U.S. patent application number 11/200460 was filed with the patent office on 2010-12-16 for medical skin applicator apparatus.
Invention is credited to Frank A. JR. Cable, Andrew Fetterroll, Mark Tauer.
Application Number | 20100316430 11/200460 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 37853421 |
Filed Date | 2010-12-16 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100316430 |
Kind Code |
A9 |
Cable; Frank A. JR. ; et
al. |
December 16, 2010 |
MEDICAL SKIN APPLICATOR APPARATUS
Abstract
A medical skin applicator apparatus includes a fluid housing
having a fluid chamber for storing a medical agent and an
applicator coupled to the housing. The fluid housing has a
penetrable wall to permit access to the fluid chamber and release
of the medical agent therefrom. The applicator includes an
applicator surface for applying the medical agent to a patient. The
applicator has a penetrating member adapted to penetrate the
penetrable wall of the fluid housing upon achieving a predetermined
coupled relation of the fluid housing and the applicator, to
thereby permit the medical agent to be dispensed from the fluid
chamber and applied to the patient with the applicator surface.
Inventors: |
Cable; Frank A. JR.;
(Amherst, MA) ; Tauer; Mark; (Belchertown, MA)
; Fetterroll; Andrew; (Chicopee, MA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Tyco Healthcare Group LP;d/b/a Covidien
15 Hampshire Street
Mansfield
MA
02048
US
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Prior
Publication: |
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Document Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20060039742 A1 |
February 23, 2006 |
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Family ID: |
37853421 |
Appl. No.: |
11/200460 |
Filed: |
August 8, 2005 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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60639182 |
Dec 22, 2004 |
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60614503 |
Sep 30, 2004 |
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60599927 |
Aug 9, 2004 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
401/134 ;
401/133; 401/207 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M 35/003
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
401/134 ;
401/133; 401/207 |
International
Class: |
B43K 5/14 20060101
B43K005/14; B43M 11/06 20060101 B43M011/06 |
Claims
1. A medical skin applicator apparatus, which comprises: a fluid
housing having a fluid chamber for storing a medical agent, the
fluid housing having a penetrable wall to permit access to the
fluid chamber and release of the medical agent therefrom; and an
applicator coupled to the fluid housing, the applicator including
an applicator surface for applying the medical agent to a patient,
the applicator having a penetrating member adapted to penetrate the
penetrable wall of the fluid housing upon achieving a predetermined
coupled relation of the fluid housing and the applicator, to
thereby permit the medical agent to be dispensed from the fluid
chamber and applied to the patient with the applicator surface.
2. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 1
wherein the fluid housing is adapted to move relative to the
applicator from a first transit position to a second actuated
position to cause penetration of the penetrating member with the
penetrable wall and to establish the predetermined coupled relation
thereof.
3. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
wherein the fluid housing includes an end cap mounted adjacent the
penetrating wall.
4. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 3
wherein the end cap defines an open portal to permit the
penetrating member to pass therethrough and penetrate the
penetrable wall of the fluid housing upon movement of the fluid
housing to the second actuated position.
5. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 4
wherein the end cap includes at least one retaining member mounted
along an outer surface thereof, the at least one retaining member
being received within a locking recess associated with the
applicator upon movement of the fluid housing to the second
actuated position to retain the fluid housing in the second
actuated position.
6. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 5
wherein the at least one retaining member includes a locking tab,
the locking tab being received within a corresponding channel in
the dispenser, the locking tab adapted to traverse the channel
during movement of the fluid housing to the second actuated
position for reception within the locking recess.
7. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
including means for retaining the fluid housing in the second
actuated position.
8. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
wherein the applicator includes at least two penetrating
members.
9. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 8
wherein a first penetrating member of the at least two penetrating
members is dimensioned and positioned to penetrate the penetrable
wall in a first location to allow egress of the medical agent from
the fluid chamber, and a second penetrating member of the at least
two penetrating members is dimensioned and positioned to penetrate
the penetrable wall in a second location to allow air ingress to
the fluid chamber.
10. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 8
wherein the at least two penetrating members are adapted to divide
the penetrable wall into wall portions.
11. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 10
including four penetrating members adapted to divide the penetrable
wall into quadrant portions.
12. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 10
wherein the at least two penetrating members are coaxially arranged
about an axis and are in spaced relation.
13. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
wherein the penetrating member is arranged in an annular array to
form a substantially annular opening within the penetrable
wall.
14. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 13
including a plurality of penetrating members arranged in the
annular array.
15. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 13
wherein at least one of the fluid housing and the applicator
includes an internal member, the internal member positioned to
engage a wall portion defined within the opening of the penetrable
wall to displace the wall portion during movement of the fluid
housing to the second actuated position.
16. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 15
wherein the internal member is an internal wall within the fluid
housing, the internal wall extending in a general longitudinal
direction and positioned to rotate the wall portion of the
penetrable wall during movement of the fluid housing to the second
actuated position thereof.
17. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 16
including an internal wall within the applicator, the internal wall
extending in a general longitudinal direction and within annular
array and positioned to cooperate with the internal wall of the
fluid housing to rotate the penetrable wall.
18. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
wherein the applicator includes an applicator frame and an
absorbent member mounted to a lower surface of the applicator
frame.
19. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 18
wherein the applicator includes a relative enlarged section and a
relative narrow prow section depending from the enlarged
section.
20. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 19
wherein the prow section includes opposed generally concave
surfaces extending to a leading surface which interconnects the
concave surfaces.
21. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 20
wherein the leading surface is generally arcuate.
22. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 19
wherein the enlarged section includes opposed generally convex
surfaces extending from a trailing surface which interconnects the
convex surfaces.
23. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 18
wherein the applicator defines a complex curve configuration in
plan, the complex curve configuration including a pair of opposed
generally convex surfaces and a pair of opposed generally concave
surfaces extending contiguously from the convex surfaces to a
leading surface.
24. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
wherein the fluid housing is adapted for longitudinal movement to
move from the first transit position to the second actuated
position.
25. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 24
wherein the fluid housing is adapted for rotational movement
relative to the applicator to release the fluid housing to permit
movement thereof toward the second actuated position.
26. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 24
wherein one of the fluid housing and the applicator includes a
locking tab and the other of the fluid housing and the applicator
include a locking recess for cooperating with the locking tab to
selectively lock the fluid housing and the applicator in the second
actuated position.
27. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 24
further including an outer housing for at least partially
accommodating the fluid housing, the outer housing mountable to the
applicator.
28. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 27
wherein the fluid housing is adapted for longitudinal movement
within the outer housing.
29. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 28
including a manually engageable member connected to the fluid
housing and extending beyond the outer housing, the manually
engageable member being depressible to cause longitudinal movement
of the fluid housing to the second actuated position.
30. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 29
wherein the manually engageable member includes a locking member,
the locking member being received within a corresponding locking
recess in the outer housing to releasably retain the fluid housing
in the first transit position.
31. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 30
wherein the locking member of the manually engageable member
includes a deflectable tab, the deflectable tab being movable from
the locking recess to release the manually engageable member and
permit movement of the fluid housing to the second position
thereof.
32. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 31
including means for securing the fluid housing in the second
position.
33. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 32
wherein the outer housing includes a locking recess adapted to
receive the deflectable tab to secure the fluid housing in the
second position.
34. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 16
wherein the applicator frame includes a conduit for passage of the
medical agent from the fluid chamber to the absorbent member.
35. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 34
wherein the applicator frame includes a plurality of channels on
the lower surface thereof in communication with the conduit, the
channels for conveying fluid along the lower surface and to the
absorbent member.
36. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 35
wherein the applicator frame includes a plurality of arcuate
channels defined in the lower surface thereof and in communication
within the conduit for conveying fluid to the absorbent member.
37. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 36
wherein at least two of the arcuate channels are in general
concentric arrangement.
38. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 35
wherein the channels of the applicator frame are in intersecting
relation.
39. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 38
wherein the channels define a general grid pattern on the lower
surface of the applicator frame.
40. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 38
wherein the applicator frame includes first and second
substantially linear channels in the lower surface thereof and in
intersecting relation, and in communication with the conduit for
conveying fluid to the absorbent member.
41. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 36
wherein the applicator frame includes a plurality of arcuate
channels in the lower surface thereof and in fluid communication
with the linear channels.
42. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 34
wherein the applicator frame includes an enlarged opening extending
through a lower surface thereof and in communication with the
conduit, the opening for conveying fluid to the absorbent
member.
43. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 42
wherein the applicator frame includes a supplemental channel
adjacent the enlarged opening and in communication with the
conduit, the supplemental channel to facilitate dispensing of the
medical agent.
44. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 43
including first and second supplemental channels adjacent forward
and rear ends of the applicator frame and in communication with the
conduit for facilitating dispensing of the medical fluid.
45. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 16
wherein the absorbent member includes at least one slit defined
therein.
46. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 45
wherein the at least one slit is adapted to assume a substantially
open condition upon application of pressure to the absorbent member
to permit passage of the medical agent and assume a substantially
closed condition in the absence of pressure to the absorbent member
substantially preventing the medical agent to pass
therethrough.
47. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 46
wherein the absorbent member includes a plurality of spaced
slits.
48. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 16
wherein the absorbent member includes a recessed channel defined in
a lower surface thereof, the channel adapted to facilitate passage
of the medical agent therethrough.
49. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
wherein the penetrable wall includes one of a metal and a polymeric
member connected to the fluid housing.
50. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 49
wherein the penetrable wall includes a foil liner, the foil liner
attached to the fluid housing.
51. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 4
wherein the penetrable wall includes a foil liner, the foil liner
attached to the fluid housing.
52. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 51
wherein the foil liner is attached to the fluid housing and to the
end cap.
53. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 1
wherein the fluid housing is arranged about a first longitudinal
axis and the applicator is arranged about a second longitudinal
axis displaced from the first longitudinal axis in a direction
perpendicular to the applicator surface.
54. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 53
wherein the first axis of the fluid housing is in general parallel
relation to the second axis of the applicator.
55. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
wherein the fluid housing is compressible.
56. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 2
including a dye positioned relative to the fluid housing, the dye
contacting the medical agent upon release of the medical agent from
the internal chamber of the fluid housing.
57. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 56
wherein the dye is stored within the fluid housing in isolated
relation from the medical agent whereby upon movement to the second
actuated position, the penetrating member penetrates the penetrable
wall to permit release of the medical agent and contact thereof
with the dye.
58. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 57
wherein the fluid housing includes a second penetrable wall distal
of the first-mentioned penetrable wall and having the dye stored
therebetween whereby upon movement of the fluid housing to the
second actuated position, the penetrating member penetrates the
first mentioned penetrable wall and the second penetrable wall to
permit respective release of the medical agent and the dye.
59. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 29
wherein the manually engageable member includes a locking tab
releasably mounted thereto, the locking tab selectively securing
the fluid housing in the first transit position and being removable
to permit the manually engageable member to be advanced to move the
fluid housing to the second actuated position.
60. A medical skin applicator apparatus, which comprises: a fluid
housing defining a longitudinal axis and having a fluid chamber for
storing and selectively releasing a medical agent; and an
applicator coupled to the fluid housing, the applicator including
an applicator surface in fluid communication with the fluid chamber
for applying the medical agent to a patient, the applicator surface
defining an asymmetric configuration characterized by having a
relatively enlarged portion and a relatively narrowed portion
extending from the enlarged portion.
61. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 60
wherein the relatively narrowed portion includes opposed generally
concave surfaces extending to a leading surface which interconnects
the concave surfaces.
62. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 61
wherein the leading surface is generally arcuate.
63. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 60
wherein the enlarged section includes opposed generally convex
surfaces extending from a trailing surface which interconnects the
convex surfaces.
64. The medical skin applicator apparatus according to claim 60
wherein the applicator defines a complex curve configuration in
plan, the complex curve configuration including a pair of opposed
generally convex surfaces and a pair of opposed generally concave
surfaces extending contiguously from the convex surfaces to a
leading surface.
65. A method of using the medical skin applicator apparatus,
comprising the steps of: providing an applicator having a fluid
housing that defines a fluid chamber and an applicator member for
dispensing the fluid; and actuating the applicator with a single
hand to facilitate fluid communication between the chamber and the
applicator member.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of provisional
application Ser. No. 60/599,927, entitled "Skin Applicator", filed
Aug. 9, 2004, and provisional application Ser. No. 60/614,503,
entitled "Skin Applicator", filed Sep. 30, 2004, and provisional
application Ser. No. 60/637,182, entitled "Skin Applicator", filed
Dec. 22, 2004, the entire contents of each of these provisional
applications being incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to medical skin
applicators, and more particularly, to a skin applicator apparatus
adapted to uniformally and consistently dispense sterilizing fluid
to a skin surface of a patient.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] Many medical procedures involve application of medicines,
sterilizing fluids, antiseptics, gels, agents or other materials to
portions of the body, such as the skin, for preparation, treatment,
etc. Such medicines, sterilizing fluids, agents are typically
transferred to the skin via an applicator. Conventional liquid
applicators incorporate a glass ampoule or plastic blow-molded
bottles for storing the liquid and a mechanism for fracturing the
ampoule to release the stored liquid. The released liquid contacts
a swab, foam pad or tip for application to the skin.
[0006] However, numerous problems are encountered with applicators
of this type. Fracture of the glass ampoule generates shards within
the applicator that may pose risks to a patient. Attempts to
overcome these potential risks include devices that employ screens
or foam to contain the glass shards. However, there still exists a
possibility of introducing these shards into the fluid pathway,
which poses an unacceptable and unnecessary risk to the
patient.
[0007] Another drawback of the above mentioned devices is the
permeation of certain gases through the seals of bottles as well as
the plastic of the bottle. Ethylene oxide (EO) migrates through
most plastics at the thicknesses used for blow molding containers
(0.040'' or less) and forms toxic by-products when allowed to react
with certain antiseptic products, most notably chlorhexidine
gluconate (CHG). Manufacturers have devised methods to eliminate
permeation such as packaging in glass ampoules or by employing
plastics with gas barrier properties such as polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). PET greatly reduces permeation when a
sufficient cross-section is provided in the package; however the
current devices employ blow molded containers in combination with
conventional caps. The caps therefore become the weakest part of
these systems and oftentimes leak due to inconsistent sealings
(PET/foil) or due to cap loosening due to the pressure imparted
during the EO sterilization process.
[0008] The current devices mentioned above employ either a glass
blow or molded plastic container with a thickness of or less than
0.030''. This minimal thickness allows for considerable permeation
of EO through the wall of the container during sterilization.
Additionally, the current devices use blow-molded containers that
during manufacture are pinched off at the openings or cut via a
spindle and knife apparatus. The result is a sharp, uneven and
irregular top surface to the container, which is problematic when a
seal is applied to the non-uniform surface and an irregular seal is
formed.
[0009] Additionally, current container designs utilize
conventional, single weld innerseals as a means of sealing the
bottle contents. The size of the bottle cap and force with which it
is tightened on the bottle therefore becomes critical to
maintenance of the force needed to mechanically reinforce the foil
over time. The loosening of the cap is a common failure and
oftentimes results in leakage of the bottle contents--especially
when the system is pressurized or is required to remain in storage
for long periods prior to use.
[0010] Finally current devices suffer from control of the contained
fluid due to their design. Ampulized applicators rely upon low
viscosity fluid of less than 200 centipoise due to the small
orifice associated with the ampule after fracture. Fluids of higher
viscosity do not readily flow out of standard ampule designs when
inverted. These lower viscosity fluids however require metering
features within the applicator, especially when smaller (less than
4 sq. in.) sponges are used. Inevitably these lower viscosity
fluids result in loss of fluid control once dispensed to the
patient's skin which poses an unnecessary risk of fire due to the
associated pooling of alcohol within surgical drapes.
[0011] Alternate embodiments have attempted to address this issue
by adding gel components into the antiseptic resulting in a 100
fold increase in the viscosity (2,000 centipoise) or higher. These
devices suffer an inability of the fluid to migrate to the sponge
dispensing means.
[0012] Therefore it would be highly desirable to overcome these
disadvantages relating to fluid control and viscosity with a device
that contained an antiseptic that would flow readily under gravity
(400-700 centipoise) thereby eliminating the need for compression
of the handle element in combination with an absorbent member,
e.g., sponge design, that contained sufficient fluid capacity such
that little to no pooling of the antiseptic fluid would result.
[0013] Therefore, it would be desirable to overcome the
disadvantages and drawbacks of the prior art with a medical skin
applicator including a fluid container having a penetrable surface
that is engageable with a piercing member to facilitate fluid
communication with a dispensing member of the skin applicator
thereby enabling preparation and treatment of a skin surface of a
patient. It would be desirable if the skin applicator can be
disposed in an inverted orientation during use. Such a skin
applicator may also accommodate multiple combinations of
sterilizing agents and applicator head designs. It would be highly
desirable if the medical skin applicator and its constituent parts
are easily and efficiently manufactured and assembled.
SUMMARY
[0014] In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
disclosure, a medical skin applicator apparatus includes a fluid
housing having a fluid chamber for storing a medical agent, and a
penetrable wall to permit access to the fluid chamber and release
of the medical agent therefrom, and an applicator coupled to the
fluid housing. The applicator includes an applicator surface for
applying the medical agent to a patient. The applicator has a
penetrating member adapted to penetrate the penetrable wall of the
fluid housing upon achieving a predetermined coupled relation of
the fluid housing and the applicator, to thereby permit the medical
agent to be dispensed from the fluid chamber and applied to the
patient with the applicator surface. The fluid housing is adapted
to move relative to the applicator from a first transit position to
a second actuated position to cause penetration of the penetrating
member with the penetrable wall and to establish the predetermined
coupled relation thereof.
[0015] The fluid housing may include an end cap mounted adjacent
the penetrating wall. The end cap preferably defines an open portal
to permit the penetrating member to pass therethrough and penetrate
the penetrable wall of the fluid housing upon movement of the fluid
housing to the second actuated position. The end cap may include at
least one retaining member mounted along an outer surface thereof.
The at least one retaining member is received within a locking
recess associated with the applicator upon movement of the fluid
housing to the second actuated position to retain the fluid housing
in the second actuated position. The at least one retaining member
includes a locking tab which is received within a corresponding
channel in the dispenser. The locking tab is adapted to traverse
the channel during movement of the fluid housing to the second
actuated position for reception within the locking recess.
Additional means for retaining the fluid housing in the second
actuated position is also envisioned.
[0016] The applicator may include at least two penetrating members.
A first penetrating member is dimensioned and positioned to
penetrate the penetrable wall in a first location to allow egress
of the medical agent from the fluid chamber. A second penetrating
member of the at least two penetrating members is dimensioned and
positioned to penetrate the penetrable wall in a second location
spaced from the first location to allow air ingress to the fluid
chamber. In the alternative, the at least two penetrating members
are adapted to divide the penetrable wall into wall portions. The
at least two penetrating members may be coaxially arranged about an
axis in spaced relation. Four penetrating members are provided to
divide the penetrable wall into quadrant portions. In a further
alternative, the penetrating member is arranged in an annular array
of, e.g., a plurality of penetrating members to form a
substantially annular opening within the penetrable wall.
[0017] In one preferred embodiment, at least one of the fluid
housing and the applicator includes an internal member. The
internal member is positioned to engage a wall portion defined
within the opening of the penetrable wall to displace the wall
portion during movement of the fluid housing to the second actuated
position. The internal member is an internal wall within the fluid
housing. The internal wall extends in a general longitudinal
direction and is positioned to rotate the wall portion of the
penetrable wall during movement of the fluid housing to the second
actuated position thereof. Preferably, an internal wall is also
within the applicator. The internal wall extends in a general
longitudinal direction and within the annular array, and is
positioned to cooperate with the internal wall of the fluid housing
to rotate the penetrable wall.
