U.S. patent application number 12/161748 was filed with the patent office on 2011-03-10 for heat exchanger.
This patent application is currently assigned to BEHR GmbH & Co. KG. Invention is credited to Stefan Neher, Johannes Pfeffer, Alexander Steck, Helmut Weiser.
Application Number | 20110056652 12/161748 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38171149 |
Filed Date | 2011-03-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20110056652 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Neher; Stefan ; et
al. |
March 10, 2011 |
HEAT EXCHANGER
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat exchanger, especially for
cooling exhaust gases. Said heat exchanger comprises at least one
first flow channel for a first medium, at least one second flow
channel for a second medium, at least one bottom (1, 20, 121) that
can be connected to the housing (101), said bottom (1, 20, 121)
having at least one expansion element (24, 30, 40, 60, 70, 80,
81).
Inventors: |
Neher; Stefan; (Salach,
DE) ; Pfeffer; Johannes; (Tubingen, DE) ;
Steck; Alexander; (Kusterdingen-Wankheim, DE) ;
Weiser; Helmut; ( Holzgerlingen, DE) |
Assignee: |
BEHR GmbH & Co. KG
|
Family ID: |
38171149 |
Appl. No.: |
12/161748 |
Filed: |
January 23, 2007 |
PCT Filed: |
January 23, 2007 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP07/00536 |
371 Date: |
September 23, 2008 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
165/81 ; 164/47;
165/109.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F02M 26/29 20160201;
B23P 15/26 20130101; F28F 2265/26 20130101; F28F 2250/104 20130101;
F28D 7/1684 20130101; Y10T 29/49357 20150115; F02M 26/11 20160201;
F28F 9/0219 20130101; F28F 9/00 20130101; F28F 13/12 20130101; F28F
7/00 20130101; F28D 9/0043 20130101; F28F 2275/20 20130101; F28F
9/0241 20130101; F02M 26/32 20160201; F28D 21/0003 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
165/81 ;
165/109.1; 164/47 |
International
Class: |
F28F 7/00 20060101
F28F007/00; F28F 13/12 20060101 F28F013/12; B22D 25/00 20060101
B22D025/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 23, 2006 |
DE |
10 2006 003 303.5 |
Claims
1. Heat exchanger for exhaust gas cooling, having at least one
housing, at least one first flow duct for a first medium, at least
one second flow duct for a second medium, at least one bottom which
is connectable to the housing (101), wherein the bottom has at
least one expansion element for the compensation of longitudinal
extensions.
2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is produced from metal.
3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is at least one embossing which, in particular, can be
introduced peripherally into the bottom.
4. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is expandable axially in a heat exchanger longitudinal
direction (WLR).
5. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is expandable radially to a heat exchanger longitudinal
direction (WLR).
6. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is at least one ridge.
7. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element has at least one frame element.
8. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein at least two frame
elements are arrangeable essentially parallel and, in particular,
concentrically to one another.
9. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the frame elements
are at least in portions connectable in a materially integral
manner, in particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding,
etc.
10. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the frame elements
are at least in portions connectable with a form fit, in particular
by screwing, flanging, folding, crimping, etc.
11. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the frame elements
are produced in one piece.
12. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is of meander-shaped design.
13. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is a concertina.
14. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the expansion
element is connectable to at least one diffuser.
15. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the housing is a
cast housing.
16. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein at least one
connection piece and/or at least one fastening body are/is produced
in one piece with the housing.
17. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the bottom is
connectable to the housing in a materially integral manner, in
particular by welding, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form
fit, in particular by screwing, flanging, folding, crimping,
etc.
18. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the housing has at
least two housing elements which are connectable to one another in
a materially integral manner, in particular by welding, soldering,
adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by
screwing, flanging, folding, crimping, etc.
19. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger
can have an I-flow throughflow.
20. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger
can have a U-flow throughflow.
21. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger
can have a single-flood or multi-flood throughflow.
22. Heat exchanger, in particular according to claim 1, for exhaust
gas cooling, having at least one housing, at least one first flow
duct for a first medium, at least one second flow duct for a second
medium, at least one bottom, at least one diffuser, at least one
expansion element for the compensation of longitudinal extensions,
wherein the at least one expansion element is arrangeable, spaced
apart at least in portions, between the bottom and the housing and,
spaced apart at least in portions, between the bottom and the
diffuser.
23. Heat exchanger according to claim 22, wherein a first expansion
element is arrangeable, spaced apart at least in portions, between
the bottom and the housing, and a second expansion element is
arrangeable, spaced apart at least in portions, between the bottom
and the diffuser.
24. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the at least one
expansion element is a sealing element.
25. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first medium
is exhaust gas and/or the second medium is a cooling medium, in
particular an aqueous cooling fluid or air.
26. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first flow
duct, in particular first flow ducts, are tubes, in particular flat
tubes, and the first flow duct is formed between the tubes and the
housing.
27. Heat exchanger according to claim 26, wherein the tubes have
turbulence-generating elements.
28. Heat exchanger according to claim 27, wherein the
turbulence-generating elements are embossings which can be
introduced into the tube.
29. Heat exchanger according to claim 26, wherein the tubes touch
the housing at least in portions.
30. Heat exchanger according to claim 28, wherein the embossings
touch the housing at least in portions.
31. Heat exchanger according to claim 28, wherein the embossings of
at least one tube touch at least in portions at least one tube
adjacent to the tube.
32. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein at least one first
disk has a first disk topside and a first disk underside.
33. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein at least one
second disk has a second disk topside and a second disk
underside.
34. Heat exchanger according to claim 32, wherein in each case a
first disk is arrangeable in each case adjacently to a second disk,
and the first disks and the second disks form a disk stack.
35. Heat exchanger according to claim 32, wherein the first flow
duct is formed between at least one first disk topside and at least
one second disk underside and/or the second flow duct is formed
between at least one first disk underside and at least one second
disk topside.
36. Heat exchanger according to claim 32, wherein the second flow
duct is formed between at least one first disk topside and at least
one second disk underside and/or the first flow duct is formed
between at least one first disk underside and at least one second
disk topside.
37. Heat exchanger according to claim 32, wherein the first flow
duct is formed between at least one disk and the housing.
38. Heat exchanger according to claim 32, wherein the second flow
duct is formed between at least one disk (303, 304, 403, 404) and
the housing.
39. Method for producing a heat exchanger, in particular according
to claim 1, wherein the housing is produced by means of a forming
manufacturing method.
40. Method for producing a heat exchanger according to claim 39,
wherein the housing is produced by casting, in particular
expendable mold casting.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, in
particular for exhaust gas cooling, according to the preamble of
patent claim 1.
[0002] During the combustion of fuel in internal combustion
engines, exhaust gas arises. Part of the exhaust gas is cooled in
heat exchangers, in particular in exhaust gas heat exchangers, and
is subsequently admixed with the charge air of the internal
combustion engine and supplied to the internal combustion
engine.
[0003] Various designs of welded or soldered heat exchangers, in
particular exhaust gas heat exchangers, as tube-bundle or stacked
disk systems are known. Known heat exchangers have, in particular,
thin-walled housings. These require additional holding elements for
fastening to the engine or to the vehicle. This entails not only
additional costs, but also an increased space requirement. When
flowing through the heat exchangers, in particular the exhaust gas
heat exchangers, the tubes of the heat exchanger experience thermal
longitudinal extension and thermal transverse extension. For this
reason, the housing has a mostly flexible configuration. Due to
this flexibility of the housing, coolant connection pieces, which
ensure the inflow and outflow of a cooling medium, are connected in
a flexible manner to the engine block of an internal combustion
engine or to the engine-side water supply.
[0004] DE 102 18 521 A1 discloses an exhaust gas heat exchanger, in
particular for motor vehicles with exhaust gas recirculation (AGR),
which consists of a housing casing for a coolant and of a tube
bundle, through which exhaust gas flows and around which the
coolant flows and which is received in the housing via tube
bottoms, the tube bundle, tube bottoms and housing forming a force
flux closed on itself, a push fit being arranged in the force flux.
The ends of the tubes are fastened in a tube bottom which is itself
welded to the housing casing. The housing casing has a push fit. An
outer ring overlaps an inner ring and with the latter forms a slide
fit. The slide fit is sealed off outwardly, that is to say with
respect to the atmosphere, by means of two O-rings, so that no
coolant can escape outward.
