U.S. patent application number 12/607372 was filed with the patent office on 2011-04-28 for automated seed detection and planting synchronization apparatus, method and system.
This patent application is currently assigned to PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.. Invention is credited to MATTHEW K. GLENDENNING, DANIEL M. GOLDMAN, DAVID E. JOHNSON, JASON J. KELSICK, DAVID C. SMITH.
Application Number | 20110098851 12/607372 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43899100 |
Filed Date | 2011-04-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20110098851 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
GLENDENNING; MATTHEW K. ; et
al. |
April 28, 2011 |
AUTOMATED SEED DETECTION AND PLANTING SYNCHRONIZATION APPARATUS,
METHOD AND SYSTEM
Abstract
An automated seed detection and planting synchronization
apparatus, method and system is disclosed. The invention includes a
seed detection protocol configured to monitor a derived metric
equated to timing of movement of a seed carried by a seed metering
unit from a seed pick-up to seed drop point. For controlling
synchronization of planting of seed, a seed metering unit empty
notification signal is provided if the derived metric is satisfied
and sensor readings confirm the absence of seed in the seed
metering unit.
Inventors: |
GLENDENNING; MATTHEW K.;
(ELTOPIA, WA) ; GOLDMAN; DANIEL M.; (DES MOINES,
IA) ; JOHNSON; DAVID E.; (GRIMES, IA) ;
KELSICK; JASON J.; (ALLEMAN, IA) ; SMITH; DAVID
C.; (ANKENY, IA) |
Assignee: |
PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL,
INC.
JOHNSTON
IA
|
Family ID: |
43899100 |
Appl. No.: |
12/607372 |
Filed: |
October 28, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
700/240 ;
111/130 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01C 7/105 20130101;
A01C 21/005 20130101; Y10S 111/903 20130101; A01C 7/046 20130101;
Y10S 111/90 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
700/240 ;
111/130 |
International
Class: |
G06F 17/00 20060101
G06F017/00; A01C 7/08 20060101 A01C007/08 |
Claims
1. A seed planter adapted for detecting when a seed metering unit
is empty, the planter comprising: a mobile structure having a seed
staging, metering and planting unit; the seed metering unit
comprising: a. seed metering means; b. a seed pick-up and drop
point; and c. a sensor for detecting seed at the seed pick-up
point; a seed detection protocol comprising: a. a derived metric
equated to timing of movement of a seed carried by seed metering
means from the seed pick-up to seed drop point, and b. wherein a
seed metering unit empty notification is provided if: i. sensor
readings confirm the absence of seed in the seed metering unit; and
ii. the derived metric is satisfied.
2. The seed planter of claim 1 wherein the seed metering unit
further comprises a hopper having a seed collection point proximate
the seed pick-up point, the sensor being positioned at the seed
collection point for detecting seed.
3. The seed planter of claim 2 wherein the seed metering unit
further comprises a seed positioning system, wherein said seed
positioning system comprises: a. seed positioning means having a
seed moving influence directed generally toward the seed collection
point; b. said seed positioning means to assist in moving seed
toward the seed collection point for pick up by the seed metering
means; and c. said seed positioning means providing continuous
planting of an entire batch of seed without skips.
4. The seed planter of claim 3 wherein said seed positioning means
comprises: a. a pneumatic agitator having a pathway of influence
directed generally toward the seed collection point for moving seed
to the seed collection point; b. a vibrating agitator for
encouraging movement of seed to the seed collection point; or c. a
mechanical armature having a moving component directed generally
toward the seed collection point for moving seed to the seed
collection point.
5. The seed planter of claim 1 wherein the seed staging unit
comprises at least two separated spaces for staging batches of seed
in isolation from the other.
6. The seed planter of claim 5 further comprising a seed
transitioning device between the seed staging and metering unit,
the seed transitioning device having an open position corresponding
with each of the separated spaces in the seed staging unit.
7. The seed planter of claim 6 further comprising a controller
providing an instruction to said seed transitioning device to
actuate to said open position upon receipt of said seed metering
unit empty notification.
8. The seed planter of claim 1 wherein the derived metric
comprises: a. displacement of a shaft associated with movement of
the mobile structure; b. displacement or travel of the mobile
structure; c. displacement of a shaft associated with driving said
seed metering means; d. position monitoring of said seed metering
means; or e. position monitoring of said mobile structure.
9. The seed planter of claim 8 wherein displacement is captured by:
a. a light reading; b. a voltage change; c. a current change; d. a
signal change; e. a resistance change; or f. a polarity or dipole
change.
10. The seed planter of claim 8 wherein displacement of said shaft
is calculated by reading an output of a position sensor.
11. The seed planter of claim 10 wherein displacement required for
satisfying the derived metric is adjustable to provide a safety
factor to thereby ensure accuracy of the seed metering unit empty
notification.
12. A seed detection and planting synchronization system for
detecting when a seed metering unit is empty, the seed detection
system comprising: a seed metering unit comprising: a. seed
metering means; b. a seed pick-up and drop point; and c. an
agitator having a path of influence directed generally toward a
seed collection point contiguous with said seed pick-up point, the
agitator adapted to encourage seed movement toward said seed
collection point for pick up by said seed metering means; a seed
detection protocol comprising: a. a derived metric equated to
movement of a seed carried by seed metering means from the seed
pick-up to seed drop point, and b. wherein a seed metering unit
empty notification is provided if: i. sensor readings confirm the
absence of seed in the seed metering unit; and ii. the derived
metric is satisfied.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein the seed metering unit further
comprises a seed detection sensor positioned contiguous with the
seed collection point for detecting when the seed collection point
is empty of seed.
14. The system of claim 12 wherein the seed metering means
comprises: a. a vacuum plate seed meter; b. a finger pickup seed
meter; c. a brush-type seed meter; d. a plate-type seed meter; or
e. a belt-type seed meter.
15. The system of claim 12 wherein the agitator comprises: a. a
pneumatic agitator providing airstreams for cooperating with said
vacuum assisted seed plate for moving seed into said seed
collection point; b. a vibrating agitator for moving seed into said
seed collection point; or c. a mechanical armature for moving seed
into said seed collection point.
16. The system of claim 12 in combination with a seed planter.
17. A seed planter configurable between planting the same or
different seed batch types and preventing carryover between
different seed batches types, the seed planter comprising: a seed
batch dispensing detection protocol for a seed metering unit
comprising: a. a derived metric equated to movement of a seed
carried by a seed metering means from a seed pick-up point to a
seed drop point in communication with a seed planting unit; and b.
wherein a seed metering unit empty notification is provided if: i.
sensor readings confirm the absence of seed in the seed metering
unit; and ii. the derived metric is satisfied; a seed staging unit
comprising separated spaces for staging batches of seed; a seed
transitioning device having an open position corresponding with
each separated space; and wherein the seed transitioning device
moves to one of said open positions when the seed metering unit
empty notification is provided.
18. The seed planter of claim 17 further comprising: a. a first
seed dispensing protocol for dispensing same seed batch types; or
b. a second seed dispensing protocol for dispensing different seed
batch types.
19. The seed planter of claim 18 wherein the first seed dispensing
protocol comprises: a. said seed transitioning device being
actuated to an open position associated with at least one separated
space in the seed staging unit; and b. consecutive same seed batch
types being introduced into at least one separated space in the
staging unit for continuous planting of the same seed type.
20. The seed planter of claim 18 wherein the second seed dispensing
protocol comprises: a. different seed batch types being separated
into said separated spaces in the staging unit; b. said seed
transitioning device being actuated to a first open position
associated with a first separated space in the staging unit upon
receipt of said seed metering unit empty notification; and c. said
seed transitioning device being actuated to a second open position
associated with a second separated space in the staging unit upon
receipt of said seed metering unit empty notification.
21. The seed planter of claim 17 wherein the seed metering unit
further comprises a seed positioning system, wherein said seed
positioning system comprises: a. seed positioning means directed
generally toward the seed pick-up point; and b. said seed
positioning means to assist in moving seed toward the seed pick-up
point for pick up by the seed metering means.
22. A method for a seed planter for preventing seed carryover
during the planting of different seed batch types, the method
comprising: providing a seed planter comprising a seed staging,
metering and planting unit, wherein the seed metering unit
comprises seed metering means having a seed pick-up point and drop
point, the seed drop point in communication with the seed planting
unit; monitoring a derived metric equated to timing of movement of
a seed carried from the seed pick-up point to the seed drop point;
issuing a seed metering unit empty signal if: a. sensor readings
confirm the absence of seed in the seed metering unit; and b. the
derived metric is satisfied; moving a next seed batch from the seed
staging unit to the seed metering unit upon receipt of said seed
metering unit empty signal.
