U.S. patent application number 13/039366 was filed with the patent office on 2012-03-08 for double offset surgical tool handle assembly having a locking linkage aligned along two different planes.
This patent application is currently assigned to Greatbatch Medical S.A.. Invention is credited to Jonas Burgi.
Application Number | 20120059359 13/039366 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 44009836 |
Filed Date | 2012-03-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120059359 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Burgi; Jonas |
March 8, 2012 |
Double Offset Surgical Tool Handle Assembly Having A Locking
Linkage Aligned Along Two Different Planes
Abstract
A surgical tool handle for releasable connection to a surgical
tool is described. The tool handle comprises a housing providing a
linkage chamber extending from a proximal housing grip end to a
distal housing tool end for receiving a surgical tool. A tool
linkage is partially housed within the housing linkage chamber
comprising an axial handle region extending along axis A-A and a
radiused housing region curving about a focal point. That way, a
locking pawl of the tool linkage changes planes from its proximal
end to a distal extending hook end. This provides a relatively
short connection to a surgical tool that is optimum in the tight
space requirements of a minimally invasive hip surgery.
Inventors: |
Burgi; Jonas; (Moutier,
CH) |
Assignee: |
Greatbatch Medical S.A.
Orvin
CH
|
Family ID: |
44009836 |
Appl. No.: |
13/039366 |
Filed: |
March 3, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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61310741 |
Mar 5, 2010 |
|
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|
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 2017/0046 20130101;
A61B 17/162 20130101; A61B 2017/00473 20130101; A61B 17/1668
20130101; A61B 17/1659 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
606/1 |
International
Class: |
A61B 17/00 20060101
A61B017/00 |
Claims
1. A surgical tool handle, which comprises: a) a housing providing
a linkage chamber extending from a proximal housing grip end to a
distal housing tool end for receiving a tool; b) a tool linkage at
least partially housed within the linkage chamber, the tool linkage
comprising: i) a handle lever attached to the housing by a proximal
housing pivot pin to thereby provide a first pivotable connection
between the tool linkage and the housing; ii) a locking pawl
attached to the housing by a distal housing pivot pin to thereby
provide a second pivotable connection between the tool linkage and
the housing; and iii) a main linkage comprising a proximal main
linkage end connected by a first free pivot pin to the handle lever
adjacent to the proximal housing end in a third pivotable
connection and a distal main linkage end connected by a second free
pivot pin to the locking pawl adjacent to the distal housing end in
a fourth pivotable connection; and c) wherein the handle lever is
pivotable about the proximal housing pivot pin from a first, opened
position spaced a maximum distance along a range of motion from the
proximal housing end to a second, closed position spaced at a
closer distance along the range of motion relative to the proximal
housing end than the first position to thereby cause the main
linkage, connected to the handle lever by the first free pivot pin,
to move in a proximal direction toward the proximal housing end, to
thereby cause the locking pawl, connected to the distal main
linkage end by the second free pivot pin, to pivot with respect to
the housing on the distal housing pivot pin from an open
configuration ready to receive a tool for attachment to the housing
to a closed configuration engageable with a tool supported at the
distal housing tool end.
2. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein the proximal housing
pivot pin is supported on the housing in a pair of catch recesses
at a position that is distal the proximal housing end, to pivotably
mount the handle lever to the housing.
3. The surgical tool handle of claim 2 wherein the proximal housing
pivot pin is selectively removable from the pair of catch recesses
provided in the housing.
4. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein the distal housing
pivot pin is not separable from the housing.
5. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein with the handle
lever in the second, closed position, the second pivotable
connection between the proximal main linkage end and the handle
lever at the first free pivot pin is more proximal than the first
pivotable connection of the handle lever and the housing at the
proximal housing pivot pin.
6. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein the distal housing
pivot pin pivotally supports the tool linkage for pivotable
movement, out of the linkage chamber for cleaning with the tool
linkage remaining connected to the housing at the second pivotable
connection of the distal housing pivot pin.
7. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein the tool linkage is
removably attached to the housing at the proximal housing pivot pin
by a linkage lock mechanism such that when the linkage lock
mechanism is in a release position, the tool linkage is pivotable
out of the linkage chamber for cleaning with the tool linkage
remaining connected to the housing at the second pivotable
connection of the distal housing pivot pin.
8. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein linkage lock
mechanism comprises a base plate supporting a pair of side-by-side
pins that are received in the housing to block release of the
proximal housing pivot pin from removal out of a pair of catch
recesses on the housing.
9. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein a proximal section
of the housing is aligned along an axis A-A and a radiused housing
section curves about a focal point.
10. The surgical tool handle of claim 9 wherein the radiused
housing section curves either in a rightward or a leftward
direction with respect to the axis A-A.
11. The surgical tool handle of claim 9 wherein the housing
comprises a bottom wall that is planar along the axial housing
section, but not the radiused housing section.
12. The surgical tool handle of claim 9 wherein the locking pawl is
disposed within a distal neck portion of the housing, the distal
neck portion being disposed along an axis B-B that is parallel to,
but spaced from, the axis A-A.
13. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein a strike plate is
attached to the housing at the proximal housing end.
14. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein a reinforcing
extension is provided at the distal housing tool end to reinforce a
connection between the handle and a surgical tool.
15. The surgical tool handle of claim 1 wherein the locking pawl
changes planes from a proximal locking pawl end to a distal
extending hook end engageable with a surgical tool.
16. A kit, comprising: a) a container; b) a surgical tool handle
according to claim 1, wherein the surgical tool handle is disposed
within the container; and c) a tool to be connected to the surgical
tool handle, wherein the tool is selected from a group consisting
of broaches, rasps, reamers, angled drivers, twist drills, flexible
drills, cannulated drills, bayonet drills, bayonet taps, drill
guides, adjustable angle drill guides, taps, and cannulated
taps.
17. The kit of claim 16 comprising instructions for connecting the
tool to the surgical tool handle.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. provisional
application Ser. No. 61/310,741, filed on Mar. 5, 2010.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to surgical tools for aiding in the
installation of orthopedic prostheses in patients. More
particularly, the present invention relates to an easily
sterilizable handle assembly for use with a surgical tool in
preparing a bone site, and for use in installing a prosthesis in
the bone.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Complicated surgical tool handles typically have crevices
and recesses that are difficult to clean with relative ease without
disassembly into separate component parts. Tool handles that are
not properly cleaned and sterilized increase the risk of disease
transfer from patient to patient. This is especially true following
the emergence of certain "prions" that are not killed by normal
hospital sterilization. A prion is a type of infectious agent made
only of protein.
[0004] Further, in surgical procedures in which access to the
treatment site is limited, it is difficult to use current solutions
without subjecting the patient to repeated abrasion and tissue
trauma when inserting and extracting surgical instruments.
[0005] Additionally, the insertion of a prosthetic implant is often
problematic, and the orientation of the implant in a properly
prepared recess is often critical to minimize recovery time of the
patient. Still further, once the appropriate position of the tool
is selected, it is often difficult to ensure that the position does
not change upon insertion of the assembly through the incision.
[0006] It would be beneficial, therefore, to have an orthopedic
tool handle that easily connects to a surgical tool, and that is
readily adjustable, disassemblable, and cleanable. Additionally, it
would be beneficial if the tool were partially disassembled for
cleaning without the need to completely the component parts of the
handle from each other. Further, it would be beneficial to have a
handle that enables the surgeon to better maneuver and position a
tool head to facilitate preparing a bone site to receive a
prosthetic implant in a particular angular orientation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] A surgical tool handle aids a surgeon in controlling the use
of a tool during surgery, for example, during preparation of a
femoral cavity for reception of hip joint prosthesis. The present
invention is such a surgical tool handle, but adapted to facilitate
sterilization. That way, the present toll handle allows for partial
disassembly to facilitate sterilization, while remaining loosely
intact to prevent the separation of component parts from the device
as a whole.
