U.S. patent application number 12/734389 was filed with the patent office on 2010-10-21 for prefabricated building, method of constructing prefabricated building and building.
Invention is credited to Hai Lin, Katsunori Ohnishi, Satoshi Saigo.
Application Number | 20100263299 12/734389 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40590607 |
Filed Date | 2010-10-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100263299 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Ohnishi; Katsunori ; et
al. |
October 21, 2010 |
PREFABRICATED BUILDING, METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING PREFABRICATED
BUILDING AND BUILDING
Abstract
Provided is a prefabricated building 1 constructed by combining
a previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on a mounting
surface. This prefabricated building 1 includes an outer wall
portion 20 which is formed by wall units 2A, 2B in which two wall
panels 21, 21 are flexibly connected, a roof portion 3 formed by a
plurality of roof panels 31 and an upper end side supporting
portion 5 having a jig 51 which places an upper end of the roof
panel and an extension bar 52 which transfers a load to the
mounting surface, the jig 51 and the extension bar 52 being
separatably connected, and the upper end side supporting portion 5
being set up in a portion surrounded by the outer wall portion 20
to project above an upper end face of the outer wall portion
20.
Inventors: |
Ohnishi; Katsunori; (Tokyo,
JP) ; Saigo; Satoshi; (Tokyo, JP) ; Lin;
Hai; (Tokyo, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
WENDEROTH, LIND & PONACK, L.L.P.
1030 15th Street, N.W.,, Suite 400 East
Washington
DC
20005-1503
US
|
Family ID: |
40590607 |
Appl. No.: |
12/734389 |
Filed: |
October 31, 2007 |
PCT Filed: |
October 31, 2007 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2007/071175 |
371 Date: |
June 24, 2010 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/79.1 ;
52/745.02 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 1/3544 20130101;
E04B 1/14 20130101; E04B 1/344 20130101; E04B 2001/0092 20130101;
E04B 2001/0076 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
52/79.1 ;
52/745.02 |
International
Class: |
E04H 1/00 20060101
E04H001/00; E04B 1/00 20060101 E04B001/00 |
Claims
1. A prefabricated building which is constructed by combining a
previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on a mounting
surface, comprising: an outer edge supporting portion which
supports a lower end of a roof, the outer edge supporting portion
being formed by a wall unit in which at least two wall panels are
flexibly coupled and a supporting unit which is set up in a
position facing the wall unit, or being formed by a wall unit in
which three or more wall panels are flexibly connected; a roof
portion formed by a plurality of roof panels; and an upper end side
supporting portion having a jig which places an upper end of the
roof panel and a supporting body which transfers a load to the
mounting surface, the jig and the supporting body being separatably
connected, and the upper end side supporting portion being set up
in a portion surrounded by the outer edge supporting portion to
project above an upper end face of the outer edge supporting
portion.
2. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the
supporting unit is a wall unit in which at least two wall panels
are flexibly coupled.
3. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the
supporting unit is a beam-column unit including a column member and
a beam member.
4. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein in the
wall unit in which the three or more wall panels are flexibly
connected, all of side end faces of the wall panels are flexibly
connected to side end faces of neighboring wall panels.
5. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the
wall panel includes an inner wall board via a wooden frame bridged
on an inner face side of a steel shell member.
6. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the
outer edge supporting portion is formed in a plane polygonal shape,
and the roof panel is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which a
length of an upper end is shorter than that of a lower end.
7. The prefabricated building according to claim 6, wherein the jig
includes a plane polygonal shape in which a length of one side is a
length of an upper end of the roof panel, and is configured to
place a lower end of the roof panel on an upper end face of the
outer edge supporting portion and to support the upper end of the
roof panel by one side of the Jig.
8. The prefabricated building according to claim 1, wherein the
roof panel includes a flexible bend portion in a portion which is a
ridge of the roof portion.
9. A method of constructing a prefabricated building by combining a
previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on a mounting
surface, comprising: a step of fixing in a predetermined position
of the mounting surface one wall panel of a wall unit in which at
least two wall panels are flexibly coupled; a step of fixing in a
predetermined position the other wall panel by moving the other
wall panel according to the fixed wall panel; a step of completing
an outer edge supporting portion which supports an lower end of a
roof by setting up another wall unit or a supporting unit when the
outer edge supporting portion which supports a roof panel is not
completed only by the wall unit; a step of setting up an upper end
side supporting portion in which a jig which places an upper end of
the roof panel and a supporting body which transfers a load to the
mounting surface are separatably connected inside a portion
surrounded by the outer edge supporting portion, so as to project
above an upper end face of the outer edge supporting portion; a
step of placing a lower end of the roof panel onto the upper end
face of the outer edge supporting portion, and supporting the upper
end of the roof panel by one side of the jig; and a step of
removing the supporting body from the jig.
10. A building constructed by connecting a plurality of
prefabricated buildings set forth in claim 1.
11. The building according to claim 10, wherein the supporting unit
is placed over the neighboring prefabricated buildings.
12. The building according to claim 11, wherein the supporting unit
is an inner wall unit which is locally placed between the
neighboring prefabricated buildings.
13. The building according to claim 11 wherein a part of the roof
panel is disposed over the neighboring prefabricated buildings, and
the roof panel has a flexible bend portion in a portion which is
placed on the supporting unit.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a prefabricated building, a
method of constructing a prefabricated building and a building
using a wall panel and a roof panel, which can be easily erected
and disassembled.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Conventionally, there has been known a simplified building
which can be easily erected by expanding folded members, and can be
easily disassembled by a process opposite to an erecting process as
disclosed in Patent Documents 1, 2.
