U.S. patent application number 13/257141 was filed with the patent office on 2012-03-22 for wind jet turbine.
Invention is credited to Shamel A. Bersiek.
Application Number | 20120068670 13/257141 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42739958 |
Filed Date | 2012-03-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120068670 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Bersiek; Shamel A. |
March 22, 2012 |
WIND JET TURBINE
Abstract
A wind jet turbine with a housing that creates an air density
deferential between the air within the housing and the wind passing
outside the housing in order to generate the same or more
electrical power in less space than traditional wind turbines.
Inventors: |
Bersiek; Shamel A.; (Laguna
Hills, CA) |
Family ID: |
42739958 |
Appl. No.: |
13/257141 |
Filed: |
March 16, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
March 16, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US10/27531 |
371 Date: |
November 28, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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61210215 |
Mar 16, 2009 |
|
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61173889 |
Apr 29, 2009 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
322/30 ;
290/55 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F03D 1/025 20130101;
F03D 9/25 20160501; F05B 2240/133 20130101; Y02E 10/72 20130101;
F03D 80/00 20160501; F05B 2220/7066 20130101; H02K 7/183 20130101;
Y02E 10/725 20130101; F03D 1/04 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
322/30 ;
290/55 |
International
Class: |
H02P 9/48 20060101
H02P009/48; F03D 9/00 20060101 F03D009/00 |
Claims
1. A wind jet turbine, comprising: a housing; an at least one set
of fan blades located within the housing and secured to a hub; and
a plurality of magnets located at tips of at least a portion of the
set of fan blades, where a flux generated by the plurality of
magnets is altered in relation to at least one coil in response to
rotation of the at least one set of fan blades and the flux passing
through the at least one coil results in generation of electrical
current.
2. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, where the housing has a first
housing portion and a second housing portion, where the at least
one set of fan blades resides in the first housing portion and a
second set of fan blades resides in a second housing portion.
3. The wind jet turbine of claim 2, where the first housing portion
and the second housing portion define a space that allows entry of
fluid from outside the wind jet turbine to enter the second housing
portion.
4. The wind jet turbine of claim 3, where a third set of fan blades
is located in the first housing portion.
5. The wind jet turbine of claim 4, where the third set of fan
blades rotate in an opposite direction from the at least one set of
fan blades.
6. The wind jet turbine of claim 3, where a fourth set of fan
blades is located in the second housing portion.
8. The wind jet turbine of claim 6, where the fourth set of fan
blades rotate in an opposite direction from the second set of fan
blades.
9. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, where a first set of fan blades
make up the at least one set of fan blades and each blade of the
first set has a first blade portion that covers less than an area
defined between the hub and the tip.
10. The wind jet turbine of claim 9, where the area covered is 50%
or less.
11. The wind jet turbine of claim 10, where the second set of
blades that make up the second set of fan blades has fan blades
that cover a portion of the area not covered by the first blade
portion.
12. The wind jet turbine of claim 9, where each of the fan blades
in the first set of fan blades moves in response to the rotation of
the fan blades.
13. The wind jet turbine of claim 12, where the fan blades are in a
first position when at rest.
14. The wind jet turbine of claim 13, where a spring biases the fan
blades in the first position.
15. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, where the plurality of magnets
is a plurality of permanent magnets.
16. The wind jet turbine of claim 15, where each of the permanent
magnets is biased in a first position when the fan blades are at
rest.
17. The wind jet turbine of claim 16, where a spring biases each of
the permanent magnets in the first position.
18. The wind jet turbine of claim 15, where the permanent magnets
change position with rotation of the at least one set of fan
blades.
19. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, where the plurality of magnets
is a plurality of induced magnets.
20. The wind jet turbine of claim 19, where a variable current is
used by the induced magnets and is associated with wind speed.
21. The wind jet turbine of claim 20, where the variable current is
generated by a generator.
22. The wind jet turbine of claim 20, where the generator is
powered by the wind jet turbine.
23. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, were the generation of an
electrical current is generation of direct current (DC).
24. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, where the generation of
electrical current is controlled by a controller to generate an
alternating current (AC) current directly.
25. The wind jet turbine of claim 24, where the controller controls
turning on and off current to the induced magnets.
26. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, where the housing has a
decreasing diameter.
27. The wind jet turbine of claim 1, where the housing has a shape
that results in a vacuum at one end of the housing.
