U.S. patent application number 13/209067 was filed with the patent office on 2012-02-16 for shelter having a protective layer.
Invention is credited to Philip T. Cantin, Rick A. Cochran, Justin M. White.
Application Number | 20120037198 13/209067 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45563898 |
Filed Date | 2012-02-16 |
United States Patent
Application |
20120037198 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Cantin; Philip T. ; et
al. |
February 16, 2012 |
SHELTER HAVING A PROTECTIVE LAYER
Abstract
A hard walled shelter has first and second substantially
parallel corner posts. The hard walled shelter also has an upper
frame support extending between first ends of the corner posts and
a lower frame support extending between second ends of the corner
posts. The hard walled shelter additionally has a moveable wall.
The moveable wall has a lower portion hinged at the lower frame
support and an upper portion that fits securely on the interior of
the corner posts when the moveable wall is in a closed
configuration. When the moveable wall is in an open configuration
the moveable wall is disposed away from the hard walled shelter to
form an opening in the shelter. The hard walled shelter also has a
coupling that extends around the perimeter of the opening in the
shelter.
Inventors: |
Cantin; Philip T.;
(Guildhall, VT) ; Cochran; Rick A.; (St.
Johnsbury, VT) ; White; Justin M.; (West Danville,
VT) |
Family ID: |
45563898 |
Appl. No.: |
13/209067 |
Filed: |
August 12, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61373473 |
Aug 13, 2010 |
|
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|
Current U.S.
Class: |
135/143 ;
220/1.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 1/34384 20130101;
B65D 19/44 20130101; E04B 1/3442 20130101; B65D 2519/00343
20130101; B65D 77/0466 20130101; E04B 1/34357 20130101; E04H
2015/206 20130101; E04H 15/34 20130101; E04H 2001/1283 20130101;
E04B 1/34336 20130101; E04H 15/008 20130101; B65D 2519/00348
20130101; Y10T 74/18832 20150115; E04H 2015/201 20130101; E04B 1/38
20130101; E04B 2001/34389 20130101; E04H 3/08 20130101; B65D
2519/00338 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
135/143 ;
220/1.5 |
International
Class: |
E04H 15/48 20060101
E04H015/48; B65D 88/00 20060101 B65D088/00 |
Goverment Interests
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
[0002] The work resulting in this invention was supported in part
by the U.S. Army Medical Material Development Agency (USAMMDA)
under Contract No. W81XWH-08-C-0060. The U.S. Government therefore
has certain rights in the invention.
Claims
1. A hard walled shelter comprising: first and second substantially
parallel corner posts disposed at a first end of the shelter; an
upper frame support extending between first ends of the corner
posts; a lower frame support extending between second ends of the
corner posts; a moveable wall having a lower portion hinged at the
lower frame support and an upper portion fitting securely on the
interior of the corner posts when the moveable wall is in a closed
configuration in which the moveable wall is displaced between the
first and second corner posts, when the moveable wall is in an open
configuration the moveable wall is disposed away from the hard
walled shelter to form an opening in the shelter; and a coupling
configured to extend around the perimeter of the opening in the
shelter.
2. The hard walled shelter of claim 1, wherein an expandable
shelter is connected to the hard walled shelter by using the
coupling, the expandable shelter is configured to expand when the
moveable wall is in the open configuration.
3. The hard walled shelter of claim 2, wherein the expandable
shelter comprises at least one protective layer.
4. The hard walled shelter of claim 3, wherein at least one
protective layer is a nuclear, biological and chemical layer.
5. The hard walled shelter of claim 3, wherein at least one
protective layer is a environmental layer.
6. The hard walled shelter of claim 1, further comprising a
vestibule configured to attach to the hard walled shelter to
provide a transition from the hard walled shelter to another
shelter.
7. The hard walled shelter of claim 6, wherein the vestibule has a
fabric clamp that is configured to interact with the coupling to
connect the vestibule to the container.
8. The hard walled shelter of claim 6, wherein the vestibule is
configured to provide a sealed connection between the hard walled
shelter and another shelter.
9. The hard walled shelter of claim 6, wherein the vestibule
comprises at least one protective layer that includes a nuclear,
biological and chemical layer and an environmental layer.
10. An expandable soft wall shelter having an expanded and a
collapsed configuration, the expandable shelter being in a
collapsed configuration when disposed within a hard walled shelter,
comprising: a coupling configured to connect the expandable shelter
to the hard walled shelter; a beam structure configured to be
inflated to expand the expandable shelter into the expanded
configuration; at least one fabric layer; at least one protective
layer; and a vestibule configured to provide a transition from the
hard walled shelter to the expandable shelter when the expandable
shelter is in the expanded configuration.
