U.S. patent application number 13/137490 was filed with the patent office on 2012-03-08 for overpressure-based system to protect vertical evacuation routes against smoke infiltration.
This patent application is currently assigned to SMAY Sp. z o.o. Invention is credited to Marek Maj, Grzegorz Sypek, Jaroslaw Wiche, Robert Zapala.
Application Number | 20120058717 13/137490 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43567481 |
Filed Date | 2012-03-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120058717 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Wiche; Jaroslaw ; et
al. |
March 8, 2012 |
Overpressure-based System to protect vertical evacuation routes
against smoke infiltration
Abstract
The present Invention relates to an overpressure-based system
applied to protect vertical evacuation routes against smoke
infiltration, that can be used in the objects such as hospitals or
laboratories, where it is necessary to accurately maintain the
pressure difference between two zones on a preset level,
characterised in that the system's controlling & working unit
14 is connected with the upper fan's frequency converter 19 through
the upper fan's controller 15, and, next, through the reversible
upper fan 4, and this system's unit is also connected with the
upper fan's frequency converter 20 through the lower fan's
controller 16. and, next, with the reversible lower fan 5.
Inventors: |
Wiche; Jaroslaw; (Krakow,
PL) ; Sypek; Grzegorz; (Krakow, PL) ; Zapala;
Robert; (Glogoczow, PL) ; Maj; Marek;
(Sulkowice, PL) |
Assignee: |
SMAY Sp. z o.o
|
Family ID: |
43567481 |
Appl. No.: |
13/137490 |
Filed: |
August 22, 2011 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
454/238 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24F 2110/40 20180101;
F24F 11/30 20180101; Y02B 30/70 20130101; F24F 2110/12 20180101;
F24F 11/33 20180101; F24F 2011/0004 20130101; F24F 11/77 20180101;
F24F 11/0001 20130101; F24F 2110/10 20180101; F24F 2221/50
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
454/238 |
International
Class: |
F24F 11/02 20060101
F24F011/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 7, 2010 |
EP |
EP10175665.8 |
Claims
1. An overpressure-based system to control and protect evacuation
routes against smoke infiltration, where the space being secured
and protected is equipped with at least, two pressure-regulating
governors, at least two reversible fans, at least two air admitting
ducts, at least two pressure sensors, at least two temperature
sensors, at least two controllers of pressure-controlling
governors, at least two controllers of frequency converters, at
least one input card with at least two temperature sensors
connected thereto and, also, two pressure sensors, and, at least
two frequency converters, wherein the system's controlling &
working unit 14 is connected with the upper fan's frequency
converter 19 through the upper fan's controller 15, and, next,
through the reversible upper fan 4, and this system's unit is also
connected with the upper fan's frequency converter 20 through the
lower fan's controller 16, and, next, with the reversible lower fan
5. The input card of the upper fan;s controller 17 is connected
with the system's controlling & working unit 14 through the
upper fan's controller, and the input card of the lower fan's
controller 18 is connected with the system's controlling &
working unit 14 through the lower fan's controller 16. Moreover,
the system's controlling & working unit 14 is connected with
the upper and lower pressure regulating governors 2 and 3 through
the upper controller 10 and lower controller 11; next, the upper
and lower pressure sensors 8 and 9, placed in the upper and lower
air admitting ducts 6 and 7, are connected with the system's
controlling & working unit 11 through the input card of the
upper fan's controller 17, and, next, through the upper fan's
controller 15, and the internal and external temperature sensors 12
and 13 are connected with the system's controlling and working unit
14 through the input card of the lower fan's controller 18, and,
next through the lower fan's controller 16.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, the upper and lower
pressure sensors 8 and 9, placed in the upper and lower air
admitting ducts 6 and 7, are connected with the system's
controlling & working unit 14 through the input card of the
upper fan's controller 17, and, next, through the upper fan's
controller 15, and the internal and external temperature sensors 12
and 13 are connected with the system's controlling & working
unit 14 through the input card of the upper fan's controller 17,
and, next, through the upper fan's controller 15.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein, the upper and lower
pressure sensors 8 and 9, placed in the upper and lower air
admitting ducts 6 and 7, are connected with the system's
controlling & working unit 14 through the input card of the
lower fan's controller 18, and, next, through the lower fan's
controller 16, and the internal and external temperature sensors 12
and 13 are connected with the system's controlling & working
unit 14 through the input card of the lower fan's controller 18,
and, next, through the upper fan's controller 16.
4. System according to claim 1, wherein, the upper and lower
pressure sensors 8 and 9 placed in the upper and lower air
admitting ducts 6 and 7 are connected with the system's controlling
& working unit 14 through the input card of the lower fan's
controller 18, and, next, through the lower fan's controller 16,
and the internal and external temperature sensors 12 and 13 are
connected with the system's controlling & working unit 14
through the input card of the upper fan's controller 17, and, next
through the upper fan's controller 15.