[0005] DE 102 04 107 A1 discloses a heat exchanger, in particular
exhaust gas heat exchanger for motor vehicles, with a tube bundle,
through which a gaseous medium flows and around which a liquid
coolant flows and the tubes of which are received with their tube
ends in tube bottoms and are connected to these in a materially
integral manner, and with a housing casing which surrounds the tube
bundle and is connected on the end face to the tube bottoms in a
materially integral manner and through which the coolant flows, the
tube bottoms and housing casing being produced from a
heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant metallic alloy, the housing
casing having at least one peripheral expansion bead. This bead
gives the housing casing sufficient elasticity in the longitudinal
direction of the tubes, so that the housing casing, by elastic
extension, can follow the greater extension of the exhaust gas
tubes, without an inadmissible deformation or an impairment of the
weld seam connection between tubes and bottom and bottom and
housing occurring in this case.
[0006] Furthermore, DE 102 24 263 A1 discloses an exhaust gas heat
exchanger, in particular for motor vehicles with exhaust gas
recirculation, consisting of a housing with a housing casing for a
coolant and of a tube bundle, through which exhaust gas flows and
around which the coolant flows and which is received in the housing
via a first and a second tube bottom, the first tube bottom being
connected firmly to the housing and therefore forming a fixed
bearing for the tube bundle, and the second tube bottom being
designed as an elastic plastic bottom. The plastic bottom, on
account of its modulus of elasticity, is capable, by elastic
deformation, of following certain extensions, such as occur in the
tube bundle when the exhaust gas heat exchanger is in operation.
This leads to an elastic bulging or deformation of the plastic
bottom, with the result that inadmissible stresses in the
components are avoided.
[0007] The object of the present invention is to improve a heat
exchanger of the type initially mentioned.
[0008] The object is achieved by means of the features of claim
1.
[0009] A heat exchanger for exhaust gas cooling is proposed, with
at least one housing, with a first flow duct for a first medium,
with at least one second flow duct for a second medium, and with at
least one bottom which is connectable to the housing, the bottom
having at least one expansion element for the absorption of
longitudinal extensions. The first flow duct, in particular the
first flow ducts, may be formed by at least one tube, in particular
by a number of tubes. [0010] The first medium may be, in
particular, a gaseous medium, such as, for example, exhaust gas
from an internal combustion engine. The second flow duct may be
formed, in particular, between the housing and tube walls of tubes.
[0011] The second medium may be, in particular, a fluid, such as,
for example, an aqueous liquid or a gaseous fluid, such as, for
example, air. [0012] The heat exchanger has, in particular, a
bottom which is connectable to the housing. The bottom may, in
particular, be connected to the housing in a materially integral
manner and/or with a form fit. [0013] According to the invention,
the bottom may be produced from a metal, in particular from
high-grade steel or aluminum.
[0014] The bottom is designed, in particular, in such a way that it
has an expansion element. In particular, the expansion element can
ensure an axial and/or radial relative movement between the bottom
and housing. Furthermore, the expansion element can ensure an axial
and/or radial relative movement between at least one first bottom
portion and at least one second bottom portion. The expansion
element can, in particular, ensure a thermal expansion of the first
flow duct, in particular of at least one tube or of at least one
disk. According to the invention, the expansion element may be
produced from a metal, in particular from high-grade steel,
aluminum, etc. The metal may preferably be an elastic metal.
[0015] In an advantageous refinement, the expansion element is
produced from metal. Particularly advantageously, the expansion
element may be connectable to the bottom in a materially integral
manner by soldering, welding, etc. In another version, the
expansion element may thereby be produced in one piece with the
bottom in a particularly simple way.
[0016] In an advantageous development, the expansion element is at
least one embossing which, in particular, can be introduced
peripherally into the bottom. Thus, at least one first portion of
the bottom may be relatively movable, in particular expandable,
with respect to at least one second bottom portion.
[0017] In an advantageous design, the expansion element is
expandable axially in a heat exchanger longitudinal direction. The
expansion element is particularly advantageously expandable into
the heat exchanger longitudinal direction. [0018] The heat
exchanger longitudinal direction is, in particular, the direction
in which the at least one flow duct, in particular the at least one
tube, runs. The heat exchanger longitudinal direction may in this
case be, in particular, the direction in which the at least one
first flow duct, in particular the at least one tube, experiences
thermal longitudinal expansion.
[0019] In an advantageous version, the expansion element is
expandable radially to a heat exchanger longitudinal direction.
Particularly advantageously, the expansion element is expandable in
the direction of a thermal transverse extension of at least one
flow duct, in particular of a first flow duct, such as, for
example, of at least one tube.
[0020] In a development, the expansion element is at least one
ridge. Particularly advantageously, a ridge can be produced by
means of a forming manufacturing method, such as, for example,
stamping, embossing, rolling, crimping, etc.
[0021] In an advantageous development, the expansion element has at
least one frame element. Particularly advantageously, the frame
element is a frame which, in particular, has an orifice and, in
particular, is peripheral.
[0022] In a further refinement, at least two frame elements can be
arranged essentially parallel and, in particular, concentrically to
one another. The two, in particular several, frame elements are
arranged, particularly advantageously, in such a way that they run
parallel to one another. In particular, the frames are particularly
advantageously arranged concentrically to one another. The orifice
of the frame may in this case be designed to be circular, oval,
rectangular or with rounded corners. Particularly advantageously,
the orifices of the frames arranged essentially parallel to one
another may be designed in such a way that they can form a cylinder
or a parallelepiped.
[0023] In an advantageous development, the frame elements are at
least in portions connectable in a materially integral manner, in
particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc.
Particularly advantageously, surfaces of the frame elements which,
in particular, are adjacent to one another are connected to one
another in a materially integral manner, in particular by welding,
soldering, adhesive bonding, etc.
[0024] In a refinement, the frame elements are at least in portions
connectable with a form fit, in particular by screwing, flanging,
folding, crimping, etc. The frame elements are in this case
particularly advantageously arranged essentially parallel to one
another.
[0025] In an advantageous development, the expansion element is of
meander-shaped design. Particularly advantageously, the portions
which are of meander-shaped design can expand or stretch in such a
way that they assume essentially a rectilinear shape under
load.
[0026] In a development, the expansion element is a concertina. A
concertina can particularly advantageously be deformed in the
longitudinal and/or transverse direction under load.
[0027] An advantageous refinement is characterized in that an
expansion element is connectable to at least one diffuser.
Particularly advantageously, the expansion element may be connected
to at least one diffuser.
[0028] In an advantageous development, the housing is a cast
housing. A cast housing can particularly advantageously be produced
by means of a forming manufacturing method, such as, for example,
casting, in particular diecasting or chill casting or expendable
mold casting.
[0029] In a particularly advantageous refinement, at least one
connection piece and/or at least one fastening element are/is
produced in one piece with the housing. The at least one connection
piece and/or the at least one fastening element, in particular for
fastening the heat exchanger, for example, to an internal
combustion engine, may particularly advantageously be produced
together with the housing by means of a forming manufacturing
method, such as, for example, casting, in particular expendable
mold casting or diecasting.
[0030] In a development, the bottom is connectable to the housing
in a materially integral manner, in particular by welding, adhesive
bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by screwing,
flanging, folding, crimping, etc.
[0031] In an advantageous development, the housing has at least two
housing elements which are connectable to one another in a
materially integral manner, in particular by welding, soldering,
adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by
screwing, flanging, folding, crimping, etc. Particularly
advantageously, the housing may be formed, for example, from two or
a number of housing elements which consist of sheet metal and
which, in particular, may be connected to one another in a
materially integral manner and/or with a form fit.
[0032] In a refinement, the heat exchanger can have an I-flow
throughflow. Particularly advantageously, in particular, a first
medium enters the heat exchanger through a first orifice, flows
through the heat exchanger and emerges from the heat exchanger
through another orifice.
[0033] In a development, the heat exchanger can have a U-flow
throughflow. In particular, a first medium enters the heat
exchanger through one orifice, flows through the heat exchanger,
experiences, in particular, a reversal of direction and leaves the
heat exchanger, in particular through a further orifice, on an
inlet side of the first medium into the heat exchanger. In a
particularly advantageous way, the heat exchanger has, in
particular, only one bottom.
[0034] In a development, the heat exchanger can have a single-flood
or multi-flood throughflow.
[0035] According to the invention, furthermore, a heat exchanger
for exhaust gas cooling is proposed, with at least one housing,
with at least one first flow duct for a first medium, with at least
one second flow duct for a second medium, with at least one bottom,
with at least one diffuser, and with at least one expansion
element, the at least one expansion element being arrangeable,
spaced apart, spaced apart at least in portions, between the bottom
and the housing, and spaced apart, spaced apart at least in
portions, between the bottom and the diffuser. In particular, the
first flow duct for a first medium, such as, for example, exhaust
gas, may be designed as a tube or as a number of tubes. In
particular, a second medium, such as, for example, a cooling
medium, in particular an aqueous cooling liquid or air, may flow
through the second flow duct. The second flow duct may be formed,
in particular, between the housing and tube walls of at least one
tube or at least one disk. The at least one expansion element is
arranged, in particular, between the bottom and the housing and may
at least in portions touch the bottom and the housing. Furthermore,
the at least one expansion element or, in particular, another
expansion element is arranged between the bottom and the diffuser.
