U.S. patent application number 12/874340 was filed with the patent office on 2011-11-17 for engine including valve geometry relative to bore size.
This patent application is currently assigned to GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS, INC.. Invention is credited to RODNEY E. BAKER, SCOTT HALSALL, KEVIN M. LUCHANSKY.
Application Number | 20110277718 12/874340 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 44910609 |
Filed Date | 2011-11-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20110277718 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
HALSALL; SCOTT ; et
al. |
November 17, 2011 |
ENGINE INCLUDING VALVE GEOMETRY RELATIVE TO BORE SIZE
Abstract
An engine assembly may include an engine block defining a
cylinder bore, a cylinder head coupled to the engine block, a first
intake valve, a fuel injector in communication with the cylinder
bore and a spark plug in communication with the cylinder bore. The
cylinder bore may define a first diameter. The cylinder head may
define a first intake port and a first exhaust port in
communication with the cylinder bore. The first intake valve may be
located in the first intake port and may define a second diameter
at least 35 percent of the first diameter. The fuel injector and
the spark plug may be located centrally relative to the cylinder
bore.
Inventors: |
HALSALL; SCOTT; (WARREN,
MI) ; LUCHANSKY; KEVIN M.; (STERLING HEIGHTS, MI)
; BAKER; RODNEY E.; (FENTON, MI) |
Assignee: |
GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS,
INC.
DETROIT
MI
|
Family ID: |
44910609 |
Appl. No.: |
12/874340 |
Filed: |
September 2, 2010 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61345369 |
May 17, 2010 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
123/188.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F02F 1/4214 20130101;
Y02T 10/125 20130101; Y02T 10/12 20130101; F02B 23/08 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
123/188.1 |
International
Class: |
F01L 3/00 20060101
F01L003/00 |
Claims
1. An engine assembly comprising: an engine block defining a
cylinder bore defining a first diameter; a cylinder head coupled to
the engine block and defining a first intake port and a first
exhaust port in communication with the cylinder bore; a first
intake valve located in the first intake port and defining a second
diameter at least 35 percent of the first diameter; a fuel injector
in communication with the cylinder bore and located centrally
relative to the cylinder bore; and a spark plug in communication
with the cylinder bore and located centrally relative to the
cylinder bore.
2. The engine assembly of claim 1, further comprising a first
exhaust valve located in the first exhaust port and defining a
third diameter at least 30 percent of the first diameter.
3. The engine assembly of claim 2, further comprising a second
intake valve and a second exhaust valve, the cylinder head defining
a second intake port and a second exhaust port, the second intake
valve being located in the second intake port and defining a fourth
diameter at least 35 percent of the first diameter and the second
exhaust valve being located in the second exhaust port and defining
a fifth diameter at least 30 percent of the first diameter.
4. The engine assembly of claim 3, wherein the first intake port
and the second intake port are located on a first radial half of
the cylinder bore and the first exhaust port and the second exhaust
port are located on a second radial half of the cylinder bore
opposite the first radial half, a first line extending radially
through a center of the cylinder bore and a center of the first
intake valve extends at a first angle of between 40 degrees and 44
degrees relative to a line extending radially across the cylinder
bore defining the first radial half and the second radial half when
the first intake valve is in a seated position
5. The engine assembly of claim 4, wherein a second line extending
radially through the center of the cylinder bore and a center of
the first exhaust valve extends at a second angle of between 39
degrees and 43 degrees relative to the line extending radially
across the cylinder bore defining the first radial half and the
second radial half when the first exhaust valve is in a seated
position.
6. The engine assembly of claim 2, wherein the third diameter is at
least 32 percent of the first diameter.
7. The engine assembly of claim 1, wherein the first intake valve
extends at an angle of between 19 degrees and 21 degrees relative
to a sidewall of the cylinder bore.
8. The engine assembly of claim 1, wherein the second diameter is
at least 37 percent of the first diameter.
9. The engine assembly of claim 1, wherein the first diameter is
less than 80 millimeters.
10. The engine assembly of claim 1, wherein a first radial distance
between a center of the cylinder bore and a radially innermost
portion of the first intake valve is less than 25 millimeters when
the first intake valve is in a seated position.