23. The method of claim 22 further comprising encouraging movement
of seed in the seed metering unit to a seed collection point
contiguous with said seed pick-up point by: a. channeling
airstreams directed toward the seed collection point for
encouraging movement of seed toward said seed collection point; b.
introducing vibrations at the seed collection point for encouraging
movement of seed toward said seed collection point; or c. moving a
mechanical armature toward the seed collection point for
encouraging movement of seed toward said seed collection point.
24. The method of claim 22 wherein monitoring the derived metric
step comprises detecting displacement or change in position of the
seed planter or seed metering means by: a. monitoring a light
reading; b. monitoring a voltage reading; c. monitoring a
capacitance change; d. monitoring a signal change; e. monitoring a
resistance change; or f. monitoring a polarity or dipole
change.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein said detecting step comprises
monitoring displacement of said seed planter or seed metering unit
by reading an output of a displacement detection system.
26. The method of claim 25 further comprising adjusting said output
of said displacement detection system for the derived metric to be
satisfied for providing a safety factor for ensuring accuracy of
the seed metering unit empty signal.
27. The method of claim 22 further comprising a seed dispensing
protocol comprising: a. a first seed dispensing protocol for
dispensing same seed batch types; or b. a second seed dispensing
protocol for dispensing different seed batch types.
28. The method of claim 27 wherein the first seed dispensing
protocol comprises: a. actuating a seed transitioning device to an
open position associated with at least one seed staging location in
the seed staging unit; and b. introducing consecutive same seed
batch types into the at least one seed staging location in the seed
staging unit for continuous planting of the same seed type.
29. The method of claim 27 wherein the second seed dispensing
protocol comprises: a. storing different seed batch types in
separated seed staging locations in the staging unit; b. actuating
a seed transitioning device to a first open position associated
with a first seed staging location for transitioning one seed batch
type into the seed metering unit for planting; c. dispensing seed
from said seed metering unit for planting; and d. actuating said
seed transitioning device to a second open position associated with
a second seed staging location upon receipt of said seed metering
unit empty signal for transitioning another seed batch type into
the seed metering unit for planting.
30. A method for synchronizing planting by automatically detecting
when a batch of seed has been completely dispensed from a seed
metering unit, the method comprising: providing a seed detection
protocol for detecting when the seed metering unit is empty, the
seed detection protocol comprising: a. monitoring a derived metric
equated to movement of a seed carried from a seed pick-up point to
a seed drop point in the seed metering unit; b. agitating seed in
the seed metering unit for encouraging movement of seed to a seed
collection point contiguous with the seed pick-up point; c. taking
seed sensor readings at the seed collection point; and d.
generating a seed metering unit empty signal if: i. seed sensor
readings confirm the absence of seed at the seed collection point;
and ii. the derived metric is satisfied.
31. The method of claim 30 wherein monitoring the derived metric
comprises: a. monitoring movement of a seed from the seed pick-up
point to the seed drop point; b. monitoring driving means providing
movement of a seed from the seed pick-up point to the seed drop
point; or c. monitoring displacement associated with movement of
said seed metering unit.
32. The method of claim 30 in combination with a seed planter.
33. The method of claim 32 further comprising planting same seed
batch types with said seed planter by: a. actuating a seed
transitioning device to an open position associated with at least
one seed staging location in the seed staging unit; and b.
introducing consecutive same seed batch types into the at least one
seed staging location in the seed staging unit for continuous
planting of the same seed type.
34. The method of claim 32 further comprising planting different
seed batch types with said seed planter by: a. staging different
seed batch types in separated staging locations in a staging unit;
b. actuating a seed transitioning device to a first open position
associated with a first seed staging location for transitioning one
seed batch type into the seed metering unit for planting; c.
dispensing seed from the seed metering unit for planting; and d.
actuating said seed transitioning device to a second open position
associated with a second seed staging location upon receipt of said
seed metering unit empty signal for transitioning another seed
batch type into the seed metering unit for planting.
35. The method of claim 32 wherein monitoring the derived metric
comprises: a. monitoring displacement of a shaft associated with
forward displacement of the seed planter; b. monitoring
displacement associated movement of the seed planter; c. monitoring
position of said seed planter; or d. monitoring position of one or
more components moving commensurate with movement of said seed
planter.
36. The method of claim 30 wherein said agitating step comprises:
a. channeling airstreams directed toward the seed collection point
for encouraging movement of seed toward said seed collection point;
b. introducing vibrations at the seed collection point for
encouraging movement of seed toward said seed collection point; or
c. moving a mechanical armature toward the seed collection point
for encouraging movement of seed toward said seed collection point.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to an automated seed detection
and planting synchronization apparatus, method and system, and
particularly to an automated seed detection and planting
synchronization apparatus, method and system for use with a seed
planter adapted for detecting when a seed metering unit is empty of
seed.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Previously, to verify if all seed had been fully dispensed
from a seed metering unit, the seed hopper was visually monitored
or inspected. If the metering unit was believed to be empty, new
seed or another seed batch was introduced and planting continued.
Visual inspection sometimes requires stoppage of planting and thus
results in delays and extended gaps between plots as the planter
continues through the field. Further, visual or rushed manual
inspection to verify if a metering unit is empty is not without
error. In the case where different seed batch types are being
planted, it is utterly important that the metering unit be
confirmed as being empty of all seed before the next seed batch is
planted to avoid carryover and contamination of the seed plot.
[0003] Therefore, a need has been identified in the art to provide
an automated seed detection and planting synchronization apparatus,
method and system for detecting when the seed metering unit is
empty to prevent carryover and/or contamination of a seed plot.
[0004] Ascertaining whether a seed metering unit is empty by
monitoring or inspecting the seed metering unit either manually or
visually is subject to error. As such, actual and validated
confirmation of the seed metering unit being totally empty of seed
may not occur prior to the introduction of the next seed batch into
the seed metering unit. If the seed metering unit is in fact not
entirely empty, the premature introduction of seed into the seed
metering unit creates a risk of seed carryover and/or contamination
of a seed plot. Further, because the planter is continuously moving
through the field during planting, gap control reliability between
different seed batches may be mitigated as a result of undetected
seed in the seed metering unit. For example, an undetected seed
leftover in the seed metering unit may be planted during gap
planting or with the next seed batch resulting in seed carryover
and/or contamination of the seed plot.
[0005] Therefore, a further need has been identified in the art to
provide an automated seed detection and planting synchronization
apparatus, method and system adapted for detecting when the seed
metering unit is empty for timing the introduction of the next seed
batch into the seed metering unit for controlling the length of the
gap between planted plots to further reduce carryover and/or
contamination risks.
[0006] Automated systems for detecting the movement of seed in and
out of a seed metering unit lack the ability to provide actual and
validated confirmation that the seed metering unit is truly empty
of any and all seed. Often, a subsequent planting action is taken
based on the assumption, but not an actual validated (automated)
confirmation, that the seed metering unit is empty.
[0007] Therefore, a still further need has been identified in the
art to provide an automated seed detection and planting
synchronization apparatus, method and system having an automated
seed detection protocol for providing an actual and validated seed
meter emptying notification signal, response or instruction when
the seed metering unit is empty to allow an operator to rely on the
notification without risking contamination and/or carryover of a
seed batch or seed plot.
SUMMARY
[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, an
improved seed planter adapted for detecting when a seed metering
unit is empty is disclosed. The planter includes a mobile structure
having a seed staging, metering and planting unit. The seed
metering unit includes seed metering means, a seed pick-up and drop
point, and a sensor at the seed pick-up point for detecting even
one single seed. A seed detection protocol is also provided that
includes a derived metric equated to timing of movement of a seed
carried by seed metering means from the seed pick-up to the seed
drop point. A seed metering unit empty notification is provided if
the derived metric is satisfied and sensor readings confirm the
absence of seed in the seed metering unit.