11. The expandable shelter of claim 10, wherein the at least one
protective layer is a nuclear, biological and chemical layer.
12. The expandable shelter of claim 11, wherein the at least one
protective layer is an environmental layer.
13. The expandable shelter of claim 10, wherein the at least one
protective layer is attached to the container by the coupling.
14. The expandable shelter of claim 10, wherein the protective
layer is disposed on the interior of the expandable shelter.
15. The expandable shelter of claim 10, wherein the coupling is a
fabric clamp of the vestibule.
Description
[0001] The present application claims the benefit of U.S.
Provisional Patent Application 61/373,473; filed Aug. 13, 2010.
BACKGROUND
[0003] 1. Field of Invention
[0004] The present application relates to ISO containers, container
units or shelters coupled to form an ISO container, and more
particularly to a shelter having a protective layer.
[0005] 2. Related Art
[0006] Standard (International Organization for Standardization)
shipping containers are capable of being formed by using multiple
container units or modules. Standard ISO shipping containers having
three equal sized modules are known. Each module is known as a
tri-con container. The three tri-con containers, when coupled
together, have generally the size and shape of a standard ISO
shipping container. The standard size for such containers is about
8 feet tall, 8 feet wide, and 20 feet long. The tri-con containers
may be coupled together by coupling devices that extend through
mating, locking holes on corner posts of the containers. The
resulting assembled container may be shipped by commercial means,
such as by truck, railway, boat or aircraft, including military
aircraft. If need be, such a tri-con container may be deployed at a
remote location.
[0007] Expandable shelters are known which can be inflated at a
remote location for medical uses, temporary housing, disaster
recovery, meeting space, office space or laboratory space. These
shelters typically include a skin or fabric which may rest on a
frame. Such a frame may be formed from an air beam structure. Air
beam structures typically comprise tubes which have a desired size
and shape and which are inflated with air to form a relatively
rigid structure. Prior to deployment, these shelters may be rolled
up and stowed in relatively small space.
SUMMARY
[0008] In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a
hard walled shelter is provided. The hard walled shelter comprises
first and second substantially parallel corner posts disposed at a
first end of the shelter. The hard walled shelter also comprises an
upper frame support extending between first ends of the corner
posts. The hard walled shelter further comprises a lower frame
support extending between second ends of the corner posts. The hard
walled shelter additionally comprises a moveable wall having a
lower portion hinged at the lower frame support and an upper
portion fitting securely on the interior of the corner posts when
the moveable wall is in a closed configuration in which the
moveable wall is displaced between the first and second corner
posts, when the moveable wall is in an open configuration the
moveable wall is disposed away from the hard walled shelter to form
an opening in the shelter. The hard walled shelter also comprises a
coupling configured to extend around the perimeter of the opening
in the shelter.
[0009] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,
an expandable soft wall shelter is provided. The expandable soft
wall shelter has an expanded and a collapsed configuration. The
expandable shelter is in a collapsed configuration when disposed
within a hard walled shelter. The expandable shelter comprises a
coupling configured to connect the expandable shelter to the hard
walled shelter. The expandable shelter also comprises a beam
structure configured to be inflated to expand the expandable
shelter into the expanded configuration. The expandable shelter
further comprises at least one fabric layer. The expandable shelter
additionally comprises at least one protective layer. The
expandable shelter also comprises a vestibule configured to provide
a transition from the hard walled shelter to the expandable shelter
when the expandable shelter is in the expanded configuration.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0010] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to
scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical
component that is illustrated in various figures is represented by
a like descriptor. For purposes of clarity, not every component may
be labeled in every drawing.