[0018] The applicator includes an applicator frame and an absorbent
member mounted to a lower surface of the applicator frame. The
applicator includes a relative enlarged section and a relative
narrow prow section depending from the enlarged section. The prow
section includes opposed generally concave surfaces extending to a
leading surface which interconnects the concave surfaces. The
leading surface is preferably arcuate. The enlarged section
includes opposed generally convex surfaces extending from a
trailing surface which interconnects the convex surfaces.
Alternatively, the applicator defines a complex curve configuration
in plan. The complex curve configuration includes a pair of opposed
generally convex surfaces and a pair of opposed generally concave
surfaces extending contiguously from the convex surfaces to a
leading surface.
[0019] The fluid housing is preferably adapted for longitudinal
movement to move from the first transit position to the second
actuated position. The fluid housing may also be adapted for
rotational movement relative to the applicator to release the fluid
housing to permit movement thereof toward the second actuated
position. One of the fluid housing and the applicator may include a
locking tab and the other of the fluid housing and the applicator
include a locking recess for cooperating with the locking tab to
selectively lock the fluid housing and the applicator in the second
actuated position.
[0020] An outer housing may be provided for at least partially
accommodating the fluid housing. The outer housing is mountable to
the applicator. The fluid housing is adapted for longitudinal
movement within the outer housing. A manually engageable member is
connected to the fluid housing and extends beyond the outer
housing. The manually engageable member is depressible to cause
longitudinal movement of the fluid housing to the second actuated
position. The manually engageable member may include a locking
member which is received within a corresponding locking recess in
the outer housing to releasably retain the fluid housing in the
first transit position. The locking member of the manually
engageable member may include a deflectable tab. The deflectable
tab is movable from the locking recess to release the manually
engageable member and permit movement of the fluid housing to the
second position thereof. Means for securing the fluid housing in
the second position is also provided. In one arrangement, the outer
housing includes a locking recess adapted to receive the
deflectable tab to secure the fluid housing in the second
position.
[0021] In another preferred embodiment, the manually engageable
member includes a locking tab releasably mounted thereto. The
locking tab selectively secures the fluid housing in the first
transit position and is removable to permit the manually engageable
member to be advanced to move the fluid housing to the second
actuated position.
[0022] In another preferred embodiment, the applicator frame of the
applicator includes a conduit for passage of the medical agent from
the fluid chamber to the absorbent member. The applicator frame
includes a plurality of channels on the lower surface thereof in
communication with the conduit. The channels are dimensioned to
convey fluid along the lower surface and to the absorbent member.
The applicator frame may include a plurality of arcuate channels
defined in the lower surface thereof and in communication within
the conduit for conveying fluid to the absorbent member. At least
two of the arcuate channels are in general concentric arrangement.
Alternatively, the channels of the applicator frame are in
intersecting relation. The channels may define a general grid
pattern on the lower surface of the applicator frame. As a further
alternative, the applicator frame includes first and second
substantially linear channels in the lower surface thereof and in
intersecting relation, and in communication with the conduit for
conveying fluid to the absorbent member.
[0023] The applicator frame preferably includes an enlarged opening
extending through a lower surface thereof and in communication with
the conduit. The opening conveys fluid to the absorbent member. A
supplemental channel may be adjacent the enlarged opening and in
communication with the conduit. The supplemental channel
facilitates dispensing of the medical agent. Preferably, first and
second supplemental channels are adjacent forward and rear ends of
the applicator frame and in communication with the conduit for
facilitating dispensing of the medical fluid. The first and/or
second channels may serve as vents for release of air captured
within the absorbent member.
[0024] The absorbent member may include at least one slit defined
therein. The at least one slit is adapted to assume a substantially
open condition upon application of pressure to the absorbent member
to permit passage of the medical agent and assume a substantially
closed condition in the absence of pressure to the absorbent member
substantially preventing the medical agent to pass therethrough.
Preferably, the absorbent member includes a plurality of spaced
slits. Alternatively, the absorbent member includes a recessed
channel defined in a lower surface thereof adapted to facilitate
passage of the medical agent therethrough.
[0025] The penetrable wall may include one of a metal and a
polymeric member connected to the fluid housing. Preferably, the
penetrable wall includes a foil liner which is attached to the
fluid housing. The foil liner may be attached to the fluid housing
and to the end cap.
[0026] In one preferred embodiment, the outer housing and the fluid
housing are arranged about a first longitudinal axis and the
applicator is arranged about a second longitudinal axis displaced
from the first longitudinal axis in a direction perpendicular to
the applicator surface. The first axis of the fluid housing
preferably is in general parallel relation to the second axis of
the applicator.
[0027] A dye may positioned relative to the fluid housing. The dye
contacts the medical agent upon release of the medical agent from
the internal chamber of the fluid housing. The dye may be stored
within the fluid housing in isolated relation from the medical
agent whereby upon movement to the second actuated position, the
penetrating member penetrates the penetrable wall to permit release
of the medical agent and contact thereof with the dye. The fluid
housing may include a second penetrable wall distal of the
first-mentioned penetrable wall and having the dye stored
therebetween whereby upon movement of the fluid housing to the
second actuated position, the penetrating member penetrates the
first mentioned penetrable wall and the second penetrable wall to
permit respective release of the medical agent and the dye.
[0028] In another preferred embodiment, a medical skin applicator
apparatus includes a fluid housing defining a longitudinal axis and
having a fluid chamber for storing and selectively releasing a
medical agent, and an applicator coupled to the fluid housing. The
applicator includes an applicator surface in fluid communication
with the fluid chamber for applying the medical agent to a patient.
The applicator surface defines a configuration characterized by
having a relatively enlarged portion and a relatively narrowed
portion extending from the enlarged portion. The relatively
narrowed portion includes opposed generally concave surfaces
extending to a leading surface which interconnects the concave
surfaces. The leading surface may be generally arcuate. The
enlarged section includes opposed generally convex surfaces
extending from a trailing surface which interconnects the convex
surfaces. In the alternative, the applicator defines a complex
curve configuration in plan. The complex curve configuration
includes a pair of opposed generally convex surfaces and a pair of
opposed generally concave surfaces extending contiguously from the
convex surfaces to a leading surface.
[0029] A method of using a medical skin applicator apparatus is
also disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing an
applicator having a fluid housing that defines a fluid chamber and
an applicator member for dispensing the fluid and actuating the
applicator with a single hand to facilitate fluid communication
between the chamber and the applicator member.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] The objects and features of the present disclosure are set
forth with particularity in the appended claims. The present
disclosure, both as to its organization and manner of operation,
together with further objectives and advantages, may be best
understood by reference to the following description, taken in
connection with the accompanying drawings, as set forth below,
wherein:
[0031] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a medical skin applicator
apparatus in accordance with the principles of the present
disclosure illustrating the fluid container assembly and the
applicator head assembly;
[0032] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 1;
[0033] FIG. 3 is a side plan view of the skin applicator apparatus
illustrating the fluid container assembly in a first transit
position;
[0034] FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the skin applicator
apparatus;
[0035] FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating the end
cap mounted to the fluid housing of the fluid container
assembly;
[0036] FIG. 6 is an enlarged side plan view illustrating the
locking tabs of the end cap mounted within axial channels of the
applicator head assembly;
[0037] FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating mounting of the
end cap within the applicator frame of the applicator head
assembly;
[0038] FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view in cross section
illustrating the relationship of the end cap and the penetrating
members of the applicator head assembly;
[0039] FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating the lower surface of the
applicator frame of the applicator head assembly;
[0040] FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating the configuration of the
applicator member of the applicator head assembly;
[0041] FIG. 11 is a side plan view similar to the view of FIG. 3
illustrating the fluid container assembly in a second actuated
position;
[0042] FIG. 12 is a view similar to the view of FIG. 6 illustrating
the locking tabs of the end cap secured within the locking recesses
of the applicator head assembly when the fluid container assembly
is in the second actuated position;
[0043] FIG. 13 is a view similar to the view of FIG. 8 illustrating
the penetrating members piercing the end cap when the fluid
container assembly is in the second actuated position;
[0044] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the fluid container
assembly illustrating the drainage apertures formed in the liner of
the end cap when in the second actuated position;
[0045] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the
skin applicator apparatus of the present disclosure;
[0046] FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 15;
[0047] FIG. 17 is a side plan view of the skin applicator apparatus
of FIG. 15 illustrating the fluid housing assembly in a first
transit position thereof;
[0048] FIG. 18 is a side cross-sectional view of the skin
applicator apparatus in the first transit position;
[0049] FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the end cap;
[0050] FIG. 20 is a bottom plan view of the applicator frame of the
applicator head assembly;
[0051] FIG. 21 is a side plan view similar to the view of FIG. 17
illustrating the fluid housing assembly in a second actuated
position thereof;
[0052] FIG. 22 is a side plan view of another alternate embodiment
of the skin applicator apparatus of the present disclosure;
[0053] FIG. 23 is an exploded view of the skin applicator apparatus
of FIG. 22;
[0054] FIG. 24 is a side plan view of the skin applicator apparatus
in a second actuated position;
[0055] FIG. 25 is a side plan view of another alternate embodiment
of the skin applicator apparatus of the present disclosure
illustrating the fluid housing in the first transit position;
[0056] FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 25;
[0057] FIG. 27 is a side plan view illustrating rotation of the
fluid housing to release the fluid housing from the first transit
position;
[0058] FIG. 28 is a side plan view of the skin applicator apparatus
illustrating the fluid housing in a second actuated position;
[0059] FIG. 29 is a perspective view of another alternate
embodiment of the skin applicator apparatus of the present
disclosure;
[0060] FIG. 30 is a side plan view of the skin applicator apparatus
of FIG. 29 illustrating the fluid container assembly in the first
transit position;
[0061] FIG. 31 is an exploded perspective view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 29;
[0062] FIG. 32 is a side cross-sectional view of the proximal end
of the skin applicator apparatus illustrating the relationship of
the locking lever and the release lever of the outer housing and
the housing extension;
[0063] FIG. 33 is a side cross-sectional view of the distal end of
the applicator apparatus;
[0064] FIG. 34 is a side plan view of the fluid housing and the end
cap;
[0065] FIG. 35 is an axial view of the fluid housing and the end
cap;
[0066] FIG. 36 is a perspective view in cross-section of the
applicator frame and absorbent member of the applicator head
assembly;
[0067] FIGS. 37-38 are additional perspective views of the
applicator frame;
[0068] FIG. 39 is a bottom plan view of the applicator
apparatus;
[0069] FIG. 40 is a side cross-sectional view similar to the view
of FIG. 32 illustrating release of the locking lever and movement
of the housing extension and the fluid housing to the second
actuated position;
[0070] FIG. 41 is a side cross-sectional view similar to the view
of FIG. 33 illustrating the relationship of the components
subsequent to movement to the second actuated position;
[0071] FIG. 42 is a perspective view of the fluid housing and liner
subsequent to movement to the second actuated position;
[0072] FIG. 43 is an enlarged perspective view of the pierced
liner;
[0073] FIG. 44 is a side plan view of another alternate embodiment
of the skin applicator apparatus of the present disclosure;
[0074] FIG. 45 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the
fluid housing in the first transit position;
[0075] FIG. 46 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the
fluid housing in the second actuated position;
[0076] FIG. 47 is a perspective view of another alternate
embodiment of the skin applicator apparatus of the present
disclosure;
[0077] FIG. 48 is a side cross-sectional view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 47;
[0078] FIG. 49 is a partial side cross-sectional view of another
embodiment of the skin applicator apparatus of the present
disclosure;
[0079] FIG. 50 is an exploded perspective view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 49;
[0080] FIG. 51 is a perspective view in partial cross-section of
another embodiment of the skin applicator apparatus of the present
disclosure;
[0081] FIG. 52 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of
the skin applicator apparatus of the present disclosure where
applicator frame has a circular array of penetrating members;
[0082] FIG. 53 is a side cross-sectional view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 52 in the first transit position
thereof;
[0083] FIG. 54 is a side cross-sectional view of the skin
applicator apparatus in the second actuated position;
[0084] FIG. 55 is a side plan view of another alternate embodiment
of the skin applicator apparatus of the present disclosure.
