U.S. patent application number 12/810623 was filed with the patent office on 2011-01-06 for backlight unit for liquid crystal display device.
This patent application is currently assigned to SAMSUNG LED CO., LTD. Invention is credited to Hun-Joo Hahn, Dae-Hyun Kim, Dae-Yeon Kim, Hyung-Suk Kim.
Application Number | 20110001693 12/810623 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40798142 |
Filed Date | 2011-01-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20110001693 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kim; Dae-Hyun ; et
al. |
January 6, 2011 |
BACKLIGHT UNIT FOR LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE
Abstract
There is provided a backlight unit for an LCD device. The
backlight unit, disposed under a liquid crystal panel and emitting
light to a liquid crystal panel, includes a lightguide plate, a
light emitting diode (LED) array disposed at an edge of the
lightguide plate and including a plurality of LED blocks each
including at least one LED emitting white light, and a controller
controlling a current signal applied to each of the plurality of
LED blocks to regulate the luminance of each LED block.
Accordingly, the backlight unit can be provided, which is capable
of contributing to manufacturing thinner and larger products and
realizing effective local dimming by using an LED disposed at an
edge of the lightguide plate.
Inventors: |
Kim; Dae-Hyun; (Ulsan,
KR) ; Hahn; Hun-Joo; (Seongnam-si, KR) ; Kim;
Hyung-Suk; (Suwon-si, KR) ; Kim; Dae-Yeon;
(Suwon-si, KR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
SUGHRUE MION, PLLC
2100 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, N.W., SUITE 800
WASHINGTON
DC
20037
US
|
Assignee: |
SAMSUNG LED CO., LTD
Suwon-si,
KR
|
Family ID: |
40798142 |
Appl. No.: |
12/810623 |
Filed: |
December 29, 2008 |
PCT Filed: |
December 29, 2008 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/KR08/07749 |
371 Date: |
September 17, 2010 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
345/102 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B 6/0073 20130101;
G02F 1/133603 20130101; G02F 1/133615 20130101; G02B 6/0068
20130101; G02B 6/0078 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
345/102 |
International
Class: |
G09G 3/36 20060101
G09G003/36 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 27, 2007 |
KR |
10-2007-0139197 |
Dec 26, 2008 |
KR |
10-2008-0134732 |
Claims
1. A backlight unit for a liquid crystal display (LCD) device,
disposed under a liquid crystal panel and emitting light to a
liquid crystal panel, the backlight unit comprising; a lightguide
plate; an light emitting diode (LED) array disposed at an edge of
the lightguide plate and including a plurality of LED blocks each
including at least one LED emitting white light; and a controller
controlling a current signal applied to each of the plurality of
LED blocks to regulate the luminance of each LED block.
2. The backlight unit of claim 1, wherein the lightguide plate has
at least one separation structure controlling light propagation
therein.
3. The backlight unit of claim 2, wherein the separation structure
is disposed in at least one of vertical and horizontal directions
with respect to the lightguide plate.
4. The backlight unit of claim 2, wherein the separation structure
is at least one of an LED array structure and a reflective layer
mounted on a circuit board and inserted linearly between the
lightguide plates.
5. The backlight unit of claim 2, wherein the separation structure
is an uneven part formed at a boundary between regions divided by
the separation structure.
6. The backlight unit of claim 1, wherein the LED array comprises a
first LED array and a second LED array that are disposed at one
edge and the other edge perpendicular to the one edge of the
lightguide plate, respectively.
7. The backlight unit of claim 6, wherein light emitted from the
first LED overlaps light emitted from the second LED array in the
lightguide plate.
8. The backlight unit of claim 6, further comprising a third LED
array and a fourth LED array respectively facing the first LED
array and the second LED array with the lightguide plate
therebetween and having the same configurations as the first and
second LED arrays, respectively.
9. The backlight unit of claim 1, wherein the LED array comprises a
first LED array and a second LED array disposed at one edge and the
other edge facing the one edge of the lightguide plate,
respectively.
10. The backlight unit of claim 1, wherein the LED block comprises
a red LED, a green LED, and a blue LED.
11. The backlight unit of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises
an LED block driving a controller and a panel image signal
transmitter.
12. The backlight unit of claim 11, wherein the panel image signal
transmitter comprises a panel information transfer circuit and a
panel information combination circuit.
13. The backlight unit of claim 1, further comprising a reflective
plate disposed under the lightguide plate.
14. The backlight unit of claim 1, further comprising an optical
sheet disposed on the lightguide plate.
15. The backlight unit of claim 1, wherein the LED emits white
light by at least one fluorescent material.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a backlight unit for liquid
crystal display (LCD) devices, which employs a light emitting diode
(LED) and a lightguide plate, and more particularly, to a backlight
unit for LCD devices capable of performing local dimming in a
side-view type.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Liquid crystal display (LCD) devices are commonly used in
TVs, monitors and the like according to the recent tendency toward
thinner image display devices with higher performances. A liquid
crystal panel itself is unable to emit light. Therefore, the LCD
needs a backlight unit. A cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL),
which is cheap and easy to assemble, has been mainly used as a
light source of LCD backlight units.
[0003] However, in the backlight units employing CCFLs, it is
difficult to implement local driving such as local dimming or
impulsive driving, and they have limitations such as environmental
contamination by mercury and slow response times. To overcome such
limitations, a light emitting diode (LED), instead of a CCFL, is
proposed as the light source of the backlight unit.
[0004] The liquid crystal panel of an LCD device is divided into a
plurality of regions, and the luminance value of the light source
of the backlight unit can be regulated for each divided region
according to the gray level of each divided region. This type of
backlight unit driving is called local dimming. That is, in local
dimming, the LEDs in a region of the backlight unit corresponding
to a bright part of an image may be turned ON, while the LEDs
corresponding to the rest of the image may be turned ON with a low
luminance level or completely turned OFF. Impulsive driving is a
driving method of temporally synchronizing the backlight unit with
a liquid crystal panel. According to impulsive driving, a plurality
of light sources regions arranged on the backlight unit are
sequentially turned ON.
[0005] Backlight units are generally categorized into direct type
backlight units and edge type backlight units (i.e., a side-view
type). In the edge type backlight unit, a bar-shaped light source
is placed at an edge of a liquid crystal panel and emits light
toward the liquid crystal panel via a lightguide plate. In
contrast, in the direct type backlight unit, a planar light source
placed under the liquid crystal panel emits light directly to the
liquid crystal panel.
[0006] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a related art edge type
backlight unit employing LEDs. Referring to FIG. 1, a backlight
unit 10 includes a lightguide plate 11, LED light source parts 15
and 17 disposed at edges of the lightguide plate 11, and a
reflective plate 19 disposed under the lightguide plate 11. Each of
the LED light source parts 15 and 17 includes a printed circuit
board (PCB) 17 and a plurality of LEDs 15 arranged on the substrate
17. Light incident to the lightguide plate 11 from the LEDs 15 is
sent from the lightguide plate 11 to the liquid crystal panel
through total internal reflection, scattering and the like.
[0007] The edge type backlight unit 10 is suitable for a backlight
of a relatively small size of, e.g. 17 inches or less because it
may be manufactured with a relatively small thickness. However, the
edge type backlight unit 10, when applied to a midsize and large
LCD backlight light source of 40 to 70 inches or larger, does not
ensure sufficient luminance of the backlight and degrades luminance
uniformity. Also, the edge type backlight unit 10 is inadequate for
local driving such as local dimming, and for liquid crystal panels
having a relatively large area.
[0008] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a related art direct type
backlight unit employing LEDs. Referring to FIG. 2, a backlight
unit 20 includes a PCB 21, and a plurality of LEDs 23 arranged
thereon. A diffusion plate 25 for light scattering is disposed
between a liquid crystal panel (not shown) and the LEDs 23. The
LEDs 23 emit light directly to the liquid crystal panel. The direct
type backlight unit 20 may realize local driving such as local
dimming. For the realization of local dimming, the LEDs 23 may be
individually controlled to be turned ON/OFF, or the backlight unit
may be divided into predetermined regions (e.g., region A1, region
A2, and region A3) and LEDs may be driven by each region.
[0009] However, the individual driving of the LEDs 23 results in
limitations such as high power consumption, costs incurred by a
heat dissipation structure to cope with high temperatures, and the
complexity of their circuits. Driving by each area brings about a
difficulty in area segmentation, and a relatively small
local-dimming effect caused by the height H of the backlight unit.
Particularly, to ensure the uniformity of light, the direct type
backlight unit needs to have a sufficient thickness H corresponding
to the optical thickness. This makes it difficult to achieve
sliminess of the backlight unit and thus of the LCD device.
DISCLOSURE
Technical Problem
[0010] An aspect of the present invention provides a backlight unit
for an LCD device, which is contributive to manufacturing thinner
and larger products by being configured as an edge type, and can
perform local dimming effectively.
Technical Solution
[0011] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a backlight unit for a liquid crystal display (LCD)
device, disposed under a liquid crystal panel and emitting light to
a liquid crystal panel, the backlight unit including; a lightguide
plate; a light emitting diode (LED) array disposed at an edge of
the lightguide plate and including a plurality of LED blocks each
including at least one LED emitting white light; and a controller
controlling a current signal applied to each of the plurality of
LED blocks to regulate the luminance of each LED block.
[0012] The lightguide plate may have at least one separation
structure controlling light propagation therein.
[0013] The separation structure may be disposed in at least one of
vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the lightguide
plate.
[0014] The separation structure may be at least one of an LED array
structure and a reflective layer mounted on a circuit board and
inserted linearly between the lightguide plates.
[0015] The separation structure may be an uneven part formed at a
boundary between regions divided by the separation structure.
[0016] The LED array may include a first LED array and a second LED
array that are disposed at one edge and the other edge
perpendicular to the one edge of the lightguide plate,
respectively.
[0017] Light emitted from the first LED may overlap light emitted
from the second LED array in the lightguide plate.
[0018] The backlight unit may further include a third LED array and
a fourth LED array respectively facing the first LED array and the
second LED array with the lightguide plate therebetween and having
the same configurations as the first and second LED arrays,
respectively.
[0019] The LED array may include a first LED array and a second LED
array disposed at one edge and the other edge facing the one edge
of the lightguide plate, respectively.
[0020] The LED block may include a red LED, a green LED, and a blue
LED to be used as a light emitting unit for an LCD TV and the like.
Alternatively, the LED block may include a white LED using a blue
or UV LED and a fluorescent material.
