, the
motion sensor may be enabled and controls the wireless light bulb
until power is turned off.
[0330] In an embodiment, a wireless AC outlet may be designed with
batteries embedded to provide power to any kind of electrical
device that plugs into the outlet. The adapter may contain an
integrated wireless power source (batteries for example), a DC/AC
inverter and control that is either wireless control or manual
control such as a switch on the wireless AC outlet that may turn it
on or off. The user may then plug in AC powered devices to the
wireless AC outlet to power that device. By way of an example, a
wireless AC outlet may be mounted to a wall in any location the
user desires or it may be mounted to a post that may be driven into
the ground. It is to be appreciated that the wireless AC outlet may
be designed in any housing and contain any mounting mechanism as
required by a particular application. It is to be appreciated that
the power supplied by the wireless AC outlet may be limited to the
energy delivery capacity of the integrated power source. By way of
an example, a wireless AC outlet with a single AC socket and 4 C
alkaline batteries may be limited to the power that the C batteries
may be able to provide to an AC powered device. In embodiments that
are powered by batteries, the wireless AC outlet may contain a
battery door that allows the batteries to be removed and replaced
with fresh batteries. In an alternate embodiment, the wireless AC
outlet may contain rechargeable batteries and a method to charge
the batteries. The wireless AC outlet may contain a connector that
allows it to plug into a charging base, it may contain a DC jack
such that a wall transformer may be plugged into a normal AC outlet
and into the DC jack on the wireless AC outlet, it may contain a
battery door allowing the rechargeable batteries to be removed,
charged and replaced and the like. In alternate embodiments, the
wireless AC outlet may contain an energy harvesting wireless power
source and integrated rechargeable batteries such that the energy
harvesting source may provide power to the wireless AC outlet
and/or charge the batteries as necessary. By way of an example, a
wireless AC outlet contains solar cells and an electrical circuit
necessary to take the energy received from the solar cells and
provide power for the wireless AC outlet, charge the batteries
and/or share the load between the solar cells and batteries.
[0331] In embodiments containing a grid tie inverter, the
capability for a user to explicitly command a return of power to
the grid may exist. For example, a user may have a control
mechanism that may detect the battery charge levels in a device
containing a grid tie inverter and if the user desires to return
power to the grid the ability to command such a return exists. It
may exist through software control or the like, but it may also
exist through direct control on the device itself. In some
embodiments, the user may have the ability to command the return of
power to the grid based on battery capacity level such that there
will be some reserve energy storage if needed. The user may set an
upper threshold of battery capacity level to begin the return of
power to the grid and a lower threshold of battery capacity level
where the return of power to the grid may stop to maintain a
reserve energy storage level or to prevent over discharge of the
battery to optimize rechargeable battery life. Thus the user may be
able to control the return of energy to the grid such that there is
not a situation when a battery is fully charged when it is
advantageous to be charging the battery (for example some time
prior to off peak hours when the battery may start charging again).
In alternate embodiments, the explicit command to return energy to
the grid may come from the power company, from a smart meter, from
a remote connection where the user may access such controls over
the Internet and so on.
[0332] In an embodiment of a wireless lighting apparatus, a book
light consisting of a book with circuitry embedded, integrated
power source such as a battery, switch and one or more LEDs may be
designed such that when a reader opens the book, a switch opens or
closes with the opening the book and the LED is illuminated. When
the book is closed, the LED is turned off. In some embodiments,
there may be another switch to enable or disable the LED light if
the user desires. In some embodiments, the one or more LEDs may be
attached to an arm that elevates as the book opens. In this case,
the one or more LEDs may be directed in a way that they would point
toward the area where the illumination is needed. By way of an
example, the book light may be used in a restaurant check book such
that when a diner opens the book to view their check, the LED
illuminates the check area. When they close the check book, the LED
shuts off. In this example, the check book light consists of a coin
cell battery, a push button that disables the light by pressing the
button while the check book is closed and an LED to illuminate the
check book when open.
[0333] In an embodiment, an AC outlet adapter may be designed with
batteries embedded to provide power to an alarm clock when there is
a power outage. By way of an example, the adapter may plug into an
AC wall outlet and also have an AC socket that the alarm clock
plugs into. In an alternate embodiment, the AC outlet adapter that
the alarm clock plugs into provides backup power for the alarm
clock but also contains an LED reading light that is powered by the
AC outlet adapter. The LED reading light may be attached to a
flexible arm such that the user may be able to articulate the light
in the direction needed to provide illumination as necessary. There
may be a control mechanism, such as an on/off switch, at any point
on the LED reading light such that the user may turn the LED
reading light on or off as desired without affecting the battery
backup for the alarm clock.
[0334] In embodiments of the wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module where one communication interface is WIFI, the
wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module may also be able to
act as a WIFI repeater device. In such a case, the wireless light
bulb or wireless lighting module is capable of operating on a
single channel and receive then transmit packets on WIFI. In
alternate embodiments, the wireless light bulb or wireless lighting
module may operate on multiple WIFI channels such that the unit may
be able to receive traffic on one channel and transmit that traffic
on a different channel. It is to be appreciated that as a WIFI
repeater, the wireless light bulb or wireless lighting module
operate on any number of channels as required.
[0335] In embodiments of the wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting module, the light source may be LED, compact fluorescent,
fluorescent, induction, halogen, gas discharge, organic LED (OLED),
plasma, radio generated plasma or incandescent. In one example, a
wireless light bulb may be designed with one or more OLED panels as
the light source. The OLED wireless light bulb may be designed in
any type of housing mentioned for a wireless light bulb. In one
example, the OLED wireless light bulb is designed to mount to a
ceiling or replace a ceiling panel. The OLED wireless light bulb
may contain any form of wireless control, power source and/or
intelligence control typical of a wireless light bulb. In another
example, wireless light bulb may be designed with a radio generated
plasma light source. The radio generated plasma wireless light bulb
may be designed in any type of housing mentioned for a wireless
light bulb. In one example, the radio generated plasma wireless
light bulb is designed in an A19 bulb housing. The radio generated
plasma wireless light bulb may contain any form of wireless
control, power source and/or intelligence control typical of a
wireless light bulb.
[0336] The previously mentioned wireless lighting modules can be
grouped into kits to meet specific user applications. A residential
or commercial power saver kit can be constructed of any mix of
wireless lighting module light bulbs in a kit to allow installation
in a residential or commercial building for savings on energy
bills. For example, a home power saver kit that includes ten AC
powered, battery backed wireless lighting module light bulbs can be
used by a consumer to replace the R30 incandescent bulbs in their
house that would typically be used in recessed lighting fixtures at
substantial savings on power consumption.
[0337] A residential or commercial emergency lighting kit can be
constructed of any mix of wireless lighting module light bulbs in a
kit to allow installation in a residential or commercial building
for switching over automatically to battery backup when an AC power
outage is detected. For example, an emergency lighting kit that
includes twenty AC powered, battery backed wireless lighting module
light bulbs can be used by a consumer to replace the R30
incandescent bulbs in their house that would typically be used in
recessed lighting fixtures at substantial savings on power
consumption.
[0338] In embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures containing a PIR device for motion
sensing, a thermal sensor may be present to provide a measurement
of temperature to allow temperature compensation of the threshold
for motion detection. In some embodiments, a temperature dependant
voltage may be generated using a thermistor, a resistor network and
a supply voltage where the output voltage is dependent on the
resistance of the thermistor and that output voltage may be used to
derive the threshold voltage used for motion detection. Thus, the
change in sensitivity of the motion sensor over temperature may be
compensated for by changing the threshold of the motion detection
circuit. By way of an example, an operational amplifier used as a
comparator at the output of the motion sensing circuitry has a
threshold that the voltage that is a representation of the detected
motion is compared against. Over temperature, the amplified output
of the PIR sensor may vary to the point that false triggers may
occur which would turn the light on when motion is not detected or
has not been detected sufficiently to turn the light on. If the
threshold at the comparator varies with temperature, the threshold
may move higher or lower compensating for the changes in
performance of the PIR sensor and motion detector circuitry. In an
alternate embodiment, the temperature is measured, converted from
analog to digital, read by a microcontroller and the
microcontroller may set a threshold value through a digital to
analog conversion based on the temperature reading. In such a case,
to determine the proper threshold level the microcontroller may
have an algorithm programmed in it to calculate the required
threshold based on the measured temperature, the microcontroller
may contain a lookup table such that stored in memory a lookup
using the read temperature will return the required threshold value
and the like. In another embodiment, the wireless light bulb or
battery powered wireless lighting fixture may have a communication
interface such that a processor that has a measurement of
temperature may send a command to the bulb or fixture to set the
motion detection threshold for compensation. It is to be
appreciated that any method of measuring temperature and using that
information to modify the threshold based on the input temperature
may be used.
[0339] In embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures containing any type of sensor, power
circuitry, LED driver circuit or LED device that may change
performance over temperature, a thermal sensor may be present to
provide a measurement of temperature to allow the behavior of the
sensor, power circuitry, LED driver circuitry or LED device to be
adjusted over temperature. The adjustment based on detected
temperature may be measured using any type of temperature measuring
mechanism mentioned herein. An electrical circuit, microcontroller,
microprocessor, ASIC etc may be present to process the measured
temperature make an adjustment based on the measurement. By way of
an example, one or more thermal sensors may be connected to the
heatsink which the one or more LED devices are attached to. A
measurement of the heatsink temperature may be used to adjust the
LED driver circuit current to a lower or higher drive level based
on the temperature reading. For example, if there is a maximum
heatsink temperature allowable, when the detected temperature is
read at or close to that level, an electrical circuit,
microcontroller, microprocessor, ASIC etc may reduce the drive
current such that there is less heat generated by the LEDs and
subsequently the temperature will remain the same or start to lower
due to the change in drive current. It is to be appreciated that
the drive current may be adjusted based on the temperature
measurement of any one or more components of a wireless light bulb
or battery powered wireless lighting fixture or a measurement of
the ambient temperature inside or outside of the wireless light
bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture. By way of
another example, a light sensor may be used for daylight harvesting
such that the detected value of the ambient light level may be used
to set the light intensity of the light source such that the total
light maintains some constant level. A thermal sensor may be used
for compensation of the light sensor over temperature such that the
ambient light measurement is adjusted over temperature. For
example, a microcontroller may read a voltage level at the output
of a light sensor circuit through an analog to digital converter.
The microcontroller may also read a temperature dependant voltage
that is generated using a thermistor, a resistor network and a
supply voltage. The microcontroller may control the light intensity
of the light source based on the reading of the ambient light level
adjusted based on the temperature measurement. In another example,
the measured temperature may be used to change the gain of a
receiver circuit for better operation over the operating
temperature range. It is to be appreciated that the measured
temperature may be used to adjust any sensor, power circuitry, LED
driver circuit or LED device with preset temperature curves that
determine a lookup table to provide the adjustment, an algorithm to
derive the adjustment to be done based on temperature and/or time,
an automatic adjustment done by an electrical circuit designed to
make the adjust based on the temperature reading, an adjustment
received over a communication interface and the like.
[0340] In one embodiment, an AC powered battery embedded motion
wireless light bulb contains rechargeable batteries and a PIR
motion sensor. In some embodiments, there may be a light sensor
inside the bulb to enable the motion sensor for operation or to be
used for daylight harvesting. A charging circuit that supports
recharging the batteries in circuit may be inside the bulb. There
may be circuitry to allow either power source to be used
independently or to share the load depending on whether each power
source is present and able to supply power to the wireless light
bulb. An electrical circuit, microcontroller, microprocessor, ASIC
etc may be present to perform the selection of which power source
to use. The selection of which power source to use may be
programming into the wireless light bulb through preprogramming at
the factory or the like, through a programming method over a
communication interface that may be present in the bulb or it may
be set directly on the unit through a method of control such as a
dial, push buttons, slide switches and the like where a user may
set whether to use the AC power source, the battery power source or
a sharing of the load between AC and battery power, to enable or
disable the motion sensor, to set the auto-shutoff time period, to
set the light intensity level in a mode of operation or to enable
or disable the light sensor. In some embodiments, there may be a
time of day clock or timer present to control state changes or
change the configuration based on time of day. By way of an
example, the AC powered battery embedded motion wireless light bulb
may be enabled during daytime hours to be controlled by the AC wall
switch where the unit is AC powered. During evening hours or during
a detected power outage, the AC powered battery embedded motion
wireless light bulb is powered by battery power and is controlled
by the motion sensor to turn the light source on and off. In some
embodiments, the AC powered battery embedded motion wireless light
bulb may include a fade-to-off effect, fade-to-dim effect,
fade-to-glow effect, fade from one light intensity level to another
light intensity level and so on. In some embodiments, the AC
powered battery embedded motion wireless light bulb may include an
increase in light intensity over time which may include an
off-to-glow effect, glow-to-dim, glow-to-some light intensity
level, an increase from one light intensity level to a higher light
intensity level and so on. It is to be appreciated that the change
from one light intensity level to another light intensity level may
happen over any period of time that may be implemented with the
timers. In some embodiments, the AC powered battery embedded motion
wireless light bulb may include a daylight harvesting function
which allows for the light intensity level of the light source to
be set based on the detected ambient light level.
[0341] In some embodiments, the AC powered battery embedded motion
wireless light bulb may sense the state of one or more switches or
breakers in the controlling circuit and switch over to battery
power if the detected switch state indicates that the AC power
should be present, but AC power is not present. The device may also
measure the impedance, resistance, and/or capacitance across the AC
power input and return or may measure any other electrical
characteristic of the AC power input and return to determine
whether the controlling switch or breaker is open or closed (or if
electricity has been turned off at any point up to the AC input of
the device). By way of an example, if the controlling switch or
breaker is open, there may be a high impedance detected across the
input AC power and return. If the controlling switch or breaker is
closed, there may be a measureable impedance, resistance and/or
capacitance or electrical characteristic different from when the
controlling switch or breaker is open. A threshold may be set in
the device such that if the measurement is above or below the
threshold, the switch or breaker is closed, and if the measurement
is on the opposite side of the threshold, the switch or breaker is
open. The device may be controlled by the state of the controlling
switch or breaker (on or off), but may also detect the condition
when the controlling switch or breaker is closed but AC input power
is not present or is not acceptable and may be able to switch over
to the rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries that are embedded
as the power source. In some embodiments, the AC powered battery
embedded motion wireless light bulb may perform an impedance
discontinuity check to determine if the controlling switch of
breaker is open or closed. In some embodiments, the AC powered
battery embedded motion wireless light bulb may generate a signal
onto the line and monitor the electrical response of the line to
determine if the response indicates an open circuit that may be
indicative of a switch or breaker open in the lighting circuit. It
is to be appreciated that when the switch sense functionality is
implemented, the switch or breaker may still be able to turn on and
off power to the AC powered battery embedded motion wireless light
bulb even when running off of the embedded battery power source
because the AC powered battery embedded motion wireless light bulb
may be able to determine if the switch is on or off and apply power
or not apply power to the AC powered battery embedded motion
wireless light bulb based on the switch position. In such a case,
the switch sense circuitry may still need to be powered along with
any other necessary circuitry to implement this function even when
the AC powered battery embedded motion wireless light bulb is not
being powered.
[0342] In embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures containing a motion sensing capability,
there may be a number of methods by which motion is detected. There
may be a radar based motion sensor where a transmitter exists in
the wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting
fixture to transmit pulses of radio frequency or microwave. The
wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture
may contain a receiver to receive the reflected waves allowing it
to determine if there is an object in range, how far away the
object is, the velocity of the object and other characteristics of
the object. Thus, using a radar based motion sensor may allow
detection of an object in the detection area, not just that the
object is moving. A radar based motion sensor may provide
information about the range to the object which may allow for
intelligent decisions to be made about whether the object that is
detected should trigger a change of state of the wireless light
bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture. By way of an
example, a wireless light bulb may turn on only when an object is
within 20 feet of the wireless light bulb. A radar based motion
sensor may determine that an object is 30 feet away and thereby,
even though the object is detected, still not turn the light on or
turn the light on to a lower light intensity until the object moves
within 20 feet. It is to be appreciated that the transmitter may be
disparate meaning that the transmitter may not be built into the
bulb or fixture but rather may be a separate standalone unit where
a receiver in the bulb or fixture may receive the transmitted
pulses and reflections of the transmitted pulses that were
generated by the disparate transmitter device and react based on
the reception without having to have transmitted the pulses. It is
to be appreciated that a radar wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture may operate in any radio band
with any form of modulation where a radar based motion sensor may
be operate.
[0343] In other embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures containing a motion sensing
capability, there may a sonar based motion sensor where sound
propagation is used by the wireless light bulb or battery powered
wireless lighting fixture to detect objects in the field of view.
An acoustic transmitter that may transmit any frequency acoustic
wave creates the wave and a receiver listens for the echo return of
the transmission. Intelligence in the wireless light bulb or
battery powered wireless lighting fixture may analyze the received
signal and determine if an object is in the field of view and the
distance to that object. Thus, using a sonar based motion sensor
may allow detection of an object in the detection area, not just
that the object is moving. A sonar based motion sensor may provide
information about the range to the object which may allow for
intelligent decisions to be made out whether the object that is
detected should trigger a change of state of the wireless light
bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture. It is to be
appreciated that the acoustic transmitter may be disparate meaning
that the transmitter may not be built into the bulb or fixture but
rather may be a separate standalone unit where a receiver in the
bulb or fixture may receive the echo return of the transmissions
that were generated by the disparate transmitter device and react
based on the reception without having to have transmitted the
pulses.
[0344] In some embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures there may be a disparate
magnetic switch and an RF or IR transmitter that detects when the
magnetic switch is open, closed or has just changed state and may
transmit the state information to a wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture containing a receiver. Thus, a
magnetic switch sensor may be placed anywhere (where the magnet and
magnetic switch may be separate housings) to detect a make or break
of the magnet and magnetic switch. By way of an example, the
magnetic switch may be attached to a door or window frame and the
magnet may be attached to the door or window. When the door or
window is closed, the magnetic switch may be actuated. When the
door or window is opened, the magnetic switch changes state and the
disparate magnetic switch and transmitter transmits the change of
state information to one or more wireless light bulbs or battery
powered fixtures that may be controlled by the disparate sensor. It
is to be appreciated that the magnetic switch and magnet may be
attached to any two items that a user may desire a separation of
the two items to change the state of one or more wireless light
bulbs or battery powered lighting fixtures. In alternate
embodiments the magnetic switch is not a disparate device but
rather is located in or on the housing of the wireless light bulb
or battery powered wireless lighting fixture and the magnet is
external to the housing such that the wireless light bulb or
battery powered fixture receives a direct indication of the state
or change in state of the magnetic switch with respect to the
magnet.