[0085] FIG. 56 is an exploded perspective view of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 55;
[0086] FIG. 57 is another plan view of the skin applicator
apparatus of FIG. 55; and
[0087] FIG. 58 is a perspective view of the end cap of the skin
applicator apparatus of FIG. 55.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0088] The exemplary embodiments of the medical skin applicator
apparatus and use(s) thereof are discussed in terms of medical skin
applicators employed during medical procedures that involve
application of sterilizing fluids, gels or agents to the skin of a
body for preparation, treatment, etc. The skin applicator apparatus
is advantageously configured to facilitate fluid communication of
the sterilizing fluids with a skin contacting member or dispensing
member of the skin applicator apparatus thereby enabling
preparation and treatment of a skin surface of a patient. It is
envisioned that the skin applicator apparatus may be employed in a
range of medical procedures, such as, for example, surgical,
diagnostic and related treatments of diseases and body ailments of
a subject. It is further envisioned that the principles relating to
the skin applicator apparatus disclosed include application of
various agents to a body, such as, for example, medications and
other fluids.
[0089] In the discussion that follows, the term "proximal" will
refer to the portion of a structure that is closer to a
practitioner, while the term "distal" will refer to the portion
that is further from the practitioner or user. As used herein, the
term "subject" refers to a human patient or other animal. According
to the present disclosure, the term "practitioner" or "user" refers
typically to a doctor, nurse or other care provider and may include
support personnel.
[0090] The following discussion includes descriptions of the
various embodiments of the skin applicator apparatus in accordance
with the principles of the present disclosure followed by a
description of uses of the apparatus.
[0091] Referring now to the drawings wherein like components are
designated by like references throughout the several views, FIGS.
1-3, in conjunction with the cross-sectional view of FIG. 4,
illustrate the medical skin applicator apparatus in accordance with
the principle of the present disclosure. Apparatus 100 includes two
main assemblies, namely, fluid container assembly 102 and
applicator head assembly 104 which is connected to the fluid
container assembly 102. In general, fluid container assembly 102 is
adapted for movement relative to applicator head assembly 104 from
a first transit position to a second actuated position to dispense
a medical agent or fluid for application to a patient. Fluid
container assembly 102 includes fluid housing 106 defining housing
axis "x", and end cap 108 which is releasably mountable to the
fluid housing 106. Fluid housing 106 defines internal chamber 106a
(FIG. 4) which is filled with a medicant, cleaning solution or the
like. Such medicants are inclusive of antiseptic solutions,
sterilizing solutions, etc., in liquid or in gel form. One suitable
sterilization fluid is the sterilized liquid made under the
tradename, Excel-AP, manufactured by Aplicare, Branford Conn. This
liquid is comprised of 7.5% w/w available Iodine, 64.5% w/w
Isopropanol and 25.3% USP sterile water among other proprietary
ingredients.
[0092] Fluid housing 106 further defines handle section 110,
cylindrical section 112 disposed distal of the handle section 110
and nipple section 114. Handle section 110 has a scalloped
undersurface for facilitating gripping engagement by the user,
specifically, with a single hand of the user. Cylindrical section
112 includes outer circumferential rib 116 defined at the juncture
of the cylindrical section 112 and handle section 110.
Circumferential 116 serves as a stop to properly position fluid
container assembly 102 relative to applicator head assembly 104
upon actuation of apparatus 100. Nipple section 114 incorporates
external thread 118.
[0093] Fluid housing 106, particularly, handle section 110, may be
fabricated from a suitable flexible material to permit the handle
section 110 to be compressed to expel the fluid. In one preferred
embodiment, fluid housing 106 is fabricated from a suitable
polymeric material such as polypropylene and is manufactured via
conventional injection molding techniques. Other elastomeric
materials are also envisioned.
[0094] Fluid housing 106 also includes a penetrable wall or surface
in the form of, e.g., seal or liner 120, connected to the distal
end surface of nipple section 114. Liner 120 may be a metallic or a
polymeric material, and is attached to fluid housing 106 subsequent
to filling the housing 106 with the medical liquid. In one
preferred embodiment, liner 120 is a foil liner which is induction
sealed to nipple 114 of fluid housing 106. In the alternative,
liner 120 may be secured within end cap 108 and adapted to seal
nipple 114 when the end cap 108 is mounted to fluid housing 106.
Liner 120 may also be a double ply liner with one ply attached to
end cap 108 and the other ply attached to nipple 114. In the
alternative, liner 120 may be a spin welded plastic cap having a
thin wall which is joined to nipple 114 via a spin weld or the
like. A plastic cap may be required with antiseptic solutions
containing alcohol. The plastic cap may have a selected notched
geometry that provides a fracture point for the sharp point of the
penetrating member to reduce the required puncture bore. Upon
actuation of apparatus 100, liner 120 is punctured to permit
release of the medical agent or liquid from fluid housing 106.
[0095] With reference now to FIGS. 4-5, in conjunction with FIG. 2,
end cap 108 of fluid container assembly 102 will be discussed. End
cap 108 is generally cylindrical in configuration and defines outer
wall 122 and annular flange 124 disposed at the distal end of the
outer wall in transverse relation to housing axis "x". Outer wall
122 incorporates a pair of axial guide ribs 126 disposed in
diametrically opposed relation and extending along the axis "x" of
fluid housing 106. Guide ribs 126 orient end cap 108 at a
predetermined rotational position relative to applicator head
assembly 104 and/or prevent the end cap 108 from rotating within
applicator head assembly 104 upon assembly. Outer wall 122 of end
cap 108 further possesses a pair of locking tabs 128 arranged in
diametrical opposed relation approximately 90.degree. displaced
from guide ribs 126. Locking tabs 128 are each in the shape of a
baseball plate having a leading v-shaped head with angled side
surfaces 130 and transverse surface 132 contiguously extending from
the v-shaped head. Locking tabs 128 secure fluid container assembly
102 in the second actuated position.
[0096] Annular flange 124 of end cap 108 defines central opening
132 which permits access to liner 120 attached to fluid housing
106. Annual flange 124 has peripheral rib 134 disposed about the
periphery of the flange 124. Peripheral rib 134 extends a
predetermined distance along the housing axis "x" and cooperates
with corresponding structure within applicator head assembly 102 to
form a fluid tight seal within apparatus 100 when the apparatus 100
is actuated. End cap 108 further defines internal thread 136.
Internal thread 136 cooperates with external thread 118 of fluid
housing 106 to mount the end cap 108 to the fluid housing 106.
[0097] Referring now to FIGS. 2-4, and the enlarged views of FIGS.
6-7, applicator head assembly 104 will be discussed. Applicator
head assembly 104 includes applicator frame 138 and applicator
member 140 (in the form of an absorbent member) which is mounted to
the applicator frame 138. Applicator frame 138 incorporates housing
support collar 142 at is proximal end and cap support collar 144
disposed distal of the housing support collar 142. Housing support
collar 142 defines an internal cavity having a diameter which
approximates the diameter of cylindrical section 112 of fluid
housing 106 to receive the cylindrical section 112 during assembly.