[0021] The controller may include an LED block driving a controller
and a panel image signal transmitter.
[0022] The panel image signal transmitter may include a panel
information transfer circuit and a panel information combination
circuit.
[0023] The backlight unit may further include a reflective plate
disposed under the lightguide plate.
[0024] The backlight unit may further include an optical sheet
disposed on the lightguide plate.
[0025] The LED may emit white light by at least one fluorescent
material.
Advantageous Effects
[0026] As described above, according to the present invention, a
backlight unit for an LCD device can be provided that is
contributive to manufacturing thinner and larger products and can
perform effective local dimming by using LEDs disposed at an edge
of a lightguide plate.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0027] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a related art edge type
backlight unit.
[0028] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a related art direct
type backlight unit.
[0029] FIG. 3 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a backlight
unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
invention.
[0030] FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a lightguide plate and a light
emitting diode (LED) array of FIG. 3.
[0031] FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a lightguide plate and an LED
array according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG.
4.
[0032] FIG. 6 illustrates the backlight unit of FIG. 3 to explain
the principle of local dimming.
[0033] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a controller controlling the
luminance of each LED block in the backlight unit according to the
embodiment of FIG. 3.
[0034] FIG. 8 is a top plan view of a lightguide plate applicable
to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary embodiment for the
lightguide plate of FIG. 8.
[0036] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a portion of a backlight
unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
invention.
[0037] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the backlight unit of
FIG. 10.
[0038] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a backlight unit
according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG.
10.
[0039] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a fixing member of a
backlight unit according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment
of FIG. 10.
[0040] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a backlight unit according
to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0041] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the
backlight unit of FIG. 14.
[0042] FIGS. 16 through 19 are views illustrating a variety of
shapes of a receiving groove provided in a lightguide plate
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0043] FIG. 20 is a graph showing the luminance distribution
according to a distance between two spots on a lightguide plate
according to the present invention.
[0044] FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a backlight unit according
to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0045] FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I? of
FIG. 21.
[0046] FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a backlight unit
according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG.
21.
[0047] FIGS. 24 and 25 are cross sectional views of a fixing member
according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
[0048] FIG. 26 is a perspective view of an LCD device according to
an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0049] FIG. 27 is a plan view of a backlight unit of FIG. 26.
[0050] FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 26.
[0051] FIG. 29 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a
backlight unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
invention.
[0052] FIG. 30 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a
planar lightguide plate of FIG. 29.
[0053] FIG. 31 illustrates a white LED using a fluorescent material
according to the present invention.
[0054] FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of an LED package
according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG.
31.
[0055] FIG. 33 illustrates a V-shaped distortion structure formed
in an LED layer employed in the present invention, wherein (a) is a
cross-sectional view, (b) is a sectional photographic image, and
(c) is a plan photographic image.
[0056] (a) through (c) of FIG. 34 are schematic views illustrating
the process of forming an external lead frame of the LED package of
FIG. 32.
Best Mode
[0057] The present invention will now be described more fully with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary
embodiments of the invention are shown. The invention may, however,
be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as
being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these
embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough
and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to
those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the thicknesses of
layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Like reference
numerals in the drawings denote like elements, and thus their
description will be omitted.
[0058] FIG. 3 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a backlight
unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a lightguide plate and a light
emitting diode (LED) array of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a top plan view of
a lightguide plate and an LED array according to a modified
embodiment of the embodiment of FIG. 4.
[0059] Referring to FIG. 3, the backlight unit according to this
embodiment emits light toward a liquid crystal panel 150 disposed
above the backlight unit. The backlight unit includes a plurality
of LED arrays 110, a lightguide plate 120, a lower chassis 130, an
optical sheet 140, and controllers C1 and C2. In this case, the
controllers include an LED block driving controller C1 and a panel
image signal transmitter C2, and this will be described in more
detail with reference to FIG. 7.
[0060] The lower chassis 130 is commonly formed of a metallic
material for the purpose of heat dissipation or the like. The lower
chassis 130 accommodates therein other elements constituting the
backlight unit, such as a printed circuit board (PCB) where LED
chips are mounted, and the lightguide plate 120.
[0061] The light guide plate 120 is formed of a transparent
material to transmit light emitted from the LED array 110. In
general, the lightguide plate 120 may have a hexahedral shape
although it is not limited thereto. The lightguide plate 120 evenly
scatters light emitted from its edge, thereby maintaining the
uniformity of the luminance and colors of the liquid crystal panel
150. The lightguide plate 120 also guides incident light to travel
uniformly straight.
[0062] Although not essential in the present invention, an optical
sheet 140 may be provided on the lightguide plate 120. The optical
sheet 140 serves to improve luminance by including a diffusion
sheet or a prism sheet that is selectively stacked. Here, the
diffusion sheet serves to diffuse light emitted to the liquid
crystal panel 150 in multiple directions, and the prism sheet
serves to concentrate light within a front viewing angle.
[0063] If necessary, a reflective plate (not shown) may be
additionally disposed between the lightguide plate 120 and the
lower chassis 130.
[0064] The disposition of the lightguide plate 120 and the LED
arrays 110 according to this embodiment will now be described in
detail with reference to FIG. 4. The LED arrays 110, including a
plurality of LED blocks Bh and Bv, are disposed at the four edges
of the lightguide plate 120, respectively.
[0065] In this case, light emitted from LED arrays, which are
perpendicular to each other among the four LED array 110 disposed
at the respective edges of the lightguide plate 120, may overlap at
the lightguide plate 120. According to this embodiment, the LED
arrays 110, divided into LED blocks Bh and Bv, allow luminance
control within each LED block. Thus, the lightguide plate may be
understood as being virtually partitioned into regions
corresponding to the divided blocks as indicated by dotted
lines.
[0066] In more detail, each of the LED blocks Bh and By includes at
least one LED chip 111, and the luminance of each LED block
included in the LED array 110 may be controlled by a different
current injection signal. In the drawing of this embodiment the LED
block Bh disposed horizontally at the edge of the lightguide plate
120 includes three LEDs, and the LED block By disposed vertically
at another edge of the lightguide plate 120 includes two LEDs.
However, the number of LEDs in each block is not limited to the
illustration or description, and may be selected properly as
occasion demands.
[0067] The LED chip 111 in each of the LED blocks Bh and By may
emit white light for use as a light supply unit of an LCD TV or the
like. Thus, the LED chip 111 may be a white LED that can emit white
light in combination with a fluorescent material. Alternatively,
according to embodiments, each of the LED blocks Bh and By may
include a blue LED, a green LED and a red LED.
[0068] In this case, the white LED employing the fluorescent
material, as shown in FIG. 31, is formed by filling a cavity 117
with light-transmissive, transparent resin 116 containing a
fluorescent material to cover a blue LED chip or an ultraviolet
(UV) LED chip 111 and metal wires 114a and 114b for protection
against external environments. The light-transmissive, transparent
resin may be epoxy, silicon or resin, for example.
[0069] The LED chip 111 is bonded with one set of ends of the pair
of metal wires 114a and 114b. Lead frames 112 and 113 are bonded
with the other set of ends of the pair of metal wires 114a and
114b, respectively.
[0070] A package body 115 is a molded structure formed of a resin
through injection-molding to have a cavity 17 with an open top and
a closed bottom.
[0071] The cavity 117 includes an upper inclined surface inclined
at a predetermined angle. A reflective member 117a of a metallic
material having high reflectance properties, such as Al, Ag or Ni,
may be provided on the upper inclined surface to reflect light
generated from the LED chip 111.
[0072] The package body 115 is molded integrally with the pair of
lead frames 112 and 113 for the fixation thereof. A portion of a
top surface of an end of each of the lead frames 112 and 113 is
exposed to the outside through the bottom of the cavity 117.
[0073] The other end of each of the lead frames 112 and 113 is
exposed to an outer surface of the package body 115 to form a
connection with external power.
[0074] A recess 118 may be formed in one 112 of the pair of lead
frames 112 and 113, on which the LED chip 111 is mounted.
[0075] FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of an LED package
according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG.
31.
[0076] Referring to FIG. 32, an LED package, unlike the embodiment
of FIG. 31 including the recess 118, includes a groove 118a between
facing ends of the pair of lead frames 112 and 113. The groove 118a
is formed to a predetermined depth from a bottom surface of the
cavity 117 when the package body 115 is molded. Other elements are
identical to those of the embodiment of FIG. 31.
[0077] The light-transmissive, transparent resin 116 may include a
fluorescent material for wavelength conversion. The fluorescent
material may be one of YAG-based, TAG-based, silicate-based,
sulfide-based and nitride-based fluorescent materials that can
convert light generated from the LED chip into white light.
[0078] The YAG-based and TAG-based fluorescent materials may be
selected from (Y, Tb, Lu, Sc ,La, Gd, Sm).sub.3(Al, Ga, In, Si,
Fe).sub.5(O, S).sub.12: Ce, and the silicate-based fluorescent
material may be selected from (Sr, Ba, Ca, Mg).sub.2SiO.sub.4: (Eu,
F, Cl). The Sulfide-based fluorescent material may be selected from
(Ca,Sr)S: Eu and (Sr,Ca,Ba)(Al,Ga).sub.2S.sub.4: Eu. The
nitride-based fluorescent material may be selected from (Sr, Ca,
Si, Al, O)N: Eu (e.g., CaAlSiN.sub.4: Eu .beta.-SiAlON: Eu) and
Ca-.alpha. SiAlON: Eu-based fluorescent materials
(Ca.sub.x,M.sub.y)(Si,Al).sub.12(O,N).sub.16, where M denotes at
least one of europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), ytterbium (Yb) and erbium
(Er), and x and y meet the conditions of 0.05<(x+y)<0.3,
0.02<x<0.27 and 0.03<y<0.3.
[0079] White light may be obtained by using a yellow (Y)
fluorescent material or green (G) and red (R) fluorescent
materials, or Y, G and R fluorescent materials in a blue (B) LED
chip. The Y, G and R fluorescent materials are excited by the blue
LED chip to emit yellow light, green light and red light,
respectively. The yellow, green and red light is mixed with a
portion of blue light emitted from the blue LED chip, thereby
outputting white light.
[0080] The blue LED chip may employ a group-III-nitride
semiconductor that is in current use. A substrate of the
nitride-based semiconductor may be selected from the group
consisting of sapphire, spinel (MgAl204), SiC, Si, ZnO, GaAs, and
GaN substrates.
