U.S. patent application number 12/680906 was filed with the patent office on 2010-08-26 for lubricating oil composition.
This patent application is currently assigned to IDEMITSU KOSAN CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Toshihiko Ichihashi, Toshiki Ikeda, Mitsugu Kudo.
Application Number | 20100216676 12/680906 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40638604 |
Filed Date | 2010-08-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100216676 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Ichihashi; Toshihiko ; et
al. |
August 26, 2010 |
LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION
Abstract
A lubricating oil composition includes: a lubricating base oil;
and an imide compound, an amide compound and an aliphatic amine
compound mixed with the lubricating base oil. A content of the
imide compound is 300 to 1000 ppm by mass of the total amount of
the composition in terms of nitrogen. A content of the amide
compound is 380 to 1300 ppm by mass of the total amount of the
composition in terms of nitrogen. A content of the aliphatic amine
compound is 35 to 360 ppm by mass of the total amount of the
composition in terms of nitrogen.
Inventors: |
Ichihashi; Toshihiko;
(Chiba, JP) ; Kudo; Mitsugu; (Chiba, JP) ;
Ikeda; Toshiki; (Tokyo, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
OBLON, SPIVAK, MCCLELLAND MAIER & NEUSTADT, L.L.P.
1940 DUKE STREET
ALEXANDRIA
VA
22314
US
|
Assignee: |
IDEMITSU KOSAN CO., LTD.
TOKYO
JP
|
Family ID: |
40638604 |
Appl. No.: |
12/680906 |
Filed: |
October 29, 2008 |
PCT Filed: |
October 29, 2008 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP08/69626 |
371 Date: |
March 31, 2010 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
508/287 ;
508/555 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10M 2215/04 20130101;
C10M 2215/28 20130101; C10N 2040/04 20130101; C10M 2215/08
20130101; C10N 2030/06 20130101; C10M 133/00 20130101; C10M
2215/064 20130101; C10M 2215/02 20130101; C10N 2060/14 20130101;
C10N 2040/045 20200501; C10N 2030/40 20200501 |
Class at
Publication: |
508/287 ;
508/555 |
International
Class: |
C10M 133/44 20060101
C10M133/44; C10M 133/16 20060101 C10M133/16 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 16, 2007 |
JP |
2007-297923 |
Claims
1. A lubricating oil composition comprising: a lubricating base
oil; and an imide compound, an amide compound and an aliphatic
amine compound mixed with the lubricating base oil, wherein a
nitrogen content of the imide compound is 300 to 1000 ppm by mass
of a total amount of the composition; a nitrogen content of the
amide compound is 380 to 1300 ppm by mass of the total amount of
the composition; and a nitrogen content of the aliphatic amine
compound is 35 to 360 ppm by mass of the total amount of the
composition.
2. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein
the contents of the imide compound, the amide compound and the
aliphatic amine compound amount to 1000 to 2000 ppm by mass of the
total amount of the composition in terms of nitrogen.
3. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein
the imide compound is a succinimide compound.
4. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein a
multistage transmission or a continuously variable transmission
comprises the lubricating oil composition.
5. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 4, wherein
the continuously variable transmission is a belt-type continuously
variable transmission equipped with a metallic belt.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricant oil composition
used for an automatic transmission such as a multistage
transmission and a continuously variable transmission.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] A lubricating oil composition used for an automatic
transmission such as a multistage transmission and a continuously
variable transmission is required to have a high power (torque)
transmission volume. Accordingly, various lubricating oil
compositions for an automatic transmission that can favorably
transmit power with a large power transmission volume have been
known (see, for instance, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0003] A lubricating oil composition disclosed in Patent Document 1
is a mixture of a sulfur extreme pressure agent, a phosphorous
extreme pressure agent and an alkali earth metal detergent with a
lubricating base oil so that the lubricating oil composition
exhibits an excellent wear resistance and extreme-pressure
property, maintains a high friction coefficient for a long period
and transmits a large volume of torque.
[0004] A lubricating oil composition disclosed in Patent Document 2
is a mixture of an effective amount of bisimide succinate having a
predetermined structure with a lubricating base oil for enhancing a
power transmission volume and improving anti-shudder property.
