U.S. patent application number 12/502833 was filed with the patent office on 2011-01-20 for modular reaming system for femoral revision.
This patent application is currently assigned to Biomet Manufacturing Corp.. Invention is credited to Eric J. Fontenot, Aaron P. Smith.
Application Number | 20110015634 12/502833 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43465806 |
Filed Date | 2011-01-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20110015634 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Smith; Aaron P. ; et
al. |
January 20, 2011 |
Modular Reaming System for Femoral Revision
Abstract
A modular reaming system for reaming a plurality of pockets in
an anatomical feature extends along a longitudinal axis. The system
includes a first reamer in a first position on the longitudinal
axis, and the first reamer reams a first pocket in the anatomical
feature. The system further includes a second reamer that is
removably coupled to the first reamer in a second position on the
longitudinal axis. The second reamer reams a second pocket in the
anatomical feature. The second reamer is keyed against rotation
relative to the first reamer to ream the first and second pockets
substantially simultaneously.
Inventors: |
Smith; Aaron P.; (Warsaw,
IN) ; Fontenot; Eric J.; (Warsaw, IN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
HARNESS, DICKEY & PIERCE, P.L.C.
P.O. BOX 828
BLOOMFIELD HILLS
MI
48303
US
|
Assignee: |
Biomet Manufacturing Corp.
Warsaw
IN
|
Family ID: |
43465806 |
Appl. No.: |
12/502833 |
Filed: |
July 14, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/80 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 17/164 20130101;
A61B 17/1668 20130101; A61B 17/1617 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
606/80 |
International
Class: |
A61B 17/00 20060101
A61B017/00 |
Claims
1. A modular reaming system for reaming a plurality of pockets in
an anatomical feature, the modular reaming system extending along a
longitudinal axis, the modular reaming system comprising: a first
reamer in a first position on the longitudinal axis, the first
reamer reaming a first pocket in the anatomical feature; a second
reamer that is removably coupled to the first reamer in a second
position on the longitudinal axis, the second reamer reaming a
second pocket in the anatomical feature, the second reamer keyed
against rotation relative to the first reamer to ream the first and
second pockets substantially simultaneously.
2. The modular reaming system of claim 1, further comprising a
shaft that is fixedly coupled to the first reamer, the shaft being
received by the second reamer to removably couple the second reamer
to the first reamer.
3. The modular reaming system of claim 2, wherein the shaft
includes a shoulder that limits movement of the second reamer along
the longitudinal axis.
4. The modular reaming system of claim 2, wherein the first reamer
has a maximum width that is less than a maximum width of the second
reamer, wherein the first reamer is disposed at a distal end of the
shaft, and wherein the second reamer is disposed between the distal
end and a proximal end of the shaft.
5. The modular reaming system of claim 2, wherein the shaft
includes at least one biased detent button that is removably
received by an aperture of the second reamer, the biased detent
button removably fixing the second reamer in the second
position.
6. The modular reaming system of claim 1, further comprising a
spacer that is disposed between the first reamer and the second
reamer and that maintains an amount of space between the first and
second reamers.
7. The modular reaming system of claim 1, further comprising a
third reamer that is disposed between the first reamer and the
second reamer at a third position on the longitudinal axis, the
third reamer reaming a third pocket, the third reamer keyed against
rotation relative to the first reamer to ream the first, second,
and third pockets substantially simultaneously.
8. The modular reaming system of claim 1, further comprising a
first surface that is fixed relative to the first reamer and a
corresponding second surface that is fixed relative to the second
reamer, the second surface mating with the first surface to key the
second reamer against rotation relative to the first reamer.
9. The modular reaming system of claim 8, wherein the first and
second surfaces are flat.
10. The modular reaming system of claim 1, further comprising a
drive coupler that is coupled to the first and second reamers to
drivingly rotate the first and second reamers in a same direction
about the longitudinal axis to ream the first and second pockets
substantially simultaneously while rotating in the same
direction.
11. The modular reaming system of claim 10, further comprising a
first drive coupler that is fixedly coupled to the first reamer and
a second drive coupler that is fixedly coupled to the second
reamer, the second reamer receiving the first drive coupler.
12. The modular reaming system of claim 1, wherein the first reamer
is fluted in a first direction about the longitudinal axis, and the
second reamer is fluted in the first direction about the
longitudinal axis to ream the first and second pockets
substantially simultaneously.
13. The modular reaming system of claim 1, further comprising a
retention member that limits movement of the second reamer axially
away from the first reamer along the longitudinal axis.
14. The modular reaming system of claim 1, further comprising a
first shaft fixed to an end of the first reamer and a second shaft
fixed to an end of the second reamer, the second shaft and the
second reamer receiving the first shaft to removably couple the
first and second reamers.
15. The modular reaming system of claim 1, wherein the first reamer
performs distal reaming in a femur of a patient, and wherein the
second reamer simultaneously performs proximal reaming in the femur
of the patient.
16. A modular reaming system comprising: a first drive coupler; a
second drive coupler; a first reamer driven in rotation by the
first drive coupler; and a second reamer driven in rotation by the
second drive coupler or driven in rotation by the first drive
coupler.