The expansion element may at least in portions touch the bottom and
the diffuser.
[0036] In a further advantageous refinement, a first expansion
element is arrangeable, spaced apart, spaced apart at least in
portions, between the bottom and the housing, and a second
expansion element is arrangeable, spaced apart, spaced apart at
least in portions, between the bottom and the diffuser.
Particularly advantageously, the first expansion element may at
least in portions touch the bottom and the housing. Particularly
advantageously, the second expansion element may at least in
portions touch the bottom and the diffuser.
[0037] In an advantageous development, the at least one expansion
element is a sealing element. Thus, particularly advantageously,
the emergence of at least one medium from inside the housing of the
heat exchanger outward can be prevented.
[0038] In an advantageous design, the first medium is exhaust gas
and/or the second medium is a cooling medium, in particular an
aqueous cooling fluid or air.
[0039] In a further advantageous version, the first flow duct, in
particular the first flow ducts, are tubes, in particular flat
tubes, and the second flow duct is formed between the tubes and the
housing. Flat tubes may be, in particular, tubes which have
essentially a cross section in the form of a long hole or a
rectangular cross section, two sides of the rectangle surface or of
the long-hole surface being designed to be substantially longer
than the other two rectangle surfaces or the other two long-hole
surfaces.
[0040] In an advantageous development, the second flow duct, in
particular the second flow ducts, are tubes, in particular flat
tubes, and the first flow duct is formed between the tubes and the
housing. Particularly advantageously, the first flow duct may be
formed between outer surfaces of the tubes and the housing inner
wall.
[0041] In an advantageous development, the tubes have
turbulence-generating elements. Particularly advantageously, the
turbulence-generating elements may be embossings, such as winglets
or bosses. In another advantageous refinement, the
turbulence-generating elements may be, for example, punched-out
and/or formed metal sheets which, in particular, can be inserted
into the tubes.
[0042] In an advantageous design, the turbulence-generating
elements are embossings which can be introduced into the tube.
Particularly advantageously, the embossings may be introduced into
the tube by means of a forming manufacturing method.
[0043] In an advantageous refinement, the tubes touch the housing
at least in portions. The tubes may particularly advantageously be
supported on the housing.
[0044] In an advantageous development, the embossings touch the
housing at least in portions. In particular, the embossings may
particularly advantageously be supported on the housing.
[0045] In a further refinement, the embossings of at least one tube
touch at least in portions at least one tube adjacent to the tube.
Particularly advantageously, the tubes touch one another by means
of the embossings and are supported with respect to one
another.
[0046] In a development, at least one first disk has a first disk
topside and a first disk underside. Particularly advantageously,
the first disk topside may be a surface on the disk and the first
disk underside may be a further surface on the disk. Particularly
advantageously, the first disk topside and the first disk underside
may be located on sides of the disk which lie opposite one
another.
[0047] In an advantageous refinement, at least one second disk has
a second disk topside and a second disk underside. Particularly
advantageously, the second disk topside may be a surface on the
topside of the disk and the second disk underside may be a surface
on the underside of the disk. The second disk topside and the
second disk underside may particularly advantageously be arranged
on sides of the second disk which lie opposite one another.
[0048] In a further refinement, in each case a first disk is
arranged adjacently in each case to a second disk, the first and
the second disks forming a disk stack.
[0049] In a development, the first flow duct is formed between at
least one first disk topside and at least one second disk underside
and/or the second flow duct is formed between at least one first
disk underside and at least one second disk topside.
[0050] In an advantageous development, the second flow duct is
formed between at least one first disk topside and at least one
second disk underside and/or the first flow duct is formed between
at least one first disk underside and at least one second disk
topside.
[0051] In an advantageous refinement, the first flow duct is formed
between at least one disk and the housing. Particularly
advantageously, the first flow duct may be formed between a
plurality of disks and the inner wall of the housing.
[0052] In a further design, the second flow duct is formed between
at least one disk and the housing. Particularly advantageously, the
second flow duct may be formed between a number of disks and an
inner wall of the housing.
[0053] According to the invention, furthermore, a method for
producing a heat exchanger is proposed, the housing being produced
by means of a forming manufacturing method. Particularly
advantageously, the forming manufacturing method may be casting,
such as, for example, expendable mold casting or diecasting.
[0054] In an advantageous development, the method for producing a
heat exchanger is characterized in that the housing is produced by
casting, in particular expendable mold casting, such as, for
example, sand casting.
[0055] Further advantageous refinements of the invention may be
gathered from the subclaims and from the drawing.
[0056] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in
the drawing and are explained in more detail below. In the
drawing:
[0057] FIG. 1 shows a bottom with an expansion element in the form
of an S-shaped double bead,
[0058] FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of a bottom with an
expansion element in the form of an S-shaped double bead,
[0059] FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of an expansion
element in the form of an S-shaped double bead in conjunction with
a housing wall portion,
[0060] FIG. 4 shows a sectional illustration of a further
embodiment of an expansion element in the form of a concertina
which is connected to the bottom outside,
[0061] FIG. 5a shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element in the form of a concertina which is
connected to the bottom inside,
[0062] FIG. 5b shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element in the form of a concertina with a housing
flange pointing inward,
[0063] FIG. 6a shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element in the form of a ridge introduced into the
bottom,
[0064] FIG. 6b shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element in the form of a ridge introduced into the
bottom, the housing flange pointing inward,
[0065] FIG. 7 shows a sectional illustration of a housing portion
in conjunction with a diffuser portion, with a first expansion
element which is arranged between the housing portion and a bottom
portion, and with a second expansion element which is arranged
between a diffuser portion and a bottom portion,
[0066] FIG. 8 shows an exploded illustration of a heat exchanger in
each case with a bottom, in each case with an expansion element and
in each case with a diffuser,
[0067] FIG. 9 shows a sectional illustration of a flat tube bundle
with turbulence-generating elements,
[0068] FIG. 10 shows a disk stack with turbulence-generating
elements between the disks,
[0069] FIG. 11 shows a further version of a disk stack with
turbulence-generating elements between the disks,
[0070] FIG. 12 shows a further version as an enlarged illustration
of a detail of a bottom with an expansion element.
[0071] FIG. 1 shows a bottom with an expansion element in the form
of an S-shaped double bead. [0072] The bottom 1 has a bottom frame
2 and a bottom surface 5. Furthermore, the bottom has a bottom
thickness d. The bottom 1 is produced essentially from a material
which has a low density. In particular, the bottom 1 is produced
from a metal, such as, for example, from high-grade steel. In
another version, the bottom may be produced from plastic or from
aluminum. [0073] The bottom thickness d assumes essentially values
of 0.5 mm<d<7.0 mm, in particular values of between 0.5
mm<d<4 mm, in particular values of between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm,
in particular values of between 0.5 mm<d<2.5 mm, in
particular values of between 1 mm<d<2.5 mm, in particular
values of between 1.5 mm<d<2.0 mm, in particular values of
between 1.6 mm<d<1.9 mm, in particular values of between 1.65
mm<d<1.85 mm. [0074] The bottom frame 2 has at least one
bottom fastening orifice 4. In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the bottom frame 2 has eight fastening orifices 4. In
another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the bottom frame 2
has more than eight bottom fastening orifices or between one and
eight bottom fastening orifices.
[0075] The frame 2 is of essentially rectangular, in particular
square design. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the frame 2
has four frame corners 7. In another exemplary embodiment, not
illustrated, the frame has more than four frame corners 7 or
between one and four frame corners 7. [0076] In the exemplary
embodiment illustrated, the frame corners 7 are rounded and have a
frame corner radius, not designated in any more detail. In another
exemplary embodiment, the frame corners may be of heptagonal
design.
[0077] The bottom fastening orifices 4 are arranged essentially in
that portion of the frame 2 in which the frame corners 7 are
arranged. Furthermore, at least one further bottom fastening
orifice 4 is arranged in the frame 2 essentially between the bottom
fastening orifices 4 which are arranged in the portion of the frame
corners 7. In this portion, the frame 2 has a circular portion 8.
[0078] The circular portion serves essentially for enlarging a
contact surface, not designated, of the bottom frame 2 with a
fastening element, not illustrated, in particular a screw or a nut.
[0079] The frame has a second frame width b2 in the portion in
which the fastening orifices 4 are arranged. In the other portions,
the bottom frame 2 has a first frame width b1. The first frame
width b1 is substantially smaller than the second frame width b2.