[0008] The present surgical handle comprises a housing providing a
linkage chamber housing a tool linkage. The housing extends from a
proximal housing grip end to a distal housing tool end for
receiving a tool. The tool linkage comprising: a handle lever
attached to the housing by a proximal housing pivot pin to thereby
provide a first pivotable connection between the tool linkage and
the housing; a locking pawl attached to the housing by a distal
housing pivot pin to thereby provide a second pivotable connection
between the tool linkage and the housing; an inverted linkage
comprising a proximal inverted linkage end and a distal inverted
linkage end connected by a first free pivot pin to the handle lever
to thereby provide a third pivotable connection; and a main linkage
comprising a proximal main linkage end connected by a second free
pivot pin to the proximal inverted linkage end adjacent to the
proximal housing end in a fourth pivotable connection and a distal
main linkage end connected by a third free pivot pin to the locking
pawl adjacent to the distal housing end in a fifth pivotable
connection.
[0009] During use, the handle lever is pivotable about the proximal
housing pivot pin from a first, opened position spaced a maximum
distance along a range of motion from the proximal housing end to a
second, closed position spaced at a closer distance along the range
of motion relative to the proximal housing end than the first
position. This movement causes the inverted linkage, connected to
the handle lever by the first free pivot pin, to move in a proximal
direction to thereby move the main linkage, connected to the
inverted linkage at the second free pivot pin, in a proximal
direction toward the proximal housing end. This causes the locking
pawl, connected to the distal main linkage end by the third free
pivot pin, to pivot with respect to the housing on the distal
housing pivot pin from an open configuration ready to receive a
surgical tool for attachment to the housing to a closed
configuration engageable with a surgical tool supported at the
distal housing tool end.
[0010] In that respect, the present handle assembly is an adapted
instrument used to prepare a cavity of the femur during a minimally
invasive hip surgery. For that purpose, the handle assembly is
adapted for an anterior approach where the locking pawl that
detachably connects to a surgical tool, such as a rasp handle,
changes planes from its proximal to distal ends. This provides a
relatively short connection to the surgical tool that is optimum in
the tight space requirements of a minimally invasive surgery.
[0011] These features of the present invention will be apparent
upon consideration of the following detailed description in
connection with the following drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a surgical tool handle
assembly 10 according to the present invention connected to a
surgical tool 12.
[0013] FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the handle assembly 10
shown in FIG. 1 connected to a surgical tool 12.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a plan view of the handle assembly 10 of FIG. 1
connected to a surgical tool 12 and showing alternate right and
left bend embodiments.
[0015] FIG. 4 is a broken-away view of the handle assembly 10 shown
in FIG. 1 prior to connection to a surgical tool 12.
[0016] FIG. 5 is a side, cross-sectional view of the handle
assembly 10 prior to connection to the surgical tool 12.
[0017] FIG. 6 is a side, cross-sectional view of the handle
assembly 10 after having been connected to the surgical tool
12.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0018] Turning now to the drawings, FIGS. 1 to 6 illustrate a
surgical tool handle assembly 10 according to the present
invention. The handle assembly 10 is shown connected to a surgical
broach or rasp 12 for performing a minimally invasive hip
replacement surgery. Other tools useful with the handle assembly 10
include, but are not limited to, reamers, angled drivers, twist
drills, flexible drills, cannulated drills, bayonet drills, bayonet
taps, drill guides, adjustable angle drill guides, taps, and
cannulated taps.
[0019] The handle assembly 10 generally comprises a linkage train
14 disposed within a housing 16. The housing 16 had a length that
extends from a proximal housing section 18 to a distal neck section
20 with an intermediate housing section 22 there between. The
intermediate housing section 22 comprises spaced apart right and
left side walls 24 and 26 extending upwardly from a bottom wall 28
to an upper opening 30.