17. The modular reaming system of claim 16, wherein the first and
second reamers are keyed against rotation relative to each
other.
18. The modular reaming system of claim 16, further comprising a
shaft, the first reamer fixed to a distal end of the shaft, the
first drive coupler fixed to a proximal end of the shaft, the
second reamer receiving the shaft to couple to the shaft.
19. The modular reaming system of claim 18, wherein the second
reamer slideably receives the shaft.
20. The modular reaming system of claim 16, further comprising a
first shaft and a second shaft, the first shaft including the first
reamer on a distal end of the first shaft and the first drive
coupler on a proximal end of the first shaft, the second shaft
including the second reamer on a distal end of the second shaft and
the second drive coupler on a proximal end of the second shaft, the
first reamer and the first shaft receiving the second drive coupler
and the second shaft.
21. The modular reaming system of claim 16, wherein one of the
first and second reamers performs distal reaming in a femur of a
patient, and the other of the first and second reamers performs
proximal reaming in the femur of the patient.
22. The modular reaming system of claim 16, further comprising an
extension member that is removably coupled to the second reamer,
the extension member including a third drive coupler.
23. A method of reaming a femur comprising: removably coupling a
proximal reamer to a shaft fixed to a distal reamer and retaining
the proximal reamer against rotation relative to the distal reamer;
rotating the shaft in a single direction to substantially
simultaneously ream a proximal pocket in the femur with the
proximal reamer and a distal pocket in the femur with the distal
reamer.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein removably coupling the proximal
reamer to the shaft comprises sliding the proximal reamer onto the
shaft toward the distal reamer.
25. The method of claim 24, further comprising retaining the
proximal reamer in a fixed axial position on the shaft.
26. The method of claim 23, further comprising visually indicating
a depth of the proximal and distal reamers in the femur.
27. The method of claim 23, further comprising removably coupling
an intermediate reamer to the shaft between the proximal and distal
reamers and rotating the shaft in the single direction to
substantially simultaneously ream the proximal pocket with the
proximal reamer, the distal pocket with the distal reamer, and an
intermediate pocket with the intermediate reamer.
28. A reaming system that reams a femur for implantation of a
femoral component of a prosthetic joint, the reaming system
comprising: a distal member extending along a longitudinal axis,
the distal member including a first shaft, a distal reamer, and a
first drive coupler, the distal reamer and the first drive coupler
fixed to opposite ends of the first shaft, the distal reamer
reaming a distal pocket in the femur, the first shaft including a
first flat surface; a proximal member including a second shaft, a
proximal reamer, and a second drive coupler, the proximal reamer
and the second drive coupler fixed to opposite ends of the second
shaft, the proximal reamer reaming a proximal pocket in the femur,
the second shaft including a second flat surface, the proximal
member removably receiving the first drive coupler and the first
shaft to removably couple the proximal and distal members, the
distal reamer extending out of the proximal member, the first flat
surface mating with the second flat surface to couple the distal
member and the proximal member against rotation relative to each
other to ream the first and second pockets substantially
simultaneously; and a retention member that limits movement of the
proximal member axially relative to the distal member.
29. A modular reaming system for reaming a plurality of pockets in
an anatomical feature, the modular reaming system including a
longitudinal axis, the modular reaming system comprising: a first
reamer in a first position on the longitudinal axis, the first
reamer reaming a first pocket in the anatomical feature; a second
reamer that is removably coupled to the first reamer in a second
position on the longitudinal axis, the second reamer reaming a
second pocket in the anatomical feature; and a means for coupling
the second reamer against rotation relative to the first reamer to
ream the first and second pockets substantially simultaneously.
30. A modular reaming system for reaming a plurality of pockets in
an anatomical feature, the modular reaming system including a
longitudinal axis, the modular reaming system comprising: a first
member with a first reamer that reams a first pocket in the
anatomical feature, the first member including a first surface; a
second member with a second reamer that reams a second pocket in
the anatomical feature, the second reamer being removably coupled
to the first member, the second member including a second surface
that is complementary to the first surface so that rotation of one
of the first and second members about the longitudinal axis causes
rotation of the other of the first and second members for
substantially simultaneous formation of the first and second
pockets.
31. The modular reaming system of claim 30, wherein the first
surface is flat, and the second surface is flat.
32. The modular reaming system of claim 30, wherein the first
member includes a shaft, wherein the first reamer is fixed to the
shaft, and wherein the second member axially receives the shaft to
removably couple the first and second members.
33. The modular reaming system of claim 32, wherein the first
member slidably receives the shaft to removably couple the first
and second members.
34. The modular reaming system of claim 30, wherein the first
member includes a first shaft, wherein the first reamer is fixed to
a distal end of the first shaft, wherein a first drive coupler is
fixed to a proximal end of the first shaft, wherein the second
member includes a second shaft, wherein the second reamer is fixed
to a distal end of the second shaft, wherein a second drive coupler
is fixed to a proximal end of the second shaft, and wherein the
second reamer receives the first drive coupler and the first shaft
to removably couple the first and second members.