Thus, particularly advantageously, material can be saved.
[0080] In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the bottom frame 2
is produced in one piece with the bottom plate 5. The bottom plate
has essentially the bottom thickness d. In another exemplary
embodiment, not illustrated, the bottom frame 2 is not produced in
one piece with the bottom plate 5. The bottom frame 2 is then
connected at least in portions to the bottom plate 5. [0081] The
bottom frame 2 may be connected to the bottom plate 5, for example,
in a materially integral manner, in particular by welding,
soldering, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in
particular by folding, flanging, crimping, etc.
[0082] The bottom plate 5 has a number of bottom surface orifices
6. The bottom surface orifices 6 are designed essentially as a long
hole.
[0083] The bottom surface orifices 6 are arranged essentially
parallel to one another. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated,
the bottom surface orifices are arranged in six rows. The six rows
in each case have 16 bottom surface orifices 6. The six rows are
arranged essentially parallel to one another. [0084] In another
exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the bottom surface orifices
6 may be arranged in one to six rows or in more than six rows.
[0085] A row may have between one bottom surface orifice 6 and
sixteen bottom surface orifices 6 or more than sixteen bottom
surface orifices 6. [0086] The bottom surface orifices 6 are
arranged essentially in grid form. The grid, not designated in any
more detail, on bottom surface orifices 6 is arranged essentially
concentrically to the bottom 1 or to the bottom plate 5.
[0087] The bottom plate 5 has at least one double bead 3. The
double bead 3 is arranged essentially between the bottom frame 2
and a lattice, not designated in any more detail, which is formed,
in particular, by the grid of bottom surface orifices 6. The double
bead 3 consists of a first single bead and of a second single bead.
[0088] The first single bead, not designated in any more detail, is
an essentially valley-shaped embossing into the bottom plate 5.
[0089] The second single bead, not designated in any more detail,
is an essentially ridge-shaped embossing into the bottom plate 5.
The first single bead, not designated in any more detail, is formed
essentially concentrically to the frame 2. The first single bead is
arranged essentially peripherally around the bottom surface orifice
lattice 9. [0090] The second single bead, are not designated in any
more detail, is arranged essentially concentrically to the bottom
frame 2. The second single bead is arranged essentially
concentrically to the first single bead. The second single bead is
arranged essentially between the first single bead and the bottom
surface orifice lattice 9. The second single bead is arranged
essentially peripherally around the bottom surface orifice lattice
9. [0091] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the
first single bead is designed as a ridge and the second single bead
is designed as an essentially peripheral valley. [0092] In another
exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first single bead and
the second single bead are designed as a valley or as a ridge.
[0093] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, more than
two single beads are arranged essentially peripherally around the
bottom surface orifice lattice 9. In particular, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
etc. single beads are arranged essentially peripherally around the
bottom surface orifice lattice 9. The single beads are, in
particular, embossed into the bottom plate 5, for example by
stamping, forming, pressing, rolling, etc.
[0094] The bottom 1 is produced essentially by means of a forming
manufacturing method, such as, for example, stamping, embossing,
etc. [0095] In another exemplary embodiment, the bottom 1 is
produced by means of a forming manufacturing method, such as, for
example, casting, in particular diecasting. [0096] In another
exemplary embodiment, the bottom 1 is formed at least in portions
from a composite fiber material. [0097] In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the bottom 1 is designed to be essentially
rectangular, in particular square, and, in particular, with rounded
corners. [0098] In another exemplary embodiment, the bottom 1 may
be designed to be circular and/or elliptic and/or star-shaped
and/or angular or as a combination of the abovementioned forms.
[0099] FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of a bottom with an
expansion element in the form of an S-shaped double bead. Identical
features are given the same reference symbols as in FIG. 1. [0100]
The bottom 20 has an expansion element 24. The expansion element 24
is designed essentially as a double bead 21. The double bead 21 has
essentially an S-shaped cross section. The double bead 21 comprises
essentially a first single bead 22 and a second single bead 23.
[0101] The bottom 20 has a bottom outside 25 and a bottom inside
26. The bottom outside 25 is arranged essentially opposite the
bottom inside 26.
[0102] A media flow direction MSR runs essentially perpendicularly
with respect to the bottom 20. The media flow direction MSR runs
essentially from the bottom outside 25 in the direction of the
bottom inside 26. [0103] In particular, a first flow medium, such
as, for example, exhaust gas, can enter a heat exchanger, not
illustrated, through the bottom surface orifices 16 in the media
flow direction MSR and emerge from a heat exchanger, not
illustrated, opposite to the media flow direction MSR. [0104] The
first single bead is essentially a valley-shaped embossing. The
valley-shaped embossing is formed in the media flow direction MSR
from the bottom 20 or from the bottom plate 5. The first single
bead 22 has a round edge, not designated in any more detail. [0105]
In another version, the first single bead 22 may, for example, have
a V-shaped cross section. [0106] In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, it has essentially a U-shaped cross section. [0107] In
a further exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the single bead 22
may be designed essentially as an angular U. [0108] The first
single bead 22 is arranged essentially peripherally around the
bottom surface orifice lattice 9. The single bead 22 is arranged
essentially concentrically to the bottom frame 2, in particular
between the bottom frame 2 and the bottom surface orifice lattice
9. The first single bead 22 is introduced into the bottom 20, in
particular into the bottom plate 5, essentially by means of a
forming manufacturing method, such as, for example, embossing,
stamping, rolling, etc. [0109] A further second single bead 23 is
arranged between the first single bead and the bottom surface
orifice lattice 9. The second single bead 23 is formed essentially
opposite to the media flow direction MSR from the bottom 20, in
particular from the bottom plate 5. The second single bead has
essentially a U-shaped cross section. The U-shaped cross section
may be designed as a round U or as an angular U. In a further
exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the cross section of the
second single bead 23 is of V-shaped design. The second single bead
23 is arranged essentially peripherally around the bottom surface
orifice lattice 9. The second single bead 23 is arranged
essentially concentrically to the first single bead 22.
[0110] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first
single bead 22 and the second single bead 23 are formed in the
media flow direction MSR. [0111] In another embodiment, not
illustrated, the first single bead 22 and the second single bead 23
are arranged essentially opposite to the flow direction MSR. [0112]
In another exemplary embodiment, the bottom 20 has one or more than
two single beads.
[0113] FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of an expansion
element in the form of an S-shaped double bead in conjunction with
a housing wall portion.
[0114] The housing portion 31 has a flange portion 36. The flange
portion 36 of a flange, not illustrated any further, is formed
essentially perpendicularly to the housing portion 31. [0115] In
another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the flange can have
an angle of between 30.degree. and 120.degree., in particular
between 40.degree. and 100.degree., with respect to the housing
portion 31. [0116] The bottom portion 32 touches the flange portion
36 at least in portions. Essentially, a bottom margin portion, not
designated in any more detail, of the bottom portion 32 is arranged
essentially parallel to the flange portion 36. The bottom margin
portion is connected at least in portions to the flange portion 36
in a materially integral manner, for example by joining, such as,
for example, by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or
with a form fit, in particular such as, for example, by folding,
crimping, flanging, etc. [0117] The bottom portion 32 has a double
bead 33. The double bead 33 is of essentially S-shaped design. In a
way not illustrated, the double bead 33 is arranged essentially
peripherally. The double bead 33 has a first single bead 34 and a
second single bead 35. [0118] The first single bead 34 is of
essentially U-shaped design, in particular as a round U. [0119] In
another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first single
bead has an angularly U-shaped or V-shaped design. [0120] The
second single bead 35 is of essentially U-shaped design, in
particular as a round U. [0121] In another exemplary embodiment,
the second single bead 35 is designed essentially as an angular U
or is of V-shaped design. [0122] The end portion of the bottom
portion 32 is formed essentially parallel to the bottom portion 32.
[0123] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the bottom
end portion, not designated, has an angle with respect to the
bottom portion 32. The angle may assume values of between 0.degree.
and 130.degree..
[0124] FIG. 4 shows a sectional illustration of a further
embodiment of an expansion element in the form of a concertina
which is connected to the bottom outside.
[0125] The expansion element 40 is designed as a concertina 43. The
expansion element 40 or the concertina 43 has a first frame element
44, a second frame element 47 and a third frame element 50. The
first frame element 44, the second frame element 47 and the third
frame element 50 are connected at least in portions in a materially
integral manner, in particular by soldering, welding, adhesive
bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by folding,
flanging, crimping, screwing, etc.