[0345] In some embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures there may be a disparate
pressure switch and an RF or IR transmitter that detects when the
pressure switch is open, closed or has just changed state and may
transmit the state information to a wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture containing a receiver. Thus, a
pressure switch sensor may be placed anywhere to detect when an
actuating force is applied to the switch. By way of an example, a
pressure switch may be embedded in flooring such that when an
object is detect on the flooring, for example a person walking
across the floor, the pressure switch changes state and transmits
the state information to one or more wireless light bulbs or
battery powered wireless lighting fixtures that may be controlled
by the disparate sensor. It is to be appreciated that the pressure
switch may be attached to any item that a user may desire a
detection of pressure applied to the item to control the state of
one or more wireless light bulbs or battery powered lighting
fixtures. In alternate embodiments the pressure switch is not a
disparate device but rather is located in or on the housing of the
wireless light bulb or battery powered fixture such that the
wireless light bulb or battery powered fixture receives a direct
indication of the state or change in state of the pressure switch.
In alternate embodiments, more than one pressure switch is
monitored and the result of a state change of any of the pressure
switches may be transmitted by the RF or IR transmitter. By way of
an example, a large mat of pressure switches may be installed under
carpeting such that any pressure switch change of state may be
transmitted to the wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless
lighting fixture. This way the pressure switches may cover an area
and it would be less likely that someone or something may pass the
pressure switch mat without being detected.
[0346] In some embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures there may a disparate infrared
beam or laser beam created by a transmitter and receiver and an RF
or IR transmitter that detects when the infrared beam or laser beam
between the infrared or laser transmitter and receiver is present
or broken or has just changed state and may transmit the state
information to a wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless
lighting fixture containing a receiver. Thus, an infrared beam or
laser beam break may be detected by placing the infrared or laser
transmitter and separate receiver anywhere. By way of an example,
an infrared transmitter and receiver may be installed at the end of
a driveway such that when an automobile drives into the driveway,
it breaks the infrared transmission that is detected by the
receiver. The infrared beam changes state due to the beam break and
the infrared receiver device transmits the state information to one
or more wireless light bulbs or battery powered wireless lighting
fixtures that may be controlled by the disparate infrared beam
break. It is to be appreciated that the infrared or laser
transmitter and receiver may be attached to any two items that a
user may desire a detection of an object between the infrared or
laser transmitter or receiver to control the state of one or more
wireless light bulbs or battery powered lighting fixtures. In
alternate embodiments the infrared receiver is not a disparate
device but rather is located in or on the housing of the wireless
light bulb or battery powered fixture such that the wireless light
bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture receives a direct
indication of the state or change in state of the infrared or laser
transmitter and receiver beam break.
[0347] In embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures containing a motion sensing capability,
there may be a number of mechanisms to control how the motion
sensing is used to control the wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures. In some embodiments, the motion
sensor may be enabled or disable through the use of a time of day
or timer control such that the motion sensor will be enabled or
disabled based on a time setting that is programmed into the bulb
or fixture. In some embodiments, there may be an external control
mechanism that allows a user to enable or disable the motion
sensor. By way of an example, a motion sensor wireless light bulb
may be controlled by a wall switch that has an additional switch on
it allowing a user to enable or disable the motion sensor (i.e.
override the motion sensor) such that the primary control mechanism
will be the wall switch or some other mechanism when the switch is
in one position and the primary control mechanism will be the
motion sensor when the switch is in the other position. By way of
another example, there may be an RF or IR receiver in the wireless
light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture that would
allow a user to enable or disable motion sensor control using a
remote control that may transmit the control to the bulb or
fixture. The remote control may be have controls such as
pushbuttons, switches, dials etc that enables, disables or changes
the sensitivity of the motion sensor control. The remote control
may set time of day or timer control of when the motion sensor
control is active. A light sensor may be used to enable or disable
the motion sensor. The light sensor may be used to disable the
motion sensor during the daytime when the amount of ambient light
that is detected is above a threshold. The light sensor may be used
to determine which other control mechanisms may be used instead of
motion sensing. By way of an example, in an embodiment of the
wireless light bulb, the light sensor may enable motion detection
during the night, but during the daytime the wall switch will
control power to the wireless light bulb.
[0348] In embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures containing a motion sensing capability,
there may be an ability to change the field of view of the motion
sensor by positioning the motion sensor to change the field of
view. By way of an example, a wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture may contain a PIR sensor that is
mounted to a mechanical apparatus that may allow for "telescoping"
the sensor such that it may be pointed in any direction required
for motion detection. In an alternate embodiment, a radar or sonar
transmitter and/or receiver may be capable of pointing in any
direction required for a field of view where motion is to be
detected. Thus, the capability to telescope or point the motion
sensor in any direction allows the motion sensor to be placed in
the optimal position for motion detection.
[0349] In some embodiments of wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures there may be an ability to
detect sound or spoken commands and change the state of the bulb or
fixture based on the sound or spoken commands. By way of an
example, a wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting
fixture may contain a microphone and the intelligence to process
speech such that if a user speaks commands such as "Bulbs on",
"Bulbs off", "Dim up", "Dim down" or the like the bulb or fixture
may change state based on the command detected by speech.
[0350] In an embodiment of a wireless light bulb powered from only
AC power or powered only by battery power or in embodiments of a
battery powered wireless lighting fixtures, the wireless light bulb
or battery powered wireless lighting fixture may contain
intelligence to control the light source based on time of day and
may be programmed by controls on the housing of the bulb or
fixture. Those controls may be in the form of pushbuttons,
switches, dials etc. By way of an example, the time of day wireless
light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture may contain
ON, OFF and PROGRAM pushbuttons. At the specific time of day that
the user desires the bulb or fixture to automatically turn on, the
user presses the ON and PROGRAM buttons simultaneously. A
microcontroller, microprocessor, ASIC etc may contain a time
source, such as a real time clock, free running timer or the like,
and may contain the intelligence to record that time and a state
change based on that time such that every day at that time or on
regular intervals of the free running timer, the time of day
wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture
will automatically turn on. At another specific time during the day
that the user desires the bulb or fixture to turn off, the user
presses the OFF and PROGRAM buttons simultaneously. In alternate
embodiments, there may be controls to set the light intensity of
the bulb or fixture. In such embodiments, there may be a DIM UP and
DIM DOWN pushbutton, dial switch or the like control and a method
to use the PROGRAM button or similar to record the change in light
intensity at that time. By way of an example, the user may desire
to reduce the light intensity during the day due to the higher
ambient light levels and therefore may use the DIM DOWN control to
set the new light intensity level first thing in the morning, then
use the PROGRAM button in some manner to program that light
intensity level change at that time of the day every day. The user
may then set a higher intensity level at night time by using the
DIM UP control to increase the light intensity level and then use
the PROGRAM button to program that light intensity level at that
time every day. There may be a CLEAR control mechanism that may
allow a user to clear programmed state changes. It is to be
appreciated that the user may program as many on, off and light
intensity setting at different times of day as may be programmed
into the device. Programming by time of day may provide some cost
savings in energy usage when lighting needs to be on most or all of
the day. It is to be appreciated that there may be any number of
changes in the light output and the light intensity may be set to
any level from off to maximum light intensity. In alternate
embodiments, the same control may be provided by a communication
interface in the bulb or fixture such that similar ON, OFF, DIM UP,
DIM DOWN, PROGRAM and the like controls are on a remote control.
The external device communicating with and controlling or
programming the bulb or fixture may be a computer running a
software program, a custom remote control, a building management
unit, a lighting circuit control unit etc. and may have the
communication interface allowing it to communicate with the bulb or
fixture. It is to be appreciated that settings programmed in the
bulb or fixture may be stored in non-volatile memory such that when
the device is powered down, the programming is not lost. It is to
be appreciated that there may be an integrated power source that
may allow the real time clock or timers to continue running when
power to a wireless light bulb is turned off. In embodiments that
are only powered by battery power, the intelligence may also use
battery capacity level to set the light intensity output. In such
an example, battery power may be rechargeable or non-rechargeable
batteries or fuel cells. It is to be appreciated that any wireless
power source or any combination of wireless power sources may be
used to supply power to or recharge energy storage in the bulb or
fixture in connection with the battery powered bulb or fixture
controlled based on time of day.
[0351] In an embodiment of the UPS light bulb, the UPS light bulb
is not in a typical housing such as a standard size bulb,
non-standard size bulb, fixture, fluorescent bulb, fluorescent lamp
or down light assembly, but is rather an adapter that plugs into an
existing fixture that a standard size bulb, non-standard size bulb,
fluorescent bulb or lamp would plug into such that this UPS light
bulb adapter may provide all of the functionality of the UPS light
bulb including a light source in the UPS light bulb adapter in
addition to the off the shelf bulbs or lamps plugged into it. By
way of an example, the UPS light bulb adapter has a light source in
the adapter. The UPS light bulb adapter typically will pass power
through to the bulb or lamp plugged into it such that the bulb or
lamp may be the light source. When the UPS light bulb adapter
detects that power has dropped out (i.e. there is a power outage)
or some other characteristic that makes power no longer desirable
to use (brownout conditions, electrical surges, overvoltage
conditions, voltage sag or flickers, line noise, frequency
variations, switching transients, harmonic distortion, etc.), the
adapter may turn on its embedded light source powered by the power
source integrated into the UPS light bulb adapter. Thus, a UPS
light bulb adapter may typically consist of a connector allowing it
to plug into a socket, a socket connector allowing a bulb or lamp
to plug into it, a housing allowing it to fit into the fixture
where it will be installed, a light source, an integrated power
source and charging circuitry if needed, power circuitry such as an
AC/DC converter, input from a ballast controller or the like,
circuitry to monitor the power input and any wireless control that
may be used to control the UPS light bulb adapter such as a
receiver allowing a remote transmitter to control the UPS light
bulb adapter. It is to be appreciated that the light source may be
located in a manner to direct light out of an existing fixture to
provide light coming out of the existing fixture with the bulb or
lamp plugged into it. For example, if a PAR30 light bulb plugs into
the UPS light bulb adapter in a fixture and the UPS light bulb
adapter contains an LED light source, the one or more LEDs may be
mounted on UPS light bulb adapter housing such that the light
emitted from the one or more LEDs is pointed to the outer edge of
the PAR30 light bulb. When the LED light source of the UPS light
bulb adapter is turned on, the light emitted by the LED light
source will be from behind the PAR30 light bulb, but will be
directed toward the opening between the edge of the PAR30 light
bulb and the fixture such that the PAR30 light bulb would obstruct
as little of the light as possible. By way of an example, in a six
inch recessed fixture, the UPS light bulb adapter is plugged into
the Edison socket. An R30 bulb is plugged into the UPS light bulb
adapter. The UPS light bulb adapter may switch on the backup light
source and integrated power source for any reason. For example, the
UPS light bulb adapter may have the circuitry present to monitor
the input AC power at the Edison socket. If the UPS light bulb
adapter detects that power is not present at the Edison socket, the
light source may be turned on. The UPS light bulb adapter may
contain a relay or switching circuit such that power to the bulb or
lamp plugged in may be opened by the UPS light bulb adapter whether
power is present or not. In such a case, the UPS light bulb adapter
may make intelligent decisions based on programming, wireless
control or sensors on the adapter to switch to the backup light
source or a user may explicitly switch over to the backup light
source. The UPS light bulb adapter may contain the circuitry to
sense the state of the one or more controlling switches or breakers
in the lighting circuit in any manner mentioned here in (measuring
the impedance, resistance, and/or capacitance at the AC power
input, testing for an impedance discontinuity in the path to the AC
input etc).
[0352] In one use case of an emergency lighting system, the
lighting consists of wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures that are off grid and may receive
transmission from a power outage module or an emergency lighting
power outage module such that a detected condition that would
require a switchover to emergency lighting, such as a power outage,
would trigger a transmission to a detached emergency lighting
system consisting of wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures containing one or more wireless power
sources. They may have a connection to grid power, but typically
the detached emergency lighting system will be entirely off grid.
The wireless light bulbs or battery powered wireless lighting
fixtures may have one or more forms of wireless control. The bulbs
or fixtures may have a transceiver that would allow them to
wirelessly communicate with one or more disparate wireless light
bulbs and battery powered wireless lighting fixtures to enable
coordinated operation between more than one bulb and/or fixture.
Following this example, an input can be retransmitted within a
network of wireless light bulbs and battery powered wireless
lighting fixtures, where the network of lighting modules can be
dispersed within a geographic area to create a detached emergency
lighting system over a large area. By way of an example, an outdoor
emergency lighting system may be created that is detached by using
battery powered wireless lighting fixtures and a power outage
module. Because the battery powered wireless lighting fixtures may
be installed anywhere, a user may install them where there are no
on grid power connections and still get lighting in an emergency
situation. The battery powered wireless lighting fixtures may come
in the form of stair lights, spotlights, path lights, exit signs
and lighting, stair well lights, floor lights, ceiling lights,
hallway lights, sconces etc to provide lighting in an emergency
situation. If all of the battery powered wireless lighting fixtures
are within range, the power outage module may directly turn them on
during an emergency situation. If all of the battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures are not in range, a network may be
formed to propagate the emergency lighting commands to all of the
lights in the detached emergency lighting system.
[0353] In some embodiments, a wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture may be built into an explosion
proof or flame proof housing. The wireless light bulbs or battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures may have a connection to on grid
power and also have an integrated power source such as rechargeable
batteries. In an emergency situation, such as an explosion or a
fire in an industrial environment, the wireless light bulb or
battery powered wireless lighting fixture may switch over to the
integrated power source to continue to provide lighting after the
emergency situation for an extended period of time. It is to be
appreciated that there may be one or more lenses, reflectors,
optical filters, aperture, and so on that are integrated into the
housing of the explosion or flame proof wireless light such that
the light source may be protected from the cause of the hazard.
[0354] In some embodiments, a wireless light bulb or a battery
powered wireless lighting fixture used may have an indication of a
low battery level. There may be a method to test the bulb or
fixture, such as a button that may be pressed to briefly test that
the light output powered by an integrated power source is healthy,
that may provide an indication of the battery level. In alternate
embodiments, the wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless
lighting fixture may have a transmitter designed in that may
transmit a representation of the battery charge level to allow an
external system such as a computer, laptop, handheld computer,
dedicated hardware etc. to provide a user with a status on whether
the battery power is at an acceptable level. By way of an example,
in an emergency lighting system, a battery powered wireless
lighting fixture may transmit its battery charge level to a central
controlling station that would then provide an alarm to a user when
the battery charge level is below a threshold. The user may then
replace the batteries. In alternate embodiments, there is one or
more colored LEDs or a multicolor LED on the wireless light bulb or
wireless lighting module that may provide a visual indication of
the battery charge level.
[0355] In some embodiments of wireless light bulbs and battery
powered wireless lighting fixtures there may be a receiver that may
receive an emergency broadcast such as a radio broadcast of the
emergency broadcast system. In such embodiments, the bulbs or
fixtures that detect the broadcast switch over to a mode to
indicate to the users that there is an emergency situation such as
blinking the lights. In alternate embodiments, the bulbs or
fixtures may receive a local broadcast that a user may make to
provide a visual indication provided by the lighting of an event.
For example, a user may blink the lights three times to indicate
that it is the end of break time and that workers on a break need
to return to their stations. In another example, a school may blink
lights some number of times in certain areas to indicate that the
end of a period or session. In another example, an office building
may blink some number of lights continuously to indicate an
emergency situation. It is to be appreciated that wireless light
bulbs or battery powered wireless lighting fixtures may receive a
command and control the light output, color and intensity in any
way possible to communicate a message to an audience. Any type of
remote control can wirelessly communicate with the wireless light
bulbs or battery powered wireless lighting fixtures to control or
program this functionality into them. For instance, the remote
control can be a stand-alone remote control and/or incorporated
into a disparate device (e.g., incorporated into a key fob, a
programmable wireless transceiver integrated in an automobile.).
Moreover, the remote control can be a personal computer, a cellular
phone, a smart phone, a laptop, a handheld communication device, a
handheld computing device, a global positioning system, a personal
digital assistant (PDA), and/or any other suitable device.
[0356] In some embodiments of an emergency lighting system, there
may be a UPS light bulb, wireless light bulb or battery powered
wireless lighting fixture with a receiver and a remote light sensor
transmitter. The remote light sensor transmitter may be configured
to detect the level of light and transmit to the UPS light bulb,
wireless light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture to
turn them on or off. A user may install one or more bulbs or
fixtures and place the remote light sensor transmitter in a
location where the user knows it should detect a high amount of
ambient light. If the remote light sensor transmitter is no longer
detecting light, it may mean there is a power outage and the
lighting is disabled. The remote light sensor transmitter would
then transmit to the UPS light bulb, wireless light bulb or battery
powered wireless lighting fixture a command to change state such as
switch to back up power, turn on, change the light intensity etc.
It is to be appreciated that the remote light sensor transmitter
may be detecting lighting that is not a UPS light bulb, wireless
light bulb or battery powered wireless lighting fixture. In such a
case, the remote light sensor transmitter may be used to switch to
an alternate light source for example for the purpose of emergency
lighting. In other embodiments, the light sensor is built into the
UPS light bulb or wireless light bulb and detects when the lights
go off due to a power outage or other reason. In such a case, the
light sensor is powered by the integrated power source. When input
power is lost, the UPS light bulb or wireless light bulb may detect
this because the light sensor will no longer detect light coming
out of the UPS light bulb or wireless light bulb at which point the
bulb may switch over to the integrated power source until it may
detect that input power is restored. Thus, the light sensor,
whether remote or built directly into a light, will provide an
indication when there is not light coming out and may effect a
state change based on that information. In one use case, a remote
light sensor transmitter is installed at a six inch recessed
fixture where there is an R30 bulb and battery powered wireless
lighting path lights are installed around the perimeter of the
area. The remote light sensor transmitter is installed in the
recessed fixture where it may detect whether light is coming out of
that recessed fixture. If the remote light sensor transmitter
detects that light is not coming out, it may transmit a command to
the path lights installed around the perimeter to turn on. It is to
be appreciated that the remote light sensor transmitter may have
controls built in such as buttons, switches, dials etc to configure
it for operation. For example, a dial may be present to set the
threshold ambient light level that would trigger the transmitter to
send a message to the lights it is controlling to turn them on,
change light intensity etc. In another example, the remote light
sensor transmitter may be disabled with a push button to turn off
detection when a user does not wish it to be active. In some
embodiments, the remote light sensor transmitter has multiple
levels of ambient light that it may detect. By way of an example,
it may detect when a high intensity discharge (HID) light is on
(level 1), a backup or emergency light is on but the HID light is
off (level 2) and when all light is off (level 3).
[0357] An embodiments of the wireless light bulb may take the form
of an exit sign retrofit LED wireless light bulb such that the
housing of the bulb is designed to fit into an exit sign (T5 tube,
T6 tube etc), but the exit sign retrofit LED wireless light bulb
also has a battery embedded in it such that an exit sign may
operate without the need for an emergency lighting power circuit or
a local power source. When power to the bulb is not detected, the
exit sign retrofit LED wireless light bulb will automatically
switch to battery power. Battery power may be rechargeable or
non-rechargeable. If the battery power is rechargeable, there may
be a charging circuit that manages the rechargeable batteries to
maintain the charge level at an acceptable level for the exit sign.
