U.S. patent application number 13/035020 was filed with the patent office on 2011-08-04 for fluid pump.
Invention is credited to Vladimir Pavlovich DEMENTIEV, Rollan Gurgenovich MARTIROSOV, Vladimir Jurievich ROZIN, Nikolay Nikolaevich YAMBURENKO.
Application Number | 20110189030 13/035020 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 35239604 |
Filed Date | 2011-08-04 |
United States Patent
Application |
20110189030 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
ROZIN; Vladimir Jurievich ;
et al. |
August 4, 2011 |
FLUID PUMP
Abstract
The present invention relates to the oil pump, and can be used
with a standard pump jack. The pump can be used to withdraw any
type of fluid, including water for example. Certain aspects of the
invention relate to a method and apparatus for efficiently
converting the up and down motion of the pump jack into a reliable
vacuum source which can reliably pull unrefined/crude oil from the
first depth to the second depth.
Inventors: |
ROZIN; Vladimir Jurievich;
(Moscow, RU) ; MARTIROSOV; Rollan Gurgenovich;
(Moscow, RU) ; YAMBURENKO; Nikolay Nikolaevich;
(Moscow, RU) ; DEMENTIEV; Vladimir Pavlovich;
(Moscow, RU) |
Family ID: |
35239604 |
Appl. No.: |
13/035020 |
Filed: |
February 25, 2011 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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11122086 |
May 5, 2005 |
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13035020 |
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60568233 |
May 6, 2004 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
417/53 ;
417/395 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04B 15/02 20130101;
F04B 43/067 20130101; F04B 47/08 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
417/53 ;
417/395 |
International
Class: |
F04B 43/067 20060101
F04B043/067 |
Claims
1. A pump for moving a target fluid from a first depth to a second
depth and designed for use with a pump jack, said pump designed to
fit within a bore in the ground, said pump comprising a upper
chamber, lower chamber, operational fluid compartment, target fluid
compartment, rod having a volume, hydraulic cylinder having a
volume, pipe, tank, diaphragm, an intake, and an upper valve and
lower valve: a. said rod disposed within and slideable within the
hydraulic cylinder; b. said hydraulic cylinder, pipe and tank
composing an operational fluid compartment containing operational
fluid; c. said hydraulic cylinder, pipe, and tank in fluid
communication with each another and composing the operational fluid
compartment; d. said upper and lower chamber in fluid communication
with each other and composing the target fluid compartment; e. said
operational fluid compartment containing a volume and operational
fluid, and target fluid compartment design to store the target
fluid; f. said operational fluid causing the diaphragms to move
from a concave position to a convex position when the rod is moved
from an upper position to a lower position; g. said upper valve
moving from a closed position to an open position when the
diaphragm is moved from a concave position to a convex position; h.
said lower valve moving from an open position to a closed position
when the diaphragm is moved from a concave position to a convex
position; i. said target fluid providing a pushing force against
the upper valve to move the valve from the closed position to the
open position thereby allowing the target fluid to enter the upper
chamber; and j. said target fluid providing a pushing force against
the lower valve to move the valve from the open position to the
closed position thereby blocking the target fluid from entering the
intake.
2. The pump of claim 1 wherein: a. said operational fluid causing
the diaphragms to move from a convex position to a concave position
when the rod is moved from a lower position to an upper position;
b. said upper valve moving from an open position to a closed
position when the diaphragm is moved from a convex position to a
concave position; c. said lower valve moving from a closed position
to an open position when the diaphragm is moved from a convex
position to a concave position; d. said target fluid providing a
suction force against the upper valve to move the valve from the
open position to the closed position thereby preventing the target
fluid from receding from the upper chamber into the lower chamber;
and e. said target fluid providing a suction force against the
lower valve to move the valve from the closed position to the upper
position thereby blocking the target fluid from entering the
intake.