[0011] The advantages and features of this invention will be more
clearly appreciated from the following detailed description, when
taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0012] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of three tri-con containers
assembled together to form an ISO shipping container for
transport;
[0013] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a hard walled shelter
tri-con container;
[0014] FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of the hard walled
shelter container of FIG. 2 in a partially deployed condition;
[0015] FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view of the hard walled shelter
container of FIG. 2 in a partially deployed condition;
[0016] FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of the hard walled
shelter container of FIG. 4 with a transition ramp;
[0017] FIG. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the
transition ramp of FIG. 5 in an installed condition;
[0018] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the hard walled shelter
container of FIG. 4 showing the softwalled shelter in an unrolled
condition;
[0019] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of one configuration of the
softwalled shelters of this invention when attached to the hard
walled shelter of FIG. 4;
[0020] FIG. 9 is a fragmentary enlarged detailed view illustrating
the mechanical tri-con container when connected to the hard walled
shelter shown in FIG. 8;
[0021] FIG. 10 is an isometric view of another configuration of the
shelters of this invention when attached to the hard walled shelter
of FIG. 4;
[0022] FIG. 11 is a fragmentary, perspective view showing the
connection between the expandable ISO container of FIG. 10 and the
hard walled shelter container of FIG. 4;
[0023] FIG. 12 is a schematic, plan view of yet another
configuration of the shelters of this invention when connected to
the hard walled shelter container of FIG. 4;
[0024] FIG. 13 is a front perspective view of the hard walled
shelter container of FIG. 4;
[0025] FIG. 14 is a schematic, rear perspective view of the hard
walled shelter container of FIG. 4 illustrating the mechanism for
operating the ramps;
[0026] FIG. 15 is a schematic, rear perspective view of the hard
walled shelter container of FIG. 14 showing a ramp being
raised;
[0027] FIG. 16 is a front, cross-sectional view of the mechanisms
for operating the ramps taken along line 16-16 of FIG. 15;
[0028] FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the mechanism for
operating the ramps taken along the line 17-17 of FIG. 16;
[0029] FIG. 18 is a schematic, cross-sectional view taken along the
line 18-18 of FIG. 9;
[0030] FIG. 19 is a partial, cutaway view of the environmental
layer and the chemical/biological barrier layer as seen from inside
the vestibule; and
[0031] FIG. 20 is a partial cutaway view of the chemical/biological
barrier layer in a fully sealed condition as seen from inside the
vestibule.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] In the present invention, typical tri-con containers may be
configured to be used with inflatable shelters. Three such tri-con
containers, or container units or modules, may be coupled together
for shipping and storage. In this assembled state, the three
tri-con containers have the size and shape of a typical ISO
shipping container, and form a unitary structure. That is, they
have a rectangular shape and a size of about 8 feet.times.8
feet.times.20 feet.
[0033] In one aspect of this invention, one of the tri-con
containers includes four corner posts, and four sidewalls extending
between adjacent corner posts as well as a top wall and a bottom
wall. At least one and typically two of the sidewalls are hinged at
their bottom edge which permits these sidewalls to be pivoted
downwardly to form a ramp. Typically, for two walls that pivot
downwardly, they are disposed opposite one another, although they
need not be. In one embodiment of this aspect, a softwalled,
expandable shelter is associated with each of these sidewalls.
These softwalled, expandable shelters may be strapped to the inside
surface of the sidewall, prior to deployment. In another
embodiment, the shelters, prior to deployment, are nested one above
the other when the sidewalls are raised to their vertical
position.
[0034] In one embodiment, each of the softwalled, expandable
shelters includes an air beam structure with a skin or layer of
fabric placed thereover. A vestibule or portico is disposed at one
end of the shelter. The vestibule or portico is attachable to a
fabric connector surrounding an opening in the tri-con containers
formed by lowering the sidewall. The vestibule or portico may
include an attachment device, such as a zipper, which mates with a
zipper on the fabric connector to attach the vestibule or portico
to the tri-con container. In another embodiment, the softwalled,
expandable shelter may include an inner lining, such as an
antimicrobial lining, which may also be attached to a layer of such
lining in the fabric connector.
[0035] In another aspect, two softwalled, expandable shelters may
be provided extending from opposite sides of a tri-con container.
The pivoted sidewalls provide a transition from a ground surface to
an interior of the tri-con container.
[0036] In another aspect of the invention, a third side of the
tri-con container, which is intermediate the first two sides and
extends perpendicular thereto, may also be formed with a ramp and a
fabric connector. Another shelter system, such as an expandable
hard walled ISO shelter, or another softwalled, expandable shelter,
may be attached to the tri-con container along the third side. This
attachment may be similar to the attachment of the other
softwalled, expandable shelters, such as by using a vestibule or
portico and a fabric connector surrounding the opening to the
tri-con container on the third side.
[0037] In yet another aspect of the invention, another tri-con
container may include a mechanical module which provides electrical
and environmental support for the softwalled, expandable shelters.
This second tri-con container could include heating and air
conditioning systems, air filters, humidity control, electrical
power and a fuel tank for powering the electrical generator and the
heating and air conditioning systems.
[0038] In yet another aspect of the invention, a third tri-con
container may be provided having the same size and shape as the
first two tri-con containers. This third tri-con container may
include an additional mechanical module for servicing the
expandable ISO shelter, or a third softwalled, expandable shelter.