In alternate embodiments, the integrated power source is a super
capacitor or the like. The exit sign retrofit LED wireless light
bulb may contain red, green, white or any other color LED that may
be desired for illumination.
[0358] In embodiments of the wireless light bulb or wireless
lighting fixture containing batteries, there may be a heat shield
or insulator mounted in a way to keep the temperature generated by
the other components in the bulb or fixture, such as the heat sink,
from increasing the temperature of the batteries. The heat shield
or insulator may be constructed of ceramic, fiberglass or any other
known material. In an alternate example, the shield or insulator
separating the batteries from the other components may be mounted
to the cover with some space left between the batteries and the
thermal heat sink. The cover may have some ventilation holes or
other methods to allow the heat to escape and keep the temperature
of the batteries as low as possible. There may also be a heat
shield or insulator through the heat sink and above the heat sink
to shield or insulate the batteries from the heat sink and
components. In alternate embodiments, there may be a thermal sensor
connected to a point where a measurement of the battery temperature
may be made and a change in the use of or charging of the batteries
may be made. For example, if the battery temperature exceeds some
set limit, a measurement of the temperature of the battery may
trigger a reduction of the light intensity which would subsequently
lower the battery temperature by lowering the current draw on the
batteries and the amount of heat generated by the LEDs. In another
example, the battery charging current may be reduced in response to
the measurement of the battery temperature exceeding some set
limit. This is important to optimize the usable life of the
batteries in a wireless light bulb or wireless lighting
fixture.
[0359] In one use case of an AC outlet adapter, the AC outlet
adapter may be designed with a real time clock and a method that a
user may program times during the day when the adapter will turn on
and off as well as when the plugged in device will use battery
power versus AC input power. The adapter may operate off of and
pass through AC power, may contain an integrated wireless power
source (batteries for example), a DC/AC inverter and control that
is either wireless control or manual control such as a switch on
the wireless AC outlet that may turn it on or off. The user may
then plug in AC powered devices to the AC outlet adapter to power
that device. By way of an example, the time of day AC outlet
adapter may contain ON, OFF and PROGRAM pushbuttons. At the
specific time of day that the user desires the adapter to
automatically turn on, the user presses the ON and PROGRAM buttons
simultaneously. A microcontroller, microprocessor, ASIC etc may
contain a time source, such as a real time clock or the like, and
may contain the intelligence to record that time and a state change
based on that time such that every day at that time, the time of
day wireless light bulb or battery powered fixture will
automatically turn on. At another specific time during the day that
the user desires the bulb or fixture to turn off, the user presses
the OFF and PROGRAM buttons simultaneously.
[0360] In some embodiments, a virtual load control switch may be
designed which contains circuitry to act as a load control switch
receiving a load control or demand response command from the power
company and may transmit over a communication interface to one or
more wireless light bulbs or battery powered wireless lighting
fixtures to turn off, change light intensity, switch over all or a
portion of the load to battery power etc. In some embodiments, the
unit may control the wireless light bulbs or battery powered
wireless lighting fixtures in an installation in a demand response
energy efficiency system, for load control purposes and the like.
This virtual load control switch may contain a timer such that
after it receives a command from the power company to change to a
lower energy consumption state, the virtual load control switch may
start a timer and when the timer expires the virtual load control
switch will send a command returning to the original state of
operation or to another state of operation. The virtual load
control switch may communicate with the power company
infrastructure in a manner similar to a load control switch
containing a relay that the power company may remotely control to
cut power to devices that draw a lot of power like appliances,
HVACs etc however the load control command would be received by the
virtual load control switch and instead control any wireless light
bulbs or battery powered wireless lighting fixtures that may be
desired. In such a case, the virtual load control switch may be
programmable. By way of an example, the virtual load control switch
with an RF communication interface may communicate to a network of
wireless light bulbs or battery powered fixtures that allows it to
communicate with any wireless light bulb or battery powered fixture
in the network. In one example, the virtual load control switch may
be programmable over the RF communication interface. In another
example, the virtual load control switch may have an Ethernet
interface on the unit and have an IP address assigned to the
interface. A software program running on the unit may allow a user
to open a web browser and type in the IP address assigned to the
unit. A graphical user interface served by the virtual load control
switch may open up providing a method for the user to implement the
desired functionality. The virtual load control switch may
communicate with a an intelligent electrical meter, smart meter,
energy gateway, lighting control software and the like, over an
appropriate communication interface using a protocol that allows
the virtual load control switch, which controls the installation of
wireless light bulbs and battery powered wireless lighting fixtures
and meter etc. to exchange information. The virtual load control
switch may allow a user to configure that the lighting turns off,
that the lighting changes intensity levels, that the lighting
switch some or all of the energy that is used over to an integrated
power source in a wireless light bulb. By way of an example, a
typical response to a load control command in lighting is to turn
off or reduce the light intensity in either case reducing power
consumption at the cost of a reduction in the light output. A
wireless light bulb with an integrated power source, for example
rechargeable batteries, allows a response to the load control
command where the wireless light bulb uses stored power to power
the light source partly or entirely. If the load control command
intended to reduce the light intensity levels, the wireless light
bulb may reduce the power consumption from the power company, but
maintain the normal light intensity levels (the light intensity
level prior to receipt of the load control command) by supplying
some power from stored power in the wireless light bulb. In another
example, the wireless light bulb turns off all power consumption
from the power company and powers the light source only from stored
power in the integrated power source. In some embodiments, the
virtual load control switch may be designed into a wireless light
bulb such that it receives the load control command directly from
the power company. In some cases, a wireless light bulb in a
network of or a coordinated group of wireless light bulbs may
propagate the load control information to other wireless light
bulbs such that groups of wireless light bulbs may change state
based on the load control command without having to have received
it directly.
[0361] In alternate embodiments, a virtual load control switch may
be designed which contains circuitry to act as a load control
switch receiving a load control command from the power company and
may transmit over a communication interface to one or more external
light socket adapters, AC outlet adapters, AC outlet replacements,
AC powered devices, AC circuit with embedded battery device
designed with batteries embedded, wall switch or lighting control
component and the like to turn off or switch over all or a portion
of the load to battery power in the devices. In some embodiments,
the virtual load control switch may be designed into a external
light socket adapters, AC outlet adapters, AC outlet replacements,
AC powered devices, AC circuit with embedded battery device
designed with batteries embedded, wall switch or lighting control
component and the like such that it receives the load control
command directly from the power company.
[0362] In some embodiments, demand response may be implemented in
wireless light bulbs by designing a receiver into the bulbs that
may receive a load shed signal from a lighting panel over existing
electrical wiring that the wireless light bulbs may use to either
turn off lights, change lighting intensity levels or that the
wireless light bulb switch some or all of the energy that is used
over to an integrated power source in a wireless light bulb. In one
example, the wireless light bulb may reduce the power consumption
from the power company, but maintain the normal light intensity
levels (the light intensity level prior to receipt of the load
control command) by supplying some power from stored power in the
wireless light bulbs.
[0363] In embodiments of the wireless light bulb or battery powered
wireless lighting fixture, the devices may be able to receive
commands from smart grid devices (smart meters, energy gateways,
lighting control panels, software control systems and the like) and
have the intelligence built inside the bulbs or fixtures to
implement load control, receive pricing signals and manage demand
based on dynamic pricing, reduce usage based on pricing or load
reduction signals, allow access remotely to control the lighting
installation, allow customers to manage the lighting locally and
the like. By way of an example, a pricing signal may be received by
one or more wireless light bulbs. A wireless light bulb with an
integrated power source may have a pricing threshold set such that
below that threshold when the pricing is such that it is
advantageous to buy power, the wireless light bulb will consume
power in addition to that necessary to power the light source and
will charge the integrated power source. The stored power in the
integrated power source may then be used at a later time when
energy pricing is higher. In some cases, the wireless light bulb
will have an upper pricing threshold that triggers the use of
stored power and a lower price threshold that triggers the storage
of power. In alternate embodiments, the wireless light bulbs
contain a grid tie inverter and there is a net metering capability
that allows the bulbs to return power to the grid. This ability to
control the use of and return of stored power to the grid may be
controlled by a smart meter, energy gateway, lighting control
panel, software control systems and the like. In one use case, a
wireless light bulb is designed as a six inch recessed fixture
retrofit with rechargeable batteries embedded. A smart meter may
communicate using ZIGBEE with the six inch recessed fixture
retrofit wireless light bulb to implement any control mentioned
herein. It is to be appreciated that any type of wireless light
bulb or any communication interface type herein may be used in
conjunction with the claimed subject matter.
[0364] In embodiments of external light socket adapters, AC outlet
adapters, AC outlet replacements, AC powered devices, AC circuit
with embedded battery device designed with batteries embedded, wall
switch or lighting control component and the like, the devices may
be able to receive commands from smart grid devices (smart meters,
energy gateways, lighting control panels, software control systems
and the like) and have the intelligence built inside to implement
load control, receive pricing signals and manage demand based on
dynamic pricing, reduce usage based on pricing or load reduction
signals, allow access remotely to control the devices, allow
customers to manage the device locally and the like. By way of an
example, a pricing signal may be received by one or more devices. A
device with an integrated power source may have a pricing threshold
set such that below that threshold when the pricing is such that it
is advantageous to buy power, the device will consume power in
addition to that necessary to power the device and will charge the
integrated power source. The stored power in the integrated power
source may then be used at a later time when energy pricing is
higher. In some cases, the devices will have an upper pricing
threshold that triggers the use of stored power and a lower price
threshold that triggers the storage of power. In alternate
embodiments, the devices contain a grid tie inverter and there is a
net metering capability that allows the devices to return power to
the grid. This ability to control the use of and return of stored
power to the grid may be controlled by a smart meter, energy
gateway, lighting control panel, software control systems and the
like.
[0365] In another illustrative embodiment, a version of the
wireless lighting module targets stair light 3000 applications.
With reference to FIG. 30, illustrated is a perspective view of an
embodiment of a stair light 3000. In the illustrated embodiment,
the stair light 3000 includes a housing 3010, a plurality of LEDs
3020, a motion sensor 3030, logic 3040, a power source 3050 and a
light sensor 3060. In the illustrated embodiment, the stair light
3000 includes 1 LED. In alternative embodiments, the stair light
may include more LEDs 3020 to provide greater illumination or fewer
LEDs 3020 to use less power. It is to be appreciated that the stair
light 3000 can include any number of LEDs 3020, and the LEDs 3020
can be positioned at substantially any locations with respect to
one another as well as in comparison to the housing 3010. It is
noted that the stair light 3000 can be used in a many applications
including a step light, a night light, a path light, a deck light
and any other application that may benefit from the features and
form factor of the stair light 3000. In the illustrated embodiment
the LED is the light source and is directed toward the ground to
provide light to illuminate a dark area for walking up stairs, in a
room to guide a user safely to a desired location, on the posts of
a deck to illuminate a deck or in any area where a user needs
additional light however alternate embodiments may point the LEDs
in any direction that may be required for the application. In the
illustrated embodiment, the stair light 3000 illuminates an area of
approximately ten square feet. Alternate embodiments may include
but are not limited to any known light source including LEDs,
compact fluorescent and incandescent bulbs and can illuminate any
size area required by the application.
[0366] In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 3010 is
constructed of plastic. Alternatively, the housing 3010 can be
constructed of metal or any other known material. In one embodiment
the housing can be waterproof, UV resistant and/or corrosion
resistant for use outdoors or difficult environments. In one
embodiment (not shown), the housing 3010 includes a mounting device
for mounting the stair light, step light or nightlight to a wall,
stair well, deck post, or other surface. Exemplary mounting devices
include screws, nails, adhesive, suction cups, magnets, VELCRO,
fixing posts, flanged heads of fasteners, and other known mounting
devices. In this embodiment, the housing 3010 is configured to be
mounted on a wall of a room, stairwell, closet, attic, basement,
garage, storage area, shed, hallway, stairway, emergency exit path,
alley or porch, or in any other indoor or outdoor location where
light may be desired. It is to be appreciated that the housing 3010
can be any size and/or shape and is not limited to the depicted
illustration (e.g., the housing 3010 can be dome shaped, pyramid
shaped, cylindrical, rectangular, square).
[0367] In one embodiment the housing is mounted on an articulating
bracket mounted to a surface that allows the user to mount the
light to any angle wall or surface and articulate the light
straight up, down or at any angle desired. In another embodiment,
the housing can be mounted to a stake or post made of plastic,
metal or any other known material allowing any of the mounting
devices described to be used to mount the light onto the stake or
post. The stake or post can be driven into the ground, can be on a
tripod or stand to be free standing or fixed to the area or can be
attached to an area in any possible way to create a path light that
can illuminate walkways, sidewalks, alleys, or in any other indoor
or outdoor location where light might be desired. FIG. 32 shows an
example of path light created by mounting the stair light 3210 to a
stake 3220 that can be driven into the ground.
[0368] As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the stair light 3000
includes a power source 3050, such as a battery. In the illustrated
embodiment, the stair light is powered by 3 C batteries. In another
illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 31, the sensor light 3100,
a smaller version of the stair light that emits less light and is
in a smaller housing, three "AA" size alkaline batteries are used
as a power source. In the illustrated embodiment, the sensor light
3100 includes a housing 3110, a plurality of LEDs 3120, a motion
sensor 3130, logic 3140, a power source 3150, and a light sensor
3160. It should be understood that any number and type of known
batteries may be used, including without limitation all known
alkaline and nickel-cadmium batteries, depending on size and power
requirements. According to another example, the power source can be
any number and type of rechargeable batteries and/or
non-rechargeable batteries. Pursuant to a further illustration, the
power source can be a combination of a solar cell and one or more
batteries (e.g., rechargeable, non-rechargeable, . . . ). Thus, for
instance, a battery can supplement the power supplied by the solar
cell (or vice versa) and/or the solar cell can recharge a battery.
In some embodiments of the foregoing arrangement, a solar cell may
be diode or-ed with a battery and the battery may be
non-rechargeable.
[0369] The battery 3050 supplies power to the stair light 3000 to
enable installing, moving, replacing, etc. the unit at
substantially any indoor or outdoor location while mitigating the
need for expensive and time consuming wiring and/or utilization of
aesthetically unpleasing and potentially inconvenient cords
commonly associated with conventional lighting.
[0370] In alternate embodiments the power source may include a fuel
cell, such as and without limitation a hydrogen fuel cell, a
reformed methanol fuel cell, or the like.
[0371] In some embodiments the power to the unit may be powered
directly from AC or from a DC input that comes from an external AC
to DC converter. In other embodiments, the unit will contain
rechargeable batteries such that the unit can be recharged by
connecting the unit to an AC power source, cabling to an AC power
source or plugging the unit into a recharging base.
[0372] With continued reference to illustrated embodiment shown in
FIG. 30 the input component is a motion sensor. When the motion
sensor 3030 detects motion, logic 3040 determines if the motion is
above a predetermined threshold. If the motion is above the
predetermined threshold, the logic 3040 instructs an LED controller
to turn on at least one LED. The motion sensor will only be
operational if the light sensor 3060 detects that detected light is
at a low enough level to allow the unit to turn on (i.e. the unit
will only work in the dark or whatever low light level is set by
the light sensor and its detection circuitry). After the at least
one LED is turned on, the logic starts a timer. The logic will then
instruct the LED controller to turn off the at least one LED if no
motion is detected before the timer reaches a predetermined timer
threshold. If motion is detected before the timer reaches the timer
threshold, the LED will remain on and the timer will reset to the
timer starting point. The illustrated embodiment includes this auto
shutoff feature to extend battery life. This feature is factory set
via a timer that expires such that after turn on, if there is no
reactivation of the control to turn the LEDs on, the unit will
automatically turn the LEDs off when the timer expires.
[0373] In the illustrated embodiment, the timer consists of an RC
electrical circuit that discharges to the factory set voltage
threshold over some period of time at which time, if not
retriggered, will automatically shut off the LEDs. Other
embodiments may have a timer built in any known timer circuit. This
feature may be set by toggling or setting a switch, may be dial
selectable, may be set by a potentiometer, may be programmable
directly or by remote, may be responsive to a battery's level, may
include fade-to-off effect and so on. A second feature may have two
or more auto shutoff levels set by multiple timers. For example the
auto shutoff feature may control the light from bright to dim when
the first timer expires and from dim to off when the second timer
expires and so on.
[0374] The illustrated embodiment includes a circuit that allows
the unit to glow at a level such that the unit can be a marker in a
dark environment and when motion is detected it turns on to a
bright level for illumination to a level that a user can find their
way on stairs, steps or where a night light would be desirable. An
alternate embodiment would include a circuit that allows the unit
to be on at a low light level to illuminate an area with enough
light to see the area from a distant and when motion is detected it
turns on to a bright level for illumination to a level that a user
can find their way on stairs, steps or where a night light would be
desirable. In another embodiment, the low light level blinks at
some rate to provide a marker until a sensor triggers transitioning
to a bright level. In some embodiments, the control of the
brightness level at glow, low, bright or any brightness level the
user may desire is controlled by a dial, buttons, switches, RF/IR
remote or any other known control to allow the user to set the
different light levels to the individual user preference.
[0375] In the illustrated embodiment, the shape of the hollowed out
face in the housing 3010 is designed to enhance the appearance of
the glow level of the LEDs as well as better reflect the light when
the light is turned to a bright light level. In other embodiments,
an optical lens or lenses or reflectors to direct the light,
reflect the light or change the viewing angle of the LEDs. The
housing of the unit may include any number of optical elements. The
optical elements may serve to focus, diffuse, filter, collimate, or
otherwise affect light produced by the LEDs 3020. In embodiments,
the optical elements may include one or more lenses, reflectors,
optical filters, aperture, and so on. The lenses may be fixed, a
multiple lens array, adjustable, and so on. The lenses or
reflectors may be manually adjustable, motorized with direct
control with switches on the unit for adjusting the direction or
characteristics of the light source, motorized with a remote
control for adjusting the direction or characteristics of the light
source through RF or IR control or it may detect motion and
automatically adjust the lenses or reflectors to aim the light in
the direction of the motion either to illuminate an area or as a
deterrent for security reasons or as a deterrent for animals.
[0376] In another embodiment, the light can be programmed to fade
over time such that the light is activated and slowly fades until
it reaches either a glow level or a low light level. An example of
this application is a light in the bedroom of a child that is on
when they go to bed at night, but fades over time to a glow level
or a low light level as they fall asleep. The design can include
any controls, methods and circuits by which to achieve multiple
light levels. In addition the design may include methods and
circuits to achieve constant current control to achieve consistent
brightness at the different light levels.
[0377] A feature can be added such that when the batteries are
detected to reach a predetermined low level of charge, the light
will blink to indicate to the user that the batteries need to be
replaced. In an alternate embodiment, the light may include a push
button with a light bar that would show the battery level when the
button is pushed.