11. An engine assembly comprising: an engine block defining a
cylinder bore defining a first diameter less than 80 millimeters; a
cylinder head coupled to the engine block and defining a first
intake port and a first exhaust port in communication with the
cylinder bore; a first intake valve located in the first intake
port and defining a second diameter at least 35 percent of the
first diameter; a first exhaust valve located in the first exhaust
port and defining a third diameter at least 30 percent of the first
diameter; a fuel injector in communication with the cylinder bore
and located centrally relative to the cylinder bore; and a spark
plug in communication with the cylinder bore and located centrally
relative to the cylinder bore.
12. The engine assembly of claim 11, further comprising a second
intake valve and a second exhaust valve, the cylinder head defines
a second intake port and a second exhaust port, the second intake
valve being located in the second intake port and defining a fourth
diameter at least 35 percent of the first diameter and the second
exhaust valve being located in the second exhaust port and defining
a fifth diameter at least 30 percent of the first diameter.
13. The engine assembly of claim 12, wherein the first intake port
and the second intake port are located on a first radial half of
the cylinder bore and the first exhaust port and the second exhaust
port are located on a second radial half of the cylinder bore
opposite the first radial half, a first line extending radially
through a center of the cylinder bore and a center of the first
intake port extends at an angle of between 40 degrees and 44
degrees relative to a line extending radially across the cylinder
bore defining the first radial half and the second radial half when
the first intake valve is in a seated position.
14. The engine assembly of claim 13, wherein a second line
extending radially through the center of the cylinder bore and a
center of the first exhaust port extends at an angle of between 39
degrees and 43 degrees relative to the line extending radially
across the cylinder bore defining the first radial half and the
second radial half when the first exhaust valve is in a seated
position.
15. The engine assembly of claim 11, wherein the first intake valve
extends at an angle of between 19 degrees and 21 degrees relative
to a sidewall of the cylinder bore and the first exhaust valve
extends at an angle of between 17.5 degrees and 19.5 degrees
relative to the sidewall of the cylinder bore.
16. The engine assembly of claim 11, wherein the third diameter is
at least 32 percent of the first diameter.
17. The engine assembly of claim 16, wherein the second diameter is
at least 37 percent of the first diameter.
18. The engine assembly of claim 11, wherein the first diameter is
less than 75 millimeters.
19. An engine assembly comprising: an engine block defining a
cylinder bore defining a first diameter less than 80 millimeters; a
cylinder head coupled to the engine block and defining a first
intake port, a second intake port, a first exhaust port, and a
second exhaust port in communication with the cylinder bore, the
first intake port and the second intake port being located on a
first radial half of the cylinder bore and the first exhaust port
and the second exhaust port being located on a second radial half
of the cylinder bore opposite the first radial half; a first intake
valve located in the first intake port and defining a second
diameter at least 37 percent of the first diameter, a first line
extending radially through a center of the cylinder bore and a
center of the first intake valve extends at an angle of between 40
degrees and 44 degrees relative to a line extending radially across
the cylinder bore defining the first radial half and the second
radial half when the first intake valve is in a seated position; a
first exhaust valve located in the first exhaust port and defining
a third diameter at least 32 percent of the first diameter, a
second line extending radially through the center of the cylinder
bore and a center of the first exhaust valve extends at an angle of
between 39 degrees and 43 degrees relative to the line extending
radially across the cylinder bore defining the first radial half
and the second radial half when the first exhaust valve is in a
seated position; a second intake valve located in the second intake
port and defining a fourth diameter at least 37 percent of the
first diameter; a second exhaust valve located in the second
exhaust port and defining a fifth diameter at least 32 percent of
the first diameter; a fuel injector in communication with the
cylinder bore and located centrally relative to the cylinder bore;
and a spark plug in communication with the cylinder bore and
located centrally relative to the cylinder bore.
20. The engine assembly of claim 19, wherein the first diameter is
less than 75 millimeters.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/345,369, filed on May 17, 2010. The entire
disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by
reference.
FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to engine intake and exhaust
valve and port geometry, and more specifically to intake and
exhaust valve and port geometry defined by cylinder bore size.