[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a folded structure
in which a wall member, a ceiling member and a floor member are
connected by hinges. In this folded structure, a central portion of
a wall can be folded inside, and the structure can be easily
erected by expanding the wall member, the ceiling member and the
floor member at any designated sites.
[0004] Moreover, Patent Document 2 discloses a cylindrical building
which is constructed by expanding a wall member in which roundwood
shaped bamboo portions are connected.
[0005] Patent Document 1: JP 2991567B
[0006] Patent Document 2: JP2001-173100A
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Problem to be Solved by the Invention
[0007] However, in the folded structure of Patent Document 1, the
size and shape are often limited because the wall member, the
ceiling member and the floor member are all connected by hinges.
Moreover, in this folded structure, since a wall includes a portion
to be folded, the folded structure has a limitation such that a
window or an entrance can not be provided in that portion.
Therefore, the outer appearance as a temporary building is hard to
eliminate.
[0008] Furthermore, in the building of Patent Document 2, although
the wall member in which the bamboo portions are connected is
deformable, there is a problem in that it is difficult to position
the wall member because the wall member deforms too much. The
cylindrical building also has a limitation in that a wide window
can not be provided. Therefore, the outer appearance as a temporary
building is hard to eliminate similar to the above.
[0009] It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to
provide a prefabricated building, a method of constructing a
prefabricated building and a building, which is excellent in an
architectural design freedom and can be easily positioned and
smoothly set up.
Means for Solving the Problem
[0010] In order to achieve the above object, a prefabricated
building according to the present invention, which is constructed
by combining a previously manufactured wall panel and roof panel on
a mounting surface, includes: an outer edge supporting portion
which supports a lower end of a roof, the outer edge supporting
portion being formed by a wall unit in which at least two wall
panels are flexibly coupled and a supporting unit which is set up
in a position facing the wall unit, or being formed by a wall unit
in which three or more wall panels are flexibly connected; a roof
portion formed by a plurality of roof panels; and an upper end side
supporting portion having a jig which places an upper end of the
roof panel and a supporting body which transfers a load to the
mounting surface, the jig and the supporting body being separatably
connected, and the upper end side supporting portion being set up
in a portion surrounded by the outer edge supporting portion to
project above an upper end face of the outer edge supporting
portion.
Effects of the Invention
[0011] In the prefabricated building of the present invention as
constructed above, the outer edge supporting portion is constructed
by the wall unit in which at least two wall panels are flexibly
connected, so that it can be easily carried in a folded state, and
the wall unit can be set up in a desired position by expanding the
wall unit, so that it can be easily positioned.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1 is a perspective view describing a constitution of a
prefabricated building according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0013] FIG. 2 is a sectional view describing the framework of the
prefabricated building according to the embodiment of the present
invention.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a plan view as seen in the III-III arrow direction
in FIG. 2.
[0015] FIG. 4 is a sectional view as seen in the IV-IV arrow
direction in FIG. 3.
[0016] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view illustrating a V portion in FIG.
3.
[0017] FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating a constitution of
flexibly coupled side faces of the wall unit.
[0018] FIG. 7 is a sectional view describing the turned state of
the flexibly coupled portion of the wall unit.
[0019] FIG. 8 is a sectional view describing a constitution in
which an upper end side supporting portion which supports an upper
end of a roof panel is set up on a mounting surface.
[0020] FIG. 9 is a view describing an operation which places a roof
panel.
[0021] FIG. 10 is a plan view as seen in the X-X arrow direction in
FIG. 8.
[0022] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view illustrating an XI portion in
FIG. 9.
[0023] FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view describing a state
looking up the upper end side supporting portion after placing all
roof panels.
[0024] FIG. 13 is a view describing a process which expands a first
wall unit.
[0025] FIG. 14 is a view describing a process which expands a
second wall unit.
[0026] FIG. 15 is a view describing a process which places a first
roof panel.
[0027] FIG. 16 is a view describing a process which places a second
roof panel.
[0028] FIG. 17 is a view describing a process which places a
finishing member between wall panels and between roof panels.
[0029] FIG. 18 is a plan view describing a constitution of a roof
portion formed by combining roof panels of another form.
[0030] FIG. 19 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed
by coupling two prefabricated buildings.
[0031] FIG. 20 is a side view of the building in FIG. 19.
[0032] FIG. 21 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed
by connecting three prefabricated buildings.
[0033] FIG. 22 is a side view illustrating the building in FIG.
21.
[0034] FIG. 23 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed
by connecting three prefabricated buildings each having a different
size.
[0035] FIG. 24 is a side view illustrating the building in FIG.
23.
[0036] FIG. 25 is a plan view describing a constitution of a plane
regular hexagonal prefabricated building.
[0037] FIG. 26 is a sectional view as seen in the XXVI-XXVI arrow
direction in FIG. 25.
[0038] FIG. 27 is a perspective view illustrating a folded wall
unit in which six wall panels are connected.
[0039] FIG. 28 is a view describing a process which expands the
wall unit in which six wall panels are connected.
[0040] FIG. 29 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed
by connecting three plane regular hexagonal prefabricated
buildings.
[0041] FIG. 30 is a sectional view as seen in the XXX-XXX arrow
direction in FIG. 29.
[0042] FIG. 31 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed
by connecting two plane regular hexagonal prefabricated buildings
and a plane square prefabricated building.
[0043] FIG. 32 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed
by connecting seven plane regular hexagonal prefabricated
buildings.