[0378] The stair light may also include an on/off switch, a push
button to disable the sensor from activating the light for some
period of time or a push button providing a sleep function that
will shut the light off until the next time the light is enabled to
operate when the light sensor senses a transition from light to
dark. An alternate embodiment could include a sleep/awake button or
buttons such that the light can be put into sleep mode either until
that button or another button is pushed to transition back to
operational or until the next time the light is enabled to operate
when the light sensors senses a transition from light to dark.
Alternate embodiments may also allow for control of the light by
time of day or timer controls such as dials to set when the light
is enabled and when it is disabled. The time of day or timer to
control the light can be set in any manner can be conceived of.
[0379] In the illustrated embodiment, the stair light 3000 includes
a passive infrared sensor configured to detect motion. In one
embodiment, the passive infrared sensor has a range of
approximately 30 feet and a viewing angle of 110 degrees. In
alternative embodiments, the passive infrared sensor may have a
range and viewing angle of any known passive infrared sensor. In
one alternative embodiment, the passive infrared sensor is
removably connected to the unit so that a user may connect any
appropriate sensor. In some embodiments, the passive infrared
sensor may be replaced or enhanced by a radar sensor, an ultrasound
sensor, or any and all other form of motion sensor.
[0380] In other embodiments, any and all sensors may include a
detection threshold or false detection rate that can be configured
according to a user's preference. For example and without
limitation, a light sensor may be configured to detect when
incoming light crosses a user-preferred intensity threshold. A
variety of other such examples will be appreciated, all of which
are within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0381] In the illustrated embodiment, a Fresnel lens enables motion
detections. The motion detector includes a Fresnel lens that guides
infrared light over the PIR sensor in a substantially repeating
pattern as a heat source (such as a person, vehicle, and so on)
passes in front of the lens. In embodiments, the Fresnel lens may
be selected to provide a desired zone of coverage. It will be
understood that a variety of embodiments of motion detectors
including the Fresnel lens are possible.
[0382] With continued reference to FIG. 30, when the motion sensor
3030 detects motion, logic 3040 determines if the motion is above a
predetermined threshold. If the motion is above the predetermined
threshold, the logic 3040 instructs an LED controller to turn on at
least one LED 3020. After the at least one LED 3020 is turned on,
the logic 3040 starts a timer. The logic 3040 will then instruct
the LED controller to turn off the at least one LED 3020 if no
motion is detected before the timer reaches a predetermined
threshold.
[0383] The unit can be controlled by any type of input signal that
can be leveraged by the logic 3040 to manipulate operation of the
LEDs 3020. Thus, the input component can be a radio frequency (RF)
receiver that can obtain an RF signal communicated from an RF
transmitter (not shown) that can be utilized by the logic 3050 to
control operation of the LEDs 3020. According to this example, the
RF signal can be deciphered by the input component to effectuate
switching the LEDs 3020 to an on or off state, changing a light
color or a light intensity provided by the LEDs 3020, and the like.
Additionally or alternatively, the input component can be one or
more sensors that monitor a condition, and monitored information
yielded by such sensor(s) can be utilized to effectuate adjustments
associated with the LEDs 3020.
[0384] It is to be appreciated that any type of sensor(s) can be
utilized in connection with the claimed subject matter instead of
or in conjunction with a motion sensor. For example, the sensor(s)
can be one or more of infrared sensors, light sensors, proximity
sensors, acoustic sensors, motion sensors, carbon monoxide and/or
smoke detectors, thermal sensors, electromagnetic sensors,
mechanical sensors, chemical sensors, and the like. According to
another example, the input component can be a connector, port, etc.
that couples to a disparate device, sensor, etc. to receive the
input signal.
[0385] It is also appreciated that any combination of sensors can
be utilized in connection with the claimed subject matter. The
illustrated embodiment is a combination of a light sensor that will
conserve battery life by only allowing the LEDs to turn on when
there is a low level of light in the environment. When there is
enough light in the environment, the motion sensor will control the
LEDs to turn on when motion is detected. An alternate embodiment
includes an RF receiver and motion sensor in the light with an RF
transmitter remote that can override motion sensor control of the
unit when a user desires that it is turned on for an extended
period of time or controlled remotely rather than by motion. In one
embodiment, the sensor light 3100 is designed with a motion sensor
and an RF receiver. One or more sensor lights 3100 are controlled
by either the motion sensors on the lights, by an RF remote control
or alternately by an RF wall switch. The RF control element is used
to turn on and off both sensor lights. In an alternate embodiment,
the remote control element contains a motion sensor and an RF
transmitter to send the on and off command to the two sensor
lights. In the alternate embodiment, the sensor lights have an RF
receiver but may or may not have a motion sensor.
[0386] Another alternative embodiment includes one or more units
used as stair lights or path lights with an RF receiver as the
input component controlling the light source and an RF transmitter
remote combined with a motion sensor. An example use of this
embodiment is a driveway sensor that detects a car triggering the
motion sensor to send an RF transmission to the light when the car
enters the driveway. The light can stay on for some user set amount
of time, then auto shutoff.
[0387] The combination of sensors can also be used to communicate
between units and network the units together. For example, the
units are a combination of RF transceiver and motion sensor. If one
unit detects motion, it sends out a message to all units via its RF
transmitter to turn all of the units on. Units can also receive a
message via its RF receiver and retransmit it via its RF
transmitter to extend the range of lights beyond what is within the
range of the initial unit that detected motion. The triggering
method can be any method sensor described and the sending of
signals from one unit to another can be RF/IF, wired or wireless
network or wired with any electrical control mechanism between
lights.
[0388] In an alternate embodiment, a group of lights that have a
light sensor and are controlled by RF/IR are used as path lighting.
When the light sensor detects low light levels, the light will be
turned on to a glow level marking the path. When the user wants to
illuminate the path, expecting visitors for example, an RF remote
control or RF wall switch can be used to transmit a signal or
control message to the group of lights to turn on to a bright
level. The user can also transmit a signal or control message to
the light to return them to glow mode or turn them off. An auto
shutoff feature can also be included such that after some period of
time at the bright level, the light will automatically return to
glow mode.
[0389] In another embodiment, the stair lights or path lights are
used for emergency purposes to light up a walkway when there is a
power outage. The stair light or path light has a light source and
RF receiver to control the light source. A circuit that can detect
when AC power is not present is combined with an RF transmitter in
a housing. The RF transmitter unit can be plugged into an
electrical socket, hardwired to an AC wall switch prior to the
switch, wired directly in at the breaker box or at any point in a
power distribution system that a user may want to detect a drop out
in power. Upon detecting the loss of AC power at the monitor point,
a signal is sent to the lights turning them on, emergency lighting
is provided and the path to a safe area is illuminated. In an
alternate embodiment, the RF transmitter unit is connected to the
residential or commercial building security or safety system. If an
alarm is present in the security or safety system that requires
emergency lighting, the system will send a command to the lights to
turn them on.
[0390] In another embodiment, the LEDs or OLEDs are designed into a
strip that can be attached to the floor, wall, ceiling, sidewalk,
pathway, stairwell or any known walkway or structure. The strip can
be attached with screws, nails, adhesive, suction cups, magnets,
VELCRO or in any other known way. The strip can be battery powered
and have a motion sensor built in such that the light strip will
glow all of the time until motion is detected, then turn on
brighter. After some period of time, the light strip will go back
into glow mode. The light strip can also contain a light sensor
such that the light will only turn on if the level of ambient light
drops below a certain level. In an alternate embodiment, the light
strip contains an RF receiver and is controlled by an RF
transmitter remote control. It is to be appreciated that any type
of sensor(s) can be utilized in connection with the claimed subject
matter instead of or in conjunction with a motion sensor. It should
be understood that any type of wireless power defined can be used
in connection with the light strip.
[0391] An example application is for use in a hallway to light up a
path for children during the night to the bathroom. It should also
be understood that the strip can be designed such that multiple
separate light strips can light up to illuminate an entire path if
one strip is activated. In this case, the light strips would need
to be networked together and the first activated light strip would
need to communicate to the other strips to turn on to a bright
level. Another example application is that the light strips have a
smoke detector or thermal sensor integrated or receive a message
from an alarm system to light up a path to a fire exit. Note that
in addition to illumination, the light strips may also use
different color LEDs to identify different paths. For example, a
path of green LEDs leads to a bathroom and a path of red LEDs leads
to a fire exit. It is to be appreciated that the LED strip can be
made of multicolor LEDs such that a user can select the color upon
installation. In the previous example, there are two identical
light strips and there is a switch on the light strip allowing the
user to set the light strip to be a green light strip if the switch
is in one position or a red light switch if the switch is in
another position.
[0392] An alternate application is for a media room environment in
which either stair lights or strip lights are used and are
controlled by RF/IR. The user can allow the lights to glow when the
television is on and use the remote to turn on the lights to a
brighter level when desired. Alternatively, in addition to RF/IR
control directly, the lights can also respond to controls from the
television or media system remote control such that when the
television is off, the recording is paused or stopped. Upon any
other detectable state of the media system, the lights will turn on
to a bright light but under normal television viewing conditions,
the lights will be in glow mode. It is appreciated, that the media
room lighting system can be programmed in any manner it is capable
of in response to any detectable state of the media system. It is
also to be appreciated that instead of for illumination, the
lighting system can be constructed of any color lights possible and
the control system can set the color of light. For example, the
user can hold down a button on the remote and the lighting system
will cycle through the possible light colors until the light is the
desired colored at which time the user releases the button on the
remote leaving the lighting system at the desired color of
light.
[0393] The previously mentioned lights and lighting systems can be
grouped into kits to meet specific user applications. A fall
prevention kit can be constructed of any mix of stair lights, step
lights, night lights, path lights or strip lights in a kit to allow
installation in a residential or commercial building to prevent
falls. The target market for such a kit is the elderly, but it can
be used by any consumer or business motivated to prevent injurious
falls. FIG. 33 shows the components of an example fall prevention
kit 3300. An example fall prevention kit includes six motion sensor
stair lights 3310, two RF controlled stair lights 3320 with one RF
remote control 3330 and associated mounting hardware.
[0394] A deck lighting kit can also be constructed or assembled.
This kit allows a user to install battery powered, RF controlled
lights to the posts of the deck such that installation included no
AC wiring. An example of this kit would include eight RF controlled
stair lights with one RF wall mount switch and associated mounting
hardware.
[0395] A power outage kit can also be sold. The power outage kit
can include all of the lights, batteries and temporary or permanent
installation hardware to allow the user to install battery powered
lighting throughout their house or business in the event that there
is a power outage. An example power outage kit would include a
plastic case containing sixteen motion sensor stair lights with
batteries that have adhesive on the back to allow it to stick to a
wall. In the event of a power outage, the user can quickly walk
through their house, for example, and install the lights by remove
the backing to the adhesive and attaching the light to the
wall.
[0396] FIG. 34 shows an example use scenario 3400 of the stair
light 3410 on a deck at the top stair to the deck. The motion
sensor in the stair light is designed with a wide angle of motion
detection such that it will trigger the stair light to turn on when
motion is detected on the stairs or on the deck. The stair light
also contains a light sensor such that during the day it is turned
off but through the night, in low levels of light, the stair light
will glow at a low level. This is a key to providing a marker light
such that there is enough light for a user to identify the stairs
or the edge of the deck where the stairs start. As the user
approaches the stairs, the stair light will turn on illuminating to
a brighter level enough for the user to see their way. The glow
mode 3420 provides additional safety to mark the location of the
stairs and edge of the deck and when the stair light turns on to
the brighter level as in 3410, the stair light provides additional
illumination of the area for the user to see their way.
[0397] FIG. 35 shows an example use scenario 3500 of three RF
controlled stair lights 3510 mounted on a stair way and an RF
remote control 3520 that can be handheld, mounted to the wall by
bracket or mounted on two wall screws or nails that controls the
three stair lights. An RF remote control with an on button and an
off button is shown. When the on button is pushed, a message
containing timing and synchronization information, a command and a
unique identifier (channel number, unit address number etc.) is
transmitted via the RF transmitter circuit. The message
transmission can be modulated in any manner known in RF
communication (on off keyed, OOK, amplitude shift keyed ASK etc.).
That message is received by all three RF controlled stair lights.
The stair lights receive the message, demodulate it, process the
command and unique identifier and either ignore the command or
change state appropriately. In this use scenario, the two commands
are turn on and turn off. The unique identifier is hard coded into
the remote control and the three stair lights such that the remote
controls the three stair lights. The unique identifier can be set
by dip switch, rotary switch etc on both the remote control and
stair lights. The three stair lights can also learn the unique
identifier of the remote control and thereafter respond to that
unique identifier. For example, after the batteries are inserted
into the stair lights, the unique identifier in the first message
received will be stored in the stair lights. Thereafter, that
remote control will control those stair lights.
[0398] The use scenario can be expanded such that there is no
remote control but rather only the three stair lights 3510. In this
use scenario, the stair lights contain a motion sensor, RF
transmitter and RF receiver. FIG. 35 shows three stair lights. The
stair lights can be controlled either by motion detection or by a
message received by the RF receiver. Thus, in this use scenario, if
motion is detected by one stair light, it can turn its light on and
also send a message by it RF transmitter to turn on the other stair
lights. The other stair lights will receive a message to turn on by
their RF receivers and will subsequently turn on. They can also
then send a message by their RF transmitters to turn on other stair
lights. This message will also contain an indication that this is a
retransmitted message (not from the original source of the motion
detection). Thus, a single motion detection by one stair light can
turn on many stair lights even those not within range of its RF
transmitter. When the originating stair light reaches its auto
shutoff time, it can turn its light off and send a message by its
RF transmitter to turn off the other stair lights. There are many
use scenarios that can result from this function. For example, the
stair light can be mounted to a stake as in FIG. 32 to become a
path light. Path lights can be installed throughout a large garden
or backyard such that motion detection by any of the path lights
will result in a flood of messages through the network of path
lights to ultimately turn any on any path light within range of any
other path light. As another example, several path lights can be
installed along a long driveway perhaps several hundred yards long.
The path lights can glow and when any path light detects motion, it
can send a message to turn on or off the other path lights that
will be flooded through the network of path lights. In another
example, the stair light can be used and mounted on the perimeter
of a large building every 25 feet. If motion is detected at any
point around the perimeter of the building all of the stair lights
will be illuminated. It is to be appreciated that the scope of
messages and how the networking of the lights works can be as
sophisticated or simple as is required by the application. It is
also to be appreciated that any control mentioned herein can be
built into messages and be transmitted through the network of
lights.
[0399] In alternate embodiments, a network of wireless lighting
modules may be created by embedding an RF transceiver with
intelligence (microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated circuit
etc.) in the wireless lighting modules and using a communication
protocol between the modules to control a plurality of modules to
accomplish a task, such as described herein. In embodiments there
may be other control sources designed to communicate through the
network, such as wall switches, key fobs, remote controls, RF
adapters, and the like, that can plug into a computer and be
controlled by a software program, etc. that may also connect to the
network and control wireless lighting modules in the network. By
way of an example, the wireless lighting modules may be a
combination of RF transceiver and motion sensor. For instance, if
one module detects motion, it may send out a message to other
modules via its RF transmitter to turn other modules on to a
specific brightness level. Modules may also receive a message via
its RF receiver and retransmit the message via its RF transmitter
to extend the range of lights beyond what is within the range of
the initial unit that detected motion. In an alternate example, the
control source may be one or more remote controls with a push
button that is pressed to turn the lights on and a push button that
may be pressed to turn the lights off with a unique identifier that
can be set that may select the wireless lighting modules to
control, and the like. When either button is pressed, a command may
be transmitted by a remote control to the network to control one or
more modules that receive it. The command may also be propagated
through the network of modules via the RF transceiver in each
module to control a portion of or the entire network of wireless
lighting modules. It is to be appreciated that the modules may use
other types of networking protocol (e.g. routing, flooding, etc.)
that may effectively distribute state information through the
network of wireless lighting modules. In embodiments, when an auto
shutoff timer of the originating wireless lighting module times
out, it may send an off command which may also be propagated
through the network of light modules to shut them all off. The
triggering method may utilize any sensor described herein, the type
of control of the wireless lighting module may be any control
mentioned herein, and the sending of signals from one wireless
light module to another may be RF/IR, wired or wireless network
(e.g. WIFI, ZIGBEE, X10 etc.) wired with an electrical control
mechanism between wireless lighting modules that can be defined,
and the like. It is also to be appreciated that any standard or
proprietary protocol (e.g. networking protocols such as IP, TCP,
UDP, routing protocols etc. and physical layer protocols such as
WIFI, Ethernet, ZIGBEE etc.) may be used to communicate between
wireless lighting modules. In embodiments, a unique identifier of a
wireless lighting module may be the identifier used in a standard
protocol (e.g. IP address, Ethernet or WIFI MAC address, PAN ID,
House Code, etc.), a proprietary protocol (set at dip switch,
identifier programmed into the wireless lighting module etc.), and
the like. It is to be appreciated that the network of lights in the
lighting installation may be comprised of wireless lighting
modules, wireless light bulbs, a lighting fixture, any mix of
these, and the like.
[0400] In addition to wireless lighting modules, a repeater device
that can communicate with the network of wireless lighting modules
may be designed to extend the range of the network. This device may
or may not have a light source. The repeater device may be
installed in locations with a primary function of extending the
range of the network of wireless lighting modules or filling in
areas with poor or no coverage. The repeater device may be powered
by any form of wireless power mentioned herein or may be designed
to connect to AC power. The repeater device may also contain an
RF/IR, wired or wireless network (WIFI, ZIGBEE, X10 etc.) or wired
with any electrical control mechanism that it requires to be
communicate with wireless lighting modules. It is also to be
appreciated that any standard or proprietary protocol (e.g.
networking protocols such as IP, TCP, UDP, routing protocols etc.
and physical layer protocols such as WIFI, Ethernet, ZIGBEE etc.)
may be used to communicate between repeaters and wireless lighting
modules. The repeater device may communicate with wireless lighting
modules, wireless light bulbs or any mix of the two.
[0401] In another illustrative embodiment, a version of the
wireless lighting module may target wireless remote controlled LED
spotlight applications. With reference to FIG. 36, illustrated is a
perspective view of an embodiment of an RF Spotlight 3600. In the
illustrated embodiment, the RF Spotlight 3600 includes a housing
3610, an adjustable base 3620, a plurality of LEDs 3630, an RF
receiver 3640, logic 3650, a power source 3660, a motion sensor
3670 and RF transmitter 3680. In the illustrated embodiment, the RF
Spotlight 3600 includes 1 LED. In alternative embodiments, the RF
Spotlight may include more LEDs 3630 to provide greater
illumination or fewer LEDs 3630 to use less power. It is to be
appreciated that the RF Spotlight 3600 can include any number of
LEDs 3630, and the LEDs 3630 may be positioned at substantially any
locations with respect to one another as well as in comparison to
the housing 3610. In the illustrated embodiment the LED is the
light source and the housing may be articulated using the
adjustable base 3620 then locked in place to direct the light
output to illuminate a dark area where a user needs additional
light, to direct the motion sensor toward the area where motion
needs to be detected or both. Alternate embodiments may point the
housing or LEDs in any direction that may be required for the
application. In the illustrated embodiment, the RF Spotlight 3600
illuminates an area of approximately three hundred fifty square
feet. Alternate embodiments may include but are not limited to any
known light source including LEDs, compact fluorescent,
incandescent bulbs, and the like, and can illuminate any size area
required by the application.