3. The pump of claim 1 wherein said upper and lower valve having
substantially the same structure; and said lower chamber containing
the lower valve, and said upper chamber containing the upper
valve.
4. The pump of claim 1, wherein said tank comprises a shield, a
shell, and the diaphragm, wherein the shield restricts how far the
diaphragm can expand when it is filled with operational fluid.
5. The pump of claim 1 wherein said operation fluid compartment
containing between a minimum amount and maximum amount of
operational fluid, wherein the minimum amount of operation fluid is
equal to the volume of operational fluid compartment with the rod
fully inserted into the cylinder and accounting for a change in
operational fluid expansion based on temperature at the pump jack
and at the pump, and the maximum amount of operation fluid is equal
to the volume of the operational fluid compartment volume with the
rod minimally inserted and accounting for a change in operational
fluid expansion based on temperature at the pump jack and at the
pump.
6. The pump of claim 1 wherein said operation fluid compartment
containing at least V.sub.min.sub.--.sub.f amount of operational
fluid, but no more than V.sub.max.sub.--.sub.f amount of
operational fluid, wherein V.sub.min.sub.--.sub.f equals
(TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.min)(1+C.sub.v*.DELTA.t) and
V.sub.max.sub.--.sub.f equals
(TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.max)(1+C.sub.v*.DELTA.t), wherein TT.sub.v
is total tank volume, P.sub.v is total pipe volume, H.sub.min
equals the cylinder volume minus the rod volume in the cylinder at
the lowest height of insertion, H.sub.max equals the cylinder
volume minus the rod volume in the cylinder at the highest point of
insertion, C.sub.v is a coefficient of operational fluid expansion,
and .DELTA.t is equal to a change in temperature as measured at the
hydraulic cylinder and temperature as measured at the pump
jack.
7. The pump of claim 1, comprising a cap having a j-hook and a
catcher comprising a pin, wherein the pin of the catcher slides
into the j-hook to allow a crane to withdraw the pump from the
ground without dissembling the pump, adding a separate hook to pull
out the pump, or enlarging the bore.
8. A method for moving a target fluid from a first depth to a
second depth for use with a pump jack, said method comprising the
steps of: a. providing a pump designed to be placed in a bore, said
pump comprising a upper chamber, lower chamber, operational fluid
compartment, target fluid compartment, rod having a volume,
hydraulic cylinder having a volume, pipe, tank, diaphragm, an
intake, and an upper valve and lower valve; b. disposing said rod
within the hydraulic cylinder; c. placing operational fluid within
said hydraulic cylinder, pipes and tank; said cylinder, pipes, and
tank composing an operational fluid compartment having a volume; d.
placing target fluid within said upper and lower chamber; e. moving
the rod from an upper position to a lower position to cause the
operational fluid to move the diaphragms from a concave position to
a convex position; f. moving said upper valve from a closed
position to an open position by moving said diaphragm from a
concave position to a convex position; g. moving said lower valve
from an open position to a closed position by moving said diaphragm
from a concave position to a convex position; h. providing a
pushing force with the target fluid to move the upper valve from
the closed position to the open position thereby allowing the
target fluid to enter the upper chamber; and i. providing a pushing
force against the lower valve to move the valve from the open
position to the closed position thereby blocking the target fluid
from entering the intake.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein: a. moving the rod from a lower
position to an upper position to cause the operational fluid to
move the diaphragms from a convex position to a concave position;
b. moving said upper valve from an open position to a closed
position by moving the diaphragm from a convex position to a
concave position; c. moving said lower valve from a closed position
to an open position by moving the diaphragm from a convex position
to a concave position; d. providing a suction force with the target
fluid against the upper valve to move the valve from the open
position to the closed position thereby preventing the target fluid
from receding from the upper chamber into the lower chamber; and e.
providing a suction force with the target fluid against the lower
valve to move the valve from the closed position to the upper
position thereby blocking the target fluid from entering the
intake.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein said upper and lower valve having
substantially the same structure; and said lower chamber contains
the lower valve, and said upper chamber contains the upper
valve.