[0044] FIG. 33 is a perspective view illustrating a building
constructed by connecting four prefabricated buildings.
[0045] FIG. 34 is a plan view illustrating a building constructed
by connecting four prefabricated buildings.
[0046] FIG. 35 is an enlarged view illustrating an XXXV portion in
FIG. 34.
[0047] FIG. 36 is a sectional view as seen in the XXVI-XXVI arrow
direction in FIG. 34.
[0048] FIG. 37 is a plan view describing a schematic constitution
of a roof portion formed by combining flexible roof panels.
[0049] FIG. 38 is a view describing an operation which places a
roof panel.
DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMBERS
[0050] 1 prefabricated building
[0051] 20 outer wall portion (outer edge supporting portion)
[0052] 2A wall unit
[0053] 2B wall unit (supporting unit)
[0054] 21 wall panel
[0055] 21a upper end face
[0056] 22 hinge portion (flexible connection)
[0057] 3 roof portion
[0058] 31 roof panel
[0059] 31a lower end
[0060] 31b upper end
[0061] 41 mounting surface
[0062] 5 upper end side supporting portion
[0063] 51 jig
[0064] 52 extension bar (supporting body)
[0065] 61 two adjoined buildings (building)
[0066] 611, 612 prefabricated building
[0067] 62 three adjoined buildings (building)
[0068] 621-623 prefabricated building
[0069] 63 three adjoined buildings (building)
[0070] 631-633 prefabricated building
[0071] 7 prefabricated building
[0072] 70 outer wall portion (outer edge supporting portion)
[0073] 71 wall unit
[0074] 711 wall panel
[0075] 72 roof portion
[0076] 721 roof panel
[0077] 731 mounting surface
[0078] 80 three buildings hexagonally adjoined (building)
[0079] 8 prefabricated building
[0080] 81 wall unit
[0081] 82 beam-column unit (supporting unit)
[0082] 821 beam member
[0083] 822 column member
[0084] 83 roof portion
[0085] 85 partition unit (supporting unit)
[0086] 91 three irregularly adjoined buildings (building)
[0087] 911 square building (prefabricated building)
[0088] 912 hexagonal building (prefabricated building)
[0089] 92 large building (building)
[0090] 921-927 hexagonal building (prefabricated building)
[0091] 93 four adjoined buildings (building)
[0092] 933A-931D prefabricated building
[0093] 932 wall unit
[0094] 932a wall panel
[0095] 933 wing wall unit (inner wall unit)
[0096] 934 cross wall unit (inner wall unit)
[0097] 935 roof panel
[0098] 94 four adjoined buildings (building)
[0099] 941A-941D prefabricated building
[0100] 942, 943 roof panel
[0101] 942a, 943a bend portion
[0102] 944 inner wall unit
[0103] 945 wall unit
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0104] Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be
described with reference to the drawings.
[0105] At first, a constitution of a prefabricated building 1 will
be described with reference to FIGS. 1-5.
[0106] This prefabricated building 1 includes an outer wall portion
20 as an outer edge supporting portion which is set up on a base
slab 4 and a roof portion 3 having a lower end side supported by
the outer wall portion 20.
[0107] This outer wall portion 20 includes a plurality of wall
panels 21. A window 25 and an entrance door 23 are appropriately
provided in the outer wall portion 20. An entrance step 44 which is
coupled to the base slab 4 is provided in front of the door 23.
[0108] The roof portion 3 is formed by combining a plurality of
trapezoidal roof panels 31.
[0109] Describing the constitution of the prefabricated building 1
in detail, the base slab 4 is a floor slab, and is constructed by a
reinforced concrete as illustrated in FIG. 2.
[0110] The upper face of this base slab 4 is a mounting surface 41
of the outer wall portion 20. Eventually, wood floor members,
carpets, tiles and the like are placed on the mounting surface 41
as finishing, so that a finished floor face 43 is formed.
[0111] As illustrated in FIG. 3, four wall panels 21 are placed in
the outer edges of the plane quadrangular mounting face 41, and a
space surrounded by the wall panels 21 is formed inside thereof.
This space can be divided by placing partition panels 24, 24 and
the like.
[0112] As described hereinbelow, a first wall unit 2A includes two
wall panels 21, and a second wall unit 2B includes two wall panels
21. The wall panels 21, 21 of each wall unit 2A, 2B are coupled by
a flexible hinge portion 22.
[0113] The wall panel 21 includes a shell member and a face member
which is attached to the inner and outer side faces of the shell
member. Namely, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the shell member includes
on the outer face side thereof an outer face on which plate-like
exterior boards 211 are overlapped, and the shell member includes
in the inner space thereof a heat insulation material 212 such as
glass wool and the like. The shell member includes an inner face
side over which wooden frames 213 are bridged, and an inner wall
board 214 is fixed via the wooden frames 213.
[0114] This shell member is a shell body constructed by combining
cross-section U-shaped steel stocks, for example, and includes an
upper end face frame 216 arranged in an upper end face 21a of the
wall panel 21, a lower end face frame 217 arranged in a lower end
face 21b of the wall panel 21, side end face frames 219, 219
arranged in the side end faces of the wall panel 21, and a
longitudinal member 215 which is arranged between the side end face
frames 219, 219 at intervals and has the upper and lower ends
connected to the upper and lower end face frames 216, 217,
respectively (reference to FIGS. 4, 6, 7). This shell member is
reinforced as necessary by a brace and the like when a share
capacity of the face members which are fixed to the inner and outer
faces is deficient.
