U.S. patent application number 13/378425 was filed with the patent office on 2012-04-12 for infant formula device.
This patent application is currently assigned to Linckia Express LLC. Invention is credited to Nathan Ayer, Karen Benedek, Philip C. Carbone, Warren Ellis, Scott Hardy, Nicholas Lazaris, Charles Marble, Kyle Mckenney.
Application Number | 20120088022 13/378425 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43357040 |
Filed Date | 2012-04-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120088022 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Carbone; Philip C. ; et
al. |
April 12, 2012 |
INFANT FORMULA DEVICE
Abstract
An apparatus is provided for accurately dispensing a powder such
as powdered infant formula into a container, and pasteurizing and
reconstituting the powdered formula while completely mixing the
formula in the container. The apparatus includes a hopper assembly
for storing powder, a dosing assembly for measuring and dispensing
powder from a receptacle into the container, a dilution assembly
and a mixing assembly for obtaining accurately and completely mixed
formula from the dispensed powder. The hopper is shaped to promote
powder bridging, and the resulting powder bridge is used in
combination with the dosing assembly to provide a predetermined
amount of powder using a single mechanical valve that is isolated
from the powder. The mixing assembly mixes the contents of the
container while holding the bottle at a fixed angle relative to the
vertical. A method of providing pasteurized infant formula from an
infant formula powder is also disclosed.
Inventors: |
Carbone; Philip C.; (North
Reading, MA) ; Mckenney; Kyle; (Somerville, MA)
; Marble; Charles; (Brockton, MA) ; Benedek;
Karen; (Winchester, MA) ; Ayer; Nathan;
(Weybridge, VT) ; Hardy; Scott; (Charlotte,
VT) ; Ellis; Warren; (Worcester, MA) ;
Lazaris; Nicholas; (Waban, MA) |
Assignee: |
Linckia Express LLC
Burlington
VT
|
Family ID: |
43357040 |
Appl. No.: |
13/378425 |
Filed: |
June 17, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
June 17, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US10/38929 |
371 Date: |
December 15, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61187949 |
Jun 17, 2009 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
426/506 ; 222/1;
99/275 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A23V 2002/00 20130101;
A47J 31/40 20130101; A47J 31/404 20130101; A23L 2/39 20130101; A23L
33/40 20160801 |
Class at
Publication: |
426/506 ; 99/275;
222/1 |
International
Class: |
A47J 31/40 20060101
A47J031/40; A23C 9/16 20060101 A23C009/16; B01F 3/12 20060101
B01F003/12; B01F 15/02 20060101 B01F015/02; B67D 3/00 20060101
B67D003/00; A23L 2/39 20060101 A23L002/39 |
Claims
1. An apparatus for preparing within a container a reconstituted
beverage from a powder, the apparatus including: a receptacle
configured to contain the powder; a measuring device configured to
receive the powder from the receptacle and dispense the powder into
the container, a liquid supply configured to dispense liquid into
the container; and a mixing device configured to mix the contents
of the container while supporting the container such that a closed
base end of the container is disposed at an angle relative to the
horizontal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mixing device is
configured to mix the contents of the container by rotation of the
container about an axis perpendicular to the base end.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mixing device is
configured to mix the contents of the container by alternating the
rotation of the container between opposed rotation directions.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mixing device is
configured to mix the contents of the container by including a
period of container non-rotation between periods of container
rotation.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the angle of an axis
perpendicular to the base end relative to the horizontal is
selected from angles in the range of 45 degrees to 80 degrees.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mixing device comprises a
holder configured to secure the container, and a motor configured
to rotate the holder.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further
comprises a vibrator configured to vibrate the receptacle for
dispensing the powder from the receptacle into the measuring
device.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further
comprises a vibrator configured to vibrate the measuring device for
dispensing the powder from the dispensing device into the
container.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the measuring device includes
a tube having a first end connected to an outlet of the receptacle,
and an open second end opposed to the first end, and the apparatus
further comprises a valve disposed between the first and second
ends of the tube, the valve configured to control powder flow from
the second end.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the tube is flexible.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the tube is elastic.
12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the cross-sectional dimension
of the tube is determined based on the properties of the powder to
be dispensed.
13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the axial position of the
valve relative to a longitudinal axis of the tube is adjustable,
and is determined based on the amount of the powder to be
dispensed.
14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the valve is configured to
selectively prevent the powder from passing through the second end
of the tube.
15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the valve is configured to
control passage of powder through the tube without direct contact
with the powder.
16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the valve is a pinch
valve.
17. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the valve is configured to
move a sidewall of the tube between a first tube sidewall position
in which the powder can pass through the tube and a second tube
sidewall position in which the powder is prevented from passing
through the tube.
18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receptacle includes an
open receptacle first end having a first dimension, an open
receptacle second end opposed to the receptacle first end and
having a second dimension, and a receptacle sidewall connecting the
receptacle first and receptacle second end, a portion of the
receptacle sidewall being angled so as to converge from the
receptacle first end to the receptacle second end, the portion
having an angle configured to cause powder bridging at or above the
receptacle second end.
19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receptacle includes an
open receptacle first end having a first dimension, an open
receptacle second end opposed to the receptacle first end and
having a second dimension, and a receptacle sidewall connecting the
receptacle first and receptacle second end, a portion of the
receptacle sidewall being angled so as to converge from the
receptacle first end to the receptacle second end, the portion
having an angle configured to cause powder bridging at or above the
receptacle second end, the measuring device includes a tube having
a tube first end connected to the receptacle second end, and an
open tube second end opposed to the tube first end, and the
apparatus further comprises a valve disposed between the tube first
and second ends, the valve configured to control powder flow from
the tube second end, wherein the predetermined amount of powder
corresponds to the sum of a volume of the measuring device above
the valve and the volume of powder disposed below the bridge formed
by the powder bridging.
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the receptacle sidewall
converges at an angle in the range of 35 to 65 degrees relative to
a longitudinal axis of the receptacle.
21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the receptacle sidewall
converges at an angle of approximately 50 degrees relative to a
longitudinal axis of the receptacle.
22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the receptacle is removable
from the apparatus.
23. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receptacle is
refillable.
24. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receptacle is a
pre-filled and sealed disposable cartridge.
25. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the liquid supply includes a
first supply tube and a second supply tube, the first and second
supply tubes arranged so that the first supply tube directs fluid
into the container in different direction than the second supply
tube.
26. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the liquid supply includes a
first supply tube and a second supply tube, the supply tubes are
configured so that the first supply tube delivers liquid at a
different temperature than that of the second supply tube.
27. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the liquid supply is
configured so that the first supply tube delivers liquid at a
temperature sufficient to pasteurize the reconstituted
beverage.
28. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a chute disposed
between the measuring device and the container, the chute
configured to direct the powder from the measuring device into the
container such that the direction of powder flow is changed between
the measuring device and the container.
29. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sensor
configured to detect powder flow from the measuring device.
30. An apparatus for preparing within a container a reconstituted
beverage from a powder, the apparatus including: a receptacle
configured to contain the powder, the receptacle including an open
first end having a first dimension, an open second end opposed to
the first end and having a second dimension, and a sidewall
connecting the first and second ends, a portion of the sidewall
being angled so as to converge from the first end to the second
end, the portion having an angle configured to cause powder
bridging at or above the second end; and a measuring device
configured to receive powder from the second end of the receptacle
and dispense a predetermined amount into the container, the
predetermined amount of powder corresponding to the sum of a volume
of the measuring device and the volume of powder disposed below the
bridge formed by the powder bridging.
31. The apparatus of claim 30, further including a liquid supply
configured to dispense liquid into the container.
32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the liquid supply includes a
first supply tube and a second supply tube, the first and second
supply tubes arranged so that the first supply tube directs fluid
into the container in different direction than the second supply
tube.
33. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the liquid supply includes a
first supply tube and a second supply tube, the supply tubes are
configured so that the first supply tube delivers liquid at a
different temperature than that of the second supply tube.
34. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the liquid supply is
configured so that the first supply tube delivers liquid at a
temperature sufficient to pasteurize the reconstituted
beverage.
35. The apparatus of claim 30, further including a mixing device
configured to mix the contents of the container.
36. The apparatus of claim 30, further including a mixing device
configured to mix the contents of the container while supporting
the container such that a closed base end of the container is
disposed at an angle relative to the horizontal.
37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the mixing device is
configured to mix the contents of the container by rotation of the
container about an axis perpendicular to a closed base end of the
container.
38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the mixing device is
configured to mix the contents of the container by alternating the
rotation of the container between opposed rotation directions.
39. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the mixing device is
configured to mix the contents of the container by including a
period of container non-rotation between periods of container
rotation.
40. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the angle of an axis
perpendicular to the base end relative to the horizontal is
selected from angles in the range of 45 degrees to 80 degrees.
41. The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising a mixing device
configured to mix the contents of the container, the mixing device
including a holder configured to secure the container, and a motor
configured to rotate the holder.
42. The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising a vibrator
configured to vibrate the receptacle for dispensing the powder from
the receptacle into the measuring device.
43. The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising a vibrator
configured to vibrate the measuring device for dispensing the
powder from the dispensing device into the container.
44. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the measuring device
includes a tube having a first end connected to an outlet of the
receptacle, and an open second end opposed to the first end, and
the apparatus further comprises a valve disposed between the first
and second ends of the tube, the valve configured to control powder
flow from the second end.
45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the tube is flexible.
46. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the tube is elastic.
47. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the cross-sectional
dimension of the tube is determined based on the properties of the
powder to be dispensed.
48. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the axial position of the
valve relative to a longitudinal axis of the tube is adjustable,
and is determined based on the amount of the powder to be
dispensed.
49. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the valve is configured to
selectively prevent the powder from passing through the second end
of the tube.
50. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the valve is configured to
control passage of powder through the tube without direct contact
with the powder.
51. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the valve is a pinch
valve.
52. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the valve is configured to
move a sidewall of the tube between a first tube sidewall position
in which the powder can pass through the tube and a second tube
sidewall position in which the powder is prevented from passing
through the tube.
53. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the receptacle sidewall
converges at an angle in the range of 35 to 65 degrees relative to
a longitudinal axis of the receptacle.
54. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the receptacle sidewall
converges at an angle of approximately 50 degrees relative to a
longitudinal axis of the receptacle.
55. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the receptacle is removable
from the apparatus.
56. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the receptacle is
refillable.
57. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the receptacle is a
pre-filled and sealed disposable cartridge.
58. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus further
comprises a chute disposed between the measuring device and the
container, the chute configured to direct the powder from the
measuring device into the container such that the direction of
powder flow is changed between the measuring device and the
container.
59. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus further
comprises a sensor configured to detect powder flow from the
measuring device.
60. A method of preparing a reconstituted beverage within a
container from a powder, the method comprising placing a container
in a mixing device; rotating the container using the mixing device;
while the container rotates, dispensing a predetermined amount of
the powder from a measuring device into the container, and
delivering at least a portion of a total required dilution amount
of liquid to the container, continuing to rotate the container for
a predetermined time period after the dispensing and delivering
steps.
61. The method of claim 60 wherein delivering at least a portion of
a total required dilution amount of liquid to the container
includes delivering the liquid so that it is directed toward a
sidewall of the container.
62. The method of claim 60 further including following the step of
continuing to rotate with a step of adding sufficient liquid to the
container, so that the sum of the liquid delivered in the
delivering step and in the step of adding sufficient liquid equals
the total required dilution amount.
63. The method of claim 60 wherein the step of rotating is
performed while a base end of the container is oriented at an angle
to the horizontal.
64. The method of claim 60 wherein at least a portion of the
dispensing and delivering steps occurs simultaneously.
65. The method of claim 60 wherein the step of continuing to rotate
the container includes reversing the direction of rotation for at
least a portion of the duration of the step.
66. The method of claim 60 wherein the steps of delivering and
continuing to rotate are repeated.
67. The method of claim 60 wherein the steps of delivering and
continuing to rotate are repeated, and at least one of the repeated
steps is performed using a liquid of a different temperature.
68. The method of claim 60 wherein the step of delivering is
performed using a liquid provided at a temperature sufficient to
pasteurize the reconstituted beverage.
69. The method of claim 60 wherein the liquid supply includes a
first supply tube and a second supply tube, the first and second
supply tubes arranged so that the first supply tube directs fluid
into the container in different direction than the second supply
tube, the steps of delivering and continuing to rotate are
repeated, at least one of the repeated steps is performed using a
liquid from the first supply tube, and at least of one the repeated
steps is performed using a liquid from the second supply tube.
70. A method of dispensing a powder into a container, the method
comprising providing a dispensing apparatus including: a receptacle
configured to contain the powder, the receptacle including an open
first end having a first dimension, an open second end opposed to
the first end and having a second dimension, and a sidewall
connecting the first and second ends, a portion of the sidewall
being angled so as to converge from the first end to the second
end, the portion having an angle configured to cause powder
bridging at or above the second end; and a measuring device
configured to receive powder from the second end of the receptacle
and dispense a predetermined amount into the container, the
predetermined amount of powder corresponding to the sum of a volume
of the measuring device and the volume of powder disposed below the
bridge formed by the powder bridging, and providing powder in the
receptacle; and dispensing the predetermined amount of powder into
the container.
71. The method of claim 70 wherein the measuring device includes a
tube having an open tube first end connected to the second end of
the receptacle, and an open second tube end opposed to the tube
first end, and the dispensing apparatus further comprises a valve
disposed between the first and second tube ends, the valve
configured to control powder flow from the second tube end, and the
step of dispensing includes opening the valve to permit the
predetermined amount of powder to move from the second tube end
into the container.
72. The method of claim 71 wherein the step of dispensing further
includes formation of the bridge within the receptacle.
73. The method of claim 71 wherein the measuring device further
comprises a tube vibrator configured to apply at least one pulse to
the tube, and the step of dispensing further includes the method
step of actuating the tube vibrator.
74. The method of claim 73 wherein the step of actuating the tube
vibrator is performed following the step of opening the valve.
75. The method of claim 71 wherein the dispensing apparatus further
comprises a receptacle vibrator configured to apply at least one
pulse to the receptacle, and the method further includes the method
step of actuating the receptacle vibrator.
76. The method of claim 75 wherein the step of actuating the
receptacle vibrator precedes the step of dispensing.
77. The method of claim 75 wherein the measuring device further
comprises a tube vibrator configured to apply at least one pulse to
the tube, and the step of dispensing further includes the method
step of actuating the tube vibrator.
78. The method of claim 77 wherein the step of actuating the
receptacle vibrator precedes the step of dispensing, and the step
of actuating the tube vibrator is performed following the step of
opening the valve.
79. A method of preparing a reconstituted beverage within a
container from a powder, the method comprising providing a
preparing device including the dispensing apparatus of claim 70; a
liquid supply configured to dispense liquid into the container; and
a mixing device configured to mix the contents of the container,
placing the container in the preparing device; dispensing the
predetermined amount of powder into the container; delivering at
least a portion of a total required dilution amount of liquid to
the container; and mixing using the mixing device.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional No.
61/187,949, filed on Jun. 17, 2009. The contents of the application
are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to an apparatus for dispensing,
reconstituting and mixing a beverage from a powder, and related
methods.
