U.S. patent application number 13/241978 was filed with the patent office on 2012-03-29 for method for producing individually assembled printed products.
This patent application is currently assigned to Mueller Martini Holding AG. Invention is credited to Thomas Kuenzli.
Application Number | 20120073247 13/241978 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43479924 |
Filed Date | 2012-03-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120073247 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kuenzli; Thomas |
March 29, 2012 |
METHOD FOR PRODUCING INDIVIDUALLY ASSEMBLED PRINTED PRODUCTS
Abstract
A method for producing individually assembled printed products
includes supplying from a production line at least one envelope
product with an individual, optically detectable marking affixed
thereto. A regionally oriented supplement and/or a target-group
specific supplement is supplied from at least one other production.
The envelope products and the supplements are assemble by combining
in a first autonomously operating assembling device the envelope
product with the regionally oriented supplement to form a first
printed product and combining in a second autonomously operating
assembling device the envelope product with the target-group
specific supplement to form a second printed product, or inserting
continuously or intermittingly in the first autonomously operating
assembling device the target-group specific product into the first
printed product, or inserting in a downstream direction of the
first autonomously operating assembling device the target-group
specific supplement into the first printed product.
Inventors: |
Kuenzli; Thomas; (Basel,
CH) |
Assignee: |
Mueller Martini Holding AG
Hergiswil
CH
|
Family ID: |
43479924 |
Appl. No.: |
13/241978 |
Filed: |
September 23, 2011 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
53/473 ;
53/235 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65H 2511/411 20130101;
B65H 39/02 20130101; B65H 2511/512 20130101; B65H 2301/4311
20130101; B65H 2511/411 20130101; B65H 2220/02 20130101; B65H
2513/42 20130101; B65H 2511/512 20130101; B65H 2220/01 20130101;
B42C 1/10 20130101; B65H 2513/42 20130101; B65H 2220/01
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
53/473 ;
53/235 |
International
Class: |
B65B 1/04 20060101
B65B001/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 27, 2010 |
CH |
01567/10 |
Claims
1. A method for producing individually assembled printed products,
comprising: supplying from a production line at least one envelope
product with an individual, optically detectable marking affixed
thereto; supplying from at least one other production line at least
one of, respectively, a regionally oriented supplement and a
target-group specific supplement; and assembling the envelope
products and the supplements by at least one of: combining in a
first autonomously operating assembling device the envelope product
with the regionally oriented supplement to form a first printed
product, and combining in a second autonomously operating
assembling device the envelope product with the target-group
specific supplement to form a second printed product, or inserting
continuously or intermittingly in the first autonomously operating
assembling device the target-group specific product into the first
printed product, or inserting in a downstream direction of the
first autonomously operating assembling device the target-group
specific supplement into the first printed product.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: controlling
with a control unit the supplying and assembling steps; and
controlling with the control unit movement of precisely called up
supplement combinations relative to supplied envelope products to
stacking machines.
3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising utilizing
the control unit to make available the target-group specific or the
regionally oriented supplements, and transferring individual copies
continuously or intermittently to the stacking machine for further
processing into packages.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the envelope product is
supplied as a main product, a cover or a weekly paper.
5. The method according to claim 2, further comprising producing
the supplements according to precise specifications and supplying
the supplements to stacking machines with the aid of the control
unit.
6. An apparatus to produce individually assembled printed products
including at least one envelope product and at least one
supplement, comprising: a first device to supply at least one
envelope product with at least one external, optically detectable
marking that matches a specific addressee; and at least one
assembling device to integrate the supplied envelope product and at
least one supplement in a clocked operation into regionally
oriented and/or target-group specific printed products.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the first device is
a mechanical device that withdraws differently marked envelope
products without empty cycles between two envelope products and
which forms one line of the apparatus, the apparatus further
comprising at least one other line comprising a further mechanical
device to supply a supplement, wherein at least two lines are
formed by the first and the at least one further mechanical device,
wherein the at least two lines converge toward each other in the
assembling device in which the target-group specific and/or the
regionally oriented integration of the respective envelope product
with the corresponding supplement combination takes place.
8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the at least one
assembling device comprises respectively one assembling device for
regionalized printed products and one assembling device for
target-group specific printed products.
9. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the envelope product
includes one predetermined identifying marking, respectively, for
incorporating the regionally oriented supplement.
10. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the envelope
product includes one predetermined identifying marking,
respectively, for incorporating the target-group specific
supplement.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the priority of Swiss Patent
Application No. 01567/10, filed on Sep. 27, 2010, the subject
matter of which is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to a method for producing
individually assembled printed products. The invention also relates
to an apparatus for realizing a method of this type.
PRIOR ART
[0003] With the production of target-group specific supplement
combinations, the question arises of how the individual printed
products which are composed differently can later on be identified
again. This identification is of primary importance for the further
processing and distribution of the printed products. So far, the
idea was to use very cost-intensive inkjet systems and RFID
(radio-frequency identification) for the identification, wherein
this has proven to be quite inefficient with respect to
acquisition, conversion and maintenance.
[0004] A target group generally consists of a circle of persons
combined to form a uniform addressee. Within this context, we
therefore cannot refer to a personalized distribution. The
expenditure involved with a continuous, strict personalization, for
example with the aid of inkjet or RFID systems, has proven to be
too high to meet the requirements of a secure identification. With
this course of action, a check must be carried out during the end
phase, immediately prior to the targeted delivery, within the
framework of the previously determined target group. Accordingly,
the person authorized to make the delivery must continuously make
sure that the coding and the target group match, which can be
ensured by regularly using a reading device.
[0005] For producing supplement combinations and individual
envelope products for extremely small regions, the efficient
processing of these printed products is realized with a process
intended for this.
[0006] An apparatus for producing a personalized magazine cover is
known from German patent document DE 20 2009 002 109 U1. The
production involves several processing stations for the
step-by-step processing of a product web, meaning for producing at
least one blank that forms the magazine cover, wherein the product
web used is preferably imprinted on both sides. A personalized
element is attached to the magazine cover. At least one of the
processing stations in this case is designed for producing the
magazine cover and the personalized element from the same product
web, wherein the personalized element forms the basis for the
postal delivery of the magazine. Owing to the fact that the element
can be implemented in a single operating step, a subsequent
labeling step can be omitted. Multiple personalizing options are
possible per se in this case, but the loss with regard to
productivity cannot be underestimated since the same product web is
used for the personalized element as is used for the newspaper or
magazine. The problem therefore is not to propose a system for a
target-group specific distribution on a regional level for which a
target-group specific insertion of supplements takes place. The
point furthermore is not to provide suggestions on how an effective
and efficient production of target-group specific products could be
realized.
[0007] European patent document EP 1 578 614 B1 discloses a method
for producing addressee-specific printed products. With this
method, a great many printed sheets are gathered for producing the
inside portion of a printed product, which is then provided with a
cover sheet and is stitched together or bound to form the
respectively finished printed product. An EDP supported database
structure ensures that targeted information is assigned to the
respective addressee listed on the individual printed product. An
addressee-specific product is produced by providing at least one of
the printed sheets with information specific to the addressee, at a
predetermined location. The cited document also pursues the
production of addressee-specific media, which respectively contain
static information which is identical for a plurality of media and
is processed separate from the dynamic information that differs for
each medium.
[0008] The subject matter of the European patent document EP 911
583 A1 deals with subsequent individualization steps, realized
later on with the aid of a blog processing.
[0009] The subject matter of European patent document EP 1 908 600
A1 deals with folded or foldable sheets to be attached to a printed
product or to another flat item. An anti-adherence region is
provided in this case which, in the folded state of the sheets,
rests on the adhesive region and completely covers this region.
[0010] European patent document EP 2 007 667 B1A discloses a method
for inserting supplements to form printed products which are
conveyed essentially continuously in a stream, wherein the printed
products are folded or bound and are thus provided with a folding
or back edge. The printed products in the stream are conveyed with
the folding or back edges oriented transverse to or at an angle to
a conveying direction and are held individually by grippers, for
example along the folding or back edges, such that the folded
supplements are supplied successively to the feed location where
they are opened and where an opened supplement is inserted and such
that means for orienting the printed products are provided.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] It is an object of the invention to accomplish a production
of individually assembled printed products which are destined for a
regionalized and/or a target-group specific delivery by using a
method and an apparatus of the aforementioned type, starting with
the premise that the content of the printed products can differ
considerably, depending on the destination.