28. A method of generating current with a wind jet turbine,
comprising, turning a first set of fan blades in a first direction
within a housing in response to a fluid entering a first opening;
controlling flux generated by magnets located at the tips of the
fan blades in the first set of fan blades; and generating a current
in response to the first set of fan blades that rotate within a
main coil.
29. The method of claim 28, where controlling the flux generated by
the magnets further includes, changing the position of the magnets
in response to the rotation of the first set of fan blades and
where the magnets are permanent magnets.
30. The method of claim 29, where the changing the position of the
magnets further includes, extending a spring that is coupled
between each of the permanent magnets and the fan blades in the
first set of fan blades in response to the rotation.
31. The method of claim 28, where controlling the flux includes:
inducing an induction current in a coil at the tips of the fan
blades in the first set of fan blades; and generating the flux in
response to the induction current.
32. The method of claim 31, where controlling the flux further
includes altering the induction current in response to the rotation
of the first set of fan blades.
33. The method of claim 32, where the altering of the induction
current is associated with the current generated being alternating
current.
33. The method of claim 28, where the fluid is air.
34. The method of claim 28, where the fluid is water.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent
Application, Ser. No. 61/210,215, titled WIND JET TURBINE, filed on
Mar. 16, 2009, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application, Ser. No.
61/173,889, titled WIND JET TURBINE II, filed on Apr. 29, 2009, all
of which are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention generally relates to a power
generation device/generator and more specifically relates to power
generating devices with rotational blades.
[0004] 2. Related Art
[0005] Wind turbines are traditionally designed to capture the wind
via rotating blades that turn a generator unit located at the
center or hub of the blades. The power produced by this type of
generator is proportional to the wind velocity, swept area, and air
density (Power=0.5.times.Swept Area.times.Air
Density.times.Velocity.sup.3). Unfortunately, traditional wind
turbines are expensive, inefficient and occupy a considerable
amount of space. Traditionally, wind power devices have utilized
many different technologies for blades, gearboxes, and electrical
generators, but still produce limited amount of power due to the
fact that all the designs are basically similar and follow the same
generator principles, namely traditional three bladed propeller
windmill designs.
[0006] Several companies make three bladed propeller windmills or
wind turbines. The three bladed wind turbines are designed to
capture the wind via the three rotating blades that turn a
generator unit located in the center of the blades. Thus, the three
blade wind turbines produce electrical power by rotational torque
that is created by the surface area of the blades. The most
effective part of the blades is the portion that travels through
the greatest volume of air. That part is found at the tips of the
blades. Unfortunately the three-bladed turbine blade tips surface
area calculates to be less than 10% of the total surface area.
[0007] It would be useful to produce power using rotating blades in
a small footprint while increasing the effective part of the blades
in order to produce two to five times the power as traditional
devices while occupying the same space as the traditional three
bladed wind turbines.
SUMMARY
[0008] The present blade design is unique with the total area of
the blades being located on the outside 50% of the assembly while
eliminating the inner 50%, thus reducing the total weight of the
blades. By eliminating the inner 50% of the blades, this invention
introduces a "ported" aerodynamic system which allows the inner 50%
of the wind to pass though the first blades of the wind jet turbine
without interruption and the outer 50% to be angularly redirected.
The blade shape creates a Venturi effect that causes the wind speed
to increase while passing through the ported center section of the
wind jet turbine. The combination of the increased inner wind speed
and the redirected outer wind speed of the air leaving the turbine
may result in an unchanged wind speed at the tail end of the wind
jet turbine. Betz law was created in 1919 and published in 1926 and
is used to calculate the power output of a wind turbine by the
differential wind speed entering and leaving the wind turbine or
blades. Betz law defines 0.59% as being the limit of the amount of
power that may be derived from an air mass passing through the
swept diameter of a rotor or blade.
[0009] Thus, an increase in power production is achieved when the
wind speed is significantly unchanged between entering and leaving
the wind jet turbine. Additionally, the wind jet turbine eliminates
the aerodynamic bubble that typically forms over the wind turbines.
This approach also eliminates Betz law from applying to the entire
wind jet turbine. Rather Betz law only applies to each blade
individually in the wind jet turbine.
[0010] The wind jet turbine may be designed with blades contained
within a housing that maximizes wind capturing and effective
striking area. The electric generator may be designed to reduce
losses and increase efficiency. The power generation in the
generator section may be based on a new principle for generating
power in a rotating machine. The principals utilizes magnets in
combination with duration and electric cancellation all combined in
one system to generate electrical power. The new approach may be
called Magnetic Width Modulation (MWM). The MWM principle may be
applied to motors, generators or any machine where magnetic
variation is employed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale,
emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of
the invention. In the figures, like reference numerals designate
corresponding parts throughout the different views.