[0081] A buffer layer may be further provided on the substrate. The
buffer layer may be formed of one selected from the group
consisting of nitride semiconductor-based and carbide-based
materials.
[0082] An n-type nitride semiconductor layer is formed on the
buffer layer, and the n-type nitride semiconductor layer may
include an n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer and an n-type
superlattice layer. The n-type nitride semiconductor layer may
include an undoped GaN layer; an n-type GaN contact layer; an
n-type GaN layer on the n-type GaN contact layer; and an n-type
superlattice layer on the n-type GaN layer. The n-type superlattice
layer may have a multilayer structure of alternating layers of
GaN/InGaN-based materials, AlGaN/GaN-based materials or
AlGaN/GaN/InGaN-based materials. An n-type electrode may be further
provided on the n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer. A section of
the n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer may have a V-shaped
distortion structure. The V-shaped distortion structure includes
both a flat growth plane and an inclined growth plane.
[0083] FIG. 33 illustrates a V-shaped distortion structure formed
in an LED layer employed in the present invention, wherein (a) is a
cross-sectional view, (b) is a sectional photographic image, and
(c) is a plan photographic image.
[0084] An LED chip 111 is an n-type nitride semiconductor layer. An
active layer is formed on the n-type nitride semiconductor layer,
and the active layer has at least one quantum well layer. The
quantum well layer may be formed of InGaN or GaN. The active layer
may further include at least one quantum barrier layer. The quantum
barrier layer may be formed of InGaN, GaN or AlGaN. A band gap of
the quantum barrier layer is greater than that of the quantum well
layer.
[0085] A p-type nitride semiconductor layer is formed on the active
layer. The p-type nitride semiconductor layer includes a p-type
superlattice layer and a p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer. The
p-type superlattice layer may have a multilayer structure of
alternating layers of GaN/InGaN-based materials, AlGaN/GaN-based
materials or AlGaN/GaN/InGaN-based materials. The p-type nitride
semiconductor layer may include a p-type superlattice layer, a
p-type GaN layer on the p-type superlattice layer, and a p-type GaN
contact layer on the p-type GaN layer.
[0086] A transparent electrode and a bonding electrode may be
further provided on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer. The
transparent electrode may be an oxide conductive layer having the
property of light transmission.
[0087] The V-shaped distortion structure may be formed in
succession in at least one of the n-type semiconductor layer, the
active layer and the p-type semiconductor layer. The V-shaped
distortion structure may be formed around a threading dislocation,
increasing resistance in this area. Thus, current leakage caused by
a threading dislocation is prevented and damage by electrostatic
discharge (ESD) can be reduced. Besides, the V-shaped distortion
structure may serve to achieve luminance enhancement by forming an
uneven structure at a semiconductor surface. That is, the lattice
mismatch between the sapphire substrate and the GaN semiconductor
formed on the sapphire substrate causes a threading dislocation.
When static electricity is applied thereto, the threading
dislocation concentrates the current and thus results in current
leakage. For this reason, various studies have been conducted to
reduce the threading dislocation causing current leakage and to
therefore reduce the damage caused by ESD. According to the present
invention, the V-shaped distortion structure is arbitrarily formed
around the threading dislocation to increase resistance in the area
of the threading dislocation. Accordingly, the current
concentration in this area is prevented and ESD resistance can be
enhanced. A layer with the V-shaped distortion structure may be
formed at a low growth temperature of 600.degree. C. to 900.degree.
C. or through chemical etching and regrowth. The blue LED chip
completed in the aforesaid manner may be controlled to have a
thickness ranging from 50 to 400 by controlling the thickness of a
substrate through polishing or etching, for example.
[0088] The red fluorescent material for the output of white light
may include a nitride-based fluorescent material containing N
(e.g., CaAlSiN.sub.3: Eu). The nitride-based red fluorescent
material ensures higher reliability in external environments
involving heat, moisture or the like, and less chance of
discoloration than a sulfide-based fluorescent material.
Particularly, high excitation efficiency of the fluorescent
material is realized in the dominant wavelength of the blue LED
chip defined within the specific range of 430 nm to 465 nm to
obtain high color reproducibility. Other nitride-based fluorescent
materials such as Ca.sub.2Si.sub.5N.sub.8: Eu or sulfide-based
fluorescent materials may be used as the red fluorescent material.
As for the green fluorescent material, a nitride-based fluorescent
materials such as .beta.-SiAlON: Eu or a silicate-based fluorescent
material such as (Ba.sub.x,Sr.sub.y,Mg.sub.z)SiO.sub.4: Eu.sup.2+,
F, Cl (0<x, y.ltoreq.2, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.2, 0 ppm<F,
Cl<5000000 ppm) may be used. The nitride-based and
silicate-based fluorescent materials have high excitation
efficiency within the dominant wavelength range of 430 nm to 465
nm.
[0089] Preferably, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the
blue LED chip ranges from 10 nm to 50 nm, the FWHM of the green
fluorescent material ranges from 30 nm to 150 nm, and the FWHM of
the red fluorescent material ranges from about 50 nm to 200 nm. As
each light source has the FWHM ranges as above, white light with
higher color uniformity and color quality is obtained.
Particularly, by limiting the dominant wavelength and the FWHM of
the blue LED chip to 430 to 465 nm and 10 to 50 nm respectively,
the efficiency of the CaAlSiN.sub.3: Eu-based red fluorescent
material and the efficiency of the .beta.-SiAlON: Eu-based or
(Ba.sub.x,Sr.sub.y,Mg.sub.z)SiO.sub.4: Eu , F, Cl (0<x,
y.ltoreq.2, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.2, 0 ppm.ltoreq.F, Cl.ltoreq.5000000
ppm)-based green fluorescent material can be significantly
enhanced. The blue LED chip may be replaced with an UV LED chip
having a dominant wavelength in the range of 380 nm to 430 nm. In
this case, to output white light, the light-transmissive,
transparent resin 116 may include, at the least, blue, green and
red fluorescent materials. The blue fluorescent material may be
selected from the group consisting of (Ba, Sr,
Ca).sub.5(PO.sub.4).sub.3Cl: (Eu.sup.2+, Mn.sup.2+) and
Y.sub.2O.sub.3: (Bi.sup.3+, Eu.sup.2+), and the green and red
fluorescent materials may be selected from the group consisting of
the YAG-based, TAG-based, silicate-based, sulfide-based and
nitride-based fluorescent materials.
[0090] A white LED for emitting white light may be obtained without
using a fluorescent material. For example, a second quantum well
layer emitting light with a different wavelength (e.g., yellow
light) from that of blue light may be further provided on and/or
under a first quantum well layer of a nitride-based InGaN and/or
GaN emitting blue light to obtain an LED chip emitting white light
through combination with blue light. The quantum well layer may
have a multiquantum well structure, and the first and second
quantum well layers may be formed by controlling the amount of In
in the InGaN forming the well layers. If the first quantum well
layer emits UV light of the wavelength ranging from 380 nm to 430
nm, the amount of In in the active layer may be controlled such
that the second quantum well layer emits blue light and a third
quantum well layer emits yellow light.
[0091] The recess 118 is the recessed top surface of the lead frame
112 and 113 exposed in the bottom of the cavity 117 and has a
predetermined depth.
[0092] The recess 118 is provided as a downwardly curved portion in
one end portion of the lead frame 112 on which at least one LED
chip 111 is mounted. The curved portion includes a mounting surface
on which the LED chip 111 is mounted, and a pair of lower inclined
surfaces 112a and 112a respectively extending upwardly from both
sides of the mounting surface, inclined at a predetermined angle
and facing outer surfaces of the LED chip 111.
[0093] A reflective member may be provided at the lower inclined
surfaces 112a and 112a to reflect light generated when the LED chip
111 emits light.
[0094] The adequate depth H of the recess 118 or the groove 118a
ranges from 50 .mu.m to 400 .mu.m in due consideration of the
height h of the LED chip 111 mounted therein. Accordingly, the
height H of the cavity of the package body can be lowered to
between 150 .mu.m and 500 .mu.m, and the amount of
light-transmissive, transparent resin filling the cavity is
decreased, thereby saving on manufacturing costs, enhancing light
luminance and contributing to the miniaturization of a product.
[0095] Respective end portions of the lead frames 112 and 113
facing outer surfaces of the LED chip 111 mounted in the groove
118a may include lower inclined surfaces 112b and 113b on which
reflective members are respectively provided to reflect the light
generated when the LED chip 111 emits light.
[0096] In the LED packages 100 and 100a having the above
configurations, the top surface of the LED chip 111 located at the
very center of the cavity 117 may be roughly flush with the top
surfaces of the lead frames 112 and 113 because the LED chip 111 is
mounted on the mounting surface of the downwardly curved portion of
the lead frame 112 or in the groove 118a between facing end
portions of the lead frames 112 and 113. Here, the top surface of
the LED chip 11 is wire-bonded with the lead frames 112 and 113
through metal wires 114a and 114b, respectively.
[0097] In this case, the maximum heights of the metal wires 114a
and 114b used for the wire bonding with the LED chip 111 can be
decreased by the lowered mounting height of the LED chip 111.
[0098] Accordingly, the amount of light-transmissive, transparent
resin 116 filling the cavity 117 to protect the LED chip 111 and
the metal wires 114a and 114b can be reduced, while the height H to
which the light-transmissive, transparent resin is filled can be
lowered by the lowered mounting height of the LED chip 111.
Consequently, the luminance of light from the LED chip can be
relatively increased as compared to the related art.
[0099] As the height H of the light-transmissive, transparent resin
116 in the cavity 117 is lowered, the height of the package body
115 is lowered by the lowered height H of the light-transmissive,
transparent resin 116. Accordingly, the entire package size can be
minimized.
[0100] (a) through (c) of FIG. 34 are schematic views illustrating
the process of forming an external lead frame in the LED package of
FIG. 32.
[0101] Referring to (a) through (c) of FIG. 34, cathode and anode
lead frames 112 and 113 each are integrally fixed to the package
body 115 and have an end portion exposed to an outer surface of the
package body 115 to be connected to external power (see (a) of FIG.
6).
[0102] The lead frames 112 and 113 exposed on the downwards part of
the package body 115 are each bent along a side surface and/or a
lower surface of the package, thus being bent in an opposite
direction to the light emitting side where the cavity 117 is
formed.