[0012] According to an embodiment of the invention, there is
provided a method for producing individually assembled printed
products, comprising: supplying from a production line at least one
envelope product with an individual, optically detectable marking
affixed thereto; supplying from at least one other production line
at least one of, respectively, a regionally oriented supplement and
a target-group specific supplement; and assembling the envelope
products and the supplements by at least one of: combining in a
first autonomously operating assembling device the envelope product
with the regionally oriented supplement to form a first printed
product, and combining in a second autonomously operating
assembling device the envelope product with the target-group
specific supplement to form a second printed product, or inserting
continuously or intermittingly in the first autonomously operating
assembling device the target-group specific product into the first
printed product, or inserting in a downstream direction of the
first autonomously operating assembling device the target-group
specific supplement into the first printed product.
[0013] According to another embodiment, there is provided an
apparatus to produce individually assembled printed products
including at least one envelope product and at least one
supplement, comprising: a first device to supply at least one
envelope product with at least one external, optically detectable
marking that matches a specific addressee; and at least one
assembling device to integrate the supplied envelope product and at
least one supplement in a clocked operation into regionally
oriented and/or target-group specific printed products.
[0014] The invention is distinguished as follows over the
above-cited prior art: [0015] a) The envelope product is assigned
to a target group. [0016] b) A continuous operation of combining
different envelope products with different supplements is achieved.
[0017] c) The envelope products need not be assigned online (during
the production process) to a target group.
[0018] The invention furthermore intends to systematize the
availability of the printed products which are ready for
distribution and to cover the many options arising in practical
operations with the aid of simple measures taken during the
production.
[0019] In the process, the focus is basically on regionally
oriented and/or target-group specific envelope products which are
provided with an optical marking and which form the basis for the
steps proposed according to the invention.
[0020] An envelope product can best be compared to a cover
(envelope, multipage printed product, for example a weekly paper or
a regional printed product), which has a characteristic basic
layout that includes at least one target-specific or regionalized
marking which serves as a delivery address. This envelope or cover
can also contain content that exceeds the regional scope and can
easily differ considerably from case to case, depending on the
delivery criteria. The address can thus figuratively be an
external, optical identification feature, for example complemented
by a color component.
[0021] As a result, the following basic requirements are met:
[0022] For one thing, the goal is to take specific steps to ensure
the targeted regional delivery for a regionalized distribution, for
which the printed products generally have very different
compositions, wherein an optical marking of the envelope product is
initially quite sufficient as a criterion. Depending on the layout,
meaning the marking of the envelope product, it is possible for the
shipping agent, the distributor and the final distribution agent to
detect immediately to which region the respective envelope product
belongs, wherein the content of this envelope product of course
must coincide with the respective addressee for delivery. Thus, if
the final distribution is realized strictly by region, the envelope
products for the respective area must initially have the same
optical marking.
[0023] The underlying basic system can therefore additionally be
used without problem for distribution services which provide for an
adjoining, comprehensive distribution to an adjacent region. The
envelope products for the adjoining region, which can be detected
by the markings, are added to the main contingent, so that the
distributor can also safely make a so-called trans-regional
delivery or can be sure that such a delivery takes place. Strictly
speaking, the provisioning and precise distribution of the printed
products thus occurs solely based on the markings affixed to the
envelope products. As seen from this point, it becomes clear that
the complete system is based on an easy to carry out marking of the
envelope products.
[0024] The underlying basic philosophy can advantageously also be
realized for the delivery of target-group specific printed
products. The object in that case is to supply the target groups
with customized printed products, wherein these target groups need
not coincide with strictly determined delivery circles. The
delivery is consequently based solely on target-group specific
criteria for which the supplements added to the envelope products
can differ considerably within a limited circle.
[0025] A further application option must be seen in that the
target-group specific supplements can also be combined with the
regional components of the envelope products. The regional
distribution therefore forms the basis which is then complemented
by the addition of target-group specific supplements.