Description
FIELD
[0001] The following relates to a reaming tool and, more
specifically, relates to a modular reaming system for a femoral
revision procedure.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background
information related to the present disclosure and may not
constitute prior art.
[0003] Prosthetic joints can reduce pain due to arthritis,
deterioration, deformation, and the like. Prosthetic hip joints
often include a femoral component that is fixed to the patient's
femur and an acetabular cup that is fixed within the patient's
pelvis. More specifically, the femoral component can include a stem
that extends into the patient's resected femur and a rounded head
that is received within the acetabular cup. The head can articulate
within the cup so as to moveably couple the femoral component
within the acetabular cup.
[0004] Typically, a superior portion of the femur is partially
reamed to create a reamed opening that receives the femoral
component of the prosthetic hip joint. In some cases, multiple
reamers of varying widths are used at different portions of the
femur such that the resultant reamed opening varies in width and to
match the geometry of the femoral component of the prosthetic
joint. As such, the reaming process ensures that the femoral
component properly fits within and fixes to the femur.
[0005] Although reaming systems have been adequate for their
intended purposes, these systems can be improved. For instance,
reaming processes can be time consuming and inconvenient,
especially if multiple reamers are needed for reaming different
portions of the femur.
SUMMARY
[0006] A modular reaming system is disclosed for reaming a
plurality of pockets in an anatomical feature. The system extends
along a longitudinal axis. The system also includes a first reamer
in a first position on the longitudinal axis, and the first reamer
reams a first pocket in the anatomical feature. The system further
includes a second reamer that is removably coupled to the first
reamer in a second position on the longitudinal axis. The second
reamer reams a second pocket in the anatomical feature. The second
reamer is keyed against rotation relative to the first reamer to
ream the first and second pockets substantially simultaneously.
[0007] In another aspect, a modular reaming system is disclosed
that includes a first drive coupler, a second drive coupler, and a
first reamer driven in rotation by the first drive coupler. The
system also includes a second reamer driven in rotation by the
second drive coupler or driven in rotation by the first drive
coupler.
[0008] In addition, a method of reaming a femur is disclosed that
includes removably coupling a proximal reamer to a shaft fixed to a
distal reamer. The method further includes retaining the proximal
reamer against rotation relative to the distal reamer. Also, the
method includes rotating the shaft in a single direction to
substantially simultaneously ream a proximal pocket in the femur
with the proximal reamer and a distal pocket in the femur with the
distal reamer.
[0009] Moreover, a reaming system is disclosed that reams a femur
for implantation of a femoral component of a prosthetic joint. The
reaming system includes a distal member extending along a
longitudinal axis. The distal member includes a first shaft, a
distal reamer, and a first drive coupler. The distal reamer and the
first drive coupler are fixed to opposite ends of the first shaft.
The distal reamer reams a distal pocket in the femur, and the first
shaft includes a first flat surface. The system further includes a
proximal member including a second shaft, a proximal reamer, and a
second drive coupler. The proximal reamer and the second drive
coupler are fixed to opposite ends of the second shaft. The
proximal reamer reams a proximal pocket in the femur, and the
second shaft includes a second flat surface. The proximal member
removably receives the first drive coupler and the first shaft to
removably couple the proximal and distal members. The distal reamer
extends out of the proximal member, and the first flat surface
mates with the second flat surface to couple the distal member and
the proximal member against rotation relative to each other to ream
the first and second pockets substantially simultaneously.
Furthermore, the system includes a retention member that limits
movement of the proximal member axially relative to the distal
member.
[0010] In still another aspect, a modular reaming system for
reaming a plurality of pockets in an anatomical feature is
disclosed. The modular reaming system includes a longitudinal axis
and a first reamer in a first position on the longitudinal axis.
The first reamer reams a first pocket in the anatomical feature.
The system further includes a second reamer that is removably
coupled to the first reamer in a second position on the
longitudinal axis. The second reamer reams a second pocket in the
anatomical feature. Moreover, the system includes a means for
coupling the second reamer against rotation relative to the first
reamer to ream the first and second pockets substantially
simultaneously.
[0011] Still further, a modular reaming system for reaming a
plurality of pockets in an anatomical feature is disclosed. The
modular reaming system includes a longitudinal axis and a first
member with a first reamer that reams a first pocket in the
anatomical feature. The first member includes a first surface. The
system further includes a second member with a second reamer that
reams a second pocket in the anatomical feature. The second reamer
is removably coupled to the first member. The second member
includes a second surface that is complementary to the first
surface so that rotation of one of the first and second members
about the longitudinal axis causes rotation of the other of the
first and second members for substantially simultaneous formation
of the first and second pockets.
[0012] Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the
description provided herein. It should be understood that the
description and specific examples are intended for purposes of
illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the
present disclosure.
DRAWINGS
[0013] The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes
only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present
disclosure in any way.