[0402] As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the RF Spotlight
3600 includes a power source 3660, such as a battery. In the
illustrated embodiment, the spotlight is powered by 3 D batteries.
It should be understood that in alternate embodiments any number
and type of known batteries may be used, including without
limitation all known alkaline and nickel-cadmium batteries,
depending on size and power requirements. According to another
example, the power source may be any number and type of
rechargeable batteries and/or non-rechargeable batteries. Pursuant
to a further illustration, the power source may be a combination of
a solar cell and one or more batteries (e.g., rechargeable,
non-rechargeable, and the like). Thus, for instance, a battery can
supplement the power supplied by the solar cell (or vice versa)
and/or the solar cell can recharge a battery. In some embodiments
of the foregoing arrangement, a solar cell may be diode or-ed with
a battery and the battery may be non-rechargeable.
[0403] In embodiments, the power source 3660 may supply power to
the RF Spotlight 3600 to enable installing, moving, replacing, etc.
the unit at substantially any indoor or outdoor location while
mitigating the need for expensive and time consuming wiring and/or
utilization of aesthetically unpleasing and potentially
inconvenient cords commonly associated with conventional
lighting.
[0404] In alternate embodiments the power source may include a fuel
cell, such as and without limitation a hydrogen fuel cell, a
reformed methanol fuel cell, or the like. In alternate embodiments,
the power source may include a capacitor, array of capacitor, super
capacitor, and the like, to store energy to be used as a power
source similar to a battery. It should be understood that any type
of or combination of wireless power sources described herein may be
used in connection with the RF Spotlight 3600.
[0405] The illustrated embodiment may include an RF receiver 3640
and motion sensor 3670 in the RF Spotlight 3600 with an RF
transmitter 3680 remote that may override motion sensor control of
the unit when a user desires that it is turned on for an extended
period of time or controlled remotely rather than by motion. In the
illustrated embodiment, there is also a light sensor that may
disable the RF Spotlight 3600 during the day time. In one alternate
embodiment, there may be no light sensor and the RF Spotlight 3600
contains only an RF receiver 3640 and motion sensor 3670. In
another alternate embodiment, there may be no motion sensor and the
RF Spotlight 3600 contains only an RF receiver 3640. In another
alternate embodiment, there may be no RF receiver 3640 and the
Spotlight only contains a motion sensor and may contain a light
sensor. It is to be appreciated that any combination of wireless
control mentioned herein may be used in conjunction with the RF
Spotlight 3600.
[0406] The illustrated embodiment includes an RF transmitter 3680.
The RF transmitter 3680 may send commands to the RF Spotlight 3600
via the RF receiver 3640 to control the logic 3650 to control the
light source to turn it on or off, modify the brightness, modify
the color or modify any other characteristic of the light source.
In the illustrated embodiment, the user may select a channel number
on the RF transmitter 3680 and RF Spotlight 3600 through a dip
switch on each unit. It is to be appreciated that the channel
number may be set by any method mentioned herein. When a button is
pushed on the RF transmitter 3680, a message containing the command
and channel number may be sent. Any RF Spotlight 3600 within range
of the RF transmitter 3680 may receive and respond to the command.
In alternate embodiments, the RF Spotlight 3600 may also contain an
RF transmitter circuit designed in the spotlight such that a
network of RF Spotlights can be created allowing spotlights to be
controlled beyond the range of the originating RF transmitter.
[0407] In another illustrative embodiment, a version of the
wireless lighting module may target wireless remote controlled LED
ceiling light applications. With reference to FIG. 37, illustrated
is a perspective view of an embodiment of an RF Ceiling Light 3700.
In the illustrated embodiment, the RF Ceiling Light 3700 may
include a housing 3710, a mounting bracket 3720, a plurality of
LEDs 3730, an RF receiver 3740, logic 3750, a power source 3760, a
motion sensor 3770, RF transmitter 3780, and the like. In the
illustrated embodiment, the RF Ceiling Light 3700 may include an
LED. In alternative embodiments, the RF Ceiling Light 3700 may
include more LEDs 3730 to provide greater illumination or fewer
LEDs 3730 to use less power. It is to be appreciated that the RF
Ceiling Light 3700 may include any number of LEDs 3730, and the
LEDs 3730 may be positioned at substantially any locations with
respect to one another as well as in comparison to the housing
3710. In the illustrated embodiment the LED is the light source and
the housing 3710 may be removed from a mounting bracket 3720, to
replace the batteries for example, then locked back in place for
normal operation. It is to be appreciated that there may or may not
be a mounting bracket 3720 and that the housing 3710 may be mounted
directly to the mounting surface (ceiling, wall etc.) with any
mounting mechanism mentioned herein. In alternate embodiments, the
mounting bracket 3720 may be an articulating bracket that allows
the ceiling light to be mounted to the bracket which may be mounted
to the mounting surface. The bracket and thus the ceiling light may
be pointed in any direction the user may require to point the LEDs
3730, point the motion sensor 3770 in the desired direction to
detect motion or to point the unit in any desired direction as
required by the application. In the illustrated embodiment, the RF
Ceiling Light 3700 illuminates an area of approximately ninety
square feet. Alternate embodiments may include but are not limited
to any known light source including LEDs, compact fluorescent,
incandescent bulbs, and the like, and may illuminate any size area
required by the application.
[0408] As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the RF Ceiling Light
3700 includes a power source 3760, such as a battery. In the
illustrated embodiment, the ceiling light is powered by 4 C
batteries. It is to be appreciated that in alternate embodiments
any number and type of known batteries may be used, including
without limitation all known alkaline and nickel-cadmium batteries,
depending on size and power requirements. According to another
example, the power source may be any number and type of
rechargeable batteries and/or non-rechargeable batteries. Pursuant
to a further illustration, the power source may be a combination of
a solar cell and one or more batteries (e.g., rechargeable,
non-rechargeable, . . . ). Thus, for instance, a battery may
supplement the power supplied by the solar cell (or vice versa)
and/or the solar cell can recharge a battery. In some embodiments
of the foregoing arrangement, a solar cell may be diode or-ed with
a battery and the battery may be non-rechargeable.
[0409] In embodiments, the battery 3760 may supply power to the RF
Ceiling Light 3700 to enable installing, moving, replacing, etc.
the unit at substantially any indoor or outdoor location while
mitigating the need for expensive and time consuming wiring and/or
utilization of aesthetically unpleasing and potentially
inconvenient cords commonly associated with conventional
lighting.
[0410] In alternate embodiments the power source may include a fuel
cell, such as and without limitation a hydrogen fuel cell, a
reformed methanol fuel cell, or the like. In alternate embodiments,
the power source may include a capacitor, array of capacitor, super
capacitors, and the like, to store energy to be used as a power
source similar to a battery. It should be understood that any type
of wireless power described herein may be used in connection with
the RF Ceiling Light 3700.
[0411] The illustrated embodiment may include an RF receiver 3740
and motion sensor 3770 in the RF Ceiling Light 3700 with an RF
transmitter 3780 remote that may override motion sensor control of
the unit when a user desires that it is turned on for an extended
period of time, controlled remotely rather than by motion, and the
like. In the illustrated embodiment, there may also be a light
sensor that disables the RF Ceiling Light 3700 during the day time.
In one alternate embodiment, there may be no light sensor and the
RF Ceiling Light 3700 may contain only an RF receiver 3740 and
motion sensor 3770. In another alternate embodiment, there may be
no motion sensor and the RF Spotlight 3700 may contain only an RF
receiver 3740. In another alternate embodiment, there may be no RF
receiver 3740 and the ceiling light may only contain a motion
sensor and may or may not contain a light sensor. It is to be
appreciated that any combination of wireless control mentioned
herein may be used in conjunction with the RF Ceiling Light
3700.
[0412] The illustrated embodiment may include an RF transmitter
3780. The RF transmitter 3780 may send commands to the RF Ceiling
Light 3700 via the RF receiver 3740 to control the logic 3750 to
control the light source to turn it on or off, modify the
brightness, modify the color, or modify any other characteristic of
the light source. In the illustrated embodiment, the user may
select a channel number on the RF Transmitter 3780 and RF Ceiling
Light 3700 through a dip switch on each unit. It is to be
appreciated that the channel number may be set by any method
mentioned herein.
[0413] Alternate embodiments of the RF Ceiling Light may be
designed with a different housing that allows installation in a
suspended grid ceiling system in locations typically occupied by
1.times.1, 2.times.2, 2.times.4 size ceiling tiles or the like. In
this embodiment, the housing may contain any of the features of the
RF Ceiling Light, but is designed in a ceiling tile form factor. In
alternate embodiments, the housing may be designed in any form
factor to be used in place of a fluorescent fixture such as but not
limited to high bay fixtures, lay-in fixtures, strip fixtures,
under cabinet fixtures, wall mount fixtures, wrap around fixtures,
and the like. In embodiments, the wireless lighting module may be
designed to fit into place in the socket of the fixture (i.e. as a
bulb replacement) or the entire wireless lighting module fixture
may be the same form factor as the fluorescent fixtures listed and
be applicable for use in similar applications. The ceiling light
may contain non-rechargeable or rechargeable batteries. In
alternate embodiments, the wireless lighting module may have any
type of connector on it that allows for charging by connection to a
mating connector and that provides the AC or DC power source. In
some embodiments the ceiling light may also allow a connection to
an AC input and may contain the required circuitry to convert AC to
DC for the light source and wireless control. In some embodiments,
the RF Ceiling Light may replace a fluorescent light that is
connected to a resistive, reactive, or electronic ballast in which
case the ceiling light may also contain circuitry to take the
output of the ballast and convert it to DC power suitable for the
light source and wireless control. By way of an example, a version
of the RF Ceiling Light containing an RF receiver and a motion
sensor may be designed into a housing that fits into a 2.times.2
ceiling grid. The RF Ceiling Light may also contain rechargeable
batteries and an AC-to-DC converter and ballast conditioning
circuit to connect to a ballast in the case where the RF Ceiling
Light is a retrofit of a standard fluorescent fixture. There may
also be intelligence (microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated
circuit etc.) inside the RF Ceiling Light such that is can be
programmed to draw power from the AC input, from the rechargeable
batteries, or both. The intelligence may use a real time clock and
be programmed to use the AC input and charge the batteries during
off peak billing times and use battery power during on peak billing
times such that there is an overall cost savings in energy usage.
The unit may be programmed for operation based on a Time of Use
(TOU) price plan from the energy company. The rechargeable battery
capacity may or may not be enough to power the light source for the
entire duration of the on peak billing time. In such a case, the
intelligence may be able to switch between or control a sharing of
the load between battery power and AC input power based on a
measurement of battery capacity level, power use from the embedded
batteries and from the AC input or any other measurable parameter
that allow for an optimization for cost or minimize power
consumption of the combined use of embedded batteries and AC input
power.
[0414] In an alternate embodiment the RF Ceiling Light 3700 may
include an RF transmitter built into the ceiling light such that
there is both an RF transmitter and RF receiver. In addition, there
may or may not be a motion sensor, light sensor, or any other form
of wireless control or sensor mentioned herein. A network of RF
Ceiling Lights 3700 may be created by embedding an RF transceiver
with intelligence (microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated
circuit etc.) in the ceiling light and using a communication
protocol between the ceiling lights to control any size group of
ceiling lights to accomplish any task described herein. Other
control sources designed to communicate through the network such as
wall switches, key fobs, remote controls, RF adapters, and the
like, that can plug into a computer and be controlled by a software
program, etc. may also connect to the network and control the
ceiling lights in the network. By way of an example, if one ceiling
light detects motion, it may send out a message to all ceiling
lights via its RF transmitter to turn all of the ceiling lights on
to a specific brightness level. When that ceiling light reaches an
auto shutoff time, it may then send out a message to one or more
ceiling lights via its RF transmitter to turn one or more of the
ceiling lights off, set them to a glow, set them to a low level of
light, and the like. Ceiling lights may also receive a message via
its RF receiver and retransmit it via its RF transmitter to extend
the range of lights beyond what is within the range of the initial
unit that detected motion. In an alternate example, the control
source may be one or more remote controls with a push button that
is pressed to turn the lights on and a push button, that is pressed
to turn the lights off with a unique identifier that can be set
that may select the ceiling light or lights to control, and the
like. When either button is pressed, a command may be transmitted
by a remote control to the network to control the ceiling lights
that receive it. The command may also be propagated through the
network of ceiling lights via the RF transceiver in each ceiling
light to control a portion of or the entire network of ceiling
lights. It is to be appreciated that the ceiling lights may use any
type of networking protocol (e.g. routing, flooding etc.) that may
effectively distribute state information through the network. In
embodiments, when an auto shutoff timer of the originating ceiling
light times out, it may send an off command which is also
propagated through the network of ceiling lights to shut one or
more ceiling lights off. In embodiments, the triggering method may
utilize any sensor described herein, the type of control of the
ceiling lights may be any control mentioned herein, and the sending
of signals from one ceiling light to another may be RF/IR, wired or
wireless network (WIFI, ZIGBEE, X10 etc.) or wired with any
electrical control mechanism between ceiling lights that can be
defined. It is also to be appreciated that any standard or
proprietary protocol (e.g. networking protocols such as IP, TCP,
UDP, routing protocols etc. and physical layer protocols such as
WIFI, Ethernet, ZIGBEE etc.) may be used to communicate between
ceiling lights.
[0415] By way of an example, the ceiling lights may contain any of
the functionality described herein, but also contain a ZIGBEE
transceiver and the networking stack necessary to create a ZIGBEE
mesh network of ceiling lights. In this case, the RF transmitter
and receiver may be compliant to ZIGBEE standards. The networking
stack allows for the creation of a mesh network that provides all
of the routing and forwarding capabilities found in a typical
ZIGBEE network. In addition, a ceiling light may act as a ZIGBEE
access point allowing ZIGBEE compliant wireless sensors and devices
to connect to the mesh network of ceiling lights. Thus a user may
install lighting and a ZIGBEE network with the installation of the
ZIGBEE capable ceiling lights. A ZIGBEE compliant adapter that can
be plugged into a computer, for example into a USB port of a
computer directly or by cable, may allow a software program running
on the computer to program functionality into, control, or gather
status from the network of ceiling lights. Intelligence designed
into the ceiling light (microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated
circuit etc.) and use of the ZIGBEE communication protocol between
the ceiling lights and with the ZIGBEE adapter connected to the
computer may allow software to communicate with the ceiling lights
to implement the desired functionality. Thus, the intelligent
control may be distributed (e.g. each ceiling light may contain a
microprocessor running specific software to implement
functionality) or centralized (e.g. software running on the
computer can contain most of the intelligence and can control the
ceiling lights as required). It is to be appreciated that the
ZIGBEE capable ceiling lights may be individually addressable such
that the control may be from a single ceiling light up to the
entire network of ceiling lights. In addition, if ZIGBEE compliant
wireless devices or sensors are also installed, the software
program may interface with those devices and provide additional
functionality independent of the lighting installation. It is to be
appreciated that any wireless lighting module or wireless light
bulb may be designed to provide this functionality. In alternate
embodiments, the ZIGBEE functionality may be replaced by WIFI,
Z-Wave, BLUETOOTH, or any other network that may be useful in a
deployment in addition to the lighting installation.
[0416] In other embodiments, the wireless lighting module may
contain rechargeable batteries such that the module may be
recharged by connecting the module to an AC power source such as
plugging the module into a recharging base, plugging the module
into an AC outlet directly, connecting the module to an AC outlet
by cable, plugging a wall transformer to the wall then connecting a
DC jack to the wireless lighting module, and the like. In some
embodiments, the wireless lighting module may contain circuitry to
convert the AC power source to DC and charge the batteries and may
or may not power the light source while charging the batteries. In
some embodiments, the wireless lighting module may be connected to
a DC power source for recharging and as such would have circuitry
to make use of the DC power source for recharging the batteries and
may or may not power the light source while charging the batteries.
By way of an example, an RF ceiling light containing rechargeable
batteries may be mounted to the ceiling or wall. When the capacity
of the rechargeable batteries dips below a level that the light
output is no longer acceptable, a user may unscrew the RF ceiling
light and connect it to a charging base. The charging base may be
comprised of the circuitry necessary to charge the batteries to
capacity as well as the electrical and mechanical configuration
necessary to electrically and physically connect a ceiling light to
the base. When battery charging is complete, the user may remove
the ceiling light from the charging base and return it to the
ceiling or wall. In another example, a motion spotlight containing
rechargeable batteries that contains a 2.5 mm jack and accepts a DC
input can be connected to a wall transformer with a 2.5 mm jack.
The DC output of the wall transformer falls within the range of the
DC input to charge the batteries. The motion spotlight may contain
circuitry required to recharge the batteries and may or may not
power the motion spotlight during the charging of the
batteries.
[0417] In alternate embodiments, the wireless lighting module may
have any type of connector on it that allows for charging by
connection to a mating connector and that provides the AC or DC
power source. In an alternate embodiment, the module may have a USB
connector on it that allows for charging by connection to a USB
port. In other alternate embodiments any form of wireless power
mentioned herein may be used for recharging a wireless lighting
module. By way of an example, one or more external thin film solar
cells may be connected to the wireless lighting module by cable and
provide a DC input to recharge the batteries. It is to be
appreciated that any combination of charging approaches may be
included in the same wireless lighting module.
[0418] In embodiments of a wireless lighting module, there may be a
USB connector on the wireless lighting module. The USB connector
may also be used as a communication interface to program the
wireless lighting module. The wireless lighting module may attach
to a computer via USB directly or over a USB cable to connect the
module for programming. In other embodiments, different interface
types on the module such as Ethernet, IEEE 1394 Fire Wire, Serial
Port, or the like, may be used to connect to a computer directly or
by cable to program the module. In another example, a programming
adapter connected to the computer that the wireless lighting module
can plug into or connect to electrically and mechanically in any
known manner may serve as the interface to program the module. In
other embodiments, an RF or IR adapter that can plug into a
computer directly or via a cable using any of the interface types
listed may send programming information to one or more wireless
lighting modules containing an RF or IR receiver or transceiver to
program the wireless lighting modules. In some embodiments, an RF
or IR interface to the wireless lighting module may be provided by
any intelligent device (e.g. remote control, keypad, PDA, custom
circuit design, etc.) with the RF or IR interface, and the ability
to communicate with the wireless lighting modules may be used to
program the wireless lighting modules. A software program or other
device that allows a user to set the state of the module based on
timer or time of day, auto shut-off times, color temperature, light
strength (glow levels, low light levels, dimming/fading functions),
motion sensitivity and listening on times, light sensitivity, level
of ambient light controlled by a photocell, energy usage control to
control light output based on a desired amount of energy usage over
time, network parameters (unique IDs, network IDs, multicast IDs,
broadcast IDs, IP address, routing and forwarding information for
the network, WIFI SSIDs, ZIGBEE PAN IDs and network IDs, X10 four
bit house code, INSTEON address or the like), sensor parameters
(detection thresholds for setting the state of the module, timer
and time of day settings for when the sensor is active and the
like), etc. may be used to connect to and program the state of the
module. It is to be appreciated that the wireless lighting module
may contain the intelligence necessary to implement the
programmable functions.