11. The method of claim 8 wherein said tank comprises a shield, a
shell, and the diaphragm, wherein the shield restricts how far the
diaphragm can expand when it is filled with operational fluid.
12. The method of claim 8 comprising the step of placing between a
minimum amount and maximum amount of operational fluid into the
operational fluid compartment, wherein the minimum amount of
operation fluid is equal to the volume of operational fluid
compartment with the rod fully inserted into the cylinder and
accounting for a change in operational fluid expansion based on
temperature at the pump jack and at the pump, and the maximum
amount of operation fluid is the total operational fluid
compartment volume with the rod minimally inserted and accounting
for a change in operational fluid expansion based on temperature at
the pump jack and at the pump.
13. The method of claim 8 comprising the step of placing between at
least V.sub.min.sub.--.sub.f amount of operational fluid, but no
more than V.sub.max.sub.--.sub.f amount of operational fluid in the
operational fluid compartment, wherein V.sub.min.sub.--.sub.f
equals (TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.min)(1+C.sub.v*.DELTA.t) and
V.sub.max.sub.--f equals
(TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.max)(1+C.sub.v*.DELTA.t), wherein TT.sub.v
is total tank volume, P.sub.v is total pipe volume, H.sub.min
equals the cylinder volume minus the rod volume in the cylinder at
the lowest height of insertion, H.sub.max equals the cylinder
volume minus the rod volume in the cylinder at the highest point of
insertion, C.sub.v is a coefficient of operational fluid expansion,
and .DELTA.t is equal to a change in temperature as measured at the
hydraulic cylinder and temperature as measured at the pump
jack.
14. The method of claim 8 comprising using a catcher having a pin
to lock into a cap having a j-hook to withdraw the pump from the
ground without dissembling the pump, adding a separate hook to pull
out the pump, or enlarging the bore.
Description
CROSS REFERENCES
[0001] This application is continuation in part of U.S. Pat. No.
11/122,086 filed May 5, 2005 which claims the benefit of priority
to U.S. 60/568,233 filed May 6, 2004; both applications are
incorporated by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to pumps for pulling fluids
from a first depth to a second depth. One of the preferred
embodiments of the invention is a pump which can pull oil from a
first depth and raise the oil to a second depth.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The present invention relates to a fluid pump, and can be
used with a standard pump jack. The pump jack provides the +/-Z
motion (up and down) which drives power to the pump to pull fluid
from a first depth to a second depth (e.g. from the ground to an
oil collection port). Certain aspects of the invention relate to a
method and apparatus for efficiently converting the up and down
motion of the pump jack into a vacuum source which can reliably
pull unrefined/crude oil or other fluid from a first depth to a
second depth.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0004] FIG. 1 illustrates a pump jack.
[0005] FIGS. 2A-2D illustrates a schematic of the pump.
[0006] FIG. 3 is a cross section of the pump.
[0007] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cap.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0008] Although not shown in FIG. 2, when deployed for usage, pump
10 would be connected to a standard pump jack 1 (FIG. 1). A pump
jack 1 and a pump (FIG. 2) can be used together to withdraw fluid
from the ground. When deployed, pump 10 can be placed inside a bore
2 or hole in the ground.
[0009] FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate differently the same basic aspects
of the invention, and the use of two sets of figures is intended to
better illustrate how certain embodiments of the invention work.
Note FIG. 3 has some additional structural details (such as the
cap) which will be explained separately.
[0010] As shown in FIG. 2, one embodiment of the invention features
a housing forming an upper chamber 21 and a lower chamber 22. Oil
or water (denoted by the wavy lines at the bottom) may be drawn
through a filter (not shown) and into the lower intake valve 61. As
shown, tanks 30A and 30B contain a diaphragm 31A and 31B which is
movable from a concave position (FIG. 2A) to a neutral position
(FIG. 2B) to a convex position (FIG. 2C) back to a neutral position
(FIG. 2D) in response to vertical movement of the rod 50 which can
move from a lower position, middle position, and upper position.
