U.S. patent application number 12/367511 was filed with the patent office on 2010-08-12 for constructional building set comprising building elements for person with color vision deficiency, and such building elements.
Invention is credited to Ajmal M. M. Beg.
Application Number | 20100203796 12/367511 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42540798 |
Filed Date | 2010-08-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100203796 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Beg; Ajmal M. M. |
August 12, 2010 |
CONSTRUCTIONAL BUILDING SET COMPRISING BUILDING ELEMENTS FOR PERSON
WITH COLOR VISION DEFICIENCY, AND SUCH BUILDING ELEMENTS
Abstract
A building element for a constructional building comprising a
top face, a plurality of side walls extending downwardly from the
top face, a plurality of coupling studs which are arranged on the
top face, a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional
periodical pattern between the side walls to receive the coupling
studs in frictional engagement and at least one color indicator
which is part of the building element and indicates the color of at
least one surface area of the building element. The color indicator
is a symbol or a model of a real object. The color indicator also
represents the shade of the color of the building element. The
color indicator is a three dimensional space positioned within the
the external surface of the said building element or is a three
dimensional protruding structure positioned on the external surface
of the building element or is printed on the external surface of
the building element. The color indicator which is in the form of
protruding three dimensional structure can be released from the
external surface of the building element. Same color indicators are
positioned on more than one side walls of the said building element
allowing the perception of the color when color indicator on other
wall is not visible. The position of the color indicator or the
dimensions of the color indicator may be used to represent color of
the building element. Multiple color indicators may be combined
together to represent a new color. The building element may have
boundaries to indicate the color of a specific area on the surface
of the building element.
Inventors: |
Beg; Ajmal M. M.; (Runcorn,
AU) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Ajmal M.M. Beg
7065 Laguna Way, NE
Calgary
AB
T1Y 7A7
CA
|
Family ID: |
42540798 |
Appl. No.: |
12/367511 |
Filed: |
February 7, 2009 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
446/120 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H 33/086 20130101;
A63H 33/042 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
446/120 |
International
Class: |
A63H 33/06 20060101
A63H033/06 |
Claims
1. A building element for a constructional building set comprising:
a. a top face. b. a plurality of side walls extending downwardly
from the top face. c. a plurality of coupling studs which are
arranged in a two-dimensional periodical pattern on the top face d.
a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodical
pattern between the side walls to receive the coupling studs in
frictional engagement e. at least one color indicator which is
positioned on the external surface of the building element and
indicates the color of at least one surface area of the building
element
2. A building element according to claim 1, characterized in that
the outer boundaries of the top plan view of the said building
element are within the standard dimension of the building element;
wherein standard dimension of the said element is defined as outer
boundaries of an area which is union of standard cell areas for all
those coupling studs which are arranged in two-dimensional periodic
pattern on the top face of a base plate and overlap fully or
partially with area that is bounded by the outer boundary of top
view of the said building element when the said building element is
frictionally engaged with the said base plate and said base plate
has a size larger than outer boundaries of top view of the said
building element; also wherein a standard cell area of said
coupling stud/cavity is a squared area with each side of size d
where d is the minimum distance between centers of adjacent said
coupling studs/cavities existing in the same two-dimensional
plane.
3. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said color
indicator is in form of at least one three dimensional space
positioned within the external surface of the said building
element.
4. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said color
indicator is in form of at least one three-dimensional protruding
structure positioned on the external surface of the said building
element.
5. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said color
indicator is printed on the external surface of the said building
element.
6. A building element according to claim 1, wherein same color
indicator is positioned on more than one side walls of the said
building element.
7. A building element according to claim 4, wherein said three
dimensional protruding structure releasably attach with the
external surface of the said building element.
8. A building element according to claim 1, wherein position of the
said color indicator indicates the color of at least one surface
area of the said building element.
9. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the dimensions
of the said color indicator indicates the the color of at least one
surface area of the said building element.
10. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the color
indicator is a model of a real object.
11. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the color
indicator is at least one character.
12. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the color
indicator represents a binary string.
13. A building element according to claim 1, wherein color
indicator also represent the type or strength of a color.
14. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said multiple
color indicators are combined to represent a new color.
15. A building element according to claim 1, wherein top face area
of the said building element is comprised of multiple subareas.
16. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the said
cavities to accommodate said coupling studs are positioned in
different subareas.
17. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said building
element has boundaries to indicate the area that is represented by
the said color indicator.
18. A building element according to claim 1, wherein it has a color
map which includes the indicator of at least one subarea and its
color information.
19. A building element according to claim 8, wherein a reference
point is positioned on the external surface of the said building
element and used to facilitate differentiate positions of the color
indicator.
20. A construction building set containing at least one building
element according to claim 1.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This invention relates to a constructional building set
comprising building elements for person with color vision
deficiency and such building elements.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Constructional building sets comprising of building elements
with complementary coupling means are popular among persons
belonging to different mental/physical age groups. MegaBlocks.RTM.,
Lego.RTM. and Duplo.RTM. are examples of popular brands of
constructional building sets. Such constructional building sets
contain building elements of different colors. A person with color
vision deficiency is unable to perceive difference between some of
the colors that a person without color vision deficiency can
distinguish. Color vision deficiency can be total or partial. While
engaging with constructional building sets, a person with color
vision deficiency is at disadvantageous position compared to the
person without color vision deficiency. For instance;
[0003] A person with color vision deficiency may need to
ask/confirm colors of building elements from other person without
color vision deficiency which can be inconvenient for both such
persons.
[0004] A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to
sort and store the building elements according to their colors.
[0005] A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to
store the building elements according to their colors in a storage
container of the building construction set.
[0006] A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to
select building elements with right color when asked by another
person without color vision deficiency to give him/her building
elements of specific color.
[0007] A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to
frictionally engage building elements with right color combination
when asked to do so by other person without color vision
deficiency.
[0008] Building elements can be frictionally engaged in models
which resemble real objects such as ship, castle, house and garden.