[0115] As illustrated in FIG. 4, a plurality of wooden frames 213
is horizontally bridged in the inner face side of the steel shell
member as constructed above, and the inner wall board 214 is fixed
to the wooden frames 213. Therefore, compared to a case in which
the inner wall board 214 is directly fixed to the steel shell
member, temperature transmittance of the room interior and exterior
is very small, so that outside cool air and inside warm air can be
prevented from entering into a room interior and leaking
outside.
[0116] Moreover, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the floor face 41 is
provided with a base portion 45, and the lower face of the lower
end face frame 217 has contact with the upper face of the base
portion 45, so that the wall panel 21 is placed on the base portion
45.
[0117] Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a lower end 31a of
the roof panel 31 is coupled to the upper end face 21a of the wall
panel 21.
[0118] This roof panel 31 includes a shell member and a face member
which is fixed to the inner and outer faces of the shell member.
Namely, a roof board 311 covered with a water proof material 311a
such as an asphalt-saturated and coated felt is fixed on the upper
face side of the shell member, a heat shield material 312 is
arranged inside the shell member, and a ceiling board 315 is fixed
on the lower face side of the shell member via the wooden frames
314.
[0119] This shell member is a shell body constructed by combining
cross-sectional U-shaped steel stocks, for example, and includes a
lower end frame 313 arranged in a lower end 31a of the roof panel
31, an upper end frame 318 arranged in an upper end 31b of the roof
panel, an oblique side frame (not shown) arranged in an oblique
side 31c, and a plurality of longitudinal members 316 fixed toward
the direction orthogonal to the lower end frame 313 (reference to
FIGS. 4, 11, 15).
[0120] Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the lower end 31a of
the roof panel 31 and the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21
are coupled by a connection bracket 34. This fitting 34 is fixed
near the longitudinal member 316 of the roof panel 31.
[0121] The outside of the fitting 34 is covered with an edge of
eaves finishing material 36, and a space retaining member 361 is
interposed between the edge of eaves finishing material 36 and the
outer face of the wall panel 21.
[0122] Meanwhile, the connection 34 includes a wall side mounting
piece 341 which is fixed to the upper end face frame 216 of the
wall panel 21, a roof side mounting piece 342 which is fixed to the
lower end frame 313 of the roof panel 31 and an intermediate piece
343 connecting both of the wall side mounting piece and the roof
side mounting piece as illustrated in FIG. 4. These are integrally
formed such that each face is bent orthogonal to each other.
[0123] Each of the wall side mounting piece 341 and the roof side
mounting piece 342 has a screw hole for fixing each of the wall
side mounting piece and the roof side mounting piece to each of the
panels 31, 21. The roof side mounting piece 342 inclines at a
predetermined angle relative to the wall side mounting piece 341
according to an inclination which places the roof panel 31.
[0124] FIG. 5 illustrates an enlarged view of the V portion in FIG.
3 which is the corner portion of the outer wall portion 20. This
corner portion connects one wall panel 21 of the wall unit 2A and
one wall panel 21 of the wall unit 2B. Side end face frames 219,
219 of the wall panels 21, 21 are coupled via a fixing bracket
26a.
[0125] This corner portion includes in the inside corner an inside
corner member 26b, and the fixing bracket 26a and the inside corner
member 26b are connected by a screw 26c. The corner portion
includes in the outside corner an outside corner protection member
26, so that the space between the exterior boards 211, 211 of the
wall panels 21, 21 is closed.
[0126] By the connection with the outside corner protection member
26, the fixing bracket 26a and the inside corner member 26b, an
angle between the wall panels 21, 21 is defined at a right
angle.
[0127] The wall unit 2 placed as the prefabricated building 1 is
described so far, but the wall unit 2 before placing will be
described hereinbelow with reference to FIGS. 6, 7. In this case,
the wall units 2A, 2B are described as a wall unit 2.
[0128] FIG. 6 is a view illustrating the side face of the wall unit
2 in which inner wall boards 214, 214 of the two wall panels 21, 21
are arranged facing each other, and the wall panels 21, 21 are
flexibly coupled by a plurality of hinges 221. Portions coupled by
the hinges 221 constitute hinge portions 22.
[0129] Both sides of this hinge 221 are fixed to the side end face
frames 219, 219 respectively fixed to the side end faces of the
wall panels 21, 21.
[0130] Regarding the two wall panels 21, 21 coupled by the hinges
221 as described above, one wall panel 21 rotates around the hinges
221 to be expanded in a state in which the other wall panel 21 is
fixed as illustrated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 7.
[0131] In addition, the side face of the wall unit 2, which is
opposite to the side face on the hinge portion side is temporally
coupled such that the wall unit 2 does not expand in an unintended
situation, for example, in conveying and hoisting.
[0132] Next, the upper end side supporting portion 5 for use in
building the roof portion 3 will be described with reference to
FIGS. 8-12.
[0133] This upper end side supporting portion 5 includes a jig 51
which supports the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 and an
extension bar 52 as a supporting body, which is set up on the
mounting surface 41 and supports the jig 51.
[0134] This extension bar 52 includes a bottom plate 522 to be
fixed on to the mounting surface 411, a body 524 having a length
adjuster 521 and an upper plate 523 provided in the upper end.
[0135] When supporting the roof panel 31, the bottom plate 522 is
fixed to the mounting surface 41 by a bolt 522a, and the jig 51 is
fixed to the upper plate 523 by a screw and the like. After
completing the roof portion 3, the mounting surface 41 and the jig
51 are uncoupled by removing the bolt 522a and the like, the length
of body 524 is reduced by controlling the length adjuster 521, and
the extension bar 52 is removed between the jig 51 and the mounting
surface 41.