In another embodiment, the third tri-con container may provide
storage for other supplies to be used in conjunction with the
softwalled, expandable shelters, or with the expandable ISO
shelter.
[0039] In yet another aspect of the invention, the sidewalls on the
first tri-con container may be raised or lowered using a cable and
reel disposed on either side of the sidewall. The reels may be
coupled by a shaft such that both reels may be operated in
synchronism from a drive mechanism disposed on one side of the
tri-con container.
[0040] One embodiment of a structure 10 of this invention will now
be described with respect to FIG. 1. A typical structure 10
comprises three tri-con containers, modules or units 20, 100 and
200. Units 20, 100 and 200, when joined together in a collapsed or
closed condition, form a unitary, standard ISO shipping container
having the dimensions of 8 feet high, 8 feet wide and 20 feet long.
Units 20, 100 and 200, when linked together, may be shipped as a
standard ISO shipping container to facilitate transport and
storage. Each of units 20, 100 and 200 has a separate structure and
function, as will be described.
[0041] In one aspect, unit 100 may be associated with at least one,
and typically two softwalled, expandable shelters as will now be
described with particular reference to FIGS. 2-8. Unit 100 includes
four sidewalls 110, 112, 114 and 116. Unit 100 also may include a
top wall 118, and a bottom wall 120. Sidewalls 110 and 112 are
disposed directly opposite from one another, and are generally
parallel to one another. Sidewalls 110 and 112 typically, although
not necessarily, are aligned to face another one of units 20 and/or
200 when connected to units 20 and 200 to form structure 10.
[0042] Typically, unit 100 includes four corner posts 126. One
corner post 126 is disposed at the junction of sidewalls 110 and
114, another post 126 is disposed at the junction of sidewalls 110
and 116, another post 126 is disposed at the junction of sidewalls
112 and 114, and another post 126 is disposed at the junction of
sidewalls 112 and 116. These corner posts 126 are standard in such
tri-con containers, and typically are formed with a square or
rectangular cross-section to provide structural support for unit
100. Each corner post 126 is generally vertically oriented and
extends from just below bottom wall 120 to just above top wall 118.
Typically, horizontal structural supports 128 extend between the
corner posts 126 both adjacent bottom wall 120, and adjacent top
wall 118. Supports 128 and posts 126 are known and may be formed of
any material, such as iron or steel or aluminum, which provides the
necessary structural support for unit 100. Typically, structural
support 128 adjacent bottom wall 120 is indented or spaced inwardly
with respect to the outer edge of corner posts 126, providing a
discontinuity between support 128 and the outer surface of corner
posts 126. Each corner post 126 typically has a connection block
130 attached, such as by welding, to its top and bottom ends. Each
connection block typically has holes 132 to allow a standard
container connector (not shown) to be inserted therein. These
connectors permit coupling of adjacent units 20, 100 and 200
together. Holes 132 also may be used for interfacing with a crane,
forklift or other like mechanism for movement of units 20, 100 and
200 from one place to another. Conventional jacks 103 may be
provided for leveling of unit 100. Jacks 103 may include pegs 105
that can be inserted into holes 102 in posts 126.
[0043] At least one of sidewalls 110 and 112, and typically both of
sidewalls 110 and 112, are pivotally attached to a lower structural
support 128 such as by hinges 122. Thus, at least one of sidewalls
110 and 112, and typically both of sidewalls 110 and 112, may be
pivoted downwardly about hinges 122 to form a ramp as shown in
FIGS. 3 and 4. In so doing, access to the interior of unit 100 is
permitted through the opening 124 which results.
[0044] Associated with at least one of sidewalls 110 and 112, and
typically both sidewalls 110 and 112, may be a softwalled,
expandable shelter. In one embodiment, a first expandable shelter
140 is associated with sidewall 110, and a second expandable
shelter 142 is associated with sidewall 112. Prior to deployment,
each shelter 140 and 142 is folded and may be strapped or otherwise
attached to associated sidewall 110 and 112, respectively. Straps
144 may be used to hold the folded shelters 140 and 142 in place on
respective sidewalls 110 and 112. It should be appreciated that
other known devices may be used in place of straps 144 to secure
shelters 140 and 142 to walls 110 and 112. Other examples include
ropes, wire, hook and loop fasteners, snaps and the like.
Typically, although not necessarily, first shelter 140 may be
attached at an upper end of sidewall 110 and second shelter 142 may
be attached at a lower end of sidewall 112, so that shelter 140 is
nested above shelter 142 when sidewalls 110 and 112 are pivoted
into a closed or upright position. In this way, two relatively
large, folded shelters may be accommodated in one unit 100.