BACKGROUND
[0003] This section provides background information related to the
present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
[0004] Internal combustion engines may combust a mixture of air and
fuel in cylinders and thereby produce drive torque. Intake ports
may provide air flow to the combustion chamber for combustion. The
products of combustion may exit the combustion chamber via exhaust
ports. As engines become increasing smaller, accommodating
appropriate valve and port sizes becomes more difficult.
SUMMARY
[0005] An engine assembly may include an engine block defining a
cylinder bore, a cylinder head coupled to the engine block, a first
intake valve, a fuel injector in communication with the cylinder
bore and a spark plug in communication with the cylinder bore. The
cylinder bore may define a first diameter. The cylinder head may
define a first intake port and a first exhaust port in
communication with the cylinder bore. The first intake valve may be
located in the first intake port and may define a second diameter
at least 35 percent of the first diameter. The fuel injector and
the spark plug may be located centrally relative to the cylinder
bore.
[0006] The first diameter may be less than 80 millimeters. The
engine assembly may additionally include a first exhaust valve
located in the first exhaust port and defining a third diameter at
least 30 percent of the first diameter. More specifically, the
second diameter may be at least 37 percent of the first diameter
and the third diameter may be at least 32 percent of the first
diameter.
[0007] The cylinder head may additionally define a second intake
port and a second exhaust port in communication with the cylinder
bore. The first and second intake ports may be located on a first
radial half of the cylinder bore and the first and second exhaust
ports may be located on a second radial half of the cylinder bore
opposite the first radial half.
[0008] A first line extending radially through a center of the
cylinder bore and a center of the first intake valve extends at an
angle of between 40 degrees and 44 degrees relative to a line
extending radially across the cylinder bore defining the first
radial half and the second radial half when the first intake valve
is in a seated position. A second line extending radially through
the center of the cylinder bore and a center of the first exhaust
valve extends at an angle of between 39 degrees and 43 degrees
relative to the line extending radially across the cylinder bore
defining the first radial half and the second radial half when the
first exhaust valve is in a seated position.
[0009] The engine assembly may include a second intake valve
located in the second intake port and defining a fourth diameter at
least 37 percent of the first diameter and a second exhaust valve
located in the second exhaust port and defining a fifth diameter at
least 32 percent of the first diameter.
[0010] Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the
description provided herein. The description and specific examples
in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and
are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes
only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present
disclosure in any way.
[0012] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an engine assembly
according to the present disclosure; and
[0013] FIG. 2 is a schematic fragmentary top plan view of the
engine assembly of FIG. 1 illustrating intake and exhaust ports
relative to the cylinder bore and fuel spray of the engine assembly
of FIG. 1.
[0014] Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding
parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] Examples of the present disclosure will now be described
more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The
following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not
intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses.
[0016] Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure
will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are
skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as
examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a
thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It
will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details
need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in
many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit
the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments,
well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known
technologies are not described in detail.
[0017] When an element or layer is referred to as being "on,"
"engaged to," "connected to" or "coupled to" another element or
layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the
other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be
present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being
"directly on," "directly engaged to," "directly connected to" or
"directly coupled to" another element or layer, there may be no
intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to
describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in
a like fashion (e.g., "between" versus "directly between,"
"adjacent" versus "directly adjacent," etc.). As used herein, the
term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of
the associated listed items.
[0018] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used
herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers
and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or
sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be
only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or
section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as
"first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do
not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the
context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section
discussed below could be termed a second element, component,
region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of
the example embodiments.
[0019] An engine assembly 10 is schematically illustrated in FIGS.
1 and 2 and may include an engine structure 12, first and second
intake valves 14, 15, first and second exhaust valves 16, 17, a
piston 18, a spark plug 20 and a fuel injector 22. The engine
structure 12 may include an engine block 24 defining a cylinder
bore 28 and a cylinder head 26 coupled to the engine block 24. The
piston 18 may be disposed in the cylinder bore 28. The engine block
24, the cylinder head 26 and the piston 18 may cooperate to define
a combustion chamber 30.