Similarly, cap support collar 144 defines an internal diameter or
dimension which corresponds to the diameter of end cap 108. As
depicted in FIGS. 6-7, cap support collar 144 further includes at
least one, preferably, a pair of diametrically opposed axial
channels 146 extending completely through its outer wall and
longitudinal relief slots 148 on opposed sides of each axial
channel 146. Axial channel 146 is defined by opposed cam surfaces
150 which extend in oblique relation to the housing axis "x" and
terminate in locking recess 152. Axial channels 146 receive locking
tabs 128 of end cap 108 and permit the locking tabs 128 to traverse
the channels 146 during actuation of apparatus 10. The
functionality of axial channels 146 and longitudinal slots 148 will
be discussed in greater detail hereinbelow.
[0098] As best depicted in FIG. 7, cap support collar 144 further
defines internal longitudinal grooves 154. Internal grooves 154
receive axial guide ribs 126 of end cap 108, which traverse the
internal grooves 154 during actuation of the apparatus 108.
Internal grooves 154 and axial guide ribs rotatably fix fluid
container assembly 102 within applicator head assembly 104. Cap
support collar 144 further defines annual groove 156 within the
internal cavity of the support collar 144. Annual groove 156 is
arranged in opposed relation to peripheral rib 134 of end cap 108
to receive the peripheral rib 134 during actuation of apparatus
100. Annular groove 156 and peripheral rib 134 are appropriately
dimensioned to form a seal within the internal cavity of cap
support collar 144 during actuation of the apparatus to
substantially minimize migration of fluids back toward fluid
housing 106.
[0099] Referring now to FIG. 8, applicator frame 138 further
defines a pair of piercing members or spikes 158 disposed within
the interior of cap support collar 144. Piercing members 158 define
sharpened tips which penetrate liner 120 during actuation of
apparatus 100. Piercing members 158 are preferably spaced as shown.
Two piercing members 158 are shown, however, it is appreciated that
more or less than two piercing members 158 may be provided and
still achieve the objectives of the present disclosure.
[0100] Referring now to FIGS. 8-9, applicator frame 138 further
includes throat 160 and applicator support plate 162 extending from
the throat 160. Throat 160 defines internal bore 160b through which
the medical agent or fluid released from fluid housing 106 flows to
applicator member 140. Applicator support plate 162 supports
applicator member 140. Support plate 162 includes central aperture
164 which is in communication with internal bore 160a of throat 160
and first and second channels 166, 168 disposed on the lower
surface of the support plate (FIG. 9). Central aperture 164 is
dimensioned to permit a relatively large volume of the medical
agent or fluid to be dispersed therefrom and communicated through
first and second channels 166, 168. First channel 166 extends in a
general longitudinal direction and second channel 168 extends in
transverse relation to the first channel 166. First channel 166
defines an enlarged width relative to second channel 168 and
permits a sufficient volume of medical fluid to communicate with
the extreme outer portions, i.e., the leading and trailing ends of,
applicator frame 138. Applicator frame 138 may further define a
plurality of radial or arcuate grooves 170 generally arranged in
the concentric relation shown. Arcuate grooves 170 are in fluid
communication with first and second channels 166, 168. Arcuate
grooves 170 distribute the medical agent to substantially the
entire surface of support plate 160 for delivery to applicator
member 140. In this regard, the medical agent is uniformly applied
to applicator member 140 through the fluid manifold defined within
support plate 162 inclusive of first and second channels 166, 168,
arcuate grooves 170 and central aperture 164, which consequently
results in uniform application to the patient.
[0101] Applicator member 140 is mounted to support plate 162.
Applicator member 140 preferably includes an absorbent member in
the form of an open cell, reticulated urethane foam, 75+/-10
pores/inch (ppi). Applicator member 140 may be adhered to support
plate 160 with adhesives, welding or the like. Applicator member
140 is configured for transmission of the medical agent dispensed
from fluid container assembly 102. The volume of absorbent member
of applicator member 140 is proportioned to contain the full
contents of the fluid container thereby acting as a fluid reservoir
during application to the patient's skin. This capacity is used to
control fluid release and minimize pooling of the antiseptic on the
patient's skin.
[0102] As best depicted in FIG. 10 applicator member 140 defines a
general tear-drop shaped or dolphin nosed configuration when viewed
in plan. In particular, support plate 160 and applicator member 140
define an enlarged section 172 and an elongated neck or prow
section 174 depending from the enlarged section 172. Enlarged
section 172 is envisioned to facilitate application of medical
fluid to relatively large body areas. Elongated neck section 174 is
dimensioned to be-positioned in narrow remote areas such as the
patient's fingers, toes, eye area etc. or in areas where only a
relatively small amount of fluid is needed. Enlarged section 172
includes opposed generally convex surfaces 176 interconnected by
arcuate trailing surface 178. In one preferred embodiment, enlarged
section 172 defines a partial ellipse having a maximum width "w" of
about 2 inches to about 4 inches. Elongated neck or prow section
174 defines opposed concave surfaces 180 extending contiguously
from convex surfaces 176 of enlarged section 172, which lead to
leading arcuate surface 182 interconnecting the concave surfaces
180. The arcuate configuration of concave surfaces 180 facilitates
manipulation of apparatus 100 about the fingers, toes, etc. of the
patient. In particular, the curvature of concave services 180
generally conforms to the curvature of various parts of the anatomy
whereby applicator member 140 can be applied to the body with the
concave services 180 being rolled and pivoted in relation to the
anatomical body part. Prow section 174 defines a minimum width
"w.sub.2" of about 0.5 inches to about 1.5 inches. Absorbent
applicator member 140 defines a length "1" ranging from about 3
inches to about 6 inches.
[0103] The operation of apparatus 100 now be discussed. In use, the
practitioner grasps applicator 100 with a single hand by anchoring
his or her last three digits to an underside of fluid housing 106.
The thumb is then placed across the top of applicator frame 138 to
grasp the frame 138. The index finger is anchored relative to
applicator frame 138, and then both thumb and index finger are
simultaneously pulled toward the anchored fingers to generate a
predetermined joining force between fluid container assembly 102
and applicator housing assembly 104. Fluid housing assembly 102 is
thus caused to move relative to applicator head assembly 104 in a
longitudinal direction, as depicted by the directional arrow "z" in
FIG. 11 to its second actuated position. The range of longitudinal
movement may be limited by engagement of circumferential stop or
rib 116 with housing supported collar 142.
[0104] Referring now to FIG. 12, during axial movement of fluid
housing 106, locking tabs 132 of end cap 108 traverse axial
channels 146 of applicator frame 138. As noted, longitudinal relief
slots 148 adjacent axial channels 146 permits cam surfaces 150
(which define axial channels 146) to deflect outwardly through the
camming engagement with angled side surfaces 130 of locking tabs
128 whereby the locking tabs 128 are received within locking
recesses 152. As appreciated, cam surfaces 150 provide a degree of
resistance to movement of locking tabs 128 through axial channels
146. This resistance provides a tactile indicator to the
practitioner of the condition of apparatus 100 thereby minimizing
the potential of inadvertent actuation of the apparatus 100. With
locking tabs 128 received within locking recesses 152, the fluid
container assembly 102 is retained in a second actuated position
shown in FIGS. 11-13. Simultaneously with the relative advancement
fluid housing assembly 102, piercing members 158 of applicator head
assembly 104 penetrate liner 120 as depicted in FIG. 13. It is also
noted that in the second actuated position, peripheral rib 134 is
received within recess 156 (see FIG. 7) to form a substantial fluid
tight seal of this location thereby minimizing fluid back toward
fluid housing 106.
[0105] Piercing members 158 may be arranged to completely cover
liner 120. Alternately piercing member 158 are arranged to puncture
two holes in liner 120 as depicted in FIG. 14. The two openings
O.sub.1, O.sub.2 produced by this action produce fluid channels,
one for the antiseptic solution to spill into throat of applicator
frame 136 under pressure generated by moderate compression of fluid
housing 106 by the practitioner. Second opening O.sub.2 facilitates
fluid disbursement by allowing air to enter fluid housing 106,
thereby equilibrating the internals thereof, preventing vapor lock
of the container contents, and providing a more consistent release
of fluid. The above assembly position is defined as a second or
"actuated" position.
[0106] Fluid contained within the fluid housing 106 is allowed to
flow into applicator frame 138 immediately after rupture of liner
120. A moderate compression of fluid housing 106 allows for a
portion of the contents therein to be evacuated, whereupon release
of compression allows for air to replace the contents within fluid
housing 106. Allowing for air ingress in this manner speeds fluid
flow. In this way, fluid can be metered or pumped out, and within
two to three pumps the entire contents of approximately 60 ml is
expelled from fluid housing 106.
[0107] With reference to FIGS. 8-9, the fluid migrates to the
applicator support plate 162 and is distributed through central
apparatus 164 and first and second channels 166, 168 and arcuate
channels 170. A gentle compression of fluid housing 106 may force
the antiseptic downward into the pores of absorbent member, e.g.
The arrangement of applicator plate 162 allows for transfer of the
entire container contents to absorbent member 142 in approximately
two to three seconds, i.e., almost instant fluid fill and
equilibration, thereby allowing uniform wetting over the sponge's
non-symmetrical profile.
[0108] In use, the multi-contoured absorbent member 140 conforms to
substantially all body contours or topology of a patient. For
example, prow shaped nose, facilitates prepping of eyes, ears,
fingers, toes, groin, or other confined topology. Additionally, the
contoured or section conforms to the radial surface of an arm or
leg of a subject. The extended footprint length L (i.e., longer
sponge interface) of applicator 70 allows for about four times the
coverage in a single stroke by using a side to side motion, as
compared with the prior art. This translates into about a four
hundred percent increase in productivity over prior art applicators
having flatter contours, which saves prepping time and effort,
particularly during turnover involving multiple surgeries.
[0109] As described above, applicator apparatus 100 of the present
disclosure includes key features and advantages not found in the
prior art. The single-handed triggering mechanism and single-handed
activation improves ease and productivity--there is no snap ring to
deal with or pre-triggering mechanism necessary, and there are no
other parts that require removal prior to use. Instead, a smooth
activation, single snap triggering mechanism is employed. The
minimum number of parts reduces complexity and manufacturing cost.