[0003] Although liquid infant formulas are available, powdered
infant formula (PIF) is widely used due to its portability, ease
and length of storage, and relative inexpense. However, preparation
of formula from PIF can be messy and inconvenient, and the PIF can
be contaminated during handling and preparation. To address these
issues, automated infant formula preparation devices have been
developed. Although using an automated infant formula preparation
device to prepare the infant formula can avoid contamination
associated with PIF handling, PIF as provided by the manufacturer
is not guaranteed to be free of microorganisms that can cause
illness or spoilage. In order to guarantee an infant formula from
PIF that is free from such microorganisms, the reconstituted PIF
should be heated to temperatures hotter than 160 degrees F. for at
least 15 seconds. Once heated, the resulting liquid must then be
cooled down to a safe drinking temperature.
[0004] In addition to providing microorganism free formula,
automated infant formula preparation devices must address other
issues. For example, PIF is difficult to pour and difficult to
meter because the infant formula granules are irregular and are
prone to bridging, packing, or sticking to itself or to the
container walls. Automating the PIF dispensing process is difficult
because the PIF does not pour consistently or repeatably, and
because each type of PIF flows and packs differently. Each type of
PIF requires a slightly different volume of powder to be dispensed
for a common volume of reconstituted formula. It is difficult to
reconstitute the PIF into a homogeneous liquid that is free of
bubbles and/or powder lumps. The very light powder has a tendency
to be carried in the air to other parts of the machine which can
cause difficulty in cleaning the device or maintaining reliable
mechanism operation. In addition, an automated infant formula
device must be low cost and be easily cleaned and maintained.
SUMMARY
[0005] In one aspect, an apparatus is provided for preparing within
a container a reconstituted beverage from a powder. The apparatus
includes a receptacle configured to contain the powder and a
measuring device configured to receive the powder from the
receptacle and dispense the powder into the container. The
apparatus further includes a liquid supply configured to dispense
liquid into the container, and a mixing device configured to mix
the contents of the container while supporting the container such
that a closed base end of the container is disposed at an angle
relative to the horizontal.
[0006] In another aspect, an apparatus is provided for preparing
within a container a reconstituted beverage from a powder. The
apparatus includes a receptacle configured to contain the powder,
the receptacle including an open first end having a first
dimension, an open second end opposed to the first end and having a
second dimension, and a sidewall connecting the first and second
ends, a portion of the sidewall being angled so as to converge from
the first end to the second end, the portion having an angle
configured to cause powder bridging at or above the second end. The
apparatus further includes a measuring device configured to receive
powder from the second end of the receptacle and dispense a
predetermined amount into the container, the predetermined amount
of powder corresponding to the sum of a volume of the measuring
device and the volume of powder disposed below the bridge formed by
the powder bridging. The apparatus may further include a liquid
supply configured to dispense liquid into the container.
[0007] In either aspect, the apparatus may include one or more of
the following features if not already included: The apparatus may
further include a mixing device configured to mix the contents of
the container. The mixing device is configured to mix the contents
of the container while supporting the container such that a closed
base end of the container is disposed at an angle relative to the
horizontal. The mixing device is configured to mix the contents of
the container by rotation of the container about an axis
perpendicular to the base end. The mixing device is configured to
mix the contents of the container by alternating the rotation of
the container between opposed rotation directions. The mixing
device is configured to mix the contents of the container by
including a period of container non-rotation between periods of
container rotation. The angle of an axis perpendicular to the base
end relative to the horizontal is selected from angles in the range
of 45 degrees to 80 degrees. The mixing device comprises a holder
configured to secure the container, and a motor configured to
rotate the holder. The apparatus further comprises a vibrator
configured to vibrate the receptacle for dispensing the powder from
the receptacle into the measuring device. The apparatus further
comprises a vibrator configured to vibrate the measuring device for
dispensing the powder from the dispensing device into the
container.
[0008] In either aspect, the apparatus may include one or more of
the following additional features if not already included: The
measuring device includes a tube having a first end connected to an
outlet of the receptacle, and an open second end opposed to the
first end, and the apparatus further comprises a valve disposed
between the first and second ends of the tube, the valve configured
to control powder flow from the second end. The tube is flexible.
The tube is elastic. The cross-sectional dimension of the tube is
determined based on the properties of the powder to be dispensed.
The axial position of the valve relative to a longitudinal axis of
the tube is adjustable, and is determined based on the amount of
the powder to be dispensed. The valve is configured to selectively
prevent the powder from passing through the second end of the tube.
The valve is configured to control passage of powder through the
tube without direct contact with the powder. The valve is a pinch
valve. The valve is configured to move a sidewall of the tube
between a first tube sidewall position in which the powder can pass
through the tube and a second tube sidewall position in which the
powder is prevented from passing through the tube.
[0009] In either aspect, the apparatus may include one or more of
the following additional features if not already included: The
receptacle includes an open receptacle first end having a first
dimension, an open receptacle second end opposed to the receptacle
first end and having a second dimension, and a receptacle sidewall
connecting the receptacle first and receptacle second end. A
portion of the receptacle sidewall is angled so as to converge from
the receptacle first end to the receptacle second end, the portion
having an angle configured to cause powder bridging at or above the
receptacle second end. The measuring device includes a tube having
a tube first end connected to the receptacle second end, and an
open tube second end opposed to the tube first end, and the
apparatus further comprises a valve disposed between the tube first
and second ends, the valve configured to control powder flow from
the tube second end. The predetermined amount of powder corresponds
to the sum of a volume of the measuring device above the valve and
the volume of powder disposed below the bridge formed by the powder
bridging. The receptacle sidewall converges at an angle in the
range of 35 to 65 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the
receptacle. The receptacle sidewall converges at an angle of
approximately 50 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the
receptacle. The receptacle is removable from the apparatus. The
receptacle is refillable. The receptacle is a pre-filled and sealed
disposable cartridge.
[0010] In either aspect, the apparatus may include one or more of
the following additional features if not already included: The
liquid supply includes a first supply tube and a second supply
tube, the first and second supply tubes arranged so that the first
supply tube directs fluid into the container in different direction
than the second supply tube. The liquid supply includes a first
supply tube and a second supply tube, the supply tubes are
configured so that the first supply tube delivers liquid at a
different temperature than that of the second supply tube. The
liquid supply is configured so that the first supply tube delivers
liquid at a temperature sufficient to pasteurize the reconstituted
beverage. A chute is disposed between the measuring device and the
container, the chute configured to direct the powder from the
measuring device into the container such that the direction of
powder flow is changed between the measuring device and the
container. A sensor is included that is configured to detect powder
flow from the measuring device.
[0011] In another aspect, a method of preparing a reconstituted
beverage within a container from a powder is provided. The method
includes the following method steps: Placing a container in a
mixing device. Rotating the container using the mixing device.
While the container rotates, dispensing a predetermined amount of
the powder from a measuring device into the container, and
delivering at least a portion of a total required dilution amount
of liquid to the container. Continuing to rotate the container for
a predetermined time period after the dispensing and delivering
steps.
[0012] The method may include one or more of the following
additional features: Delivering at least a portion of a total
required dilution amount of liquid to the container includes
delivering the liquid so that it is directed toward a sidewall of
the container. Following the step of continuing to rotate with a
step of adding sufficient liquid to the container, so that the sum
of the liquid delivered in the delivering step and in the step of
adding sufficient liquid equals the total required dilution amount.
The step of rotating is performed while a base end of the container
is oriented at an angle to the horizontal. At least a portion of
the dispensing and delivering steps occurs simultaneously. The step
of continuing to rotate the container includes reversing the
direction of rotation for at least a portion of the duration of the
step. The steps of delivering and continuing to rotate are
repeated. The steps of delivering and continuing to rotate are
repeated, and at least one of the repeated steps is performed using
a liquid of a different temperature. The step of delivering is
performed using a liquid provided at a temperature sufficient to
pasteurize the reconstituted beverage. The liquid supply includes a
first supply tube and a second supply tube, the first and second
supply tubes arranged so that the first supply tube directs fluid
into the container in different direction than the second supply
tube, the steps of delivering and continuing to rotate are
repeated, at least one of the repeated steps is performed using a
liquid from the first supply tube, and at least of one the repeated
steps is performed using a liquid from the second supply tube.