[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a new
method for a seed planter for preventing seed carryover during the
planting of different seed batch types is disclosed. The method
includes the steps of providing a seed planter having a seed
staging, metering and planting unit. The seed metering unit
includes seed metering means having a seed pick-up point and drop
point. The seed drop point is in communication with the seed
planting unit. The method also includes monitoring a derived metric
equated to timing of movement of a seed carried from the seed
pick-up point to the seed drop point, issuing a seed metering unit
empty signal if the derived metric is satisfied and sensor readings
confirm the absence of seed in the seed metering unit. Included
also in the method is the step of moving a next seed batch from the
seed staging unit to the seed metering unit upon receipt of the
seed metering unit empty signal.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] While the specification concludes with claims particularly
pointing out and distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed
that the present invention will be better understood from the
following description taken in conjunction with the accompanied
drawings in which:
[0011] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the
present invention;
[0012] FIG. 2 is a perspective view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1
illustrating a row unit according to one aspect of the present
invention;
[0013] FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a staging unit according to
one aspect of the present invention;
[0014] FIGS. 3B-D are plan views of the staging unit with the gate
being actuated to one or more open positions according to one
aspect of the present invention;
[0015] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a staging and metering unit
combination according to one aspect of the present invention;
[0016] FIG. 5 is a side elevation view illustrating various
internal components of the seed metering unit according to one
aspect of the present invention;
[0017] FIG. 6 is an illustration of the seed metering unit taken
along line 6-6 in FIG. 5;
[0018] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating operation of one
embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating operation of a seed
detection protocol according to one aspect of the present
invention;
[0020] FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating operation of a derived
metric according to one aspect of the present invention; and
[0021] FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating the automated seed
detection and planting synchronization system according to one
aspect of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and
is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application or
uses. For a better understanding of the invention, several
exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail. Reference
will be taken from time-to-time to the appended drawings. Reference
numerals will be used to indicate certain parts and locations
throughout the figures unless otherwise indicated.
Apparatus
[0023] An improved seed planter providing automated seed detection
and planting synchronization for preventing carryover and
contamination of a batch of seed or seed plot is shown generally in
FIG. 1. For the purpose of this application, the term "plot" or
"seed plot" is to be understood as the total plantings resulting
from a single batch of seed. Therefore, multiple batches of planted
seed would result in multiple seed plots.
[0024] In the case where aspects of the present invention are
included in a seed planter, such as planter 10 illustrated in FIG.
1, a mobile structure 12 is provided as supporting structure for a
plurality of row units 14. The present invention is not limited to
use with seed planters, but has application wherever an empty
verification is desired. For example, verifying whether or not a
device or apparatus for metering materials is empty to know when
the next material batch may be introduced into the material meter
to avoid carryover or contamination of the batches being dispensed
is of utmost importance across varied industries. The number of row
units 14 supported by mobile structure 12 may be a number best
suited for each particular application. Those skilled in the art
can appreciate the requisite spacing and number of row units 14
needed for various planting applications.
[0025] Each row unit 14 includes generally some form of a
floatation linkage assembly such as parallel linkage 22. Parallel
linkage 22 is attached to a mounting plate 24 secured to mobile
structure 12. A frame 26 supporting row unit 16 is attached to the
parallel linkage 22 which is supported by mounting plate 24, as is
customary in the art. Parallel linkage 22 allows row unit 14 to
follow the terrain as the planter passes through the field. The
planting unit 16 may be a commercial unit, such as a JOHN DEERE XP
PRO row unit (see row units [online], [retrieved 2009-07-21].
Retrieved from the Internet http://www.deere.com) or another brand
of row unit which are known in the art. As is customary, the row
unit 16 includes generally a frame 26 supported by parallel linkage
22. Rotatably attached to frame 26 is a plurality of various types
of wheels including, such as, a coulter wheel, a furrow opener
wheel, a depth gage wheel, and/or a closing wheel. Typically, a
conduit, such as a seed tube, passes through the frame 26 from seed
metering unit 100 whereby seed metered from seed metering unit 100
is passed through for planting in the field. Seed metering unit 100
is attached to frame 26 of planting unit 16. Supported atop seed
metering unit 100 is a staging unit 30 adapted for staging seed to
be introduced into seed metering unit 100. As is customary with a
seed planter, such as seed planter 10, mobile structure 12 includes
a hitch 20 for securing mobile structure 12 to a towing implement.
Mobile structure 12 also includes one or more lift assist wheel
assemblies 28 for raising and lowering the mobile structure 12 as
needed. Lift assist wheel assemblies 28 are well known in the art.
Mobile structure 12 can, in addition to being towed by some towing
implement, be piloted by automation through the field by an
autonomous navigational system.
[0026] Mobile structure 12 may also include a control panel 80 for
housing one or more of the operating components of the seed planter
10. Control panel 80 may include one or more control wires 82
extending to each row unit 14 of seed planter 10. Operating
instructions may be communicated through control wires 82 to
individual row units 14 for operating various components associated
with each row unit 14.
[0027] In one aspect, seed planter 10 includes a variable speed
control 84 for controlling or defining the ratio between ground
speed and speed of shafts 86. In one aspect of the invention, the
variable speed control 84 could include a gear box. Shafts 86
extend from the variable speed control 84 outward toward each row
unit 14. A sprocket 88 or other type of gear is mounted on shaft 86
adjacent each row unit 14. Rotation of shaft 86 imparts rotation to
sprockets 88. Shaft 86 may be rotatably supported by one or more
bearings attached to mobile structure 12. A chain or belt connects
each sprocket 88 with each respective row unit 14. Rotation of the
chain or belt is configured to impart rotation to seed disk 112
associated with each seed metering unit 100. Thus, in one aspect of
the present invention, seed metering unit 100 is mechanically
linked and driven by rotation of shaft 86. Rotation may be imparted
to variable speed control 84 by rotation of a shaft resulting from
movement of seed planter 10 through the field. An air compressor 90
may also be provided and operatively attached to mobile structure
12 so that various aspects of the seed planter 10, such as each row
unit 14, may be operated pneumatically. For example, compressor 90
could be configured to communicate compressed air to operate each
actuator 48 associated with each row unit 14. Compressor 90 could
also be used to actuate lift assist wheel assemblies 28 for raising
and lowering mobile structure 12 as needed.
[0028] Those skilled in the art can appreciate that various options
exist for imparting rotation to seed metering unit 100 as seed
planter 10 moves through the field. In the embodiment illustrated
in FIG. 1, each seed disk 112 associated with each seed metering
unit 100 is mechanically linked with rotation of shaft 86 tied into
variable speed control 84. Variable speed control 84 may include
one or more means for adjusting the gear ratio and the subsequent
rotational velocity of shaft 86 based on forward movement and/or
velocity of seed planter 10 through the field.
[0029] Mobile structure 12 may be configured with one or more
operator pedestals 92 whereby one or more operators are able to
stand adjacent each row unit 14 for monitoring and facilitating
operation of each row unit 14. For example, operators may stand on
operator pedestals 92 to introduce batches of seed into staging
unit 30 as seed planter 10 passes through the field. Standing atop
operator pedestals 92, operators are able to view light indicators
76 associated with staging units 30, which indicate to or instruct
an operator to proceed with introducing another batch of seed into
staging unit 30 and/or seed metering unit 100.
[0030] As is best illustrated in FIG. 2, row unit 14 includes a
staging unit 30 supported by attachment to either frame 26 or seed
metering unit 100. Staging unit 30 is in seed delivering
communication with seed metering unit 100, which in-turn is in seed
delivering communication with seed planting unit 16. For example,
and as is customary with a planting unit such as planting unit 16
illustrated in FIG. 2, as row unit 14 passes through the field,
seed metered from the seed metering unit 100 is planted in the
field using one or more of the wheels rotatably supported by frame
26, such as a coulter wheel, a furrow opener wheel, a depth gage
wheel and/or a closing wheel.
[0031] The staging unit 30 sitting atop seed metering unit 100 as
best illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3A provides a means for housing,
separating and quickly transitioning similar or dissimilar seed
batch types in a controlled manner into seed metering unit 100. In
one aspect of the present invention, staging unit 30 includes
generally a hopper 34. The hopper 34 includes one or more separated
spaces 32A and 32B for housing similar or dissimilar seed batch
types in separation from each other. The separation provided
between the one or more spaces 32A and 32B may be a barrier 36,
such as a dividing wall or membrane. Walls forming the body of the
hopper 34 may be generally vertical or tapered inward to focus the
transition of seed to a common point. The taper of the walls is
such that hopper 34 is self-cleaning (i.e., gravity is able to
overcome both static and kinetic friction of a seed within the
hopper 34). In the case where hopper 34 is a dual bin hopper, such
as illustrated in the figures, a first separated space 32A and a
second separated spaced 32B are provided. A first inlet 38A is
provided to the first separated space 32A and a second inlet 38B is
provided to the second separated space 32B. The hopper 34 includes
one or more outlets whereby seed is dispensed into the seed
metering unit 100. The hopper 34 is supported by a frame 44. The
frame 44 may be secured to planting unit 16, such as where frame 44
is secured to frame 26 of planting unit 16. Frame 44 may also be
secured to the seed metering unit 100. Supported by frame 44 is a
transitioning device 42 operated by an actuator 48. Those skilled
in the art can appreciate that hopper 34 may be positioned at
various locations about the planter and/or secured to the mobile
structure 12 at a position near the row unit 14 whereby the outlet
of hopper 34 is in seed receiving communication with seed metering
unit 100 via one or more conduits, such as a seed tube. Seed
dispensed from hopper 34 situated closely adjacent to or remotely
from the planting unit 16 could be communicated to seed metering
unit 100 through seed tubes either pneumatically or by gravity.