[0045] As shown in FIG. 18, each of first and second expandable
shelters 140 and 142 may be a conventional softwalled shelter
comprising a beam structure 146 comprising air beams 148 over which
a skin or environmental fabric layer 150 extends. The interior of
shelters 140 and 142 also may include a chemical/biological barrier
layer 152. Shelters 140 and 142 each typically include a transition
vestibule 154 at one end (FIGS. 9 and 10). Vestibule 154 provides a
transition from shelters 140 and 142 into the interior of unit 100.
Vestibule 154 may include an opening 156 having an attachment
device 158 extending around its perimeter for layer 150. This
attachment device 158 may be a zipper, Velcro or any other
conventional attachment device. Similarly, if shelters 140 and 142
include a chemical/biological barrier layer 152, layer 152 may
include an attachment device 162 for just layer 152.
[0046] In another aspect of the invention, opening 124 includes
around its perimeter a coupling, such as a fabric clamp 168
containing at least one strip of an environmental fabric layer 164.
There may also be a second strip of a chemical/biological barrier
layer 166 in fabric clamp 168 (FIG. 19). The strips of layers 164
and 166 may be clamped together by clamp 168 along one edge. The
opposite edges of strips of layers 164 and 166 are provided with
respective attachment devices 157 and 161, such as a zipper, Velcro
or the like which are designed to mate with associated,
corresponding couplings, such as attachment devices 158 and 162 of
vestibules 154 of shelters 140 and 142. In this way, once sidewalls
110 and 112 are pivoted downwardly to form a ramp, shelters 140 and
142 may be deployed and then subsequently coupled to unit 100 at
openings 124. Strips of layer 164 are attached to layer 150 in
shelters 140 and 142, by attachment devices 157 and 158, and strips
of layer 166 are attached to layer 152 in shelters 140 and 142 by
attachment devices 161 and 162 to form a sealed connection between
unit 100 and vestibules 154 of shelters 140 and 142. A slidable
sleeve 167 may be slid over the attachment device to cover the
attachment device, such as a zipper, used to attach layer 166 to
layer 152 to provide a tighter seal about the attachment
device.
[0047] In use, once it is decided to deploy shelters 140 and 142,
sidewalls 110 and 112 are opened and pivoted downwardly to form
ramps. Shelters 140 and 142 may then be removed from walls 110 and
112, respectively, by releasing straps 144. Shelters 140 and 142
may then be extended as shown in FIG. 7. Shelters 140 and 142 may
then be expanded or inflated in a conventional way by first
inflating the beam structure 146 and then anchoring the shelter to
the ground in a manner well-known to those of ordinary skill in the
art. Shelters 140 and 142 are attached to respective openings 124
of unit 100 as discussed above. When it is desired to deploy unit
100 elsewhere, air beam structure 146 may be deflated, and shelters
140 and 142 may then be rolled up and reattached to respective
sidewalls 110 and 112 by straps 144. Thereafter, sidewalls 110 and
112 may be pivoted upwardly into a vertical position and
locked.
[0048] In another aspect of the invention, sidewall 114 may include
two doors 70 and 72 mounted on vertical hinges 74 on corner posts
126. Inside doors 70 and 72 may be a ramp 76 attached by hinges 170
to lower structural support 128 to permit ramp 76 to be pivoted
from an upright or closed position to a downward position to expose
opening 178. A coupling, such as fabric clamp 172, is similar to
fabric clamp 168 and may extend around the perimeter of opening 178
in a manner similar to that of opening 124. Fabric clamp 172 may
include first and second fabric layers affixed along one edge (not
shown) similar to fabric clamp 168. Like fabric clamp 168, exposed,
opposite edges of the fabric layers may include respective
attachment devices (not shown), which may be zippers, Velcro strips
or the like. These attachment devices are suitable for coupling
with comparable attachment devices on another structure. Ramp 76
may include side ramp extenders 175 mounted on hinges 177. Once
ramp 76 is pivoted downwardly, extenders 175 may be pivoted
outwardly about hinges 177 to provide a wider ramp, if needed, to
facilitate mating with another shelter.