5. The system according to claim 1 and/or 2, and to claims 3 and/or
4, wherein, provided the value of external temperature is higher
than the value of internal temperature, the system activates the
blowing function of the reversible upper fan 4 and of the upper
pressure-regulating governor 3, and the exhaust function of the
reversible lower fan 5 and of the lower pressure-regulating
governor 2.
6. The system according to claims 1 and/or 2, and the claims 3
and/or 4, wherein provided the value of external temperature is
lower than or equal the value of internal temperature, the system
activates the exhaust function of the reversible upper fan 4 and of
the upper pressure-regulating governor 3, and the blowing function
of the reversible lower fan 5 and of the lower pressure-regulating
governor 2.
7. The system according to claims 1 and/or 2, and to claims 3
and/or 4, wherein, the air flow inside the vertical evacuation
route 1 is controlled and adjusted based on the information
acquired from the sensors of the internal and external temperature
12 and a respectively, as well as from the upper and lower
pressure-regulating governors 2 and 3, respectively, since this
information forces a preset distribution of pressures not exceeding
50 Pa+/-10%.
Description
[0001] The present Invention relates to an overpressure-based
system applied to protect vertical evacuation routes against smoke
infiltration. The Invention makes it possible to limit or to fully
eliminate the phenomenon of thermal draught that occurs,
particularly intensely, in staircases of high or high-rise
buildings. Moreover, the system according to this Invention can be
used in the objects such as hospitals or laboratories, where it is
necessary to accurately maintain the pressure difference between
two zones on a preset level (e.g. room-room; room-air supply/return
air duct).
[0002] A phenomenon of thermal draught occurring in high and
high-rise buildings depends on a temperature difference in the
external and internal space of those buildings. In the hitherto
systems, a multi-inlet system of air blowing was utilized, with air
inlets arranged evenly along the vertical line of staircases;
however, this system has not overcome the thermal draught
phenomenon. The commonly known systems of controlling pressures
function on the basis of air bleed flaps and multi-inlet system of
air blowing.
[0003] The purpose of this Invention is to eliminate the thermal
draught phenomenon occurring while admitting air into vertical
evacuation routes. Additionally, this Invention aims solving the
issue of controlling air admission into vertical evacuation routes
and at making it possible to quickly change volumetric flow of air
and to maintain various levels of preset air pressure. This
Invention solves the problem of maintaining a required overpressure
level of 50 Pa+/-10% within the entire vertical evacuation route.
-/-
[0004] The essence of the Invention is an overpressure-based system
to protect vertical evacuation routes against smoke infiltration.
Its characteristic features are as follows:--a system's controlling
& working unit is connected with frequency converters of upper
and lower fans through controllers of upper and lower fans, and,
then, with reversible upper and lower fans; an input card of upper
fan's controller is connected with me system's controlling &
working unit through an upper fan's controller;--an input card of
lower fan's controller is connected with the system's controlling
& working unit through a lower fan's controller;--a system's
controlling & working unit is connected with the upper and
lower pressure-regulating governors through upper and lower
controlling units;--upper and lower pressure sensors, placed in the
upper and lower (respectively) air admitting ducts, are connected
with the system's controlling & working unit through an input
card of upper fan's controller, and through the upper fan's
controller;--sensors of the internal and external temperature are
connected with the system's controlling & working unit through
an input card of lower funk controller, and next, through a lower
fan's controller. Preferably, the upper and lower pressure sensors,
placed in the upper and lower (respectively) air admitting ducts,
are connected with the system's controlling & working unit,
through the input card of upper fan's controller, and, next,
through the upper fan's controller;--the sensors of internal and
external temperature are connected with the system's controlling
& working unit through the input card of upper fan's
controller, and. next, through the upper fan's controller.
Preferably, the upper and lower pressure sensors, placed in the
upper and lower (respectively) air admitting ducts, are connected
with the system's controlling & working unit through the input
card of the lower fan's controller, and, next, through the lower
fan's controller;--the sensors of internal and external
temperatures are connected: with the system's controlling &
working unit through the input card of the lower fan's controller,
and, next, through the lower fan's controller. Preferably, the
upper and lower pressure sensors, placed hi the upper and lower
(respectively) air admitting ducts, are connected with the system's
controlling & working unit through the input card of the lower
fan's controller, and, next, through the lower fan's
controller;--the sensors of the internal and external temperature
are connected with the system's controlling & working unit
through the input card of the upper fan's controller, and, next,
through the upper fan's controller. Preferably, in the case where
the external temperature is higher than the internal temperature,
the system activates the blowing function of the upper reversible
fan and of the upper pressure-regulating governor, as well as the
exhaust function of the reversible lower fun and the lower
pressure-regulating governor. Preferably, in the event where the
external temperature is lower than or equal the internal
temperature, the system activates the exhaust function or the
reversible upper fan and of the upper pressure-regulating governor,
and the blowing function of the reversible lower fan and of the
lower pressure-regulating governor, Preferably, the air flow inside
the vertical evacuation route is controlled based on the
information acquired from the sensors of internal and external
temperatures and from the upper and lower pressure-regulating
governors since this information forces a preset distribution of
pressures not exceeding 50 Pa+/-10%.