[0005] Patent Document 1: JP-A-9-100487
[0006] Patent Document 2: JP-A-9-202890
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Problems to Be Solved by the Invention
[0007] In addition to a high coefficient of static friction (.mu.s)
as an index of transmission torque at engagement of the clutch, it
is also required as a clutch friction property for an automatic
transmission that a "ratio (.mu.o/.mu.d) of a friction coefficient
to a coefficient of kinetic friction just before stopping," which
is an index allowing for smooth transmission by preventing
transmission shock (shudder), is sufficiently small, e.g., 1.05 or
less. On the other hand, new automobiles in the market, which have
a variety of types by domestic and foreign manufacturers, have a
variety of materials and mechanisms for a clutch used therein. The
clutch further exhibits a variety of degree of aging
deterioration.
[0008] However, the lubricating oil compositions disclosed in
Patent Documents 1 and 2 have not provided a sufficient clutch
friction property yet.
[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a
lubricating oil composition balancing both of a high transmission
torque at engagement of the clutch and a high transmission-shock
prevention in an automatic transmission such as a multistage
transmission and a continuously variable transmission.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0010] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to
an aspect of the invention, there is provided a lubricating oil
composition described below.
[1] A lubricating oil composition including: a lubricating base
oil; and an imide compound, an amide compound and an aliphatic
amine compound mixed with the lubricating base oil, in which a
content of the imide compound is 300 to 1000 ppm by mass of a total
amount of the composition in terms of nitrogen; a content of the
amide compound is 380 to 1300 ppm by mass of the total amount of
the composition in terms of nitrogen; and a content of the
aliphatic amine compound is 35 to 360 ppm by mass of the total
amount of the composition in terms of nitrogen. [2] The lubricating
oil composition according to the above aspect of the invention, in
which the contents of the imide compound, the amide compound and
the aliphatic amine compound amount to 1000 to 2000 ppm by mass of
the total amount of the composition in terms of nitrogen. [3] The
lubricating oil composition according to the above aspect of the
invention, in which the imide compound is a succinimide compound.
[4] The lubricating oil composition according to the above aspect
of the invention, in which the lubricating oil composition is used
for a multistage transmission or a continuously variable
transmission. [5] The lubricating oil composition according to the
above aspect of the invention, in which the continuously variable
transmission is a belt-type continuously variable transmission
equipped with a metallic belt.
[0011] According to the lubricating oil composition of the aspect
of the invention, since the predetermined amounts of three
specified organic nitrogen compounds (the imide compound, the amide
compound and the aliphatic amine compound) are mixed with the base
oil, the coefficient of static friction (.mu.s) is high, resulting
in a high transmission torque. Further, when used for an automatic
transmission such as a multistage transmission and a continuously
variable transmission, the lubricating oil composition of the
aspect of the invention exhibits an excellent anti-shock
transmission property (anti-shudder property) without decreasing
transmission torque. Particularly, the lubricating oil composition
of the aspect of the invention is preferably used for a belt-type
continuously variable transmission equipped with a metallic
belt.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0012] A preferred exemplary embodiment for implementing the
invention will be described below.
[Arrangement of Lubricating Oil Composition]
[0013] A lubricating oil composition of an aspect of the invention
is provided by mixing at least an imide compound, amide compound
and aliphatic amine compound with a lubricating base oil. The
invention will be described below in detail.
(Lubricating Base Oil)
[0014] As the lubricating base oil, at least one of a mineral oil
and a synthetic oil may be used alone or in a combination of two
types or more, or a combination of the mineral oil and the
synthetic oil may be used.
[0015] Such mineral oil and synthetic oil are not particularly
limited, but any mineral oil and synthetic oil are applicable as
long as they are generally usable as a base oil for a transmission.
Particularly, the lubricating base oil preferably has a kinematic
viscosity of 1 mm.sup.2/s to 50 mm.sup.2/s, more preferably 2
mm.sup.2/s to 15 mm.sup.2/s at 100 degrees C. When the kinematic
viscosity is too high, a low temperature viscosity may be
deteriorated. When the kinematic viscosity is too low, wear at a
sliding portion such as a gear bearing and a clutch in the
continuously variable transmission may be increased. Accordingly,
the lubricating base oil preferably has the kinematic viscosity of
1 mm.sup.2/s to 50 mm.sup.2/s, more preferably 2 mm.sup.2/s to 15
mm.sup.2/s at 100 degrees C.
