U.S. patent application number 12/288677 was filed with the patent office on 2010-06-17 for 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206, and 8843 molecules and uses therefor.
This patent application is currently assigned to Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. Invention is credited to Joseph M. Carroll, Rory A.J. Curtis, Rosana Kapeller-Libermann, Kyle J. MacBeth, Rachel E. Meyers, Peter J. Olandt, Laura A. Rudolph-Owen, Fong-Ying Tsai, Nadine S. Weich.
Application Number | 20100150901 12/288677 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 30004167 |
Filed Date | 2010-06-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20100150901 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Meyers; Rachel E. ; et
al. |
June 17, 2010 |
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206, and 8843 molecules and uses
therefor
Abstract
The invention provides isolated nucleic acids molecules,
designated 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 and 8843 nucleic acid
molecules. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid
molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 and 8843 nucleic acid molecules, host cells
into which the expression vectors have been introduced, and
nonhuman transgenic animals in which a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 gene has been introduced or disrupted. The invention
still further provides isolated 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 proteins, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and anti-26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies. Diagnostic and
therapeutic methods utilizing compositions of the invention are
also provided.
Inventors: |
Meyers; Rachel E.; (Newton,
MA) ; MacBeth; Kyle J.; (Boston, MA) ; Curtis;
Rory A.J.; (Ashland, MA) ; Rudolph-Owen; Laura
A.; (Medford, MA) ; Weich; Nadine S.; (San
Carlos, CA) ; Olandt; Peter J.; (Buffalo, NY)
; Tsai; Fong-Ying; (Newton, MA) ;
Kapeller-Libermann; Rosana; (Chestnut Hill, MA) ;
Carroll; Joseph M.; (Boulder, CO) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
40 Landsdowne Street
CAMBRIDGE
MA
02139
US
|
Assignee: |
Millennium Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
Cambridge
MA
|
Family ID: |
30004167 |
Appl. No.: |
12/288677 |
Filed: |
October 22, 2008 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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7485308 |
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12288677 |
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60269440 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
514/1.1 ;
435/350; 435/6.1; 435/6.18; 435/69.1; 435/7.2; 436/86; 436/94;
514/44A; 514/44R; 530/324; 530/350; 530/387.1; 536/23.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C12N 9/80 20130101; G01N
33/57449 20130101; Y10T 436/143333 20150115; C12N 9/1096 20130101;
A61K 38/00 20130101; C12N 9/001 20130101; C12Q 1/32 20130101; A61K
48/00 20130101; G01N 33/57407 20130101; G01N 33/57423 20130101;
A01K 2217/05 20130101; G01N 2500/10 20130101; C12N 9/0006 20130101;
G01N 33/57419 20130101; C12N 9/1205 20130101; A61P 35/00 20180101;
C12N 9/10 20130101; C12N 9/12 20130101; C07K 2319/00 20130101; A01K
2217/075 20130101; C12N 9/48 20130101; G01N 33/57415 20130101; C12N
9/1048 20130101; C12N 9/16 20130101; C12N 2799/021 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/130.1 ;
536/23.1; 435/350; 530/387.1; 435/69.1; 436/86; 436/94; 435/7.2;
435/6; 514/2; 514/12; 530/324; 530/350; 514/44.R; 514/44.A |
International
Class: |
A61K 39/395 20060101
A61K039/395; C07H 21/02 20060101 C07H021/02; C12N 5/10 20060101
C12N005/10; C07K 16/00 20060101 C07K016/00; C12P 21/00 20060101
C12P021/00; G01N 33/53 20060101 G01N033/53; C07H 21/04 20060101
C07H021/04; C12Q 1/68 20060101 C12Q001/68; A61K 38/00 20060101
A61K038/00; A61K 38/16 20060101 A61K038/16; C07K 14/00 20060101
C07K014/00; A61K 31/7105 20060101 A61K031/7105; A61K 31/713
20060101 A61K031/713; A61K 31/711 20060101 A61K031/711; A61P 35/00
20060101 A61P035/00 |
Claims
1. An isolated 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic
acid molecule selected from the group consisting of: a) a nucleic
acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence which is at least
60% identical to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6,
7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88,
90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or the nucleotide
sequence of the DNA insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC
Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435; b) a nucleic acid molecule
comprising a fragment of at least 15 nucleotides of the nucleotide
sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53,
55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124,
129 or 131, or the nucleotide sequence of the DNA insert of the
plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435;
c) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a polypeptide comprising
the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62,
68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or the amino acid sequence
encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC
Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435; d) a nucleic acid molecule
which encodes a fragment of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101,
114, 123 or 130, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA
insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437
or PTA-3435, wherein the fragment comprises at least 15 contiguous
amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89,
101, 114, 123 or 130, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the
cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number
PTA-3437 or PTA-3435; e) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a
naturally occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68,
79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or the amino acid sequence encoded by
the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number
PTA-3437 or PTA-3435, wherein the nucleic acid molecule hybridizes
to a nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9,
10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90,
100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or a complement thereof,
under stringent conditions; f) a nucleic acid molecule comprising
the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13,
15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113,
115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or the nucleotide sequence of the DNA
insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437
or PTA-3435; and g) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a
polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5,
8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or the
amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid
deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435.
2. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 1, which is the
nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67, 78,
88, 100, 113, 122 or 129.
3. A host cell which contains the nucleic acid molecule of claim
1.
4. An isolated 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide
selected from the group consisting of: a) a polypeptide which is
encoded by a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence
which is at least 60% identical to a nucleic acid comprising the
nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15,
16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115,
122, 124, 129 or 131, or the nucleotide sequence of the DNA insert
of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or
PTA-3435, or a complement thereof; b) a naturally occurring allelic
variant of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ
ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or
130, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the
plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435,
wherein the polypeptide is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule which
hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4,
6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80,
88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or a complement
thereof under stringent conditions; c) a fragment of a polypeptide
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14,
17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or the amino acid
sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with
ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435, wherein the fragment
comprises at least 15 contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8,
11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130; and d) the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68,
79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130.
5. An antibody which selectively binds to a polypeptide of claim
4.
6. The polypeptide of claim 4, further comprising heterologous
amino acid sequences.
7. A method for producing a polypeptide selected from the group
consisting of: a) a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence
of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123
or 130, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of
the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or
PTA-3435; b) a polypeptide comprising a fragment of the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101,
114, 123 or 130, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA
insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437
or PTA-3435, wherein the fragment comprises at least 15 contiguous
amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89,
101, 114, 123 or 130, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the
cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number
PTA-3437 or PTA-3435; c) a naturally occurring allelic variant of a
polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5,
8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or the
amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid
deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435, wherein
the polypeptide is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule which
hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4,
6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80,
88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131; and d) the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89,
101, 114, 123 or 130; comprising culturing the host cell of claim 3
under conditions in which the nucleic acid molecule is
expressed.
8. A method for detecting the presence of a nucleic acid molecule
of claim 1 or a polypeptide encoded by the nucleic acid molecule in
a sample, comprising: a) contacting the sample with a compound
which selectively hybridizes to the nucleic acid molecule of claim
1 or binds to the polypeptide encoded by the nucleic acid molecule;
and b) determining whether the compound hybridizes to the nucleic
acid or binds to the polypeptide in the sample.
9. A kit comprising a compound which selectively hybridizes to a
nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 or binds to a polypeptide encoded
by the nucleic acid molecule and instructions for use.
10. A method for identifying a compound which binds to a
polypeptide or modulates the activity of the polypeptide of claim 4
comprising the steps of: a) contacting a polypeptide, or a cell
expressing a polypeptide of claim 4 with a test compound; and b)
determining whether the polypeptide binds to the test compound or
determining the effect of the test compound on the activity of the
polypeptide.
11. A method for modulating the activity of a polypeptide of claim
4 comprising contacting the polypeptide or a cell expressing the
polypeptide with a compound which binds to the polypeptide in a
sufficient concentration to modulate the activity of the
polypeptide.
12. A method for identifying a compound capable of treating a
disorder characterized by aberrant 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 activity, comprising assaying the ability of the
compound to modulate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
nucleic acid expression or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 polypeptide activity, thereby identifying a compound capable
of treating a disorder characterized by aberrant 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity.
13. A method of identifying a nucleic acid molecule associated with
a disorder characterized by aberrant 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 activity, comprising: a) contacting a sample from a
subject with a disorder characterized by aberrant 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity, comprising nucleic acid
molecules with a hybridization probe comprising at least 25
contiguous nucleotides of SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61,
67, 78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 defined in claim 2; and b)
detecting the presence of a nucleic acid molecule in the sample
that hybridizes to the probe, thereby identifying a nucleic acid
molecule associated with a disorder characterized by aberrant
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity.
14. A method of identifying a polypeptide associated with a
disorder characterized by aberrant 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 activity, comprising: a) contacting a sample
comprising polypeptides with a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 polypeptide defined in claim 4; and b) detecting the presence
of a polypeptide in the sample that binds to the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206, or 8843 binding partner, thereby identifying
the polypeptide associated with a disorder characterized by
aberrant 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity.