[0013] In still another aspect, a method of dispensing a powder
into a container is provided. The method includes the following
method step: Providing a dispensing apparatus including a
receptacle configured to contain the powder, the receptacle
including an open first end having a first dimension, an open
second end opposed to the first end and having a second dimension,
and a sidewall connecting the first and second ends, a portion of
the sidewall being angled so as to converge from the first end to
the second end, the portion having an angle configured to cause
powder bridging at or above the second end. The dispensing
apparatus also includes a measuring device configured to receive
powder from the second end of the receptacle and dispense a
predetermined amount into the container, the predetermined amount
of powder corresponding to the sum of a volume of the measuring
device and the volume of powder disposed below the bridge formed by
the powder bridging. The method also includes the following method
steps: Providing powder in the receptacle. Dispensing the
predetermined amount of powder into the container.
[0014] The method may include one or more of the following
additional features: The measuring device includes a tube having an
open tube first end connected to the second end of the receptacle,
and an open second tube end opposed to the tube first end, and the
dispensing apparatus further comprises a valve disposed between the
first and second tube ends. The valve is configured to control
powder flow from the second tube end, and the step of dispensing
includes opening the valve to permit the predetermined amount of
powder to move from the second tube end into the container. The
step of dispensing further includes formation of the bridge within
the receptacle. The measuring device further comprises a tube
vibrator configured to apply at least one pulse to the tube, and
the step of dispensing further includes the method step of
actuating the tube vibrator. The step of actuating the tube
vibrator is performed following the step of opening the valve. The
dispensing apparatus further comprises a receptacle vibrator
configured to apply at least one pulse to the receptacle, and the
method further includes the method step of actuating the receptacle
vibrator. The step of actuating the receptacle vibrator precedes
the step of dispensing. The measuring device further comprises a
tube vibrator configured to apply at least one pulse to the tube,
and the step of dispensing further includes the method step of
actuating the tube vibrator. The step of actuating the receptacle
vibrator precedes the step of dispensing, and the step of actuating
the tube vibrator is performed following the step of opening the
valve. A method of preparing a reconstituted beverage within a
container from a powder includes providing a preparing device
including the dispensing apparatus, a liquid supply configured to
dispense liquid into the container and a mixing device configured
to mix the contents of the container; placing the container in the
preparing device; dispensing the predetermined amount of powder
into the container; delivering at least a portion of a total
required dilution amount of liquid to the container; and mixing
using the mixing device.
[0015] The receptacle is shaped to promote powder bridging in a
manner that combined with the dosing assembly provides a
predetermined amount of powder using a single mechanical valve that
is isolated from the powder. Thus, although powder bridging is
often considered in the art to be disadvantageous, the device
disclosed herein takes advantage of this property, and uses it to
achieve accurate, repeatable dosing of powder and to do so using
relatively few mechanisms within the device.
[0016] The mixing assembly mixes the contents of the container
while holding the bottle at a fixed angle relative to the vertical
to achieve full and uniform mixing of the PIF, even for high
concentrations of PIF. The resulting formula is substantially free
from lumps or bubbles.
[0017] A method of providing pasteurized infant formula from an
infant formula powder is also disclosed. The method provides
pasteurization and subsequent cooling to quickly and easily provide
a formula at a desired temperature, for example, body
temperature.
[0018] Modes for carrying out the present invention are explained
below by reference to an embodiment of the present invention shown
in the attached drawings. The above-mentioned object, other
objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention
will become apparent from the detailed description of the
embodiment of the invention presented below in conjunction with the
attached drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an automated infant
formula device.
[0020] FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the interior of the
device of FIG. 1.
[0021] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the dosing assembly of the
device of FIG. 1.
[0022] FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the mixing assembly of the
device of FIG. 1.
[0023] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of dilution assembly and
control system of the device of FIG. 1.
[0024] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an alternative dilution
assembly and the control system.
[0025] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the method of preparing infant
formula using the device of FIG. 1.
[0026] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an alternative powder
receptacle for use in the device of FIG. 1.
[0027] FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of another
alternative powder receptacle for use in the device of FIG. 1.
[0028] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the receptacle of FIG. 9 in
an assembled configuration.
[0029] FIG. 11 is an alternative embodiment of the automated infant
formula device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, the automated infant formula
device 1 includes a hopper assembly 18, a dosing assembly 70, a
dilution assembly 200, and a mixing assembly 150 enclosed within a
housing 2. These assemblies 18, 70, 200, 150 are used to
automatically prepare a reconstituted and pasteurized infant
formula from a powder, and are described in detail below. The
device 1 receives a serving container 500, such as a baby bottle,
and is designed to dispense PIF and the dilution fluid (e.g. water)
into the container 500, and then reconstitute and mix the PIF
within the container 500.
[0031] The housing 2 includes sidewalls 4 and a closed top 6 and
bottom 9 which provide a protective enclosure for the hopper,
dosing, dilution and mixing assemblies 18, 70, 200, 150
therewithin. The top 6 of the housing 2 includes an opening 16
which is selectively opened and closed using hinged lid portions 8,
10. The lid portions 8, 10 can be lifted to provide access to the
interior of the housing 2, for example to permit loading of the PIF
storage receptacle 20 and water storage tank 202, which are
described in detail below. A front-facing sidewall 4 supports a
control panel and display 14 which permits a user to control device
functions, including serving size and temperature and to view
device status. The front-facing sidewall 4 also includes recess 12
into which the container 500 is inserted during device use.
[0032] In the illustrated embodiment, the container 500 is in the
form of a conventional baby bottle, and includes a cylindrical body
having an open top 502, a sidewall 508, and closed bottom 510. The
sidewall 508 may include a reduced diameter neck portion 504
defining the size of the opening at the top 502 of the container,
and the outer periphery of the neck portion 504 may include threads
(not shown) to permit connection with a lid (not shown) or nipple
assembly (not shown). The container 500 includes a container axis
512 perpendicular to the bottom 510 which corresponds to a
longitudinal axis of the container 500.
[0033] Referring to FIG. 2, the hopper assembly 18 includes a
receptacle 20 for receiving and storing PIF, and a receptacle
vibrator 50 which vibrates the receptacle 20 to ensure that PIF
drops from the receptacle 20 into the dosing assembly 70 as
required. The receptacle 20 is a large, generally pyramid-shaped
container having an open first end, or top, 22, and an open second
end, or bottom, 24 disposed at a location opposed to and generally
underlying the top 22. The receptacle 20 is supported on the inner
surfaces of the housing 2 adjacent the upper end of the housing 2
so that the top 22 underlies the lids 8, 10. In some embodiments,
the receptacle 20 can be locked in place using appropriately shaped
brackets (not shown) formed on the interior surface of the housing
2. The receptacle 20 can easily be removed from the housing 2
through the opening 16 to permit cleaning. The top 22 of the
receptacle 20 is covered by a lid 36 to prevent contaminants from
falling into the receptacle 20, for example when the housing lids
8, 10 are opened to refill fluid storage reservoirs of the dilution
assembly 200.