[0026] With a configuration of this type, it is advantageous if
these envelope products, which contain regionalized as well as
target-group specific supplements, are provided with an additional
optical marking, so that the distribution can occur simultaneously
with the purely regionalized printed products. An expansion to
include several target-group specific deliveries within the
aforementioned region is possible as well.
[0027] It can thus be achieved without problem that the envelope
products can be made available with simple regionalized or
target-group specific supplements, as well as combinations of the
two with respect to the number and sequence, wherein the
individually provided packages coincide with the delivery that must
effectively take place.
[0028] The concrete details for the invention are consequently as
follow:
[0029] If the delivery is to be made strictly based on regional
criteria, the packages provided for this contain uniformly marked
envelope products, for which the number coincides with the number
for the deliveries to be made.
[0030] If the delivery is to be made strictly based on target-group
specific criteria, the packages contain uniformly marked envelope
products for which the number conforms to the scope of the
respective target group.
[0031] However, it should be taken into consideration here that
depending on the package size and the delivery area, it may very
well make sense to also produce packages which do not contain
uniformly marked envelope products in the case of strictly
target-group specific criteria. This means that one or more target
group(s) can be serviced using a single package.
[0032] If the basis is a combination delivery, which must
simultaneously meet regional as well as target-group specific
criteria, then the envelope products provided for this must
advantageously be marked accordingly. In contrast to the original
envelope products, a marking of this type can also contain
additional elements for the purely regional and/or target-group
specific delivery to ensure that a secure distinction is made
during the distribution.
[0033] To meet all of these requirements, a method and an apparatus
are therefore proposed which exhibit the features designed to solve
the object according to the invention.
[0034] For the regional or target-group specific assembly of
printed products, composed of the individual envelope products and
the associated supplement combinations, it is therefore proposed
that an apparatus be used which comprises feed lines that operate
approximately in accordance with the reversed principle for a boxer
engine.
[0035] In the present case, the two operating lines with their
content converge toward the center where the individual printed
product is completed in a clocked operation, wherein this
completion is controlled continuously by including the two
operating lines and wherein the one line basically supplies the
envelope products and the other line supplies the supplements
and/or inserts for finalizing the regionally oriented or
target-group specific printed products.
[0036] Additional items are to be fed in via another line if the
regionalization is to be combined simultaneously with a
target-group specific distribution, wherein this insertion device
can be integrated into a first assembling device or can be disposed
at a downstream location.
[0037] A system of this type consequently has the following
characteristics: [0038] 1. At least one external optical
identification feature is affixed to the respective envelope
product. [0039] 2. Envelope products which are identical on the
outside can, however, be provided with different regionalized
content, especially if the goal is to provide locations in the
adjacent regions with the same distribution. [0040] 3. Different
envelope products are always provided for a region if target-group
specific supplements are inserted. [0041] 4. The required
advertising and editorial supplements are added with the aid of an
insertion system and, depending on the supplement, are correctly
adjusted to the feeder. [0042] 5. By providing a comprehensive
control, regionally oriented and/or target-group specific
supplements are combined in a precisely clocked operation with the
respective envelope products. [0043] 6. The envelope product can be
viewed either as a traditional main product, or as a cover, or as a
weekly paper. [0044] 7. The precisely assembled supplement
combinations, produced in this way, can thus be supplied with the
aid of the control unit to the stacking machines. [0045] 8.
Regionally oriented and/or target-group specific packages can be
produced with the aid of the control unit. In the process,
individual copies can be transferred with different methods to the
stacking machine and can then be processed to form the different
packages.
[0046] The advantages of the system according to the invention can
be summarized as follows:
[0047] For the delivery and end distribution, it is no longer
necessary to use detection devices which ensure that a distinction
is made between the target-group specific and/or the regionally
oriented combinations. Auxiliary means such as the inkjet (arranged
inline or at the intake of the stacking machines) or RFID means can
thus be omitted completely, thereby resulting in lower investment
volumes and higher efficiency.
[0048] The different target-group specific or regionally oriented
combinations can thus be recognized easily by the distributor or
delivering agent.