[0016] A pour point, which is an index of a low temperature
fluidity of the lubricating base oil, is not limited, but is
preferably minus 10 degrees C. or lower, particularly minus 15
degrees C. or lower.
[0017] The lubricating base oil is not particularly limited, but
preferably has a saturated hydrocarbon component of 90 mass % or
more, a sulfur component of 0.03 mass % or less and a viscosity
index of 100 or more. When the saturated hydrocarbon component is
less than 90 mass %, degraded products may be increased. Moreover,
when the sulfur component is more than 0.03 mass %, degraded
products may be increased. Further, when the viscosity index is
less than 100, wear at a high temperature may be increased.
Consequently, the mineral oil and synthetic oil having the
saturated hydrocarbon component of 90 mass % or more, the sulfur
component of 0.03 mass % or less and the viscosity index of 100 or
more may be preferably used.
[0018] Examples of the mineral oil include a paraffinic mineral
oil, an intermediate base mineral oil and a naphthenic mineral oil.
Specifically, the mineral oil is exemplified by a light neutral
oil, a medium neutral oil, a heavy neutral oil, bright stock and
the like that are produced by solvent purification or hydrogenation
purification.
[0019] Examples of the synthetic oil include poly-.alpha.-olefins,
.alpha.-olefin copolymers, polybutene, alkyl benzene, polyol
esters, diacid esters, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene
glycol esters, polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers, hindered esters,
silicone oil and the like. Polyolefins and polyol esters are
particularly preferable.
(Imide Compound)
[0020] As the imide compound mixed in the lubricating oil
composition of the aspect of the invention, a succinimide is
preferable in terms of an increase in .mu. ratio and consequent
excellent anti-shudder property. Particularly, the succinimide
preferably has an alkyl group or an alkenyl group of a number
average molecular weight of 500 to 3000 in a side chain. Various
succinimides can be listed as the above succimide, examples of
which include a succinimide having a polybutenyl group and a
succinimide having a polyisobutenyl group. The polybutenyl group
means polymerized mixture of 1-butene and isobutene, polymerized
highly-pure isobutene or a hydrogenerated polyisobutenyl group. The
succinimide may be so-called mono-type alkenylsuccinimide or
alkylsuccinimide, or so-called bis-type alkenylsuccinimide or
alkylsuccinimide.
[0021] Succinimides having a side chain may be manufactured by any
conventional methods. In order to manufacture polybutenyl
succinimide, for instance, polybutene or chlorinated polybutene
having a number average molecular weight of approximately 500 to
3,000 is reacted with maleic anhydride at approximately 100 to 200
degrees C. to form polybutenyl succinic acid, and the obtained
polybutenyl succinic acid is reacted with polyamine.
[0022] Examples of polyamine are diethylene triamine, triethylene
tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, pentaethylene hexamine and the
like.
[0023] The alkyl or alkenyl-succinimide may be an alkylphenol
derivative or a sulfurized alkylphenol derivative in which the
alkyl or alkenyl-succinimide is fused with an aromatic compound
such as alkylphenol or sulfurized alkylphenol by Mannich
condensation. The alkyl group of the alkylphenol typically has 3 to
30 carbon atoms.
[0024] The succinimide, which has in the side chain an alkyl or
alkenyl group having a number average molecular weight of 500 to
3,000, unfavorably exhibits deteriorated dispersibility into the
base oil when the number average molecular weight of the side chain
is less than 500. On the other hand, when the number average
molecular weight of the side chain is more than 3000, the
handleability in preparing the lubricating oil composition is
deteriorated. Moreover, when the composition having an excessively
increased viscosity is applied to, for instance, a wet clutch, a
friction property of the composition may be deteriorated.
[0025] The above succinimide is also preferably boron-modified in
use. For instance, in order to manufacture boronated polybutenyl
succinimide, an organic solvent such as alcohols, hexane or xylene
is added with polyamine, polybutenyl succinic acid (anhydride) and
a boron compound such as boracic acid, and is subsequently heated
under suitable conditions. Besides boracic acid, examples of the
boron compound include boric anhydride, boron halogenide, borate
ester, amide borate, boric oxide and the like. Among the above,
boracic acid is particularly preferable.
