U.S. patent application number 12/995701 was filed with the patent office on 2011-04-14 for velour carpet with tufting-like surface.
This patent application is currently assigned to ENTWICKLUNGSGESELLSCHAFT FUER AKUSTIK (EFA) MIT BESCHRAENKTER HAFTUNG. Invention is credited to Gabl Brade-Scholz, Johannes Jurk, Guenter Liebner, Norbert Nicolai, Volkmar Schulze, Herbert Vollmert.
Application Number | 20110083792 12/995701 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 41210840 |
Filed Date | 2011-04-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20110083792 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Vollmert; Herbert ; et
al. |
April 14, 2011 |
VELOUR CARPET WITH TUFTING-LIKE SURFACE
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for producing a velour
rug, comprising the following steps: a) needling of a nonwoven/mali
nonwoven on a bristle strip using a needling machine, in the
process of which a pile nonwoven/carrier nonwoven is pulled into
and partially back out of the bristle strip such that the fibers of
the pile nonwoven/carrier nonwoven are located in the plane of the
bristle strip, b) separating the nonwoven from the bristle strip by
means of a roller brush, c) brushing the pile side prior to cutting
the loops, characterized in that, in order to increase the fiber
density and enhance the pile stability, an additional nonwoven/mali
nonwoven, especially a pile nonwoven/carrier nonwoven, is placed
onto the reverse of the nonwoven/mali nonwoven, especially between
a first and second needling unit, between steps a) and b).
Inventors: |
Vollmert; Herbert;
(Nettetal, DE) ; Brade-Scholz; Gabl; (Kempen,
DE) ; Nicolai; Norbert; (Schernbeck-Gahlen, DE)
; Schulze; Volkmar; (Schierling, DE) ; Jurk;
Johannes; (Wilthen, DE) ; Liebner; Guenter;
(Schirgiswalde, DE) |
Assignee: |
ENTWICKLUNGSGESELLSCHAFT FUER
AKUSTIK (EFA) MIT BESCHRAENKTER HAFTUNG
Witten
DE
|
Family ID: |
41210840 |
Appl. No.: |
12/995701 |
Filed: |
May 28, 2009 |
PCT Filed: |
May 28, 2009 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2009/056503 |
371 Date: |
December 2, 2010 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
156/72 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D04H 1/46 20130101; D04H
13/00 20130101; D04H 11/08 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
156/72 |
International
Class: |
D04H 11/08 20060101
D04H011/08; D04H 1/46 20060101 D04H001/46 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 5, 2008 |
DE |
10 2008 026 968.9 |
Claims
1-8. (canceled)
12. A process for preparing a velour carpet, comprising the
following steps: a) needling a web/Malifleece on a brush belt using
a needling machine, a pile/support web being drawn into the brush
belt and partially back again, so that the fibers of the
pile/support web are in the plane of the brush belt; b) separating
the web from the brush belt by means of a roller brush; c) brushing
up the pile side before the loops are cut open; characterized in
that a further web/Malifleece, including a pile/support web, is
applied to the back side of the web/Malifleece between steps a) and
b), to increase the fiber density and enhance the pile
stability.
13. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that steps
b) and c) are performed simultaneously.
14. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that the
back side of the web/Malifleece is sprayed with water and dried and
integrated after step c).
15. The process according to claims 12, characterized in that the
pile side of the web is brushed against the grain after step c) for
erecting the fibers, and protruding fibers are shorn off.
16. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that a
web/Malifleece including a pile/support web comprising fibers of
PP, PES, PA or mixtures thereof is employed.
17. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that a
web/Malifleece including a pile yarn whose fibers have a yarn count
within a range of from 3.3 to 11 dtex is employed.
18. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that a
densified pile/support web, including a web/Malifleece with a
longitudinal/transversal strength ratio of 1.0/1.2-1.4, is employed
as the web/Malifleece.
19. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that a
further web/Malifleece, including a pile/support web, is applied to
the side of the web/Malifleece facing away from the brush belt
between steps a) and b).
20. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that
applying the web/Malifleece occurs between a 1.sup.st and 2.sup.nd
needling unit.
21. The process according to claim 19, characterized in that
applying the web/Malifleece occurs between a 1.sup.st and 2.sup.nd
needling unit.
22. The process according to claim 14, wherein when the
web/Malifleece is dried, it is dried without tension.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a process for preparing a
velour carpet that has advantageous properties over velour carpets
of the prior art.
[0002] The term "tufting" refers to a technology for the production
of three-dimensional textile sheets. it is the process most
frequently employed worldwide for preparing carpets.
[0003] Tufting works on the principle of a sewing machine. Needles
insert the so-called pile yarn into a base material (woven or
non-woven fabric), the so-called primary backing or support.
[0004] The needles stitch through the base material; before the
needles are running back again, the inserted pile yarn is held by
loopers. This produces loops (pile knots) on the top side of the
tufting fabric.
[0005] In this way, a so-called loop-pile carpet is obtained. If
the loops are cut open with a knife, a velour carpet (cut-pile
carpet) is formed. Frequently, the knife is already attached to the
looper, so that the holding and cutting of the pile is done in one
operation.