[0032] Each separated space 32A and 32B associated with hopper 34
may include a light indicator 76 to instruct an operator when to
introduce a next seed batch from one or more of the separated
spaces into the seed metering unit 100. In short, the operator can
rely on the light indicator 76 associated with each separated space
32A and 32B of hopper 34 as an indication that the seed metering
unit 100 is empty of all seed and that it is appropriate to
introduce the next batch of seed from one of the separated spaces
32A and 32B of hopper 34. Light indicator 76 includes control wire
78 in operable communication with control panel 80 (shown in FIG.
1). The present invention contemplates that the functionality and
purpose of light indicator 76 may be embodied in other components
or hardware adapted or configured to instruct the operator when to
introduce the next batch of seed into the seed metering unit 100.
For example, staging unit 30 could include a visual indicator, an
audible indicator or a tactile indicator to instruct the operator
when to introduce the next seed batch into the seed metering unit
100. Confirmation that each batch of seed has been entirely
dispensed from the seed metering unit 100 is also important to
allow the operator to know when to introduce the next seed batch
into one or more of the separated spaces 32A and 32B associated
with hopper 34.
[0033] FIGS. 3B-3D best illustrate movement of transitioning device
42 via actuator 48. Actuator 48 is attached to frame 44 and
includes a piston 58 operably attached to slide bracket 56. The
piston 58 is moveable between a closed position 62 (see FIG. 3B), a
first open position 64 (see FIG. 3C), and a second open position 68
(see FIG. 3D). The slide bracket 56 is attached to arm 54 which is
secured to gate 46. Gate 46 includes a flat plate 60 supported by
slide rail 70. Slide rail 70 supports movement of flat plate 60
between a closed position 62, a first open position 64 and a second
open position 68. Plate 60 is preferably constructed of a metal or
plastic material of minimal thickness, but sufficiently rigid to
provide a closing functionality to first outlet 40A and second
outlet 40B of hopper 34. Plate 60 may be configured to having the
same opening/closing functionality of a gate similar to that of a
clam shell, iris diaphragm, trap or self-centering gate/door. FIG.
3B illustrates gate 46 of transitioning device 42 in closed
position 62. In closed position 62, slide plate 60 of gate 46 is in
blocking position to first outlet 40A corresponding with first
separated space 32A and second outlet 40B corresponding with second
separated space 32B. In closed position 62, seed introduced into
first separated space 32A and second separated space 32B through
first inlet 38A and second inlet 32B is retained within first
separated space 32A and second separated space 32B until actuation
of gate 46 to either the first open position 64 shown in FIG. 3C or
the second open position 68 shown in FIG. 3D. Actuator 48 may be
mechanically, pneumatically, hydraulically, hydrostatically, or
electronically controlled for transitioning gate 46 between
positions. Actuator 48 may include a power supply 72 and one or
more control wires 74 for operating actuator 48 and moving gate 46
between one or more actuated positions. Operating instructions
communicated to actuator 48 control movement of gate 46 between
actuated positions. The preferred embodiment of hopper 34, as
described herein, is configured so that gate 46 may be actuated
quickly between open and closed positions for either the first
separated space 32A or second separated space 32B, which allows
staging of multiple seed batches and quick transfer of either from
the hopper 34 to the seed metering unit 100.
[0034] In FIG. 3C, piston 58 has been extended a distance to move
slide bracket 56 in the direction of the arrow as illustrated.
Movement of slide bracket 56, which is attached to gate 46 by arm
54, moves slide plate 60 in the direction of the illustrated arrow
thereby opening first outlet 40A (i.e., in the first open position
64 slide plate 60 of gate 46 is no longer in blocking position to
first outlet 40A). At the first outlet 40A of first separated space
32A is a chute 52 angled and positioned to be in communication with
the inlet 102 of seed metering unit 100. As illustrated in FIG. 10,
a controller, such as a programmable logic controller (PLC), may be
used to monitor the position of gate 46 and calibrate the movement
of gate 46 relative to first outlet 40A and second outlet 40B so as
to not impede or interfere with the transition of seed from hopper
34 into seed metering unit 100. The controller may be used to
provide instructions to actuator 48 to cause piston 58 to move gate
46 to an actuated position. The present invention contemplates that
actuator 48 may be a linear actuator adapted for moving gate 46
between the various actuated positions. FIG. 3D illustrates gate 46
in the second open position 68. In the second open position 68,
both first outlet 40A and second outlet 40B are open whereby
objects within first separated space 32A and second separated space
32B are allowed to exit hopper 34 through opening 50A and opening
50B in chute 52 and into seed metering unit 100.
[0035] In FIG. 3D, piston 58 is fully extended from actuator 48 to
move gate 46 out of blocking position of first outlet 40A and
second outlet 40B corresponding with first separated space 32A and
second separated space 32B respectively. Slide plate 60 of gate 46
is slidably supported by slide rails 70 attached to frame 44 in
hopper 34. When gate 46 is in second open position 68, first inlet
38A and second inlet 38B are in open communication with opening 50A
and opening 50B respectively. Actuator 48, upon receiving one or
more instructions, may be moved back to first open position 64 or
closed position 62 whereby either or both first outlet 40A and
second outlet 40B are closed by slide plate 60. Chute 52 may
include a barrier similar to barrier 36 whereby opening 50A and
opening 50B are partitioned into separate openings for providing
separated communication of seed through chute 52 into seed metering
unit 100. Alternatively, chute 52 may provide a continuous opening
(non-partitioned opening) whereby opening 50A may be in
communication with second outlet 40B of second separated space 32B.
Similarly, opening 50B may be in communication with first outlet
40A associated with first separated space 32A when gate 46 is in
either the first open position 64 or second open position 68. A
controller providing instructions to actuator 48 may be calibrated
so that gate 46 is moved directly beneath or out of an obstructing
pathway to both first outlet 40A and second outlet 40B of hopper
34.
[0036] FIG. 4 illustrates generally staging unit 30 and seed
metering unit 100. Staging unit 30 sits preferably atop seed
metering unit 100. First outlet 40A and second outlet 40B of
staging unit 30 illustrated in FIGS. 3B-D are in communication with
inlet 102 of seed metering unit 100 via chute 52. Metering unit 100
may be any type of metering unit capable of metering objects, such
as seed, in a consistent, concise and singulated manner, these
could include the pneumatic seed metering units disclosed in U.S.
Pat. Nos. 5,325,801 and 5,501,366 or a JOHN DEERE VACU METER
customarily used on the JOHN DEERE XP PRO SERIES row unit (see row
units [online], [retrieved 2009-07-21]. Retrieved from the Internet
http://www.deere.com). A commercial seed metering unit 100, such as
any one of the aforementioned units is capable of moving objects,
such as seed, from a seed pick-up point 116 to a seed drop point
118 using one or more seed pick-ups 114 on seed disc 112. Capturing
of a single seed 130 on each seed pick-up 114 may be performed
pneumatically where the seed metering unit 100 operates using a
vacuum plate for metering seed. In the case where the seed metering
unit 100 uses a vacuum plate to pick-up seed 130 at the seed
pick-up point 116 and release seed 130 at the seed drop point 118,
vacuum is communicated to seed pick-ups 114 in seed disc 112 when
seed pick-ups 114 are between the seed pick-up point 116 and seed
drop point 118. Thus, a seed pick-up 114 has vacuum when the seed
pick-up 114 rotates into the seed collection area 108 and continues
having vacuum to hold seed 130 at each seed pick-up 114 until
reaching the seed drop point 118 where the vacuum being
communicated to each seed pick-up 114 is cut-off so the seed 130 is
released from the seed pick-up 114 and dropped into the outlet 104
of seed metering unit 100.
[0037] Seed passing through outlet 104 of seed metering unit 100 is
introduced into planting unit 16 for planting in the field. The
seed metering unit 100 includes a seed hopper 106 where seed
dispensed from staging unit 30 collects adjacent seed disc 112 for
pick-up by a seed pick-up 114 on seed disc 112. General description
for operation of a pneumatic seed metering unit is disclosed in one
or more issued patents, including U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,325,801 and
5,501,366, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by
reference. Rotation of seed disc 112 may be provided by a motor or
by geared linkage driven by forward movement of seed planter 10. In
the case where seed disc 112 is rotated by a motor, the motor may
be electrically, hydrostatically, or pneumatically driven. Means
for instructing rotation and the rate of rotation of seed disc 112
could be provided by a controller. In the case where seed disc 112
is driven by gears or other mechanical linkage driven by movement
of the planter, the gearing/linkage (e.g., variable speed control)
may be configured to control the rate of rotation of the seed disc
112 relative to forward displacement of the planter 10.