Such models can be used to learn the color combinations of actual
objects. Inability to perceive specific colors may make it
difficult to learn about the color combinations of the actual
objects.
[0009] Building elements frictionally engaged in complex model are
put to display too. A person with color with color vision
deficiency may not be able to perceive correctly colors of certain
building elements in such complex model and may need to confirm
different occasions the colors of elements from the person without
color vision deficiency.
[0010] A person with color vision deficiency cannot recognize how
building elements of different colors are frictionally engaged in
specific order.
[0011] A person with color vision deficiency may also develop
psychological problems, if he/she is in above disadvantageous
position repeatedly over extended period of time. Hence, there is a
need for building elements whose colors could be easily perceived
by the person with color vision deficiency. There is also need for
constructional building set comprising such building elements.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] The accompanying drawings together with the description,
serve to explain the principles of the invention.
[0013] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building element according
to prior art;
[0014] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a building element according
to prior art;
[0015] FIG. 3 is top plan view of a building element according to
prior art;
[0016] FIG. 4 is bottom plan view of a building element according
to prior art;
[0017] FIG. 5 is side view of a building element according to prior
art;
[0018] FIG. 6 is side view of a building element according to prior
art;
[0019] FIG. 7 is top plan view of a building element according to
prior art;
[0020] FIG. 8 is side and top plan view of a building element
according to prior art;
[0021] FIG. 9 is a top plan view of building element according to
prior art when such building element is frictionally engaged with a
base plate which is larger than the outer boundaries of its top
plan view;
[0022] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a building element
according to prior art;
[0023] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a building element
according to prior art;
[0024] FIG. 12 is top plan view of a building element according to
prior art;
[0025] FIG. 13 is bottom plan view of a building element according
to prior art;
[0026] FIG. 14 is side view of a building element according to
prior art;
[0027] FIG. 15 is perspective view of multiple building elements
according to prior art in frictional engagement;
[0028] FIG. 16 is perspective view of multiple building elements
according to prior art in frictional engagement;
[0029] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of building element according
to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] FIG. 18 is a perspective view of building element according
to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] FIG. 19 is bottom plan view of building element according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] FIG. 20 is top plan view of building element according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] FIG. 21 is side view of building element according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] FIG. 22 is a perspective view of building element with large
coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0035] FIG. 23 is a perspective view of building element with large
coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0036] FIG. 24 is top plan view of building element with large
coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0037] FIG. 25 is bottom plan view of building element with large
coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0038] FIG. 26 is side view of building element with large coupling
studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0039] FIG. 27 is a perspective view of two building elements which
are contained in a construction building set and are according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0040] FIG. 28 is bottom plan view of two building elements which
are contained in a construction building set and are according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0041] FIG. 29 is top plan view of two building elements which are
contained in a construction building set and are according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0042] FIG. 30 is side view of two building elements which are
contained in a construction building set and are according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0043] FIG. 31 is a perspective view of two building elements with
large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building
set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0044] FIG. 32 is bottom plan view of two building elements with
large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building
set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0045] FIG. 33 is top plan view of two building elements with large
coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set
and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0046] FIG. 34 is side view of two building elements with large
coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set
and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0047] FIG. 35 is a perspective view of two building elements which
are contained in a construction building set and are according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0048] FIG. 36 is bottom plan view of two building elements which
are contained in a construction building set according and are to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0049] FIG. 37 is top plan view of two building elements which are
contained in a construction building set and are according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0050] FIG. 38 is side view of two building elements which are
contained in a construction building set and are according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0051] FIG. 39 is a perspective view of two building elements with
large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building
set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0052] FIG. 40 is bottom plan view of two building elements with
large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building
set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0053] FIG. 41 is top plan view of two building elements with large
coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set
and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0054] FIG. 42 is side view of two building elements with large
coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set
and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0055] FIG. 43 is a perspective view of a building element
according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0056] FIG. 44 is a perspective view of a building element with
large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0057] FIG. 45 is a perspective view of a building element
according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0058] FIG. 46 is a perspective view of a building element with
large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0059] FIG. 47-FIG. 49 are perspective views of building elements
contained in a construction building set according to exemplary
embodiment of the present invention;
[0060] FIG. 50-FIG. 52 are perspective views of building elements
contained in a construction building set according to exemplary
embodiment of the present invention;
[0061] FIG. 53 is a top plan view of a building element which has
releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0062] FIG. 54 is a side view of a building element when color
indicator is released according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0063] FIG. 55 is a side view of a building element when color
indicator is attached according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0064] FIG. 56 is the front view of releasable color indicator
according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0065] FIG. 57 is the side view of releasable color indicator
according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0066] FIG. 58 is a top plan view of a building element which has
releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0067] FIG. 59 is a side view of a building element when color
indicator is released according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0068] FIG. 60 is a side view of a building element when color
indicator is attached according to exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0069] FIG. 61 is the front view of releasable color indicator
according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0070] FIG. 62 is the side view of releasable color indicator
according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0071] FIG. 63-FIG. 65 are side views of building elements
contained in a construction building set according to exemplary
embodiment of the present invention;
[0072] FIG. 66 is perspective view of building element according to
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0073] FIG. 67 is perspective view of building element with large
coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0074] According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a
building element for a constructional building set having top face,
a plurality of side walls extending downwardly from the top face, a
plurality of coupling studs which are arranged on the top face, a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodical
pattern between the side walls to receive the coupling studs in
frictional engagement and at least one color indicator which is
part of the building element and indicates the color of at least
one surface area of the building element. According to another
aspect of the invention, color indicator is a symbol or a model of
a real object. According to another aspect of the invention, color
indicator also represents the shade of the color of the building
element. According to another aspect of the invention, color
indicator is a three-dimensional space positioned within the
external surface of the said building element or is a
three-dimensional protruding structure positioned on the external
surface of the building element or is printed on the external
surface of the building element. According to another aspect of the
invention, color indicator which is in the form of protruding
three-dimensional structure can be released from the external
surface of the building element. According to another aspect of the
invention, same color indicator is positioned on more than one side
walls of the said building element allowing the perception of the
color when color indicator on other wall is not visible. According
to another aspect of the invention, the position of color indicator
or the dimension of color indicator is used to represent color of
the building element. According to another aspect of the invention,
multiple color indicators are combined together to represent a new
color. According to another aspect of the invention, the building
element has boundaries to indicate the color of a specific area on
the surface of the building element.