[0026] The boron-modified succinimide can increase a coefficient of
kinetic friction because of its bulky structure when mixed in the
composition, thereby preferably providing increased transmission
torque.
[0027] When the boron-modified succinimide is mixed in the
composition, a boron content is preferably 50 to 3,000 ppm by mass
of a total amount of the composition, more preferably 50 to 2,500
ppm by mass. When the boron content is 50 ppm by mass or more, heat
resistance of the prepared lubricating oil composition is enhanced.
When the boron content is 3,000 ppm by mass or less, it is
preferable that hydrolysis of boron portions can be restrained and
manufacturing cost can also be reduced.
[0028] A nitrogen content derived from the imide compound mixed in
the lubricating oil composition of the aspect of the invention is
necessarily 300 to 1000 ppm by mass of the total amount of the
composition, preferably 400 to 800 ppm by mass..sub.n When the
nitrogen content derived from the imide compound is less than 300
ppm by mass, the prepared lubricating oil composition provides
insufficient transmission torque. When the nitrogen content derived
from the imide compound is more than 1000 ppm by mass, the prepared
lubricating oil composition exhibits large transmission shock.
Moreover, when the mineral oil is used as the base oil, solubility
of the composition is deteriorated.
(Amide Compound)
[0029] An amide compound mixed in the lubricating oil composition
of the aspect of the invention is exemplified by fatty acid amide
obtained by fusing a fatty acid to an amine (including
ammonia).
[0030] The fatty acid is preferably a saturated/unsaturated or
linear/branched fatty acid having 8 to 30 carbon atoms. In
addition, the fatty acid may be a monobasic acid or polybasic acid.
Specifically, examples of the fatty acid include caprylic acid,
pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid (lauryl acid), isolauric
acid, myristic acid, isomyristic acid, pentadecyl acid, palmitic
acid, palmitoyl acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid,
oleic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, malonic acid, succinic
acid, sebacic acid and the like.
[0031] Examples of the amine include: ammonia; alkyl amines (an
alkyl group may be linear or branched) such as monomethylamine,
monoethylamine, monopropylamine, monobutylamine, monopentylamine,
monohexylamine, monoheptylamine, monooctylamine, dimethylamine,
methylethylamine, diethylamine, methylpropylamine,
ethylpropylamine, dipropylamine, methylbutylamine, ethylbutylamine,
propylbutylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine,
diheptylamine and dioctylamine; alkanol amines (an alkanol group
may be linear or branched) such as monomethanolamine,
monoethanolamine, monopropanolamine, monobutanolamine,
monopentanolamine, monohexanolamine, monoheptanolamine,
monooctanolamine, monononanolamine, dimethanolamine,
methanolethanolamine, diethanolamine, methanolpropanolamine,
ethanolpropanolamine, dipropanolamine, methanolbutanolamine,
ethanolbutanolamine, propanolbutanolamine, dibutanolamine,
dipentanolamine, dihexanolamine, diheptanolamine and
diooctanolamine; and a mixture thereof.
[0032] Further, besides the above monoamines, a so-called polyamine
having a plurality of amino groups in a molecule is suitable as the
amine. Examples of the polyamine include diethylene triamine,
triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, pentaethylene
hexamine and the like.
[0033] Suitable examples of the amide compound obtained by fusing
the fatty acid to the amine as described above include: a polyamide
obtained by fusing isostearic acid to polyamines such as triamine,
tetraamine and pentamine; a polyamide obtained by fusing oleic acid
to a polyamine; and a polyamide obtained by fusing lauric acid to a
polyamine.
[0034] A nitrogen content derived from the amide compound mixed in
the lubricating oil composition of the aspect of the invention is
necessarily 380 to 1300 ppm by mass of the total amount of the
composition, preferably 500 to 1000 ppm by mass. When the nitrogen
content derived from the amide compound is less than 380 ppm by
mass, the prepared lubricating oil composition exhibits
insufficient anti-shock transmission property. When the nitrogen
content derived from the amide compound is more than 1300 ppm by
mass, the prepared lubricating oil composition is deficient in
transmission torque.