[0034] The top 22 of the receptacle 20 is rectangular in cross
section, and is sufficiently large in dimension to facilitate
refilling with PIF. The bottom 24 is circular in cross section, and
is small in diameter relative to the size of the top 22. The
receptacle 20 includes sidewalls 26 that extend between the top 22
and bottom 24. The sidewalls 26 include a tapered portion 34 that
tapers inward from the top 22 to the bottom 24. The sidewalls 26
also include respective linear portions 38, 40 extending between
the tapered portion 34 and the top 22 and bottom 24, and in
parallel with a longitudinal axis 42 of the receptacle 20. In the
illustrated embodiment, the receptacle 20 includes four sidewalls
26a-d (sidewall 26d is not shown since it is opposed to (behind)
sidewall 26b in FIG. 2), of which three sidewalls 26a, 26b, 26d are
formed having a particular taper angle .theta..sub.1 relative to
the axis 42. The taper angle .theta..sub.1 is selected to cause
bridging B of the PIF at or slightly above the second end 24 of the
receptacle 20 for reasons discussed further below. The receptacle
is formed so that the taper angle .theta..sub.1 is in the range of
35 to 65 degrees relative to the vertical. In the illustrated
embodiment, for example, the taper angle .theta..sub.1 is
approximately 50 degrees. In some embodiments, the linear portion
40 adjacent the bottom 24 may also include an inwardly protruding
annular lip 44. The annular lip 44 is disposed adjoining the
tapered portion 34 and facilitates formation of the bridge B in the
same location by providing support for the PIF in the vicinity of
the lip 44.
[0035] The receptacle 20 is sufficiently sized to store enough PIF
for several servings. In some embodiments, the receptacle 20 can be
sized to have a PIF storage capacity in a range of about 10 to 50
ounces. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the receptacle
20 has a PIF storage capacity of 25 ounces.
[0036] The receptacle vibrator 50 is used to facilitate downward
PIF movement through the receptacle 20, as discussed further below.
The receptacle vibrator 50 is disposed adjacent the upper half of
the receptacle 20, and includes a vibration generator 54 arranged
to provide one or more mechanical pulses to the sidewall 26c of the
receptacle 20. The mechanical pulses provide a vigorous, low
amplitude shake of the receptacle 20.
[0037] Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the dosing assembly 70 is
disposed in the housing 2 immediately below the hopper assembly 18.
The dosing assembly 70 includes a dosing tube 72, a dosing tube
vibrator 104, a pinch valve 90 and a chute 120.
[0038] The dosing tube 72 is a hollow cylindrical tube having an
open first end 74 connected to the bottom 24 of the receptacle 20,
and an open second end 76 opposed to the first end 74, and is
arranged to be axially aligned with the longitudinal axis 42 of the
receptacle 20. For example, the first end 74 of the dosing tube 72
may be press fit on an outer periphery of the bottom 24 of the
receptacle 20. The dosing tube is 72 both flexible and elastic, and
is provided with a cross-sectional dimension that is determined
based on the properties of the powder to be dispensed.
[0039] The pinch valve 90 is disposed between the first and second
ends 74, 76 of the dosing tube 72 and is configured to control
powder flow from the second end 76 of the dosing tube 72. The pinch
valve 90 includes a tube support panel 102 disposed on one side of
the dosing tube 72, and a pinch blade 100 disposed on the
diametrically opposed side of the dosing tube. The pinch blade 100
is supported on a block 98 that can reciprocate between a first
position and a second position along a line L transverse to the
longitudinal axis 42 of the receptacle 20, and is moved between the
first and second positions by a valve motor 92.
[0040] The first position (FIG. 3) corresponds to an open valve
position in which the block 98 and pinch blade 100 are disposed
closely adjacent to, but spaced apart from, an outer periphery of
the dosing tube 72, and are spaced apart from the panel 102 a
distance corresponding approximately to the outer diameter of the
dosing tube 72. In the open valve position, the dosing tube 72 is
not compressed by the valve 90, and thus has an open, cylindrical
PIF passageway 80 extending from the first end 74 to the second end
76. The second position (FIG. 4) corresponds to a closed valve
position in which the block 98 and pinch blade 100 are moved to a
position adjacent to the panel 102. Due to the flexibility of the
dosing tube 72, the dosing tube 72 is diametrically compressed
between the pinch blade 100 and the panel 102 to an extent that the
passageway 80 within the dosing tube 72 is closed, and PIF is
prevented from flowing out from the second end 76 of the dosing
tube 72. Upon return of the valve 90 to the open position by
retraction of the block 98 and pinch blade 100, the dosing tube 72
elastically regains its original cylindrical configuration.
[0041] In this configuration, the pinch valve 90 acts through the
dosing tube 72 to control flow of the PIF through the dosing tube
72 in such a way that the valve 90 does not directly contact the
PIF. This advantageously results in very reliable operation of the
valve mechanism, since the moving parts of the valve 90 are not
exposed to the sticky PIF. More importantly, since the valve blade
is positioned externally of the dosing tube, dosing accuracy is
enhanced since the valve blade 100 does not become coated with PIF
and/or interfere with PIF flow through the passageway 80.
[0042] The pinch valve 90 is disposed adjacent to, and above, the
second end 76 of the dosing tube 72. The particular position of the
pinch valve 90 relative to the longitudinal axis of the dosing tube
72, along with the cross-sectional diameter of the dosing tube 72,
determine the volume of the dosing tube 72 when the pinch valve 90
is in the closed position. This position is determined by the
properties of the particular powder to be dispensed, as well as the
total desired volume to be dispensed. In some embodiments, the
position of the pinch valve within the housing 2 along the axial
length of the tube can be adjusted. In other embodiments, the pinch
valve 90 is fixed within the housing 2, and the position of the
receptacle 20 and dosing tube 72 within the housing 2 relative to
the pinch valve 90 can be adjusted.
[0043] In the device 1, the only mechanical valve provided to
control PIF flow is the pinch valve 90. There is no other
mechanical valve or control device within the hopper and dosing
assemblies 18, 70. Instead, the device advantageously uses the
powder bridging caused by the receptacle shape to provide a valve
function within the receptacle 20. In particular, when the valve 90
is moved to the open position, a predetermined amount of PIF is
permitted to exit the dosing assembly. The predetermined amount of
powder corresponds to the sum of a volume of the measuring device
above the pinch valve 90 and the volume of powder disposed below
the bridge formed by the powder bridging within the receptacle
20.
[0044] The dosing tube vibrator 104 is used to urge downward PIF
movement through the dosing tube, and to facilitate full evacuation
of the PIF from the dosing tube once the pinch valve 90 has been
moved to an open position, as discussed further below. The dosing
tube vibrator 104 is disposed adjacent the dosing tube 72, and
includes a vibration generator 108 arranged to provide one or more
mechanical pulses to the dosing tube 72. The mechanical pulses
provides a vigorous, low amplitude shake of the dosing tube 72.
[0045] Referring again to FIG. 2, the chute 120 is a rigid, curved
tube positioned at the second end 76 of the dosing tube, and is
used to redirect the flow direction of the PIF, so that when the
pinch valve 90 is opened, PIF flows into the angled container 500.
In particular, the chute 120 redirects the PIF from a flow
direction which is generally aligned with the longitudinal axis 42
of the receptacle 20 as it passes through the dosing tube 72, to a
flow direction which is generally aligned with the container axis
512. The chute 120 is supported in an opening 15 formed in the
housing 2 at a location corresponding to the second end 76 of the
dosing tube 72, so as to extend into the recess 12 in which the
container 500 is received. The second end 76 of the dosing tube 72
protrudes into the open upper end 122 of the chute 120.
[0046] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 4, the mixing assembly 150 is
disposed ajacent the bottom of the housing 2, and includes a mixing
motor 152 and a container holder assembly 156. The mixing motor 152
is a reversible electric rotary motor and includes an output shaft
154. The holder assembly 156 is supported on the motor output shaft
154 so as to be rotated by the mixing motor 152. The mixing motor
152 is controlled by a controller 180 to rotate the holder assembly
156 relative to the housing 2 to achieve mixing of the contents of
the container 500. For example, the mixing motor 152 is a
reversible gear motor at speeds between 250 and 500 rpm, and can be
controlled to provide an alternating rotation of the container
between opposed rotation directions. In addition, or alternatively,
the mixing motor can be controlled to provide periods of container
non-rotation between periods of container rotation. Examples of
specific mixing paradigms are discussed in detail below.