[0020] A unique feature of the present handle assembly 10 is that
the intermediate housing section 22 is further comprised of an
axial housing region 22A aligned along the axis A-A and a radiused
housing region 22B. As particularly shown in FIG. 3, the radiused
housing region 225 provides the side walls 24, 26 with a radiused
contour centered about a focal point 32, 32'. The radiused housing
region 22B can curve in either a leftward direction or a rightward
direction (shown in dashed lines). This construction provides the
intermediate section 22 having a linkage chamber with a generally
U-shaped cross-section perpendicular to axis A-A and along the
curvature of the radiused region 22B extending from the proximal
housing section 18. The bottom wall 28 is planar along the proximal
housing section 18 and the axial housing region 22A. Further, the
intermediate housing section 22 not only curves either to the right
or left, depending on the embodiment, but downwardly along the
radiused region 22B as well.
[0021] A pair of aligned slots 34A, 34B, serving 2S catch recesses,
extends from the upper opening 30 part-way into the height of the
respective side walls 24, 26. A recess 36 is provided in the bottom
wall 28 vertically below the aligned slots 34A, 34B. A pair of
side-by-side vertical bores 38A, 38B (FIG. 3) extends from the
recess 36 to the upper edges of the side walls 24, 26 proximally,
but adjacent to the respective aligned slots 34A, 34B. The
significance of the aligned slots 34A, 34B, the recess 36, and the
vertical bores 38A, 38B will be discussed hereinafter.
[0022] The intermediate housing section 22 seamlessly meets the
proximal housing section 18 having a generally rectangular shape in
cross-section perpendicular to the axis A-A provided by the right
and left side walls 24, 26, the bottom side wall 28 and an upper
side wall 40. The upper side wall 40 is contoured to provide a
finger grip region 42 adjacent to a ledge 44. A strike plate 46 is
connected to the end of the proximal housing section 18.
[0023] The radiused region 22B of the intermediate housing section
22 extends in a downwardly direction until it meets the distal neck
section 20 aligned along a second axis B-B (FIGS. 1 and 3). Axis
B-B is parallel to, but spaced from, the axis A-A. In that manner,
the right and left side walls 24, 26 forming the intermediate
housing section 22 seamlessly extend distally and downwardly to
form the distal neck section 20 of the housing. However, the bottom
wall 28 ends spaced from the distal neck section 20. This provides
a distal lower open slot 48 (FIG. 5) that is vertically below that
portion of the upper opening 30 residing in the distal neck section
20. At the end of the distal neck section 20, the right and left
side walls 22, 26 meet a nose 50 (FIG. 4) supporting a reinforcing
extension 52 vertically below a nose opening 50A.
[0024] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the linkage train 14 resides
inside the housing 16 and comprises a handle lever 54, a main
linkage 56 and a locking pawl 58. The handle lever 54 includes a
distal head 60 supporting a main fulcrum pin 62 having opposed ends
extending outwardly from the handle lever head in an orientation
aligned perpendicular to axis A-A. The opposed ends of pin 62 are
received in the respective slots 34A, 34B while a proximal end 54A
of the handle lever 54 rests on ledge 44. Moving in a proximal
direction from the main fulcrum pin 62, the handle lever head 60
divides into spaced apart side walls 60A, 60B providing a gap there
between.
[0025] The main linkage 56 is an elongate member having a proximal
section 56A with its end received in the gap formed by the spaced
apart side walls 60A, 60B (FIG. 6) of the handle head 60. The main
linkage 56 is pivotably connected to the handle head 60 by a pin 64
located proximally of the fulcrum pin 62 (FIG. 6).
[0026] The proximal section 56A of the main linkage 56 is aligned
with the axial region 22A of the intermediate housing section 22
along axis A-A. From there, and in a similar manner as the overall
contour of the intermediate housing section 22, the main linkage 56
curves into an intermediate radiused portion 56B that coincides
with the radiused region 22B of the intermediate housing section
until it forms into a distal portion 56C.
[0027] The locking pawl 58 is a relatively short member extending
from a forked proximal end 66 to an upwardly extending hook 68. The
proximal end 66 of the locking pawl 58 is pivotably connected to
the distal portion 56C of the main linkage 56 by a second pivot pin
70. Further, a housing pivot pin 72 extends through the locking
pawl 58 at an intermediate location between the proximal end 66 and
the upwardly extending hook 68. The opposed ends of the housing
pivot pin 72 are received in openings in the right and left housing
side walls 24, 26 flush with the respective outer surfaces thereof.
