U.S. patent application number 12/798578 was filed with the patent office on 2010-08-05 for clear, impact modified, heat resistant polyvinyl halide compositions.
This patent application is currently assigned to CROMPTON CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE. Invention is credited to George P. McCarty, Larry B. Simmons.
Application Number | 20100197860 12/798578 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36090957 |
Filed Date | 2010-08-05 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100197860 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Simmons; Larry B. ; et
al. |
August 5, 2010 |
Clear, impact modified, heat resistant polyvinyl halide
compositions
Abstract
A clear, impact modified, heat resistant polyvinyl chloride
composition is provided comprising (a) at least one polyvinyl
halide; (b) at least one clear impact modifier possessing a
refractive index which is not more than about 2% above or below the
refractive index of the polyvinyl halide; and (c) at least one
clear heat modifier comprising a terpolymer obtained by the
copolymerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer, an acrylonitrile and
an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate, wherein the terpolymer
possesses a refractive index which is not more than about 2% above
or below the refractive index of the polyvinyl halide and possesses
a weight average molecular weight ranging from about 75,000 to
about 400,000.
Inventors: |
Simmons; Larry B.;
(Washington, WV) ; McCarty; George P.;
(Morgantown, WV) |
Correspondence
Address: |
JoAnn Villamizar;CHEMTURA CORPORATION
199 Benson Road
Middlebury
CT
06749
US
|
Assignee: |
CROMPTON CORPORATION, A CORPORATION
OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
|
Family ID: |
36090957 |
Appl. No.: |
12/798578 |
Filed: |
April 6, 2010 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10995605 |
Nov 22, 2004 |
7723433 |
|
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12798578 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
525/199 ;
525/209; 525/222 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C08L 51/04 20130101;
C08L 25/12 20130101; C08L 51/04 20130101; C08L 55/00 20130101; C08L
25/14 20130101; C08L 27/06 20130101; C08L 51/04 20130101; C08L
55/00 20130101; C08L 55/02 20130101; C08L 25/12 20130101; C08L
27/06 20130101; C08L 55/02 20130101; C08L 55/02 20130101; C08L
2666/02 20130101; C08L 55/00 20130101; C08L 2666/04 20130101; C08L
2666/02 20130101; C08L 2666/02 20130101; C08L 2666/02 20130101;
C08L 2666/04 20130101; C08L 2666/02 20130101; C08L 2666/04
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
525/199 ;
525/222; 525/209 |
International
Class: |
C08L 33/08 20060101
C08L033/08; C08L 27/12 20060101 C08L027/12; C08L 27/10 20060101
C08L027/10 |
Claims
1. A clear, impact modified, heat resistant polyvinyl halide
composition comprising: (a) at least one polyvinyl halide; (b) at
least one clear impact modifier possessing a refractive index which
is not more than about 2% above or below the refractive index of
the polyvinyl halide; and (c) at least one clear heat modifier
comprising a terpolymer obtained by the copolymerization of a vinyl
aromatic monomer, an acrylic nitrile monomer and an alkylacrylate
or alkylmethacrylate, wherein the terpolymer possesses a refractive
index which is not more than about 2% above or below the refractive
index of the polyvinyl halide and possesses a weight average
molecular weight ranging from about 75,000 to about 400,000;
wherein (a) comprises from about 20 to about 60 weight percent, (b)
comprises from about 10 to about 25 weight percent and (c)
comprises from about 25 to about 60 weight percent, based on the
total weight of the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c).
2. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the vinyl
aromatic monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene,
alphamethylstyrene, halogenated styrene, vinyltoluene,
alkoxystyrene and mixtures thereof.
3. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the acrylic
nitrile monomer is selected from the group consisting of
methacrylonitrile, ethacrylonitrile, chloroacrylonitrile,
acrylonitrile and mixtures thereof.
4. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the alkyl
acrylate or alkyl methacrylate is selected from a group consisting
of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl
methacrylate and mixtures thereof.
5. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the
terpolymer possesses a weight average molecular weight from about
100,000 to about 200,000.
6. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the
polyvinyl halide is selected from the group consisting of vinyl
halide homopolymers, vinyl halide copolymers and mixtures
thereof.
7. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 6, wherein the vinyl
halide homopolymers are selected from the group consisting of
polyvinyl chloride, polyinylidiene chloride, polyvinyl bromide,
polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride and mixtures
thereof.
8. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 6, wherein the vinyl
halide copolymers are selected from the group consisting of
vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate vinyl butyrate, vinyl benzoate,
diethyl fumarate, diethyl maleate, vinyl propionate, methyl
acrylate, 2-ethyhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate,
methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate,
hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methyl .alpha.-chloracrylate, styrene,
vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl chloroethyl ether, vinyl phenyl ether,
vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl phenyl ketone,
1-fluoro-1-chloroethylene, acrylonitrile, chloroacrylonitrile,
allylidene diacetate, chloroallylidene diacetate, ethylene,
propylene and mixtures thereof.
9. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 6, wherein the vinyl
halide polymer blends are selected from the group consisting
polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and
chlorinated polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl
methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride and polybutylmethacrylate,
polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and
acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride and
polyethylene and polymethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
10. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 9, wherein the
polymer blends comprise physical blends of at least two distinct
polymeric species and contain from about 25 to about 95 weight
percent vinyl halide homopolymer.
11. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the impact
modifier comprises a rubber modified with a thermoplastic
resin.
12. The polyvinyl halide compositions of claim 11, wherein the
impact modifiers are selected from a group consisting of
ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer,
polybutadiene-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer,
polybutadiene-styrene-methyl methacrylate, polybutylacrylate,
crosslinked acrylic rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer and
acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer.
13. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, characterized in
that the 1/8 inch Izod impact strength measured at a temperature of
23.degree. C. is at least about 1.0 ftlb/in.
14. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the impact
modifier possesses a refractive index which is not more than about
1% above or below the refractive index of the polyvinyl halide.
15. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the impact
modifier possesses a refractive index which is not more than about
0.05% above or below the refractive index of the polyvinyl
halide.
16. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the
terpolymer possesses a refractive index which is not more than
about 1% above or below the refractive index of the polyvinyl
halide.
17. The polyvinyl halide composition of claim 1, wherein the
terpolymer possesses a refractive index which is not more than
about 0.05% above or below the refractive index of the polyvinyl
halide.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] This invention relates to polyvinyl halide compositions that
possess dimensional stability to heat, impact strength and clarity.
More particularly, the invention relates to a polyvinyl halide
composition which is excellent in optical properties, impact
resistance and heat resistance and can be employed in a wide
variety of applications such as films, sheets, pipes, cable ducts,
deck plates, building materials, battery housings, and industrial
components.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Polyvinyl chloride resins (PVC) are well known thermoplastic
resins that can be compounded with a variety of property enhancing
additives and molded, extruded, calendered or formed for a variety
of applications. The art of PVC compounding is extremely complex in
that many ingredients interact with each other. This complexity
means that levels of ingredients and types of ingredients must be
varied to yield a PVC compound that is useful for a given
application.
[0005] Articles such as bottles, packages and films for certain
markets demand a high degree of clarity. A property of PVC that is
important for many applications is its inherent clarity and
transparency. However, PVC resins are generally quite brittle. To
overcome this deficiency, rubbery impact modifiers having glass
transition temperatures below that of PVC are incorporated into the
resin. Impact modifiers based on graft copolymers prepared by
conventional radical polymerization are well known and have been
widely employed for over thirty years. Graft copolymers of styrene,
.alpha.-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylic acid esters or
mixtures thereof on a rubber, e.g., polybutadiene or a butadiene
copolymer, and mixtures of such graft polymers with polystyrene or
styrene copolymers are well known PVC impact modifiers. A variety
of clear PVC impact modifiers are now commercially available. These
impact modifiers possess refractive indices that closely match that
of PVC in order to preserve the clarity and transparency of the PVC
resin.