[0049] For example, if a distinction is made for the distribution
on the basis of different colors or patterns which are applied to
the cover, meaning the envelope product, then the secure access by
the distributor is also ensured, meaning no identification devices
(reading devices) are needed for the distribution, as is the case
with the barcode or the RFID. As a result, the delivery is made
more efficient, wherein complementary detection means can still be
used, if an immediate need arises.
[0050] The target groups as such or the addressees in general can
thus be assured of an anonymous delivery which should strongly
increase the acceptance, in particular also with respect to the
content of the printed products.
[0051] The production of the target-group specific or the
regionally oriented envelope products, as well as the associated
supplements, can furthermore be realized at different times which
allows for an efficient usage of the production machines and
additionally ensures that the regional topicalities can also be
included.
[0052] An efficient production of the target-group specific or
regionally oriented supplement combinations can therefore be
maintained with the aid of a continuous production.
[0053] It must furthermore be seen as an essential advantage that
the target-group specific or the regionally oriented printed
products can be detected easily with the aid of the envelope
products, even in situations where interference occurs during the
further processing, thereby making it possible to immediately
introduce targeted correction measures.
[0054] A micro-regionalization can furthermore also be provided for
the envelope products, without having to tolerate losses in
efficiency.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0055] Advantageous embodiments of the method and the apparatus
according to the invention are described in further detail with the
aid of the following Figures. All elements which are not essential
to the immediate understanding of the invention have been omitted.
The same elements are given the same reference numbers in the
various Figures, showing in:
[0056] FIG. 1 A schematic representation of the operational steps
taken for assembling the printed products;
[0057] FIG. 2 A schematic representation showing the stacking of
the printed products;
[0058] FIG. 3 A flow chart illustrating the operation of assembling
the various printed products.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0059] FIG. 1 shows the mode of operation of an apparatus
consisting of different components that are operatively connected
to each other. A first mechanical device 1 meets the task of
withdrawing the different envelope products A, B, C without
resulting in empty cycles between two envelope products. This
mechanical device 1 forms one of the operating lines of the
apparatus. A second mechanical device 2 forms the second operating
line of the apparatus which takes over the task of ensuring the
transport and making available an optional supplement combination.
The two lines formed by the first and second devices 1, 2 converge
in an assembling device 4 in which the integration of a specific
envelope product with a specific supplement combination takes
place. The apparatus is furthermore expanded with a different
mechanical device 9 which functions as a modular expansion unit for
further insertion options. As a result, the space inside an
apparatus of this type can be utilized optimally. A combination of
two assembly elements is obtained which form an optional angle. A
transfer out or discharge station 10 is operative directly
connected to the assembling device 4 and is used to remove
incorrectly inserted supplements during further processing.
Arranged downstream of the discharge station 10 are stacking
machines 6 which take over the further processing of the supplement
combinations, including the envelope product, on the basis of
client-specific packages. A discharge unit 7 ensures that correctly
assembled supplement combinations can be evacuated if malfunctions
occur in the stacking machine 6 or during other situations. A
control unit 8 is designed such that a logistic coordination and
visualization of the production is possible. Additional
visualizations are possible, but are not discussed further herein.
Furthermore essential for the present apparatus is the mode of
operation of the first and second mechanical device 1, 2. These
devices autonomously take over the supplying of the partial printed
products, such that the partial printed products conveyed along the
respective lines are supplied to the assembling device 4 in a
manner to always permit the manufacture of regionally oriented
and/or target-group specific printed products. Also possible is the
disposition of an additional assembling device, not shown herein,
which follows from FIG. 3. Numerous combinations are available
which as a result can essentially consist of supplying continuously
and successively the envelope products A, B, C made available by
the first device 1. The advantage in this case is that stacked
products which make available the regionally oriented and/or
target-group specific printed products can be deposited ahead of
time. However, this is possible only because the second mechanical
device 2, in contrast to the first mechanical device 1, delivers
the autonomous supplement combinations for the envelope products in
the correct sequence. In a figurative sense, the two lines
therefore carry out a boxer engine movement toward the center,
which is oriented relative to the assembling device 4 arranged
in-between, such that always precisely those partial products which
are needed for assembling the printed products are supplied with
precise timing. That also means that the production of the envelope
products can take place completely independent of the production of
the supplements. This is particularly advantageous if the machinery
for producing printed products can be reduced without having to
produce ahead of time for storage and if the partial products can
respectively be transferred-in at a later date. As a result, a
regional updating of the printed products is possible, meaning the
last printed supplement will contain the most up-to-date news.