[0005] The advantage of the system according to this Invention is
that the system automatically adapts to any weather conditions and
to any height of the building, especially as regards the buildings
higher than 22 m. Owing to the system according to this Invention,
within the entire vertical evacuation route, a required
overpressure value of 50 Pa+/-10% is maintained in relation to the
useable area; this pressure value prevents smoke from entering into
the evacuation route. Another advantage of the system according to
this Invention is that both the air pressure and the air flow are
continuously controlled and accurately adjusted so that it is
possible to reach very quickly, within less than 3 seconds, the
preset level of air flow volume through the evacuation door.
Consequently, the system according to this Invention, protects
against any uncontrolled increase or uncontrolled decrease in the
pressure; should the air pressure increase, the door in the
evacuation route could be blocked shut, and should the air pressure
decrease, the smoke could enter into the evacuation route.
[0006] The object according to this Invention is represented in the
FIGURE attached, in this FIGURE,
[0007] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overpressure-based
system of protecting vertical evacuation routes against smoke
infiltration.
[0008] The system according to this Invention consists of a
vertical evacuation route 1, upper pressure-regulating governor 2,
lower pressure-regulating governor 3, reversible upper fan 4,
reversible lower fan 5, upper air admitting duct 6, lower air
admitting duct 7, upper pressure sensor 8, lower pressure sensor 9,
both of them placed in the upper and lower air admitting ducts 6
and 7, controller of upper pressure-controlling governor 10,
controller of lower pressure-controlling governor 11, internal
temperature sensor 12, external temperature sensor 13, system's
controlling & working unit 14. upper fan's controller 15, lower
fan's controller 16, input card of upper fan's controller 17, input
card of lower fan's controller 18, upper fan's frequency converter
19, and lower fan's frequency converter 20. The system's
controlling & working unit 14 is connected with the upper fan's
frequency converter 19 through the upper fan's controller 15, and,
next, with the reversible upper fan 4, and, also, this system's
central unit 14 is connected with the lower fan's frequency
converter 20 through the lower fan's controller 16, and, next, with
the reversible lower fan 5. The inlet card of the upper fan's
controller 17 is connected with the system's controlling &
working unit 14 through the upper fan's controller 15, and the
input card of the lower fan's controller 18 with the system's
controlling & working unit 14 through the lower fan's
controller 16. The system's controlling & working unit 14 is
also connected with the upper and lower pressure-regulating
governors 2 and 3, respectively, through the controller of the
upper pressure-regulating governor 10 and the controller of the
lower pressure-regulating governor 11. The upper and lower pressure
sensors 8 and 9, placed in the upper and lower air admitting ducts
6 and 7, respectively, are connected with the system's controlling
& working unit 14 through the input card of the upper fan's
controller 17, and, next, through the upper fan's controller 15.
lower fan's controller 16. The internal temperature sensor 12 and
the external temperature sensor 13 are connected with the system's
controlling & working unit 14 through the input card of the
lower fan's controller 18, and, next, through the lower fan's
controller 16.
[0009] In one of the manufactured versions of the system, the upper
and lower pressure sensors 8 and 9, placed in the upper and lower
(respectively) air admitting ducts 6 and 7, are connected with the
system's controlling & working unit 14 through the input card
of the upper fan's controller 17, and, next, through the upper
fan's controller 15. The sensor of the internal temperature 12 and
the sensor of the external temperature 13 are connected with the
system's controlling & working unit 14 through the input card
of the upper fan's controller 17, and, next, through the upper
fan's controller 15.
[0010] In the other version of the manufactured system, the upper
and lower pressure sensors 8 and 9, placed in the upper and lower
air admitting ducts 6 and 7, are connected with the system's
controlling & working unit 14 through the input card of the
lower fan's controller 18, and, next, through the lower fan's
controller 16. The sensor of the internal temperature 12 and the
sensor of the external temperature 13 are connected with the
system's controlling & working unit 14 through the input card
of the lower fan's controller 18, and next, through the lower fan's
controller 16.
[0011] There is another version of the system manufactured, where
the upper and lower pressure sensors 8 and 9, placed in the upper
and lower air admitting ducts 6 and 7, are connected with the
system's controlling & working unit 14 through the input card
of the lower fan's controller 18, and, next, through the lower
fan's controller 16. The sensor of the internal temperature 12 and
the sensor of the external temperature 13 are connected with the
system's controlling & working unit 14 through the input card
of the upper fan's controller 17, and, next, through the upper
fan's controller 15.
* * * * *