[0126] The first frame element 44 has a first end portion, not
designated in any more detail, which has a first contact portion 45
of the first frame element. Furthermore, the first frame element 44
has a second end portion, not designated in any more detail, which
has a second contact portion 46 of the first frame element. The
first frame element 44 has essentially a kink between the first end
portion and the second end portion. The kink is formed essentially
peripherally. The first end portion, not designated in any more
detail, of the first frame element and the second end portion, not
designated in any more detail, of the first frame element are
designed essentially parallel to one another.
[0127] The second frame element 47 has a frame end portion, not
designated in any more detail, which has a first contact portion 48
of the second frame element. Furthermore, the second frame element
47 has a second frame end portion, not designated in any more
detail, which has a second contact portion 49 of the second frame
element 47. Essentially a kink is formed in the second frame
element 47 between the first frame end portion, not designated in
any more detail, of the second frame element 47 and the second
frame end portion, not designated in any more detail, of the second
frame element 47. The kink, not designated in any more detail, is
arranged essentially peripherally in the second frame element 47.
The first frame end portion, not designated in any more detail, of
the second frame element is arranged essentially parallel to the
second frame end portion, not designated in any more detail, of the
second frame element 47.
[0128] A third frame element 50 has a frame end portion, not
designated in any more detail, of the third frame element 50, said
frame end portion having a first contact portion 51 of the third
frame element 50. Furthermore, the third frame element 50 has a
second frame end portion, not designated in any more detail, which
has a second contact portion 52 of the third frame element 50. A
kink is introduced into the third frame element 50 between the
first end portion, not designated in any more detail, of the third
frame element 50 and the second end portion, not designated in any
more detail, of the third frame element 50. The kink is formed
essentially peripherally in the third frame element 50. The first
end portion, not designated in any more detail, of the third frame
element 50 is arranged essentially parallel to the second end
portion, not designated in any more detail, of the third frame
element 50.
[0129] The housing portion 41 has a housing wall portion 55 and a
housing flange portion 56. The housing flange portion 56 is the
portion of a housing flange, not illustrated any further. The
housing flange portion 56 touches the first contact portion 45 of
the first frame element at least in portions. In particular, the
first contact portion 45 of the first frame element is connected at
least in portions to the housing flange portion 56 in a materially
integral manner, in particular by welding, soldering, adhesive
bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by crimping,
folding, flanging, screwing, etc. The housing flange portion 56 is
formed essentially perpendicularly to the housing wall portion 55.
[0130] In another embodiment, not illustrated, the housing flange
portion 56 has an angle, not designated in any more detail, with
respect to the housing wall portion 55. The angle, not designated
in any more detail, assumes essentially values of between 0.degree.
and 130.degree., in particular values of between 45.degree. and
110.degree.. The first contact portion 45 of the first frame
element is arranged essentially parallel to the first end portion,
not designated in any more detail, of the first frame element. The
second end portion, not designated in any more detail, of the first
frame element 44 is arranged essentially parallel to the first end
portion, not designated in any more detail, of the second frame
element 47. The second end portion, not designated in any more
detail, of the second frame element 47 is arranged essentially
parallel to the first end portion, not designated in any more
detail, of the third frame element 50.
[0131] The bottom portion 42 has a bottom outside 53 and a bottom
inside 54. The bottom outside is arranged essentially parallel to
the bottom inside 54. [0132] In another exemplary embodiment, not
illustrated, the bottom outside 53 may have an angle with respect
to the bottom inside 54. The angle, not designated in any more
detail, assumes values of between 0.degree. and 90.degree., in
particular values of between 0.degree. and 40.degree.. [0133] The
second contact portion 46 of the first frame element 44 touches the
first contact portion 48 of the second frame element 47 at least in
portions. In particular, the second contact portion of the first
frame element 44 is connected to the first contact portion 48 of
the second frame element 47 in a materially integral manner, in
particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or
with a form fit, in particular by crimping, folding, flanging,
screwing, etc. [0134] The second contact portion 49 of the second
frame element 47 touches the first contact portion 51 of the third
frame element 50 at least in portions. In particular, the second
contact portion 49 of the second frame element 47 is connected to
the first contact portion 51 of the third frame element 50 in a
materially integral manner, in particular by welding, soldering,
adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by
folding, flanging, crimping, screwing, etc. [0135] The second
contact portion 52 of the third frame element 50 touches the bottom
outside 53 of the bottom portion 42 at least in portions. The
second contact portion 52 of the third frame element 50 is
connected to the bottom outside 53 of the bottom portion 42 in a
materially integral manner, in particular by welding, soldering,
adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by
crimping, folding, flanging, screwing, etc.
[0136] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first
frame element 44, the second frame element 47 and the third frame
element 50 are produced in one piece.
[0137] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the bottom
portion 42, the first frame element 44, the second frame element 47
and the third frame element 50 are produced in one piece.
[0138] The concertina 43 or the first frame element 44 and/or the
second frame element 47 and/or the third frame element 50 are
produced from a material with low density, such as, for example,
from a metal, such as, for example, aluminum, high-grade steel, or
from a plastic, such as, for example, from an elastomer, such as
rubber, or from a polymer, etc. [0139] In particular, the
concertina 43 or the first frame element 44 and/or the second frame
element 47 and/or the third frame element 50 may be designed at
least in portions as a sealing element. [0140] The concertina 43 or
the first frame element 44 and/or the second frame element 47
and/or the third frame element 50 may in another exemplary
embodiment, not illustrated, be produced from a composite fiber
material.
[0141] The bottom portion 42 of the bottom, not illustrated, may,
in particular, be produced from a metal, for example from a metal
with low density, such as, for example, aluminum or high-grade
steel, or from a plastic, in particular from an elastomer or from a
polymer.
[0142] The housing portion 41 of the housing, not illustrated any
further, or the housing may be produced from a cast metal, such as,
for example, from gray cast iron or from cast aluminum, in
particular from diecast aluminum or from expendable mold cast
aluminum, such as, for example, from sand casting.
[0143] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the
housing, not illustrated, together with the housing portion 41 is
produced from a plastic, such as, for example, from a thermosetting
plastic or an elastomer. In another exemplary embodiment, not
illustrated, the concertina 43 has between one and two or more than
three frame elements.
[0144] FIG. 5a shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element in the form of a concertina which is
connected to the bottom inside. Identical features are given the
same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
[0145] In contrast to FIG. 4, in FIG. 5 the third frame element 50
is connected to the bottom inside 64 of the bottom portion 42. The
concertina 61 has a first frame element 44, a second frame element
47 and a third frame element 50.
[0146] The bottom portion 62 has a bottom outside 63 and a bottom
inside 64. The bottom outside 63 is arranged essentially parallel
to the bottom inside 64. [0147] The second contact portion 51 of
the third frame element 50 touches the bottom inside 64 at least in
portions. The second contact portion 52 of the third frame element
50 is connected at least in portions to the bottom portion 62 in a
materially integral manner, in particular by soldering, welding,
adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by
folding, crimping, flanging, screwing, etc. In the exemplary
embodiment illustrated, the concertina has three frame elements.
[0148] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the
concertina has one to two or more than three frame elements. [0149]
In a further exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first frame
element 44 and/or the second frame element 47 and/or the third
frame element 50 are produced in one piece.
[0150] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the
bottom, no longer illustrated, is produced in one piece with the
bottom portion 62, the first frame element 44 and/or the second
frame element 47 and/or the third frame element 50.
[0151] The first frame element 44 and/or the second frame element
and/or the third frame element 50 and/or the bottom with the bottom
portion 62 are produced, for example, from a metal, in particular
with low density, such as, for example, aluminum or high-grade
steel, and/or from a plastic, such as, for example, from an
elastomer, rubber or from a composite fiber material.
[0152] The concertina 61 or the first frame element 44 and/or the
second frame element 47 and/or the third frame element 50 are
designed at least in portions as a sealing element.
[0153] FIG. 5b shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element 65 in the form of a concertina with a
housing flange 66 pointing inward. Identical elements are given the
same reference symbols as in the preceding figures. [0154] In
contrast to FIG. 5a, the housing portion 41 has a housing flange
66. The housing flange 66 is formed in the direction of the housing
interior, not designated in any more detail. Construction space can
thus be saved. In particular, the bottom portion 62 of a bottom,
not designated in any more detail, is arranged in the housing
interior of a housing, not designated in any more detail, having
the housing portion 41. Construction space can thus advantageously
be saved.
[0155] In a further embodiment, the tubes are connected at least in
portions to the bottom, not designated in any more detail, having
the bottom portion 62 in a preceding manufacturing process with a
form fit and/or in a materially integral manner, in particular by
welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc. The tubes, in particular
flat tubes, connected at least in portions to the bottom are
introduced through an orifice, not illustrated, in the housing of
the heat exchanger into the housing interior of the heat exchanger,
until the first frame element 44 at least in portions touches with
the first contact portion 45 the housing flange 66. [0156] In a
further manufacturing step, the first frame element 44 is connected
at least in portions to the housing flange 66 with a form fit, in
particular by means of connection elements 67, such as screws and
nuts, rivets, etc., and/or in a materially integral manner, in
particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc.