[0075] As an example of prior art, a building element 11 contained
in constructional building sets from Lego.RTM. is illustrated in
FIG. 1 to FIG. 5. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are perspective views of the
building element 11 from different angles. FIG. 3 is top plan view
of the building element 11. FIG. 4 is bottom plan view of the
building element 11. FIG. 5 is side view of the building element
11. The building element 11 comprises a top face 12, a plurality of
side walls 14 extending downwardly from the top face 12, a
plurality of coupling studs 13 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 12 and a plurality
of cavities 23 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern
between the side walls 14 to receive the coupling studs 13 from
other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 23 is
realized by circular tube 21 and guide ribs 22. As illustrated in
FIG. 3, d 19 is the minimum distance between centers of two
adjacent coupling studs 13 when such two adjacent coupling studs 13
are positioned on the same two-dimensional plane. Similarly, as
illustrated in FIG. 4, d 19 is also the minimum distance between
the centers of adjacent cavities 23 which frictionally engage
coupling studs 13. A squared area with each side of size d 19 and
having its center at the center of a coupling stud 13 is referred
in this description of the present invention as Standard Cell Area
24. Shaded square area 24 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 represents one
Standard Cell Area for the building element 11.
[0076] Squared box shaped building element 11 illustrated in FIG. 1
to FIG. 5 does not have subareas for top face 12 and subareas
within the space extending between side walls 14. Building element
contained in a construction building set can also have subareas for
top face 12 and space extending between side walls 14. FIG. 6
illustrates a side view of an exemplary embodiment of building
element 61 according to prior art. FIG. 7 is the top plan view of
this building element 61. The building element 61 comprises a top
face 62, a plurality of side walls 64 extending downwardly from the
top face 62, a plurality of coupling studs 63 arranged in
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 62, and a
plurality of cavities 65 arranged in two-dimensional periodic
pattern to accommodate coupling studs 63 13 from other building
elements. The top face 62 has three sub areas 66 67 68. Two sub
areas 66 68 has four coupling studs each arranged in
two-dimensional pattern. Third subarea 67 is without any coupling
stud. All subareas 66 67 68 have different heights h1 6100, h2 6101
and h3 6102 respectively. The space between side walls 64 extending
downwardly also has three subareas 6103 6104 6105 each of which is
at height h4 6106, h5 6107 and h6 6108 respectively. Only two
subareas 6103 6105 have cavities 65.
[0077] FIG. 8 illustrates top plan view 85 and side view 86 of a
building element 80 according to prior art. The building element 80
comprises a top face 81, a plurality of side walls 83 extending
downwardly from the top face 81, a plurality of coupling studs 82
which are arranged on the top face 81 and a plurality of cavities
84 positioned between side walls 83 to receive the coupling studs
13 82 from other building elements in frictional engagement. FIG. 9
illustrates a top plan view of base plate 92 which is a union of
two-dimensionally arranged standard cell areas 93. The building
element 80 is frictionally engaged with base plate 92 in such a
manner that the outer boundary of top plan view 89 of building
element 80 is within the outer boundary of top plan view of base
plate 92. Any Standard Cell Area of base plate 92 which overlaps
fully or partially with area that is bounded by the outer boundary
of top plan view 89 of the building element 80 is illustrated with
shaded area 95 in FIG. 9. The union of shaded areas 99 in FIG. 9 is
referred as Standard Dimension in this disclosure of the present
invention. Building elements 11 61 80 according to prior art do not
have color indicator on their external surface, which could help a
person with color vision deficiency perceive the color of a
building element easily. In case, color indicator is positioned on
the external surface of any such building element 11 61 80 to help
person with color vision deficiency perceive the color easily, the
top plan view of outer boundaries of such color indicator needs to
remain within the Standard Dimension of the building element to
allow this building element frictionally engage with other building
elements in large number of manners.
[0078] An example of building element 101 contained in
constructional building set from MegaBlock.RTM. is illustrated in
FIG. 10 to FIG. 14. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are perspective views of
the building element 101 from different angles. FIG. 12 is a top
plan view of the building element 101. FIG. 13 is a bottom plan
view of the building element 101. FIG. 14 is side view of the
building element 101. The building element 101 comprises a top face
102, a plurality of side walls 104 extending downwardly from the
top face 102, coupling studs 103 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 102 and cavities
113 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side
walls 104 to receive the coupling studs 103 from other building
elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 113 is realized by the
guide ribs 112. The building element 101 has also inner wall 111 on
which some of the guide ribs 112 forming cavities 113 are
positioned. As illustrated in FIG. 12, d 105 is the minimum
distance between centers of any two adjacent coupling studs 103
which are positioned on the same two-dimensional space. As
illustrated in FIG. 13, d 105 is also the minimum distance between
the centers of two adjacent cavities 113 which are positioned on
the same two-dimensional space. Shaded area 106 in FIG. 12 and FIG.
13 illustrate one Standard Cell Area for the building element 101.
In case of the building element 101, Standard Dimension is same as
the top face 102 of the building element 101. Such building element
101 according to prior art do not have color indicator on their
external surface. In case, color indicator is positioned on the
external surface of the building element 101 to help person with
color vision deficiency perceive the color easily, the top plan
view of outer boundaries of such color indicator needs to remain
within the Standard Dimension of the building element 101 to allow
this building element 101 frictionally engage with other building
elements in large number of manners.