[0012] FIG. 1 shows a perspective and diagrammatical view of an
embodiment of the wind jet turbine in accordance with an example
implementation of the present invention.
[0013] FIG. 2 shows a perspective and diagrammatical view of
multiple embodiments of the wind jet turbine of FIG. 1 on a single
structure or pole in accordance with an example implementation of
the present invention.
[0014] FIG. 3 shows a perspective and diagrammatical view of an
embodiment of the rotating blades of the wind jet turbine of FIG. 1
in accordance with an example implementation of the present
invention.
[0015] FIG. 4 shows a perspective and diagrammatical view of an
embodiment of the main blade biased by a spring in the wind jet
turbine of FIG. 1 in accordance with an example implementation of
the present invention.
[0016] FIG. 5 shows a perspective and diagrammatical view of an
embodiment of the magnet at the end of each rotating blade in the
wind jet turbine of FIG. 1 in accordance with an example
implementation of the present invention.
[0017] FIG. 6 shows a perspective and diagrammatical view of an
embodiment of the permanent magnet and spring at the end of each
rotating blade of wind jet turbine of FIG. 1 in accordance with an
example implementation of the present invention.
[0018] FIG. 7 shows a diagrammatical view representation of the
main generator power core and windings of wind jet turbine in
accordance with an example implementation of the present
invention.
[0019] FIG. 8 shows a diagrammatical view representation of the
wave form of a variable width magnet signal generated by the wind
jet turbine of FIG. 1 in accordance with an example implementation
of the present invention.
[0020] FIG. 9 shows a diagrammatical view representation of the
main generator power core and windings for generating Direct
Current (DC) power from the wind jet turbine of FIG. 1 in
accordance with an example implementation of the present
invention.
[0021] FIG. 10 shows a diagrammatical view representation of the
main generator power core and windings example of the generating
Alternating Current (AC) from the wind jet turbine of FIG. 1 shows
accordance with another example implementation of the present
invention.
[0022] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of the control circuit for
sensing, reporting and controlling the transistor firing for the
induced magnet coils in accordance with an example implementation
of the present invention.
[0023] FIG. 12 shows a diagram depicting a "U" shaped rotor and the
stator coils together in an assembly in accordance with an example
implementation of the present invention.
[0024] FIG. 13 shows a flow diagram of the generation of current by
the wind jet turbine of FIG. 1 in accordance with an example
implementation of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] Unlike the known approaches previously discussed, a wind jet
turbine as disclosed herein overcomes the above limitations. For
example, one of the implementation of this wind jet turbine may be
a wind turbine in a wind farm. The physical size for the grid
application wind jet turbine may be from a few feet to hundreds of
feet. Another example application of a wind jet turbine may be for
residential use to generate power for building in the range of 1-2
Kilowatt to a few Megawatts. The physical size of residential and
commercial wind jet turbines may be from a foot to several feet
(such as 20 feet).
[0026] Another application of a wind jet turbine may be generating
power for vehicles, boats, planes and/or any moving vehicle with
the generated power in the Kilowatt range. The physical size of a
vehicle wind jet turbine would be from a few inches to a few feet.
Furthermore, the approach for generating power with the wind jet
turbine is not limited to wind, but may be employed with any
current or mass (i.e., fluid--where fluid includes wind) that can
produce force to rotate the blades, such as water. The wind jet
turbine may also be used to produce power for emergencies, such as
backup power for a building.
[0027] The housing and blade design may generate power by rotating
a standard power generator, for example, with a rotor and stator
such as in a conventional diesel generator or may generate power by
utilizing Magnetic Width Modulation (MWM) or direct current (DC)
generation approaches.
[0028] Turning to FIG. 1, a perspective and diagrammatical cut view
of an embodiment of a wind jet generator 100 in accordance with an
example implementation of the present invention is shown. The wind
jet generator 100 may have a housing 102 and one or more metal
winding 106, 108, 110, and 112 integrated in the housing 102. In
other implementations, the metal windings 106, 108, 110 and 112 may
be located within the housing 102 or upon the housing 102. The
housing 102 may also have a fin 104 that aids in turning the wind
jet generator 100 into the wind. The housing 102 or other mounting
area may be rotatably mounted to a pole 112 or other support
structure.