[0136] The jig 51 includes a plane quadrangular frame member 511 as
illustrated in FIG. 10 and a connection member 512 having an upper
portion of a plane cross shape to be fixed on the upper face of the
frame member 511 as illustrated in FIGS. 8, 10.
[0137] As illustrated in FIG. 11, the frame member 511 has a lower
edge extending outside as eaves, and the leading end of the lower
edge includes a bracket 511a for supporting the upper end 31b of
the roof panel 31.
[0138] More particularly, as illustrated in FIG. 9, regarding the
roof panel 31 hoisted by a crane via a ring 35, the lower end 31a
is put on the upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21, and is
inclined such that the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 is put on
the bracket 511a of the frame member 511. Then, the upper end 31b
of the roof panel 31 is fixed to the frame member 511 by the screw
511b from the inside of the building which is the lower side of the
roof panel 31.
[0139] FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating a condition when
looking up at all the roof panels 3 when fixed to the frame member
511 by repeating the above-described process of fixing the roof
panels 31.
[0140] In this case, each roof panel 31 is supported by the upper
end side supporting portion 5 until all the roof panels 31 are
fixed to the frame member 511. If all the roof panels 31 are fixed
to the frame member 511, the roof panels 31 are balanced, so that
the support by the upper end side supporting portion 5 becomes
unnecessary. Therefore, when completing the fixation of the roof
panels 31, the connection member 512 of the jig 51 and the upper
plate 523 are disconnected, so that the extension bar 52 can be
removed.
[0141] Next, a method of constructing the prefabricated building 1
according to the present embodiment will be described with
reference to FIGS. 13-17.
[0142] At first, the plane square base slab 4 is constructed by
reinforced concrete and the like at a place where the prefabricated
building 1 is to be constructed.
[0143] The folded wall units 2A, 2B which are manufactured in a
plant are then carried near the base slab 4 by a truck and the
like.
[0144] Next, a wire is fixed on the hanging ring of the first wall
unit 2A, so as to move the first wall unit 2A above the base slab 4
by a crane.
[0145] Regarding the wall unit 2A taken down on the mounting 41 of
the base slab 4, one wall panel 21 is fixed in a predetermined
position and the other wall panel 21 is opened to be moved as
illustrated in FIG. 13. In this case, one wall panel 21 is fixed to
be located in a predetermined position, and the wall unit 2A
increases its independence as the other wall panel 21 is opened.
Accordingly, the wall unit 2A can be easily and smoothly set
up.
[0146] After completing the setting of the first wall unit 2A, the
second wall unit 2B as a supporting unit is set up in a position
facing the wall unit 2A as illustrated in FIG. 14.
[0147] Then, the upper end side supporting portion 5 is placed
roughly in the center of the space surrounded by the outer wall
portion 20 of the two pairs of the wall units 2A, 2B as illustrated
in FIG. 15.
[0148] Next, the roof panel 31 carried near the base slab 4, which
is manufactured in a plant similar to the wall units 2A, 2B, is set
up.
[0149] At first, the roof panel 31 is hoisted by the wire 351 fixed
on the hanging ring 35, and the roof panel 31 is moved to a
position where the lower end 31a is placed on the upper end face
21a of the wall panel 21.
[0150] Then, the upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 is inclined in
the direction of the upper end side supporting portion 5 with the
upper end face 21a of the wall panel 21 as a supporting point. This
roof panel 13 is a high rigidity member made of the shell member
and the face member. Therefore, the roof panel 31 is stabilized
even if a structure for supporting both ends in which the lower end
31a is supported by the upper end face 21a and the upper end 31b is
supported by the jig 51 of the upper end side supporting portion 5
is adopted.
[0151] After placing the first roof panel 31, the second roof panel
31 or later is sequentially placed similar to the first roof panel
31 as illustrated in FIG. 16.
[0152] After completing the placing of the wall units 2A, 2B and
the roof panel 31, the finishing member is placed between the roof
panels 31, 31 and the wall panels 21, 21.
[0153] This finishing member includes the long finishing member 36
arranged in the edge of eaves of the roof portion 3 and the outside
corner protection member 26 arranged between the wall panels 21,
21.
[0154] This finishing member 36 is placed to close the space
between the lower end 31a of the roof panel 31 and the upper side
of the exterior board 211 of the wall panel 21.
[0155] The outside corner protection member 26 is arranged in the
space between the wall panels 21, 21, which is the connection
between the side ends of the wall units 2A, 2B as illustrated in
FIGS. 5, 17.
[0156] After completing the exterior building frame as described
above, the floor finishing face 43 inside the prefabricated
building 1 is constructed and the utility work is also
performed.
[0157] The prefabricated building 1 can be easily constructed in a
short time by the above-described processes. If the above-described
processes are performed in reverse, the prefabricated building 1
can be easily disassembled.
[0158] In the above, the roof portion 3 is constructed by combining
the trapezoidal roof panels 31, but the roof panel 3 is not limited
thereto. For example, FIG. 18 is a plan view illustrating a roof
portion 30 constructed by combining four square roof panels
310.
[0159] This roof panel 310 has portions which become the ridges of
the roof portion 30. These portions are flexible bend portions
310a, so that the roof panel 310 can be conveyed in a folded state.
Therefore, compared to one trapezoidal roof panel 31, this roof
panel can be effectively carried.
[0160] Next, the function of the prefabricated building 1 according
to the present embodiment will be described.