[0020] The first and second intake valves 14, 15 may each extend at
an intake valve angle (.alpha..sub.I) relative to a sidewall of the
cylinder bore 28. The intake valve angle (.alpha..sub.I) may be
between 19 degrees and 21 degrees. In the present non-limiting
example, the intake valve angle (.alpha..sub.I) is approximately 20
degrees. The first and second exhaust valves 16, 17 may each extend
at an exhaust valve angle (.alpha..sub.E) relative to the sidewall
of the cylinder bore 28. The exhaust valve angle (.alpha..sub.E)
may be between 17.5 degrees and 19.5 degrees. In the present
non-limiting example, the exhaust valve angle is approximately 18.5
degrees.
[0021] The cylinder head 26 may define intake and exhaust passages
32, 34 in communication with the combustion chamber 30. In the
present non-limiting example, the intake passages 32 may define a
first intake port 36 in communication with the cylinder bore 28 at
the combustion chamber 30 and a second intake port 37 in
communication with the cylinder bore 28 at the combustion chamber
30. The first intake valve 14 may be located in the first intake
port 36 and the second intake valve 15 may be located in the second
intake port 37.
[0022] The exhaust passages 34 may define a first exhaust port 38
in communication with the cylinder bore 28 at the combustion
chamber 30 and a second exhaust port 39 in communication with the
cylinder bore 28 at the combustion chamber 30. The first exhaust
valve 16 may be located in the first exhaust port 38 and the second
exhaust valve 17 may be located in the second exhaust port 39. It
is understood that the present teachings apply to any number of
piston-cylinder arrangements and a variety of engine configurations
including, but not limited to, V-engines, inline engines, and
horizontally opposed engines, as well as both overhead cam and
cam-in-block configurations.
[0023] The spark plug 20 may be in communication with the cylinder
bore 28 and located centrally relative to the cylinder bore 28 and
the fuel injector 22 may be in communication with the cylinder bore
28 and located centrally relative to the cylinder bore 28. The
spark plug 20 and the fuel injector 22 may each be located in the
cylinder head 26 and may be in direct communication with the
combustion chamber 30. In the present non-limiting example, the
spark plug 20 and the fuel injector 22 may be centrally located in
the combustion chamber 30 relative to an outer radial perimeter
defined by the cylinder bore 28, forming a central direct injection
configuration. The spark plug 20 and the fuel injector 22 may each
be radially offset from a center (C.sub.B) of the cylinder bore 28
in directions opposite one another.
[0024] With reference to FIG. 2, the location and size of the first
and second intake valves 14, 15 and the first and second exhaust
valves 16, 17 may be defined as a function of the cylinder bore 28.
As seen in FIG. 1 and as discussed above, the first and second
intake valves 14, 15 and the first and second exhaust valves 16, 17
may be disposed at an angle relative to the cylinder bore 28.
However, for simplicity FIG. 2 illustrates the cross-sections of
the first and second intake valves 14, 15 and the first and second
exhaust valves 16, 17 being perpendicular to the cylinder bore 28
to better illustrate the relation between the first and second
intake valves 14, 15 and the first and second exhaust valves 16, 17
and the cylinder bore 28.
[0025] A first axis (A1) may extend through the center (C.sub.B) of
the cylinder bore 28 between the first intake port 36 and the
second intake port 37 and between the first exhaust port 38 and the
second exhaust port 39. A second axis (A2) may extend through the
center (C.sub.B) of the cylinder bore 28 perpendicular to the first
axis (A1). The first and second intake ports 36, 37 and the first
and second intake valves 14, 15 may be symmetric about the first
axis (A1). The first and second exhaust ports 38, 39 and the first
and second exhaust valves 16, 17 may be symmetric about the first
axis (A1). Therefore, the first intake valve 14, the first intake
port 36, the first exhaust valve 16, and the first exhaust port 38
will be discussed with the understanding that the description
applies equally to the second intake valve 15, the second intake
port 37, the second exhaust valve 17 and the second exhaust port
39.