In addition, fluid housing 106 permits for faster wetting, and the
integrated fluid manifold within the applicator frame 138 allows
for uniform wetting and balanced fill of any sponge configuration
regardless of fluid viscosity. The larger sponge consequently
allows for inverted use of applicator, faster prep and controlled
fluid release. The contoured multi-use sponge may conform to any
patient topology, and the integrated sponge stick/prow provides the
dexterity of a conventional sponge stick with the speed of an
applicator.
[0110] Referring now to FIGS. 15-18, another preferred embodiment
of the present disclosure is illustrated. Skin applicator apparatus
200 includes fluid container assembly 202 and applicator head
assembly 204 mounted to the fluid housing assembly 202. Fluid
container assembly 202 includes fluid housing 206 and collar 208
contiguously extending from the fluid housing 206. Fluid housing
206 is preferably in the shape of a dome and may incorporate an
accordion like configuration to permit the housing 206 to be
compressed to expel the fluid contained therein. It is envisioned
that fluid housing 206 may have various configurations, such as,
for example, cylindrical, rectangular, elliptical, polygon oh,
etc., according to requirements of a particular application. Fluid
housing 206 may be formed of an elastomeric material or any of the
materials defined hereinabove. Fluid container assembly 202 further
includes liner 210 and end cap 212 which is mounted to collar 208
of fluid housing 206. Liner 210 is preferably in the form of a foil
seal and may be adhered to collar 208 and/or within the interior of
end cap 212.
[0111] As best depicted in FIG. 19, end cap 212 is devoid of
threads and may be secured to collar 208 with adhesives, welding,
cements, or the like. End cap 212 includes a pair of diametrically
opposed locking tabs 214 on its outer surface, preferably, about
180.degree. apart, and axial ribs 216. Locking tabs and axial ribs
216 function in a similar manner to the locking tabs and axial ribs
of the embodiment of FIGS. 1-14.
[0112] With reference to FIGS. 16-18, applicator head assembly 204
includes applicator frame 218 having throat 220 and applicator
support plate 222 connected to the throat 220. Throat 220 defines
internal opening 224 which permits passage of the medical agent to
support plate 222 and has proximal flange 226 which is
advantageously dimension to be grasped by the fingers of the
practitioner. A pair of axial channels 228 with corresponding
longitudinal relief slots 230 extends within the walls of throat
220. Axial channels 228 receive locking tabs 214 and permit the
locking tabs 214 to traverse the channels 228 during actuation of
the instrument. Throat 220 has penetrating spike or member 230
extending upwardly from applicator supporting plate 222 with
internal opening 224. Spike 230 is shown as a single conically
shaped element, however spike 230 can assume any sharpened
configuration or may be multiple in number.
[0113] Referring to FIGS. 18 and 20, applicator support plate 222
includes a plurality of apertures 232 in communication with
internal opening 224 of throat 220, and centrally disposed within
the center of applicator plate 222. On its lower surface,
applicator support plate 222 includes first and second linear
channels 230, 232 in general transverse relation to each other and
centrally located along the major and minor axes "y", "z" of the
support plate 222. Applicator support plate 222 further includes a
grid-type arrangement having a plurality of narrow intersecting
channels 234 on its lowest surface and intersecting linear channels
230, 232.
[0114] In use, fluid container assembly 202 is moved from the first
transit position of FIG. 17 to the second actuated position of FIG.
20. Preferably, the practitioner grabs flange 226 of applicator
frame 218 with the index and middle finger and positions the palm
of his hand against the upper surface of fluid housing 206. During
this movement, locking tabs 214 traverse axial channels 228 and are
secured within the locking recesses 228a of the axial channels 228
in a manner similar to that described hereinabove. Concurrently
therewith, penetrating member 230 pierces liner 210 to permit
expulsion of the fluid contained within fluid housing 206. The
fluid then communicates through internal opening 224 of throat 220
and apertures 232. The fluid agent then communicates through linear
channels 230, 232, and further through the grid type arrangement
234 provided on the lower surface of applicator frame 218. With
this arrangement substantially the entire absorbent member 236 is
saturated with the medical agent. Apparatus 200 is then utilized to
apply the medical agent to the skin of the patient. Fluid housing
206 may be compressed to facilitate expulsion of the fluid agent or
the agent may be gravity fed by inverting the fluid housing
206.
[0115] Referring now to FIGS. 22-24, an alternate embodiment of the
present disclosure is illustrated. This embodiment is substantially
similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1. However, in accordance with
this embodiment, skin applicator apparatus 300 includes fluid
housing 302 having a pair of diametrically opposed locking ribs 304
disposed on the exterior surface of cylindrical section 306.
Locking ribs 304 are generally linear in configuration and possess
enlarged arcuate rib sections 304a at its distal end. Applicator
frame 306 incorporates collar 308 having locking channels 310
generally corresponding in shape and position to locking ribs 304
of fluid housing 302. Specifically, locking channels 310 are
substantially linear and include first and second arcuate channel
sections 310a, 310b. In the first transit position of fluid housing
302 shown in FIG. 22, each enlarged arcuate rib section 304a of
locking ribs 304 resides within first arcuate channel section 310a
of locking channel 310 and is confined therein through the inner
boundary of the channel section 310a thus releasably securing fluid
housing 302 in the first transit position. When it is decided to
actuate the apparatus 300, the practitioner advances fluid housing
302 relative to applicator frame 306. During this movement, locking
ribs 304 traverse locking channels 310 whereby the surfaces
defining the locking channels 310 deflect outwardly to permit
passage of the enlarged rib section 304a and reception thereof
within second arcuate channel section 310b in snap relation
therewith. In this position, locking ribs 304 are secured within
locking channels 310 thereby securing the fluid housing 302 in the
second actuated position of FIG. 24. In all other respects,
apparatus 300 is similar in function to apparatus 100 of FIG.
1.
[0116] FIGS. 25-28 illustrate another preferred embodiment of the
present disclosure. Skin applicator apparatus 400 is generally
similar to apparatus 200 described in connection with the
embodiment of FIG. 15. However, in accordance with this embodiment,
fluid housing 402 includes at least one or a pair of diametrically
opposed locking tabs 404 on distal collar 406. In this embodiment,
apparatus 200 is devoid of an end cap; however, it is envisioned
that apparatus 200 may have an end cap with the aforedescribed
locking tabs 404. Locking tabs 404 are received within
corresponding generally z-shaped slots 408 defined in throat 410 of
applicator frame 412. Z-shaped slot 408 is characterized by having
a first vertical section 414, a horizontal section 416 and a second
vertical section 418 extending from the horizontal section 416.
Vertical section 414, 418 includes locking recesses 420, 422. A
longitudinal relief slot 424 is disposed adjacent each vertical
section 414, 418 of z-shaped slots 408. Relief slots 424 permit
outward deflection of the wall surfaces defining vertical sections
414, 418 to permit locking tabs 404 to be received within locking
recesses 420, 422. In use, collar 406 of fluid housing 402 is
positioned within throat 410 of applicator frame 412 with locking
tabs 404 positioned within vertical section 414 of z-shaped slots
408 and received within locking recess 420. In this position, fluid
housing 402 is retained within applicator frame 412 and releasably
secured in the first transit position through cooperation of tabs
404 with the wall surfaces defining locking recesses 420. When it
is decided to actuate apparatus 400, the practitioner rotates fluid
housing 402 in the direction of directional arrow "a" relative to
applicator frame 412 as shown in FIG. 27. Locking tabs 404 are
forced from locking recesses 420 whereby relief slots 424 permit
the surfaces defining locking recesses 420 to deflect in an outward
direction. The force required to displace locking tabs 404 from
locking recesses 420 provides a tactile indicator to the
practitioner of the movement of fluid housing 402 toward the second
actuated position. Locking tabs 404 traverse horizontal sections
416 of the z-shaped slot 408 to a position in alignment with second
vertical section 418, shown in FIG. 27. Thereafter, the
practitioner applies a distal force to fluid housing 402 to cause
the fluid housing 402 to advance relative to applicator frame 412
to the position depicted in FIG. 28. During this movement, locking
tabs 404 traverse second vertical section 418 of the shaped slot
408 and are received within the locking recesses 422. As
appreciated, during this movement wall surfaces defining vertical
section 418 are permitted to deflect outwardly by provision of
longitudinal relief slots 424 to permit locking tabs 404 to be
received within locking recesses 422. Locking recesses 422 thus
retain locking tabs 404 to thereby retain fluid housing 402 in its
second actuated position dispensing the medical agent into
absorbent member 426.
[0117] Referring now to FIGS. 29-31, there is illustrated another
alternative embodiment of the skin applicator apparatus of the
present disclosure. Skin applicator apparatus 500 includes fluid
container assembly 502 and applicator head assembly 504 connected
to the fluid container assembly 502. Fluid container assembly 502
includes fluid housing 506, end cap 508 connected to the housing
506 and liner 510. Fluid housing 506 includes at least one
cylindrical locking protrusion 512 or, alternatively, a pair of
locking protrusions 512 which extends radially outwardly relative
to housing axis "x", and circumferential rib 514 distal of the
locking protrusion(s) 512. Fluid housing 506 further includes
external thread 516 at its distal end and a plurality of radially
spaced wings 518 extending outwardly from the wall of fluid housing
506 proximal of thread 516. Liner 510 is preferably a foil liner,
and may be secured to fluid housing 506 through any of the
afore-mentioned means. End cap 508 includes internal thread 520
which cooperates with external thread 516 of fluid housing 506 to
secure the end cap 508 onto the fluid housing 506 (FIG. 33). End
cap 508 further includes a plurality of angled teeth 519 at the
mouth of the end cap (FIG. 31 and FIG. 35). In the secured
position, radially spaced wings 518 on the exterior surface of
fluid housing 506 engage or bite into the angled teeth 519 of end
cap 508 to prevent the end cap 508 from inadvertent removal from
the fluid housing 506 (FIG. 35). End cap 508 further defines a
distal collar section 508c having a reduced diameter--the function
of which will be discussed in greater detail hereinbelow.