[0014] FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an exemplary embodiment of a
reaming system according to various teachings of the present
disclosure;
[0015] FIG. 2 is an exploded isometric view of the reaming system
of FIG. 1 ;
[0016] FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the reaming system taken along
the line 3-3 of FIG. 1;
[0017] FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the reaming system of FIG. 1
in a different configuration;
[0018] FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the reaming system of FIG. 1
shown during a reaming procedure;
[0019] FIG. 6 is a side view of a reaming system according to
another exemplary embodiment;
[0020] FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the reaming system taken along
the line 7-7 of FIG. 6;
[0021] FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the reaming system taken along
the line 8-8 of FIG. 6;
[0022] FIG. 9 is a side view of a portion of the reaming system of
FIG. 6 shown during use;
[0023] FIG. 10 is a view of a modular reaming system or kit shown
in association with a corresponding modular prosthetic implant
system;
[0024] FIG. 11 is a perspective, exploded view of the reaming
system of FIG. 6;
[0025] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the reaming system of FIG.
6 shown with an extension member; and
[0026] FIG. 13 is an exploded isometric view of a reaming system
according to another exemplary embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and
is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or
uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings,
corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding
parts and features. Moreover, while the reaming system described
herein is described in relation to reaming an intramedullary (IM)
canal of a femur, the reaming system can be used in any other area
of a patient as well.
[0028] Referring initially to FIGS. 1 and 2, a reaming system 10 is
illustrated according to various exemplary embodiments of the
present disclosure. The reaming system 10 can include a shaft 12.
The shaft 12 can be elongate and can have a substantially straight
longitudinal axis X. Furthermore, the shaft 12 can have a rounded
portion 14 and a flat surface 16 as shown in the sectional view of
FIG. 3. More specifically, the shaft 12 can be partially circular
in cross section due to the rounded portion 14, and the flat
surface 16 can be included on a chord of the cross section. The
rounded portion 14 and the flat surface 16 can both extend along
the majority of the shaft 12 in a direction substantially parallel
to the longitudinal axis X. Also, the flat surface 16 can be
located on only a portion of the shaft 12.
[0029] The system 10 can also include a first reamer 18. The first
reamer 18 can be disposed at a first (distal) end 20 of the shaft
12. The first reamer 18 can be substantially cylindrical with a
pointed end and can be fluted so as to perform reaming operations,
for instance, in bone or other suitable materials. The first reamer
18 can be fluted in either the left-hand or right-hand direction
about the axis X. In some embodiments, the first reamer 18 is
integrally coupled to the shaft 12 so as to be monolithic; however,
the first reamer 18 can be removably coupled to the shaft 12 in
some embodiments. The shaft 12 can also include a shoulder 22
adjacent the first reamer 18. As shown, the shoulder 22 can be
generally wider than surrounding portions of the shaft 12.
[0030] The shaft 12 can also include a first drive coupler 24. The
first drive coupler 24 can be coupled to the shaft 12 at a second
(proximal) end 26 thereof. The drive coupler 24 can include any
suitable features for removably coupling the shaft 12 to a driving
device 28 (FIG. 5). The driving device 28 can be a motor powered by
electricity, pneumatics, hydraulics, etc. The driving device 28 can
also be powered by manual input. As such, the driving device 28 can
drivingly rotate the shaft 12 about the axis X.
[0031] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the system 10 can further include
one or more modular spacers 30. Each spacer 30 can be tubular in
shape and can have a width (i.e., diameter) substantially equal to
that of the first reamer 18. The spacer 30 can include grooves so
that, during reaming operation, materials removed by the first
reamer 18 can move along the axis X and pass the spacer 30. The
spacer 30 can also include an aperture 32, such as a through-hole
that extends therethrough. In the embodiment shown, the aperture 32
can slideably receive the second end 26 of the shaft 12 and can
slide generally parallel to the axis X on the shaft 12. As will be
described, the aperture 32 can be shaped so as to be keyed against
rotation about the axis X relative to the shaft 12. As the spacer
30 slides toward the first reamer 18, the spacer can eventually
abut the shoulder 22 of the shaft 12. As such, the shoulder 22 can
limit movement of the spacer 30 along the axis X in a direction
generally toward the first reamer 18. The system 10 can also
include a separate retention member, such as a biased detent pin or
other quick-connect coupling (not shown), that limits movement of
spacer 30 along the axis X in a direction generally away from the
first reamer 18. As will be described, the spacer 30 maintains the
first reamer 18 a predetermined distance away from other components
of the system 10, and this predetermined distance can be varied on
a patient-by-patient basis by interchanging the spacer 30 with
another.
[0032] Furthermore, the system 10 can additionally include a second
reamer 34. The second reamer 34 can be generally tubular in shape
and can be fluted in order to remove and reduce material during
reaming operations. The second reamer 34 can be fluted in either
the left-hand or right-hand direction about the axis X; however, it
will be appreciated that the second reamer 34 is fluted in the same
direction as the first reamer 18. Also, the second reamer 34 can
include an aperture 36, such as a through-hole, that extends
therethrough. The aperture 36 can include a rounded portion 40 and
a flat surface 38 as shown in FIG. 3. The aperture 36 can slideably
receive the shaft 12 in order to couple the second reamer 34 to the
shaft 12. More specifically, the flat surface 38 of the second
reamer 34 can mate with the flat surface 16 of the shaft 12, and
the rounded portion 40 of the second reamer 34 can mate with the
rounded portion 14 of the shaft 12 such that the second reamer 34
continuously extends about and surrounds the shaft 12 as shown in
FIG. 3. Accordingly, the second reamer 34 can be substantially
locked against rotation about the axis X (i.e., keyed to the shaft
12). However, it will be appreciated that the reaming system 10 can
include any suitable anti-rotation component for coupling the
second reamer 34 against rotation relative to the axis X of the
shaft 12. It will also be appreciated that the spacer 30 can be
similarly locked against rotation relative to the shaft 12.