[0079] FIG. 15 is perspective view of building elements 151 152 153
154 155 in frictional engagement. Each of the building elements 151
152 153 154 155 have features of the building element 11 as
illustrated in FIG. 1. The building element 155 has multiple
cavities 23 and is able to frictionally engage with coupling studs
13 form the multiple building elements 151 152 153 154. The
multiple cavities 23 and multiple coupling studs 13 of the building
elements 11 allow the flexibility of frictionally engaging with
other building elements in large number of arrangements. The
building elements 151 152 153 154 can be placed side by side, as
the top plan view of the top face 12 is the same as the Standard
Dimension of the building element 11. These three features of
building element 11 allow the flexibility of arranging building
elements 11 in large number of manners. FIG. 16 is perspective view
of building elements 161 162 163, each of which having features of
building element 101 as illustrated in FIG. 10. The building
element 163 has multiple cavities 113 and is able to frictionally
engage with coupling studs 103 form multiple building elements 161
162. The multiple cavities 113, multiple coupling studs 103 and the
feature of top plan view of top face 102 being same as the Standard
Dimension, allow the flexibility of frictionally engaging building
elements 101 in large number of arrangements.
[0080] FIG. 17 to FIG. 21 illustrate an exemplary embodiment
according to present invention. FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are perspective
views of the building element 171 from different angles. FIG. 19 is
bottom plan view of the building element 171. FIG. 20 is top plan
view of the building element 171. FIG. 21 is side view of the
building element 171. The building element 171 comprises a top face
172, a plurality of side walls 174 extending downwardly from the
top face 172, a plurality of coupling studs 173 which are arranged
in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 172 and a
plurality of cavities 183 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 174 to receive the coupling studs
173 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity
183 in the building element 171 is realized by guide ribs 182 and
inner walls 181 on which these guide ribs 182 are positioned. The
color indicator 175 of the building element 171 is a collection of
round shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 176. Different
spatially distributions of round shaped shallow cavities 176
indicate different colors. For instance; one round cavity 176 in
first row 177 may represent green color; two round cavities 176 in
first row 177 may represent brown color; first row 177 and second
row 178 each filled with round cavities 176 may represent red
color. The number of round cavities 176 in third row 179, may be
used to represent type/strength of shade for color represented by
first two rows 177 178. The color indicator 175 exists on multiple
side walls 174, helping determine the color of the building element
171, when some of the color indicators 175 are hidden from sight of
person for different reasons such as one building element being
behind other building element 171. Outer boundaries of top plan
view of all round cavities 176, remains within the Standard
Dimension of the building element 171, thus allowing building
element 171 frictionally engage with other building elements in
large number of manners.
[0081] FIG. 22 to FIG. 26 illustrate another exemplary embodiment
of building element having larger coupling studs 223 according to
the present invention. FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 are perspective views of
the building element 221 from different angles. FIG. 24 is top plan
view of building element 221. FIG. 25 is bottom plan view of
building element 221. FIG. 26 is side view of the building element
221. The building element 221 comprises a top face 222, a plurality
of side walls 224 extending downwardly from the top face 222, a
plurality of coupling studs 223 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 222 and a
plurality of cavities 233 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 224 to receive the coupling studs
223 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity
233 in the building element 221 is realized by guide ribs 232 and
inner walls 231 on which these guide ribs 232 are positioned. The
color indicator 225 of the building element 221 is a collection of
round shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 226. Different
spatially distributions of round shaped shallow cavities 226
indicate different colors. For instance; one round cavity 226 in
first row 227 may represent green; two round cavities 226 in first
row 227 may represent brown color; first row 227 and second row 228
each filled with round cavities 226 may represent red color. The
number of round cavities 226 in the third row 229 may represent
strength/type of the shade of the color represented by first two
rows 227 228. The color indicator 225 exists on multiple side walls
224, which helps determine the color of the building element 221,
even when some of the color indicators 225 are hidden from sight of
person for different reasons such as one building element being
behind other building elements 221. Outer boundaries of top plan
view of all round cavities 226, remains within the Standard
Dimension of the building element 221, thus allowing building
element 221 frictionally engage with other building elements in
large number of manners.
[0082] FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 illustrate two building elements 270 275
according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention
and which are contained in a construction building set. FIG. 27 is
a perspective view of building elements 270 275 when they are
placed in the same two-dimensional planes positioned at different
heights respectively. FIG. 28 is bottom plan view when the building
elements 270 275 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 29 is a
top plan view when the building elements 270 275 are placed
adjacent to one another. FIG. 30 is the side view of building
elements 270 275 when they are positioned in the same
two-dimensional planes at different heights. FIG. 27 to FIG. 30
also contain dimension lines 2700 for the purpose of explaining the
features of the present invention.
[0083] First building element 270 in FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 comprises a
top face 271, a plurality of side walls 273 extending downwardly
from the top face 271, a plurality of coupling studs 272 which are
arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 271
and a plurality of cavities 283 arranged in a two-dimensional
periodic pattern between the side walls 273 to receive the coupling
studs 272 277 from other building elements in frictional
engagement. A cavity 283 is realized by guide ribs 282 and inner
walls 281 in the building element 270 on which these guide ribs 282
are positioned. The color indicator 274 of the building element 270
is a collection of square shaped spatially distributed shallow
cavities 288.
[0084] Second building element 275 in FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 comprises
a top face 276, a plurality of side walls 278 extending downwardly
from the top face 276, a plurality of coupling studs 277 which are
arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 276
and a plurality of cavities 287 arranged in a two-dimensional
periodic pattern between the side walls 278 to receive the coupling
studs 272 277 from other building elements in frictional
engagement. A cavity 287 is realized by guide ribs 286 positioned
on the short inner walls 284 and long inner walls 285 in the
building element 275. The color indicator 279 of the building
element 275 is a three-dimensional square shaped structure
positioned on the side wall 278. Short inner walls 284 are attached
to the side wall 2780 on which the color indicator 279 is
positioned. Such short inner walls 284 helps outer boundaries of
top plan view of color indicator 274 being contained within
Standard Dimension.