[0038] FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate generally the internal components
of seed metering unit 100. As previously discussed, seed metering
unit 100 includes an inlet 102 in communication with staging unit
30. Objects such as seed being dispensed from staging unit 30 enter
into seed metering unit 100 through inlet 102. Seed received within
metering unit 100 is collected within a hopper 106 of seed metering
unit 100 adjacent seed disc 112. In the case where seed metering
means 110 is a pneumatic or vacuum plate, seed 130 is picked up by
a seed pick-up 114 on seed disc 112. Generally, commercial
embodiments of seed metering unit 100 are designed so that seed
disc 112 picks up seed 130 at a seed pick-up point 116 and drops
seed from seed disc 112 at a seed drop point 118. Seed dispensed
into seed metering unit 100 from staging unit 30 collects at seed
collection point 108 and remains there until picked-up by seed disc
112.
[0039] According to one aspect of the present invention, to ensure
that all seed within hopper 106 are moved to the seed collection
point 108 for pick-up by the seed disc 112, a seed positioning
means 122 is placed within hopper 106 to encourage seed movement
toward the seed collection point 108 or area. Seed positioning
means or means for encouraging movement of seed to the seed
collection point 108 is important in overcoming both static and
kinetic friction between the seed and interior surfaces of the seed
metering unit 100. For example, seed treatments may cause seed to
become tacky and even sticky in humid environments. Thus, seed that
might otherwise get hung-up in its transition to the seed
collection point 108 is moved to the seed collection point 108 by
seed positioning means 122. Seed positioning means 122 continually
moves seed within the seed metering unit 100 to seed collection
point 108 for metering to planting unit 16 thereby ensuring
continuous planting of every seed from a seed batch without any
skips resulting between each successive seed planting event. The
seed collection point 108 or area is defined generally as the
point/area at, around or adjacent the vicinity where seed within
hopper 106 is picked-up by a seed pick-up 114 or seed disc 112.
Seed positioning means 122 may include one or more types or forms
of an agitator 124. For example, seed positioning means 122 may
include a pneumatic agitator such as illustrated in FIGS. 5-6 where
the pneumatic agitator includes a nozzle 126 for directing
compressed air from a source 128 generally toward the seed
collection point 108 or area for moving seed toward the seed
collection point 108 for pick-up by the seed disc 112. Other seed
positioning means 122 could include a vibrating agitator having a
vibration field directed generally toward the seed collection point
108 for moving seed to the seed collection point for pick-up by the
seed disc 112. Another seed positioning means 122 could include a
mechanical armature having a moving component directed generally
toward the seed collection point 108 or area for moving seed to the
seed collection point 108 or area for pick-up by the seed disc 112.
Other mechanical means for moving seed to the seed collection point
108 could include a continuous belt directed in its path of
rotation toward the seed collection point 108. The pathway of
influence of the seed positioning means 122 may be oriented so as
to influence and encourage seed toward the seed collection point
108 without affecting seed having already been picked up by seed
disc 112. For example, in the case where seed positioning means 122
is a pneumatic agitator 124 having a nozzle 126, the air stream
from the compressed air source 128 may be jetted through nozzle 126
such that the pathway of influence of the air stream is sufficient
to encourage seed toward the seed collection point 108 without
disturbing the ordinary operation of seed metering unit 100. The
magnitude of influence of seed positioning means 122 may be
controlled by instructions from a controller and/or input from an
operator. For example, in the case where seed positioning means 122
is a pneumatic agitator 124, an electric valve receiving
instructions from a controller or controlled by manual control
inputs may be incrementally opened or closed to control the pathway
of influence of air exiting nozzle 126. Pneumatic agitator 124
could also be configured to operate under a continuous stream of
compressed air passing through the nozzle into the seed collection
area 108. Similarly, an electronic controller or manual control
inputs may be used to control the magnitude of the field of
influence of the vibration source in the case where seed
positioning means 122 is a vibrating agitator. An electronic
controller or manual control inputs may also be used to control
movement of a mechanical armature for mechanically moving a
component of the mechanical armature directed generally towards the
seed collection point 108 for encouraging seed toward the seed
collection point 108 for pick-up by seed disc 112. The electronic
or manual control inputs provided to seed positioning means 122
could also be used to indicate to an operator the operational
status or magnitude of influence of the seed positioning means
122.
[0040] In addition to seed positioning means 122 within hopper 106
of seed metering unit 100 and in accordance with another aspect of
the present invention, a sensor 120 is configured at least
partially within hopper 106 of seed metering unit 100 in
communication with seed collection point 108 for detecting the
absence or presence of seed 130 at seed collection point 108.
Sensor 120 could be positioned within or at the outlet 104 of seed
metering unit 100 to monitor seed being released to planting unit
16. Sensor 120 may include any type of sensor capable of detecting
the presence or absence of seed 130. For example, sensor 120 could
be a photoelectric sensor, an ultrasonic or radar type sensor, or
another type of sensor capable of detecting seed presence or
absence at seed collection point 108 in hopper 106 of seed metering
unit 100. Sensor 120 is preferably in operable communication with a
controller whereby readings from sensor 120 are taken and used to
provide information and/or notifications to the operator, and/or
used to control one or more operations of the invention. Signals or
readings from sensor 120 processed by the controller could also be
used in one or more seed detection protocols or algorithms for
operating one or more aspects of the present invention (see FIGS.
8-10). Sensor 120 has a source 132 for providing some type of
emittance energy for detecting the absence or presence of seed
within hopper 106. For example, in the case where sensor 120 is a
photoelectric sensor, energy in the form of light is received at
sensor 120 from light source 132. One type of photoelectric sensor
suitable for use in detecting the absence or presence of seed at
the seed collection point 108 is a Contrinex LTK 1040 301 506,
unthreaded body, 4 mm cylinder, 20 mm distance sensor (available
through CONTRINEX INC., 2 Business Park Road, Old Saybrook, Conn.
06475). The functionality accomplished using sensor 120 is not
limited to photo detecting seed absence or presence, but may be
extended to the use of light, voltage, current change, signal
change, polarity or dipole change to detect the presence or absence
of seed at seed collection point 108.
[0041] As previously discussed, seed disc 112 may be rotated by
gearing or linkage mechanically driven by movement of seed planter
10 through the field. For example, gearing or linkage tied into or
driven/rotated by a shaft associated with displacement of the seed
planter 10 may be used to rotate seed disc 112 in seed metering
unit 100.
[0042] Although the present invention is discussed within the
context of seed and metering of seed through seed metering unit
100, the present invention is not limited only to detecting when a
seed metering unit 100 is empty so that subsequent seed batches may
be introduced into the seed metering unit 100 without risk of
carryover or contamination of seed plots within a field. Aspects of
the invention have application to any scenario where a material or
object is being metered to an outlet for being dispensed and where
user or operator notification, or assurance is needed to discern
when the metering unit is empty of the material or objects to
prevent carryover or contamination of material or objects that have
or are to be metered. For example, if granular material were
dispensed by the metering means, the system of the present
invention would provide an operator or an operating system with an
instruction to introduce the next batch of material given the
systems observation that the seed metering unit 100 is completely
empty of granular materials. The next or another batch of granular
material can then be introduced into the metering unit without
risking carryover or cross contamination of the first batch of
granular material. Further, separation between when one material
batch and another material batch are dispensed could be controlled
as the operator or dispensing system receives notification that the
metering means is empty so that a next granular material batch may
be introduced into the metering unit after the desired time
separation/delay has occurred, which results in a desired spacing
between batches. Another aspect of the present invention includes
the ability to monitor seed or material levels within the seed
metering unit 100. Thus, the system could be configured to alert or
notify the operator when the seed or material level within the seed
metering unit 100 is low.
Method
[0043] FIGS. 7-9 illustrate various methods according to exemplary
aspects of the present invention.
[0044] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow diagram for the seed detection and
seed planting synchronization apparatus, method and system of the
present invention. According to one aspect of the present
invention, an operating system is provided which is in
communication with a controller, such as a programmable logic
controller (PLC). The control system is electronically powered. The
controller is linked to each row unit 14 for controlling each row
unit 14 independently or collectively. For example, one row unit
may be operating under one operating protocol while another row
unit is operating under a different operating protocol. Thus, the
controller may be multiplexed to operate one or more row units
simultaneously and in different operating modes if so desired.