[0047] The holder assembly 156 includes a generally cup-shaped
holder 158 having a base 160, and a sidewall 162 extending along a
periphery of the base 160 in a direction perpendicular to the base
160. The base 160 is secured to the output shaft 154 by
conventional means so that the holder 158 rotates coaxially with
the output shaft 154. The holder 158 is sized so that diameter of
the sidewall 162 is greater than than the outer diameter of the
container 500. Elastic tabs 164 are provided on the inner surface
of the sidewall 162 so as to protrude radially inward, forming an
opening into the holder 158 which is slightly less than the outer
diameter of the container 500, and the container 500 is inserted
into the holder 158 by pressing the container 500 through the tabs
164 until the container bottom 500 rests on the base 160. The
container 500 is maintained within the holder 158 due to an
interference fit between the tabs 164 and the sidewall 508 of the
container 500.
[0048] The mixing motor 152 is mounted within the housing 2 so that
the output shaft 154 is angled relative to the horizontal. As a
result, the base 160 of the holder 158 is also angled relative to
the horizontal, and thus the holder 158 will support the container
500 such that the bottom end 510 of the container 500 is disposed
at an angle .theta..sub.2 to the horizontal. In some embodiments,
the angle of the container axis 512 relative to the horizontal
.theta..sub.2 is in the range of 45 degrees to 80 degrees. In other
embodiments, the angle of the container axis 512 relative to the
horizontal .theta..sub.2 is in the range of 55 degrees to 60
degrees. In addition, the holder 158 is supported by the motor 152
within the housing so that the container 500 is held at a fixed
angle relative to the vertical, and so that the bottle opening 502
is positioned below the dosing assembly 70 and chute 120 to receive
the PIF.
[0049] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 5, the dilution assembly 200 serves
as a liquid supply and has a removable and refillable ambient water
storage tank 202 for storing unheated water, and a relatively
smaller hot water storage tank 220 that is filled from the ambient
water storage tank 202. The ambient water storage tank 202 is
supported on the inner surfaces of the housing 2 adjacent the upper
end of the housing 2 adjacent to the receptacle 20 and below the
lids 8, 10. The ambient water storage tank 202 can easily be
removed from the housing 2 through the opening 16 to permit
cleaning. The top 210 of the ambient water storage tank 202
includes an opening 212 to permit filling, and the opening 212 is
covered by a lid 204 to prevent contaminants from falling into the
ambient water storage tank 202, for example when the housing lids
8, 10 are opened to refill the receptacle 20. In some embodiments,
the ambient water storage tank 202 will hold about 32 ounces of
water, and the hot water storage tank 220 will hold approximately 8
ounces of water.
[0050] The water within the ambient water storage tank 202 is
supplied to a water pump 260 via a check valve 206 and a supply
line 234. The check valve 206 allows outward flow from and prevents
reverse flow back to the ambient water storage tank 202. The water
pump 260 provides water to the hot water storage tank 220 via a
check valve 262 that prevents reverse flow back from the hot water
storage tank 220. A hot water delivery line 232 supplies hot water
from the hot water storage tank 200 to a hot water outlet 242. In
addition, the water pump 206 provides water to the ambient water
outlet 238 via a check valve 264 that prevents reverse flow back
from the outlet 238 and supply line 236. A vent line 230 joins the
hot water delivery line 232 to permit venting of the ambient water
storage tank 202 and the hot water storage tank 220. The water pump
260 is controlled by the controller 180 to determine the sequence
and amount of water delivered, as discussed further below.
[0051] The hot water outlet 242 and ambient water outlet 238 are
located in the vicinity of the chute 120 at a location overlying
the container opening 502. The outlets 242, 238 are oriented to
direct ambient water into the container 500. More particularly, the
hot water outlet 242 is generally aligned with the container axis
512, and thus is arranged to direct hot water toward the container
bottom 510. In addition, the ambient water outlet 238 has a
different orientation than that of the hot water outlet 242. For
example, the ambient water outlet 238 can be arranged to direct
ambient water toward the container sidewall 508. In some
embodiments, the ambient water outlet 242 is arranged to extend
horizontally.
[0052] A water heater 280 is connected to the hot water storage
tank 220 to heat the water stored therein. The water heater 280 is
controlled by the controller 180 to provide hot water to the
container at a temperature sufficient to pasteurize the
reconstituted formula. As used herein, the term pasteurize means to
expose a food to an elevated temperature for a period of time
sufficient to destroy certain microorganisms, such as those that
can produce disease or cause spoilage or undesirable fermentation
of food, without radically altering taste or quality. For example,
the water heater 280 is controlled to heat the water within the hot
water storage tank 200 to temperatures in the range of 165 to 190
degrees F. In some embodiments, the user can provide input to the
controller 180 via the display panel 14 to set the water heater 280
to a different temperature.
[0053] Sensors are strategically placed throughout the automated
infant formula device 1 to monitor operating conditions and
generate representative output signals. These include: a hot water
storage tank temperature sensor 224; an ambient water tank water
level sensor 208 that generates an output signal if the water level
in the ambient water storage tank 202 drops below a preselected
minimum; and a ready status indicator 186 that generates an output
signal indicating that the container has been loaded into the
automated infant formula device 1. Water temperature sensors 240,
182 are provided to detect and monitor temperature of the water at
the ambient water storage tank 202 and within the container 500,
respectively. In some embodiments, the sensor 182 for detecting the
temperature of the liquid in the container 500 can be an infrared
sensor. In addition, the automated infant formula device 1 includes
a sensor 184 to detect whether PIF has been dispensed from the
dosing assembly 70 into the mixing assembly 150. For example, the
sensor 184 can detect whether a light beam passing through the flow
path has been interrupted by PIF delivery.
[0054] The controller 180 receives the output signals from each of
the control panel and display 14 and sensors, and controls the
receptacle vibrator 50, the dosing tube vibrator 104, the pinch
valve 90 and the components of the dilution assembly 200 according
to pre-programmed and/or programmable parameters. In addition, the
controller provides status signals to the control panel and display
14, and is operative in response to a user input received at
control panel and display 14 to operate the system through a mix
cycle.
[0055] Referring to FIG. 6, it is appreciated that versions of the
device 1 can be provided that do not require heated water. Such a
device might allow for simply deactivating or eliminating the water
heater 280 and temperature sensor 224. For example, an alternative
dilution assembly 300 includes the removable and refillable ambient
water storage tank 202 for storing unheated water. The ambient
water storage tank 202 supplies water to the water pump 260 via a
check valve 206 and a supply line 234. The check valve 206 allows
outward flow from and prevents reverse flow back to the ambient
water storage tank 202. The water pump 260 provides water to the
ambient water outlet 238 using the supply line 236 via a check
valve 264 that prevents reverse flow back from the outlet 238.
[0056] The device 1 has at least the following critical attributes:
[0057] 1. The container 500 is held in the holder 158 at an angle
.theta..sub.2 of about 45 to 80 degrees from the horizontal.
Testing has shown that mixing using a vertically oriented container
position (90 degrees from the horizontal) does not provide a
satisfactory beverage because when mixed in a vertically oriented
position, the powder collects and clumps in the bottom edges of the
container 500. Thus, the mixing angle .theta..sub.2 is a critical
element of the invention. It works by dispersing and configuring
the powder in the container 500 to make thorough mixing possible.