[0049] One example of another shelter which may be affixed to
opening 178 of unit 100, as shown in FIG. 10, is an expandable
shelter 300, such as a hard walled shelter that expands from a
collapsed shape having roughly the shape of a standard ISO
container, to one which is approximately 3 times the size of an ISO
container. An example of such a shelter 300 is described in U.S.
application Ser. No. 61/358,120 filed Jun. 24, 2010, which is
incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Shelter 300 may
have a portico 302 or other like transition portion, which is
attached to a vestibule 304 which in turn is attached to fabric
clamp 172. Portico 302 and vestibule 304 each may include a
chemical/biological layer and an environmental layer (not shown)
with attachment devices (not shown) which mate with attachment
devices on each other and on fabric clamp 172. In this way, another
structure, such as shelter 300, may be attached to unit 100
allowing access to and from each of these shelters 300, 140 and 142
through unit 100.
[0050] It should be understood that shelter 300 need not be a one
to three expandable ISO shelter, but could be any other suitable
shelter that may be attachable to unit 100. For example, shelter
300 may be a non-expandable ISO container or a softwalled
expandable shelter which has been suitably equipped for its desired
use.
[0051] FIGS. 8, 10 and 12 illustrate three possible configurations.
It should be understood, that FIGS. 8, 10 and 12 are not
exhaustive, and other configurations are possible. In FIG. 8,
shelters 140 and 142 are shown extending from opposite sides of
unit 100 at associated sidewalls 110 and 112 respectively. FIG. 8
illustrates another softwalled shelter 141 which may be similar or
identical to shelters 140 and 142 and which is shown attached to
unit 100 at ramp 76 and opening 178 by means of vestibule 143.
[0052] With reference now to FIG. 10, in another possible
configuration, shelters 140 and 142 are shown attached to opposite
sides of unit 100 as in FIG. 8. Instead of another softwalled
shelter 141 as shown in FIG. 8, shelter 300 may be attached, as
previously described, at ramp 76 and opening 178 of unit 100
utilizing portico 302 and vestibule 304.
[0053] In another possible configuration, as shown in FIG. 12,
shelter 140 may be attached to unit 100 at opening 124 and sidewall
110, as described in FIG. 8. However, instead of shelter 142 being
attached at opening 124 and sidewall 112, shelter 300 may be
attached at sidewall 112. Shelter 300 is attached to unit 100 by
means of portico 302 and vestibule 304 in substantially the same
fashion as shown in FIG. 10. A softwalled shelter such as shelter
140 may be attached to unit 100 at ramp 76 and opening 178 in
substantially the same fashion as shelter 140 is attached to unit
100 at opening 124 and sidewall 110. In this way, any desired
configuration can be achieved depending on the needs and
requirements of the user. It should be understood that there are
other possible configurations, such as using only a single
softwalled shelter, or no softwalled shelters, and instead
employing multiple expandable hard walled shelters like shelter
300.
[0054] Another aspect of the invention, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and
11, relates to use of a hard walled shelter, such as expandable
shelter 300 in conjunction with unit 100. A transition may be
required between shelter 300 and unit 100 that will support portico
302 and vestibule 304 and the weight of cargo or humans. In one
embodiment, shelter 300 includes a ramp 350 which may be pivoted
downwardly to a substantially horizontal position. Ramp 350, in one
embodiment, may form an endwall of shelter 300 when it is in a
raised position. Ramp 350 may pivot about hinges 352 and be
supported by cable 354. An end 356 of ramp 350 typically is
supported by conventional jacks 358 having a ratchet mechanism.
Ramp 350 is configured to support portico 302, Ramp 76, as shown in
FIG. 11, may also be supported at its free end by jacks 360, which
may be substantially identical to jacks 358 and may include a
ratchet mechanism. Using jacks 358 and 360, ramps 76 and 350 may be
positioned to be at the same level to provide a smooth transition
from unit 100 to shelter 300.
[0055] To facilitate a transition between ramp 76 and ramp 350, it
may be desirable to utilize a transition ramp 362. One example of
transition ramp 362 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Ramp 362 is
substantially identical to the transition ramp described in U.S.
application Ser. No. 61/358,120 filed Jun. 24, 2010, which is
incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. As shown in FIGS.
5 and 6, ramp 362 typically includes a plurality of fingers 364
which are pivotally mounted to a plate 365 by hinges. In one
embodiment, plate 365 may include a hinge 374 at its middle to
allow folding of ramp 362 when not in use. Fingers 364 typically
are permitted to pivot upwardly or downwardly within a limited
range, but are sufficiently rigid to accommodate a relatively heavy
weight or load. Plate 365 may include at each end a bracket 376
with a hole 373. Typically, ramp 362 may be mounted onto the end of
ramp 350 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. When mounted, bracket 376 sits
on top of plate 370 so that a hole 372 in plate 370 is aligned with
hole 373 in bracket 376. Pin 366 may be inserted through the
aligned holes and held in place with a locking sleeve 368.