(Aliphatic Amine Compound)
[0035] Among aliphatic amine compounds used for producing the above
amide compounds, an aliphatic amine compound mixed in the
lubricating oil composition of the aspect of the invention
preferably has a relatively high molecular weight. Specifically,
examples of the aliphatic amine compound include oleylamine,
stearylamine and isostearylamine.
[0036] Moreover, the aliphatic amine compound may not be used
singularly, but preferably used in a form such as a mixed fatty
acid amine and beef tallow propylenediamine.
[0037] A nitrogen content derived from the aliphatic amine compound
mixed in the lubricating oil composition of the aspect of the
invention is necessarily 35 to 360 ppm by mass of the total amount
of the composition, preferably 100 to 300 ppm by mass. When the
nitrogen content derived from the aliphatic amine compound is less
than 35 ppm by mass, the prepared lubricating oil composition
exhibits insufficient initial anti-shock transmission property.
When the nitrogen content derived from the aliphatic amine compound
is more than 360 ppm by mass, the prepared lubricating oil
composition is deficient in transmission torque and exhibits
unfavorable durability due to sludge generation.
[0038] In the lubricating oil composition of the aspect of the
invention, the contents of the imide compound, amide compound and
aliphatic amine compound described above preferably amount to 1000
to 2000 ppm by mass of the total amount of the composition in terms
of nitrogen, more preferably 1100 to 1900 ppm by mass.
[0039] In other words, when the contents of the three components
are within the above-described range, transmission torque and
anti-shock transmission property, which are wet clutch performance
generally in a trade-off relation, can be more fully satisfied
(Other Additives)
[0040] The lubricating oil composition of the aspect of the
invention may be added with an additive as long as an object of the
invention to reliably provide less transmission shock and high
transmission torque is achieved.
[0041] Examples of the additive include an antioxidant, a metal
deactivator, an antifoaming agent, a viscosity index improver, a
pour point depressant, a surfactant, a coloring agent and the
like.
[0042] Examples of the antioxidant include an amine antioxidant, a
phenolic antioxidant, a sulfuric antioxidant and the like.
[0043] Examples of the amine antioxidant include:
monoalkyldiphenylamines such as monooctyldiphenylamine and
monononyldiphenylamine; dialkyldiphenylamines such as
4,4'-dibutyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-dipentyldiphenylamine,
4,4'-dihexyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-diheptyldiphenylamine,
4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine and 4,4'-dinonyldiphenylamine;
polyalkyldiphenylamines such as tetrabutyldiphenylamine,
tetrahexyldiphenylamine, tetraoctyldiphenylamine and
tetranonyldiphenylamine; and naphthylamines such as
.alpha.-naphthylamine, phenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
butylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
pentylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
hexylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
heptylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
octylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine and
nonylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine. Particularly, the amine
antioxidant preferably has an alkyl group of 4 to 24 carbon atoms,
more preferably 6 to 18 carbon atoms. One of the above amine
antioxidants may be used alone or a combination of two or more
thereof may be used.
[0044] Examples of the phenolic antioxidant include
2,6-di-t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol,
4,4'-methylene-bis(2,6-di-t-butylphenol),
4,4'-butylidene-bis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),
2,2'-methylene-bis(4-ethyl-6-t-butylphenol),
2,2'-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),
4,4'-isopropylidene-bisphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butylphenol,
tetrakis[methylene-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]methane,
1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl)butane,
1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzil)benzene,
2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol and the like.
[0045] Examples of the sulfuric antioxidant include,
dialkylthiodipropionate, a derivative of dialkyldithio-carbamic
acid (except a metal salt),
bis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzil)sulfide, mercaptobenzothiazole,
a reactant of phosphorus pentasulfide and olefin, dicetyl sulfide
and the like.
[0046] One of the above various antioxidants may be used alone or a
combination of two or more thereof may be used. Particularly, the
amine antioxidant, phenolic antioxidant or zinc
alkyldithiophosphate are preferably used. A content of such an
antioxidant is preferably in a range from 0.05 to 3 mass % of the
total amount of the composition.
[0047] The metal deactivator is exemplified by benzotriazole and
thiadiazole, which may be used alone or in a combination of two or
more. A content of such a metal deactivator is preferably in a
range from 0.01 to 5 mass % of the total amount of the
composition.