The angle .theta..sub.2 range of 45 to 85 degrees was determined
through testing to work well, and the angle .theta..sub.2 range of
55 to 60 degrees was determined be optimal, since greater angles
cause the formula to spill, and a less angle does not provide
adequate mixing and results in powder collection on the container
500 walls. [0058] a. The container 500 is held in a holder that can
rotate clockwise and/or counterclockwise at various rates of
rotation and at various time periods between reversal of direction.
[0059] b. The speeds of rotation are between 100 and 500 rpm.
[0060] c. The time period between reversal of direction can vary
from a few seconds (thus achieving an agitation rather than a
rotation) to 10-15 seconds (thus allowing the establishment of a
vortex in the mixing liquid). [0061] 2. The device 1 can
accommodate the introduction of PIF into the container 500 first,
before water is added, or the simultaneous introduction of water
and PIF. [0062] 3. The device 1 can mix a full dose of PIF with a
partial dose of hot water (roughly half to one third the water
needed for full reconstitution of the PIF). [0063] a. This approach
mixes water and PIF at about a 1 to 1 volume ratio in order to
first heat the PIF to over 160.degree. F. with hot water and hold
the PIF/water mixture at this temperature for at least 15 seconds.
[0064] 4. The formula is subsequently cooled to the final set point
temperature and mixed to the desired dilution by adding additional
water at ambient temperature. [0065] a. Complete reconstitution of
the concentrated formula involves mixing water into the high
temperature concentrated formula in an amount ranging from 1/3 to
2/3 of the total amount of water needed for complete reconstitution
of the initial PIF.
[0066] The angled mixing configuration described above provides a
controlled flow in the container 500, as the rotational speed and
container angle determine the tangential vector of the spinning
liquid.
Operation and Method of Use
[0067] With reference to FIG. 7, a method of dispensing PIF into a
container 500 and preparing a reconstituted formula from the PIF is
as follows:
1. Insert the container 500 into the recess 12 of the device and
load into the holder 158 (step 350). The presence of the container
500 within the holder 158 can be detected using a sensor 186. 2.
Measure a predetermined amount of PIF to be dispensed (step 351).
This is achieved through closure of the pinch valve 90 and
operation of the hopper vibrator 50 to shake the receptacle 20 in
order to break up any holes, bridges or other non-homogeneities in
the stored PIF, and to facilitate downward movement of the PIF
within the receptacle 20. Importantly, operation of the hopper
vibrator 50 serves to fill the dosing tube 72 with PIF. Here,
"shaking" of the receptacle 20 can include application of a single
mechanical pulse or a series of pulses (vibration). This step is
performed, for example at the time of filling the receptacle 20
with PIF and prior to each dispensation of PIF. 3. Begin rotation
of the container 500 (step 352). The container 500 is rotated at a
rotational speed of 100-500 RPM. 4. While the container rotates,
dispense PIF of desired dose into container 500 (step 354). This is
achieved by opening the pinch valve 90 and operating the dosing
tube vibrator 104 to facilitate the flow of the predetermined
amount (ie, dose) of PIF out of the dosing tube 72, through the
chute 120, and into the container 500 through the open top 502 of
the container 500. The predetermined amount of PIF corresponds to
the sum of a volume of the dosing tube 72 above the pinch valve 90
and the volume of powder disposed below the bridge formed by the
powder bridging within the receptacle 20. Due to the powder
bridging caused by the shape of the receptacle 20 including the
sidewall angle .theta..sub.1 at the transition from the receptacle
20 to the dosing tube 72, no secondary valve or other mechanism is
required within receptacle 20 to achieve metering of the PIF.
Moreover, the bridged powder prevents any undesired powder (that
is, PIF above the bridge B) from flowing from the receptacle 20
itself into the container 500. Only the PIF below the powder bridge
B that was contained in the dosing tube 72 is released into the
container 500 when the pinch valve 90 is opened and the tube
vibrator 104 is energized.
[0068] As the PIF flows out of the dosing tube 72 and into the
angled container 500, the container 500 is rotated to spread out
the PIF evenly. The container 500 is held at an angle .theta..sub.2
which is required for complete mixing.
5. While the container rotates, pasteurize the PIF within the
container 500 by adding hot water to the container 500 (step
356).
[0069] Simultaneously to or following the introduction of powder
into the container 500, hot water is directed from the hot water
storage tank 220 to the container 500. A volume of hot water is
added that corresponds to roughly 50% (range of 33%-66%) of the
total amount of water needed for complete reconstitution of the
PIF.
6. Mix hot water and PIF in container 500 (step 357). This mixes
the PIF at a concentrated level, and ensures sufficient time at
temperature to pasteurize the concentrated formula. Depending on
the size of the desired serving the duration, type and direction of
rotation will vary, as discussed further below.
[0070] In some embodiments, the mixture of PIF and hot water to
prepare 2 ounces of reconstituted formula is mixed according to the
following dispensing and spinning sequence. In this case, the
predetermined amount of PIF (i.e., a dose) corresponds to the
amount of PIF required for obtaining 2 ounces of reconstituted
formula.
TABLE-US-00001 Direction/speed Time Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a
portion of water Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450
rpm 2 seconds Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm
2 seconds Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2
seconds Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2
seconds
7. Based on the required serving size, the controller 180
determines whether additional water and PIF will need to be
dispensed into the container 500 (step 358). For example, if four
ounces of formula is needed, the following dispensing and spinning
sequence is used.
TABLE-US-00002 Direction/speed Time Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a
portion of water Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450
rpm 2 seconds Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a portion of water
Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds
Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds
Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds
Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds
[0071] For example, if six ounces of formula is needed, the
following dispensing and spinning sequence is used.
TABLE-US-00003 Direction/speed Time Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a
portion of water Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450
rpm 2 seconds Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a portion of water
Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds
Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a portion of water Clockwise 450 rpm 4
seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 4 seconds Clockwise 450 rpm 4
seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 4 seconds
[0072] For example, if eight ounces of formula is needed, the
following dispensing and spinning sequence is used:
TABLE-US-00004 Direction/speed Time Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a
portion of water Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450
rpm 2 seconds Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a portion of water
Clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 2 seconds
Dispense 1 dose of PIF and a portion of water Clockwise 450 rpm 4
seconds Counter clockwise 450 rpm 4 seconds Dispense 1 dose of PIF
and a portion of water Clockwise 450 rpm 4 seconds Counter
clockwise 450 rpm 4 seconds Clockwise 450 rpm 4 seconds Counter
clockwise 450 rpm 4 seconds
[0073] As discussed above, prior to each dispensation of a dose of
PIF into the container 500, the method step 351 is performed.
8. Add sufficient ambient water to the container 500 to achieve
desired PIF concentration (step 359). In particular, when the
mixing cycle is complete, ambient water is pumped from the ambient
water storage tank 202 into the container 500 completing the
reconstitution of the PIF. By using relatively cool water to
complete dilution, the formula can be quickly cooled from
pasteurization temperatures to a comfortable temperature for
consumption, for example a temperature corresponding to body
temperature or 98 degrees F. +/-5 degrees F. During this step, the
container 500 continues to rotate. The rotational speed of the
earlier steps can be maintained, or alternatively, the container
can be rotated at a reduced rotational speed. Thus the range of
possible rotational speeds can include 1 to 500 RPM. The duration
of rotation during this step is dependent on the amount of water
added.
[0074] The above method provides several advantages. For example,
since the container is held at an angle and rotated while the
powder is dispensed, the powder is spread out over the sidewalls of
the container, preventing formation of lumps and preventing
formation of unmixed aggregations of powder or powder paste along
the container bottom or sidewalls that never fully dissolves.
Because the powder has been spread out along the sides of the
container 500, when water is added to the container, complete and
uniform mixing of the powder and water is achieved, even during
steps of highly concentrated formulation such as occurs during
pasteurization. In addition, since the container is held at an
angle and rotated while the water is dispensed, better mixing
agitation is provided, facilitating the complete and uniform mixing
of the powder and water. Furthermore, since water is added to the
container by directing the flow of water to a sidewall of the
container 500, formation of bubbles within the reconstituted
formula is minimized.