[0085] FIG. 31 to FIG. 34 illustrate two building elements with
large coupling studs 310 315 according to another exemplary
embodiment of the present invention and are contained in a
construction building set. FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the
building elements 310 315 when they are placed in the same
two-dimensional planes positioned at different heights
respectively. FIG. 32 is bottom plan view when the building
elements 310 315 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 33 is top
plan view when the building elements 310 315 are placed adjacent to
one another. FIG. 34 is the side view of the building elements 310
315 when those 310 315 are placed in the same two-dimensional
planes of different heights. FIG. 31 to FIG. 34 also contain
dimension lines 3100 for the purpose of explaining the features of
the present invention.
[0086] The first building element 310 in FIG. 31 to FIG. 34
comprises a top face 311, a plurality of side walls 313 extending
downwardly from the top face 311, a plurality of coupling studs 312
which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top
face 311 and a plurality of cavities 323 arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 313 to
receive the coupling studs 312 317 from other building elements in
frictional engagement. An inner wall 321 exists between side walls
313. A cavity 323 is realized by guide ribs 322 attached to inner
walls 321 and inner surface of side walls 313. The color indicator
314 of the building element 310 is a collection of square shaped
spatially distributed shallow cavities 328.
[0087] The second building element 315 in FIG. 31 to FIG. 34
comprises a top face 316, a plurality of side walls 318 extending
downwardly from the top face 316, a plurality of coupling studs 317
which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top
face 316 and a plurality of cavities 327 arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 318 to
receive the coupling studs 312 317 from other building elements in
frictional engagement. An inner wall 329 exists between side walls
318. A cavity 327 is realized by short guide ribs 324 and long
guide ribs 325 in the building element 315. The color indicator 319
of the building element 315 is a three-dimensional protruding
square shaped structure positioned on the side wall 3180. The short
guide ribs 324 helps top plan view of outer boundary of color
indicator 319 being contained within the Standard Dimension, thus
allowing building element 315 frictionally engage with other
building elements 310 315 in large number of manners.
[0088] FIG. 35 to FIG. 38 illustrate two building elements 350 355
contained in a construction building set according to another
exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 35 is a
perspective view of building elements 350 355 when those 350 355
are placed in the same two-dimensional planes positioned at
different heights respectively. FIG. 36 is bottom plan view when
the building elements 350 355 are placed adjacent to one another.
FIG. 37 is top plan view when the building elements 350 355 are
placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 38 is the side view of the
building elements 350 355 when they are placed in the same
two-dimensional planes at different heights respectively. FIG. 35
to FIG. 38 also contain dimension lines 3500 for the purpose of
explaining the features of the present invention.
[0089] The first building element 350 in FIG. 35 to FIG. 38
comprises a top face 351, a plurality of side walls 353 extending
downwardly from the top face 351, a plurality of coupling studs 352
which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top
face 351 and a plurality of cavities 363 arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 353 to
receive the coupling studs 352 357 from other building elements in
frictional engagement. The cavity 363 is realized by guide ribs 362
which are positioned on inner walls 361 in the building element
350. The color indicator 354 of the building element 350 is a
collection of square shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities
358.
[0090] The second building element 355 in FIG. 35 to FIG. 38
comprises a top face 356, a plurality of side walls 358 extending
downwardly from the top face 356, a plurality of coupling studs 357
which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top
face 356 and a plurality of cavities 367 arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 358 to
receive the coupling studs 352 357 from other building elements in
frictional engagement. A cavity 367 is realized by guide ribs 366
positioned on the short inner walls 364 and long inner walls 365 in
the building element 355. The color indicator 359 of the building
element 355 is a three-dimensional square shaped protruding
structure positioned on the side wall 3582. This side wall 3582 has
lower part 3580 and upper part 3581. The external surface of the
upper part 3581 is at larger depth compared to the external surface
of the lower part 3580. The color indicator 359 is positioned at
the upper part 3581. Short inner walls 364 are attached to the side
wall 3582. The short inner wall 364 has two parts. Lower part of
the short inner wall 364 is attached to the lower part of the side
wall 3580. Upper part of the short inner wall 364 is attached to
the upper part of the side wall 3581. Upper part of the short inner
wall 364 has small width compared to lower part of the short inner
wall 364. Such difference in the width at upper and lower part of
the short inner wall 364 helps outer boundaries of top plan view of
color indicator 359 being contained within the Standard Dimension.
Thus, allowing building element 355 engage with other building
elements 350 355 in large number of manners.
[0091] FIG. 39 to FIG. 42 illustrate two building elements with
large coupling studs 390 395 according to another exemplary
embodiment of the present invention and which 390 395 are contained
in a construction building set. FIG. 39 is a perspective view of
building elements 390 395 when they are placed in the same
two-dimensional planes at different heights respectively. FIG. 40
is bottom plan view when building elements 390 395 are placed next
to one another. FIG. 41 is top plan view when the building elements
390 395 are placed next to one another. FIG. 42 is the side view of
the building elements 390 395 when they are placed in the same
two-dimensional planes at different heights respectively. FIG. 39
to FIG. 42 also contain dimension lines 3900 for the purpose of
explaining the features of the present invention.
[0092] The first building element 390 in FIG. 39 to FIG. 42
comprises a top face 391, a plurality of side walls 393 extending
downwardly from the top face 391, a plurality of coupling studs 392
which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top
face 391 and a plurality of cavities 403 arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 393 to
receive the coupling studs 392 397 from other building elements in
frictional engagement. An inner wall 401 exists between side walls
393. The cavity 403 is realized by guide ribs 402 positioned on the
inner walls 401 and inner side of side walls 393. The color
indicator 394 of the building element 390 is a collection of square
shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 398.