[0103] In the package 100 of the present invention, the lead frames
112 and 113, downwardly exposed to the outside of the package, are
each bent to a side portion and/or a back portion (rear or lower
portion) of a mounting surface 119 (i.e., the bottom) of the
package.
[0104] In the forming process, an end portion of the lead frame 112
exposed to the bottom of the package is bent first to correspond to
the shape of the side surface of the package 100 (see (b) of FIG.
34), and then bent backwardly of the bottom 119 of the package,
thereby completing the entire shape of the lead frame 122 (see (c)
of FIG. 34).
[0105] As described above, light emitted from the horizontal LED
block Bh overlaps light emitted from the vertical LED block Bv. In
this case, the light can travel uniformly straight. Because of the
overlap of light emitted from the horizontal and vertical LED
blocks Bh and By, the backlight unit according to this embodiment
can realize local dimming even as the edge type.
[0106] This will now be described with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 6
is a view for explaining the principle of local dimming in the
backlight unit according to the embodiment of FIG. 3.
[0107] FIG. 6(a) illustrates the case that two LED arrays are
disposed horizontally and vertically at edges of a lightguide
plate, respectively, and each LED array has two LED blocks. The
lightguide plate, as shown in FIG. 6(a), may be divided into four
regions for luminance control, assuming that, regardless of the
number of LED chips of each LED block, each LED block has two
operation modes of a mode (0) where no light is substantially
emitted (hereinafter, referred to as light non-emission mode (0)?
and light emission mode (1), and light from the LED blocks travels
uniformly straight.
[0108] For example, if one of the two horizontal LED blocks and one
of the two vertical LED blocks are made to emit light, the relative
luminance values of the four regions of the lightguide plate may be
1/2, 0, 1(1/2+1/2) and 1/2.
[0109] This will now be described with reference to FIG. 6B in more
detail.
[0110] FIG. 6B illustrates the case that four LED arrays are
disposed at the edges of the lightguide plate respectively, i.e.,
two in a horizontal direction and two in a vertical direction. The
two LED arrays disposed in each direction face each other across
the lightguide plate. Each of the LED arrays has three LED blocks.
Unlike FIG. 6A, each of the LED blocks may operate in three
operational modes: a light non-emission mode (0), a light emission
mode (1), and an intermediate light emission mode (1/2).
[0111] Accordingly, if the four LED arrays have the operational
modes shown in FIG. 6(b), the lightguide plate is divided into nine
driving regions. The relative luminance values of the respective
nine driving regions correspond to 1/2(1/3+1/6), 1/3(1/6+1/6),
2/3(1/6+1/6+1/3), 2/3(1/3+1/3), 1/2(1/3+1/6), 5/6(1/3+1/6+1/3),
2/3(1/3+1/6), 1/3(1/6+1/6), and 2/3(1/3+1/6+1/6).
[0112] The backlight unit according to this embodiment can regulate
the luminance of the individual LED blocks included in the LED
arrays disposed at the edges of the lightguide plate, thereby
enabling local dimming. Particularly, the number of regions driven
separately is determined according to the LED blocks. Luminance
levels can be variously regulated according to the number of cases
of operational modes involving light emissions, and the number of
LED arrays (two or four LED arrays). Local dimming can be more
finely regulated with greater numbers of operational modes and LED
arrays.
[0113] Accordingly, besides the configuration illustrated in FIG.
4, the configuration as shown in FIG. 5 may also be allowed in
which only two LED arrays 110 are perpendicularly disposed at the
edges of the lightguide plate 120.
[0114] As in this embodiment, the number of regions that are
individually driven for local dimming may be the same in both
horizontal and vertical directions (a square) or different in
horizontal and vertical directions (a rectangle).
[0115] Although varied according to embodiments, a 40 inch liquid
crystal panel divided into as many as 64 (8.times.8) individually
driven regions, a 46 inch liquid crystal panel divided into as many
as 80 (10.times.8) regions and a liquid crystal panel of 52 inches
divided into as many as 96 (12.times.8) regions may be driven.
[0116] As described above, the backlight unit according to this
embodiment is characterized in that the luminance value is
regulated by each LED block. This may be executed by regulating the
magnitude of a current signal injected into the LED block. This
will now be described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0117] FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a controller for
regulating the luminance of each LED block in the backlight unit
according to the embodiment of FIG. 3.
[0118] A panel image signal transmitter (indicated by C2 in FIG. 3)
includes panel information transfer circuits 160 and 161, and a
panel information combination circuit 162. The panel information
transfer circuits 160 and 161 receive image signals for each of the
individually driven regions of the liquid crystal panel 150. In
this case, the panel image signal transmitter includes a vertical
control unit 160 and a horizontal control unit 161. The image
signals received correspond to R, G and B color driving signals and
an aperture ratio of a panel (i.e., a variation in the slope of a
liquid crystal) according to an electrical signal applied to the
liquid crystal panel.
[0119] The image signals are collected at the panel information
combination circuit 162 in a matrix in vertical columns and
horizontal rows. From the collected image signals, the output power
of each of the LED blocks Bh and Bv, as indicated by arrows in FIG.
7 (only one LED block in each of vertical and horizontal directions
is indicated), is determined via the LED block driving controller
(indicated by C1 in FIG. 3).
[0120] In this case, the detailed circuit configuration of the
panel image signal transmitter and the LED block driving controller
constituting the controllers may employ a known circuit
configuration that connects the LED with the liquid crystal
panel.
[0121] FIG. 7 illustrates, for convenience of description, 4-by-4
individually driven regions, that is, 16 LED blocks Bh and Bv are
controlled. However, corresponding numbers of transfer circuits and
combination circuits are needed to control all the individually
driven regions.
[0122] FIG. 8 is a top plan view of a lightguide plate applicable
to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9
illustrates a lightguide plate applicable to the embodiment of FIG.
8, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
invention.
[0123] As shown in FIG. 8, a lightguide plate 820 according to this
embodiment has four optically distinguishable regions, which are
different from the virtual individually driven regions of the
lightguide plate of the embodiment of FIG. 3. The optically
distinguishable regions of the lightguide plate of this embodiment
correspond to regions that are physically (i.e., optically) divided
regions.
[0124] The lightguide plate 820 is divided into four regions by a
separation structure D, which is arranged horizontally and
vertically in the lightguide plate to thereby block light
propagation. Thus, the respective regions of the lightguide plate
820 divided by the separation structure D can be individually
driven without interference therebetween. As this lightguide plate
820 is combined with the individual control by each LED block
described above, local dimming can be more effectively
performed.
[0125] In different embodiments, the separation structure may be
configured as a reflective structure of a material with high light
reflectivity, or as an uneven structure B formed by indenting a
boundary of each separated region as shown in FIG. 9. The
lightguide plate 820 itself may have a separated structure.
[0126] As described above, the backlight unit according to the
exemplary embodiments of the present invention does not have to be
thick (i.e., light is sent to the liquid crystal panel via the
lightguide plate in the present invention). Thus, the backlight
unit of the present invention may have a thin thickness while
enabling local driving. Accordingly, the effects of local driving
(e.g., a high contrast ratio and high image quality) can be
sufficiently realized, and a slim product can be obtained.
[0127] Hereinafter, various exemplary embodiments according to
different aspects of the present invention will now be described.
Although not illustrated, backlight units according to the
following embodiments may be used together with the structures used
in the edge type backlight unit capable of local dimming according
to the embodiments of FIGS. 3 through 9.
[0128] FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a portion of a
backlight unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
invention. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the backlight unit
of FIG. 10. The backlight unit according to an exemplary embodiment
of the present invention includes a plurality of separate
lightguide plates, but only first and second lightguide plates are
illustrated for convenience of description.
[0129] Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, the backlight unit includes a
bottom case 110, a lightguide plate 120, a light source unit 130,
and a fixing member 140.
[0130] The bottom case 110 has a receiving space. For example, the
receiving space may be formed by the bottom surface of the bottom
case 110, and a sidewall bent from the edge of the bottom
surface.
[0131] The lightguide plate 120 includes a plurality of separate
lightguide plates 120. The plurality of separate lightguide plates
120 are disposed in parallel within the receiving space of the
bottom case 110.
[0132] In the drawing, the lightguide plate 120 is in a
quadrangular form. However, the light guide plat 120 is not limited
to the shape described in the drawings, and may have a variety of
shapes such as a triangle or a hexagon.
[0133] The light source unit 130 providing light to the lightguide
plate 120 is disposed at one edge of each lightguide plate 120.
Each light source unit 130 may include a light source 131 providing
light, and a printed circuit board 132 including a plurality of
circuit patterns for applying a driving voltage to the light source
131.
[0134] An example of the light source 131 may include a light
emitting diode (LED) that emits light when a current is applied
thereto. The LED may have a variety of configurations. For example,
the LED may include a plurality of sub-LEDs respectively
implementing green, blue and red colors. White light can be
realized by mixing blue, green and red light emitted from the
sub-LEDs. Alternatively, the LED may include at least one of blue
and UV LEDs or a fluorescent material that converts a portion of
blue light emitted from the LED into yellow light. In this case,
white light can be implemented as the blue and yellow light is
mixed. White light may be also realized by mixing blue and green
light, yellow and red light, or blue and yellow light.
Alternatively, white light may be realized by converting UV light
into blue, green, yellow and red light, or blue, green and red
light. As to the construction for white light, the
light-transmissive, transparent resin 116 may include, as described
above, a fluorescent material, one wave conversion material among
YAG-based, TAG-based, silicate-based, and nitride-based materials
that can convert light generated from the LED chip into white
light.
[0135] The FWHM of a blue LED chip ranges from about 10 nm to 50
nm, the FWHM of a blue fluorescent material ranges from about 30 nm
to 150 nm, and the FWHM of a red fluorescent material ranges from
about 50 nm to 200 nm. As each light source has the above FWHM,
white light with better color uniformity and color quality is
obtained. Particularly, the dominant wavelength and the FWHM of the
blue LED chip are limited to 430 nm to 465 nm and to 10 nm to 50
nm, respectively, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of
a CaAlSiN.sub.3: Eu-based red florescent material, and the
efficiency of a .beta.-SiAlON: Eu-based or
(Ba.sub.x,Sr.sub.y,Mg.sub.z)SiO.sub.4: Eu.sup.2+, F, Cl (0<x,
y.ltoreq.2, 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.2, 0 ppm.ltoreq.F, Cl.ltoreq.5000000
ppm)-based green fluorescent material. The blue LED chip may be
substituted with a UV LED chip having a dominant wavelength ranging
from 380 nm to 430 nm. In this case, to output white light, the
light-transmissive, transparent resin 116 may include at least
blue, green and red fluorescent materials. The blue fluorescent
material may be selected from (Ba, Sr, Ca).sub.5(PO.sub.4).sub.3Cl:
(Eu.sup.2+, Mn.sup.2+) and Y.sub.2O.sub.3: (Bi.sup.3+, Eu.sup.2+)
materials. The green and red fluorescent materials may be selected
from the YAG-based, TAG-based, silicate-based, sulfide-based and
nitride-based materials.