[0048] Examples of the antifoaming agent include a silicone
compound and an ester compound, which may be used alone or in a
combination of two or more. A content of such an antifoaming agent
is preferably in a range from 0.05 to 5 mass % of the total amount
of the composition.
[0049] Examples of the viscosity index improver include
polymethacrylate, an olefin copolymer such as an ethylene-propylene
copolymer, a dispersed olefin copolymer, a styrene copolymer such
as a hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer, which may be used alone
or in a combination of two or more thereof. A content of such a
viscosity index improver is preferably in a range from 0.01 to 10
mass % of the total amount of the composition.
[0050] The pour point depressant may be exemplified by
polymethacrylate. A content of such a pour point depressant is
preferably in a range from 0.01 to 10 mass % of the total amount of
the composition.
[0051] The surfactant may be exemplified by polyoxyethylene
alkylphenyl ether. A content of such a surfactant is preferably in
a range from 0.01 to 10 mass % of the total amount of the
composition.
[0052] The lubricating oil composition of the above aspect of the
invention can be used for various automatic transmissions such as a
multistage transmission, a chain type continuously variable
transmission equipped with a chain, a belt-type continuously
variable transmission equipped with a metallic belt or a
traction-drive type continuously variable transmission equipped
with a traction-drive.
EXAMPLES
[0053] The invention will be described in more detail below with
reference to examples and comparatives.
[0054] The invention should not be construed as limited to what is
described in the examples and the like.
Examples 1 to 9 and Comparatives 1 to 6
[0055] Lubricating oil compositions as shown in Tables 1 and 2 were
prepared. The prepared lubricating oil compositions were evaluated
on coefficient of kinetic friction (.mu.d) and coefficient of
static friction (.mu.o) when being dynamic and coefficient of
static friction (.mu.s) when being static with use of SAE No. 2
friction testing machine under the following experimental
conditions (based on JASOM348-2002). Specifically, the evaluation
was carried out with a cellulose clutch material used for a
practical transmission under the conditions of surface pressure
being 0.2 to 0.3 N/mm.sup.2, oil temperature being 100 degrees C.,
dynamic rotation speed being 3000 rpm and static rotation speed
being 0.7 rpm.
[0056] Under the above experimental conditions, .mu.d and .mu.s at
3000 cycles were measured and .mu. ratio (.mu.o/.mu.d) was
obtained. When .mu.s is more than 0.1, transmission torque is
practically high enough. When .mu. ratio is 1 or less, anti-shock
transmission property is excellent.
[0057] The results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. Components
used are respectively shown below.
(1) Lubricating base oil: Paraffinic base oil having a pour point
of minus 30 degrees C., a kinematic viscosity at 100 degrees C. of
3.5 mm.sup.2/s and % C.sub.A being 0.1 mass % or less
(2) Additive:
(2-1) Component A: Imide Compound
[0058] A1: Polybutenyl succinimide [0059] (polybutenyl group: 950
molecular weight (Mw); Nitrogen content in the compound: 1.5 mass
%) [0060] A2: Boron-containing polybutenyl succinimide [0061]
(polybutenyl group: 2200 molecular weight (Mw); Nitrogen content in
the compound: 0.5 mass %) [0062] A3: Polybutenyl succinimide [0063]
(polybutenyl group: 280 molecular weight (Mw); Nitrogen content in
the compound: 5 mass %)
(2-2) Component B: Amide Compound
[0063] [0064] B1: Polyamide obtained by fusing isostearic acid to
tetraethylenepentamine (Nitrogen content in the compound: 5 mass %)
[0065] B2: Polyamide obtained by fusing oleic acid to
diethylenepentamine (Nitrogen content in the compound: 3 mass %)
[0066] B3: Polyamide obtained by fusing lauric acid to
hexaethylenepentamine (Nitrogen content in the compound: 8 mass
%)
(2-3) Component C: Aliphatic Amine Compound
[0066] [0067] C1: Oleylamine (Nitrogen content in the compound: 5
mass %) [0068] C2: Mixed fatty acid amine (Nitrogen content in the