Transition ramp 362 may provide a transition between ramp 350 and
ramp 76, as shown in FIG. 11. Ramp 362 may also provide a
transition between ramp 350 and an underlying ground surface, as
shown in FIG. 6.
[0056] As seen in FIG. 4, sidewall 116 may include two doors 117
which are affixed by vertical hinges 119 to posts 126. Inside doors
117 may be a panel 21 that may include power ports 186 and ports
184 used for various purposes that include, but are not limited to
supplying control cables, supplying water, removing waste, and
supplying medical gases. Power may be provided to lights 185 by
means of power ports 186. Sidewall 116 also may include two drive
mechanisms 188 for raising and lowering sidewalls 110 and 112, as
discussed below.
[0057] At least one of walls 110 and 112, and, in one embodiment,
each of walls 110 and 112, may be raised or lowered using a drive
mechanism 188, as shown in FIGS. 14, 15, 16 and 17. Sidewall 112 is
shown being lowered in FIG. 14 utilizing socket 386, and is shown
being raised in FIG. 15, utilizing socket 385. The drive mechanism
188 used to raise and lower sidewall 110 is substantially identical
to that used to raise and lower sidewall 112 and this drive
mechanism will be described only with respect to sidewall 112.
[0058] Cables 195 and 196 may be disposed on opposite sides of each
wall 110 and 112. Each of cables 195 and 196 may be anchored at
anchor 197 and 198, respectively, each of which typically is
disposed on an associated corner post 126. Associated with another
end of each of cables 195 and 196 is a spool 193 and 194,
respectively, onto which respective cables 195 and 196 may be wound
after passing over respective pulleys 201 and 203 on associated
corner posts 126. Spools 193 and 194 may be mounted on a shaft 192
that spans the width of unit 100. In this manner, spools 193 and
194 may be rotated in synchronism to allow wall 110 or 112 to be
raised evenly on each side by raising each side at the same rate
and the same distance. Cables 195 and 196 may pass over pulleys 199
disposed on walls 110 and 112.
[0059] Drive mechanism 188 may be coupled to shaft 192. Typically,
a separate, nearly identical drive mechanism 188 is associated with
each of sidewalls 110 and 112. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, with
reference to sidewall 112, mechanism 188 may be coupled to a right
angle drive 380 by a chain 381. Right angle drive 380 may be
coupled to a shaft 382 which rotates in response to mechanism 188.
Shaft 382 may be connected to a torque limiter (for example 58
pounds) 383 which then may pass through a gear reducer 384 which
may then be coupled to shaft 192 for rotation of spools 193 and
194. It is understood that the foregoing drive train is
substantially identical for sidewall 110.
[0060] Each mechanism 188 will now be described with particular
reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. Two separate sockets may be provided,
a first up socket 385 for raising a sidewall 110 or 112, and a
second down socket 386 for lowering a sidewall 110 or 112. In one
embodiment, socket 385 provides a greater mechanical advantage than
socket 386. Either socket may be used in conjunction with a
rotating device such as a handle 191 for manual operation, or
either socket may be used in conjunction with a motor driven drill
or the like (not shown), which includes a drill bit suitable for
mating with sockets 385 and 386. Socket 385 may be coupled to a
spur gear 389 which, in one embodiment, has 60 teeth. Spur gear 389
may drive spur gear 388, which in one embodiment, may have 16
teeth. Socket 386 is directly coupled to spur gear 388. Spur gear
388, in turn, may be coupled to a shaft 390, which is directly
coupled to a sprocket 387 which drives chain 381. In this
embodiment, when socket 385 is used to raise a sidewall 110 or 112,
approximately a 4 to 1 ratio results from the interaction of spur
gear 389 with spur gear 388 which allows sidewall 110 or 112 to be
raised slowly with a relatively large mechanical advantage.
However, when door 110 or 112 is lowered, socket 386 is used and
because socket 386 is directly coupled to gear 388, sidewall 110 or
112 may be lowered under its own weight at a much more rapid pace
than when sidewall 110 or 112 was raised. In this embodiment, spur
gear 389 is allowed to free-wheel when sidewall 110 or 112 is
lowered.
[0061] Units 20 and 200 may have multiple applications. For
example, unit 20 may be a mechanical module which provides
electrical and environmental support for unit 100 and/or shelters
140 and 142 and/or shelter 300. One example is shown in FIG. 9.