[0006] The freezing temperature (glass transition temperature) of
PVC is about 80.degree. C. so that its dimensional stability to
heat (Vicat temperatures of about 75.degree. to 84.degree. C.) is
insufficient for many applications where prolonged exposure to heat
is encountered. Attempts have been made to improve the dimensional
stability (heat resistance) of PVC by modifying the molecular
structure of PVC, carrying out chemical after-treatments or adding
thermoplastic resins with higher glass transition temperatures to
the PVC base resin. Typical heat distortion temperature (HDT)
modifiers can be used to raise HDT, but the result is an opaque
compound that does not allow for use in PVC compounds where clarity
is required. Known HDT modifiers that are opaque include
acrylonitrile-.alpha. methylstyrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-a
methylstyrene-butadiene copolymer and polymethyl
methacrylate-acrylic ester copolymer (PMMA).
[0007] U.S. Pat. No. 5,166,271 discloses a heat resistant PVC
copolymer obtained by graft copolymerizing a vinyl chloride resin
with N-substituted maleimide in the presence of a radical
polymerizable monomer which (1) is liquid at the temperature of
copolymerization, (2) is capable of dissolving the N-substituted
maleimide and (3) has a glass transition temperature of the polymer
of 70.degree. C. or more.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 5,206,296 discloses a processing aid for
polymeric compositions such as PVC comprising a high molecular
weight terpolymer comprising 10-49% by weight of a vinyl aromatic
monomer such as styrene, 5-35% by weight of acrylonitrile, and
21-60% of an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate. The terpolymer
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,206,296 possesses a viscosity of more
than four as measured in dimethylformamide as 30.degree. C. at a
concentration of 100 mg terpolymer per 100 ml dimethylformamide.
The average molecular weights of the terpolymer processing aid
exceed 2,000,000, and are used at levels of 0.1 to 20 parts by
weight per 100 parts by weight of PVC.
[0009] U.S. Pat. No. 5,354,812 discloses ternary alloys of PVC,
post-chlorinated PVC(CPVC), and alloying polymers wherein the
alloying polymers enhance the heat distortion temperature of the
CPVC.
[0010] A combination of clear impact modifier and clear heat
modifier that provides improved PVC compositions characterized by
their clarity (light transmission), heat distortion temperature,
and impact strength would be a useful advance in the PVC
compounding art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] It is an object of the invention to provide a clear, impact
modified, heat resistant polyvinyl halide composition. In one
embodiment, the polyvinyl halide composition comprises
[0012] (a) at least one polyvinyl halide;
[0013] (b) at least one clear impact modifier possessing a
refractive index which is not more than about 2% above or below the
refractive index of the polyvinyl halide; and
[0014] (c) at least one clear heat modifier comprising a terpolymer
obtained by the copolymerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer, an
acrylic nitrile and an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate,
wherein the terpolymer possesses a refractive index which is not
more than about 2% above or below the refractive index of the
polyvinyl halide and possesses a weight average molecular weight
ranging from about 75,000 to about 400,000; and
[0015] wherein (a) comprises from about 20 to about 50 weight
percent, (b) comprises from about 10 to about 30 weight percent,
and (c) comprises from about 20 to about 80 weight percent, based
on the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0016] Clear, impact modified and heat modified polyvinyl halide
compositions of the present invention can be prepared by
conventional means such as, for example, melt-compounding a mixture
of polyvinyl halide resin, clear impact modifier possessing a
refractive index which is not more than about 2% above or below the
refractive index of the polyvinyl halide, and clear heat modifier
comprising a terpolymer obtained by the copolymerization of a vinyl
aromatic monomer, an acrylic nitrile and an alkyl acrylate or alkyl
methacrylate, wherein the terpolymer possesses a refractive index
which is not more than about 2% above or below the refractive index
of the polyvinyl chloride and possesses a weight average molecular
weight ranging from about 75,000 to about 400,000.
[0017] The polyvinyl halide resins that are employed in the clear
thermoplastic resin compositions of this invention include, for
example, vinyl halide homopolymers, vinyl halide copolymers and
polymer blends containing vinyl halide homopolymer or copolymers.