[0029] One or more sets of blades, such as stage one blades 114,
stage two blades 116, stage three blades 118, and stage four blades
120, may be rotatably secured within the housing. The sets of
blades may be secured to a single shaft as shown in FIG. 1 or
individually to smaller shafts in other implementations. The sets
of blades, such as 114, 116, 118, and 120, may each be secured to a
respective hub (i.e., set of blades 114 secured to hub122) that may
also rotate around an inner set of metal windings 124. Each blade
in a set of blades may have an outer blade tip area 126 that may be
magnetic or electro-magnetic. The blades may have fan portions that
do not fully extend from the hub to the blade tips as in the
present example implementation, or in other implementations the fan
blades may extend fully from the hub to the blade tips.
[0030] Maximum power relative to the amount of wind velocity
occupying a relatively small area compared to traditional three
blade wind turbines is achieved with the wind jet turbine 100. The
housing 102 of the wind jet turbine 100 may be divided into two
sections, section A 128 and section B 130. In other
implementations, the housing may be made of only one section or
more than two sections. Section A 128 of housing 102 captures the
wind and directs it to the stage one blades 114 and stage two
blades 116. In some implementations, the stage one blades 114 may
rotate in a direction opposite of the stage two blades 116. Section
B 130 captures the wind coming through section A 128 in combination
with outside wind directed through an opening132 formed between
sections A 128 and B 130.
[0031] Section B 130 captures the wind and directs it to the stage
three blades 118 and stage four blades 120. In some
implementations, stage three blades 118 may rotate in the same
direction as stage one blades 114 and stage four blades 120 may
rotate in the same direction as stage two blades 116. The wind
striking the areas of the blades in combination with the counter
rotating blades increases wind capturing while increasing the
stability within the wind jet turbine.
[0032] The shape of the housing 102 increases the wind speed and
increases the air density inside the wind jet turbine while
creating a density deferential between the air within the housing
102 and the outside passing wind. The air density increases the
power of the wind inside of the housing when striking the blades in
accordance to the formula (Power=0.5.times.Swept Area.times.Air
Density.times.Velocity.sup.3).
[0033] The interior section of the housing 102 may be configured or
formed to capture the wind through a large opening area 132 and
direct the wind through the interior of a decreased diameter area
(see B 130 of FIG. 1). The decreasing diameter and area of the
interior section results in wind speed and wind density being
increased which translates into increased power.
[0034] The housing 102 of FIG. 1 increase the distance of travel of
the wind around the exterior of the housing 102 and creates the
wind speed differential between the interior and the exterior of
the wind jet turbine. This differential creates or results in a
vacuum at the tail end of the housing 102 and increases the speed
of the wind traveling through the interior section. The increased
pressure and wind speed in the interior of the housing 102 compared
to the lower pressure on the exterior of the housing 102 results in
more stability of the total structure of the wind jet turbine.
[0035] The blade tip surface area 126 may be increased, for
example, 20 to 1000 times, compared to traditional wind turbines of
similar size. This increase of the outer blade tip surface area
goes through a tremendous volume of wind and creates extremely high
torque. The blade design of FIG. 1 is unique as the total area of
the blades is located on the outside 50% of the blades assembly
eliminating the inner 50%, thus reducing the total weight of the
blades. By eliminating the inner 50% of the blades the current
approach introduces a ported aerodynamic system that allows the
inner 50% of the wind entering the housing 102 to pass though the
wind jet turbine without interruption and the outer 50% to be
angularly redirected.
[0036] The blade design creates a Venturi effect that causes the
wind speed to increase while passing through the ported center
section of the housing 102 of the wind jet turbine 100. The
combination of the increased inner wind speed and the redirected
outer wind speed leaving the turbine results in an unchanged wind
speed at the tail end (end with tail 104) of the wind jet
turbine.
[0037] Betz law was published in 1926 and defined 0.59% as being
the limit of the amount of power that may be derived from an air
mass passing through a swept diameter of a rotor. Betz law
calculates the power output of a traditional wind turbine by the
differential wind speed entering and leaving the turbine or blades.
The wind jet turbine approach thus results in tremendous power
production with a relatively unchanged wind speed entering and
leaving. In addition, the current wind jet turbine approach
eliminates the aerodynamic bubble that typically forms over wind
turbines by having the wind speed entering and leaving the wind jet
turbine approximately equal. The wind jet turbine approach also
eliminates Betz law from applying to the entire wind jet turbine.
Rather, Betz law applies only to each blade of the wind jet turbine
individually.