[0161] In the prefabricated building 1 according to the present
embodiment as constructed above, the outer wall portion 20 is
constituted by the wall units 2A, 2B each of which has the two wall
panels 21, 21 flexibly coupled by the hinge 22. Therefore, the wall
units 2A, 2B can be easily conveyed in a folded state.
Additionally, since the wall panels 21, 21 can be set up in a
desired position by expanding the wall units 2A, 2B, the wall units
2A, 2B are easily positioned.
[0162] Namely, after taking down the wall unit 2A on the mounting
surface 41, if one wall panel 21 is fixed on the mounting surface
41, the other wall panel 21 can be moved to a predetermined
position in a stable state.
[0163] The roof panel 31 is bridged to the upper end face 21a of
the wall panel 21 and the jig 51 of the upper end side supporting
portion 5, so that the roof panel can be easily placed. This
bridging operation can be carried out by operating a crane, and the
upper end 31b of the roof panel 31 can be fixed to the frame member
511 of the jig 51 from the inside of the building. Therefore, the
operation can be safely and easily performed while reducing the
need for work in high places.
[0164] Moreover, if all of the roof panels 31 are fixed to the
frame member 511 of the jig 51, the roof portion 3 is structurally
stabilized, so that the extension bar 52 of the upper end side
supporting portion 5 can be removed; thus, the room inside can be
widely used.
[0165] The size and the shape of the window 25 and the door 32 are
not limited as long as they are placed within the range of the wall
panel 21. Since the wall panel 21 and the roof panel 31 are
separated, even if the size of each panel is increased, the panel
can be conveyed. Therefore, the size of each panel is less
restricted, and it is excellent in the freedom degree in terms of
architectural design.
EMBODIMENT 1
[0166] Next, a building constructed by connecting a plurality of
prefabricated buildings described in the above embodiment will be
described. In addition, the same terms and the same reference
numbers are used for describing the portions similar to or the same
as the portions described in the above embodiment.
[0167] FIGS. 19, 20 are views each describing a constitution of two
adjoined buildings 61 as a building constructed by coupling two
prefabricated buildings 611, 612 each having a different size.
[0168] These two prefabricated buildings 611, 612 constituting the
two adjoined buildings 1 placed on a base slab 614 are coupled such
that a part of each wall is overlapped with each other.
[0169] These prefabricated buildings 611, 612 are erected,
respectively, by the processes similar to the processes of the
prefabricated building 1 described in the above embodiment, so that
the building 61 can be easily constructed even if it is constructed
of two adjoined buildings.
[0170] FIGS. 21, 22 are views each describing a constitution of
three adjoined buildings 62 constructed by connecting three
prefabricated buildings 621, 622, 623 each having a different
size.
[0171] These three prefabricated buildings 621, 622, 623 of the
three adjoined buildings 62 placed on a base slab 625 are connected
such that a part of each wall is overlapped with each other at an
angle.
[0172] These prefabricated buildings 621, 622, 623 are erected,
respectively, by the processes similar to the processes of the
prefabricated building 1 described in the above embodiment, so that
the three adjoined buildings 62 can be easily constructed.
[0173] FIGS. 23, 24 are views each describing a constitution of
three adjoined buildings 63 constructed by connecting into a
substantially C-shape in planar view three prefabricated buildings
631, 632, 633 each having a different size.
[0174] As illustrated in FIG. 24, a base slab 635 is constructed on
an inclined piece of land in a staircase pattern, and the three
prefabricated buildings 631, 632, 633 are located on that slab such
that a part of each wall is overlapped with each other, and the
three adjoined buildings 63 are constructed.
[0175] Since these prefabricated buildings 631, 632, 633 are
erected, respectively, by the processes similar to the processes of
the prefabricated building 1 described in the above embodiment, the
three adjoined buildings 63 can be easily constructed.
[0176] Other constitutions, functions and effects of Embodiment 1
are similar to those in the above embodiment; thus, the description
thereof will be omitted.
EMBODIMENT 2
[0177] Next a prefabricated building having a planar shape
different from that of the prefabricated building 1 described in
the above embodiment will be described. In addition, the same terms
and the same reference numbers are used for describing the portions
which are similar to or the same as the portions described in the
above embodiment.
[0178] More particularly, although the plane square prefabricated
building 1 is described in the above embodiment, the present
invention can be applied to a plane polygonal shape such as a
pentagonal shape and a hexagonal shape except a square. Therefore,
a plane hexagonal prefabricated building 7 will be described in
this Embodiment 2.
[0179] This prefabricated building 7 includes an outer wall portion
70 as an outer edge supporting portion having six wall panels 711
placed on a mounting surface 731 of a base slab 73 as illustrated
in FIGS. 25, 26. One wall panel 711 constituting the outer wall
portion 70 is provided with an entrance.
[0180] The lower end of the trapezoidal roof panel 721 is placed on
the upper end face of the outer wall portion 70, the upper end of
the roof panel 721 is supported by a jig 75 and the upper side of
the jig 75 is closed.
[0181] The outer wall portion 70 of this prefabricated building 7
includes two pairs of wall units each having three wall panels 711
flexibly connected via hinge portions, for example. The two pairs
of wall units are placed on the mounting surface 731, so that the
outer wall portion 70 is constructed.
[0182] As illustrated in FIGS. 27, 28, a wall unit 71 in which the
six wall panels 711 are flexibly connected via the hinge portions
713 is manufactured, and the outer wall portion 70 can be
constructed by setting up the wall unit 71.
[0183] In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 27, the wall unit 71 is
carried in a folded state, the wall unit 71 is hoisted by a
hoisting attachment 712, and taken down on the mounting surface 731
in that state.