[0118] Referring again to FIGS. 30-32, fluid container assembly 502
further includes housing extension 522 which is connected to fluid
housing 506. In one preferred method of attachment, housing
extension 522 includes a pair of cylindrical openings 524 through
its wall for reception of locking protrusions 512 of fluid housing
506 in snap relation therewith. Other means for connecting housing
extension 522 to fluid housing 506 are also envisioned. Housing
extension 522 further includes locking lever 526 in its outer wall.
Locking lever 526 is adapted to releasably retain fluid housing 506
in the first unactuated position. Locking lever 526 defines locking
shelf 528 and is adapted to deflect radially inwardly along its
living hinge to release the locking shelf 528 as will be discussed.
Housing extension 522 further defines manually engageable button
530 at its proximal end. Button 530 defines a reduced diameter
relative to the remaining portion of housing extension 522 and has
a rail 532 extending in an axial direction along its outer surface.
Rail 532 ensures a single alignment position to facilitate
assembly.
[0119] Skin applicator apparatus 500 further includes outer housing
534. Outer housing 534 is secured to applicator head assembly 504
and is dimensioned to accommodate fluid housing 506 and housing
extension 522. Outer housing 534 defines a contoured configuration
having a plurality of spaced ribs 536 on its outer surface to
facilitate gripping engagement by the practitioner. Outer housing
534 defines central aperture 538 at its proximal end which receives
manually engageable button 530 of housing extension 522, and keyed
opening 540 for receiving rail 532 of the housing extension 522
(FIG. 31). With this relationship, housing extension 522 is adapted
to move in a general longitudinal direction relative to outer
housing 534, but, is rotatably fixed relative to the outer housing
534.
[0120] Outer housing 534 further defines opening 542 (FIG. 31) in
its outer wall for at least partially accommodating locking lever
526 of housing extension 522. Opening 542 defines distal locking
surface 544 which is engaged by locking shelf 528 of locking lever
526 of housing extension 522 when in the first transit position of
fluid housing 506 (FIG. 32). Outer housing 534 incorporates release
lever 546 which extends within opening 542 of the outer housing 534
in superposed relation to locking lever 526 of housing extension
522. Release lever 546 pivots radially inwardly about its living
hinge to engage and cause corresponding pivotal movement of locking
lever 526 to release locking shelf 528 from its engagement with
locking surface 544. In this orientation, housing extension 522 and
fluid housing 506 are permitted to move in a longitudinal direction
to the second actuated position.
[0121] Referring now to FIGS. 33 and 36-38, applicator head
assembly 504 will be discussed. Applicator head assembly 504
includes applicator frame 548 and absorbent applicator member 550
attached to the applicator frame 548. Applicator frame 548 includes
throat 552 defining an internal bore for reception of end cap 508
and fluid housing 506. Throat 552 has at least one opening 552a
(FIG. 31) in its outer wall for accommodating a corresponding
locking projection 554 of outer housing 534 to fixedly secure
applicator frame 548 to the outer housing 534.
[0122] As best depicted in FIGS. 33, 36-37, within the interior of
throat 552 is internal collar 556 mounted to transverse wall 557,
and a plurality of penetrating members 558 extending from the
internal collar 556. Penetrating members 558 are preferably four in
number and are arranged along intersecting planes to define four
quadrants when the penetrating members 558 pierce liner 510. More
or less than four penetrating members 558 are also envisioned.
Specifically, each penetrating member 558 extends to a point 560
with each of the points 560 of the penetrating members 558 being
disposed about a central axis "c" in adjacent spaced relation as
shown.
[0123] Referring now to FIGS. 36-38, applicator frame 548 further
defines first and second channels 562, 564 disposed about the
periphery of internal collar 556 adjacent upper and lower areas of
throat 552. First and second channels or manifolds 562,564
facilitate passage of the medical agent or fluid directly to the
leading and trailing ends, respectively, of applicator member 550.
First channel 562 is generally semicircular in cross-section and
extends from semicircular passage 562a adjacent the periphery of
internal collar 556 to the upper or forward end of applicator frame
548. Second channel 564 extends from an arcuate or crescent shape
opening 564a within transverse wall 557 and is in communication
with the lower or rear end of applicator frame 548. Applicator
frame 548 further defines central enlarged orifice 566 which
extends to the lower surface of applicator frame 548. Orifice 566
is in fluid communication with first and second channels 562, 564,
and is sized to expel a substantial volume of fluid onto the
central area of absorbent member 550.
[0124] Referring now to FIGS. 36 and 39, absorbent member 550 is
substantially similar in shape to the absorbent members discussed
hereinabove and is preferably in the form of an absorbent sponge,
foam, etc. Absorbent member 550 is mounted to the lower surface of
applicator frame 548 via conventional means. Absorbent member 550
includes a plurality of spaced slits 568 which extend completely
through the thickness of the absorbent member 550 along the central
axis of absorbent member 550. Slits 568 function as zero closure
valves, i.e. the slits 568 are adapted to remain closed in the
absence of pressure to absorbent member 550 but will open when
pressure is applied to the absorbent member 550 to permit the fluid
to flow therethrough.
[0125] In use, the practitioner grabs apparatus 500 with a single
hand preferably about outer housing 534. Thereafter, to activate
apparatus 500, the practitioner engages release lever 546 of outer
housing 534 and depresses the release lever 546 in a radially
inward direction "i" as depicted in FIG. 32. Release lever 546
pivots about its living hinge to engage locking lever 526 of
housing extension 522 to cause corresponding inward movement of the
locking lever 526. As locking lever 526 pivots inwardly, locking
shelf 528 of locking lever 526 is released from its engagement with
locking surface 544 of outer housing 534. In this position, housing
extension 522 and fluid housing 506 are free to move in the
longitudinal direction.
[0126] Referring now to FIG. 40, the practitioner thereafter
advances button 530 at the proximal end of housing extension 522
with the heel of his hand or, alternatively, with the thumb of the
practitioner. The activation force required (approximately 8-12 lbs
makes it possible to thumb activate if desired) to advance housing
extension 522 and fluid housing 506 in a distal direction relative
to outer housing 534 and applicator head assembly 504 (FIG. 41).
With particular reference now to FIG. 42-43, distal direction of
fluid housing 506 causes liner 510 to be penetrated by the four
penetrating members 558 which results in the liner 510 being
pierced into four quadrants portions 510 a-d. The stroke involved
allows the foil to be stripped over the sidewall of the piercing
cylinder thereby providing the full diameter for fluid flow. Upon
rupture of liner 510, the medical agent within fluid housing 506 is
expelled almost instantaneously through internal bore of internal
collar 556 and into first and second channels 562, 564 for
dispensing within enlarged orifice 566 of applicator frame 548.
Enlarged orifice 566 is of substantial dimension such that the
cohesive force associated with the medical agent is overcome by the
mass of the fluid. This allows the fluid to "tumble out" in seconds
via gravitational forces, i.e., no compression of the fluid housing
is necessary. In addition, first channel 562 directs fluid to the
elongated neck section of applicator member and second channel 564
directs fluid to the rear area. In this manner, a uniform layer of
fluid is distributed to the absorbent member 550. Furthermore,
first and/or second channels 562, 564 may establish an equilibrium
within applicator frame 548 by permitting air to pass within the
interior of applicator frame 548 thus ensuring a sufficient flow of
the medical agent. Preferably, either or both of first and second
channels 562, 564 may provide a vent permitting the air displaced
during compression of absorbent member 550 to be directed back
through channels 562, 564 through respective openings or passages
562a, 564a and into applicator frame 548 for venting to the
atmosphere. FIG. 33 illustrates the manner in which first channel
562 extends through passage 562a about collar 556 and communicates
with the interior of applicator frame 548. The assembly tolerance
associated with the components of apparatus 500 is sufficient to
permit the air to vent. Furthermore, in the actuated position,
distal collar 508c of end cap 508 hermetically seals about the
outer surface of internal collar 556 to prevent leakage toward the
proximal end of the applicator frame (see FIG. 41). This
arrangement may also serve as a friction fit or interference fit
which retains fluid housing in the second actuated position. A
volume of medical agent may pass back through passage 562a or
opening 564a of transverse wall 557 during compression of absorbent
member 550 to accommodate volumetric displacement of the fluid. It
is further noted that fluid housing 506 may be retained in the
second actuation position by engagement of locking shield 528 of
locking lever 526 with a corresponding position locking aperture
570 within the outer wall of outer housing 534 (see e.g., FIG.
40).
[0127] As described above, the applicator apparatus of the present
disclosure includes key features and advantages not found in the
prior art. Whereas the prior art requires two-handed use and high
force activation, the present disclosure provides single-handed
triggering and light activation pressure similar to activating a
click-pen. This results in less hand fatigue and no "smacking" is
required. Neither a snap ring nor a high activation force is
required to prevent misfire, and no parts require removal prior to
use. Instead, a single step, squeeze-to-release shipping lock
prevents unintended activation, and the minimum number of parts
reduces complexity and manufacturing cost. In addition, prior art
applicator handles are smooth, straight, and angled at 45 degrees,
resulting in limited comfort and control. In contrast, the
ergonomic handle of the present disclosure is ribbed for comfort
and traction even when wet. The handle's hourglass contour and
rounded end accommodate any size hands, and a reduced handle angle
between 30-40 and preferably 35 degrees permits greater access and
control. While the prior art includes restrictive conduits or mesh
to retard fluid transfer, the wide mouth bottle of the present
disclosure allows the mass of antiseptic to overcome surface
tension and to drain rapidly to the absorbent member. The bottle
contents evacuation is also speeded by the double piercing means
which creates air ingress over the fluid layer in the fluid
housing. Prior art sponges are shaped symmetrically to compensate
for lack of manifolds. In contrast, the "c channel" manifolds of
the present disclosure uniformly wet opposing ends of the
asymmetric sponge. While prior art devices work poorly when
inverted due to small sponge capacity and slow fluid transfer, the
present disclosure provides for inverted use and faster prep since
the large sponge acts as a reservoir for rapidly transferred fluid.