[0045] The operating system for seed detection and planting
synchronization undergoes an initial power up stage (step 200).
Following power up, each row unit may be calibrated. For example,
actuated operation of the slide gate 46 may be calibrated to ensure
that slide gate 46 is blocking first outlet 40A associated with
first separate space 32A and second outlet 42B associated with
second separated space 32B when slide gate 46 is in the closed
position 62. Calibration of actuator 48 for actuating slide gate 46
to the first open position 64 and/or the second open position 68
may be performed to ensure that in the first open position 64
opening 50A is in communication with first outlet 40A and in the
second open position 68 opening 50B is in communication with second
outlet 40B. In the calibration mode (step 202), the operating
software performs a calibration routine (step 204). In another
aspect of the present invention, calibration and operation of the
slide gate 46 may be accomplished using air actuators and
mechanical steps in combination with other mechanical elements to
control stopping points for the slide gate 46.
[0046] The calibration algorithm or protocol includes capturing an
electric voltage signal from the slide gate actuator based on
position of the slide gate 46. For example, a voltage reading may
be captured for each of the slide gates when in the closed position
62, the first open position 64, and/or the second open position 68.
By manual visual inspection, the slide gates for each row unit may
be verified as being in the desired closed position, first open
position or second open position when the actuators receive
instructions to move the slide gate 46 to one of the actuated
positions. The target voltage representing the closed position,
first open position and second open position for the slide gate are
stored for example on a data store, and are retrievable by the
controller for actuating each of the individual actuators for each
row unit. If the seed planter 10 has four row units 14 and each
slide gate has three positions, (closed position, first open
position, and second open position) a total of 12 voltage
recordings are stored within data store and retrievable by the
controller for actuating each of the individual slide gates to the
desired position whether closed 62, open to the first open position
64 or open to the second open position 68. Given that each row unit
operates independent of the other and behaves differently,
calibration allows the controller to account for variations in gate
46 movement to allow control of the slide gate with precision
movement from and to the closed position, the open position and
second open position.
[0047] Depending upon the desired seed planting protocol for each
row unit 14, the controller may operate each planting unit
independently or collectively. For example, one planting protocol
may be used for operating the first and third row unit 14 while
another planting protocol may be used to operate the second and
fourth row unit 14 (in the case where the seed planter has four row
units 14). Once the calibration routine (see step 204) is complete
and stopped (see step 206), the controller exits the calibration
mode and looks to verify whether or not each of the hoppers 106 of
the seed metering unit 100 of each row unit are empty (i.e., no
seed is present in the hopper 106). If sensor 120 within the seed
metering unit 100 detects seed (i.e., the hopper is not empty) the
operator is notified preferably by a lighted indicator signaling
that the hopper is not empty (see step 210). Seed within hopper 106
may be purged or planted until the hopper not empty signal turns
off. If the hopper 106 associated with each seed metering unit 100
is empty (see step 208) the controller instructs actuator 48 to
move slide gate 46 to the closed position 62 (see step 212) (if the
slide gate is not already in closed position 62).
[0048] Each row unit 14 is operable in a "continuous" planting mode
or a "batch-to-row" planting mode. The "continuous" planting mode
is to be understood to mean that the same seed batch types are
being planted serially/sequentially, whereas the "batch-to-row"
planting mode is to be understood to mean that different seed batch
types are being planted serially/sequentially. Depending upon the
desired planting protocol, the operator or controller moves the
mode switch to "continuous" planting mode or "batch-to-row"
planting mode (see step 214). If a continuous planting of the same
seed batch type is desired, the mode switch is switched to
"continuous" planting mode. Instructions for controlling the type
of planting mode can be provided by an operator at a user interface
or by a controller. In the "continuous" planting mode, slide gate
46 associated with each row unit 14 is moved to the first open
position 64 (see step 216). In the first open position 64, the
first separated space 32A of hopper 34 is now in communication with
first outlet 40A and opening 50A. The operator may be notified that
the system is now in "continuous" planting mode. The notification
may be provided via a lamp or other visible display and/or audible
source notifying the operator that the "continuous" planting mode
is active (see step 218). With the slide gate 46 of each row unit
14 being moved to the first open position 64 seed may now be poured
into the first separated space 32A through first inlet 38A. Seed
poured into the first separated space 32A passes through first
outlet 40A and opening 50A into the seed metering unit 100 through
inlet 102 and collects within hopper 106 at seed collection point
108.
[0049] The seed planter 10 is then towed or navigated through the
field and planting begins by seed metering means picking up seed
130 from seed collection point 108 and sequentially moving the seed
from the seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop point 118. The
dispensed seed passes through the outlet 104 of seed metering unit
100 into planting unit 16 for planting within the field. The seed
metering unit 100 continues to dispense seed for planting as the
planter is towed or is navigated through the field. During
planting, the controller continuously monitors the planting mode
switch (step 214) to identify when a row unit 14 is switched from
the "continuous" planting mode to the "batch-to-row" planting mode
or vice versa. Alternative methods for the "continuous" planting
mode are contemplated. For example, if the mode switch (step 214)
is in the "continuous" planting mode, the operator could be
instructed via a visible/audible notification (e.g., lamp, display
or audible pattern) that the row unit is in "continuous" planting
mode (see step 218). In the "continuous" planting mode the operator
could fill both the first separate space 32A and the second
separate space 32B of hopper 34 with the same seed batch types. The
slide gate 46 could be actuated to the first open position 64 from
the closed position 62 where the seed within the first separated
space 32A is released into the seed metering unit for planting (if
the seed metering unit empty notification signal is provided). If
the planting protocol or algorithm requires a certain alley length
or gap between plots of the same seed batch type, the slide gate 46
may be actuated from the first open position 64 to the second open
position 68 when the operator is notified that the seed metering
unit 100 is empty and the desired alley length has been met (i.e.,
the planter has moved a sufficient distance since the seed metering
unit empty notification signal was given). For the purpose of the
present application, "alley length" and "alley" are to be
understood as the gap between plots. The alley could be planted
with a different crop to provide separation or a buffer between
plots.
[0050] If different seed batch types are to be planted using the
same row unit 14 the operator or controller switches to the
"batch-to-row" planting mode (see step 214). If the seed metering
unit empty lamp is flashing indicating that the hopper 106 is
empty, the operator may fill the first separated space 32A and
second separated space 32B with separate seed batch types. For
example, first separated space 32A may be filled with one seed
batch type whereas second separated space 32B is filled with
another seed batch type. To start the planting process, the
operator/controller engages the start button (see step 222). After
the start button is engaged, slide gate 46 moves from the closed
position 62 to the first open position 64 (see step 224). If the
planter 10 is not moving, forward motion of the planter is started
(see step 226). The seed in first separated space 32A is released
into the seed metering unit 100 upon actuation of slide gate 46
from the closed position 62 to the first open position 64. The
second seed batch type remains in the second separated space 32B
until slide gate 46 moves from the first open position 64 to the
second open position 68. The first seed batch released into the
seed metering unit 100 is planted as seed is picked up by the seed
disc 112 and moved from seed pick-up point 116 to seed drop point
118 where each seed is released into the planting unit 16 for
planting within the field. The seed disc 112 is rotated at the
desired revolutions per minute (RPM) to achieve the desired seed
spacing within the field.
[0051] As the seed planter 10 continues through the field, seed
from the first seed batch within the seed metering unit 100 is
sequentially dispensed into planting unit 16 for planting
sequentially within the field. During planting of the first seed
batch, the controller continuously monitors the seed metering unit
100 to detect when the seed metering unit is all out of seed (i.e.,
all of the seed from a batch dispensed into the metering unit has
been dispensed to the planting unit 16). To determine if the entire
batch of seed has been dispensed from the seed metering unit, the
control system performs a seed detection algorithm or protocol,
such as the seed detection protocol illustrated in FIG. 8. The seed
detection protocol includes the step of monitoring a sensor reading
(see step 250). As previously described, sensor 120 is positioned
at least partially within hopper 106 of seed metering unit 100 and
senses the presence or absence of seed at the seed collection point
108 or area. The operating system or controller continually
monitors sensor 120 to identify if seed is detected (step 252). The
operating system or controller continues to monitor sensor readings
(step 250) until the sensor readings confirm the absence of seed
within the seed metering unit 100 (i.e., no seed is detected). If
no seed is detected, the controller or operating system monitors a
derived metric equated to timing of movement of seed within the
seed metering unit 100 from seed pick-up point 116 to seed drop
point 118 (see step 254). In general terms, the controller or
operating software identifies when the last seed has been picked up
at the seed pick-up point 116 and if and when the last seed picked
up at the seed pick-up point 116 is dropped off at the seed drop
point 118 and ultimately communicated from the seed metering unit
100 into the planting unit 16 for planting within the field. In an
alternative embodiment, sensor 120 could be positioned in the seed
drop area, such as at the outlet 104 of seed metering unit 100, to
monitor and report detection of a seed drop. Knowing the derived
metric describing the time needed to move a seed from the pick-up
point 116 to the seed drop point 118, and knowing at what point and
when seeds are being released from the seed metering means 110
allows an operating system or controller to determine when to alert
an operator that the seed metering unit 100 is empty, or issue an
instruction to introduce another batch of seed into the seed
metering unit 100.