[0075] Compared to preparation by hand, this automated device 1 and
method ensures a consistent preparation including repeatable and
accurate dosing of the PIF, uniform mixing of the reconstituted
PIF, correct final delivery temperature and pasteurization of the
resulting formula. In particular, the device 1 provides variable
dose options, effective formula mixing, improved cleanability, (no
mixed formula touches any part of the machine), and mixing in the
bottle (so no parts need to be cleaned prior to the next serving).
Moreover, these features are achieved using a relatively simple
device having only a single valve mechanism to control PIF
flow.
[0076] Although the device 1 and method described herein are
directed to reconstituting PIF, the device 1 and method are not
limited to this application. For example, other powders may be
reconstituted using this device and method, including dried
coffees, teas, powders for flavored drinks including those having
chocolate, fruit or other flavors, and powders for nutritional
supplements. In addition, the device 1 and method described herein
are not limited to reconstituting beverages for human consumption,
but have other applications as well. For example, the device 1 and
method can be used to prepare formula for feeding young
livestock
[0077] Although the container 500 is described herein as
conventional cylindrical baby bottle, the device 1 is not limited
to being used with this type of container. For example, the baby
bottle may be provided having a non-cylindrical shape. More
specifically, the baby bottle may have a non-linear longitudinal
axis, non-linear sidewalls, or both. The container may be of a
different type, including but not limited to a travel mug, water
bottle, drinking glass or coffee cup. In addition, the container
may be of a different shape, including having a polygonal cross
section, or may be proportioned to be wider than it is tall. The
container may be sized and formed of a material appropriate for
achieving repeatable temperature and mixing constitution. In
addition, the container may include features that are customized
for the automated infant formula device 1, which may include the
adaptation of connection holding points, material choices and/or
thickness of material.
[0078] Although the receptacle 20 is illustrated herein as being
generally pyramid shaped including a rectangular top 22, and having
four sidewalls 26a-d, the receptacle 20 is not limited to this
shape and may be formed having a single arcuate sidewall so as to
be generally conically shaped. Similarly, the open bottom 24 of the
receptacle 20 may be polygonal in cross sectional shape rather than
cylindrical.
[0079] Although the receptacle 20 is described as being
sufficiently sized to accommodate several servings of PIF, the
receptacle 20 is not limited to this size. For example, the
receptacle may be provided in a size sufficient for a single
serving.
[0080] Referring to FIG. 8, although the receptacle 20 is
illustrated herein as being a refillable hopper mounted within the
housing 2, the invention is not limited to this embodiment. For
example, the receptacle 20 and dosing tube 72 may be replaced with
a pre-filled and sealed hopper-shaped disposable cartridge 320. The
cartridge 320 is formed having tapered sidewalls 326 including the
taper angle .theta..sub.1 selected to cause bridging of the PIF at
or slightly above the second end 324 of the receptacle 320. In
addition, the upper end 322 of the cartridge 320 is closed, and the
open lower end 324 is connected to a pre-connected or integrally
formed dosing tube 372, which is sealed at a lower end with a
peel-off cover 334. When the PIF has been completely dispensed and
the cartridge 320 is empty, the empty cartridge 320 is removed from
the housing 2, and replaced with a full cartridge 320, whereby any
mess and inconvenience of cleaning and re-filling the receptacle 20
is avoided. In other embodiments, the receptacle 320 may be formed
without a dosing tube 372, and instead be configured to be
assembled with the dosing tube 72 of the device 1. In this case,
the lower end 324 of the cartridge can be directly sealed with the
cover 334.
[0081] Referring also to FIGS. 9 and 10, an alternative disposable
cartridge 420 may be used with the device 1 that is not limited to
a hopper shape. Instead, as shown in FIG. 9, the pre-filled and
sealed disposable cartridge 420 can be formed in a box shape that
is convenient for shipping and storing PIF, and used within the
device 1 along with a modified receptacle 422. In particular, the
receptacle 422 is formed having tapered sidewalls 426 including the
taper angle .theta..sub.1 selected to cause bridging of the PIF at
or slightly above the second end 424 of the receptacle 422. In
addition, the edge 428 at the open upper end of the receptacle 422
is formed to connect with a lower end of the cartridge 420 (FIG.
10), whereby the receptacle 422 is automatically loaded with
PIF.
[0082] Although the dosing assembly 70 is described as including a
cylindrical dosing tube 72, the dosing tube 72 is not limited to
being cylindrical. For example, the dosing tube may be of any
closed sectional shape including polygonal and irregular.
[0083] Although the dosing assembly 70 is described as including
the pinch valve 90, the dosing assembly 70 is not limited to using
the pinch valve 90, and control of the flow of PIF from the second
end 76 of the dosing tube 72 can be accomplished using other valve
mechanisms. For example, an alternative mechanism could obstruct
the passageway 80 within the dosing tube 72 by sufficient bending
of the dosing tube 72. Moreover, although the pinch valve 90 is
disclosed as retracting from the dosing tube 72 to permit elastic
opening of the dosing tube 72, in other embodiments, the dosing
tube 72 may be merely flexible rather than elastic, and a pinch
valve 90 may be secured to the tube itself so that when retracted,
the pinch valve 90 mechanically opens the tube passageway 80.
[0084] Although the holder 158 of the mixing assembly employs
elastic tabs 164 to secure the container 500 within the holder 158,
the mixing assembly is not limited to this and other mechanisms may
be used to secure the container 500 within the holder 158. In one
example, spring-loaded rigid tabs can be used to replace the
elastic tabs. In another example, the holder 158 can be replaced
with a clip configured to secure the container 500.
[0085] Although the chute 120 is illustrated herein as being
supported within an opening 15 on the housing 2, this configuration
is non-limiting. For example, the chute 120 may be formed
integrally with the dosing tube 72.
[0086] Although the dilution assembly 200 includes separate hot
water and ambient water outlets 242, 238, the dilution assembly 200
is not limited to this configuration. For example, the dilution
assembly 200 may include a single outlet that is fed from both the
hot and ambient water tanks.
[0087] Although the examples of dispensing and spinning sequences
refer to initially spinning the container 500 in a clockwise
rotational direction about the container axis 512, followed by a
subsequent spinning of the container 500 in a counterclockwise
rotation direction, the spinning sequence is not limited to this.
For example, the initial rotation direction can be
counterclockwise, followed by a subsequent clockwise rotation
direction.
[0088] Referring to FIG. 11, an alternative embodiment automated
infant formula device 600 which includes the hopper assembly 18,
dosing assembly 70, dilution assembly 200 and mixing assembly 150
described above stored within a housing 602. The device 600 also
includes a front cover 601 which covers the recess 612 provided in
the front of the device 600 into which the container 500 is
inserted, providing a closed sterilization compartment within the
device 600. In addition, the device 600 further includes a
container sterilizer (not shown) which sterilizes the container 500
received within the compartment. For example, sterilization can be
achieved by exposing the container 500 to UV light for a
predetermined period of time, or by providing hot water to the
container 500 at temperatures sufficient to create a sterilizing
steam within the compartment. The device housing 602 may also
include a transparent portions 603, 604 to permit visual monitoring
of the fill levels of the receptacle 20 and ambient water tank
202.
[0089] Selected illustrative embodiments of the invention are
described above in some detail. It should be understood that only
structures considered necessary for clarifying the present
invention have been described herein. Other conventional
structures, and those of ancillary and auxiliary components of the
system, are assumed to be known and understood by those skilled in
the art. Moreover, while a working example of the present invention
has been described above, the present invention is not limited to
the working example described above, but various design alterations
may be carried out without departing from the present invention as
set forth in the claims.
* * * * *