15. A method of identifying a subject having a disorder
characterized by aberrant 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
activity, comprising: a) contacting a sample obtained from the
subject comprising nucleic acid molecules with a hybridization
probe comprising at least 25 contiguous nucleotides of SEQ ID NO:1,
4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67, 78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 defined
in claim 2; and b) detecting the presence of a nucleic acid
molecule in the sample that hybridizes to the probe, thereby
identifying a subject having a disorder characterized by aberrant
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity.
16. A method for treating a subject having a disorder characterized
by aberrant 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity, or a
subject at risk of developing a disorder characterized by aberrant
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity, comprising
administering to the subject a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206, or
8843 modulator of the nucleic acid molecule defined in claim 1 or
the polypeptide encoded by the nucleic acid molecule or contacting
a cell with a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
modulator.
17. The method defined in claim 16 wherein said disorder is a
cellular proliferative and/or differentiative disorder, brain
disorder, platelet disorder, breast disorder, colon disorder,
kidney (renal) disorder, lung disorder, ovarian disorder, prostate
disorder, hematopoeitic disorder, pancreatic disorder, skeletal
muscle disorder, skin (dermal) disorder, disorder associated with
bone metabolism, immune, e.g., inflammatory, disorder,
cardiovascular disorder, endothelial cell disorder, liver disorder,
viral diseases, pain disorder, metabolic disorder, neurological or
CNS disorder, erythroid disorder or anemic disorder.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 modulator is a) a small molecule; b) peptide; c)
phosphopeptide; d) anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
antibody; e) a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14,
17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or a fragment
thereof; f) a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide
comprising an amino acid sequence which is at least 90 percent
identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14,
17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, wherein the percent
identity is calculated using the ALIGN program for comparing amino
acid sequences, a PAM120 weight residue table, a gap length penalty
of 12, and a gap penalty of 4; or g) an isolated naturally
occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide consisting of the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89,
101, 114, 123 or 130, wherein the polypeptide is encoded by a
nucleic acid molecule which hybridizes to a complement of a nucleic
acid molecule consisting of SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61,
67, 78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 at 6.times.SSC at 45.degree. C.,
followed by one or more washes in 0.2.times.SSC, 0.1% SDS at
65.degree. C.
19. The method of claim 16, wherein the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 modulator is a) an antisense 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid molecule; b) is a ribozyme; c)
the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61,
67, 78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 or a fragment thereof; d) a
nucleic acid molecule encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino
acid sequence which is at least 90 percent identical to the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89,
101, 114, 123 or 130, wherein the percent identity is calculated
using the ALIGN program for comparing amino acid sequences, a
PAM120 weight residue table, a gap length penalty of 12, and a gap
penalty of 4; e) a nucleic acid molecule encoding a naturally
occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89,
101, 114, 123 or 130, wherein the nucleic acid molecule which
hybridizes to a complement of a nucleic acid molecule consisting of
SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67, 78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or
129 at 6.times.SSC at 45.degree. C., followed by one or more washes
in 0.2.times.SSC, 0.1% SDS at 65.degree. C.; or f) a gene therapy
vector.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 11/493,347, filed Jul. 26, 2006 (pending),
which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
10/410,764, filed Apr. 10, 2003 (abandoned). U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 10/410,764 is a continuation-in-part of U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 09/924,358, filed Aug. 6, 2001
(abandoned), which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 60/229,300, filed Sep. 1, 2000 (abandoned).
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/410,764 is also a
continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
10/350,553, filed Jan. 24, 2003 (abandoned), which claims the
benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/351,572, filed
Jan. 24, 2002 (abandoned). U.S. patent application Ser. No.
10/410,764 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 09/966,614, filed Sep. 27, 2001 (abandoned),
which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No.
60/238,054, filed Oct. 5, 2000 (abandoned). U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 10/410,764 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 10/281,094, filed Oct. 25, 2002 (abandoned),
which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No.
60/347,815, filed Oct. 29, 2001 (abandoned). U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 10/410,764 is also a continuation-in-part of
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/076,535, filed Feb. 15, 2002
(abandoned), which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 60/269,440, filed Feb. 16, 2001 (abandoned).
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/410,764 is also a
continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
09/860,352, filed May 17, 2001 (abandoned), which claims the
benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/205,301, filed
May 19, 2000 (abandoned). U.S. patent application Ser. No.
10/410,764 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 09/593,927, filed Jun. 15, 2000 (abandoned),
which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No.
60/199,391, filed Apr. 25, 2000 (abandoned). U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 10/410,764 is also a continuation-in-part of
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/226,410, filed Aug. 23, 2002
(abandoned), which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 60/314,884, filed on Aug. 24, 2001
(abandoned). U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/410,764 is also a
continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
09/997,816, filed Nov. 29, 2001 (abandoned), which claims the
benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/250,186, filed
Nov. 30, 2000 (abandoned). U.S. patent application Ser. No.