[0136] Light from the light source unit 130 is made incident onto
the edge of the lightguide plate 120, and then emitted upwardly by
total internal reflection in the lightguide plate 120.
[0137] The fixing member 140 is disposed between the separate
lightguide plates 120 to prevent the separate lightguide plates 120
from moving.
[0138] The fixing member 140 includes an insertion portion 141 and
a head portion 142 connected with the insertion portion 141.
[0139] The insertion portion 141 is inserted between the separate
lightguide plates 120, thereby preventing the separate lightguide
plates 120 from moving from side to side. That is, the insertion
portion 141 is inserted between neighboring first and second
lightguide plates 120a and 120b among the separate lightguide
plates 120. The insertion portion 141 has first and second inclined
surfaces 141a and 141b extending from its end toward both sides and
connected with the head portion 142. That is, the section of the
insertion portion 141 may have a triangular shape. Thus, the
insertion portion 141 may be easily inserted between the separate
lightguide plates 120.
[0140] The head portion 142 has a larger area than the insertion
portion 141. The head portion 142 has a width greater than an
interval between the neighboring lightguide plates. The head
portion 142 is disposed at top edges of the separate lightguide
plates 120. That is, the head portion 142 is placed over the top
edges of the facing lightguide plates 120 with the insertion
portion 141 interposed between, thereby preventing the fixing
member 140 from slipping out from between the separate lightguide
plates 120. Also, the head portion 142 presses downwards on the
separate lightguide plates 120, thereby preventing the separate
lightguide plates 120 from moving up and down.
[0141] The fixing member including the insertion portion 141 and
the head portion 142 is disposed between the separate lightguide
plates 120, thereby preventing the separate lightguide plates 120
from moving up and down or side to side.
[0142] The fixing member 140 may have a stripe shape crossing the
bottom case 110 or a lattice shape surrounding an edge of each
lightguide plate 120.
[0143] The fixing member 140 may be formed of a light transmissive
material, for example, transparent plastic, in order to minimize
the influence on image quality. The fixing member 140 may contain a
reflective material, e.g., TiO.sub.2, for guide light leaking
between the lightguide plates 120 toward a corresponding one of the
lightguide plates 120.
[0144] A reflective member 150 may be further disposed under each
of the lightguide plates 120. The reflective member 150 reflects
light traveling downwardly of the lightguide plate 120 back towards
the lightguide plate 120, so that the optical efficiency of the
backlight unit is improved.
[0145] The backlight unit may further include an optical member 160
supported by the fixing member 140 and disposed on the lightguide
plate 120. Examples of the optical member 160 may include a
diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, and a protective
sheet disposed on the lightguide plate 140. The optical member 160
is spaced apart from the lightguide plate 120 at a predetermined
interval by the fixing member 140. Thus, the lightguide plate 120
can provide light uniformly to the optical member 160.
[0146] In the backlight unit including the plurality of separate
lightguide plates for local dimming according to the embodiment of
the present invention, the fixing member for preventing the
separate lightguide plate from moving can prevent defects caused by
the movement of the lightguide plate from occurring.
[0147] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a backlight unit
according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG.
10.
[0148] The configuration of this embodiment is identical to the
backlight unit of FIG. 10, except for a reflective layer. Thus, in
this embodiment, the identical reference numerals are used for the
same elements as in the embodiment of FIG. 10, and a repetition of
the description will be omitted.
[0149] Referring to FIG. 12, the backlight unit according to this
embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom case 110, a
plurality of separate lightguide plates 120, a light source unit
130 and a fixing member 140.
[0150] Each lightguide plate 120 may include a first side 121
receiving light, a second side 122 curved at a top edge of the
first side 121 and emitting light, a third side 123 facing the
second side 122 and reflecting light to the second side 122, and a
fourth side 124 facing the first side 123 and connected with the
second and third sides 122 and 123. The separate lightguide plates
120 are arranged with their respective first side 121 and fourth
side 124 facing each other. For example, in the adjacent first and
second lightguide plates 120a and 120b among the separate
lightguide plates 120, the first side 121 of the first lightguide
plate 120a faces the fourth side 124 of the second lightguide plate
120b.
[0151] The fixing member 140 includes an insertion portion 141
inserted between the separate lightguide plates 120, e.g., between
the first and second lightguide plates 120a and 120b; and a head
portion 142 connected with the insertion portion 141 and disposed
extending to top edges of the first and second lightguide plates
120a and 120b.
[0152] The insertion portion 141 may include first and second
inclined surfaces 141a and 141b respectively extending from its end
toward both sides and connected with the head portion 142. A
section of the insertion portion 141 may be a triangle.
[0153] One of the first and second inclined surfaces 141a and 141b
may be inclined toward the first side 121 of the lightguide plate
120 on which light is incident from the light source unit 130. For
example, in the adjacent first and second lightguide plates 120a
and 120b among the separate lightguide plates 120, the first side
121 of the first lightguide plate 120a may face the first inclined
surface 141a, and the fourth side 124 of the second lightguide
plate 120b may face the second inclined surface 141b. The first
inclined surface extends toward a top portion of the first side
121, and the second inclined surface 141b extends toward a top
portion of the fourth side 124.
[0154] A reflective layer 143 is provided on an outer surface of
the insertion portion 141, i.e., on the first and second inclined
surfaces 141a and 141b.
[0155] The reflective layer 143 guides at least a portion of light
directed at the first side 121 of the first lightguide plate 120a
but leaking toward the fourth side 124 of the second lightguide
plate 120b to the first lightguide plate 120a, thereby preventing
hot spots from occurring due to light leakage between the separate
lightguide plates 120. Here, the hot spot refers to a defect
involving a bright point caused when part of a screen has a higher
level of luminance than its surroundings.
[0156] The reflective layer 143 may extend toward the top of the
first side 121, inclined by the first inclined surface 141a. Thus,
the reflective layer 143 can efficiently reflect light to the first
side 121. To prevent hot spots, the reflectivity of the reflective
layer 143 and the slops of the first and second inclined surfaces
141a and 14b are controlled according to the luminance
characteristics of the light source unit 130 and the material of
the lightguide plate 120.
[0157] Accordingly, the backlight unit of this embodiment can
prevent hot spots as well as the movement of the separate
lightguide plates by including the reflective layer, which reflects
at least a portion of light leaking between the separate lightguide
plates, onto the fixing member.
[0158] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a fixing member provided in
a backlight unit according to a modified embodiment of the
embodiment of FIG. 10.
[0159] The backlight unit of the embodiment of FIG. 13 has the same
configuration as the backlight unit of the embodiment of FIG. 10,
except for a fixing frame. Thus, the same reference numerals are
used for the same elements as in the embodiment of FIG. 12, and the
repetition of the description will be omitted.
[0160] Referring to FIG. 13, the backlight unit according to this
embodiment includes a bottom case 110, a plurality of separate
lightguide plates 120, a light source unit 130, a fixing member
140, and a fixing frame 170.
[0161] The fixing frame 170 connects a plurality of fixing members
140. Specifically, the fixing frame 170 has a shape of a
quadrangular frame with an open interior. The fixing member 140 is
disposed in an opening of the fixing frame 170. As shown in the
drawing, the fixing member 140 may have a stripe shape. However,
the shape of the fixing member 140 is not limited, and it may have
a lattice shape.
[0162] The fixing member 140 and the fixing frame 170 may be
integrally manufactured through molding. Alternatively, the fixing
member 140 and the fixing frame 170 may be coupled together by
means of a coupling unit, e.g., an adhesive agent or a coupling
element.
[0163] Accordingly, the plurality of fixing members 140 can be
assembled into the separate lightguide plates 120 at once by the
fixing frame 170. Therefore, productivity can be improved as
compared to the case that they are individually assembled.
[0164] The fixing frame 170 may be coupled to the bottom case 110
of FIG. 1. Thus, the plurality of fixing members 140 may be fixed
to the bottom case 110 in order to more effectively fix the
separate lightguide plates 120.
[0165] Accordingly, as the backlight unit according to this
embodiment of the present invention includes the fixing frame
connecting a plurality of fixing members, the assembly productivity
and fixing properties can be further enhanced.
[0166] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a backlight unit according
to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
15 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the backlight unit of
FIG. 14. The backlight unit may include a plurality of lightguide
plates, but in the drawings, just two lightguide plates are
illustrated for convenience of description.
[0167] Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15, the backlight unit includes a
bottom case 110, a plurality of lightguide plates 120 disposed in
parallel in the bottom case 110, and a light source unit 130
disposed at one side of each of the lightguide plates.
[0168] Specifically, the bottom case 110 has a receiving space for
accommodating the plurality of lightguide plates 120 and the light
source unit 130. For example, the receiving space may be formed by
a bottom surface of the bottom case 110 and a sidewall bent
upwardly from the edge of the bottom surface.
[0169] As the light source unit 130 is disposed at the edge of each
of the lightguide plates 120, the edge type backlight unit can
perform a local dimming function. That is, the light source unit
130 provides light having a regulated luminance value to a
corresponding lightguide plate 120, and the corresponding
lightguide plate 120 can provide light having a regulated luminance
value to a selected region of the liquid crystal panel.
[0170] The plurality of lightguide plates 120 each have one side
125 having a receiving groove 121, the other side 126 opposing the
one side, a bottom side 127 bent and extending from the edge of the
one side 125, and a top side 128 opposing the bottom side 127. The
other side 126 may serve as an incident side, receiving light from
the light source unit 130. The bottom side 127 may serve as a
reflective side for total reflection of light in an upward
direction. Although not shown, a plurality of optical patterns may
be disposed at the bottom side 127. Also, the top side 128 may
serve as an emission surface from which the light is emitted to the
outside.
[0171] The plurality of lightguide plates 120 may be disposed such
that one side 125 and the other side 126 of respective adjacent
lightguide plates face each other. For example, the plurality of
lightguide plates 120 may include adjacent first and second
lightguide plates 120a and 120b. Here, one side 125 of the first
lightguide plate 120a faces the other side 126 of the second
lightguide plate 120b.
