U.S. patent application number 12/745744 was filed with the patent office on 2010-12-09 for ring wing-type actinic fluid drive.
Invention is credited to Nikolaos Papageorgiou.
Application Number | 20100310357 12/745744 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40561761 |
Filed Date | 2010-12-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100310357 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Papageorgiou; Nikolaos |
December 9, 2010 |
RING WING-TYPE ACTINIC FLUID DRIVE
Abstract
Disclosed is an actinic (radial) fluid drive (AF) which can
replace any propeller used, e.g. for fans, ventilators, pumps,
hydraulic power plants and wind power plants (repeller), watercraft
and aircraft (boats, helicopters, etc.) and can also reduce form
drag (in tips of rockets, etc.) or wave-making resistance (in
bulbous bows of ships, etc.). Said actinic (radial) fluid edge and
trailing edge of which (corresponding to the drive (AF) is at least
characterized by: a) a ring wing (11) (annular wing)--like a
truncated cone--, the leading periphery of the top surface and base
of a truncated cone) determine the chord of the ring wing (11)
(rectilinear length of the side), said chord forming the angle of
inclination (.phi.) of the ring wing along with the plane of the
top surface; and b) an actinic main flow (15), the direction
(plane) of which forms the angle of attack (.theta.) along with the
chord on the leading edge of the ring wing (11), said angle of
attack (.theta.) being greater than 0.degree. and smaller than
90.degree., especially greater than 8.degree., and the actinic main
flow (15) is inclined (thrust is generated) analogous to the angle
of attack (.theta.) (as a result of the Coanda effect).
Inventors: |
Papageorgiou; Nikolaos;
(Griechenland, GR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
JEROME D. JACKSON (JACKSON PATENT LAW OFFICE)
211 N. UNION STREET, SUITE 100
ALEXANDRIA
VA
22314
US
|
Family ID: |
40561761 |
Appl. No.: |
12/745744 |
Filed: |
December 2, 2008 |
PCT Filed: |
December 2, 2008 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/GR08/00067 |
371 Date: |
August 25, 2010 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
415/90 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B64C 3/141 20130101;
F05B 2250/232 20130101; B64C 39/001 20130101; F05B 2210/16
20130101; Y02E 10/721 20130101; B64C 39/064 20130101; F04D 17/161
20130101; F04D 29/681 20130101; F04D 17/16 20130101; Y02T 50/10
20130101; Y02T 50/12 20130101; B63H 1/12 20130101; F03D 1/0608
20130101; Y02E 10/72 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
415/90 |
International
Class: |
F01D 1/36 20060101
F01D001/36 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 11, 2007 |
GR |
20070100750 |
Nov 3, 2008 |
GR |
2008011707 |
Claims
1-13. (canceled)
14. An actinic fluid drive that can replace or can improve the
efficiency of any propeller application, such as for fans,
ventilators, pumps, repellers, water craft and aircraft and can
also reduce the form drag, in particular, of a rocket tip or of a
ship or airplane, comprising: a) a truncated-cone-shaped ring wing,
the top and bottom surfaces of which, corresponding to the
periphery, define the leading and the trailing edges and the chord
of ring wing, this chord forming the angle of inclination (.phi.)
of the ring wing with the plane of the top surface, whereby during
function b) the direction of an actinic main flow on the leading
edge of ring wing forms the angle of attack (.theta.) along with
the chord, this angle being greater than 0 and smaller than 90
degrees-particularly greater than 8 degrees, characterized by the
upper side of the ring wing, which produces thrust, and the actinic
main flow analogously is inclined toward the angle of attack
(.theta.) according to the Coanda effect, whereby the lower side of
the ring wing is either without flow or a closed ring
conductor.
15. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 14, further
characterized in that the upper side of ring wing has a straight,
elliptical or curved form, or is also provided with longitudinal
grooves and/or also with a slit peripheral to the leading edge.
16. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 14, further
characterized in that the actinic main flow arises from the
suitable form of the top surface of the ring wing, directly from a
radial impeller or indirectly from a secondary flow, and runs in a
laminar manner over the upper side of the ring wing.
17. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 16, further
characterized in that the fluid drive comprises ring wings combined
one behind the other, whereby the second ring wing surrounds the
first, the third surrounds the second, etc., and the angle of
inclination (.phi.) of each ring wing is greater than the previous
one.
18. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 17, further
characterized in that the fluid drive has a radial impeller in
order to form an actinic main flow as well as a ring conductor
which arises from the ellipsoid form of the top or bottom surface
of the ring wing, which surrounds the bottom surface of ring wing,
and again conducts the main flow to an intake surface of radial
impeller-and to the leading edge of ring wing.
19. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 18, further
characterized in that the ring conductor, which conducts main flow
to the intake surface of a radial impeller, is provided with
rotatable blades, which equilibrate the torque of impeller.
20. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 19, further
characterized in that the fluid drive is mounted in a rotatable
manner, in particular, in the form of an angle drive, has an
aero-hydrodynamic form, and also functions as a steering wheel, in
particular, in the form of a rudder.
21. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 20, further
characterized in that the fluid drive operates as a repeller,
wherein an existing flow, in particular, of a wind or of a river,
flows around the outer intake surface of impeller and/or also
blades peripherally distributed thereafter, functions as an actinic
main flow, or produces an actinic closed main flow, whereby a ring
conductor surrounds the bottom surface of the last ring wing and
again conducts the main flow to the inner intake surface of radial
impeller and recycles it to the leading edge of the first ring
wing, and impeller, which has one or two intake surfaces, or also
blades produce(s) mechanical power that drives a rotor.
22. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 21, further
characterized in that the fluid drive is installed in a conductor
and functions as a jet pump, whereby the main flow of the fluid
drive forms a secondary flow, which transports fluid from the
conductor inlet surface to the conductor outlet surface.
23. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 22, further
characterized in that the fluid drive is found in a conductor flow
and functions as a power generator, whereby the conductor flow
produces the closed main flow of the fluid drive, which moves the
radial impeller via ring wing(s) and through ring conductor, radial
impeller producing the mechanical power and driving a rotor.
24. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 23, further
characterized in that the fluid drive is used as a radial profile
channel measurement system for research, which could be exploited
economically.
25. An actinic fluid drive which is used to produce a lifting force
for a water craft or aircraft, comprising: a) a
truncated-cone-shaped ring wing, the top and bottom surfaces of
which, corresponding to the periphery, define the leading and the
trailing edges and the chord of ring wing, this chord forming the
angle of inclination (.phi.) of the ring wing with the plane of the
top surface, whereby during function b) the direction of an actinic
main flow on the leading edge of ring wing forms the angle of
attack (.theta.) along with the chord, this angle being greater
than 0 and smaller than 90 degrees-particularly greater than 8
degrees, characterized by a radial impeller, which forms the
actinic main flow on the leading edge of the ring wing, this flow
being inclined analogously toward the angle of attack (.theta.)
according to the Coanda effect and the upper side of the ring wing
generates thrust.
26. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 25, further
characterized in that the vehicle is an airplane or a ship and the
fluid drive functions at the tip of the airplane or at the bulbous
bow of the ship.
27. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 25, further
characterized in that the vehicle is a helicopter and the fluid
drive functions for the lift or also for the propulsion of the
helicopter.
28. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 25, further
characterized in that the fluid drive is designed according to
claim 27.
29. An actinic fluid drive, which is used at a repeller, such as,
e.g., a hydraulic plant or wind power plant or turbine for
generating power, comprising: a) a truncated-cone-shaped ring wing,
the top and bottom surfaces of which, corresponding to the
periphery, define the leading and the trailing edges and the chord
of ring wing, this chord forming the angle of inclination (.phi.)
of the ring wing with the plane of the top surface, whereby during
function b) the direction of an actinic main flow on the leading
edge of ring wing forms the angle of attack (.theta.) along with
the chord, this angle being greater than 0 and smaller than 90
degrees-particularly greater than 8 degrees, and the actinic main
flow is inclined analogously toward the angle of attack (.theta.)
according to the Coanda effect and the upper side of the ring wing
generates thrust, characterized by a radial impeller at the leading
edge of the ring wing, which can be moved by the main flow and a
rotor, which can be driven by impeller.
30. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 29, further
characterized in that the fluid drive is designed according to
claim 21.
31. An actinic fluid drive, which is used for reducing the form
drag on vehicles, such as the bulbous bow of a ship, airplane tips,
or on installations such a rocket tip, comprising: a) a
truncated-cone-shaped ring wing, the top and bottom surfaces of
which, corresponding to the periphery, define the leading and the
trailing edges and the chord of ring wing, this chord forming the
angle of inclination (.phi.) of the ring wing with the plane of the
top surface, whereby during function b) the direction of an actinic
main flow on the leading edge of ring wing forms the angle of
attack (.theta.) along with the chord, this angle being greater
than 0 and smaller than 90 degrees-particularly greater than 8
degrees, characterized by the suitable form of the top surface of
the ring wing, which forms the actinic main flow on the leading
edge of the ring wing, this flow being inclined analogously toward
the angle of attack (.theta.) according to the Coanda effect, and
the upper side of the ring wing generates thrust.
32. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 31, further
characterized in that the fluid drive is designed according to
claim 17.
33. The actinic fluid drive according to claim 14, further
characterized in that the characteristic values of the fluid drive,
such as the chord, angle of inclination (.phi.) and angle of attack
(.theta.), are adjustable.
Description
[0001] The invention relates to thrust or fluid drive systems, such
as those of fans, pumps, wind power plants, water craft and
aircraft. The relative systems utilize an existing flow (repeller)
or convert a given power (thermal, electrical, mechanical, etc.) to
flow that generates force (or power) when it is applied to the
surface of a solid body, which we call a wing. Wings (bearing
surfaces) have a leading and a trailing edge, which define the wing
chord and present an angle of attack in relation to a flow. For a
fluid drive to function, a wing must be found in a flow.
[0002] For this purpose, the fluid drives of pumps, repellers
(power generators), ships, aircraft, helicopters, etc. primarily
use propellers that form an axial flow (if it does not already
exist) and the wings thereof are simultaneously the application
surfaces of the generated buoyancy or lift.
[0003] In addition to the many advantages, the known relative
systems utilize finite wings (but with wing tips) or resistance
surfaces (diffusers) which have power losses due to wing tip
vortices and friction, are dangerous, and can be improved.
[0004] The object of the invention is to create relative actinic
(radial flow) thrust or fluid drive systems. For this purpose, the
invention either exploits an existing flow (e.g., wind, bulbous bow
flow), or forms an actinic main flow which flows around at least
one ring wing.
[0005] A ring wing (11) (an annular wing) is a body such as a
truncated cone, the leading and trailing edges thereof
(corresponding to top and bottom surfaces, circular periphery of a
truncated cone) define the chord of ring wing (11) (rectilinear
side length) and the latter forms the angle of inclination (.phi.)
with the plane of the top surface (FIG. 1).
[0006] The ring wing surface (cone envelope) may have different
forms, such as, e.g., a longitudinal grooved form (shark skin),
straight, elliptical or curved, or also can be provided with a slit
peripherally to the leading edge.
[0007] An actinic fluid drive (AF) is the drive system in which at
least one ring wing (11) is found in an actinic main flow (15), the
direction (plane) of which forms the angle of attack (.theta.)
along with the chord on the leading edge of ring wing (11), this
angle of attack being greater than 0 and smaller than 90
degrees--particularly greater than 8 degrees, and the actinic main
flow (15) is inclined (generation of thrust) analogous to the angle
of attack (.theta.) according to the Coanda effect (FIG. 3).
[0008] The characteristic values of the AF, such as angle of attack
(.theta.), angle of inclination (.phi.), are dependent on the
velocity of the ambient flow (or transport velocity) and may be
adjustable (e.g., by adjustable trailing edge diameter or varied
ring wing bottom surface periphery).
[0009] In AF, the main flow (15) reduces the pressure over the
upper side of the ring wing (the lower side of the wing is either
without flow or is a closed conductor) and is inclined due to the
angle of inclination (.phi.) and the elevated ambient pressure
(fluid pressure over the level of main flow) analogous to the angle
of attack (.theta.) (Coanda effect); thrust is generated, and the
flow becomes laminar.
[0010] Main flow (15) here is the flow which is responsible for the
function of the AF (it can be produced by a secondary flow, or
secondary flows). It can arise directly from an axial flow (ring
wing top surface form--FIG. 3), from a radial impeller (12), or
indirectly from a secondary flow (two phases). A radial impeller
(with one or two intake surfaces) converts an axial flow to a
radial flow and can form an actinic flow, or can produce mechanical
power from a flow.
[0011] The thrust of an AF increases if the system comprises ring
wings (11) placed one behind the other, where the second ring wing
surrounds the first (the third surrounds the second, etc.) and the
angle of inclination (.phi.) of each ring wing (11) is greater than
the previous one.
[0012] The AF can be provided with a ring conductor (13), which
surrounds the trailing edge of the last ring wing (11) (ring wing
top and bottom surface form) and the main flow (15) after being
conducted to the intake surface of a radial impeller (12), is
recycled to the leading edge of the first ring wing (11). The
closed actinic fluid drive (CAF) is one of the least dangerous,
both for the conducting system as well as for the working
environment (FIG. 4).
[0013] The advantages of the AF are: the absence of wing tip
vortices, the good efficiency, the small surface area required for
the production of a specific power, the safe operation and the
large field of application.