[0157] Any appropriate demounting of the tubes and of the bottom,
particularly for repair purposes, is likewise possible.
[0158] FIG. 6a shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element in the form of a ridge introduced into the
bottom. Identical features are given the same reference symbols as
in the preceding figures.
[0159] The housing portion 41 of a housing, not illustrated any
further, has a housing wall portion 55 and a housing flange portion
56. The bottom portion 71 has a bottom end portion 72 with a bottom
end portion surface 73. Furthermore, the bottom portion 71 has an
expansion element 70 in the form of a ridge 74. [0160] The bottom
end portion 72 is formed essentially parallel to the housing flange
portion 56. [0161] The bottom end portion surface 73 touches the
housing flange portion 56 at least in portions and is connected, in
particular, in a materially integral manner, for example by
welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit,
in particular by crimping, folding, flanging, screwing, etc. [0162]
The ridge 74 has essentially a U-shaped cross section. In the
exemplary embodiment illustrated, the cross section is designed as
a substantially round U. [0163] In another exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the U may be designed essentially as an angular U. In
a further exemplary embodiment, the cross section of the ridge 74
may be of V-shaped design. [0164] The ridge 74 is formed from the
bottom portion 71 essentially in a direction, not designated any
further, which points from the bottom portion inside 76 to the
bottom portion outside 75. The bottom portion 71 of the bottom, not
designated in any more detail, having the ridge 74 is produced
essentially from a metal, in particular with low density, such as,
for example, from aluminum or from high-grade steel. Furthermore,
the bottom of the bottom portion 71 having the ridge 74 may be
produced from a plastic, such as, for example, from a polymer or an
elastomer or from a composite fiber material or from ceramic.
[0165] FIG. 6b shows a sectional illustration of a further version
of an expansion element 77 in the form of a ridge 74 introduced
into the bottom, the housing flange pointing into the housing
interior. Identical features are given the same reference symbols
as in the preceding figures. In contrast to FIG. 6a, the housing
flange 78 points in the direction of the housing interior of a
housing, not designated in any more detail, having the housing
portion 41.
[0166] In contrast to FIG. 6a, the housing portion 41 has a housing
flange 78. The housing flange 78 is formed in the direction of the
housing interior, not designated in any more detail. Construction
space can thus be saved. In particular, the bottom portion 71 of a
bottom, not designated in any more detail, is arranged in the
housing interior of a housing, not designated in any more detail,
having the housing portion 41. Construction space can thus
advantageously be saved.
[0167] In a further embodiment, the tubes 79 are connected at least
in portions to the bottom, not designated in any more detail,
having the bottom portion 71 in a preceding manufacturing process
with a form fit and/or in a materially integral manner, in
particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc.
[0168] The tubes 79, in particular flat tubes, connected at least
in portions to the bottom are introduced through an orifice, not
illustrated, in the housing of the heat exchanger into the housing
interior of the heat exchanger, until the bottom end portion 72 at
least in portions touches with the bottom end portion surface 73
the housing flange 78.
[0169] In a further manufacturing step, the bottom end portion is
connected at least in portions to the housing flange 78 with a form
fit, in particular by means of connection elements 67, such as
screws and nuts, rivets, etc., and/or in a materially integral
manner, in particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding,
etc.
[0170] Any appropriate demounting of the tubes 79 and of the
bottom, particularly for repair purposes, is likewise possible.
[0171] FIG. 7 shows a sectional illustration of a housing portion
in conjunction with a diffuser portion, with a first expansion
element which is arranged between the housing portion and a bottom
portion, and a second expansion element which is arranged between
the diffuser portion and the bottom portion. Identical features are
given the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
[0172] The diffuser portion 90 of a diffuser, not illustrated any
further, may be designed as an inlet diffuser or as an outlet
diffuser.
[0173] The diffuser portion 90 has a diffuser end portion 91 and a
diffuser contact surface 92. The diffuser end portion 91 touches
the housing flange portion 56 at least in portions. In particular,
the diffuser end portion 91 is connected at least in portions to
the housing flange portion 56 in a materially integral manner, in
particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or
with a form fit, in particular by screwing, crimping, folding, etc.
The diffuser portion of the diffuser, not illustrated any further,
is connected to the housing flange portion 56 by means of at least
one diagrammatically illustrated fastening element 93, such as, for
example, a screw. [0174] The bottom portion 82 of the bottom, not
illustrated any further, is arranged between the diffuser portion
90 of a diffuser and the housing flange portion 56 of a housing,
not illustrated any further. In particular, the bottom portion 82
is arranged essentially parallel to the diffuser end portion 91 and
to the housing flange portion 56. A first expansion element 80 is
arranged between the bottom portion 82 and the housing flange
portion 56.
[0175] The first expansion element 80 at least in portions touches
with the first contact surface 86 the first bottom end portion
region 84 of the bottom end portion 83. Furthermore, the first
expansion element 80 touches with the second contact surface 87 the
housing flange portion 56. The first expansion element 80 is
produced essentially from an elastic material, such as, for
example, rubber, or another plastic. Furthermore, the first
expansion element 80 is designed as a sealing element.
[0176] The first expansion element 80 is designed to run
peripherally essentially in the form of a ring. In another
exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first expansion element
80 may be designed as an O-ring. In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the first expansion element 80 has an essentially
rectangular cross section.
[0177] In another exemplary embodiment, the first expansion element
80 may have a round and/or oval or square cross section. In another
exemplary embodiment, the cross section may have a combination of
the abovementioned forms.
[0178] A second expansion element 81 is arranged between the bottom
portion 82 and the diffuser portion 90. The second expansion
element 81 at least in portions touches with a first contact
surface 88 the second bottom end portion contact surface 85.
Essentially, the first contact surface 88 is arranged parallel to
the second bottom end portion contact surface 85. Furthermore, the
first expansion element 81 at least in portions touches with the
second contact surface of the second expansion element the diffuser
contact surface 92. Essentially, the diffuser contact surface 92 is
formed parallel to the second contact surface 89 of the second
expansion element.
[0179] The first expansion element 81 is produced at least in
portions from an elastic material, such as, for example, plastic or
rubber, or from another elastomer. In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the second expansion element 81 has essentially a
rectangular cross section. [0180] In another exemplary embodiment,
the second expansion element 81 may have an oval cross section
and/or a round cross section and/or a square cross section. [0181]
In another embodiment, the second expansion element 81 has a cross
section which is designed as a combination of the abovementioned
forms. The second expansion element 81 may, for example, be an
O-ring. The second expansion element 81 is designed to run
peripherally essentially in the form of a ring.
[0182] FIG. 8 shows an exploded illustration of a heat exchanger
100. [0183] The heat exchanger 100 has a housing 101. The housing
101 is essentially designed as a hollow body. The housing 101 has
essentially a rectangular, in particular square cross section.
[0184] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the
housing 101 has a round or oval cross section. In the exemplary
embodiment illustrated, the housing 101 is produced from a cast
metal material. In particular, the housing 101 is produced from
gray cast iron or from cast steel or from aluminum. [0185] In
another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the housing 101 is
produced from plastic or from ceramic or from a composite fiber
material.
[0186] Fastening bodies 102 serve for fastening the housing 101,
for example, to a drive unit, such as an internal combustion
engine. The fastening body 102 has an essentially rectangular
material clearance 103 and an essentially round fastening orifice
104. Fastening elements, not illustrated any further, can be
inserted through the orifice 104. In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the fastening body 102 is produced essentially in one
piece with the housing 101. [0187] In another exemplary embodiment,
the fastening bodies 102 may be connected to the housing 101, for
example, in a materially integral manner by welding, soldering,
adhesive bonding, etc.
[0188] The housing 101 has first reinforcing ribs 105. Adjacent
first reinforcing ribs are arranged essentially parallel to one
another. The first reinforcing ribs 105 run essentially from a
first housing flange 109 to a second housing flange 110, or vice
versa.
[0189] Furthermore, the housing 101 has second reinforcing ribs
106. Adjacent second reinforcing ribs 106 are arranged essentially
parallel to one another. The second reinforcing ribs 106 are
arranged so as to run essentially peripherally around the housing
101. The second reinforcing ribs 106 are arranged essentially
perpendicularly to the first reinforcing ribs 105.
[0190] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first
reinforcing ribs 105 may have an angle of between 0.degree. and
90.degree., in particular of between 20.degree. and 70.degree.,
with the second reinforcing ribs 106.