The tanks themselves contain a shell 33A and 33B (to the left of
the diaphragm), the diaphragm itself, and shield 32A and 32B. With
port 42A and 42B, pipe 41, and hydraulic cylinder 40 filled with
operational fluid (such as mineral oil), the diaphragm is drawn
into the concave position (FIG. 2A) when the rod 50 is withdrawn
from the hydraulic cylinder 40. Since the hydraulic cylinder, pipe,
tanks, and diaphragms form a fluid tight seal, withdrawing the rod
50 causes a vacuum in the hydraulic cylinder. Oil (or other fluid)
in the lower fluid chamber 22 pushes on the diaphragm (by passing
through holes 34 in shield 32A and 32B) as a result of the pressure
difference on each side of the diaphragm. The shield's shape, size,
and concavity are designed to stop the diaphragm from over
expanding (becoming too convex), and in some embodiments the shield
can determine the shape of the diaphragm in the convex position.
Over expansion could cause dislodgment of the diaphragm or damage
to the diaphragm. When the rod 50 is pulled or lifted upwards,
fluid pressure in the lower fluid chamber 22 decreases with respect
to the first or lower depth 3 to the second depth (e.g. upper
chamber 21) or the surface of the ground 5. This causes lower valve
61 to open and upper valve 62 to close. The vacuum caused by the
movement of the diaphragm causes a fluid pulling force towards the
displaced diaphragm. This effectively pulls plug 64 down towards
the diaphragm and plug 63 up towards the diaphragm. Although FIG.
2A for example shows the plug as a circle, in three dimensions it
would resemble a sphere. The plugs are constrained, by plug stopper
67 and 68 (such as a brimmed hole into which the plug fits) and a
plug retainer 65 and 66 which limits the upwards movement of the
plug (as shown, the plug retainer is can be a retaining wall.) FIG.
2A shows the rod 50 in the up position, diaphragms 31A and 31B in
the concave position, valve 61 in the open position, and valve 62
in the closed position. FIG. 2B shows rod 50 in the middle position
moving towards the down position, shows diaphragms in the neutral
position moving towards the convex position, valve 61 moving
towards the closed position (or in the partially closed position),
and valve 63 moving towards the open position (or in the partially
open position). FIG. 2C shows rod 50 in the down position,
diaphragms in the convex position, valve 61 in the closed position,
and valve 63 in the open position. FIG. 2D shows 50 in the middle
position moving towards the up position, shows diaphragms in the
neutral position moving towards the concave position, valve 61
moving towards the open position (or in the partially open
position), and valve 63 moving towards the closed position (or in
the partially closed position). Note, there are at least two fluids
in this embodiment, the operational fluid compartment (containing
the hydraulic cylinder, pipes 41, and tanks 30A and 30B), and the
target fluid (such as oil or water) which the pump is structured to
move. The target fluid can be in chambers 21 and/or 22
(collectively the target fluid compartment) and passes through
valves 61 and 62. In preferred embodiments, the operational fluid
compartment and target fluid compartment are hermetically sealed so
as to prevent the mixing of fluids between the compartments. To
simplify the illustration, the operational fluid compartment 48 and
the target fluid compartment are illustrated in FIG. 2C which has
all other labeling removed to avoid cluttering the figure.
[0011] Moving back to FIG. 2A, the amount of fluid brought into the
lower chamber 22 will depend on the number of diaphragms, as well
as the size of the diaphragm, and its concavity, as well as the
shape and size of the shield. The fluid will remain in the lower
chamber 22 until the rod 50 is pushed back down. Pushing the rod 50
down (by for example the pump jack 1) causes the working fluid to
push against the diaphragms 31A and 31B changing them from a
concave position to a convex position. The movement of the
diaphragms causes an increase in the pressure of the fluid in the
lower chamber 22, which then pushes downwardly and upwardly (away
from the diaphragm). The down pushing force causes the fluid to
push valve 61 into a closed position, by moving plug 63 into plug
receiver 67. At the top of the lower chamber 22, the fluid pressure
opens valve 62 (moving plug or sphere 64 into an upwards position)
allowing oil to escape into the upper chamber 22.