[0033] The second reamer 34 can slide from the second end 26
generally parallel to the axis X toward the spacer 30 and the first
reamer 18. Also, the second reamer 34 can abut against the spacer
30 such that the spacer 30 limits movement of the second reamer 34
and maintains a predetermined amount of space between the first and
second reamers 18, 34. The system 10 can also include a separate
retention member, such as a biased detent pin or other
quick-connect coupling (not shown), that limits movement of spacer
30 along the axis X in a direction generally away from the first
reamer 18.
[0034] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the system 10 can be used
without the spacer 30 such that the second reamer 34 abuts directly
against the shoulder 22 when coupled to the shaft 12. Moreover, in
some embodiments, the system 10 can include a plurality of second
reamers 34 and/or a plurality of spacers 30, which are each coupled
to the shaft 12 at a respective location along the axis X.
[0035] As shown in FIG. 1, the first reamer 18 can have a maximum
width W.sub.1 (diameter) that is less than a maximum width W.sub.2
(diameter) of the second reamer 34. More specifically, the first
reamer 18 can be at least partially tapered and can have a maximum
width W.sub.1 adjacent the shoulder 22. Likewise, the second reamer
34 can include a tapered portion 42 and an axially straight portion
43. The second reamer 34 can have a maximum width W.sub.2 at the
intersection between the tapered portion 42 and the axially
straight portion 43. As will be discussed, the different widths
W.sub.1, W.sub.2 and lengths of the first and second reamers 18, 34
can be adapted such that the system 10 can ream pockets (e.g.,
bores) that substantially match the geometry of an associated
prosthetic device (FIG. 10) intended for implantation.
[0036] It will be appreciated that when the second reamer 34 is
coupled to the shaft 12, the second reamer 34 can be driven in
rotation about the axis X simultaneously with the first reamer 18.
More specifically, the first drive coupler 24 can be coupled to the
driving device 28 (FIG. 5), and the shaft 12 can be drivingly
rotated about the axis X. This, in turn, simultaneously rotates
both the first and second reamers 18, 34 in the same direction
about the axis X. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, the first reamer
18 can be used to create a reamed distal pocket 52 (i.e., distal
bore) in a femur 50 when the driving device 28 rotates the shaft
12. Also, because the second reamer 34 rotates with the first
reamer 18 and because the second reamer 34 is fluted in the same
direction as the first reamer 18, the second reamer 34 can
simultaneously create a reamed proximal pocket 54 (i.e., proximal
bore) that is in communication with the distal pocket 52 in the
femur 50. It will be appreciated that the distal and proximal
pockets 52, 54 can provide an intramedullary canal for a femoral
portion of a prosthetic device (FIG. 10). The distal and proximal
pockets 52, 54 can be concentric. The spacer 30 can maintain the
predetermined distance between the first and second reamers 18, 34
and, thus, ensure that the distal and proximal pockets 52, 54 are
at a predetermined distance away from each other. Accordingly, the
pockets 52, 54 can be created in a convenient, accurate, and
time-efficient manner.
[0037] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, the system 10 can be a
modular kit that includes a plurality of different first reamers
18, spacers 30, and second reamers 34. The reamers 18, 34 can vary
by length, width, fluting pattern, material or in any other
suitable fashion. Also, the spacers 30 can vary by length, width,
material, or in any other suitable fashion. Thus, the medical
professional can pick and choose from among the first reamers 18,
the spacers 30, and the second reamers 34 for performing a reaming
operation that substantially matches the geometry of the prosthetic
that will be implanted.
[0038] Once the distal and proximal pockets 52, 54 are formed, one
or more prosthetic members 53, 55 (FIG. 10) can be implanted within
the femur 50. For instance, in some embodiments, a distal
prosthetic member 53 can be implanted within the distal pocket 52,
and a proximal prosthetic member 55 can engage the distal
prosthetic member 53 and be implanted within the proximal pocket
54.
[0039] As shown in FIG. 10, the prosthetic members 53, 55 can be
part of modular prosthetic system 57. The system 57 can include a
plurality of distal prosthetic members 53 (i.e., stems), each
having different geometries (e.g., different lengths, widths,
etc.). The system 57 can further include a plurality of proximal
prosthetic members 55 (i.e., bodies), each having different
geometries (e.g., different lengths, widths, etc.). Each distal
prosthetic member 53 can engage and fix to each of the proximal
prosthetic members 55, for instance, by a Morse taper-type
coupling. Thus, the surgeon can select and customize a distal
prosthetic member 53 and a proximal prosthetic member 55 on a
patient-by-patient basis. For instance, the system 57 can
incorporate components from the commercially available ARCOS
system, available from Biomet, Inc. of Warsaw, Ind.