The prior art includes a square sponge head and performs poorly on
contoured topology. However, the contoured multi-use sponge
conforms to any patient topology, and the integrated sponge neck
region provides the dexterity of a conventional sponge stick with
the speed of an applicator. The sponge has a thickness T that is
twice the thickness of the prior art, which inures less risk injury
to patient, and the longer sponge length L allows for faster
prep.
[0128] The components of medical skin applicator apparatus may be
fabricated from materials suitable for medical applications, such
as, for example, polymerics or metals, such as stainless steel,
depending on the particular application and/or preference of a
practitioner. Semi-rigid and rigid polymerics are contemplated for
fabrication, as well as resilient materials, such as molded medical
grade polypropylene. One skilled in the art, however, will realize
that other materials and fabrication methods suitable for assembly
and manufacture, in accordance with the present disclosure, also
would be appropriate.
[0129] FIGS. 44-46 illustrate an alternate embodiment of the
present disclosure. In accordance with this embodiment, skin
applicator apparatus 600 incorporates an alternate mechanism to
releasably secure the fluid container assembly in the first transit
position. In particular, housing extension 602 includes a pair of
outer circumferential partial ribs 604 in diametrically opposed
relation on the outer surface of button 606. Ribs 604 reside beyond
outer housing 608 in the first transit position of fluid housing
610 depicted in FIGS. 44-45. Outer housing 608 defines a restricted
opening 612 at its proximal end, which has an internal dimension or
diameter less than the effective cross-sectional dimension of
housing extension 602 across and inclusive of partial ribs 604.
Thus, partial ribs 604 prevent passage of housing extension 602
through opening 612 of outer housing 608. When it is decided that
apparatus 600 will be actuated, the practitioner exerts a distal
pressure to button 606 of housing extension 602 which causes
partial ribs 604 and/or the respective walls of housing extension
602 and outer housing 608 to flex, deform, etc. to permit passage
of the partial ribs 604 through the restricted opening 612 thereby
enabling fluid housing 610 to move to its second actuated position
depicted in FIG. 46. It is further envisioned that housing
extension 602 may be secured in the second actuated position
through the provision of internal locking tabs or recesses within
outer housing 608. The internal tabs or recesses may be
appropriately dimensioned to engage, receive, the partial ribs 604
in a secured relation. Absorbent member 614 includes a plurality of
openings 616 extending completely through its thickness as
disclosed in FIG. 45. Openings 616 replace the slits of prior
embodiments
[0130] Another feature of applicator apparatus 600 and apparatus
500 of FIG. 44 is the arrangement of the handle component relative
to applicator head assembly. In particular, the handle components
of these apparatuses are displaced relative to the applicator head
assembly which facilitates manipulation of the apparatuses about
the operative site. In particular, outer housing 608 and the
internal components forming the fluid container assembly are
arranged along a handle axis "j" as shown in FIG. 44. Applicator
head assembly 620 including applicator frame 622 is coaxially
arranged about axis "k". As appreciated axis "k" is vertically
displaced relative to axis "j" by a predetermined distance but is
preferably in parallel relation. This offset allow the practitioner
to maintain the most preferred 35 degree relationship with the
patient while allowing for additional clearance due to this offset
thereby maintaining a "comfort zone" in relation to the patient's
skin, e.g., the practitioner's hand is displaced from the patient
to enhance maneuverability around the operation site.
[0131] FIGS. 47-48 illustrate another alternate embodiment of the
skin applicator apparatus of the present disclosure. In accordance
with this embodiment, skin applicator apparatus 700 is releasably
secured in its transit position via detachable tag 702. In
particular, housing extension 704 attached to fluid housing 706
includes transverse bore 708 within manually engageable button 710.
Releasable tag 702 is positioned within transverse bore 708 and
when positioned within the bore 708 prevents advancement of housing
extension 704 and attached fluid housing (not shown) thereby
releasably securing apparatus 700 in the first transit position.
Releasable tag 702 may be removed from transverse bore 708 to
permit activation of the apparatus and movement of the fluid
container assembly to the second actuated position. Releasable tab
702 may be fabricated from any solid or flexible material and
preferably incorporates handle 712 to facilitate grasping by the
practitioner. Absorbent member 714 of the applicator head assembly
preferable incorporates longitudinal channel 716 in its lower
surface to provide a greater volume of fluid flow. Channel 716 may
be in connection with slots or openings extending through the
absorbent member 714.
[0132] FIGS. 49-50 illustrate another alternate embodiment of the
present disclosure useful for dispensing clear antiseptics such as
Chlorhexidine Gluconate/Alcohol solutions. Clear antiseptics pose a
problem to practitioners since it is difficult to verify the area
of coverage after application. Skin applicator apparatus 800 is
substantially similar to the skin applicator apparatus discussed in
connection with FIG. 29 but further includes a dye chamber for
introducing a dye or coloring agent to the medical agent or fluid.
Specifically, fluid housing 802 has foil liner 804 connected
thereto as discussed hereinabove and first end cap 806 threadably
mounted to the housing 802. Apparatus 800 further includes second
end cap 808 mounted to first end cap 806. In one preferred
arrangement, first end cap 806 includes external threads 810 and
second end cap 808 includes corresponding internal threads 812
which threadably engage the external threads 810 to secure the
second end cap 808 to the first end cap 806. Second end cap 808
also includes foil liner 814 secured within the interior of the end
cap. In the mounted condition of second end cap 808 to first end
cap 806, a chamber 816 is defined between the respective foil
liners 814, 804 of the two components. A dye or coloring agent 818
is stored within chamber 816. A suitable dye is FD&C green #3
dye manufactured by Parchem Trading Ltd. White Plains, N.Y. 10601.
During actuation of the apparatus, the penetrating members 820 of
applicator frame 822 pierce both liners 814, 804 whereby the dye
818 within chamber 816 mixes with the medical agent during passage
through applicator frame 822. The dye thus colors the medical agent
or antiseptic to a desired color.
[0133] FIG. 51 illustrates an alternate embodiment in which a dye
tablet 850 is positioned within applicator frame 822. Preferably,
the tablet 850 containing the dye is positioned within internal
conduit 854 adjacent absorbent member 856. The dye tablet is
contacted by the medical agent as it is transferred to the
absorbent member 856. The dye tablet may be composed of the dye
discussed in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 49-50.
[0134] FIGS. 52-54 illustrate another alternate embodiment of the
present disclosure. Skin applicator apparatus 900 includes an
alternate mechanism for severing the foil liner. The mechanism is
preferably in the form of a circular array of penetrating members
or spikes 902 extending from internal collar 904 of applicator
frame 906 which is shown in perspective view in FIG. 52. This
circular array is adapted to form a general circular opening within
foil liner 908 attached to fluid housing 910. In further accordance
with this embodiment, fluid housing 910 is provided with an
internal dividing wall 912 extending in a general longitudinal
direction. Similarly, internal collar 904 may be provided with
longitudinal wall 914. Internal walls 912,914 serve to engage and
rotate the wall portion of foil liner 908 severed by the circular
array of penetrating members 902 from its original transverse
position to a rotated position in general alignment with the
longitudinal axis (as shown in FIG. 54) upon movement of fluid
housing 910 to the second position of FIG. 54. In this position,
the medical agent can flow in an unrestricted manner through
applicator frame 906 unimpeded by the severed foil liner 908.
Preferably, the internal walls 912, 914 within fluid housing 910
and internal collar 904 of applicator frame 906 are radially
displaced or longitudinally misaligned such that the severed wall
portion of the foil liner is trapped between the two walls 912,914
upon movement to the second actuated position. In other respects,
this embodiment functions in a similar manner to the prior
embodiment of FIG. 29.
[0135] Referring now to 55-58, an alternative embodiment in
accordance with the principals of the present disclosure is
disclosed. Skin applicator apparatus 1000 includes fluid container
assembly 1002 which is tethered to the applicator 1004 through a
tether line 1006. More specifically, fluid container assembly 1002
includes fluid housing 1008, foil liner 1010 and end cap 1012 which
is threadably mounted to fluid housing 1008. End cap 1012 includes
internal thread 1014 which threadably engages external thread 1016
(FIG. 58) of fluid housing 1008. Applicator 1004 includes O-ring
connector 1018 to which tether 1006 is connected. O-ring connector
1018 is positioned over the neck 1020 of end cap 1012 and retainer
therein by circumferential rib 1022 on the exterior of the neck
1020. Applicator 1004 incorporates a circumferential array of
penetrating members 1024 similar to the array discussed in the
prior embodiment for piercing liner 1010. Applicator 1004
incorporates a plurality of spaced bulbous applicator tip 1026 with
a plurality of spaced openings 1028 for dispensing the medical
agent. A circular absorbent sponge 1030 may be mounted onto
applicator tip 1026. In use, applicator 1004 can be pivoted onto
assembly 1002 and secured to the fluid container 1002 through
reception of circumferential rib 1022 with annular recess 1032
within applicator 1004. Other means are also envisioned including
an interference fit, snap fit, bayonet coupling or the like.
Mounting of the applicator 1004 causes the spikes to penetrate the
liner thereby activating the apparatus 1000.
[0136] It will be understood that various modifications and changes
in form and detail may be made to the embodiments of the present
disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. Therefore, the above description should not be construed
as limiting the invention but merely as exemplifications of
preferred embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will
envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the
present invention as defined by the claims appended hereto. Having
thus described the invention with the details and particularity
required by the patent laws, what is claimed and desired protected
is set forth in the appended claims.
* * * * *