[0038] With Betz law applying to each blade of the wind jet turbine
individually instead of relating to the overall turbine and blade
diameter, advancement in technology of wind turbine design is
achieved. By using the standard formula Lf.times.Wp=Fp (Leverage
feet.times.Wing pounds=Food pounds), multiplying the foot pounds of
torque times the number of wings in turbine to find the total power
of the wind turbine resulting in a total power formula of:
Total power=(Lf.times.Wp).times.number of wings.
[0039] By having high number of aerodynamic blade tips at the
farthest distance from the center of rotation (blade tips 126), the
wind jet turbine 100 is able to convert wind energy exerted on
individual wings in the sets of blades (114, 116, 118, 120) into
high torque leverage resulting in higher power output than
traditional wind turbines of similar size.
[0040] The wind jet turbine blades of a large wind jet turbine n
accordance withy the present invention weigh only in hundreds
pounds each compared to the traditional large three-bladed turbines
that weigh thousands of pounds each. The present invention
introduces lighter weight blades and structure that can rotate at
higher RPM, for example, three to four times the RPM of traditional
wind turbines without affecting the stability of the total
assembly. This added stability at high RPMs eliminates the need for
a transmission/gearbox and at the same time takes advantage of the
RPM increase to produce additional power. Furthermore, the lighter
blades may be made lighter with the use of light weight materials,
such as aluminum or plastic.
[0041] For example, if a traditional wind turbine has a 25 foot
radius and captures 100 pounds of force per blade at a 20 mph wind
speed, then the total torque is:
25 Lf.times.100.times.3 Wp=7,500 f.lb.
In the present wind jet turbine approach, with a 25 feet radius
(housing 102 front opening), 21 blades and 100 pound of force at a
20 mph wind speed the torque is;
25 Lf.times.100.times.21 Wp=52,500 f.lb.
By using the formula:
Power (kW)=(Torque.times.2.times.3.14.times.Rpm)/60000,
the present approach introduces a high torque wind jet turbine that
is small in diameter and high in RPM. The wind jet turbine produces
seven times the torque and three to four times the RPM and results
in 21-28 times more power than traditional wind turbines of similar
size.
[0042] In FIG. 2, a perspective and diagrammatical view of an
embodiment 200 with multiple wind jet turbines 202, 204, 206, and
208 coupled to a single structure or pole 210 in accordance with an
example implementation of the present invention is shown. The
counter rotating blades increase the stability of the wind jet
turbines 202, 204, 206, and 208, allowing for grouping them in
close proximity to each other and sharing a support structure, such
as pole 210. A greater number of wind jet turbines may also be
placed in the same space foot print as a single traditional wind
turbine. Each of the wind jet turbines 202, 204, 206, and 208 may
have a tail that aids in keeping the wind jet turbines 202, 204,
206, and 208 facing into the wind. In other implementations, one or
more fins may be located on the support structure rather than on
the wind jet turbines.
[0043] Turning to FIG. 3, a perspective and diagrammatical view of
an embodiment of the rotating blades of the wind jet turbine in
accordance with an example implementation of the present invention
is shown. The blades of the wind jet turbine are designed to adapt
to any wind speeds from one mph to 250 mph. Three types of
aerodynamic principles are employed by the wind jet turbine: (1)
compression with the wing blades design, (2) vacuum with the
outside aerodynamic body design; and (3) angle of attack with the
variable blade pitch angle. Stage one blades 114 may be similar to
stage three blades 118, but with the blades going in opposite
directions. Stage two blades may be similar to stage four blades
but with the blades also going in opposite directions.
[0044] The wind jet turbine 100 enhances the efficiency of the
blades by utilizing multiple blades, for example, from 20 to 1000
blades. The multiple blades and reduced inner blade area increases
the effectiveness of the wind striking areas of all blades in all
stages, for example, by eliminating the inside 50% of the blades in
all stages (114, 116, 118, and 120) or eliminating the inside 50%
of stage one blades 114 and stage three blades 118 and the middle
to outside 50% of stage two blades 116 and stage four blades 120.
This allows significant air to pass through the center of and the
sides of the blades so an aerodynamic bubble does not form over the
wind jet turbine 100 and eliminates Betz law from applying to the
entire wind jet turbine. Each blade of the wind jet turbine in the
current example has a 0.59% Betz limit.