Examples of vinyl halide homopolymers, include, but are not limited
to, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidiene chloride, polyvinyl
bromide, polyvinyl fluoride, and polyvinylidene fluoride. Examples
of ethylenically unsaturated monomers which can be copolymerized
with vinyl chloride include, but are not limited to, vinylidene
chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl benzoate, diethyl
fumarate, diethyl maleate, other alkyl fumarates and maleates,
vinyl propionate methyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl
acryalate, ethyl acrylate, and other alkyl acrylates, methyl
methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl
methacrylate and other alkyl methacrylates, methyl alpha
chloracrylate, styrene, vinyl ethers such as vinyl ethyl ether,
vinyl chloroethyl ether, vinyl phenyl ether, vinyl ketones such as
vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl phenyl ketone,
1-fluoro-1-chloroethylene, acrylonitrile, chloroacrylonitrile,
allylidene diacetate, chloroallylidene diacetate, ethylene and
propylene. Examples of polymer blends include, but are not limited
to blends of polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene, polyvinyl
chloride and chlorinated polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and
polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride and
polybutylmethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene,
polyvinyl chloride and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer,
and polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene and polymethyl
methacrylate.
[0018] The polymer blends usable in the practice of this invention
can include physical blends of at least two distinct polymeric
species and contain from about 25 to about 95 weight percent of
vinyl halide homopolymer.
[0019] The term "impact modifier" in the context of this invention
refers to rubber and rubber modified with a thermoplastic resin,
which furthermore possesses a refractive index that is within plus
or minus 2% of the refractive index of the polyvinyl halide resin,
preferably a refractive index of not more than about 1% above or
below the refractive index of the polyvinyl halide, and more
preferably a refractive index which is not more than about 0.05%
above or below the refractive index of the polyvinyl halide. Such
impact modifiers are well known in the art.
[0020] The terpolymer of the clear heat modifier for use in the
composition of the present invention includes from about 30 to
about 50 and preferably from about 35 to about 45% by weight of the
vinyl aromatic monomers, from about 15 to about 35 and preferably
from about 20 to about 30% by weight of the acrylic nitrile and
from about 25 to about 45 and preferably from about 30 to about 40%
by weight of the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate, based on the
total weight of the terpolymer.
[0021] Suitable vinyl aromatic monomers include, but are not
limited to, styrene, alpha methylstyrene, halogenated styrene,
vinyltoluene, alkoxystyrene and other styrene derivatives that are
copolymerizable with an acrylic nitrile and an alkyl methacrylate
and the like and mixtures thereof.
[0022] Suitable acrylic nitrile monomers include, but are not
limited to, methacrylonitrile, ethacrylonitrile,
chloroacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile, and the like and mixtures
thereof.
[0023] Suitable alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates include,
but are not limited to, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and the
corresponding methacrylates and the like and mixtures thereof.
[0024] Polymerization of the monomers can be carried out in
accordance with well known polymerization procedures known to those
skilled in the art. An important feature of the invention is the
low average molecular weight of the terpolymer that, in turn,
permits the use of much higher loadings of the heat modifier in the
PVC resin compared to higher molecular weight HDT resins. The
weight average molecular weight of the terpolymer will range from
about 75,000 to about 400,000, and preferably from about 100,000 to
about 200,000. The resulting terpolymer will also possess a
refractive index that is within plus or minus 2% of the refractive
index of the polyvinyl halide resin, preferably a refractive index
of not more than about 1% above or below the refractive index of
the polyvinyl halide, and more preferably a refractive index which
is not more than about 0.05% above or below the refractive index of
the polyvinyl halide.
[0025] The amount of polyvinyl halide resin can range from about 10
to about 80 weight percent, and preferably from about 20 to about
50 weight percent, based on the combined weight of polyvinyl halide
resin, clear impact modifier and clear heat modifier. The clear
impact modifier is employed at a loading of from about 0 to about
35 weight percent, preferably from about 10 to about 25 weight
percent, based on the combined weight of polyvinyl halide resin,
clear impact modifier and clear heat modifier. The clear heat
modifier is employed in an amount of from about 20 to about 80
weight percent, preferably from about 30 to about 60 weight percent
based on the combined weight of polyvinyl halide resin, clear
impact modifier and clear heat modifier.
[0026] Accordingly, the polyvinyl halide compositions of the
present invention can have the capacity to be impact-modified to
achieve notched Izod values generally in excess of 100 Nm/m (of
notch), desirably in excess of 200 Nm/m, and preferably in excess
of 230 Nm/m. Illustrative impact modifiers include, but are not
limited to, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA),
ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR),
polybutadiene-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (ABS),
polybutylacrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (ASA),
polybutadiene-styrene-methyl methacrylate (MBS), polybutylacrylate,
crosslinked acrylic rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer (SBR) and
acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (NBR).