[0052] The derived metric equated to timing of movement of seed
from seed pick-up point 116 to seed drop point 118 and into seed
planting unit 116 is further described and illustrated in FIG. 9.
As shown in FIG. 9, the controller or operating system identifies
one or more derived metrics from operation of the planter 10 to
allow the controller or operating system to monitor, track and time
the movement of a seed 130 from the seed pick-up point 116 to the
seed drop point 118 within seed metering unit 100 (see step 270 in
FIG. 9). To acquire and monitor a derived metric relating to
operation of the seed planter 10, the controller or operating
system monitors a detection system aboard the planter (see step
272). The detection system may be configured to monitor
displacement (see step 274) or monitor position (see step 286). In
the case where the step of monitoring detection for the seed
planter (step 272) includes monitoring displacement (step 274), the
controller or operating system may be configured to monitor
displacement of a shaft associated with movement of the seed
planter 10 (see step 276), monitor displacement of the planter 10
(see step 278), or monitor displacement of a shaft associated with
driving the planter 10 (see step 280).
[0053] Because the rate of rotation of the seed disc 112 in the
seed metering unit 100 is correlated to forward displacement of the
planter 10, shafts associated with driving or movement of the
planter 10 may be monitored as they too may be correlated with the
rate of rotation of the seed disc 112 in the seed metering unit
100. For example, where the rate of rotation of the seed disc 112
is mechanically linked or correlated through one or more shafts
with forward displacement of the planter, monitoring displacement
(see step 274) of the mechanical linkage or shaft may be used to
determine the rate of rotation for the seed disc 112 based upon
forward movement of the planter 10. Knowing the rate of rotation
for the seed disc 112, a calculation may be made to know when the
last seed that was picked up by the seed disc 112 is dropped off at
the seed drop point 118. The controller or operating system knows
when the last seed is picked-up by the seed disc 112 because the
sensor reading confirms the absence of seed at the seed collection
point 116 or area. In summary, the controller or operating system
identifies when the last seed has been picked up by the seed disc
112 and moved from the seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop
point 118 and when the last seed actually drops into the seed
planting unit 16 rather than back into the seed collection point
108 or somewhere else within the hopper 106 of seed metering unit
100. To approximate displacement based on a shaft associated with
movement or driving the planter or displacement of the planter, the
controller or operating system may be configured to read or monitor
pulse counts from an encoder (see step 282). For example, rotation
of a jackshaft associated with forward movement of the planter
(e.g., rotation of an axle) may be monitored using an encoder to
approximate displacement of the planter and the desired rate of
rotation for the seed disc 112.
[0054] The present invention contemplates other means for reading
or acquiring displacement of a shaft associated with movement of
the planter, driving the planter or even displacement of the
planter itself. For example, the present invention contemplates the
use of acquiring and analyzing a light reading, a voltage change, a
current change, a signal change, or a polarity or dipole change to
capture displacement of a shaft associated with movement or driving
the planter, or displacement of the planter itself. Using this
protocol, the operating system or controller is able to determine
the necessary displacement of the planter or displacement of a
shaft associated with driving or movement of the planter to know
when a seed pick-up 114 in seed disc 112 has moved the last seed
from the seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop point 118.
[0055] The controller or operating system may be configured to
adjust and calibrate the number of pulse counts needed from the
encoder to satisfy the derived metric of the seed detection
protocol (see step 284). This means that the controller or
operating system has calculated a derived metric (i.e., the
requisite displacement of a shaft associated with driving or
movement of the planter, or displacement of the planter itself)
that equates to movement of a seed on the seed disc 112 from the
seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop point 118. The controller
or operating system may be configured to increment the pulse count
requirement to change a safety factor associated with the derived
metric to ensure accuracy of a seed metering unit emptying
notification signal that is provided to the operator or used by the
controller or operating system to control the staging unit 30 and
the subsequent introduction of the next batch of seed into the seed
metering unit 100. If the controller or operating system knows that
it only needs "X" pulse counts to be assured that the seed has
moved from the seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop point 118,
the operator may adjust the pulse count number requirement by
adding a safety factor to the number of pulse counts. For example,
if the system or controller knows that 30 pulse counts are required
for the last seed to move from the seed pick-up point 116 to the
seed drop point 118, the operator or controller may be configured
to add a safety factor of several pulse counts to the already 30
pulse count requirement to ensure that the last seed on the seed
disc has moved well past the seed drop point 118 so that a false
reading is not perpetuated through the system to provide a false
seed metering unit empty notification to the user.
[0056] The controller or operating system may also be configured to
monitor position (see step 286) to formulate a derived metric
associated with movement of a seed on the seed disc 112 from the
seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop point 118. For example, the
controller or operating system may be configured to monitor
position of the seed disc 112 (see step 288) or monitor position of
the planter (see step 290). A position change of the seed disc or
the planter may be monitored using any one of the aforementioned
means for acquiring position or displacement change (see step 292).
A geospatial recognition device is another means for acquiring
position or displacement change of planter 10. The reading acquired
from monitoring position change of seed disc 112 or planter 10 may
be adjusted or calibrated, such as where the required position
change is adjusted or calibrated to make sure that the derived
metric is satisfied without interjecting a false reading or
perpetuating a false signal through the system that ends up
providing a seed metering unit empty notification to the user in
error. To add a safety factor to make sure that the derived metric
has actually been satisfied, the operating system or controller may
be configured such that the safety factor is incrementally adjusted
to ensure accuracy of the seed metering unit empty notification
signal provided to the controller or the operating system for not
prematurely actuating staging unit 30 or instructing an operator to
introduce the next seed batch into the seed metering unit 100.
[0057] Understanding that the controller or operating system
acquires a derived metric equated to timing of movement of seed
from a seed pick-up to seed drop point, the controller or operating
system continuously monitors the derived metric to identify when it
has been satisfied (see step 256 in FIG. 8). If the derived metric
is not satisfied the controller or operating system continues to
monitor its status to determine when the derived metric has been
satisfied. In one embodiment, the controller or operating system
monitors when the requisite number of pulse counts have been
obtained which indicates that the last seed has been moved from the
seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop point 118 for communication
to the planting unit 16 for planting in the field. If the derived
metric has been satisfied the controller or operating system takes
a sensor reading (step 258). The sensor reading looks to verify
that no seed remain within the seed metering unit 100. Seed
positioning means 122 in the seed metering unit 100 urges seed
within the hopper 106 toward the seed collection point 108 or area
for detection by the sensor 120. If seed is not detected (see step
260) within the seed metering unit 100, the controller or operating
system monitors for when the derived metric equated to timing of
movement of the last seed from the seed pick-up 116 to the seed
drop point 118 is satisfied. If the derived metric has been
satisfied and the sensor takes another reading and confirms the
absence of seed within the seed metering unit 100, the controller
or operating system issues a seed metering unit empty notification
signal either by sound or by visually apprising the operator via a
lamp or display (see step 262) that the seed metering unit 100 is
empty (i.e., there are no more seed within the seed metering unit
100).
[0058] The present system preferably has some redundancy built into
the seed detection protocol to make sure that when the seed
metering unit empty notification signal is given that it is not
given in error whereby the staging unit would open and release
another batch of seed into the seed metering unit causing carryover
contamination of the seed plot. One example of the redundancy built
into the seed detection protocol for providing accurate seed
metering unit empty notification signals is as follows. If the last
seed within the seed metering unit 100 is picked up at the seed
pick-up point 116 and carried to the seed drop point 118, but
before making it to the seed drop point 118 accidentally is
released or dropped from the seed pick-up 114 on seed disc 112 and
falls back down into the hopper 106, the operating system or
controller is configured to account for this. In this scenario, the
last seed when picked up and moved from the seed collection point
108 or area would trigger a no seed detected reading. The no seed
detected reading by the sensor 120 would only be used to actuate
the staging unit 30 to move another batch of seed in the seed
metering unit 100 if the derived metric for timing movement of a
seed from the seed pick-up point 116 to the seed drop point 118 is
satisfied and the sensor 120 still confirms the absence of seed
within the seed metering unit 100. Therefore, in the example where
a seed accidentally drops from the seed disc 112 before making it
to the seed drop point 118, and even though the derived metric is
satisfied, the sensor 120 detects the fallen seed within the hopper
106 whereby the controller or operating system refrains from
actuating the staging unit 32 to move another seed batch from the
staging unit 30 into the seed metering unit 100 and/or refrains
from instructing the operator to introduce the next seed batch into
the seed metering unit 100. Thus, before instructing the operator
or actuating the staging unit 30, the operating system or
controller verifies that two things have positively occurred;
namely, that the sensor 120 readings confirm the absence of seed
130 in the seed metering unit 100 and the derived metric for timing
of movement of a seed 130 from the seed pick-up point 116 to seed
drop point 118 has also been satisfied.