[0045] In FIG. 4, a perspective and diagrammatical view of an
embodiment of a blade 400 and spring 402 assembly for the example
wind jet turbine 100 is shown. Each of the blades in a set of
blades may be designed with two sections; both sections may be
concaved in the same direction creating a bird's wing type of
blade. The blade's inner surface area increases the wind capturing
area and the outer surface reduces the drag as the blades are
rotating.
[0046] The blades of the different stages of fan blades (114, 116,
118, and 120) may also be designed with springs and shafts. Each
fan blade, such as blade 404, is able to pivot on a rod or support
406 that may be next to the shaft 408. A spring 402 or other
resistance producing device may bias the fan blade 404 in a first
position or resting position. The spring 402 may be formed so that
a blade 404 opens or move as the wind speed increases. For example,
the blade may move from an eighty-five degree wind angle to a five
degree wind angle as the speed of wind increases from one mile an
hour to two-hundred and fifty miles per hour.
[0047] The blades of the wind jet turbine may generate power with
an electric generator. The power coils and magnets may be wired
differently within the same housing to generate either Alternating
Current (AC) on Direct Current (DC) sources. The electric generator
is designed to reduce losses and increase efficiency. The power
generation in the generator section is based on a new principal of
generating power in a rotating machine utilizing the principals of
magnets in combination with duration and electric cancellation
called Magnetic Width Modulation (MWM). The MWM principle may be
applied to motors, generation or any machine where magnetic
variation is needed.
[0048] Turning to FIG. 5, a perspective and diagrammatical view 500
of an embodiment of an induced magnet 502 at the end of each
rotating blade of wind jet turbine 100 in accordance with an
example implementation is shown. The wind jet turbine 100 may use
main permanent magnets and/or induced magnets 502 located at the
tip of the blades. The main power coils 106, FIG. 1 may be located
on or in the housing 102 of the wind jet turbine. At the center of
the assembly and attached to the blades (for example, see 124, FIG.
1), a small magnetizing generator or power source may induce and
magnetize the cores that become the induced magnets 502 and
windings 504 located on the tip of each blade. The induction or
magnetizing of the core 502 may occur periodically and relative to
the rotational speed of the blades.
[0049] The magnetizing generator 124 or power source may be located
in the center of the wind jet turbine 100 and increases or
decreases the current delivered to the induced magnet coil 504 at
the tips of the blades relative to the rotational speed of the fan
blades (and magnetizing generator 124). The increasing or
decreasing of the magnetic strength which will increase or decrease
the power output of the wind jet turbine is thus modified with the
rotation of the fan blades. In other words, the increase and
decrease of current may be relative to the wind speed or velocity
and/or the rotation or rounds per minute (RPM) of the turning
blades.
[0050] Turning to FIG. 6, a perspective and diagrammatical view 600
of an embodiment of the permanent magnet 602 and spring 604 at the
end of each rotating blade 606 of wind jet turbine 100 in
accordance with an example implementation is shown. With the
permanent magnet 602 rotating within the windings (see 106, FIG.
1); the flux strength variation may be mechanically controlled by
increasing or decreasing the distance of the permanent magnets from
the main power coils (sometimes referred to as windings). The
permanent magnet 602 may be equipped with a variable or biasing
mechanism, such as spring 604, located at the blade end 606 that
moves in response to the centrifugal force of the blade and adjusts
and/or varies the distance of the permanent magnet 602 relative to
the main power coils 106 of FIG. 1. This will maximize the power
output of the wind jet turbine 100 at any speed by synchronizing
the magnetization strength introduced to the main power winding
coils 106 with the wind speed. This variable magnetization approach
enables the wind jet turbine 100 to harness the smallest amount of
wind more efficiently than traditional wind turbines.
[0051] In FIG. 7, a diagrammatical representation 700 of the main
generator power core and windings of wind jet turbine 100 in
accordance with an example implementation is shown. Induced magnets
(502 core and coil 504) may be located on the tips of the blades
606. The induced magnets may be powered by a small magnetizing
generator 702 placed in the center of the housing 102 (i.e., at a
hub) on a main shaft. The power from the magnetizing generator 702
may be varied in response to the wind speed and will magnetize the
windings on the tips of the blades relative to that response.
[0052] The magnetizing generator 702 may be a permanent magnet
generator that has power output directed though a variety of
silicon controlled rectifiers (SCR) and/or transistors controlled
by a control circuit. The control circuit may turn off and on the
SCRs and/or transistors and vary the firing timing in order to
produce the desired magnitude and proper frequency sequence. By
controlling the magnetic field passing through the stator winding,
full control of the generator output is achieved. This full control
allows for the maximizing of the power output of the wind jet
turbine 100 at any speed by synchronizing the wind speed with the
transistor firing timing. This control approach results in the
magnetization amplitude maximizing the power output of the wind jet
turbine 100.