[0027] In one embodiment, a process for preparing a clear, impact
modified, heat resistant polyvinyl chloride composition includes
the steps of combining components (a), (b) and (c) of the
above-identified polyvinyl chloride composition in any known
manner.
[0028] If desired, the composition may further include conventional
additives such as, for example, heat stabilizers, antioxidants,
lubricants, toners, colorants, dyes, and the like as is commonly
practiced in the art of compounding clear impact modified polyvinyl
halide resins. Compounding may be accomplished by conventional
means, including Banbury mixers, heated roll mills, compounding
extruders, and the like. Alternatively, for many applications the
components will be mixed in powdered form, using any of a variety
of high intensity mixers, to provide a dry powdered composition
which will then be fabricated by methods such as calendering,
milling, blow molding, and the like.
[0029] The practice of this invention will be better understood by
consideration of the following Examples. All parts given are by
weight unless otherwise indicated. Transparency refers to the
transmitted intensity for all light that deviates by an angle
.theta.>25.degree., as a percentage of the incident-light
intensity. Haze refers to the integrated, transmitted intensity for
all light that deviates by an angle .theta.<25.degree., as
percentage of the incident-light intensity. Impact strengths are
reported as 1/8'' notched Izod (NI) according to ASTM D256-2002 at
25.degree. C. unless otherwise specified. Yellowing is measured by
yellowness index (YI). These Examples are provided by way of
illustration of the invention and are not intended to be
limiting.
Examples 1-20 and Comparative Example A
[0030] The following components set forth in Table 1 were
compounded to form PVC compositions in accordance with the present
invention:
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Component Composition PVC K60 (614)
Polyvinyl chloride resin available from Formosa . . . R.I. = ~1.54
available from Formosa Corp. PVC K66 (110 .times. 427) Polyvinyl
chloride resin available from Polyone R.I. = ~1.54 available from
Formosa Corp. HDT Modifier Terpolymer comprising 20-60% styrene,
10-40% acrylonitrile and 15-55% methyl methacrylate, R.I. =
~1.53-1.55, M.W. = 75,000-400,000 available from Crompton
Corporation, Middlebury, CT B336 Blendex 336 Impact Modifier
available from Crompton Corporation, Middlebury, CT comprising
Acrylonitrile- polybutadiene-styrene (ABS) Mark 1900 Organotin heat
stabilizer available from Crompton Corporation, Middlebury, CT G70S
Complex ester from Cognis Corp. G16 Fatty acid ester of glycerine
from Cognis Corp. B866 Blendex 866 processing aid containing
methylmathacrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene available from Crompton
Corporation, Middlebury, CT
[0031] The compositions of Examples 1-20 and Comparative Example A
were then evaluated in accordance with the following test
methodologies as set forth in Table II:
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE II Test Description Izod D256-2002 Heat
Distortion Temperature D648 Vicat D1525-96 Capillary D3835-2002
Haze and Transmittance D1003
The following Examples 1-20 and Comparative A are set forth in
Table III. The amounts of components in the composition are given
in parts by weight.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE III Component Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 PVC K60 (614) 40.00 50.00
30.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 41.67 PVC K66 (110 .times. 427) 15.00 0.00
5.00 15.00 0.00 15.00 6.67 HDT Modifier 35.00 35.00 40.00 50.00
50.00 35.00 39.17 B336 10.00 15.00 25.00 10.00 25.00 25.00 12.50
Mark 1900 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 G70S 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 G16 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 B866 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 Izod Impact 1/8 in. 1.415 11.562 15.581 0.802 12.394 17.528
4.276 Std. Dev. 0.138 0.150 0.307 0.066 0.262 0.320 0.172 HDT 66
PSI 0.125 inch (.degree. C.) 77 78 79 80 80 78 78 HDT 264 PSI 0.125
inch (.degree. C.) 73 73 74 75 75 71 74 Vicat (.degree. C.) 81 81
81 84 83 81 83 Opticals 0.125 inch trans. 66.007 68.453 65.178
68.449 65.705 66.28 68.271 YI 31.074 32.254 39.601 29.904 38.651
38.85 31.253 Haze 31.763 27.696 30.487 30.582 30.488 30.488 26.762
Capillary rheometer - 190 deg. C., 0.040 orifice, 100-1000 1/sec
100 29468 29163 30643 26400 27170 32993 28651 500 9787 9741 9963
8962 9011 10553 9627 1000 5945 5950 6086 5553 5600 6382 5901
Example Example Example Example Example Component Example 8 Example
9 10 11 12 13 14 PVC K60 (614) 25.00 30.42 29.17 40.00 35.00 25.00
25.00 PVC K66 (110 .times. 427) 0.00 16.67 6.67 0.00 4.17 0.00
25.00 HDT Modifier 60.00 40.42 51.67 50.00 45.00 60.00 35.00 B336
15.00 12.50 12.50 10.00 15.83 15.00 15.00 Mark 1900 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
2.0 2.0 2.0 G70S 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 G16 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 1.0 1.0 B866 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Izod Impact 1/8 in.