[0040] Also, as shown in FIG. 10, the reaming system 10 can be
directly associated geometrically with the modular prosthetic
system 57. For instance, the system 10 can include a plurality of
first reamers 18 of different geometries (e.g., different lengths,
widths, etc.), and each first reamer 18 can have a geometry that
substantially matches one of the distal prosthetic members 53.
Likewise, the system 10 can include a plurality of second reamers
34 of different geometries, and each second reamer 34 can have a
geometry that substantially matches one of the proximal prosthetic
members 55. Furthermore, the system 10 can include a plurality of
spacers 30 of different lengths, each corresponding to the
assembled distance between the distal and proximal prosthetic
members 53, 55. Thus, once the surgeon has selected the distal and
proximal prosthetic members 53, 55 that will be implanted, the
surgeon can use the corresponding first reamer 18, spacer 30, and
second reamer 34 to ream the femur 50. Because the first reamer 18,
spacer 30, and second reamer 34 match the prosthetic members 53, 55
geometrically, and because the first reamer 18, spacer 30, and
second reamer 34 are engaged together during reaming, the reamed
pockets 52, 54 (FIG. 5) can be very accurately formed
simultaneously. As such, the system 10 ensures that the prosthetic
members 53, 55 can fit securely within the femur 50.
[0041] Also, as shown in FIG. 4, the second reamer 34 can be
alternatively and removably coupled to a second drive coupler 44.
For instance, the second reamer 34 can be removably coupled to the
second drive coupler 44 via a biased detent pin (not shown) or in
any other suitable fashion. Also, the second drive coupler 44 can
be included on a shaft that slidably receives the second reamer 34.
Accordingly, the second reamer 34 can be drivingly coupled to the
driving device 28 separate from the first reamer 18 when necessary.
For instance, if the distal prosthetic member 53 (FIG. 10) is
already inserted into the distal pocket 52 (FIG. 5), and the
proximal pocket 54 needs to be widened, the second reamer 34 can be
coupled to the second drive coupler 44 and drivingly attached to
the driving device 28 to widen the proximal pocket 54. In some
embodiments, the aperture 36 of the second reamer 34 can be wide
enough such that the second reamer 34 can fit partially over and
rotate relative to the distal prosthetic member 53 in order to ream
out the proximal pocket 54. Thus, the surgeon conveniently has the
option to create the pockets 52, 54 simultaneously or in separate
steps.
[0042] Accordingly, the system 10 allows the medical professional
to ream pockets 52, 54 within a femur 50 or other anatomical
feature of a patient with a single modular system in one step. It
will be appreciated that the reamers 18, 34 can be arranged on the
shaft 12 to match the geometry of modular prosthetic members 53,
55. The reamers 18, 34 can also be used separately to ream the
pockets 52, 54 in separate steps. Accordingly, the system 10 can be
very convenient and time-efficient for the medical professional
when reaming the femur 50 or other suitable anatomical feature.
Also, the system 10 can be varied according to the patient's
anatomy, according to the prosthetic members 53, 55, and the like
for added convenience. Moreover, the system 10 can ream the pockets
52, 54 very accurately so that the prosthesis is more likely to
properly fit within the femur 50.
[0043] Referring now to FIGS. 6, 7, 8, and 11 another exemplary
embodiment of the system 110 is illustrated. Components that
correspond to those of FIGS. 1-5 are indicated by corresponding
reference numerals, increased by 100.
[0044] As shown, the system 110 can include a first member 160 and
a second member 162. The first member 160 can include a first shaft
112 (FIG. 7) with a first reamer 118 (e.g., a distal reamer) and a
first drive coupler 124 (FIG. 7) fixed at opposite ends. The second
member 162 can also include a second shaft 164 with a second reamer
134 (e.g., a proximal reamer) and a second drive coupler 144 fixed
at opposite ends.
[0045] The first reamer 118 can be elongate and fluted. As shown in
FIGS. 6, 7, and 11, the first reamer 11 8 can have a slight taper
such that the width (i.e., diameter) increases along the axis X
toward the first shaft 112. Moreover, the first reamer 118 can
include a shoulder 137.
[0046] The first shaft 112 can be elongate and can include a first
portion 139 and a second portion 141. The first and second portions
139,141 can be substantially cylindrical, and the second portion
141 can be wider (i.e., can have a larger diameter) than the first
portion 139. The second portion 141 can be disposed between the
first reamer 118 and the first portion 139 of the shaft 112.
[0047] Also, the second reamer 134 can be elongate and fluted and
can be tapered. The second reamer 134 can also include a leading
end 135 that is beveled so as to improve reaming operations.
[0048] In some embodiments, the second member 162 can include depth
indicators 192 (FIGS. 6 and 11). Likewise, the first member 112 can
include depth indicators 193 (FIG. 11). The depth indicators 192,
193 can be of any suitable type, such as inscribed gradations with
numbers. The depth indicators 192, 193 can be used to visually
indicate the depth of the respective member 112, 162 as the member
112,162 performs reaming operations.