[0060] FIG. 2 shows the steps taken for configuring the apparatus,
with the goal of handling the supplement combinations 11. The
supplement combination 11 with the envelope product C corresponds
precisely to the number of copies in a package, with the target
location being the stacking machine STM1. Furthermore shown is a
different supplement combination 12 with the envelope product B
which corresponds precisely to the number of copies in a package
that is destined for the stacking machine STM2. A clocked
transporter 13 takes over the identification of each envelope
product, including the supplement combination, thus making it
possible for the printed products to be available. A stacking
machine 14 follows which then guides the finished copies to a
client-specific package STM1. Furthermore provided is a supplement
combination 15 with the envelope product B, which corresponds
precisely to the number of copies in a package, with the stacking
machine STM2 as the target location. The supplement combination 16
is provided with the envelope product A that corresponds precisely
to the number of copies in a package which has already been
processed in the stacking machine STM2. Additionally provided is a
supplement combination 17 with the envelope product A which
precisely corresponds to the number of copies of a package located
partially in the transporter 13 and partially in the stacking
machine STM3.
[0061] FIG. 3 shows a functional flow chart relating to the
sequence of steps for adding regional, target-group specific
supplements, or regional supplements to which target-group specific
supplements are added at certain points or continuously. Initially
provided is a system 1 for autonomously producing envelope
products, wherein this system can make available differently
embodied envelope products 1.1; 1.2; 1.3. In the present case, the
sequence of steps as shown is limited to three different envelope
products A, B, C. Of course, the system can also be configured so
as to supply a larger number or a smaller number of differently
marked envelope products, wherein this also affects the number of
associated supplements which are provided. On the other side is a
production 2 of regionalized supplements a, b, c. The two lines A,
B, C and a, b, c converge in an assembling device 4 which then
produces integrated printed products 4.1. The assembled printed
products respectively consist of a main envelope product A or B or
C which is respectively combined with a regional supplement a, b or
c. The control unit (see FIG. 1) ensures that the supplement
combinations are combined with the individual envelope products
assigned thereto which can be complemented as needed with alternate
regionally oriented supplements. This is realized particularly
advantageously if the goal is to ensure the delivery for various
regions which are not necessarily adjacent to each other. Whether
all options 4.1.1-4.1.3 are actually used in practical operations
depends on the individual case, wherein the activation of the
options available with this system can also be called up
in-between. The provisioning system 1 simultaneously also comprises
production lines for making available the envelope products 1.2,
wherein these lines are operatively connected to a target-group
specific production 3. A further assembling device 5 ensures that
these envelope products 1.2.1-1.2.3 are complemented by the
target-group specific supplements 3.1.1-3.1.3. Resulting from this
are different target-group specific printed products
5.1.1.1-5.1.3.3 which depend on the individual envelope product as
well as on the narrowly specified supplements for the target
groups. The previously mentioned regionalized printed products
4.1.1-4.1.3 can be expanded, if necessary, by inserting special
target-group specific supplements 3.2.1-3.2.3, thereby providing
the option of expanding the regional distribution with a
super-imposed target-group specific delivery. The continuous arrows
pointing toward the left, along these delivery paths, are intended
to illustrate that these target-group specific supplements
3.2.1-3.2.3 can also be transported to other stations or envelope
products. With an assembly operation of this type, it is
advantageous if the envelope products 1.3.1; 1.3.2; 1.3.3 are
marked individually and the original products 1.1.1-1.1.3 are thus
replaced. The target-group specific production 3.3 can also
transfer its supplements directly to the first assembling device 4
in which these supplements are then integrated with the original
envelope products 1.1.1-1.1.3 as needed.
[0062] The invention has been described in detail with respect to
various embodiments, and it will now be apparent from the foregoing
to those skilled in the art, that changes and modifications may be
made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects,
and the invention, therefore, as defined in the appended claims, is
intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall
within the true spirit of the invention.
* * * * *