[0053] The power coils, permanent magnets and/or induced magnets
may be wired differently within the same housing to produce
Alternating Current (AC) on Direct Current (DC) sources. The AC
power may be delivered to the load or a transformer and produce the
desired output for any grid, commercial, vehicle, sea vehicles, and
any other applications.
[0054] Turning to FIG. 8, a diagrammatical view representation 800
of the wave form of a variable width magnet signal 802 is shown.
The power coils, induced magnets and/or permanent magnets are
implemented as a variable magnetic wave generator. The variable
magnetic wave generator approach may be referred to as Magnetic
Width Modulation (MWM). The electronic control system will monitor
the generator output waveform 800 (for example, voltage, current,
and zero crossing of the waveforms) and the magnet or induced
magnet position in relation to the winding position. The electronic
control will initial a signal source relative to the waveform and
induced magnet position. The signal source is directed through an
electronic signal isolator and firing circuit to turn on and off
power transistors in a variable format to correct and keep the
output waveform 802 potential and frequency at the desired level.
The firing circuit is connected to the transistors that pass
through a current in variable form (in relation to the source
signal) to the windings in the induced magnets.
[0055] In FIG. 9, a diagrammatical view representation 900 of the
main generator power core and windings example of generating DC
power with the wind jet turbine 100 in accordance with an example
implementation is shown. The DC power may be delivered to the load
or to summing bus bars then to DC-to-DC and/or DC-to-AC converters
(i.e., a static converter, an inverter or electro-mechanical
converter such as a motor generator) and produce the desired AC or
DC output for any grid, commercial, vehicle, sea vehicles, or other
application.
[0056] The production of DC power may be achieved by utilizing the
magnets, such as magnet 902, in the blade tips crossing thought
multiple power coils 904. The power coils 904 may be arranged
and/or positioned to accept the negative and positive flux of the
magnets and redirect the current of both fluxes to produce one
current in one direction. This may be achieved by utilizing the
power coils connection arrangements and/or by using rectifiers 906,
such as diodes/SCRs, thus creating a positive DC waveform 908 from
an initial waveform 910 for both positive and negative magnetic
fluxes.
[0057] Turning to FIG. 10, a diagrammatical view representation
1000 of the main generator power core and windings 1002 of an
example wind jet turbine 100 generating AC power directly in
accordance with an example implementation is shown. The production
of AC power directly by the wind jet turbine 100 may be
accomplished by utilizing an approach of varying the time duration
of the magnetic field and associated magnetic flux introduced to
the power coils 1002. This may be achieved by utilizing either of
permanent magnet tips or induced magnet tips 1004. The varying
through time of the magnetic flux's amplitude and frequency results
in MWM and may have a waveform as shown in graph 1006. The changes
in the magnetic flux introduced to the magnetic winding 1002 on the
tip of the blades can be controlled and varied electronically or
mechanically to generate a waveform as shown in graph 1008.
[0058] The mechanical control of the MWM is preferably designed
with variable/different widths of flux-transmitting permanent,
induced magnets, and receiving power coils and cores. The
electrical control of the MWM is preferably applied to the
permanent magnet tips design and is preferably designed with an
electronic controlled circuit that produces on/off signals for the
transistors similar to Pulse Width Modulation in a predetermined
order that control the current flow to the induced magnets. This
control of the transistors produces a controlled flux amplitude and
duration at the tip of the blades in respect to time and rotation.
The reference signal 1010 senses the waveform amplitude, frequency
and zero crossing and then sends a reference signal back to the
controller. The controller utilizes the reference signal to correct
the firing signal going to the transistors, which in turn is fed to
the windings 1012 and 1014 as a phase power 1016.
[0059] Thus, the MWM approach is able to produce a clean AC
waveform. For example, the magnetic field duration changes through
time in an increasing then decreasing manner as shown in graph
1008. The magnetic flux changes its duration in the flux exchange
area, such as permanent magnet 1004, to main power coils or induced
magnets to the main power coils. For induced magnets, the flux
duration change may be accomplished by either increasing or
decreasing the power coil and core size/width of the flux exchange
area, and/or by the magnetization duration of the induced magnets
on the tips of the blades.