[0172] The light source unit 130 is disposed between the
neighboring lightguide plates, e.g., the one side of the first
lightguide plate 120a and the other side of the second lightguide
plate 120b. The light source unit 130 is received in the receiving
groove 121 formed in the one side 125. Accordingly, there is no
need to put a space of a predetermined distance between the
plurality of lightguide plates 120 for the installation of the
light source unit 130 between each set of neighboring lightguide
plates 120. This is contributive to forming a compact backlight
unit. Also, the intervals between the lightguide plates 120 can be
narrowed, thereby preventing light leakage between the plurality of
lightguide plates 120.
[0173] The receiving groove 121 may be formed by a first side 122
extending bent upwardly from the edge of the bottom side 127, and a
second side 123 extending bent outwardly from the edge of the first
side 122. In the case that the light source unit 130 emits light to
the other side 126 of the second lightguide plate 120, the first
side 122 faces the back of the light source unit 13, and the second
side 123 faces the side surface of the light source unit 130.
[0174] By regulating the optical characteristics of the receiving
groove 121, particularly, of the second side 123, light leaking
between the plurality of lightguide plates 120 is prevented from
causing hot spots. For example, the first side 122 may be
configured as one of a diffusion surface, a reflective surface and
an optical polished surface. The first side 122 reflects a portion
of leaked light to the other side 126, and absorbs or transmits the
remaining leaked light to the outside. The second side 123 may be
configured as a diffusion surface. The second side may have a
reflectivity ranging from 40% to 70%. If the reflectivity of the
second side 123 is less than 40%, hot spots are caused, resulting
in brighter boundaries between the lightguide plates 120 than on
the top side 128 of the lightguide plate 120. In contrast, the
reflectivity of the second side 123 exceeding 70% may cause dark
spots, resulting in darker boundaries between the lightguide plates
120 than on the top side of the lightguide plate 120.
[0175] The one side 125 may further include a third side 124
extending to the receiving groove 121, i.e., extending bent
upwardly from the edge of the second side 123. The third side 124
may face the other side 126 of the adjacent lightguide plate 120
parallel thereto. The third side 124 may be configured as one of a
diffusion surface, a reflective surface and an optical polished
surface.
[0176] In other words, the second side 123 of the receiving groove
121 needs to be configured as a diffusion surface, and the optical
characteristics of the first side 122 and the third side 124 do not
significantly affect hot spots. However, if a side with a larger
area among the first side 122 and the third side 124 is configured
as an optical polished surface, the amount of light being
transmitted increases, causing hot spots. Therefore, a larger side
of the first side 122 and the third side 124 needs to be configured
as a diffusion surface or a reflective surface, not an optical
polished surface.
[0177] For example, if the third side 124 has a larger area than
the first side 122, the first side 122 may be configured as one of
an optical polished surface, a reflective surface and a diffusion
surface. However, the third side 124 may be configured as one of a
reflective surface and a diffusion surface. In contrast, if the
third side 124 has a smaller area than the first side 122, the
third side 124 may be configured as one of an optical polished
surface, a reflective surface and a diffusion surface, and the
first side 122 may be configured as a reflective surface or a
diffusion surface.
[0178] The optical characteristics of the first, second and third
sides, particularly, the optical characteristic of the second side
may be regulated by changing the concentration of white ink applied
thereon.
[0179] Although illustrated and described as a quadrangular shape,
the receiving groove in the lightguide plate is not limited
thereto.
[0180] Referring to FIGS. 16 through 19, a variety of shapes of the
receiving groove provided in the lightguide plate according to the
embodiment of the present invention will now be described in
detail.
[0181] As shown in FIG. 16, a receiving groove 221 of a lightguide
plate 220 may have a sectional shape of a trapezoid formed by a
first side 222 and a second side 223 inclined upwardly from the
first side 222.
[0182] As shown in FIG. 17, a receiving groove 321 of a lightguide
plate 320 may have a triangular sectional shape formed by a first
side 322 extending inclined from the edge of a bottom side 327 to
the edge of a top side 328.
[0183] As shown in FIG. 18, a receiving groove 421 of a lightguide
plate 420 may have a sectional shape of a trapezoid formed by a
first side 422 and a second side 423 inclined upwardly from the
first side 422. The lightguide plate 420 may include a third side
424 extending bent upwardly from the second side 423 of the
receiving groove 421.
[0184] As shown in FIG. 19, a receiving groove 521 of a lightguide
plate 520 may be formed by a first side 522, and a second side 523
bent upwardly from the first side 522. One side 525 in which the
receiving groove 521 is formed may serve as an incident side
receiving light. That is, the receiving groove 521 for
accommodating the light source unit may be provided in the incident
side. The other side 526 facing the one side 525 of the lightguide
plate 520 may have an inclined surface 526a extending upwardly. The
inclined surface 526a serves more efficiently to prevent hot spots
by efficiently reflecting light leaking from the back of a
neighboring light source unit.
[0185] Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15 again, since each of the
lightguide plates 120 has a flat bottom side 127, the respective
bottom sides 127 of the plurality of lightguide plates 120 may be
disposed to be flush with one another. Accordingly, the plurality
of lightguide plates 120 are easy to assemble, and the assembly
property of the backlight unit can be improved. Furthermore, when
the backlight unit is used for a large display device, the flat
bottom surfaces 127 contribute to achieving uniform flatness
between the plurality of lightguide plates 120. Also, the flat
bottom surfaces 127 of the lightguide plates 120 can facilitate a
cutting process and an optical polishing process of the lightguide
plates 120.
[0186] The light source 130 may include a light source 131 forming
light, and a printed circuit board 132 applying a driving voltage
to the light source 131. A plurality of light sources 131 may be
mounted on the printed circuit board 132.
[0187] An example of the light source 131 may include an LED that
emits light when a current is applied thereto. The LED may have
various configurations. For example, the LED may include sub-LEDs
respectively realizing blue, green and red colors. The sub-LEDs
realizing the blue, green and red colors emit blue light, green
light and red light, respectively, and blue, green and red light is
mixed to realize white light. Alternatively, the LED may include a
fluorescent material that converts a portion of blue light emitted
from a blue LED into yellow light. In this case, white light is
realized by the mixture of blue and yellow light.
[0188] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the
light source unit is described as a light source including an LCD.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example,
the light source of the light source unit may be a cold cathode
fluorescent lamp (CCFL), or an external electrode fluorescent
lamp.
[0189] Furthermore, a reflective member 150 may be disposed under
each of the lightguide plates 120. The reflective member 150
reflects light emitted downwardly of the lightguide plate 120 back
towards the lightguide plate 120, thereby improving the optical
efficiency of the backlight unit.
[0190] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the
reflective member 150 includes a plurality of separate reflective
members being disposed under the lightguide plates 120,
respectively. However, the present invention is not limited
thereto. That is, the reflective member 150 may be disposed under
the plurality of lightguide plates as a single unit.
[0191] The reflective member 150 can be easily placed since the
bottom sides of the plurality of lightguide plates are fush with
one another.
[0192] The backlight unit may further include an optical member 160
disposed on the lightguide plates 120. The optical member 160 may
include a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet and a
protective sheet on the lightguide plates 140, for example.
[0193] Hereinafter, the luminance characteristic of the backlight
unit according to an embodiment of the present invention will be
described. Here, a plurality of lightguide plates of the backlight
unit each include a receiving groove formed by a first side and a
second side, and a third side extending from the receiving groove.
The first side and the second side are configured as diffusion
surfaces, and the third side is configured as a reflective surface.
The diffusion surface has a reflectivity of 45%, and the reflective
surface has a reflectivity of 90%.
[0194] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the luminance distribution over
the distance between two spots of lightguide plates according to
the present invention. As shown in FIG. 20, the luminance has a
uniform distribution over two spots, spot A (0 mm) of one
lightguide plate and spot B (110 mm) of another lightguide
plate.
[0195] The same result was obtained when the first side and the
third side were configured as reflective surfaces and the second
side were configured as a diffusion surface. Thus, the description
of the above case will be omitted.
[0196] In the backlight unit including the plurality of lightguide
plates, the luminance was uniform over top portions of the
plurality of lightguide plates and over boundaries between the
plurality of lightguide plates when the second side of the
receiving groove for receiving a light source unit for each
lightguide plate is configured as a diffusion surface.
[0197] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the
backlight unit includes a plurality of separate lightguide plates
and a light source unit disposed at the edge of each of the
lightguide plates. Thus, the effect of local dimming by local
driving can be achieved as well as the effect of the backlight
unit.
[0198] Also, the receiving groove for receiving the light source
unit at the edge of each lightguide plate allows the formation of a
compact backlight unit.
[0199] The optical characteristics of one edge of each lightguide
plate including the receiving groove are regulated, thereby
preventing optical defects such as a hot spot. Consequently, the
quality of the backlight unit can be improved.
[0200] FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a backlight unit according
to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 22 is
a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 21. The
backlight unit may include a plurality of lightguide plates, but
just two lightguide plates are illustrated for convenience of
description.
[0201] Referring to FIGS. 21 and 22, the backlight unit includes a
bottom case 110, a lightguide plate 120, a light source unit 130
and a fixing member 140.
[0202] The bottom case 110 has a receiving space. For example, the
receiving space may be formed by a bottom surface of the bottom
case 110 and a sidewall bent from the edge of the bottom
surface.
[0203] The bottom case 110 may include a coupling portion 111 to
which the fixing member 140 (to be described later) is coupled. The
coupling portion 111 may be an opening which the fixing member 140
(to be described later) passes through or a groove which the fixing
member is inserted into.
[0204] The lightguide plate 120 includes a plurality of separate
lightguide plates. The plurality of separate lightguide plates 120
need to be disposed in parallel in the receiving space of the
bottom case 110.
[0205] Each of the lightguide plates 120 includes a through hole
121 penetrating its body. The through hole 121 is disposed at the
edge of the lightguide plate. However, the embodiment of the
present invention does not limit the location and number of through
holes. The through hole 121 is disposed corresponding to the
coupling portion 111.
[0206] The shape of the lightguide plate 120 is illustrated as a
quadrangular shape, but the present invention is not limited
thereto. The lightguide plate 120 may have various shapes such as
triangular and hexagonal shapes.