[0049] The first member 160 can be removably coupled to the second
member 162. For instance, the second member 162 can be hollow so as
to slidably receive the first drive coupler 124 and the first shaft
112, and such that the first and second members 160, 162 are
coaxial as shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 7, the first member
160 substantially fills and mates with the second member 162. When
coupled, the first reamer 118 extends out from the second member
162 and is disposed at a distance axially away from the second
reamer 134. Also, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the leading end 135 of
the second reamer 134 can be disposed directly adjacent the
shoulder 137 of the first reamer 118 when the first and second
members 160, 162 are coupled. The leading end 135 of the second
reamer 134 can additionally include teeth 147 (FIGS. 6 and 11) that
increase the cutting ability of the second reamer 134.
[0050] Also, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 11, the first shaft 112 can
include a plurality of first flat surfaces 116, and as shown in
FIG. 8, the second shaft 164 can include a plurality of second flat
surfaces 138. For instance, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 11, the first
shaft 112 can include two first flat surfaces 116 that are disposed
symmetrically on opposite sides of the axis X, between the first
and second portions 139, 141 of the first shaft 112. The second
shaft 164 can include two corresponding second flat surfaces 138
that are disposed symmetrically on opposite sides of the axis X.
The flat surfaces 116, 138 can abuttingly mate to couple the first
and second members 160,162 against rotation about the axis X
relative to each other.
[0051] Moreover, the first shaft 112 can additionally include a
shoulder 122 (FIGS. 7 and 11). The shoulder 122 can be included
between the first and second portions 139,141 of the first shaft
112. As shown in FIG. 7, the second member 162 can abut against the
shoulder 122 to limit movement of the second reamer 134 axially
toward the first reamer 118.
[0052] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the second member 162 can
include a retention member 166 (FIG. 7) that limits movement of the
second reamer 134 away from the first reamer 118. The retention
member 166 can be a quick-connect coupling of a known type. More
specifically, the retention member 166 can be operably supported on
the second member 162, and the retention member 166 can include a
sleeve 168, a biasing member 170, and a bearing 172 (FIG. 7). The
sleeve 168 can be ring-shaped and can be slidably received on the
second shaft 164 to slide axially on the second shaft 164. The
biasing member 170 can be of any suitable type, such as a coiled
spring and can be received on the second shaft 164. The bearing 172
can be of any suitable type, such as a plurality of ball bearings
that are spaced evenly around the second shaft 164 and that are
biased radially outward from the axis X. The biasing member 170 can
bias the sleeve 168 toward the second drive coupler 144. Also, the
sleeve 168 can include a ramp 174.
[0053] As the sleeve 168 moves away from the second reamer 134, the
ramp 174 cams the bearing 172 toward the axis X and into a groove
180 formed on the first shaft 11 2 of the first member 160. As
such, the first member 160 is limited against movement in a
direction parallel to the axis X relative to the second member 162.
Furthermore, as the sleeve 168 moves toward the second reamer 134,
the bearing 172 is able to bias away from the axis X and out of the
groove 180, thereby releasing the first member 160 from the second
member 162.
[0054] Accordingly, the retention member 166 conveniently couples
and de-couples the first and second members 160, 162. It will be
appreciated that the retention member 166 can be used to limit
movement of the second member 162 in both axial directions relative
to the first member 160.
[0055] Thus, the first and second members 160, 162 can be axially
and rotatably fixed, and the system 110 can be used to
simultaneously ream a plurality of regions of a femur 50, similar
to the embodiment of FIG. 5. It will be appreciated that a spacer
30 of the type shown in FIGS. 1-5 can be included between the first
and second reamers 118, 134 to maintain a predetermined axial
distance between the first and second reamers 118,134.
[0056] Also, the first and second members 160,162 can be used
separately to individually ream corresponding portions of the femur
50 as discussed above. For instance, the first member 160 can be
used separate from the second member 162 to perform distal reaming
of a femur. Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the second member 162 can be
used after a distal prosthetic member 153 has been implanted in the
femur 150. More specifically, an alignment rod 189 can be removably
coupled to the distal prosthetic member 153, and the second member
162 can slide over and receive the alignment rod 189. The alignment
rod 189 ensures that the second member 162 is aligned substantially
coaxially relative to the distal prosthetic member 153; however,
the second member 162 remains free to move axially and rotate about
the axis X relative to the alignment rod 189. Then, the second
member 162 can be used to proximally ream the femur 150 and create
space for implantation of the proximal prosthetic member (not
shown).
[0057] Also, the second member 162 can include an opening 194, and
the alignment rod 189 can include a visual indicator 196 that
appears within the opening 194 when the second member 162 is at a
predetermined depth within the femur 150. Accordingly, the second
member 162 can ream the femur 150 very accurately, even when
separate from the first member 160.
[0058] In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the system 110 can include
an extension member 184. The extension member 184 can be used for
reaming with the first member 160 separate from the second member
162. The extension member 184 can be elongate and axially straight.
The extension member 184 can include a shaft 185 with a third drive
coupler 186 and a retention member 187 on opposite ends. The
retention member 187 can be of a quick-connect type, similar to the
retention member 166 described above and shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and
11. The shaft 185 can also include depth indicators 188, such as
inscribed gradations with numbers.