[0419] In addition to controlling the lighting installation, the
sensors and intelligence that are designed into wireless lighting
modules and communication interface implemented in the wireless
light modules may allow the wireless lighting modules installed to
also perform functions in addition to lighting. This applies to any
type of wireless lighting module mentioned herein. The embedded
sensors and intelligence together with the communication interface
may allow a single wireless lighting module to implement
functionality beyond just lighting. Multiple wireless lighting
modules may form a sensor network to add useful functions to a
lighting installation where multiple wireless lighting modules may
be individually controlled or work as a network to implement one or
more functions in addition to lighting. A software program or
intelligent device may allow a user to gather status from a sensor
in the wireless lighting module or from intelligence designed into
the wireless lighting module over the communication interface such
as but not limited to temperature, ambient light levels, battery
capacity levels, energy usage statistics, on and off time records,
sensor detection data and statistics (motion detections per some
unit of time, switch actuation information to generate an alarm,
smoke detector alarm signals etc.), network usage statistics,
information that can be gathered from any sensor or intelligence
built into the wireless lighting module, and the like. A software
program or intelligent device may also receive a stream of data
collected by a sensor of the wireless lighting module over the
communication interface such as but not limited to audio from a
microphone, a video stream from a camera, pictures from a digital
camera, RFID tag read information (i.e. an RFID tag reader), etc. A
software program or intelligent device may also control a device
inside the wireless lighting module over the communication
interface to implement any function such as but not limited to a
speaker to make announcements or generate sound, a horn to generate
alarms, enable a circuit to energize or de-energize a relay or
other switch control, turn on or off a motor, etc.
[0420] An intelligent device (microcontroller, microprocessor,
integrated circuit etc.) inside the wireless lighting module may
also be reprogrammed in the field. By way of an example, a
microcontroller may contain flash memory that can be reprogrammed.
A new program may be transferred to the microcontroller, for
example by an RF communication interface on the wireless lighting
module. The new program may then be burned into flash memory by
code running on the microcontroller and after programming the
wireless lighting module may have a new or added function. In one
embodiment, the RF with motion sensor stair light may contain a
microcontroller that responds to RF and motion inputs. In
embodiments, new microcode may be written for the RF with motion
sensor stair light with an additional time of day clock that can be
programmed to turn the light on or off at set times during the day.
By programming the new microcode into flash memory on the RF with
motion sensor stair light, the time of day function may be
added.
[0421] In one use case, the design may be a battery powered, RF
controlled ceiling light wireless lighting module that also
contains a motion sensor. For instance, the ceiling lights may be
installed in office space, such as in 50 different locations, in
addition the lighting that is installed. Software running on a
computer may allow a security guard to communicate with and receive
status from the ceiling lights. When a ceiling light detects
motion, it may send a message to the security guard's computer that
motion has been detected and which module has detected the motion
(i.e. the location where the motion is). In embodiments, the
security guard may receive a message or an alarm that motion has
been detected in one of 50 locations which may provide an
indication of a security issue or that someone is not where they
are supposed to be. In an alternate use case, the ceiling lights
may record a statistic called "number of motion detections since
last read". A software application may read and compile that
statistic from each ceiling light and determine how to most
efficiently use the lighting by time of day and usage profile. It
may be used not only to control lighting but for occupancy studies
in building management, used to record the flow of traffic past a
certain point, control the entire lighting installation beyond just
the ceiling lights, and the like. In one possible use, the sensor
may not control lighting, but may be used for the information
provided by the sensor in addition to the light that is used for
illumination.
[0422] In another use case, the design may be a recessed fixture
RFID reader wireless lighting module. In embodiments, they may be
installed in office space, such as in 50 different locations, in
addition the lighting that is installed. Employees and guests may
be issued identification, such as badges that are RFID tags or
access cards that can be read by the RFID reader or the access card
reader in the wireless lighting module. In addition, RFID tags may
be attached to assets for operational efficiency and theft
prevention. Software running on a computer may receive the reads of
the identifications badges or asset tags and may provide an
indication of current or last known location within the building
with respect to the location of the RFID reader wireless lighting
modules. For example, this may provide the building manager the
ability to find, track or review the real time or historical
movements of employees, guests or assets. In embodiments, this
functionality may be used for safety, security, operational
efficiency, etc.
[0423] In another use case, a wireless lighting module targeting a
porch light application may have a speaker or alarm horn in it that
allows announcements to be made (such as in the case of an intercom
system which could be two way if the units had a microphone on
them) or alarm sounds to be generated in certain emergency
situations. In an alternate use case, the porch light may be
designed with a microphone and speaker built in. In embodiments, a
user may push a button on an intercom box inside of their house to
talk or listen to a visitor through the porch light microphone and
speaker.
[0424] It is to be appreciated that the programmability, ability to
gather status or control the lighting, installation, and the like,
may apply to wireless lighting modules, wireless light bulbs,
wireless lighting fixtures, and the like, or a combination thereof.
By way of an example, a lighting installation that includes RF
controlled wireless light bulbs, RF ceiling lights, RF path lights
and RF spotlights may be installed, and an intelligent lighting
control software capable of communicating with all of the lighting
components for programming, may gather status and/or control the
entire mix of components in the lighting installation.
[0425] Alternate embodiments of the wireless lighting module may be
designed with a housing that allows installation in a 2 or 4 pin
plug-in fluorescent socket, or the like. In this embodiment, the
housing may contain any of the features of a wireless lighting
module, and in embodiments, designed with a 2 or 4 pin plug that
allows it to be installed in a plug in fluorescent light fixture.
The wireless lighting module may physically couple with the fixture
to support the wireless lighting module, yet electrical current
need not flow between the fixture and the wireless lighting module.
In such a case, the wireless lighting module may contain one or
more wireless power sources that provides power to the module. In
embodiments, the wireless lighting module may contain one or more
wireless control sources. In some embodiments, the wireless
lighting module may replace a fluorescent light that is connected
to a resistive, reactive, or electronic ballast in which case the
wireless lighting module may also contain circuitry to take the
output of the ballast and convert it to DC power suitable for the
light source and wireless control. The wireless lighting module may
also contain non-rechargeable or rechargeable batteries. In the
case where the module contains rechargeable batteries it may
contain the circuitry to charge the batteries. There may also be
intelligence (microcontroller, microprocessor, integrated circuit
etc.) inside the wireless lighting module such that it can be
programmed to draw power from the AC input, from the rechargeable
batteries, or both. In embodiments, the intelligence may use a real
time clock and be programmed to use the AC input and charge the
batteries during off peak billing times and use the battery power
during on peak billing times such that there is an overall cost
savings in energy usage. The unit can be programmed for operation
based on a Time of Use (TOU) price plan from the energy company.
The rechargeable battery capacity may or may not be enough to power
the light source for the entire duration of the on peak billing
time. In such a case, the intelligence may be able to switch
between battery power and AC input power based on a measurement of
battery capacity level, power use from the embedded batteries and
from the AC input or any other measurable parameter that allow for
an optimization for cost or power consumption of the combined use
of embedded batteries and AC input power.
[0426] In embodiments, the present invention may provide a power
uninterruptable led light with sensor-based control for
transferring to internal power in the event of an ac power
disruption. As shown in FIG. 38, a system may provide an
uninterruptable lighting source, comprising an uninterruptable
lighting facility 3802 containing an LED lighting source 3804, a
remote control device 3808, and a control facility 3810 for
manipulating the light output of the LED lighting source, where the
uninterruptable lighting facility provides the LED lighting source
in response to a disruption of AC power 3812. A rechargeable energy
storage device 3814 integrated with the uninterruptable lighting
facility may be capable of supplying power to the uninterruptable
lighting facility independent of the AC power, where the recharging
may be provided internal to the uninterruptable lighting facility
at a time when the AC power may be available. The uninterruptable
lighting facility may be disconnected from the AC power and used as
a portable lighting device. The rechargeable energy storage device
internal to the uninterruptable lighting facility may be a battery,
fuel cell, super capacitor, and the like. The uninterruptable
lighting facility may provide the lighting source based on
information related to a switch setting sensing. The switch setting
sensing may be through electrical impedance sensing. The switch
setting sensing may be through a detection of AC power at a light
switch. The detection may be provided through an RF transmitter
embedded into the light switch that detects AC power prior to the
switch and detects the state of the switch. The information may be
transmitted to the uninterruptable lighting facility to switch over
to the rechargeable energy storage device integrated with the
uninterruptable lighting facility. The uninterruptable lighting
facility may take the form of a light bulb that mounts into a
standard lighting fixture. The uninterruptable lighting facility
takes the form of a lighting fixture, a retrofit light bulb, a
retrofit lighting fixture, a fluorescent tube, a fluorescent lamp,
and the like. The remote control device may be an RF receiver for
remote control signal input, IR receiver for remote control signal
input, wireless communications receiver, a wireless communications
transceiver, a wireless network interface device, and the like. The
control facility may utilize a control input from an input device,
internal timer, internal clock, internal program, and the like, to
manipulate the light output of the LED lighting source. The control
facility may select a power source for the light source from
between AC power and the rechargeable energy storage device. The
selection may be controlled by an internal timer or time of day
clock, a light sensor sensing the level of ambient light, a motion
sensor sensing motion, a stored command received from the remote
control device, switches on the housing, detection of power
sequencing, commands received over the power lines, and the like.
The manipulating may be controlled by at least one of an internal
timer or time of day clock, by a light sensor sensing the level of
ambient light, by a motion sensor sensing motion, by a command
received from the remote, by switches on the housing, by detecting
power sequencing, by commands over the power lines, and the like.
The control facility controls when the rechargeable energy storage
device may be charging. In addition there may be an input device.
The input device may be a sensor device. The sensor device may
sense IR, temperature, light, motion, acoustic, vibration, and the
like. The sensor device may be an electrical power condition sense
device. The input device may be an energy input device, including a
solar cell, wind turbine, and the like. The manipulating may be
switching on the light output, changing the illumination level of
the light output, flashing the light output, changing the color
content of the light output, and the like. The change to the
illumination level of the output to a lower level may consume less
power and provides longer battery life.
[0427] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 39, a system may provide an
uninterruptable lighting source, comprising an uninterruptable
lighting facility 3902 containing an LED lighting source 3904, and
a control facility 3908 for manipulating the light output of the
LED lighting source. The uninterruptable lighting facility may
provide the LED lighting source in response to a disruption of AC
power 3910, and a replaceable battery 3912 integrated with the
uninterruptable lighting facility may be capable of supplying power
to the uninterruptable lighting facility independent of the AC
power. The battery may be a rechargeable battery. The battery may
be a non-rechargeable battery. There may be a low battery
indication on the uninterruptable lighting source.
[0428] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 40, a system may provide an
uninterruptable lighting source, comprising an uninterruptable
lighting facility 4002 containing an LED lighting source 4004, an
input device 4008, an electrical switch condition sense device
4012, and a control facility 4010 for manipulating the light output
of the LED lighting source, where the uninterruptable lighting
facility provides the LED lighting source in response to a
disruption of AC power 4014. A rechargeable energy storage device
4018 may be integrated with the uninterruptable lighting facility
that may be capable of supplying power to the uninterruptable
lighting facility independent of the AC power, where the recharging
may be provided internal to the uninterruptable lighting facility
at a time when the AC power may be available. The electrical switch
condition sense device may determine the position of an electrical
switch through electrical impedance sensing of the electrical
switch.
[0429] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 41, a system may provide an
uninterruptable lighting source, comprising an uninterruptable
lighting facility 4102 containing an LED lighting source 4104, a
sensor device 4108, and a control facility 4110 for manipulating
the light output of the LED lighting source, where the
uninterruptable lighting facility provides the LED lighting source
in response to a disruption of AC power 4112. A replaceable battery
4114 may be integrated with the uninterruptable lighting facility
that is capable of supplying power to the uninterruptable lighting
facility independent of the AC power. The sensor device may sense
IR, temperature, light, motion, acoustic, vibration, and the
like.
[0430] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 42, a system may provide an
uninterruptable lighting source, comprising an uninterruptable
lighting facility 4202 containing an LED lighting source 4204, a
sensor device 4208, and a control facility 4210 for manipulating
the light output of the LED lighting source, where the
uninterruptable lighting facility may provide the LED lighting
source in response to a disruption of AC power 4212. A rechargeable
energy storage device 4214 may be integrated with the
uninterruptable lighting facility that is capable of supplying
power to the uninterruptable lighting facility independent of the
AC power, where the recharging may be provided internal to the
uninterruptable lighting facility at a time when the AC power may
be available. The sensor device may sense IR, temperature, light,
motion, acoustic, vibration, and the like.
[0431] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 43, a system may provide an
uninterruptable lighting source, comprising an uninterruptable
lighting facility 4302 containing an LED lighting source 4304 and a
control facility 4308 for manipulating the light output of the LED
lighting source, where the uninterruptable lighting facility may
provide the LED lighting source in response to a disruption of AC
power 4310. A rechargeable energy storage device 4312 may be
integrated with the uninterruptable lighting facility that is
capable of supplying power to the uninterruptable lighting facility
independent of the AC power, where the recharging may be provided
internal to the uninterruptable lighting facility at a time when
the AC power may be available. The uninterruptable lighting
facility may take the form of a light bulb that mounts into a
standard lighting fixture, a fluorescent tube that mounts into a
standard fluorescent lighting fixture, a fluorescent lamp that
mounts into a standard lighting fixture or a standard fluorescent
lighting fixture, and the like. The uninterruptable lighting
facility may be disconnected from the AC power and used as a
portable lighting device. The rechargeable energy storage device
internal to the uninterruptable lighting facility may be a battery,
fuel cell, super capacitor, and the like. In addition there may be
an input device. The input device may be a sensor device. The
sensor device may sense IR, temperature, light, motion, acoustic,
vibration, and the like. The sensor device may be an electrical
power condition sense device. The input device may be an energy
input device, including a solar cell, wind turbine, and the like.
The control facility may utilize a control input from an input
device, internal timer, internal clock, internal program, and the
like, to manipulate the light output of the LED lighting source.
The manipulating may be controlled by at least one of an internal
timer or time of day clock, a light sensor sensing the level of
ambient light, a motion sensor sensing motion, a command received
from the remote, switches on the housing, detecting power
sequencing, commands over the power lines, and the like. The
control facility may select a power source for the light source
from between AC power and the rechargeable energy storage device.
The selection may be controlled by an internal timer or time of day
clock. A light sensor may sense the level of ambient light, motion
sensor sensing motion, from the remote control device, by switches
on the housing, by detection of power sequencing, by commands
received over the power lines, and the like. The control facility
may control when the rechargeable energy storage device may be
charging. The manipulating may be switching on the light output,
changing the illumination level of the light output, flashing the
light output, changing the color content of the light output, and
the like. The change to the illumination level of the output to a
lower level may consume less power and provides longer battery
life.
[0432] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 44, the present invention
may provide for an externally controllable LED light. A method may
be provided for power management in a lighting source, comprising
providing an LED lighting facility 4402, where the LED lighting
facility includes an LED lighting source 4404, an external control
device 4408 for communicating between the LED light facility and an
external control source 4418, an internal control facility 4410, an
energy storage device 4414, and a connection to AC power 4412.
Power usage may be shifted between the AC power and the energy
storage device as controlled by the internal control facility and
as a result of information received from the external control
source. In addition there may be a remote control input device. The
energy storage device may be a rechargeable battery, fuel cell,
super capacitor, and the like. The internal control device may
control a charging of the energy storage device from AC power. The
external control source may communicate an external control signal
to the external control device that provides light output,
time-based, a trigger for a memory-based pre-programmed, a trigger
for sensor-based preprogrammed, and the like, control of the LED
lighting facility. The external control source may be generated by
a utility company, a networked software application, and the like.
The external control source may be communicated wirelessly from a
network, through the power lines, through a wired network
connection, and the like. The LED lighting facility may take the
form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture,
a lighting fixture, a lighting fixture that has no electrical
connection to AC power, a fluorescent tube, a fluorescent lamp, and
the like. The energy storage device may be capable of supplying the
source of power for the LED lighting facility to provide power
management, where power management may be due to AC power being
interrupted, to improve energy efficiency, to provide cost savings,
due to a need to reduce energy demand, and the like. The energy
demand may be a peak energy demand, at predetermined times, at a
time when new energy demand may be required at an energy provider,
and the like. In addition there may be an internal control facility
utilizing a control input from an input device, internal timer,
internal clock, internal program, and the like, to manage the power
usage. The management of power usage may be through selection of
the power source, through control of when a power source may be
charging, through the amount of load shared by the power sources,
and the like.
[0433] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 45, a method may provide
for the power management in a lighting source, comprising providing
an LED lighting facility 4502, where the LED lighting facility may
include an LED lighting source 4504, an external control device
4508 for communicating between the LED light facility and an
external control source 4520, an internal control facility 4510, an
electrical switch condition sense device 4512, an energy storage
device 4518, and a connection to AC power 4514. Power usage may be
shifted between the AC power and the energy storage device as
controlled by the internal control facility and as a result of
information received from the external control source. The
electrical switch condition sense device may determine the position
of an electrical switch through electrical impedance sensing of the
electrical switch. In addition there may be an internal control
facility utilizing a control input from an input device, internal
timer, internal clock, internal program, and the like, to manage
the power usage. The management of power usage may be through
selection of the power source, through control of when a power
source may be charging, through the amount of load shared by the
power sources, and the like. The external control source may be
generated by a utility company, a networked software application,
and the like.
[0434] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 46, a method may be
provided for power management in a lighting source, comprising
providing an LED lighting facility 4602, where the LED lighting
facility includes an LED lighting source 4604, a sensor device
4608, an external control device 4610 for communicating between the
LED light facility and an external control source 4620, an internal
control facility 4612, an energy storage device 4618, and a
connection to AC power 4614. Power usage may be shifted between the
AC power and the energy storage device as controlled by the
internal control facility and as a result of information received
from the external control source. The sensor device may sense IR,
temperature, light, motion, acoustic, vibration, and the like. In
addition there may be an internal control facility utilizing a
control input from an input device, internal timer, internal clock,
internal program, and the like, to manage the power usage. The
management of power usage may be through selection of the power
source, through control of when a power source may be charging,
through the amount of load shared by the power sources. The
external control source may be generated by a utility company, a
networked software application, and the like.