compound: 3 mass %) [0069] C3: Beef tallow propylenediamine
(Nitrogen content in the compound: 8 mass %)
(2-4) Component D: Antioxidant
[0069] [0070] D1: Alkyldiphenylamine (Nitrogen content in the
compound: 4.8 mass %)
TABLE-US-00001 [0070] TABLE 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example
4 Example 5 Lubricating oil Lubricating base oil remainder
remainder remainder remainder remainder composition Additive
Component A1 540 -- -- 540 540 (ppm by A (Imide) A2 -- 300 -- -- --
mass) A3 -- -- 950 -- -- Component B B1 650 650 650 -- -- (Amide)
B2 -- -- -- 380 -- B3 -- -- -- -- 1300 Component C C1 170 170 170
170 -- (Aliphatic C2 -- -- -- -- 35 amine) C3 -- -- -- -- -- A + B
+ C (Total) 1360 1120 1770 1090 1875 Component D 140 -- -- -- --
(antioxidant) Evaluation result SAENo2 .mu.s 0.122 0.105 0.135
0.115 0.110 .mu.0/.mu.d 0.94 0.88 0.99 0.94 0.96 Example 6 Example
7 Example 8 Example 9 Lubricating oil Lubricating base oil
remainder remainder remainder remainder composition Additive
Component A1 540 -- 540 -- (ppm by A (Imide) A2 -- -- -- -- mass)
A3 -- 950 -- 950 Component B B1 650 -- -- 650 (Amide) B2 -- 380 350
-- B3 -- -- -- -- Component C C1 -- -- 170 170 (Aliphatic C2 35 --
-- -- amine) C3 -- 360 -- -- A + B + C (Total) 1225 1690 1060 1770
Component D -- -- -- 140 (antioxidant) Evaluation result SAENo2
.mu.s 0.120 0.103 0.101 0.150 .mu.0/.mu.d 0.96 0.90 0.88 0.99
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar-
Compar- ative 1 ative 2 ative 3 ative 4 ative 5 ative 6 Lubricating
oil Lubricating base oil remainder remainder remainder remainder
remainder remainder composition Additive Component A1 -- 280 540 --
-- -- (ppm by A (Imide) A2 180 -- -- -- 200 -- mass) A3 -- -- --
1500 -- 1050 Component B1 -- -- 650 -- -- -- B (Amide) B2 -- 280 --
380 -- 380 B3 1300 -- -- -- 1600 -- Component C1 -- -- -- 170 -- --
C (Aliphatic C2 -- -- -- -- 35 -- amine) C3 360 360 -- -- -- 450 A
+ B + C (Total) 1840 920 1190 2050 1835 1880 Component D -- -- --
-- -- -- (antioxidant) Evaluation SAENo2 .mu.s 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.15
0.09 0.08 result .mu.0/.mu.d 0.82 0.85 1.03 1.30 0.92 0.88
[Evaluation Results]
[0071] As is understood from Examples 1 to 9 of Table 1, in each of
the lubricating oil compositions of the aspect of the invention,
.mu.s is 0.1 or more (i.e., transmission torque is large) and .mu.
ratio (.mu.o/.mu.d) is small at 1 or less (i.e., anti-shock
transmission property is excellent).
[0072] On the other hand, as is understood from Table 2, in
Comparative 1, is extremely small since the content of the imide
compound is low although the contents of the amide compounds and
the aliphatic amine compounds are sufficient. Consequently,
transmission torque becomes quite deficient. In Comparative 2,
.mu.s is not sufficient since the imide compound and the amide
compound each are less contained although the content of the
aliphatic amine compound is sufficient. Consequently, transmission
torque becomes deficient. In Comparative 3, the aliphatic amine
compound is not contained, so that .mu. ratio is large and
anti-shock transmission property is poor. In Comparative 4, since
the imide compound is excessively contained, .mu. ratio is large
and anti-shock transmission property is considerably poor although
.mu.s is large. In Comparative 5, the content of the imide compound
is excessively small and the content of the amide compound is
excessively large, so that .mu.s is slightly low at 0.09 although
.mu. ratio is 1 or less. Consequently, transmission torque becomes
deficient. In Comparative 6, the contents of the imide compound and
the amide compound are excessively large, so that .mu.s is slightly
low at 0.08 although .mu. ratio is 1 or less. Consequently,
transmission torque becomes deficient.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
[0073] The invention is applicable as a lubricating oil composition
for an automatic transmission used for a multistage transmission
and a continuously variable transmission of a metallic belt type, a
chain type, a traction drive type and the like.
* * * * *