[0191] Furthermore, the housing 101 has a first connection piece
107 and a second connection piece 108. The first connection piece
107 and/or the second connection piece 108 are/is designed
essentially cylindrically. In particular, coolant flows through the
connection pieces 107 and 108 into the heat exchanger 100 and/or
out of this.
[0192] The coolant is, in particular, an aqueous cooling liquid or
a gas, such as, for example, air.
[0193] The housing 101 has a first housing flange 109 and a second
housing flange 110 at the ends, not designated in any more detail.
In particular, the first housing flange 109 is arranged at one end
and the second housing flange 110 is arranged at the other end, not
designated in any more detail. The first housing flange 109 and/or
the second housing flange 110 are/is designed essentially as a
rectangular frame with rounded corners. [0194] In another exemplary
embodiment, the first housing flange 109 and/or the second housing
flange 110 may be of oval design.
[0195] The first housing flange 109 has at least one orifice 111
which is of essentially round design. In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the first housing flange 109 has eight orifices 111.
In another exemplary embodiment, the first housing flange 109
and/or the second housing flange 110 may have one to eight or more
than eight orifices 111. [0196] In particular, the orifices 111
have a thread, not designated in any more detail, into which
fastening elements 119, such as, for example, screws, can be
screwed.
[0197] The heat exchanger 100 has a first diffuser 112 and a second
diffuser 113. The first diffuser 112 is designed essentially
identically to the second diffuser 113. In another exemplary
embodiment, the first diffuser 112 may be designed differently from
the second diffuser 113.
[0198] In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the first diffuser
112 has a first flange 114 and a second flange 115. The first
diffuser 112 is designed essentially pyramidally as a four-sided
pyramid. The first flange 114 is essentially formed as a frame
element from the bottom of the four-sided pyramid. The second
flange 115 is essentially formed from the vertex of the four-sided
pyramid. The first flange 114 is of essentially frame-shaped
design. [0199] Fastening cylinders 116 are formed from the first
flange 114. The fastening cylinders 116 have orifices 118, in
particular round orifices. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated,
fastening elements 119, in particular screws, are inserted through
the orifices 118. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the
first flange 114 has eight fastening cylinders 116, each with an
orifice 118. [0200] In another exemplary embodiment, the first
flange 114 has one to eight or more than eight fastening cylinders
116, each with an orifice 118.
[0201] Second fastening cylinders 117 are formed from the second
housing flange. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the
fastening cylinders 117 are identical to the fastening cylinders
116. [0202] In another exemplary embodiment illustrated, the
fastening cylinders 117 are designed differently from the fastening
cylinders 116.
[0203] The second flange 115 formed from the vertex of the
four-sided pyramid is designed essentially as a triangular body.
The corners, not designated in any more detail, of the second
flange are essentially rounded. In each case an orifice 120 is
introduced into the second flange 115 adjacently to the corners,
not designated in any more detail. In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated, the flange 115 has, overall, three orifices 120. In
another exemplary embodiment, the flange 115 may have one to three
or more than three orifices 120. [0204] An orifice 125 is arranged
at the center of the flange 115. Essentially the medium to be
cooled, such as, for example, exhaust gas, flows through the
orifice 125 into the heat exchanger 101 and out of the latter.
[0205] A bottom 121 and also a first frame element 122 and a second
frame element 123 are arranged, essentially parallel to one another
and parallel to the first housing flange 109 and/or parallel to the
first flange of the diffuser 114, between the flange 115 and the
first housing flange 109. [0206] The bottom 121 is arranged
essentially between the first frame element 122 and the second
frame element 123. The bottom 121 is arranged essentially
concentrically to the first frame element 122 and to the second
frame element 123. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the
bottom 121 corresponds to the bottom 1 from FIG. 1 or to the bottom
20 from FIG. 2. In another exemplary embodiment, the bottom 121 may
be designed differently from the bottom 1 of FIG. 1 or from the
bottom 20 of FIG. 2.
[0207] The first frame element 122 and/or the second frame element
123 have/has orifices 124. In particular, the orifices 124 are
designed as holes, not designated in any more detail. The first
housing flange 109, the first flange of the diffuser 114, the
bottom 121, the first frame element 122 and the second frame
element 123 have essentially the same hole pattern. [0208] The
first frame element 122 and the second frame element 123 are
designed essentially as bottom frames 2 of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The
frame element 122 and the frame element 123 may be produced from
metal, such as, for example, from aluminum or high-grade steel, or
from plastic, such as, for example, from an elastomer. Furthermore,
the first frame element 122 and the second frame element 123 may be
designed as a sealing element consisting of rubber. [0209] The
first diffuser 112, the first frame element 122, the second frame
element 123 and the bottom 121 are connected to the first housing
flange 109 of the housing 101 by means of the fastening elements
119, in particular by means of the screws. In the exemplary
embodiment illustrated, the second diffuser 113 is connected to the
second housing flange 110 of the housing 101 in the same way.
[0210] In another exemplary embodiment, the first diffuser 112
and/or the second diffuser 113 are connected to the housing 101
with a form fit, for example by crimping, folding or flanging,
and/or in a materially integral manner by welding, soldering, or
adhesive bonding.
[0211] FIG. 9 shows a sectional illustration of a flat tube bundle
with turbulence-generating elements.
[0212] The flat tube bundle 200 has a number of flat tubes 201
which are arranged essentially parallel to one another. The flat
tube bundle 200 is introduced, in particular, into a housing 101 of
the heat exchanger 100 of FIG. 8.
[0213] The flat tubes 201 have a flat tube wall 202. Furthermore,
the flat tubes 201 have in each case at least one flat tube orifice
203, in particular in each case two flat tube orifices 203 for each
flat tube 201.
[0214] Bosses 205 are produced from the flat tubes 201 out of the
flat tube wall 202 outward, in particular by means of a forming
manufacturing method, such as, for example, embossing, stamping,
pressing, etc. Adjacent flat tubes 201 are supported with respect
to one another by means of the bosses 205. At least one boss 205 of
a flat tube 201 touches at least in portions the flat tube wall 202
of an adjacently arranged flat tube 201. Furthermore,
turbulence-generating elements 204, likewise in the form of bosses
or winglets, may be formed out of the flat tube wall 202 in the
direction of the tube interior, not designated in any more detail,
of a flat tube 201. In particular, the turbulence-generating
elements 204 are introduced by means of a forming manufacturing
method, such as stamping, embossing, pressing, etc.
[0215] Furthermore, the turbulence-generating elements 204 may be
designed as turbulence inserts. These push-in turbulence inserts
are, in particular, embossed or stamped into a sheet metal element
by means of a forming manufacturing method. The push-in turbulence
inserts 204 can be introduced into at least one flat tube 201 via
the flat tube orifice 203. Via the bosses 205 of the flat tubes
201, which are arranged adjacently to a housing wall, not
illustrated, of a housing of a heat exchanger, the flat tube bundle
200 is supported against the housing wall, not illustrated, of the
housing of the heat exchanger.
[0216] FIG. 10 shows a flat tube bundle 300 as a disk stack
302.
[0217] The flat tube bundle 300 has a number of flat tubes 301.
[0218] A flat tube 301 has, in particular, an upper disk 303 and a
lower disk 304. The upper disk 303 and the lower disk 304 are
connected to one another at least in portions in a materially
integral manner, in particular by welding, soldering, adhesive
bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit, in particular by folding,
crimping, flanging, etc. [0219] The upper disks 303 and/or 304 have
in each case one, in particular two, disk orifices 305. [0220] The
disk orifices 305 are introduced into disk ring portions 306 which
are formed out of the upper disk 303 and/or out of the lower disk
304, in particular by means of a forming manufacturing method, such
as, for example, embossing, stamping, etc. [0221] The disk ring
portions 306 or the disk orifices 305 of adjacent flat tubes 301
touch one another at least in portions and, in particular, are
connected to one another at least in portions in a materially
integral manner, in particular by welding, soldering, adhesive
bonding, etc. [0222] The flat tubes 301 have turbulence-generating
elements. These turbulence-generating elements, not designated in
any more detail, are introduced into the flat tubes 301, for
example, as a turbulence insert. The turbulence insert is, in
particular, a metal sheet with embossings which are introduced, in
particular, into the metal sheet by means of a forming
manufacturing method, such as, for example, stamping or embossing.
The at least one turbulence insert is arranged, in particular,
between an upper disk 303 and a lower disk 304. In another
exemplary embodiment, a turbulence-generating element is introduced
into the upper disk 303 and/or the lower disk 304 of the flat tube
301 by means of a forming manufacturing method, such as, for
example, embossing, stamping, etc. A cavity 308 is formed between
adjacent flat tubes at least in portions between the two disk ring
portions 306 of a flat tube 301. Turbulence-generating elements 307
in the form of turbulence inserts can be introduced at least in
portions into the cavity 308. The turbulence inserts are connected
at least in portions to at least one flat tube 301, in particular
by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc.