[0435] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 47, a method may be
provided for power management in a lighting source, comprising
providing an LED lighting facility 4702, where the LED lighting
facility includes an LED lighting source 4704, an input device
4708, an internal control facility 4710, an energy storage device
4714, and a connection to AC power 4712. Power usage may be shared
between the AC power and the energy storage device as controlled by
the internal control facility and as a result of a program resident
with the internal control facility and an external control signal
received by the input device. The input device may receive a
program control input to alter the program. The sharing may provide
power to the LED lighting facility from both the AC power and the
energy storage device. The external control signal may be generated
by a utility company, a networked software application, and the
like. The external control signal may be communicated wirelessly
from a network, through the power lines, through a wired network
connection, and the like. In addition there may be the internal
control facility utilizing a control input from an input device,
internal timer, internal clock, internal program, and the like, to
manage the power usage. The management of power usage may be
through selection of the power source, through control of when a
power source may be charging, through the amount of load shared by
the power sources, and the like.
[0436] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 48, a method may be
provided for a method of power management in a lighting source,
comprising providing an LED lighting facility 4802, where the LED
lighting facility may include an LED lighting source 4804, a sensor
device 4808, an external control device 4810 for communicating
between the LED light facility and an external control source 4822,
an internal control facility 4812, a network interface 4814, an
energy storage device 4820, and a connection to AC power 4818.
Power usage may be shifted between the AC power and the energy
storage device as controlled by the internal control facility and
as a result of information received from the external control
source. The sensor device may sense IR, temperature, light, motion,
acoustic, vibration, and the like. In addition there may be an
internal control facility utilizing a control input from an input
device, internal timer, internal clock, internal program, and the
like, to manage the power usage. The management of power usage may
be through selection of the power source, through control of when a
power source may be charging, through the amount of load shared by
the power sources, and the like. The external control source may be
generated by a utility company, a networked software application,
and the like. The network interface may be a wireless network
interface, wired network interface, interface to the Internet,
local area network interface, and the like. The network may be
embodied by a network of appliances, where at least one appliance
in the network may be an LED lighting facility. The LED lighting
facility may receive control and programming over the network. The
LED lighting facility may receive data destined for another LED
lighting facility or the external control device and may transmit
data to route or forward that data through the network to the
destination LED lighting facility or external control device.
[0437] In embodiments, the present invention may provide for a
remote control wireless LED light bulb. As shown in FIG. 49, a
lighting system may be provided, comprising a wireless LED lighting
facility 4902 containing an LED lighting source 4904, a light
sensor input device 4908, an internal rechargeable energy storage
device 4912, and a control facility 4910 for manipulating the light
output of the LED lighting source, where the wireless LED lighting
facility may be powered by the internal rechargeable energy storage
device. A housing 4914 may be provided for the wireless LED
lighting facility that takes the form of a light bulb that mounts
into a standard lighting fixture. The light sensor input device may
provide a measurement of the amount of ambient light in an area.
The wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of a light
bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture, a fluorescent
tube that mounts into a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, a
fluorescent lamp that mounts into a standard lighting fixture or a
standard fluorescent lighting fixture, and the like. The LED
lighting facility may take the form of battery powered lighting
fixture. The wireless LED lighting facility may be provided AC
power to recharge the internal rechargeable energy storage device
through a wired AC connection of the standard lighting fixture. The
wireless LED lighting facility may be provided DC power to recharge
the internal rechargeable energy storage device through a wired DC
connection of the standard lighting fixture. The wireless LED
lighting facility may be removed from the standard lighting fixture
to become a portable wireless LED lighting facility. The input
device may be an energy input device that provides energy to
recharge the internal rechargeable energy storage device. The input
device may be a solar cell, wind turbine, and the like. The control
facility may utilize a control input from an input device, internal
timer, internal clock, internal program, and the like, to
manipulate the light output of the LED lighting source. The control
input may be the reading of the ambient light level from the light
sensor. The light output of the LED light source may be manipulated
to maintain a constant value of light intensity based on the
measurement of ambient light level plus light output level. The
control facility may select a power source from between AC power
and the rechargeable energy storage device. The control facility
may control when the rechargeable energy storage device is
charging. The control facility may control how power is shared
between the rechargeable energy storage device and AC power. The
manipulating may be switching on the light output, changing the
illumination level of the light output, flashing the light output,
changing the color content of the light output, and the like. In
addition there may be a remote control facility.
[0438] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 50, a lighting system may
be provided, comprising a wireless LED lighting facility 5002
containing an LED lighting source 5004, a sensor input 5008, a
control input device 5010, an internal energy storage device 5014,
and a programmable control facility 5012 for manipulating the light
output of the LED lighting source. A housing 5018 may be provided
for the wireless LED lighting facility that takes the form of a
light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture. The
wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of a light bulb
that mounts into a standard lighting fixture, a fluorescent tube
that mounts into a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, a
fluorescent lamp that mounts into a standard lighting fixture or a
standard fluorescent lighting fixture, and the like. The
programmable control facility may be programmed through the control
input device. The input device may be a remote control, a wireless
input device, a network input device, and the like. The
programmable control facility may utilize the sensor input in
programmable control. A programmability of the programmable control
facility may be through the user. The programmable control facility
may incorporate learned behavior as part of its operational
control. The control input device may be a remote control input
device. The sensor device may sense IR, temperature, light, motion,
acoustic, vibration, and the like.
[0439] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 51, a lighting system may
be provided, comprising a wireless LED lighting facility 5102
containing an LED lighting source 5104, an impedance sensing device
5108, an control input device 5110, an internal energy storage
device 5114, and a programmable control facility 5112 for
manipulating the light output of the LED lighting source. A housing
5118 may be provided for the wireless LED lighting facility that
takes the form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture. The wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of a
light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture, a
fluorescent tube that mounts into a standard fluorescent lighting
fixture, a fluorescent lamp that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture or a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, and the like.
The programmable control facility may be programmed through the
control input device. The input device may be a remote control, a
wireless input device, a network input device, and the like. The
programmable control facility may utilize the sensor input. A
programmability of the programmable control facility may be through
the user. The programmable control facility may incorporate learned
behavior as part of its operational control. The control input
device may be a remote control input device. The sensor device may
sense IR, temperature, light, motion, acoustic, vibration, and the
like.
[0440] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 52, a system may be
provided for power management of a lighting facility 5202,
comprising an LED lighting source 5204, a remote control input
device 5208 for communicating between the lighting facility and a
user, an input device 5210 for receiving information to aid in the
power management of the lighting facility, a programmable control
facility 5212 for manipulating the light output of the lighting
source to decrease the energy usage of the lighting facility, and a
source of power 5214 for the LED lighting facility, where the
lighting facility may include the LED lighting source, the remote
control input device, the control facility, and the source of
power. The programmable control facility may utilize a control
input from an input device, internal timer, internal clock,
internal program, learned behavior, and the like, to manipulate the
light output of the LED lighting source. The decrease in energy
usage may be due to an increase in energy efficiency. The decrease
in energy usage may be due to a change in an energy usage profile
of the LED lighting facility. The energy usage profile may be
energy usage of the LED lighting facility over time. The change in
an energy usage profile may be due to an input from the input
device. The input may be a sensor input, a control signal from a
user, a control signal from a network, a signal from a second LED
lighting facility, and the like. The LED lighting facility may take
the form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture. The LED lighting facility may take the form of a light
bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture, a fluorescent
tube that mounts into a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, a
fluorescent lamp that mounts into a standard lighting fixture or a
standard fluorescent lighting fixture, and the like. The LED
lighting facility may take the form of a lighting fixture. The
lighting fixture may have no electrical connection to AC power. The
lighting facility may take the form of battery powered lighting
fixture. The source of power may be AC power. The source of power
may be DC power. The source of power may be a rechargeable energy
storage device that may be internal to the LED lighting facility.
The rechargeable energy storage device may be a battery, fuel cell,
super capacitor, and the like. The source of power may be AC or DC
power, where the AC or DC power provides charge to a rechargeable
energy storage device integrated within the LED lighting facility.
The rechargeable energy storage device may be capable of supplying
the source of power for the LED lighting facility if AC power may
be interrupted. The input device may be a control input device,
including an RF receiver for remote control signal input, IR
receiver for remote control signal input, wireless communications
receiver, a wireless communications transceiver, a wireless network
interface device, a sensor (such as an IR, temperature, motion,
acoustic, vibration, sensor), a switch, an electrical power
condition sense device, and the like. The input device may be an
energy input device, including a solar cell, wind turbine, and the
like.
[0441] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 53, a lighting system may
be provided, comprising a wireless LED lighting facility 5302
containing an LED lighting source 5304, a energy harvesting input
device 5308, an internal rechargeable energy storage device 5314, a
control input device 5310 and a control facility 5312 for
manipulating the light output of the LED lighting source, where the
wireless LED lighting facility may be powered by the internal
rechargeable energy storage device which is recharged by the energy
harvesting input device. A housing 5318 may be provided for the
wireless LED lighting facility that takes the form of a light bulb
that mounts into a standard lighting fixture. The wireless LED
lighting facility may take the form of a light bulb that mounts
into a standard lighting fixture, a fluorescent tube that mounts
into a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, a fluorescent lamp
that mounts into a standard lighting fixture or a standard
fluorescent lighting fixture, and the like. The energy harvesting
input device may be a solar cell, a device that capture radio
frequency energy, a device that converts kinetic energy to
electrical energy, a device that converts thermal energy to
electrical energy, a device that converts wind to electrical
energy, and the like. The wireless LED lighting facility may be
provided power to recharge the internal rechargeable energy storage
device through the energy harvesting input device. The wireless LED
lighting facility may be removed from the standard lighting fixture
to become a portable wireless LED lighting facility. The input
device may be an energy input device that provides energy to
recharge the internal rechargeable energy storage device. The input
device may be a solar cell, wind turbine, and the like. The control
input device may be a remote control input device. The control
input device may be a sensor device that senses IR, temperature,
light, motion, acoustic, vibration, and the like. The control
facility may utilize a control input from an input device, internal
timer, internal clock, internal program, and the like, to
manipulate the light output of the LED lighting source. The control
facility may select a power source from between energy harvesting
power source and the rechargeable energy storage device. The
control facility may controls when the rechargeable energy storage
device is charging. The control facility may control how power may
be shared between the rechargeable energy storage device and energy
harvesting power source. The manipulating may be switching on the
light output, changing the illumination level of the light output,
flashing the light output, changing the color content of the light
output, and the like. The control input device may be a remote
control input device. The control input device may be a sensor
device that senses IR, temperature, light, motion, acoustic,
vibration, and the like.
[0442] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 54, a system may be
provided for power management of a lighting facility 5402,
comprising an LED lighting source 5404, a remote control input
device 5408 for communicating between the lighting facility and a
user, an input device 5410 for receiving information to aid in the
power management of the lighting facility, a programmable control
facility 5412 for manipulating the light output of the lighting
source to decrease the energy usage of the lighting facility, where
the program of the programmable control facility utilizes learned
behavior in executing control. A source of power 5414 may be
provided for the LED lighting facility, where the lighting facility
includes the LED lighting source, the remote control input device,
the input device, the programmable control facility, and the source
of power. The learned behavior may be behavior learned from inputs
to at least one of the remote control input device and the input
device. The learned behavior may be incorporated into a program
uploaded to the programmable control facility. The programmable
control facility utilizes a control input from an input device,
internal timer, internal clock, internal program, learned behavior,
and the like, to manipulate the light output of the LED lighting
source. The decrease in energy usage may be due to an increase in
energy efficiency. The decrease in energy usage may be due to a
change in an energy usage profile of the LED lighting facility. The
energy usage profile may be energy usage of the LED lighting
facility over time. The change in an energy usage profile may be
due to an input from the input device. The input may be a sensor
input, a control signal from a user, a control signal from a
network, a second LED lighting facility, and the like. The input
device may be a control input device, including an RF receiver for
remote control signal input, IR receiver for remote control signal
input, wireless communications receiver, a wireless communications
transceiver, a wireless network interface device, a sensor (e.g.
IR, temperature, motion, acoustic, vibration sensor), a switch, an
electrical power condition sense device, and the like.
[0443] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 55, a lighting system may
be provided, comprising a wireless LED lighting facility 5502
containing an LED lighting source 5504, a motion sensor 5508, an
internal rechargeable energy storage device, an AC power
connection, and a control facility, where the control facility 5510
may be programmable. A housing 5514 may be provided for the
wireless LED lighting facility that takes the form of a light bulb
that mounts into a standard lighting fixture, wherein the source of
power 5512 to the wireless lighting facility may be determined
through programming in the control facility. The light bulb may
take the form of a standard light bulb, where a standard light bulb
may be at least one of a standard size light bulb, such as a PAR30,
PAR38, A19, R30, MR16, and the like. The programmability may be
through switches integrated with the housing. The programmability
may be stored in a program internal to the LED lighting facility.
The programmability may enable the LED lighting facility to operate
as a smart night light that may have multiple light intensity
levels as determined by programming. The programmability may
control the source of power. The source of power may be a shared
power between the internal rechargeable energy storage device and
the AC power. The determining may be automatic.
[0444] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 56, a system may be
provided for power management of a lighting facility 5602,
comprising an LED lighting source 5604, a remote control input
device 5608 for communicating between the lighting facility and a
user, an input device 5610 for receiving information to aid in the
power management of the lighting facility, a programmable control
facility 5612 for manipulating the light output of the lighting
source to decrease the cost of using the lighting facility, where
the program of the programmable control facility utilizes learned
behavior in executing control. A source of power 5614 may be
provided for the LED lighting facility, where the lighting facility
may include the LED lighting source, the remote control input
device, the input device, the programmable control facility, and
the source of power. The learned behavior may be behavior learned
from inputs to at least one of the remote control input device and
the input device. The learned behavior may be incorporated into a
program uploaded to the programmable control facility.
[0445] In embodiments, the present invention may provide a wireless
networked LED light with sensor-based control. As shown in FIG. 57,
a system may be provided for coordinating the operation of a
plurality of wireless lighting sources, comprising a first of a
plurality of wireless LED lighting facilities 5702 containing an
LED lighting source 5704, a sensor-based input device 5708, an
external data communications interface 5710, a power source 5714,
and a control facility 5712 for manipulating the light output of
the LED lighting source, where the manipulating may be in part
determined by data received from a second of the plurality of
wireless LED lighting facilities 5720 through the external data
communications interface. A housing 5718 may be provided for each
of the plurality of wireless LED lighting facilities that takes the
form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture.
The wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of a light
bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture, a fluorescent
tube that mounts into a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, a
fluorescent lamp that mounts into a standard lighting fixture or a
standard fluorescent lighting fixture, and the like. The power
source may be AC power through the standard lighting fixture. The
wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of a lighting
fixture. The power source may be AC power hardwired to the lighting
fixture. The wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of
battery powered lighting fixture. The power source may be an
internal energy storage device. The energy storage device may be a
battery. The energy storage device may be a rechargeable energy
storage device. The rechargeable energy storage device may be
recharged by an AC power connection through the standard lighting
fixture.
[0446] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 58, a system may be
provided for coordinating the operation of a plurality of wireless
lighting sources, comprising a first of a plurality of wireless LED
lighting facilities 5802 containing an LED lighting source 5804, a
sensor-based input device 5808, an electric switch condition sense
device 5820, an external data communications interface 5810, a
power source 5814, and a control facility 5812 for manipulating the
light output of the LED lighting source, where the manipulating may
be in part determined by data received from a second of the
plurality of LED lighting facilities 5822 through the external data
communications interface. A housing 5818 may be provided for each
of the plurality of wireless LED lighting facility that may take
the form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture. The wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of a
light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting fixture, a
fluorescent tube that mounts into a standard fluorescent lighting
fixture, a fluorescent lamp that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture or a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, and the like.
The wireless LED lighting facility may take the form of a lighting
fixture. The power source may be AC power hardwired to the lighting
fixture. The electrical switch condition sense device may determine
the position of an electrical switch through electrical impedance
sensing of the electrical switch. The control facility may
manipulate the LED lighting source as a result of the electrical
impedance sensing.
[0447] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 59, a system may be
provided for coordinating the operation of a plurality of wireless
lighting sources, comprising a first of a plurality of networked
wireless LED lighting facilities 5902 each containing an LED
lighting source 5904, a sensor-based input device 5908, an external
data communications interface 5910, a power source 5914, and a
control facility 5912 for manipulating the light output of the LED
lighting source, where the manipulating may be determined by a
combination of environmental sensing input by the sensor-based
input device, information received from a second of the plurality
of networked wireless LED lighting facilities 5920, and data
received from an outside control source. A housing 5918 may be
provided for each of the plurality of wireless LED lighting
facility that may take the form of a light bulb that mounts into a
standard lighting fixture. The wireless LED lighting facility may
take the form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture, a fluorescent tube that mounts into a standard fluorescent
lighting fixture, a fluorescent lamp that mounts into a standard
lighting fixture or a standard fluorescent lighting fixture, and
the like. The power source may be AC power through the standard
lighting fixture. The wireless LED lighting facility may take the
form of a lighting fixture. The power source may be AC power
hardwired to the lighting fixture. The wireless LED lighting
facility may take the form of battery powered lighting fixture. The
outside control source may be a network. The network may be
embodied in a network of appliances, where at least one appliance
may be a lighting facility. The networked wireless LED lighting
facility may receive control and programming over the network. The
LED lighting facility may receive data destined for another
networked wireless LED lighting facility or other device connected
to the network and may transmit data to route or forward that data
through the network to the destination LED lighting facility or
other device. The networked wireless LED lighting facility may
contain the next hop routing information in memory such that it may
be able to propagate data through the network to the destination
for the data even if it is not directly connected to the
destination.
[0448] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 60, an LED illumination
system 6002 may be provided, comprising an LED light source 6004
mounted within a housing 6014, where the LED may be positioned to
provide illumination from the housing, a transceiver 6010
associated with the housing such that the transceiver can receive
and transmit wireless control signals from and to external sources
6018, a wireless power system 6012 for powering the LED
illumination system, and a processor 6008, coupled to the
transceiver, for interpreting received wireless control signals
from a controller external source and transmitting wireless control
signals for another LED illumination systems in accordance with the
received wireless control signals.
[0449] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 61, an LED illumination
system 6102 may be provided, comprising an LED light source 6104
mounted within a housing 6114, where the LEDs are positioned to
provide illumination from the housing; a receiver 6112 associated
with the housing such that the receiver can receive wireless
control signals from an external source 6122, where the control
signals control a function of the LED illumination system. A
wireless power system 6118 may be provided for powering the LED
illumination system. A sensor 6108 may be provided for monitoring
an environmental condition and controlling the function of the LED
illumination system, where the wireless power system includes a
circuit to periodically cycle 6120 the power of the receiver during
a sleep period to increase the lifespan of the wireless power
system. In addition there may be a processor for keeping a time of
day, wherein the processor uses the time of day to regulate the
power provided by the wireless power system. There may be a memory
location for storing a value reflective of an LED illumination
system auto shut-off period, wherein the value may be set by
measuring a duration that a set control signal may be received by
the receiver. There may be a memory location for storing a value
reflective of an LED illumination system auto shut-off period,
wherein the value may be set by measuring available power from the
wireless power system. There may be a processor, coupled to the
receiver, for interpreting the wireless control signals from the
external source for a channel indication, wherein if the channel
indication indicates that the wireless control signals are intended
for the LED illumination system, the processor will control the LED
illumination system in accordance with the wireless control
signals. There may be a processor, coupled to the transceiver, for
interpreting received wireless control signals from a controller
external source and transmitting wireless control signals for
another LED illumination systems in accordance with the received
wireless control signals.