[0093] The second building element 395 in FIG. 39 to FIG. 42
comprises a top face 396, a plurality of side walls 398 extending
downwardly from the top face 396, a plurality of coupling studs 397
which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top
face 396 and a plurality of cavities 407 arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 398 to
receive the coupling studs 397 392 from other building elements in
frictional engagement. An inner wall 409 exists between side walls
398. A cavity 407 is realized by short guide ribs 404 and long
guide ribs 405 in the building element 395. The color indicator 399
of the building element 395 is a three-dimensional square shaped
protruding structure positioned on the side wall 3982. This side
wall 3982 has lower part 3980 and upper part 3981. The external
surface of the upper part 3981 is at larger depth compared to the
external surface of the lower part 3980. The color indicator 399 is
positioned at the upper part 3981. The short inner walls 404 are
attached to the inner side of the side wall 3980. The short inner
wall 404 has two parts. The lower part of short inner wall 404 is
attached to the lower part of the side wall 3982. The upper part of
the short inner wall 404 is attached to the upper part of the side
wall 3981. The upper part of the short inner wall 404 has small
width compared to lower part of the short inner wall 404. Such
difference in the width at the upper and lower part of the short
inner wall 404 helps outer boundaries of the top plan view of the
color indicator 399 being contained within the Standard
Dimension.
[0094] FIG. 43 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according
to present invention. Building element 430 in FIG. 43 comprises a
top face 431, a plurality of side walls 433 extending downwardly
from the top face 431, a plurality of coupling studs 432 which are
arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 431
and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 433 to receive the coupling studs
432 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The
cavities of building element 430 are of the same style as of
building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator
434 of the building element 430 is a series of triangle shaped
edges 435 at the base of the side wall 433. In this exemplary
embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 435
represents a binary number. Large triangle 437 represents 1 and
small triangle 436 represents 0. The first four triangles 435
indicate a 4-digit binary string representing a type of color. The
last two triangles 436 represent a 2-digit binary string
representing strength/type of shade for color represented by first
4-digit binary number. A series of six triangles can represent
sixteen types of colors, where each color has four types of shades.
There are no guide ribs on the inner surface of side wall 433 on
the same style as guide ribs 22 illustrated in FIG. 2. Due to this,
the building element 430 does not reduce significantly the surface
of guide ribs which frictionally couple with the coupling studs of
other building elements, when the edges of the side walls 433 are
reduced in triangle shape. Color indicator 434 is only shown on one
side wall 433 in FIG. 43 for simplification purpose. However, color
indicator can exist on all side walls 433 of the building element
430.
[0095] FIG. 44 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according
to present invention for building element with large coupling
studs. The building element 440 in FIG. 44 comprises a top face
441, a plurality of side walls 443 extending downwardly from the
top face 441, a plurality of coupling studs 442 which are arranged
in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 441 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 443 to receive the coupling studs
442 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The
cavities of building element 440 are of the same style 232 as of
building element 221 illustrated in FIG. 25. The color indicator
444 of the building element 440 is a series of triangle shaped
edges 445 at the base of the side wall 443. In this exemplary
embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 445
represents a binary number. Large triangle 447 represents 1 and
small triangle 446 represents 0. First four triangles 445 represent
a 4-digit binary string which refers to a specific type of color.
The last two triangles 445 represent a 2-digit binary string which
refers to the shade of the color represented by the first 4-digit
binary number. A series of six triangles can represent sixteen
types of colors, where each color can have four shades. There are
no guide ribs on the inner surface of side wall 443 on the same
style as guide ribs 112 illustrated in FIG. 11. Due to this
feature, the building element 440 does not reduce the surface of
guide ribs which frictionally couple with the coupling studs of
other building elements, when the edges of the side walls 443 are
reduced in a series of triangle shape. The color indicator 444 is
only shown on one side wall 443 in FIG. 44 for simplification
purposes. However, the color indicator can exist on all side walls
433 of building element 440.
[0096] FIG. 45 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according
to present invention. Building element 450 in FIG. 45 comprises a
top face 451, a plurality of side walls 453 extending downwardly
from the top face 451, a plurality of coupling studs 452 which are
arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 451
and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 453 to receive the coupling studs
452 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The
cavities of building element 450 are of the same style as of
building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator
454 of the building element 450 is a series of triangle shaped
edges 455 at the upper edge of the side wall 453. In this exemplary
embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 455
represents a binary number. Large triangle 457 represents 1 and
small triangle 456 represents 0. First four triangles 455
represents a 4-digit binary string corresponding to a type of
color. The last two triangles 455 represent a 2-digit binary string
referring to a shade of the color represented by the first 4-digit
binary number. A series of six triangles can represent 16 types of
colors, where each color has 4 shades. There are no guide ribs on
the inner surface of side wall 453 on the same style as guide ribs
22 illustrated in FIG. 2. Because of this feature, the building
element 450 does not reduce the surface of guide ribs which
frictionally couple with the coupling studs of other building
elements, when the edges of the side walls 453 are reduced in
triangle shape. The color indicator 454 is only shown on one side
wall 453 in FIG. 45 for simplification purpose. However, the color
indicator can exist on all side walls 453 of the building element
450.
[0097] FIG. 46 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according
to present invention for building element with large coupling
studs. The building element 460 in FIG. 46 comprises a top face
461, a plurality of side walls 463 extending downwardly from the
top face 461, a plurality of coupling studs 462 which are arranged
in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 461 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 463 to receive the coupling studs
462 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The
cavities of building element 460 are of the same style as of
building element 221 illustrated in FIG. 25. The color indicator
464 of the building element 460 is a series of triangle shaped
edges 465 at the upper edge of the side wall 463. In this exemplary
embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 465
represents a binary number. Large triangle 467 represents 1 and
small triangle 466 represents 0. First four triangles 465
represents a 4-digit binary string which refers to a specific type
of color. The last two triangles 465 represent a 2-digit binary
string which refers to strength/type of shade for color represented
by first 4-digit binary number. A series of six triangles can
represent sixteen types of colors, where each color has four
shades. There are no guide ribs on the inner surface of side wall
463 on the same style as guide ribs 232 illustrated in FIG. 25. Due
to this feature, the building element 460 does not reduce the
surface of guide ribs which frictionally couple with the coupling
studs of other building elements, when the edges of the side walls
463 are reduced to a series of triangle shapes. Color indicator 464
is only shown on one side wall 463 in FIG. 46 for simplification
purposes. However, color indicator 464 can exist on all side walls
463 of the building element 460.