[0184] Then, as illustrated in FIG. 28, the folded wall unit 71 is
gradually expanded, and the plane regular hexagonal outer wall
portion 70 is formed.
[0185] Next, the function of the prefabricated building 7 of
Embodiment 2 will be described.
[0186] The plane regular hexagonal prefabricated building 7
described above is constructed by combining the square wall panels
711 and the trapezoidal roof panels 721.
[0187] Moreover, even if it is a polygonal prefabricated building
except a square and a regular hexagonal shape, it can be easily
constructed by combining the square wall panels and the trapezoidal
roof panels similar to the prefabricated building 7 in this
Embodiment 2.
[0188] Furthermore, by flexibly connecting all of the wall panels
711 constituting the outer wall portion 70, the outer wall portion
70 can be constructed by single carriage and hoisting. In addition,
an operation which connects the wall panels 711, 711 on the
mounting surface 731 can be omitted. Additionally, in a process
which sequentially fixes the wall panels 711 on the mounting
surface 731, since the wall panel 711 which is not fixed is guided
to a predetermined position, the wall panel 711 can be easily
positioned; thus, the outer wall portion 70 can be smoothly
constructed.
[0189] Other constitutions, functions and effects of Embodiment 2
are similar to those of the above embodiment or another embodiment,
and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
EMBODIMENT 3
[0190] Next, a building which is constructed by connecting a
plurality of prefabricated buildings 1, 7 described in the above
embodiment and Embodiment 2 will be described.
[0191] In addition, the same terms and the same reference numbers
are used for describing the portions which are similar to or the
same as the portions described in the above embodiments.
[0192] FIGS. 29, 30 are views each describing a constitution of a
three buildings hexagonally adjoined 80 as a building constructed
by coupling three prefabricated buildings 8 each having the same
size.
[0193] In the three buildings hexagonally adjoined 80, the three
prefabricated buildings 8 are connected such that one side of each
prefabricated building 8 has contact with one side of a neighboring
prefabricated building 8.
[0194] The side with which the right and left prefabricated
buildings 8, 8 illustrated in FIG. 29 have contact includes a
beam-column unit 82 as a supporting unit arranged placed over the
prefabricated buildings 8, 8 on both sides. This beam-column unit
82 is set up in a position facing the wall unit 81, and supports
the lower end of a roof portion 83 similar to the wall unit 81.
[0195] Namely, this beam-column unit 82 includes column members
822, 822 set up at the corner portions of the hexagonal shape, a
beam member 821 bridged between the upper ends of the column
members 822, 822, and a coupling portion 823 of the column member
822 and the beam member 821. The lower ends of the roof portions
83, 83 on both sides are placed on the upper end faces of the
coupling portion 823 and the beam material 821.
[0196] By providing the beam-column unit 82 as described above, a
communicated wide space in which the prefabricated buildings 8, 8
are not divided by a wall can be obtained.
[0197] The side with which the left side and the upper side
prefabricated buildings 8, 8 in FIG. 29 have contact includes a
partition unit 85 as a supporting unit placed over the
prefabricated buildings 8, 8 on both sides. This partition unit 85
is set up in a position facing the wall unit 81, and supports the
lower end of the roof portion 83 similar to the wall unit 81. By
providing such a partition unit 85, the prefabricated buildings 8,
8 can be divided by a wall, so that separated rooms can be
obtained.
[0198] FIG. 31 is a view describing the constitution of three
irregularly adjoined buildings 91 constructed by connecting the
hexagonal buildings 912, 912 as prefabricated buildings to the both
sides of a square building 911 as a prefabricated building,
respectively.
[0199] The three irregularly adjoined buildings 91 include a
communication portion 914 with which the square building 911 and
the hexagonal buildings 912, 912 have contact. The beam-column unit
is placed in a part of the communication portion 914 as a
supporting unit, and the wall unit is also placed in a portion
other than that portion.
[0200] By connecting a plurality of prefabricated buildings each
having a different shape in planar view, various shape buildings
can be constructed.
[0201] FIG. 32 is a view describing a constitution of a large
building 92 as a building constructed by connecting seven hexagonal
buildings 921-927.
[0202] This large building 92 is constructed by connecting each of
the six hexagonal buildings 922-927 to each side of the hexagonal
building 921 placed in the center. The six hexagonal buildings can
communicate with each other by using beam-column units as
supporting units, or can be divided by using partition units.
[0203] In the above large building 92 constructed by connecting
many prefabricated buildings 921-927, the height of the roof
portion can be reduced compared to a building in which one hipped
roof is provided in the same floor area.
[0204] Other constitutions, functions and effects of Embodiment 3
are the similar to those in the above embodiment or another
embodiment; thus, the description thereof will be omitted.
EMBODIMENT 4
[0205] Next, a building constructed by connecting a plurality of
prefabricated buildings having a constitution which communicates
inside the prefabricated buildings will be described. In addition,
the same terms and the same reference numbers are used for the
portions which are similar to or the same as the portions described
in the above embodiments.
[0206] FIG. 33 is a perspective view illustrating an outer
appearance of four adjoined buildings 93 as a building constructed
by connecting four prefabricated buildings 931A-931D. As
illustrated in FIG. 34, the four adjoined buildings 93 are erected
by connecting the prefabricated buildings 931A-931D each having a
substantial square in planar view to be a substantial square in the
entire planar view.
[0207] Each of the prefabricated buildings 931A-931D has two sides
facing the external portion. These two sides are made of a wall
unit 932 each having wall panels 932a, 932a. A cross wall unit 934
and wing wall units 933 as inner wall units are only locally placed
among the neighboring prefabricated buildings 931A-931D, so that a
communicated interior space without using a partition is
formed.