[0207] Each of a plurality of light source units 130 is disposed at
one edge of a corresponding one of the lightguide plates 120. The
light source units 130 may each include a light source 131 forming
light, and a printed circuit board 132 including a plurality of
circuit patterns for applying a driving voltage to the light source
131.
[0208] The light source 131 may be, for example, an LED emitting
light when current is applied thereto. The LED may have various
configurations. For example, the LED may include sub-LEDs
respectively realizing blue, green and red colors. Blue light,
green light and red light emitted from the sub LEDs respectively
realizing the blue, green and red colors are mixed to realize white
light. Alternatively, the LED may include a blue LED and a
fluorescent material that converts a portion of blue light emitted
from the blue LED into yellow light. The blue light is mixed with
the yellow light to realize white light.
[0209] Light formed at the light source unit 130 is incident to the
edge of the lightguide plate 120, and is emitted upwardly by total
internal reflection in the lightguide plate 120.
[0210] The fixing member 140 serves to fix the lightguide plate 120
to the bottom case 110, thereby preventing the movement of the
lightguide plate 120. The fixing member 140 is inserted in the
through hole 121 of the lightguide plate 120 and fixes the
lightguide plate 120 to the bottom case 110. Furthermore, the
fixing member 140 may be coupled with the coupling portion 111 of
the lightguide plate 120 through the through hole 121 of the
lightguide plate 120. For example, the fixing member 140 may pass
through the opening or be inserted in the insertion groove.
[0211] The fixing member 140 includes a body portion 142, and a
head portion 141 extending from the body portion 142.
[0212] The body portion 142 is coupled with the coupling portion
111, passing through the through hole of the lightguide plate 120.
That is, the body portion 142 serves to fix the lightguide plate
120 on the bottom case 110 by coupling the lightguide plate 120
with the bottom case 110.
[0213] The head portion 142 having a wider width than the body
portion 142 prevents the fixing member 140 from completely slipping
out of the through hole 121 of the lightguide plate 121.
[0214] The head portion 141 may have various shapes. For example,
the head portion 141 may have a sectional shape of a semicircle, a
semi-oval, a quadrangle or a triangle. When the head portion 141
has a triangular sectional shape, the contact between the fixing
member 140 and an optical member (to be described later) can be
minimized, thereby minimizing the generation of dark spots caused
by the fixing member 140.
[0215] The lightguide plate 120 and the optical member 160 have a
predetermined distance therebetween. Thus, light emitted from the
lightguide plate 120 can be uniformly provided onto the optical
member 160. The head portion 141 supporting the optical member 160
serves to maintain the distance between the lightguide plate 120
and the optical member 160 (to be described later). The distance
between the lightguide plate 120 and the optical member 160 can be
adjusted by controlling the height of the head portion 141.
[0216] The fixing member 140 may be formed of a material that
transmits light, e.g., transparent plastic in order to minimize its
influence on image quality.
[0217] The fixing member 140 may have a variety of configurations.
Various embodiments of the fixing member will be described
afterwards.
[0218] Furthermore, a reflective member 150 may be disposed under
each of the lightguide plates 120. The reflective member 150
reflects light emitted downwardly of the lightguide plate 120 back
to the lightguide plate 120, thereby improving the optical
efficiency of the backlight unit.
[0219] The reflective member 150 may include a through portion 151
corresponding to the through hole 121 and the coupling portion 111.
The fixing member 140 passes through the through hole 121 and the
through portion 151 to be coupled with the coupling portion 111.
Accordingly, the reflective member 150, when provided with a
plurality of separate reflective members like the lightguide plates
120, can be fixed on the bottom case 110 by the fixing member
140.
[0220] The backlight unit may further include an optical member 160
disposed on the lightguide plates 120. The optical member 160 may
include, for example, a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, a prism
sheet and a protective sheet disposed on the lightguide plates
120.
[0221] Accordingly, the backlight unit according to the embodiment
of the present invention includes a plurality of separate
lightguide plates, so that the effect of local dimming by local
driving can be further improved.
[0222] The plurality of separate lightguide plates are fixed to the
bottom case by means of the fixing member, thereby preventing
defects caused by the movement of the lightguide plates.
[0223] Also, the fixing member can maintain the uniform distance
between the lightguide plates and the optical member, so that light
can be uniformly provided to a liquid crystal panel.
[0224] FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a backlight unit
according to a modified embodiment of the embodiment of FIG.
21.
[0225] The backlight unit according to this embodiment has the same
configuration as in the embodiment of FIG. 21, except for a support
member. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the
same elements as in the embodiment of FIG. 21, and repetition of
the description will be omitted.
[0226] Referring to FIG. 23, the backlight unit according to this
embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom case 110
including a coupling portion 111, a plurality of lightguide plates
120 disposed in parallel on the bottom case 110 and each including
a through hole 121 corresponding to the coupling portion 111, light
source units 130 respectively disposed at one set of edges of the
lightguide plates 120, and a fixing member 140 passing through the
through hole 121 and coupled to the coupling portion 111 to fix the
plurality of lightguide plates 120 to the bottom case 110. The
backlight unit further includes an optical member disposed on the
lightguide plate 120.
[0227] The fixing member 140 includes a body portion 142 coupling
the lightguide plate 120 with the bottom case 110 to fix the
lightguide plate 120, and a head portion 141 extending from the
body portion 12. The head portion 141 prevents the fixing member
140 from slipping out, and maintains the distance between an
optical member 160 and the lightguide plate 120.
[0228] However, the distance between the lightguide plate 120 and
the optical member 160 needs to be adjusted according to the model
of an LCD device or the characteristics of elements of the
backlight unit. The height of the head portion 141 with reference
to the top surface of the lightguide plate 120 may be selectively
controlled by adjusting the length of the body of the fixing member
140 inserted into the through hole. If the head portion 141 is
spaced apart from the lightguide plate 120 at a predetermined
distance, the fixing member 140 may move downwardly without being
fixed in the through hole 121, changing the height of the head
portion 141. Therefore, a support member 170 is provided between
the lightguide plate 120 and the fixing member 140, thereby
preventing the movement of the fixing member 140. The support
member 170 may be a spring for example. The spring, decreasing in
volume under a predetermined force, prevents the fixing member 140
from moving downwardly by decreasing its volume according to the
coupled length of the fixing member 140. Thus, the support member
170 serves to prevent the movement of the fixing member 140.
[0229] The support member 170 can disperse the pressure that the
head portion 141 of the fixing member 140 applies directly on the
lightguide plate 120. Accordingly, damage to the lightguide plate
120 can be prevented from occurring due to the coupling of the
fixing member 140.
[0230] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the
support member is described as limited to the support member.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the
support member may be an elastic pad that can control its volume
according to the coupling force.
[0231] In the backlight unit including the support member according
to this embodiment of the present invention, the fixing member is
supported and fixed after the height of the head portion of the
fixing member is selectively controlled. Accordingly, a uniform
distance can be maintained between the light guide and the optical
member.
[0232] Also, the support member can minimize the damage to the
lightguide plate and allow the fixing member to be coupled with the
lightguide plate.
[0233] Various configurations of the fixing member will now be
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0234] FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a fixing member
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0235] Referring to FIG. 24, a fixing member 140a according to this
embodiment includes a head portion 141a, a body portion 142b, and a
stopping portion 143c. The body portion 142b has one end separated
into at least two parts. Thus, when the fixing member 140a is
inserted into the through hole 121 of the lightguide plate 120, the
end of the body portion 142b decreases in diameter, thereby
facilitating the insertion thereof. Also, the stopping portion 143c
is disposed at the end of the diverging body portion 142b, thereby
preventing the fixing member 140a from slipping out of the through
hole.
[0236] FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a fixing member
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0237] Referring to FIG. 25, a fixing member 140b according to this
embodiment includes a head portion 141b and a body portion 142b.
The body portion 142b has a screw protrusion 143b around its outer
surface. Thus, the body portion 142b passes through the lightguide
plate 120 by the rotation of the fixing member 140, and can be
easily coupled with the coupling portion 111.
[0238] FIG. 26 is a perspective view of an LCD device according to
an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0239] Referring to FIG. 26, the LCD device includes a liquid
crystal panel 100 displaying an image, and a backlight unit 170.
Although not shown, the liquid crystal panel includes first and
second substrates facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer
interposed between the first and second substrates. The first
substrate includes a plurality of pixels disposed in the matrix.
Each of the pixels may include a thin film transistor and a pixel
electrode electrically connected to the thin film transistor. Also,
the first substrate further includes a plurality of lines, e.g.,
gate lines and data lines, to apply an electrical signal to each
pixel. The second substrate includes a color lifter layer and a
common electrode disposed on the color filter. The common electrode
forms a liquid crystal driving voltage for driving the liquid
crystals of the liquid crystal layer together with the pixel
electrode in response to the electrical signal. The liquid crystal
displays an image by controlling the transmittance of light
transmitting from the liquid crystal.
[0240] According to this embodiment of the present invention, a
twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal panel is described. However,
the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modes,
e.g., in-plane switching (IPS) and vertically aligned (VA) liquid
crystal panels may be applied to the present invention.
[0241] The backlight unit 170 includes a light source module 150
forming light, and a lightguide plate 140 guiding the light to the
liquid crystal panel 100.
[0242] The light source module 150 includes a light source 152
forming light, and a light source circuit board 151 including a
plurality of circuit patterns for applying a driving voltage to the
light source 152.
[0243] The lightguide plate 140 is disposed under the liquid
crystal panel 100, the light source module 150 may be disposed at
each edge of the liquid crystal panel 140. That is, the light
source module 150 is disposed at the edge of the LCD panel 100.
Accordingly, the backlight unit 170 may be manufactured with a thin
thickness.
[0244] The lightguide plate 140 includes an incident side facing
the optical module 150, an exit side bent from the incident side
and facing the liquid crystal panel 100, a light collecting pattern
disposed at the exit side, and a back side facing the exit side. A
plurality of patterns (not shown) may be disposed at the back side
in order to guide light incident on the incident side toward the
exit side.
[0245] In the lightguide plate 140, the light collecting pattern
can enhance the effect involving local dimming driving, i.e., the
effect of a contrast ratio or the like.
[0246] The backlight unit 170 may further include an optical member
110 disposed on the lightguide plate 140. The optical member 110
may include, e.g., a diffusion sheet 111, a prism sheet 112 and a
protective sheet disposed on the lightguide plate 140.