[0098] FIG. 47-FIG. 49 illustrate building elements 470 480 490 of
green color of different shades according to another exemplary
embodiment of the present invention which are contained into a
construction building set. The building element 470 illustrated in
FIG. 47 comprises a top face 471, a plurality of side walls 473
extending downwardly from the top face 471, a plurality of coupling
studs 472 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern
on the top face 471 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 473 to
receive the coupling studs 472 482 492 from other building elements
in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 470 are
of the same style as of building element 275 illustrated in FIG.
28. The color indicator 474 of the building element 470 is a
triangle shaped three-dimensional structure positioned on the
external surface of the side wall 473. The building element 480
illustrated in FIG. 48 comprises a top face 481, a plurality of
side walls 483 extending downwardly from the top face 481, a
plurality of coupling studs 482 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 481 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 483 to receive the coupling studs
472 482 492 from other building elements in frictional engagement.
The cavities of building element 480 are of the same style as of
building element 275 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator
484 of the building element 470 is a triangle shaped
three-dimensional structure positioned on the external surface of
the side wall 483. The building element 490 illustrated in FIG. 49
comprises a top face 491, a plurality of side walls 493 extending
downwardly from the top face 491, a plurality of coupling studs 492
which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top
face 491 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional
periodic pattern between the side walls 493 to receive the coupling
studs 472 482 492 from other building elements in frictional
engagement. The cavities of building element 490 are of the same
style as of building element 275 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color
indicator 494 of the building element 490 is a triangle shaped
three-dimensional structure positioned on the external surface of
the side wall 493. The only difference between color inductors 474
484 494 of building elements 470 480 490 respectively, is the size
of the color indicator. Size of the color indicators 474 484 494
indicates the strength of the shade of the color of that particular
building block. In this exemplary embodiment, small size color
indicator 474 indicates light green color, medium size color
indicator 484 indicates green color and large size color indicator
494 indicates dark green.
[0099] FIG. 50-FIG. 52 illustrate building elements 500 510 520 of
green, brown and red color respectively according to another
exemplary embodiment of the present invention and which are
contained into a construction building set. Building element 500
illustrated in FIG. 50 comprises a top face 501, a plurality of
side walls 503 extending downwardly from the top face 501, a
plurality of coupling studs 502 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 501 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 503 to receive the coupling studs
502 512 522 from other building elements in frictional engagement.
The cavities of building element 500 are of the same style as that
of building element 270 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator
504 of the building element 500 is a shallow round shaped cavity on
the external surface of the side wall 503. The building element 510
illustrated in FIG. 51 comprises a top face 511, a plurality of
side walls 513 extending downwardly from the top face 511, a
plurality of coupling studs 512 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 511 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 513 to receive the coupling studs
502 512 522 from other building elements in frictional engagement.
The cavities of building element 510 are of the same style as of
building element 270 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator
514 of the building element 510 is a shallow round shaped cavity on
the external surface of the side walls 513. Building element 520
illustrated in FIG. 52 comprises a top face 520, a plurality of
side walls 523 extending downwardly from the top face 521, a
plurality of coupling studs 522 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 521 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 523 to receive the coupling studs
502 512 522 from other building elements in frictional engagement.
The cavities of building element 522 are of the same style as of
building element 270 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator
522 of the building element 520 is a shallow round shaped cavity on
the external surface of the side wall 523. The only difference
between color inductors 504 514 524 of building elements 500 510
520 respectively, is the position of the color indicator 504 514
524 in refer to reference point 505 515 525 respectively. Position
of the color indicators 504 514 524 indicate the type of the color.
In this exemplary embodiment, one corner of the building elements
500 510 520 is trimmed to be used as a reference point 505 515 525
respectively.
[0100] FIG. 53-FIG. 57 illustrate a green color building element
530 which has releasable color indicator 534 according to another
exemplary embodiment of present invention. FIG. 53 is a top plan
view of the building element 530. FIG. 54 is a side view of the
building element 530 when color indicator 534 is released. FIG. 55
is a side view of the building element 530 when color indicator 534
is attached to the building element 530. FIG. 56 is the front view
of releasable color indicator 534. Building element 530 illustrated
in FIG. 53-FIG. 57 comprises a top face 530, a plurality of side
walls 533 extending downwardly from the top face 531, a plurality
of coupling studs 532 which are arranged in a two-dimensional
periodic pattern on the top face 531 and a plurality of cavities
arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side
walls 533 to receive the coupling studs 532 from other building
elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element
530 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in
FIG. 19. Side wall 5332 which accommodates color indicator 534 has
two types of surfaces 5330 5331. The first type of surface area
5330 is at a greater depth compared to the second type of surface
area 5331 when observed from the side of the building element 530.
First type of surface area 5330 accommodates color indicator 534.
The color indicator 534 in this exemplary embodiment of the present
invention resemble a real object; leaf. The first type of surface
area 5330 has a cavity 536 to releasably and frictionally engage
coupling stud 538 of color indicator 534. The color indicator 534
has small slots 539 on sides for nails to make it easier to release
color indicator 534 from cavity 536. As outer boundaries of top
plan view of the color indicator 534 when it is attached with the
building element 171 remain within the Standard Dimension, the
building element 530 can frictionally engage with other building
elements in large number of manners.
[0101] FIG. 58-FIG. 62 illustrate a green color building element
580 which has releasable color indicator 584 according to another
exemplary embodiment of present invention. FIG. 58 is a top plan
view of the building element 580. FIG. 59 is a side view of the
building element 580 when color indicator 584 is released. FIG. 60
is a side view of the building element 580 when color indicator 584
is attached to the building element 580. FIG. 61 is the front view
of releasable color indicator 584. Building element 580 as
illustrated in FIG. 58-FIG. 62 comprises a top face 580, a
plurality of side walls 583 extending downwardly from the top face
581, a plurality of coupling studs 582 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 581 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 583 to receive the coupling studs
582 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The
cavities of building element 580 are of the same style as of
building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. Side wall 5832 which
accommodates color indicator 584 has two types of surfaces 5830
5831. First type of surface area 5830 is at a greater depth
compared to second type of surface area 5831 when observed from the
side of the building element 580. First type of surface area 5830
accommodates color indicator 584. Color indicator 584 in this
exemplary embodiment of the present invention resembles a real
object; leaf. The first type of surface area 5830 has a coupling
stud 586 to frictionally engage cavity 588 of the color indicator
584. The color indicator 584 has small slots 589 on sides for nails
to make it easier to release color indicator 584 from coupling stud
586. As outer boundaries of top plan view of the color indicator
584 when it is attached with the building element 171 remains
within the Standard Dimension, the building element 580 can
frictionally engage with other building elements in large number of
manners.