[0014] The AF can replace the propeller for any relative
applications and can also reduce the form drag (e.g., in rockets,
bulbous bows of ships, aircraft tips, hubs, etc.). The AF can
operate, e.g., as: fans, ventilators, two-phase pumps, propulsion
or lift generators (water-air propellers), repellers (which produce
mechanical power from a flow) and as actinic ring wing profile
channel measuring systems.
[0015] The invention is described by means of the following
figures:
[0016] FIG. 1 shows the section of a ring wing (11).
[0017] FIG. 2 shows the section of an open actinic fluid drive
(OAF) (fresh fluid comes into the system).
[0018] FIG. 3 shows the section of an OAF for reducing the form
drag (e.g. bulbous bow as the ring wing).
[0019] FIG. 4 shows the section of a CAF.
[0020] FIG. 5 shows the section of a CAF, which is mounted in a
rotatable manner and can also function as a steering wheel (rudder)
(e.g., pod--Z drive in ships, repeller).
[0021] FIG. 6 shows the section of an AF which can operate as a
repeller or a propeller.
[0022] FIG. 7 shows the section of a CAF which can operate both as
a two-phase jet pump as well as a repeller.
[0023] In FIG. 1, the surfaces of ring wing (11) and the leading
and trailing edges are oriented by diameters D1 and D2 (top and
bottom surfaces of the truncated cone) and by the angle of
inclination (.phi.). In this case, the chord of the ring wing is
identical to its side length (11), the bottom and top surfaces are
horizontal and close to one another.
[0024] FIG. 2 explains an open actinic fluid drive system. Impeller
(12) accelerates a fluid (18) and forms an actinic main flow (15)
over a ring wing (11), the chord of which forms the angle of attack
(.theta.) along with the flow plane on the impeller outlet (12)
(ring wing leading edge) (the chord here being different from the
elliptic side length of the ring wing). In this case, the angle of
inclination (.phi.) of the ring wing is equal to the angle of
attack (.theta.). The same construction can operate as a repeller,
whereby a flow (18) sets impeller (12) in motion and is converted
to main flow (15) of the system (actinic after the impeller outlet)
and the impeller produces power, which drives a rotor (20).
[0025] In FIG. 3, the flow, which e.g., a ship (rocket) forms on
the bulbous bow (tip) during its movement, is utilized by two ring
wings (11), which produce thrust in the direction of motion. The
form of the top surface of the ring wing (curved) forms the actinic
main flow (15) and determines the angle of attack (.theta.), which
is not equal to the angle of inclination (.phi.). Of course, the
entire resistance force on the front surface, which forms the
actinic main flow, is greater than the buoyancy or lift, but
smaller than in the case without the ring wing. The AF reduces the
overall resistance force and saves energy.
[0026] In FIG. 4, impeller (12) accelerates a closed actinic main
flow (15) over two combined ring wings (11), the chords of which
are not identical to their elliptical bearing surfaces, with the
angle of inclination (.phi.), which is equal to the angle of attack
(.theta.), being greater for the second wing, and the ring
conductor (13), which surrounds the last ring wing (ring wings with
ellipsoid bottom and top surface form) guides the flow (15) to the
intake surface of radial impeller (12). Conductor (13) is provided
with rotatable blades (14), which equilibrate the torque of
impeller (12) and permit the rotation of the system around the axis
of rotation of impeller (12). Rotatable blades (14) are not
necessary for a fluid drive system with two impellers (and
corresponding ring wings), which rotate in opposite directions
(left and right), whereas they are necessary, e.g., in a Diskopter
system (corresponding to a helicopter and roll of the tail
rotor).
[0027] In FIG. 5, impeller (12) accelerates a closed actinic main
flow (15), which flows around two combined ring wings (11) and thus
form a CAF. The CAF has aero-hydrodynamic form, is mounted in a
rotatable manner (19) (e.g., pod or Z-ship drive) and can function
as a steering wheel (rudder).
[0028] In FIG. 6, an existing fluid flow (18) (wind, river, etc.)
flows around the outer intake surface of an actinic impeller (12)
as well as peripherally distributed blades (16) and produces the
actinic main flow (15), which flows around two combined ring wings
(11) and also moves impeller (12) via a ring conductor (13) (inner
intake surface). Impeller (12) and blades (16) produce power, which
drives a rotor (20).
[0029] In FIG. 7, the CAF is found within a conductor (17) and has
an aero-hydrodynamic form. As a jet pump, power is offered to the
CAF and an impeller (12) accelerates the closed main flow (15),
which forms a secondary flow (18), and ambient fluid (18) is
transported from the inlet to the outlet surface of conductor (17).
As a repeller, the secondary flow (18) of conductor (17) generates
the main flow (15) of the CAF and impeller (12) produces power,
which drives a rotor (20).
* * * * *