1.637 4.352 1.465 0.619 8.104 1.686 12.435 Std. Dev. 0.060 0.125
0.229 0.061 0.193 0.181 0.433 HDT 66 PSI 0.125 inch (.degree. C.)
80 79 80 80 79 81 78 HDT 264 PSI 0.125 inch (.degree. C.) 76 74 74
75 75 76 74 Vicat (.degree. C.) 84 82 84 84 82 84 82 Opticals 0.125
inch trans. 69.655 69.576 69.239 69.342 69.118 68.226 68.767 YI
32.56 29.406 30.498 29.791 32.044 34.097 31.812 Haze 25.383 26.535
25.822 25.457 26.612 26.335 27.295 Capillary rheometer - 190 deg.
C., 0.040 orifice, 100-1000 1/sec 100 23739 29557 25691 24926 27638
23467 32039 500 8153 9723 8779 8538 9228 7846 10348 1000 5126 5947
5487 5324 5708 4956 6242 Example Example Example Example Example
Example Comparative Component 15 16 17 18 19 20 Example A PVC K60
(614) 29.17 25.00 40.00 40.00 25.00 50.00 100.00 PVC K66 (110
.times. 427) 11.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 HDT Modifier
39.17 50.00 35.00 50.00 35.00 35.00 0.00 B336 20.00 25.00 25.00
10.00 15.00 15.00 12.00 Mark 1900 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 G70S
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 G16 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 B866
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Izod Impact 1/8 in. 15.732 12.516
16.484 0.595 12.408 11.081 23.977 Std. Dev. 0.317 0.301 0.208 0.085
0.26 0.207 0.315 HDT 66 PSI 0.125 inch (.degree. C.) 78 80 78 80 78
78 73 HDT 264 PSI 0.125 inch (.degree. C.) 74 75 74 76 73 73 70
Vicat (.degree. C.) 82 83 81 84 82 81 79 Opticals 0.125 inch trans.
68.166 66.201 66.158 68.677 69.402 69.178 73.741 YI 35.075 38.496
39.104 29.01 30.81 31.628 24.75 Haze 27.88 30.289 29.761 27.58
27.685 27.385 30.353 Capillary rheometer 190 deg. C., 0.040
orifice, 100-1000 1/sec 100 30083 27321 30078 24449 32378 29073
39362 500 9815 9069 9868 8436 10448 9681 12141 1000 5991 5612 6016
5258 6307 5910 7191
[0032] The above results show the following advantages of the
present invention as exemplified in Examples 1-20 as compared with
Comparative Example A.
[0033] More particularly, Examples 1-20 show a higher heat
distortion temperature. For example, at 264 PSI, all of the
Examples possessed a heat distortion temperature ranging from
71.degree. C. to 76.degree. C. whereas Comparative Example A was at
70.degree. C.
[0034] Moreover, the blend of the invention provides a composition
having easier processing characteristics as demonstrated by the
dramatically lower viscosities of the molten blends as compared to
the Comparative Example A.
[0035] While the above description contains many specifics, these
specifics should not be construed as limitations of the invention,
but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments thereof.
Those skilled in the art will envision many other embodiments
within the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the
claims appended hereto.
* * * * *