[0006] In order to hold the stitched pile yarn tight, a secondary
backing or latex layer must be applied. This process is referred to
as lamination or integration.
[0007] In addition, a "simpler" method is known in the prior art,
which produces similar carpets without a pile yarn inserted into
the primary backing from outside. For velour forming, needles
stitch through a fibrous web/Malifleece and draw fiber loops
between the bristles of a brush belt lying under the fibrous
web/Malifleece. The fibers carried along by the up and down
movement of the needles are crossed and thereby bonded together.
The needles employed may be needles having small barbs on their
sides, so-called crown needles, or needles having fork-like ends,
so-called fork needles.
[0008] After the needling process, the velour is separated from the
running brush belt by a pair of rollers. The degree of
densification is determined by the number of stitches per unit
area, the penetration depth of the needles into the fibrous
web/Malifleece and the fiber count.
[0009] When dual-layer coats (velour+wear layer) are prepared, the
fabric is turned over after the first needle zone and needled with
the wear layer in the second needling zone. This is followed by
backside bonding of the fibers by means of a binder based on
synthetic rubber or acrylate by different application methods. For
latex-free integrations, binding fibers or thermoplastic
dispersions are employed. In this case, the fiber linear densities
are between 6.7 and 17 dtex.
[0010] As described above in the just mentioned "simpler" method,
no additional pile yarn is inserted from outside into the substrate
web, especially Malifleece, i.e., the primary backing. In this
case, the shape of a velour carpet is obtained due to the fact that
the needles carry individual fibers from the fibrous web,
especially Malifleece, into the brush belt.
[0011] Although this process yields velour carpets similar to those
prepared by the tufting method, the former have a somewhat worse
property profile as compared to the latter. Namely, tufting velour
carpets usually have a higher fiber density. A high fiber density
is in turn considered an important quality feature of such velour
carpets, because it results among others in better cleaning
properties, an increased resistance against pressure load and a
better abrasion resistance.
[0012] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to
improve the processes of the prior art, especially the "simpler"
process as set forth above, for preparing velour carpets in such
terms that a velour carpet having a higher fiber density than has
been possible by the previously known prior art processes can be
prepared.
[0013] In a first embodiment, the object of the invention is
achieved by a process for preparing a velour carpet, comprising the
following steps:
[0014] a) needling a web/Malifleece on a brush belt using a
needling machine, a pile/support web being drawn into the brush
belt and partially back again, so, that the fibers of the
pile/support web are in the plane of the brush belt;
[0015] b) separating the web from the brush belt by means of a
roller brush;
[0016] c) brushing up the pile side before the loops are cut
open;
characterized in that a further web/Malifleece, especially a
pile/support web, is applied to the back side of the web/Malifleece
between steps a) and b), especially between a first and a second
needling unit, to increase the fiber density and enhance the pile
stability.
[0017] In a conventional (single-layer) dilour, the pile density
can no longer be enhanced from a certain limit as the stitching
density increases. This is prevented by two causes, namely the
decrease of fiber mobility as the densification of the web
increases, and the retrieval effect by multiple attacks on the same
pile loops. According to the invention, the retrieval effect is
avoided by applying the second web with a new supply of little
densified and highly mobile fibers.
[0018] In the following, the various variants of the process
according to the invention are further illustrated:
Reference variant 1:
[0019] On the one hand, step a) is to be understood in such terms
that the pile/support web can be inserted into the brush belt (in
accordance with the tufting method). However, alternatively and/or
cumulatively, the fibers of the web/Malifleece may also represent
the pile layer; thus, no separate pile yarn is introduced from
outside in this case, but the fibers are drawn along with the
needles into the brush belt (in accordance with the above described
"simpler" method without a pile yarn).
[0020] After the needling, the web/Malifleece is separated from the
brush belt not only in step b). In addition, additional fibers are
eliminated from the web by means of brushes in step c). This
achieves a defined fiber standing condition, and the web retains
its support layer. Thus, for equal weights, the fiber density is
1.5 times to twice as high as with standard velour carpets. The use
of binding fibers further enhances the fiber density.
[0021] In particular, it is advantageous in the above described
process if steps b) and c) are performed simultaneously. All in
all, this corresponds to the saving of a process step and is thus
particularly favorable under aspects of process economy.
[0022] Further, it is preferred that the back side of the web is
sprayed with water and/or a commercially available dispersion or
bonded only by the use of binding fibers, and dried, especially
without tension. This fixes the standing condition of the fibers,
and the fiber density is again increased. At the same time, the
fibers are integrated.
[0023] Further, it is preferred that the pile side of the
web/Malifleece is brushed against the grain after step c) for
erecting the fibers, and protruding fibers are shorn off. This
again additionally fixes the standing condition of the fibers, and
the surface of the velour carpet is clearly smoothed, which is
important, in particular, for those applications in which the pile
side is the visible side of the velour carpet.