[0026] The first and second intake valves 14, 15 and the first and
second intake ports 36, 37 may be located on a first radial half of
the cylinder bore 28. The first and second exhaust valves 16, 17
and the first and second exhaust ports 38, 39 may be located on a
second radial half of the cylinder bore 28 opposite the first
radial half. The spark plug 20 and the fuel injector 22 may be
located between the first and second radial halves. The second axis
(A2) may define a line extending radially across the cylinder bore
28 and defining the first radial half and the second radial
half.
[0027] The cylinder bore 28 may define a first diameter (D.sub.B),
the first intake valve 14 may define a second diameter (D.sub.I1)
and the first exhaust valve 16 may define a third diameter
(D.sub.E1). The spark plug 20 and the fuel injector 22 may be
located centrally (radially) within the first intake port 36 and
the first exhaust port 38. The first diameter (D.sub.B) of the
cylinder bore 28 may be less than 80 millimeters, and more
specifically less than 75 millimeters. In the present non-limiting
example, the first diameter is approximately 74 millimeters.
[0028] By way of non-limiting example, the second diameter
(D.sub.I1) may be at least 35 percent of the first diameter
(D.sub.B) and the third diameter (D.sub.E1) may be at least 30
percent of the first diameter (D.sub.B). More specifically, the
second diameter (D.sub.I1) may be at least 37 percent of the first
diameter (D.sub.B) and the third diameter (D.sub.E1) may be at
least 32 percent of the first diameter (D.sub.B).
[0029] As discussed above, the second intake valve 15 may be
similar to the first intake valve 14 and the second exhaust valve
17 may be similar to the first exhaust valve 16. Therefore, the
second intake valve 15 may define a fourth diameter (D.sub.I2) at
least 35 percent of the first diameter (D.sub.B) and the second
exhaust valve 17 may define a fifth diameter (D.sub.E2) at least 30
percent of the first diameter (D.sub.B). More specifically, the
fourth diameter (D.sub.I2) may be at least 37 percent of the first
diameter (D.sub.B) and the fifth diameter (D.sub.E2) may be at
least 32 percent of the first diameter (D.sub.B). In the present
non-limiting example, the second and fourth diameters (D.sub.I1,
D.sub.I2) are approximately 38 percent of the first diameter
(D.sub.B), and the third and fifth diameters (D.sub.E1,D.sub.E2)
are approximately 32 percent of the first diameter (D.sub.B).
[0030] The location of the center of the first intake valve 14 and
the center of the first exhaust valve 16 may each be defined as a
function of the cylinder bore 28 as well. A first line (L.sub.I)
extending radially through the center (C.sub.B) of the cylinder
bore 28 and the center (C.sub.I) of the first intake valve 14 may
extend at a first angle (.theta..sub.I) relative to the second axis
(A2) when the first intake valve 14 is in a seated position (closed
position). A second line (L.sub.E) extending radially through the
center (C.sub.B) of the cylinder bore 28 and the center (C.sub.E)
of the first exhaust valve 16 may extend at a second angle
(.theta..sub.E) relative to the second axis (A2) when the first
exhaust valve 16 is in a seated position (closed position). By way
of non-limiting example, the first angle (.theta..sub.I) may be
between 40 degrees and 44 degrees and the second angle
(.theta..sub.E) may be between 39 degrees and 43 degrees. In the
present non-limiting example, the first intake valve 14 and the
first exhaust valve 16 may be located such that the first angle
(.theta..sub.E) is approximately 42 degrees and the second angle
(.theta..sub.E) is approximately 41 degrees.
[0031] A first radial distance (D.sub.LI) defined along the first
line (L.sub.I) between the center (C.sub.B) of the cylinder bore 28
and a radially innermost portion of the first intake valve 14 may
be less than 25 millimeters when the first intake valve 14 is in
the seated position. A second radial distance (D.sub.LE) defined
along the second line (L.sub.E) between the center (C.sub.B) of the
cylinder bore 28 and a radially innermost portion of the first
exhaust valve 16 may be less than 27 millimeters when the first
exhaust valve 16 is in the seated position. In the present
non-limiting example, the first radial distance (D.sub.LI) is
approximately 23 millimeters and the second radial distance
(D.sub.LE) is approximately 26 millimeters.
* * * * *