[0060] For permanent magnets, the flux duration change may be
achieved by either increasing or decreasing the power coil and core
size/width of the flux exchange area and/or by the reducing or
increasing the permanent magnets size and/or surface area on the
tips of the blades. The flux changing through time generates an
increasing and decreasing waveform width that when summed and
combined at higher frequency will results in a combined AC power
waveform.
[0061] In FIG. 11, a block diagram of the control circuit 1100 for
a sensing, reporting and control circuit of the transistor firing
for the induced magnets coils in accordance with an example
implementation of the present invention is shown. A controller 1102
is in communication with blade position sensors 1104, chasse
reference position sensors 1106, wave position sensors 1108, and
power sensors 1110 and 1112. The controller 1102 monitors the
sensors and generates control signals to the transistors, SRCs, or
other electrical switches that control the output power 1114. The
types of controls will vary depending on the type of current being
output by the wind jet turbine 100. The transistors, SCRs, or other
electrical switches 1114 may also be in communication with induced
magnet windings 1116 in order to adjust the flux of the induced
magnet. The controller 1102 may also be coupled to reporting
devices and ports, such as metering and communication block 1118.
The metering and communication block 1118 may contain internet
connections or modems for communicating with the controller and
accessing data along with storage, such as disk drives and memory
for storing operating data and metrics in a database for later
processing and reporting. The controller may be implemented as a
single control device, such as an embedded controller or digital
signal processor, a microprocessor, or a control and sensing board
made up of one or more of embedded controllers, digital signal
processors, microprocessor, display, and logic devices (discrete
and analog).
[0062] The blade position sensors 1104 may sense the blade/winding
position in relation to the induced magnet or magnet position and
sends the signal to the controller 1102. The waveform position
sensor 1108 may sense the current and voltage as it crosses the
zero position (the zero position is when the voltage is zero and/or
the current is zero) and transmits the signal to the controller
1102. The power sensors 1110 may monitor the output voltage and
current levels and send the signal to the controller 1102. The
metering board and communication block 1118 translates, transmits
and displays all power information and electrical operation of the
wind jet turbine 100. The controller 1102 may translate and
otherwise process all incoming signals from the blade sensor, wave
sensor, and power sensor boards. The controller 1102 may then send
the appropriate signals (on and off signals) to the transistor
and/or SCR electronic switch 1114 that controls the amount of
current, frequency and voltage of the induced magnets in relation
to the position of the magnets and waveforms.
[0063] Turning to FIG. 12, a drawing of a U-shaped rotor 1202 and
the stator coils 1204 together in one assembly in accordance with
an example implementation of the present invention is shown. The
physical arrangement of the generator, the number of turns and coil
sizes varies depends on the kW size of the wind turbine generator
100. The stator section of the permanent magnet and the MWM pulse
generator may be designed with coils that are coreless 1206. The
coils may be placed in a circular frame 1208 that is fixed to the
main assembly. The rotor of the generator may have permanent
magnets or induced magnets 1210 that are formed or set in a
U-shaped assembly facing each other with the positive side of one
permanent magnet or induced magnet facing the negative side of the
other permanent magnets or induced magnets. The U-shaped rotor
assembly allows the rotor to embody the stator section where the
coils will be passing through the U-shaped rotor and crossing the
magnetic field at an optimum angle.
[0064] In FIG. 13, a flow diagram 1300 of the generation of current
by the wind jet turbine of FIG. 1 in accordance with an example
implementation is shown. A housing that has at least one set of
blades 114, FIG. 1, turns in a first direction in response to a
force, such as wind or water passing over the set of blades 1302.
The flux generated by the magnets located at the tips of the fan
blades in the first set of fan blades is controlled or altered 1304
by altering the position of the magnets or if induced magnets are
employed, altering the induced current running through the coils of
the induced magnets. The altering of the induced current and the
direction of the winding of the coils of the induction magnets may
be controlled in a way to generate alternating current, such as
with MWM. As the flux generated by the magnets located at the tips
of the fan blades pass through the main coil, a current may be
generated 1306.
[0065] The magnets are described as being located at the tips of
the fan blade. The term "at the tips" may mean at the very end of
the fan blade, in a side of the fan blade at a region close to the
end of the fan blade, or attached to the blade at a region close to
the end of the fan blade.
[0066] The foregoing description of an implementation has been
presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not
exhaustive and does not limit the claimed inventions to the precise
form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light
of the above description or may be acquired from practicing the
invention. The claims and their equivalents define the scope of the
invention.
* * * * *