Like unit 100, unit 20 may include four corner posts 22 which are
interconnected by horizontal supports 28. Unit 20 may also include
a top wall 24 and a bottom wall 26. Connection blocks 30 may be
disposed at the top and bottom of posts 22. These blocks may
include holes 32 for use with connectors (not shown) to couple
units 20, 100 and 200 together, or to allow unit 20 to be hoisted
or moved by a crane or the like. Unit 20 also may include sidewalls
36, 38, 40 and 42. In one embodiment, walls 36 may be formed as
doors 36a and 36b. Doors 36a and 36b, typically are mounted on
adjacent posts 22, such as by hinges 37, allowing them to be
pivoted into an open position or into a closed position. Doors 36a
and 36b allow access to the interior of unit 20 for servicing,
storage and the like.
[0062] When unit 20 includes electrical and environmental support
for unit 100 and/or shelters 140 and 142, unit 20 may include a
heating and air conditioning system 48 and a power unit 50. In one
embodiment, the heating and air conditioning system 48 is suitable
for providing environmental support for shelters 140 and 142, has a
cooling capacity of about 10 tons and has a heating capacity of
about 22 kilowatts. Filter beds may be included, along with a
humidity control and a switchable fresh air source. Unit 50, in one
example, can be a 40-kilowatt on-board generator. Duct interfaces
54 may be provided along sidewall 40 at opening 46. Duct interfaces
may be connected to ducts in shelters 140 and 142 such as by duct
work 58 to provide air flow to and from shelters 140 and 142. Power
unit 50 may be coupled to a power connection 56 which in turn can
be coupled to power connector 186 on unit 100 and to shelters 140
and 142 by wires 59. A fuel tank (not shown) may be included for
providing fuel to the power unit 50. One example is a 80-gallon
fuel tank for any suitable fuel, such as diesel or jet fuel.
Cooling fans 62 may also be provided for ventilation of unit 20.
These fans typically are provided in openings in top wall 24.
[0063] Unit 200 has the same conventional tri-con structure as
units 20 and 100. Unit 200 may be used in one of several different
ways. In one embodiment, unit 200 serves as a storage facility for
containing gear used in conjunction with shelters 140, 142 or
shelter 300. In another embodiment, when structure 10 is used in
conjunction with a shelter 300, unit 200 may contain apparatus that
provides the heating and air conditioning support and electrical
power support for shelter 300. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, for
example, unit 200 may be coupled to shelter 300 by duct work 202
for heating and air conditioning support, and by cables 204 for
supplying electrical power to shelter 300. In all other significant
respects, when unit 200 provides mechanical and electrical power
support for shelter 300, it is substantially identical to unit 20,
and will not be further described.
[0064] In another aspect, certain conventional handling devices
used to move tri-cons or ISO containers from one place to another
grip the container at the bottom end of post 126 utilizing holes
132 in connection blocks 130. An example is the U.S. Military
Future Medium Tactical Vehicle with Load Handling Systems
(FMTV-LHS). These mechanized devices typically have arms that ride
along lower structural supports 128 until arriving at connection
block 130. Conventional tri-con structures, as presently built, may
not be manipulated by these devices, because the device hangs up at
the intersection of surface 250 along structural support 128 and a
surface on post 126 which is disposed at right angles to surface
250. This problem may be solved with respect to each of units 20,
100 and 200 by the provision of an adaptor 254 which extends from
surface 250 to surface 256, the outside facing surface of post 126.
The outer surface of adaptor 254 may be generally flush with the
outer surface 256 such that there is a smooth transition from
surface to surface. Similarly, the outer surface of adapter 254
transitions smoothly to the outer surface 250 on support 128. As a
result, the handling device (not shown) can ride along surface 250
and then along the outer surface of adapter 254 and onto surface
256 where it can extend into a hole 132 on connection block 130.
The lifting device may be spring-loaded or biased inwardly toward
support 128 to facilitate this movement.
[0065] It should be appreciated that various embodiments may be
formed with one or more of the above-described features. The above
aspects and features may be employed in any suitable combination as
the present invention is not limited in this respect. It should
also be appreciated that the drawings illustrate various components
and features which may be incorporated into various embodiments.
For simplification, some of the drawings may illustrate more than
one optional feature of the feature or component. However, the
invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in
the drawings. It should be recognized that the invention
encompasses embodiments which may include only a portion of the
components illustrated in any one drawing figure, and/or may also
encompass embodiments combining components illustrated in multiple
different drawing figures.
[0066] It should be understood that the foregoing description of
various embodiments is intended merely to be illustrative thereof
and that other embodiments, modifications, and equivalents are
within the scope of the invention recited in the claims appended
hereto.
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