[0223] FIG. 11 shows a further version of a flat tube bundle 400 in
the form of a disk stack 401.
[0224] The flat tube bundle 400 has a number of flat tubes 402. A
flat tube 402 has in each case an upper disk 403 and a lower disk
404. The upper disk 403 and the lower disk 404 are at least in
portions connected to one another in a materially integral manner,
in particular by welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or
with a form fit, in particular by crimping, folding, flanging, etc.
[0225] Two conical elements are formed out of the upper disk 403.
The conical elements 406 in each case have an orifice 407. [0226]
The lower disk 404 has at least one orifice 405.
[0227] Adjacent flat tubes 402 are connected to one another at
least in portions in a materially integral manner, in particular by
welding, soldering, adhesive bonding, etc., and/or with a form fit,
in particular by crimping, folding, flanging, etc.
Turbulence-generating elements in the form of turbulence inserts
408 are introduced between adjacent flat tubes 402. A turbulence
insert is, in particular, a metal sheet, into which embossings,
which lead to the swirling of a flow medium, are introduced by
means of a forming manufacturing method. [0228]
Turbulence-generating elements in the form of turbulence inserts
408 are likewise introduced between the upper disk 403 and the
lower disk 404. In another version, not illustrated,
turbulence-generating elements are introduced into the upper disk
403 and/or the lower disk 404 by means of a forming manufacturing
method, such as, for example, embossing, stamping, etc.
[0229] FIG. 12 shows a further exemplary embodiment or a
development of a bottom 500 with an expansion element 501.
Identical features are given the same reference symbols in FIG. 12
as in the preceding figures. For the description of these features,
reference is made to the corresponding figures. An enlarged
illustration of a detail is illustrated in section. [0230] The
bottom 500 has a first plate 506 which has an orifice, not
designated in any more detail, in the center of the plate 506. The
plate 506 is designed in such a way that it surrounds the orifice,
not illustrated, in a frame-like manner. The plate 506 is produced
from steel, such as, for example, high-grade steel or another
steel. However, it may also be produced from aluminum or another
metal. In another embodiment, not illustrated, the plate is
produced from plastic or from a composite fiber material or from a
ceramic material. The plate 506 has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 2 mm,
in particular of between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, in particular of between
0.6 mm and 0.9 mm, in particular 0.8 mm. [0231] The plate 506 has
an expansion element 501. The expansion element 501 has a first
bead-shaped embossing 502 and a second bead-shaped embossing 505.
The first embossing 502 and/or the second bead-shaped embossing 505
are arranged essentially concentrically to the orifice, not
illustrated, in the plate 506 and/or essentially concentrically to
one another. The first embossing 502 is embossed out of the plate
essentially in the direction of an axis A1. The second embossing
505 is embossed out of the plate essentially in the direction of an
axis A2. The axes A1 and A2 may be arranged parallel to one
another. In another embodiment of the invention, the axes A1 and A2
are arranged at an angle of between 0.degree. and 90.degree., in
particular of between 5.degree. and 70.degree., in particular of
between 8.degree. and 45.degree., in particular of between
9.degree. and 30.degree., in particular of between 10.degree. and
15.degree., to one another. The axis A1 and/or the axis A2 are/is
essentially parallel to a normal vector of the plate 506, but, in
another embodiment, may also be arranged at an angle of between
0.degree. and 90.degree., in particular of between 5.degree. and
70.degree., in particular of between 8.degree. and 45.degree., in
particular of between 9.degree. and 30.degree., in particular of
between 10.degree. and 15.degree., to a normal vector of the plate
506. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the first embossing
502 and the second embossing 505 are formed out of the plate in
such a way that the second embossing 505 forms a valley with
respect to the plate 506 and the first embossing 502 forms a kind
of rampart with respect to the plate 506. In another exemplary
embodiment, the first and the second embossing both form a valley
or both form a rampart. The first embossing 502 and the second
embossing 505 adjoin one another essentially directly.
[0232] The plate 506 has an angularly designed region 503 which
adjoins the first embossing 502 essentially directly.
[0233] A second plate 507 is designed essentially in the same way
as the bottom surface orifice lattice 9 and has the features of the
bottom orifice lattice 9 described in the preceding figures. The
second plate 507 is produced from a material, such as high-grade
steel, or from another steel. In another exemplary embodiment, the
second plate 507 is produced from aluminum or from another metal.
In a further exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the second
plate is produced from a material, such as a composite fiber
material, from a plastic or from a ceramic-containing material. The
second plate 507 has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, in particular a
thickness of between 1 mm and 4 mm, in particular a thickness of
between 1.5 mm and 3 mm, in particular a thickness of 2 mm.
[0234] The first plate 506 and the second plate 507 are connected
to one another in a materially integral manner via the angular
region 503 of the first plate 506 by means of a margin 508 of the
second plate 507, such as, for example, by means of at least one
weld seam 504 by means of welding, in particular laser welding, or
by soldering by means of a soldering seam or by adhesive bonding by
means of an adhesive seam, etc. The first plate 506 and the second
plate 507 may also be connected to one another with a form fit by
folding, flanging, crimping, etc. solely or in addition to the
materially integral connection.
[0235] In a further embodiment of the invention, before the final
materially integral and/or form-fit connection, as described in the
previous section, the first plate 506 and the second plate 507 are
connected or pre-assembled nonpositively, so that the first plate
506 is braced with the second plate 507 via the angularly designed
region 503.
[0236] Thus, in a further processing step, the tubes 79, 201, in
particular the flat tubes, are then connected to the second plate
507 of the bottom 500 in a materially integral manner, for example
by welding, such as laser welding, and the second plate 507 is
subsequently or previously or simultaneously connected to the first
plate 506. Thus, work time, such as rechucking time, can be saved,
and the production costs can be lowered particularly
advantageously.
[0237] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the first
plate 506 and the second plate 507 are produced in one piece.
[0238] The first plate 506 is stamped out or sawn out or pressed
out or is produced by means of a severing manufacturing method,
such as sawing, cutting, such as, for example, laser beam cutting
or water jet cutting. The contour of the first plate may also be
produced in the same way. In a further manufacturing step, the
first embossing 502 and/or the at least second embossing 505 and/or
the angularly designed region are produced by means of a forming
manufacturing method, such as pressing, stamping, etc.
[0239] The following sections may relate to one of the FIGS. 1 to
12 described above:
[0240] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, one to
three frame elements 2, 44, 47, 50, 122, 123 or more than three
frame elements 2, 44, 47, 50, 122, 123 are used.
[0241] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the
housing flange portion 36, 56, 66, 78, 114, 115 has at least one
groove, into which the expansion element is formed as a sealing
element, such as, for example, as an O-ring, etc. and can be
introduced or is introduced into the groove.
[0242] In another exemplary embodiment, not illustrated, the
expansion element 24, 30, 40, 43, 60, 65, 70, 74, 77, 80, 81 is
produced from plastic, such as, for example, from an elastomer or
from rubber, or from metal, such as, for example, from high-grade
steel or aluminum, or from a composite fiber material which, for
example, has metal and plastic.
[0243] In an exemplary embodiment, the bottom of the heat exchanger
has the same bottom thickness d everywhere. This assumes
essentially values of 0.5 mm<d<7.0 mm, in particular values
of between 0.5 mm<d<4 mm, in particular values of between 0.5
mm and 3.0 mm, in particular values of between 0.5 mm<d<2.5
mm, in particular values of between 1 mm<d<2.5 mm, in
particular values of between 1.5 mm<d<2.0 mm, in particular
values of between 1.6 mm<d<1.9 mm, in particular values of
between 1.65 mm<d<1.85 mm.
[0244] In another exemplary embodiment, the bottom of the heat
exchanger has a different bottom thickness d in the different
regions. [0245] In particular, the bottom thickness d is designed
to be thinner in the marginal regions, in particular in the frame
portions or the outer frame portions than in the inner portion of
the bottom, in particular in the center portion of the bottom in
which the tubes are received.
[0246] The bottom thickness d assumes essentially values of 0.5
mm<d<7.0 mm, in particular values of between 0.5 mm<d<4
mm, in particular values of between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm, in
particular values of between 0.5 mm<d<2.5 mm, in particular
values of between 1 mm<d<2.5 mm, in particular values of
between 1.5 mm<d<2.0 mm, in particular values of between 1.6
mm<d<1.9 mm, in particular values of between 1.65
mm<d<1.85 mm.
[0247] The features of the various exemplary embodiments can be
combined with one another as desired. The invention can also be
used for fields other than those shown.
* * * * *