[0102] FIG. 63-FIG. 65 illustrate building elements 630 640 650 of
green, brown and red color respectively according to another
exemplary embodiment of the present invention and which is
contained within a construction building set. The green color
building element 630 illustrated in FIG. 63 comprises a top face
631, a plurality of side walls 633 extending downwardly from the
top face 631, a plurality of coupling studs 632 which are arranged
in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 631 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 633 to receive the coupling studs
632 642 652 from other building elements in frictional engagement.
The cavities 634 of building element 630 are of the same style as
of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. Color indicator 634
of the building element 630 is a leaf symbol printed or in the form
of three-dimensional lines positioned within the external surface
of the side wall 633. The brown color building element 640
illustrated in FIG. 64 comprises a top face 641, a plurality of
side walls 643 extending downwardly from the top face 641, a
plurality of coupling studs 642 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 641 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 643 to receive the coupling studs
632 642 652 from other building elements in frictional engagement.
The cavities of building element 640 are of the same style as of
building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator
644 of the building element 640 is a mountain symbol printed or in
the form of three-dimensional lines positioned within the external
surface of the side wall 643. The red color building element 650
illustrated in FIG. 65 comprises a top face 651, a plurality of
side walls 653 extending downwardly from the top face 651, a
plurality of coupling studs 652 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 651 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 653 to receive the coupling studs
632 642 652 from other building elements in frictional engagement.
The cavities of the building element 650 are of the same style as
of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator
654 of the building element 650 is a flower symbol which is printed
or is in the form of three-dimensional lines positioned within the
external surface of the side wall 653.
[0103] FIG. 66 illustrates building element 660 according to
another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The building
element 660 illustrated in FIG. 66 comprises a top face 661, a
plurality of side walls 663 extending downwardly from the top face
661, a plurality of coupling studs 662 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 661 and a
plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic
pattern between the side walls 663 to receive the coupling studs
662 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The
cavities of building element 660 are of the same style as of
building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The building element
660 has brown color side walls with a picture of a flower which has
red petals 6612 and green leaves 6613. The brown color of the
building element 660 is indicated by color indicator 664. The
building element 660 has boundary 6610 on side walls 663 in the
form of a three-dimensional line. The boundary 6610 indicates the
exact/approximate dimensions of the area whose color is represented
by color indicator 664. A reference point 665 indicates the
position of the color indicator 664. In this exemplary embodiment,
broken line of the boundary 665 indicates the position of the color
indicator 664. The dimensions of red petals 6612 and green leaves
6613 are too small to accommodate the information of the color, in
the form of a color indicator. Including color indicator in the
surface area of red petals 6612 and green leaves 6613, may also
spoil the outlook of the red petals 6612 and green leaves 6613.
Building element 660 contains a color map 6614 to include the color
information for petals 6612 and leaves 6613. The position of the
color map 6614 is indicated by a reference point which is a large
size square 6611 in the case of building element 660. In color map
6614, red petals 6612 are represented by a petal shaped symbol 666
and the red color is represented by spatially distributed squared
shape three-dimensional structures 667. Similarly, leaves 6613 are
represented by leaves shaped symbol 668 and the green color is
represented by spatially distributed squared shape
three-dimensional structures 669.
[0104] FIG. 67 illustrates building element 670 with large coupling
studs and contained in a construction building set according to
another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Building
element 670 illustrated in FIG. 67 comprises a top face 671, a
plurality of side walls 673 extending downwardly from the top face
671, a plurality of coupling studs 672 which are arranged in a
two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 671 and cavities
arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side
walls 673 to receive the coupling studs 672 from other building
elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element
672 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in
FIG. 19. The building element 670 has brown color side walls with a
picture of a flower which has red petals 6712 and green leaves
6713. The brown color of the building element 670 is indicated by
color indicator 674. The building element 670 has a boundary 6710
in the form of a three-dimensional line. The boundary 6710
indicates the exact/approximate dimensions of the area whose color
is represented by color indicator 674. A reference point 675
indicates the position of the color indicator 674. In this
exemplary embodiment, broken line of the boundary 675 indicates the
position of the color indicator 674. The dimensions of red petals
6712 and green leaves 6713 are too small to accommodate the
information of the color, in the form of a color indicator.
Including color indicator in the surface area of red petals 6712
and green leaves 6713, may also spoil the outlook of the red petals
6712 and green leaves 6713. Building element 670 contains a color
map 6714 to include the color information for petals 6712 and
leaves 6713. The position of the color map 6714 is indicated by a
reference point which is a large size square 6711 in the case of
building element 670. In color map 6711, red petals 6712 are
represented by a petal shaped symbol 676 and the red color is
represented by spatially distributed squared shape
three-dimensional structures 677. Similarly, the leaves 6713 are
represented by the leaves shaped symbol 678 and the green color is
represented by spatially distributed squared shape
three-dimensional structures 679.
[0105] The building set according to the present invention also
includes a literature which includes the information of symbols and
colors represented by color indicators of the building element.
This literature can be used to learn about color indicators.
[0106] It is to be understood that while the detailed description
describes the present invention, the foregoing description is for
illustrative purpose and does not limit the scope of the present
invention which is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
Other embodiments, arrangements and equivalents will be evident to
those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments, arrangements and
equivalents are within the scope of the present invention as
defined by the appended claims.
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