That way, the hook 68 of the locking pawl 58 is pivotable about a
range of motion with respect to the nose opening 50A of the housing
16.
[0028] With the linkage train 14 residing inside the right and left
side walls 24, 26 and the bottom wall 28 comprising the housing 16,
the main linkage 56 extends from the axial housing region 22A of
the intermediate housing section 22 at a position adjacent to the
proximal housing section 18, along the radiused housing region 22B
and to the distal housing neck section 20. The distal neck section
20 is where the main linkage 56 pivotably connects to the locking
pawl 58. Importantly, the locking pawl 58 changes planes from its
proximal end 66 to distal extending hook end 68. This provides a
relatively short connection to the surgical tool 12 that is optimum
in the tight space requirements of a minimally invasive
surgery.
[0029] As previously discussed, the proximal portion 56A of the
main linkage 54 is pivotably connected to the handle lever 52 at
the pivot pin 64, which is proximal of the main fulcrum pin 62
pivotably received in the respective slots 34A, 34B of the right
and left side walls 24, 26 of the housing 16.
[0030] As particularly shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 6, a linkage lock
mechanism 74 comprises a base plate 74A having a pair of opposed
upwardly extending blocking pins 74B, 74C supported thereon. When
the linkage train 14 resides in the housing 16 with the main
fulcrum pin 62 seated in the slots 34A, 34B, the linkage lock
mechanism 74 is moved into position with the blocking pins 74B, 74C
residing in the bores 38A, 38B in the respective side walls 24, 26.
With the base plate 74A seated in the housing recess 36, the distal
ends of the pins 74B, 74C extend upwardly beyond the upper edges of
the side walls 24, 26. These extending portions of pins 74B, 74C
block the fulcrum pin 62 and, consequently, the linkage train 14
from being removed from inside the housing 16. It should be noted
that the pivotable connection between the locking pawl 58 and the
distal neck section 20 of the housing 16 at pin 72 prevents the
linkage train 14 from being completely separate from the
housing.
[0031] Because they are supported on side walls comprising the
housing, the fulcrum pin 62 and the pivot pin 72 are referred to in
the claims as "housing pivot pins". That is regardless whether they
are intended to be removable from their supported relationship with
the housing, as in the case of fulcrum pin 62, or not, as in the
case of pivot pin 72. The other pivot pins 64 and 70 are referred
to as "free pivot pins". That is because those latter pivot pins
provide for pivotable movement, between the various linkage members
they connect together without being supported on the housing.
[0032] In use, the handle assembly 10 is detachably connectable to
a surgical tool 12, such as a broach or rasp, by lifting the handle
lever 54 in an upwardly direction (arrow 100, FIG. 5), away from
the housing ledge 44. Manipulation is aided by the finger recess
42. As the proximal end of the handle lever 54 moves upwardly, its
handle head 60 pivots on the fulcrum pin 62 received in the aligned
slots 34A, 34B. This movement causes the pivot pin 64 to move
upwardly and distally to a position essentially vertically aligned
directly above the fulcrum pin 62. The main linkage 56, pivotably
connected thereto at pin 64, follows along. This causes the distal
portion 56C of the main linkage 56 to move both forwardly or
proximally and upwardly between the housing side walls 24, 26. In
turn, the locking pawl 58 pivots on the housing pivot pin 72 (arrow
102) to move its hook portion 68 from a closely spaced relationship
with the housing nose opening 50A to a second position, spaced
further away from the nose opening than the first position.