[0024] Preferably, a web/Malifleece and/or a pile yarn is employed
that comprises fibers of polypropylene (PP), polyester (PES),
polyamide (PA) or mixtures thereof.
[0025] Depending on the application, the respective advantage of
the fibers and/or fiber mixtures resides in the price, light
fastness and abrasion resistance.
[0026] Further, a web/Malifleece and/or a pile/support web whose
fibers have a yarn count within a range of from 3.3 to 11 dtex is
preferably employed.
[0027] The respective advantage resides in the higher density for
the same weights of fiber employed, the improved cleaning ability
and an increase of the abrasion resistance.
[0028] In particular, it is preferred that a densified pile/support
web is employed as the web/Malifleece, especially a web with a
longitudinal/transversal strength ratio of 1.0/1.2 to 1.4.
[0029] It serves for a higher fiber transport during the needling
process, and for better elongation properties in the deforming
process.
Variant 2 according to the invention:
[0030] To increase the fiber density and enhance the pile
stability, it is preferred that a further web/Malifleece,
especially a pile/support web, is applied to the back side of the
web/Malifleece before step a or between steps a) and b).
[0031] The use of such an additional pile/support web ultimately
results in a fiber density that is about 2 to 3 times higher than
that of standard velour carpets. The additional increase of the
pile density and the use of the Malifleece causes an improved,
i.e., reduced, abrasion, an increased resistance against pressure
load and an increased cleaning ability.
[0032] The process according to the invention will be explained
illustratively by means of FIGS. 1 to 6.
[0033] In FIG. 1, the pile/support web 1 lying on the brush belt 3
is at first needled and thereby densified. A plurality of needles
are attached to the needle beam 2. After this step, the needled
web/Malifleece is separated from the brush belt by roller brushes
4, which corresponds to a simultaneous performance of steps b) and
c).
[0034] In FIG. 2, it is shown according to the invention how the
pile/support web 1, which is at first non-densified and lying on
the brush belt 3, is first densified using the needle beam 2 and
then needled onto the additional pile/support web 9. The
simultaneous performance of steps c) and d) is effected by the
roller brushes 4 in this case too.
[0035] FIG. 3 shows the spraying of the back side of the web with
water and/or a dispersion by means of spray bar 5 or only use of
binding fibers, followed by drying (without tension) via suspension
loop 6, wherein the standing condition of the fibers is fixed, the
fiber density is again increased, and a simultaneous integration of
the fibers takes place.
[0036] FIG. 4 shows a process step that usually follows the drying,
in which the fixed fibers are erected at first against the grain
using the further brush 7. Subsequently, the web/Malifleece is
passed over a shearing table, and fiber loops are shorn off using a
shearing cylinder 8.
[0037] FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the roller brushes 4.
[0038] FIG. 6 shows the velour carpet obtained by the process
according to the invention schematically represented as 10 and
again represented in a macro photograph 11.
REFERENCE SYMBOLS
[0039] 1 (Pile/support) web/Malifleece [0040] 2 Needle beam [0041]
3 Brush belt [0042] 4 Roller brushes [0043] 5 Spray bar [0044] 6
Suspension loop [0045] 7 Brush [0046] 8 Shearing table with
shearing cylinder [0047] 9 Additional pile/support web [0048] 10
Principle drawing [0049] 11 Macro photograph
EXAMPLES
[0050] Two different velour carpet materials (referred to as
variant I and variant II in the following; the latter was prepared
using an additional pile/support web 9 as shown in FIG. 2) were
prepared by the above described process.
[0051] The following Table 1 compares the obtained velour carpet
materials variant I and variant II with other materials of the
prior art (tuft velour BCF and velour standard).
[0052] The arrows represent a comparison of the materials according
to the invention with those of the prior art. Their meanings are
(respectively based on similar pile weights):
[0053] equal
[0054] better
[0055] worse
[0056] As can be seen from this Table, the velour carpet materials
prepared by the process according to the invention all have more
favorable properties as compared to the materials of the prior
art.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Pile Variant I Variant II Tuft Velour BCF
Variant I Variant II Velour Standard Fine fibers 3.3-4.4 dtex
6.7-11 dtex 8-10 dtex 3.3-4.4 dtex 6.7-11 dtex 6.7-17 dtex Pile
weight 300 g/m.sup.2 150 g/m.sup.2 270 g/m.sup.2 300 g/m.sup.2 150
g/m.sup.2 450-600 g/m.sup.2 Support -- 150 g/m.sup.2 120 g/m.sup.2
-- 150 g/m.sup.2 -- Shorn yes yes yes yes yes no Total weight 270
g/m.sup.2 270 g/m.sup.2 360 g/m.sup.2 270 g/m.sup.2 270 g/m.sup.2
450-600 g/m.sup.2 Fiber density high very high average high very
high low to average Fiber standing good excellent average to good
good excellent average condition Abrasion satisfactory satisfactory
satisfactory satisfactory satisfactory satisfactory Cleaning
satisfactory good good+ satisfactory good good+ Degree of drawing
good excellent low good excellent good Streak formation low low
high low low low Price low low average to high low low high
* * * * *