[0450] In embodiments, the present invention may provide a
centralized power outage bridging to a networked lighting system.
As shown in FIG. 62, a system may be provided for power outage
management for a plurality of lighting sources, comprising at least
one of a plurality of lighting facilities 6202 containing an LED
lighting source 6204, a sensor input device 6208, a power outage
input device 6212, a power source 6214, and a control facility 6210
for manipulating the light output of the LED lighting source, where
the lighting facility provides light in response to a signal
received by the power outage input device indicating a power outage
and an environmental input from the sensor input device. The signal
may be transmitted from a centralized controller. The centralized
controller may be a power outage module monitoring power at some
point in power distribution to detect a disruption in power. The
power outage module may plug into an AC outlet and monitor power at
the outlet to determine if there is a disruption in AC power. The
power outage module may communicate wirelessly to one or more
lighting facilities. The one or more lighting facilities may
contain a wireless receiver to receive commands from the power
outage module. The centralized controller may be running a software
control program. The signal may be received from a web-based
source. The web-based source may be on a local network, on the
internet, and the like. The power source may be an energy storage
device integrated with each of the lighting facilities that may be
capable of supplying power to the lighting facility independent of
the AC power, and where the recharging may be provided internal to
the lighting facility at a time when the AC power may be available.
The lighting facility may be disconnected from the AC power and
used as a portable lighting device. The energy storage device may
be a rechargeable energy storage device. The rechargeable energy
storage device internal to the lighting facility may be a battery,
fuel cell, super capacitor, and the like. The lighting facility may
take the form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture, of a lighting fixture, of a retrofit light bulb, of a
retrofit lighting fixture, of battery powered lighting fixture, and
the like. The sensor may sense IR, temperature, light, motion,
acoustic, vibration, and the like. The manipulating may be
switching on the light output, changing the illumination level of
the light output, flashing the light output, changing the color
content of the light output, and the like.
[0451] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 63, a system may be
provided for power outage management for a plurality of lighting
sources, comprising at least one of a plurality of lighting
facilities 6302 containing an LED lighting source 6304, an electric
switch condition sense device 6308, a power outage input device
6312, a power source 6314, and a control facility 6310 for
manipulating the light output of the LED lighting source, where the
lighting facility provides light in response to a signal received
by the power outage input device indicating a power outage and an
input from the electric switch condition sense device. The
electrical switch condition sense device may determine the position
of an electrical switch through electrical impedance sensing of the
electrical switch. The control facility may manipulate the LED
lighting source as a result of the electrical impedance sensing.
There may be an electrical switch condition sensing capability in
the power outage module to determine the position of an electrical
switch through electrical impedance sensing of the circuit it is
connected to. The power outage module may manipulate the LED
lighting source as a result of the electrical impedance
sensing.
[0452] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 64, a system may be
provided for power outage management for a plurality of lighting
sources, comprising at least one of a plurality of lighting
facilities 6402 containing an LED lighting source 6404, a sensor
input device 6408, a connection to an external emergency lighting
system 6414, a power source 6412, and a control facility 6410 for
manipulating the light output of the LED lighting source, where the
lighting facility provides light in response to a signal received
by the power external emergency lighting system indicating a power
outage and an environmental input from the sensor input device. The
signal may be transmitted from a centralized controller. The
centralized controller may be an emergency lighting system module
monitoring a command from the emergency lighting system to
switchover to emergency power. The emergency lighting system module
may communicate wirelessly to one or more lighting facilities. The
one or more lighting facilities may contain a wireless receiver to
receive commands from the emergency lighting system module.
[0453] In embodiments, the present invention may provide a
sensor-based wirelessly controlled LED light bulb. As shown in FIG.
65, an LED illumination system 6502 may be provided, comprising an
LED light source 6504 mounted within a housing 6512, where the LEDs
are positioned to provide illumination from the housing, a receiver
6510 associated with the housing such that the receiver can receive
wireless control signals from an external source 6514, where the
control signals control a function of the LED illumination system.
A sensor 6508 may be provided for monitoring an environmental
condition and controlling the function of the LED illumination
system. In addition there may be a processor, coupled to the
receiver, for interpreting the wireless control signals from the
external source for a channel indication, where if the channel
indication indicates that the wireless control signals are intended
for the LED illumination system, the processor will control the LED
illumination system in accordance with the wireless control
signals. There may be a remote sensor transmitter that may transmit
sensor information to the illumination system. The remote sensor
may sense IR, temperature, light, motion, acoustic, vibration, and
the like. The sensor may be a motion sensor that transmits to the
illumination system when motion may be detected. The sensor may be
a light sensor that transmits the detected light level to the
illumination system. The light output of the LED light source may
be manipulated to maintain a constant value of light intensity
based on the measurement of ambient light level plus light output
level. The light sensor may be used to provide a regular update of
ambient light level to manipulate the light output. The light
sensor may be used to calibrate the light output of the LED light
source where the remote light sensor does not have to be present to
maintain the calibrated light output level. The LED illumination
system may receive power via a standard light fixture. The control
facility may control the amount of power drawn from the standard
light fixture.
[0454] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 66, a lighting system may
be provided, comprising a wireless LED lighting facility 6602
containing an LED lighting source 6604, a light sensor input device
6608, and a control facility 6610 for manipulating the light output
of the LED lighting source, where the wireless LED lighting
facility receives power via a standard light fixture. A housing
6612 may be provided for the wireless LED lighting facility that
takes the form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture 6614. The light sensor input device may provide a
measurement of the amount of ambient light in an area. The light
bulb may take the form of a standard light bulb, where a standard
light bulb may be at least one of a standard size light bulb, such
as a PAR30, PAR38, A19, R30, MR16, and the like. The light bulb may
take the form of a non standard light bulb, where a non standard
light bulb may be any size or shape of bulb for custom application.
The light bulb may take the form of a fluorescent tube, a
fluorescent lamp, and the like. The control facility may utilize a
control input from an input device, internal timer, internal clock,
internal program, and the like, to manipulate the light output of
the LED lighting source. The control input may be the reading of
the ambient light level from the light sensor. The light output of
the LED light source may be manipulated to maintain a constant
value of light intensity based on the measurement of ambient light
level plus light output level. The control facility may control the
amount of power drawn from the standard light fixture. The
manipulating may be switching on the light output, changing the
illumination level of the light output, flashing the light output,
changing the color content of the light output, and the like.
[0455] In embodiments, as shown in FIG. 67, a lighting system may
be provided, comprising a wireless LED lighting facility 6702
containing an LED lighting source 6704, and a control facility
6708, where the control facility may be programmable. A housing
6712 may be provided for the wireless LED lighting facility that
takes the form of a light bulb that mounts into a standard lighting
fixture 6714. In addition, there may be an input device. The input
device may be a sensor device. The sensor device may sense IR,
temperature, light, motion, acoustic, vibration, and the like. The
input device may be a switch, pushbutton, dial, a knob on the
housing, and the like. The programmability may be through switches
integrated with the housing. The programmability may be stored in a
program internal to the LED lighting facility. The light bulb may
take the form of a standard light bulb, where a standard light bulb
may be at least one of a standard size light bulb, such as a PAR30,
PAR38, A19, R30, MR16, and the like. The light bulb may take the
form of a non standard light bulb, where a non standard light bulb
may be any size or shape of bulb for custom application. The light
bulb may take the form of a fluorescent tube, a fluorescent lamp,
and the like. The lighting system may receive power via a standard
light fixture. The control facility may have an internal timer,
time of day clock, and the like. The schedule of manipulating the
light output may be stored in the internal program. The control
facility may take input from a light sensor input device sensing
the level of ambient light. The light output of the LED light
source may be manipulated to maintain a constant value of light
intensity based on the measurement of ambient light level plus
light output level. The manipulating of the light output may be
configured by switches on the housing. The control facility may
control the amount of power drawn from the standard light fixture.
The control facility may manipulate the light output of the LED
lighting source where the manipulating may be switching on the
light output, changing the illumination level of the light output,
flashing the light output, changing the color content of the light
output, and the like.
[0456] The methods and systems described herein may be deployed in
part or in whole through a machine that executes computer software,
program codes, and/or instructions on a processor. The present
invention may be implemented as a method on the machine, as a
system or apparatus as part of or in relation to the machine, or as
a computer program product embodied in a computer readable medium
executing on one or more of the machines. The processor may be part
of a server, client, network infrastructure, mobile computing
platform, stationary computing platform, or other computing
platform. A processor may be any kind of computational or
processing device capable of executing program instructions, codes,
binary instructions and the like. The processor may be or include a
signal processor, digital processor, embedded processor,
microprocessor or any variant such as a co-processor (math
co-processor, graphic co-processor, communication co-processor and
the like) and the like that may directly or indirectly facilitate
execution of program code or program instructions stored thereon.
In addition, the processor may enable execution of multiple
programs, threads, and codes. The threads may be executed
simultaneously to enhance the performance of the processor and to
facilitate simultaneous operations of the application. By way of
implementation, methods, program codes, program instructions and
the like described herein may be implemented in one or more thread.
The thread may spawn other threads that may have assigned
priorities associated with them; the processor may execute these
threads based on priority or any other order based on instructions
provided in the program code. The processor may include memory that
stores methods, codes, instructions and programs as described
herein and elsewhere. The processor may access a storage medium
through an interface that may store methods, codes, and
instructions as described herein and elsewhere. The storage medium
associated with the processor for storing methods, programs, codes,
program instructions or other type of instructions capable of being
executed by the computing or processing device may include but may
not be limited to one or more of a CD-ROM, DVD, memory, hard disk,
flash drive, RAM, ROM, cache and the like.
[0457] A processor may include one or more cores that may enhance
speed and performance of a multiprocessor. In embodiments, the
process may be a dual core processor, quad core processors, other
chip-level multiprocessor and the like that combine two or more
independent cores (called a die).
[0458] The methods and systems described herein may be deployed in
part or in whole through a machine that executes computer software
on a server, client, firewall, gateway, hub, router, or other such
computer and/or networking hardware. The software program may be
associated with a server that may include a file server, print
server, domain server, internet server, intranet server and other
variants such as secondary server, host server, distributed server
and the like. The server may include one or more of memories,
processors, computer readable media, storage media, ports (physical
and virtual), communication devices, and interfaces capable of
accessing other servers, clients, machines, and devices through a
wired or a wireless medium, and the like. The methods, programs or
codes as described herein and elsewhere may be executed by the
server. In addition, other devices required for execution of
methods as described in this application may be considered as a
part of the infrastructure associated with the server.
[0459] The server may provide an interface to other devices
including, without limitation, clients, other servers, printers,
database servers, print servers, file servers, communication
servers, distributed servers and the like. Additionally, this
coupling and/or connection may facilitate remote execution of
program across the network. The networking of some or all of these
devices may facilitate parallel processing of a program or method
at one or more location without deviating from the scope of the
invention. In addition, any of the devices attached to the server
through an interface may include at least one storage medium
capable of storing methods, programs, code and/or instructions. A
central repository may provide program instructions to be executed
on different devices. In this implementation, the remote repository
may act as a storage medium for program code, instructions, and
programs.
[0460] The software program may be associated with a client that
may include a file client, print client, domain client, internet
client, intranet client and other variants such as secondary
client, host client, distributed client and the like. The client
may include one or more of memories, processors, computer readable
media, storage media, ports (physical and virtual), communication
devices, and interfaces capable of accessing other clients,
servers, machines, and devices through a wired or a wireless
medium, and the like. The methods, programs or codes as described
herein and elsewhere may be executed by the client. In addition,
other devices required for execution of methods as described in
this application may be considered as a part of the infrastructure
associated with the client.
[0461] The client may provide an interface to other devices
including, without limitation, servers, other clients, printers,
database servers, print servers, file servers, communication
servers, distributed servers and the like. Additionally, this
coupling and/or connection may facilitate remote execution of
program across the network. The networking of some or all of these
devices may facilitate parallel processing of a program or method
at one or more location without deviating from the scope of the
invention. In addition, any of the devices attached to the client
through an interface may include at least one storage medium
capable of storing methods, programs, applications, code and/or
instructions. A central repository may provide program instructions
to be executed on different devices. In this implementation, the
remote repository may act as a storage medium for program code,
instructions, and programs.
[0462] The methods and systems described herein may be deployed in
part or in whole through network infrastructures. The network
infrastructure may include elements such as computing devices,
servers, routers, hubs, firewalls, clients, personal computers,
communication devices, routing devices and other active and passive
devices, modules and/or components as known in the art. The
computing and/or non-computing device(s) associated with the
network infrastructure may include, apart from other components, a
storage medium such as flash memory, buffer, stack, RAM, ROM and
the like. The processes, methods, program codes, instructions
described herein and elsewhere may be executed by one or more of
the network infrastructural elements.
[0463] The methods, program codes, and instructions described
herein and elsewhere may be implemented on a cellular network
having multiple cells. The cellular network may either be frequency
division multiple access (FDMA) network or code division multiple
access (CDMA) network. The cellular network may include mobile
devices, cell sites, base stations, repeaters, antennas, towers,
and the like. The cell network may be a GSM, GPRS, 3G, EVDO, mesh,
or other networks types.
[0464] The methods, programs codes, and instructions described
herein and elsewhere may be implemented on or through mobile
devices. The mobile devices may include navigation devices, cell
phones, mobile phones, mobile personal digital assistants, laptops,
palmtops, netbooks, pagers, electronic books readers, music players
and the like. These devices may include, apart from other
components, a storage medium such as a flash memory, buffer, RAM,
ROM and one or more computing devices. The computing devices
associated with mobile devices may be enabled to execute program
codes, methods, and instructions stored thereon. Alternatively, the
mobile devices may be configured to execute instructions in
collaboration with other devices. The mobile devices may
communicate with base stations interfaced with servers and
configured to execute program codes. The mobile devices may
communicate on a peer to peer network, mesh network, or other
communications network. The program code may be stored on the
storage medium associated with the server and executed by a
computing device embedded within the server. The base station may
include a computing device and a storage medium. The storage device
may store program codes and instructions executed by the computing
devices associated with the base station.
[0465] The computer software, program codes, and/or instructions
may be stored and/or accessed on machine readable media that may
include: computer components, devices, and recording media that
retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time;
semiconductor storage known as random access memory (RAM); mass
storage typically for more permanent storage, such as optical
discs, forms of magnetic storage like hard disks, tapes, drums,
cards and other types; processor registers, cache memory, volatile
memory, non-volatile memory; optical storage such as CD, DVD;
removable media such as flash memory (e.g. USB sticks or keys),
floppy disks, magnetic tape, paper tape, punch cards, standalone
RAM disks, ZIP drives, removable mass storage, off-line, and the
like; other computer memory such as dynamic memory, static memory,
read/write storage, mutable storage, read only, random access,
sequential access, location addressable, file addressable, content
addressable, network attached storage, storage area network, bar
codes, magnetic ink, and the like.
[0466] The methods and systems described herein may transform
physical and/or or intangible items from one state to another. The
methods and systems described herein may also transform data
representing physical and/or intangible items from one state to
another.
[0467] The elements described and depicted herein, including in
flow charts and block diagrams throughout the figures, imply
logical boundaries between the elements. However, according to
software or hardware engineering practices, the depicted elements
and the functions thereof may be implemented on machines through
computer executable media having a processor capable of executing
program instructions stored thereon as a monolithic software
structure, as standalone software modules, or as modules that
employ external routines, code, services, and so forth, or any
combination of these, and all such implementations may be within
the scope of the present disclosure. Examples of such machines may
include, but may not be limited to, personal digital assistants,
laptops, personal computers, mobile phones, other handheld
computing devices, medical equipment, wired or wireless
communication devices, transducers, chips, calculators, satellites,
tablet PCs, electronic books, gadgets, electronic devices, devices
having artificial intelligence, computing devices, networking
equipments, servers, routers and the like. Furthermore, the
elements depicted in the flow chart and block diagrams or any other
logical component may be implemented on a machine capable of
executing program instructions. Thus, while the foregoing drawings
and descriptions set forth functional aspects of the disclosed
systems, no particular arrangement of software for implementing
these functional aspects should be inferred from these descriptions
unless explicitly stated or otherwise clear from the context.
Similarly, it will be appreciated that the various steps identified
and described above may be varied, and that the order of steps may
be adapted to particular applications of the techniques disclosed
herein. All such variations and modifications are intended to fall
within the scope of this disclosure. As such, the depiction and/or
description of an order for various steps should not be understood
to require a particular order of execution for those steps, unless
required by a particular application, or explicitly stated or
otherwise clear from the context.
[0468] The methods and/or processes described above, and steps
thereof, may be realized in hardware, software or any combination
of hardware and software suitable for a particular application. The
hardware may include a general purpose computer and/or dedicated
computing device or specific computing device or particular aspect
or component of a specific computing device. The processes may be
realized in one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, embedded
microcontrollers, programmable digital signal processors or other
programmable device, along with internal and/or external memory.
The processes may also, or instead, be embodied in an application
specific integrated circuit, a programmable gate array,
programmable array logic, or any other device or combination of
devices that may be configured to process electronic signals. It
will further be appreciated that one or more of the processes may
be realized as a computer executable code capable of being executed
on a machine readable medium.
[0469] The computer executable code may be created using a
structured programming language such as C, an object oriented
programming language such as C++, or any other high-level or
low-level programming language (including assembly languages,
hardware description languages, and database programming languages
and technologies) that may be stored, compiled or interpreted to
run on one of the above devices, as well as heterogeneous
combinations of processors, processor architectures, or
combinations of different hardware and software, or any other
machine capable of executing program instructions.
[0470] Thus, in one aspect, each method described above and
combinations thereof may be embodied in computer executable code
that, when executing on one or more computing devices, performs the
steps thereof. In another aspect, the methods may be embodied in
systems that perform the steps thereof, and may be distributed
across devices in a number of ways, or all of the functionality may
be integrated into a dedicated, standalone device or other
hardware. In another aspect, the means for performing the steps
associated with the processes described above may include any of
the hardware and/or software described above. All such permutations
and combinations are intended to fall within the scope of the
present disclosure.
[0471] While the invention has been disclosed in connection with
the preferred embodiments shown and described in detail, various
modifications and improvements thereon will become readily apparent
to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the spirit and scope of
the present invention is not to be limited by the foregoing
examples, but is to be understood in the broadest sense allowable
by law.
[0472] All documents referenced herein are hereby incorporated by
reference.
* * * * *