[0247] A reflective plate 160 may be provided under the lightguide
plate 140. The reflective plate 160 reflects light leaking
downwardly of the lightguide plate 140 to guide the light back to
the lightguide plate 140, thereby improving the optical efficiency
of the backlight unit 170.
[0248] Although not shown, the backlight unit 170 may further
include a bottom case receiving the light source unit 150, the
lightguide plate 140 and the like. The backlight unit 170 and the
liquid crystal panel 100 may be fixed together by a bottom case and
a top case (not shown) coupled with the bottom case.
[0249] FIG. 27 is a plan view of the backlight unit of FIG. 26, and
FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 26.
[0250] Referring to FIGS. 27 and 28, the backlight unit 170
includes the optical module 150 and the lightguide plate 140.
[0251] The optical module 150 may include first, second, third and
fourth optical modules 150a, 150b, 150c and 150d disposed at four
edges of the lightguide plate 140, respectively. However, the
embodiment of the present invention does not limit the number of
optical modules.
[0252] The light source 152 may include an LED device, which is a
semiconductor device that emits light when a current is applied
thereto. For example, the LED device includes an LED and a
fluorescent material to realize white light. The LED may realize
blue light. The fluorescent material absorbs and excites a portion
of the blue light to realize yellow light for the realization of
white light through combination with the blue light. Also, the LED
device may include sub-LEDs respectively emitting red light, green
light and blue light. The light provided from the sub-LEDs may be
mixed to realize white light.
[0253] However, the light source of this embodiment of the present
invention is not limited to the LED device. For example, a lamp may
be used as the light source.
[0254] The plurality of light sources 152 are mounted on the light
source circuit board 150. The light source circuit board 150
includes a circuit line providing a light source driving voltage
sent from a light source driver (not shown) to the light source.
The circuit line may be electrically connected with each of the
light sources 152 or with each group of light sources 152. Thus,
the plurality of light sources 152 may be driven individually or by
group. For example, the first optical module 150a may include a
first channel to a seventh channel (Ch1 to Ch7) respectively
configured as separate circuits. Each channel may include one or
more light sources electrically connected to each other. Likewise,
the second optical module 150b may include an eighth channel to an
eleventh channel (Ch8 to Ch11), the third optical module 150c may
include a twelfth channel to an eighteenth channel (Ch12 to Ch18),
and the fourth optical module 150d may include a nineteenth channel
to a twenty second channel (Ch19 to Ch22).
[0255] However, the embodiment of the present invention does not
limit the number of channels of each module. A first region of a
liquid crystal panel that needs to display a brighter image than
its periphery can be provided with light with a higher luminance
than its peripheral by regulating the luminance of a light source
disposed at a channel corresponding to the first region. In
contrast, a second region of the liquid crystal panel that needs to
display a darker image can be provided with light with a lower
luminance than its periphery by regulating the luminance of a light
source disposed at a channel corresponding to the second region.
Since the light source module 150 includes a plurality of channels
that can drive independently, light with a selectively regulated
luminance value can be provided to a predetermined region of the
liquid crystal panel.
[0256] The lightguide plate 140 includes a first light collecting
pattern 141 disposed at an exit side to collect light in a first
direction, and a second light collecting pattern 142 collecting
light in a second direction intersecting the first direction. The
first and third light source modules 150a and 150c facing each
other may be disposed at both ends of the first light collecting
pattern 141. Also, the second and fourth light source modules 150b
and 150d may be disposed at both ends of the second light
collecting pattern 142, facing each other.
[0257] The first and second light collecting patterns 141 and 142
each may have constant patterns protruding from the body of the
lightguide plate 140. For example, each of the first and second
light collecting patterns 141 and 142 may be in the shape of a
prism pattern. That is, the first light collecting pattern 141 may
be disposed across the top of the lightguide plate 140 in the first
direction. The second light collecting pattern 142 may be disposed
across the top of the lightguide plate 140 in the second direction.
The sectional shape of each of the first and second light
collecting patterns 141 and 142 may be a hemispherical or
triangular shape to collect light.
[0258] The lightguide plate 140 further includes diffusion parts
143 that diffuse light emitted by the first and second light
collecting patterns 141 and 142. The diffusion parts 143 may be
disposed at the right and left sides of the first light collecting
pattern 141, respectively. The diffusion parts 143 may be disposed
at the top and bottom of the second light collecting pattern 142,
respectively. The diffusion part 143 diffuses light collected by
the first and second light collecting patterns 141 and 142. That
is, the diffusion portions 143 can allow light having the regulated
luminance value to be uniformly provided to a selective region of
the liquid crystal panel, and an image of the liquid crystal panel
can be more smoothly displayed.
[0259] Light paths formed by the first and second light collecting
patterns 141 and 142 will now be described. Light sources disposed
at both ends of the first light collecting pattern 141, e.g., the
light sources 152 disposed at the first channel Ch1 are turned on.
First light L1 formed at the first channel Ch1 exits linearly in
the first direction due to the first light collecting pattern 141.
At this time, the first light is diffused by the diffusion portions
143 disposed at the right and left sides of the first light
collecting pattern 141. Meanwhile, light sources disposed at both
ends of the second light collecting pattern 142, e.g., light
sources disposed at the ninth channel Ch9 are turned on. Second
light L2 formed at the ninth channel Ch9 exits linearly in the
second direction by the second light collecting pattern 142. At
this time, the second light L2 is diffused by the diffusion
portions disposed at the top and bottom of the second light
collecting pattern 142. When the light sources 152 of the first
channel Ch1 and the ninth channel Ch9 are simultaneously turned on
as described above, the first and second light sources L1 and L2
overlap at the intersection of the first and second light
collecting patterns 141 and 142 so that light can exit with higher
luminance than from other regions.
[0260] Although in the embodiment of the present invention, light
sources of the first and fourth light source modules are driven,
the present invention is not limited thereto, and corresponding
light source modules can be driven together according to the
required light quantity. For example, when the light sources
disposed at the ninth channel Ch9 are turned on, light sources
disposed at the twenty first channel Ch21 corresponding to the
ninth channel Ch9 may be turned on at the same time. Likewise, when
the light sources disposed at the first channel Ch1 are turned on,
light sources disposed at the eighteenth channel Ch18 corresponding
to the first channel Ch1 may be turned on at the same time. Thus,
light with more improved luminance can be provided to a selected
region of the liquid crystal panel. That is, the degree of
luminance of an image can be controlled through selecting the
channel location and controlling ON/OFF of the light sources
disposed at the channel.
[0261] Accordingly, the backlight unit including the first and
second light collecting patterns 142 can improve the contrast ratio
by the effect of local dimming since light with a regulated
luminance value is collected to a selected region without being
diffused to the entire area of the liquid crystal panel.
[0262] FIGS. 29A and 29B are schematic perspective views for
describing a backlight unit according to another aspect of the
present invention. As shown in FIG. 29A, the backlight unit
according to this embodiment is a planar light source device having
a flat lightguide plate, and corresponds to a tandem planar light
source device. The backlight unit of FIG. 29A includes an n number
of LED light sources and an n number of flat lightguide plates.
[0263] The LED light sources each include a plurality of LED
packages 31 arranged in a row on a board 30, and are arranged
parallel to one another. Each of the flat lightguide plates 32 and
35 are arranged at one side of a corresponding one of the n number
of LED light sources.
[0264] The planar light source device having the flat lightguide
plate includes a reflective member (not shown) disposed under the
LED packages 31 and 34 and under the flat lightguide plates 32 and
35 and reflecting light emitted from the LED light sources. Also,
an optical sheet is provided on the flat lightguide plates. The
optical sheet may include, for example, a diffusion sheet diffusing
light, which is emitted toward a liquid crystal panel after being
reflected by the reflective member and refracted by the flat
lightguide plate, in different directions, and a prism sheet
serving to concentrate light having passed through the diffusion
sheet within a frontal viewing angle.
[0265] Specifically, the LED light source includes the plurality of
LED packages each including a top-view LED. The lightguide plates
32 and 35 are flat and, and are disposed in the direction that
light is emitted, and formed of a transparent material that can
transmit light. The flat lightguide plate is simple in shape and
easy to mass-produce, and facilitates the positioning thereof on
the LED light source, as compared to the edge type lightguide
plate.
[0266] The flat lightguide plates 32 and 35 each include a light
incident part on which light emitted from the LED light source is
incident, an emission surface from which light incident from the
LED source travels toward the liquid crystal panel as lighting, and
a front end part opposing the light incident part and having a
thickness smaller than that of the light incident part. The front
end portion of the flat lightguide plate 32 overlaps the LED
package 34. That is, an n+1.sup.th LED light source is placed under
the front end part of an n.sup.th flat lightguide plate. A bottom
surface of the front end part of the flat lightguide plate 32 has a
prism shape.
[0267] As shown in FIG. 29B, light from the LED package 34 is not
emitted directly to the lightguide plate 32, but is scattered and
dispersed by the prism shape provided on the bottom surface of the
front end part of the flat lightguide plate 32. Thus, hot spots on
the lightguide plate on the LED light source can be removed.
[0268] FIG. 30 is a schematic perspective view for describing the
flat lightguide plate of FIG. 29. As shown in FIG. 30, the flat
lightguide plate 40 includes a light incident part onto which light
from the LED light source is made incident, an emission surface 44
emitting light incident through the light incident part 41 toward
the liquid crystal panel as lighting, and a front end part 42
opposing the light incident part 41 and having a section with a
smaller thickness than that of an incident sectional surface of the
light incident part 41.
[0269] The front end part 42 includes a prism shape 43 dispersing a
portion of light from an LED package disposed under the front end
part 42. The prism shape 43 may be at least one of triangular,
conic, and hemispherical prisms that can disperse and scatter
incident light.
[0270] The prism shape of the front end part 42 may be formed over
the entire front end part 42, or partially formed only above the
LED package. The prism shape allows the removal of hot spots on the
lightguide plate on the LED package.
[0271] In the flat lightguide plate according to the present
invention, the prism shape processed on the bottom surface of the
front end part makes it unnecessary to process separate diffusion
and prism sheets between the LED package and the lightguide plate
to disperse hot spots generated on the lightguide plate on the LED
package by a portion of light emitted from the LED package.
[0272] While the present invention has been shown and described in
connection with the exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to
those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be
made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention
as defined by the appended claims.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
[0273] An aspect of the present invention may provide a backlight
unit for an LCD device capable of contributing to manufacturing
thinner and larger products and realizing effective local dimming
by using an LED disposed at an edge of a lightguide plate.
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