[0033] As shown in the drawings, a surgical rasp 12, or similar
tool comprising a body designed to wear or cut bone and cartilage
by friction, is now mountable onto the handle assembly 10. The
surgical tool 12 is provided with an inlet 76 (FIG. 4) and an
extension 78 aligned vertically above the inlet. The inlet 76 is
sized and configured to receive the housing reinforcing nose 52 in
a snug, but slidable fit. The extension 78 is now received in the
nose opening 50A with a locking indentation 78A aligned with the
hook portion 68 of the locking pawl 58. A locked relationship
between the handle assembly 10 and the surgical tool 12 is affected
when the handle lever 54 is returned to its original position
(arrow 104, FIG. 6), resting against the ledge 44. This return
movement causes the lock pawl 58 to pivot on the housing pivot pin
70 (arrow 106) to move the hook portion 68 back to the closely
spaced relationship with the housing nose opening 50A, to thereby
reside in the indentation 78A of the surgical tool extension 78. As
the locking pawl 58 pivots back to its original position, the main
linkage 56 moves proximally. The surgical tool 12 is now firmly
locked and secured to the handle assembly 10 for use during a
surgical procedure.
[0034] As shown in FIG. 6, the drive train 14 is locked into
position once the first pivot pin 64 is proximal the fulcrum pivot
pin 62 in an "over center" relationship. The over center, locked
condition is indicated by arrow 80 as the gap between the two
dashed lined centered on pins 62 and 64 with respect to the center
of the second pivot pin 70. The surgical tool 12 is now firmly
locked and secured to the handle assembly 10 for use during a
surgical procedure.
[0035] The special relationship between the axial handle region 22A
extending along axis A-A and the radiused handle region 22B curving
about the focal point 32 (FIG. 3) is a unique feature of the
present handle assembly 10. This structure provides a relatively
short connection distance from the handle assembly 10 to the
surgical tool 12 that is optimum in the tight space requirements of
a minimally invasive surgery, such as a hip surgery.
[0036] To prepare the handle assembly 10 for cleaning and
sterilization, the linkage lock mechanism 74 is manipulated in a
direction away from the housing 16 until the blocking pins 74B, 74C
are completely removed from the bores 38A, 38B in the respective
side walls 24, 26. The linkage train 14 including the handle lever
54 and main linkage 56 is now pivotable out of the housing 16 about
housing pivot pin 72. The pivot pin 72 keeps the linkage train 14
from being completely separated from the housing 16. Thus, the
linkage train 14 is separable from the housing 16 in a manner that
is sufficient to clean and sterilize all of their parts without the
possibility of there being total separation of one for the other.
Total separation could easily lead to lost and misplaced parts.
[0037] The present invention further relates to the handle assembly
10 comprising part of a kit. Typically, a surgical kit comprises a
container, the handle assembly 10, and a surgical tool 12 to be
connected to the handle assembly. Representative surgical tools 12
include, but are not limited to, broaches, rasps, reamers, angled
drivers, twist drills, flexible drills, cannulated drills, bayonet
drills, bayonet taps, drill guides, adjustable angle drill guides,
taps, and cannulated taps. Instructions for connecting the surgical
tool to the handle assembly 10 are also typically provided with the
kit.
[0038] Additionally, the linkage train 14 and housing 16 are
preferably made of a durable material that can be washed and
sterilized (e.g., with high heat) to comply with sterilization
standards known in the art. In one embodiment, the linkage train 14
and housing 16 are made of metal, such as stainless or a super
alloy material. In another embodiment, they are made of a composite
material. Though the illustrated embodiment shows the housing 16 as
being one piece, in other embodiments it can be modular to
facilitate disassembly of the handle assembly 10.
[0039] Of course, the foregoing description is that of certain
features, aspects and advantages of the present invention, to which
various changes and modifications can be made without departing
from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Moreover, the
handle assembly need not feature all of the objects, advantages,
features and aspects discussed above. Thus, for example, those of
skill in the art will recognize that the invention can be embodied
or carried out in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage
or a group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily
achieving other objects or advantages as may be taught or suggested
herein. In addition, while a number of variations of the invention
have been shown and described in detail, other modifications and
methods of use, which are within the scope of this invention, will
be readily apparent to those of skill in the art based upon this
disclosure. It is contemplated that various combinations or
sub-combinations of these specific features and aspects embodiments
may be made and still fall within the scope of the invention.
* * * * *