[0012] As is the case with the diaphragms and pipe, hydraulic
cylinder 40 is impermeable to the target fluid, so the target fluid
pools in the upper chamber 21. When the rod 50 is pressed down (now
for the second time) the upper valve is sucked into a closed
position (because of the decrease in volume of the diaphragms) and
the lower valve is sucked into an open position. This allows a
second round of target fluid to enter the lower chamber 22 (the
first round of target fluid cannot recede into the lower chamber 22
because it is blocked by the upper plug 64.) Then the rod 50 is
pushed down, pressurizing the working fluid, and forcing the upper
plug into the opened position. Once open, the second round of fluid
enters the upper chamber 21. Target fluid may be removed from the
upper chamber 21 simply by connecting a pipe 40 to the upper
chamber 21 which extends to the surface port. The upper and lower
valves may have the same, similar, or different structures. As
shown in FIG. 2A, upper and lower valves have substantially the
same structure.
[0013] FIG. 3 shows a similar view as compared to FIG. 2B (the
diagrams are in the neutral position and the rod is in the middle
position.) Target fluid can still fill the upper chamber 21, but to
balance the suction forces in the pump, the rod and hydraulic
cylinder are positioned in the center of the upper chamber 21. FIG.
3 also illustrates spacer 70, used to fix hydraulic cylinder 40 in
place in the upper chamber 21. Note, spacer 70 may be fitted with
pores, holes, or inlets to allow oil to pass through the spacer
box. Spacer 70 in three dimensions may resemble a cylinder with a
through hole. The hydraulic cylinder would be placed within the
through hole via threading or other engagement mechanisms. Cap 80
(also illustrated in FIG. 4) may contain grooves to allow a handle
to be placed on the pump 1 to lower the pump into the oil well.
Because replacing the handle would be very difficult when the pump
is in the well, cap 80 may be fitted with one or more J-hooks 85
for receiving a pin for lifting the pump out of the ground. Catcher
90 may be equipped with pins 95 that can slide into the J-hooks to
lift the pump from the ground. Catcher 90 may be attached to other
components above which retain the oil. Catcher 90 may also be
linked with other rods above provide the up and down motion of rod
50. One advantage of the catcher-cap-j-hook system is it allows a
crane (or other upward movement device) the pump to be pulled out
of the ground without installing a separate hook to pull up the
pump, dissembling the pump, or enlarging the bore 2 within which
the pump is located.
[0014] The amount of operational fluid in the pump is important so
that the diaphragms move inwardly when the rod is pulled up and
outwardly when the rod is pushed down. Too little fluid, and the
diaphragms will not move enough, too much fluid and the diaphragms
will move too much and risk being damaged by over expansion
(although the shields my help reduce this risk.) The amount of
operational fluid to add the pump can be determined as follows.
[0015] When the pump is being assembled, the ultimate variable that
needs to be determined (V.sub.f), the final or optimum volume (such
as gallons or liters) of working fluid that must be fed into the
hydraulic cylinder. V.sub.f will equal the original amount of
working fluid added (V.sub.jack) plus the original amount of
working fluid (V.sub.jack) times the coefficient of volume
expansion (C.sub.v) of the oil times the change in temperature of
the oil a t.sub.jack-t.sub.pump) or .DELTA.t. V.sub.jack is the
volume of oil at the surface level (above ground or at the pump
jack) at t.sub.jack. The temperature under the ground may be higher
or lower, but is equal to V.sub.pump. Because the working fluid
will expand or contract, the final volume of operational fluid
(V.sub.f) one has when it is added to the pump is the original
amount added V.sub.pump+V.sub.pump*C.sub.V*.DELTA.t=V.sub.f.