[0059] As shown in FIG. 12, the retention member 187 can couple to
the first member 160 in a manner similar to the retention member
166 described above. Also, the third drive coupler 186 can couple
to a driving device 28 of the type described above and shown
schematically in FIG. 5. Thus, the extension member 184 can be
removably coupled to the first member to effectively extend the
reach of the first member 160 during distal reaming. As such, the
first member 160 can be used to ream relatively deeply within the
femur 150.
[0060] It will be appreciated that the system 110 can include a
plurality of extension members 184 of different axial lengths. As
such, the surgeon can select an extension member 184 to perform
distal reaming to a predetermined depth, corresponding to the
length of the selected extension member 184.
[0061] Now referring to FIG. 13, another exemplary embodiment of
the system 210 is illustrated. Components that correspond to those
of FIGS. 1-5 are indicated by corresponding reference numerals,
increased by 200.
[0062] The system 210 can include a shaft 212 having a first reamer
218 fixed at one end and a drive coupler 224 fixed at an opposite
end. The shaft 212 can be substantially similar to the shaft 12 of
the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, except the shaft 212 can include
at least one detent button 219a, 219b. In some embodiments, the
shaft 212 can include a plurality of detent buttons 219a, 219b that
are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis X. It will be
appreciated that the detent buttons 219a, 219b can be moveable and
biased away from the axis X. It will also be appreciated that the
shaft 212 can include quick-connect couplings other than the detent
buttons 219a, 219b without departing from the scope of the present
disclosure.
[0063] The system 210 can also include a second reamer 234. The
second reamer 234 can be substantially similar to the second reamer
34 of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, except the second reamer
234 can include an aperture 221. The aperture 221 can receive one
of the detent buttons 219a, 219b when positioned on the shaft 212
to fix the second reamer 234 in a longitudinal position on the
shaft 212 as will be discussed in greater detail below. The second
reamer 234 can also include a recess 223 that surrounds the
aperture 221 that provides a comfortable surface for the user to
depress the detent button 219a, 219b to remove the second reamer
234 from the shaft 212 as will be discussed in greater detail
below.
[0064] Furthermore, the system 210 can include a third reamer 245.
The third reamer 245 can be tapered so as to have a distal width W3
that is substantially equal to the proximal width W1 of the first
reamer 218 and to have a proximal width W4 that is substantially
equal to the distal width W5 of the second reamer 234. The third
reamer 245 can also include an aperture 240, such as a through
hole, that receives the shaft 212. Furthermore, a shaft portion 251
can be fixed on a proximal end of the third reamer 245. The shaft
portion 251 can be keyed to the shaft 212 like the embodiments
discussed above to inhibit relative rotation of the shaft 212 and
third reamer 245. Furthermore, the third reamer 245 can be fluted
in the same direction as the first and second reamers 212, 234.
[0065] To assemble the system 210, the third reamer 245 can slide
longitudinally along the axis X from the proximal end 226 of the
shaft 212 toward the first reamer 218. Then, the second reamer 234
can slide longitudinally along the axis X from the proximal end 226
of the shaft 212 toward the first reamer 218 such that the third
reamer 245 is disposed between the first and second reamers 218,
234. The aperture 221 of the second reamer 234 can receive one of
the detent buttons 219a, 219b to fix the second reamer 234 in an
axial position on the shaft 212. The first and second reamer 212,
234 can each abut the third reamer 245 and fix the third reamer 245
in an axial position on the shaft 212 as well. Furthermore, in some
embodiments, the third reamer 245 can include an aperture for
receiving one of the detent buttons 219a, 219b to fix the third
reamer 245 axially.
[0066] Then, the first, second, and third reamers 212, 234, 245 can
be used to simultaneously form respective pockets within the
anatomy of the patient. Like the embodiments discussed above, it
will be appreciated that the reamers 212, 234, 245 can be sized
according to the prosthesis so that the prosthesis can fit into and
fixedly engage the anatomy. Next, to disassemble the system 210,
the user presses the detent button 219a, 219b toward the axis X,
and the user slides the second and third reamers 234, 245 away from
the first reamer 212.
[0067] Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the system 210 can
be assembled and disassembled quickly and conveniently. Also, it
will be appreciated that the third reamer 245 can be optionally
used. For instance, the second reamer 234 can be coupled to the
shaft 212 independent of the third reamer 245 and fixed in an axial
position relative to the shaft 212 by one of the detent buttons
219a, 219b. The detent buttons 219a, 219b can be positioned along
the axis X at predetermined intervals according to the geometry of
the prosthesis (not shown). Thus, the system 210 can provide
substantial versatility.
[0068] Moreover, the foregoing discussion discloses and describes
merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. One skilled
in the art will readily recognize from such discussion, and from
the accompanying drawings and claims, that various changes,
modifications and variations may be made therein without departing
from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined in the
following claims. For instance, the sequence of the blocks of the
method described herein can be changed without departing from the
scope of the present disclosure.
* * * * *