[0208] FIG. 35 is an enlarged plan view illustrating the crossing
section (XXXV portion in FIG. 34) of the wing wall unit 933 and the
wall panels 932a, 932a forming the outer wall. A cover member 932b
is provided between the wall panels 932a, 932a on the outer portion
side.
[0209] This wing wall unit 933 is a supporting unit set up in the
border of the prefabricated building 931A and the prefabricated
building 931B, and is placed over both of the prefabricated
buildings 931A, 931B. In detail, cross-sectional substantially
U-shaped steel stocks are set up in the prefabricated buildings
931A, 931B on the wall panel side 932a and the room center side,
respectively, at intervals as the longitudinal materials 933a. A
wooden frame 933c is bridged in the horizontal direction between
the longitudinal materials 933a, 933a, and inner wall plates 933b,
933b are fixed onto the wooden frames 933c, so that the integrated
wing wall unit 933 having the inner wall plates 933b, 933b
respectively on both of the prefabricated building 931A, 931B sides
is formed.
[0210] On the other hand, the cross wall unit 934 as an inner wall
unit is placed in the center of a room where the corner portions of
the four prefabricated buildings 931A-931D are gathered. This cross
wall unit 934 has a substantially cross shape in planar view. Since
the constitution except the shape of the cross wall unit is roughly
the same as that of the wing wall unit 933, the description thereof
will be omitted.
[0211] This cross wall unit 934 is placed among the four
prefabricated buildings 931A-931D.
[0212] FIG. 36 is a sectional view illustrating the four adjoined
buildings 93 as seen in the arrow direction of XXXVI-XXXVI in FIG.
34. As illustrated in FIG. 36, each of the roof portions 953, 935
provided in each of the prefabricated buildings 931A, 931B has the
lower end on the outer wall side placed on the upper end face on
the wall unit 932, and the lower end on the room center side placed
on the upper end faces of the cross wall unit 934 and the wing wall
unit 933.
[0213] As illustrated in FIG. 34, since a partition such as a wall
is not placed between the wing wall unit 933 and the cross wall
unit 934, a large communicated indoor space can be formed.
[0214] FIG. 37 is a view describing a concept for providing
flexible roof panels 942, 943 in four adjoined buildings 94 which
are constructed similar to the above four adjoined buildings 93.
This four adjoined buildings 94 are constructed by connecting
prefabricated buildings 941A-941D each having constitutions similar
to those of the wall unit 932, the wing wall unit 933 and the cross
wall unit 934 of the above-described prefabricated building
931A-931D.
[0215] The roof portion 940 of the four adjoined buildings 94 has
four roof panels 942 each having a substantially square shape in
planar view, which are placed over the neighboring prefabricated
buildings 941A-941D and four roof panels 934 each having a
substantially isosceles triangle shape in planar view, which are
placed in the prefabricated buildings 941A-941D, respectively.
[0216] Each of the roof panels 942 includes a portion which is
provided in the border among the prefabricated buildings 941A-941D.
This portion is a flexible bend portion 942a such as a hinge
portion. This roof panel 942 can be folded into an isosceles
triangle, so that it can be effectively carried.
[0217] Each of the roof panels 943 also has a portion which becomes
a ridge of each prefabricated building 941A-941D. This portion is
also a flexible bend portion 943a. The roof panel 943 can be folded
in half, so that it can be easily carried.
[0218] Next, an operation which sets up these roof panels 942, 943
will be described with reference to FIG. 38.
[0219] At first, the outer edge supporting portions of each
prefabricated building 941A-941D such as a wall unit 945 and an
inner wall unit 944 are set up on the base slab 4. The upper end
side supporting portion 5 having the jig 51 is set up in
substantially center of each prefabricated building 941A-941D.
[0220] When setting up the roof panel 942, the folded roof panel
942 is hoisted by a crane, the bend portion 942a is placed on the
upper end face of the inner wall unit 944, and the roof panel 942
is expanded toward the jigs 51,51 on the prefabricated building
941A, 941B sides, respectively.
[0221] Regarding the roof panel 943, the lower end is placed on the
upper end face of the wall unit 945, and the upper end is inclined
toward the jig 51 with the upper end face as a supporting point.
Consequently, the roof panel 943 is set up.
[0222] Since the roof panels 942, 943 as constructed above are
flexibly formed by means of the bend portions 942a, 943a, the
panels can be effectively conveyed with a folded state. The roof
panels 942, 943 are placed on a plurality of prefabricated
buildings 941A-941D at one time, so that they can be fixed in a
short time. Accordingly, the roof panel is excellent in operation
performance.
[0223] Moreover, other constitutions, functions and effects of
Embodiment 4 are similar to those of the above embodiment or
another embodiment; thus, the description thereof will be
omitted.
[0224] As described above, although the embodiment of the present
invention has been described above, a specific constitution is not
limited thereto. It should be appreciated that variations may be
made in the embodiment described by persons skilled in the art
without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0225] In the above embodiments, for example, the prefabricated
buildings 1, 7 each having the same length of each side such as a
plane square shape and a plane regular hexagonal shape are
described. However, the prefabricated building is not limited
thereto.
[0226] Moreover, in the above embodiments, the wall unit 2B, the
beam-column unit 82, the partition unit 85, the wing wall unit 933,
the cross wall unit 943 and the like are described as the
supporting unit. However, the supporting unit is not limited
thereto, and the supporting unit can be a single outer wall panel
or a single inner wall panel.
* * * * *