[0016] Typically, C.sub.v will be known, and .DELTA.t can be
measured with a temperature probe, but V.sub.o needs to be
determined, because the above formula allows you to determine the
amount of operational fluid you will have assuming you have
determined how much operational fluid to originally add
(V.sub.pump). In most cases, there is a range of volumes
(V.sub.pump) that will be acceptable provided it is not too much or
too little. So to determine this range, we determine how much
operational fluid is the minimum amount of fluid V.sub.min and how
much operational fluid is the maximum amount of fluid V.sub.max and
determine V.sub.pump to be the range between the minimum and
maximum amount.
[0017] Minimum. The volume of the tank T.sub.v (shell volume plus
shield volume) is approximately equal to the volume of fluid in
diaphragm when it is full expanded in the convex position. Assuming
n number of tanks, n*T.sub.v=TT.sub.v (total tank volume). The
system also contains pipes and ports which have a total volume
P.sub.v. The hydraulic cylinder has minimum volume H.sub.min (when
the rod is placed all the way into the cylinder, or to its maximum
depth) and a maximum volume H.sub.max when the rod is pulled all
the way out (or to the highest position) in the cylinder. So the
minimum amount of volume in the pump (V.sub.min) is
TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.min=V.sub.min. V.sub.pump must be greater
than the V.sub.min or the pump will not have enough fluid to push
the diaphragms to the shields.
[0018] Maximum. The maximum amount of fluid the pump can contain is
TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.max. Again, consider that the volume in the
hydraulic cylinder changes depending on how far the rod 50 is
within the cylinder 40. The further down the rod 50 is, the more
volume of the cylinder 40 the rod takes up. So the maximum volume
the pump can have is total tank volume plus the pipe and port
volume plus the maximum volume of the hydraulic cylinder.
V.sub.max=TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.max. H.sub.max will equal the
volume of the hydraulic cylinder minus rod volume in the hydraulic
cylinder at the highest height of insertion (minimum insertion),
see FIG. 2A. H.sub.min will equal the volume of the hydraulic
cylinder minus the rod volume in the hydraulic cylinder at the
lowest height of insertion (full insertion), see FIG. 2C.
[0019] Since V.sub.f=V.sub.pump+V.sub.o*C.sub.v*.DELTA.t or
(factoring out V.sub.o) V.sub.f=V.sub.pump(1+C.sub.v*.DELTA.t).
Since V.sub.pump is [V.sub.min, V.sub.max] (meaning all the volumes
from the V.sub.min to V.sub.max) V.sub.f=[V.sub.min,
V.sub.max](1+C.sub.v*.DELTA.t). And so the final volume of fluid to
add is more than V.sub.min.sub.--.sub.f(1+C.sub.v*.DELTA.t) but
less than V.sub.max.sub.--.sub.f(1C.sub.v*.DELTA.t), wherein
V.sub.min.sub.--.sub.f is minimum amount of operational fluid with
adjustment made for temperature, and V.sub.max.sub.--.sub.f is
maximum amount of operational fluid with adjustment made for
temperature. V.sub.min (minimum amount of operational fluid without
adjustment for temperature) is TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.min, and
V.sub.max (maximum amount of operational fluid without adjustment
for temperature) is TT.sub.v+P.sub.v+H.sub.max. Filling the pump
with an optimum amount of working fluid V.sub.f provides more
efficient movement of oil through the pump.
[0020] The pump may be outfitted with an intake 100 or filter
assembly near the bottom of the lower chamber 22, and it may also
contain a target fluid reservoir in or above upper chamber 21 for
storing the target fluid. Other configurations of the invention are
contemplated, and the invention should not be limited except as set
forth in the claims.
* * * * *