[0059] The controller or operating system may also be configured to
incorporate a lag time between when the derived metric is deemed
satisfied and when the sensor 120 no longer senses a seed 130
within the seed metering unit 100 to make sure that the seed has
actually been dropped off into the planting unit 16 and not
accidentally released back into the hopper 106 of the seed metering
unit 100. With the seed detection protocol having confirmed that
there is no longer seed within the seed metering unit and the
derived metric being satisfied, the slide gate may now be actuated
by the controller or by the operator whereby the next batch of seed
is introduced into the seed metering unit 100 (see step 264) for
planting.
[0060] As further described in FIG. 7, the controller or operating
system having confirmed that all of the seed is out of the seed
metering unit (see step 230) actuates slide gate 46 to second open
position 68 to drop the next seed batch into the seed metering unit
100 (see step 232). Prior to actuating slide gate 46 to closed
position 62, the controller or operating system pauses to allow all
of the seed to dispense from the second separated space 32B into
the seed metering unit 100. After a pause, the controller or
operating system actuates the slide gate 46 to closed position 62
(see step 234). The controller or operating system then provides an
audible or visual cue such as illuminating a lamp to instruct the
operator to refill the first separated space 32A and second
separated space 32B of the hopper 34 with a new seed batch (see
step 236). The seed batch that was moved from the second separated
space 32B into the seed metering unit 100 is sequentially metered
from the seed metering unit 100 into the planting unit 16 for
planting within the field (see step 238). The seed detection
protocol as illustrated and shown in FIGS. 8-9 monitors the seed
metering unit to determine if all of the seed has been dispensed
from the seed metering unit (see step 240). Once the sensor
readings confirm the absence of seed in the seed metering unit and
confirm that the derived metric for timing of movement of seed from
the seed pick-up to the seed drop point has been satisfied, the
controller or operating system reads the alley length input control
to determine how long to wait while the planter is travelling
through the field before actuating the staging unit 30 or instruct
the operator to release or introduce another new seed batch into
the seed metering unit 100 for planting. In one embodiment, the
controller or operating system calculates the requested alley
length (see step 242) and waits until the requisite number of
encoder pulses have been accumulated to match the requested alley
length (see step 244). Thus, after the last seed has been dispensed
from the seed metering unit and planted in the field, the
controller or operating system monitors the distance the planter 10
travels by monitoring the number of encoder pulses to make sure
that the requested alley length has been satisfied (see step 244)
before actuating the staging unit 30 to release another new seed
batch into the seed metering unit 100 for planting. The controller
or operating system also continuously monitors the mode switch
relating to whether the planter or row units are operating in a
"continuous" planting mode or a "batch-to-row" planting mode. After
reading the mode switch (step 246) the planter operates as
previously described.
System
[0061] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system for automated seed
detection and planting synchronization. In one embodiment, the
system includes a controller 300, such as a programmable logic
controller (PLC). The controller 300 may be configured to operate
in concert with an operating system 302. Skilled artisans will
recognize the various types of operating systems suitable for use
in conjunction with controller 300 for operating the automated seed
detection and planting synchronization system of the present
invention. Controller 300 may also be linked or in operable
communication with a data store 338. A data store 338 may also be
linked to operating system 302 and/or controller 300.
[0062] In another embodiment, of the present invention, controller
300 may be used to control various aspects of planter 304. As
previously described and set forth above, planter 304 includes one
or more position and/or forward displacement detection systems for
computing the derived metric associated with timing of movement of
the seed from the seed pick-up point to the seed drop point in the
seed metering unit. The controller 300 may be linked either
serially or via wireless connection to one or more displacement
detection systems, such as a position detection system 308 or
displacement detection system 306. In one aspect, position
detection system 308 may be configured to monitor forward
displacement of the planter 10 for controlling rotational movement
of seed disc 112. The position detection system 308 could include a
geospatial position detection system for monitoring forward
displacement of the planter during planting for controlling
rotation of seed disc 112. Alternatively, displacement detection
system 306 may be configured to monitor displacement or rotation of
a shaft associated with forward movement or driving of planter 10
through the field. Conventional operating hardware 310 associated
with planter 304 may be operated by controller 300. For example,
lift assist wheel assembly 28 may be operated using controller 300.
Any other operating hardware associated with the planter 10 may
also be controlled using controller 300.
[0063] In another aspect of the invention, a user interface 312 may
be configured serially or via wireless communication with
controller 300 whereby instructions from an operator are received
for providing control inputs to controller 300. The user interface
312 may include one or more controls 314 for an operator to provide
inputs to controller 300. User interface 312 may include other
displays 316 for apprising the operator of the operational status
of controller 300 or other systems aboard planter 10. The display
316 associated with user interface 312 may include one or more user
notifications such as an audible, visible, or tactile notification
system. In another aspect of the present invention, controller 300
is serially or wirelessly configured to control staging unit 308.
Via automated or by operator control, instructions are provided
from controller 300 to staging unit 318 for controlling actuator
320 whereby seed stored within staging unit is communicated from
the staging unit into the seed metering unit. The status of the
actuator 320 whether in the closed position, first open position,
or second open position may be communicated back to the controller
and provided at display 316 for notification to the operator.
[0064] In another aspect of the automated seed detection and
planting synchronization system, controller 300 is serially or
wirelessly linked with seed detection protocol 322. The seed
detection protocol 322 may be configured to operate aboard
operating system 302 or via a seed detection algorithm 324 using
controller 300. The seed detection algorithm 324 as set forth in
FIGS. 8-9, uses the combination of a sensor reading 328 being
received and a derived metric 326 being satisfied to confirm
absence of seed in the seed metering unit 100 to allow the staging
unit to be actuated to the next position whereby seed is
transferred from the staging unit into the seed metering unit. The
status of the seed detection protocol 322 may be communicated back
to controller 300 and made available to the operator via display
316. For example, display 316 may include an indicator such as a
fill lamp that lights up when the seed protection protocol 322
instructs the operator to fill the staging unit 318 with another
new batch of seed. The display may also include a lamp that
instructs the operator when to actuate the staging unit to allow
the seed batch to be dispensed into the seed metering unit.
[0065] In another aspect of the automated seed detection and
planting synchronization system, seed metering unit 330 may be in
linked communication with controller 300, either wirelessly or
serially. The seed metering unit 330 controls movement of seed from
the seed metering unit into the planting unit for planting in the
field. Within the seed metering unit 330 is a sensor 332. The
status of sensor 332 is monitored via controller 300 and displayed
to the user. For example, when sensor 332 detects seed within the
seed metering unit 330, the display 316 notifies the operator via a
lamp or other signal notification system that there is seed still
within the seed metering unit 330. Alternatively, when sensor 332
no longer detects seed in the seed metering unit 330, the signal is
communicated back to controller 300 for apprising the operator via
display 316 that seed is no longer detected in the seed metering
unit 330. The controller 300 may also be used to calibrate or
notify the operator when sensor 332 needs to be serviced or
recalibrated. Included within the seed metering unit 330 is a seed
positioning means 334. Whether by instruction from the operator
system or an operator, controller 300 may be configured to control
seed positioning means 334 within seed metering unit 330. For
example, seed positioning means 334 may be calibrated by the
operator using controller 300. The status of seed positioning means
334 may be made available to the operator using display 316.
Operational errors of seed positioning means 334 may also be
communicated to the operator through display 316 using controller
300. Operation, calibration, monitorization of seed metering means
336 may also be accomplished using controller 300 in combination
with display 316. Various aspects of the automated seed detection
and planting synchronization system have been disclosed and are
contemplated in FIG. 10 as illustrated.
[0066] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been
set forth within the drawings and in the foregoing description and
although specific terms are employed, these terms are used in the
generically descriptive sense only and are not used for the purpose
of limitation. Changes in the formed proportion of parts as well as
in the substitution of equivalents are contemplated as
circumstances may suggest or are rendered expedient without
departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
further defined in the following claims.
* * * * *
References