10/410,764 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 09/686,673, filed Oct. 11, 2000 (abandoned).
The entire contents of each of the above-referenced patent
applications are incorporated herein by this reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The enormous variety of biochemical reactions that comprise
life are nearly all mediated by a series of biological catalysts
known as enzymes. Enzymes are proteins which possess specific
catalytic activities that enable them to catalyze a series of
reactions, hence enabling metabolic pathways to degrade and to
reconstruct products needed to maintain organisms. By the binding
of substrates through geometrically and physically complementary
reactions, enzymes are stereospecific in binding substrates as well
as in catalyzing reactions. The stringency for this
stereospecificity varies as some enzymes are more specific to the
identity of their substrates, while others are capable of binding
multiple substrates and can catalyze numerous types of
reactions.
[0003] Examples of enzymes include, for example, arginine
methyltransferases, glycosyltransferases,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidases, phosphoribosylglycinamide
transferases, acyltransferases, acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, fatty acid
amide hydrolases, aminotransferases, zinc carboxypeptidases,
protein kinases, DEAD helicases, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductases and phosphatases. Such enzymes have the
ability, for example: 1) to transfer an activated sugar residue to
an acceptor molecule; 2) to modulate the processing, folding, and
secretion of proteins; 3) to transport amino acids in the form of
their gamma-glutamyl derivatives; 4) to regulate the metabolism of
glutathione; 5) to regulate the synthesis of purines; 6) to
modulate cell division and proliferation; 7) to modulate cell
death; 8) to transfer an acyl chain to a lipid precursor; 9) to
regulate lipid biosynthesis; 10) to catalyze the transfer of
hydrogen and electrons from one compound to another; 11) to
catalyze the I,.sigma.-dehydrogenation of fatty acyl-CoA
derivatives; 12) to bind and catabolize fatty acid amides; 13) to
modulate metabolism, e.g., amino acid metabolism; 14) to bind an
amino acid, e.g., L-alanine; 15) to bind an oxo acid, e.g.,
pyruvate; 16) to modulate the formation of a zinc ion complex with
a carbonyl group of a substrate polypeptide and polarization of the
carbon-oxygen bond; 17) to modulate formation of a tetrahedral
intermediate due to attack of the carbonyl carbon by water in a
reaction assisted by a carboxylate side chain of glutamate; 18) to
modulate the production of a dianion intermediate by rapid
ionization of the tetrahedral intermediate produced; 19) to
modulate ATP dependent nucleic acid unwinding; 20) to modulate RNA
metabolism (e.g., nuclear transcription, and mRNA splicing); 21) to
modulate steroid biosynthesis or metabolism (breakdown); 22) to
catalyze the removal of a phosphate group attached to a tyrosine
residue in a protein; 23) to catalyze the removal of a phosphate
group attached to a serine or threonine residue in a protein; 24)
to modulate an intracellular signaling pathway, e.g., a MAP kinase
or ERK kinase pathway; 25) to regulate the transmission of signals
from cellular receptors, e.g., cardiac cell growth factor
receptors; as well as many others. Accordingly, there exists a need
to identify additional human enzymes, for example, for use as
disease markers and as targets for identifying various therapeutic
modulators.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] The present invention is based, at least in part, on the
discovery of novel nucleic acid molecules and proteins encoded by
such nucleic acid molecules, referred to herein as "26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843". The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 nucleic acid and protein molecules of the present
invention are useful as modulating agents in regulating a variety
of cellular processes, e.g., including cell proliferation,
differentiation, growth and division. In particular, these nucleic
acid molecules will be advantageous in the regulation of any
cellular function, uncontrolled proliferation and differentiation,
such as in cases of cancer. Accordingly, in one aspect, this
invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins or biologically active
portions thereof, as well as nucleic acid fragments suitable as
primers or hybridization probes for the detection of 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-encoding nucleic acids.
[0005] The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA encoding 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843, and the amino acid sequence of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides are depicted in
Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Sequences of the invention ATCC accession
Gene Name cDNA Protein Coding Region number 26199 SEQ ID NO: 1 SEQ
ID NO: 2 SEQ ID NO: 3 N/A 33530 SEQ ID NO: 4 SEQ ID NO: 5 SEQ ID
NO: 6 PTA-3437 33949 SEQ ID NO: 7 SEQ ID NO: 8 SEQ ID NO: 9 N/A
47148 SEQ ID NO: 10 SEQ ID NO: 11 SEQ ID NO: 12 N/A 50226 SEQ ID
NO: 13 SEQ ID NO: 14 SEQ ID NO: 15 N/A 58764 SEQ ID NO: 16 SEQ ID
NO: 17 SEQ ID NO: 18 N/A 62113 SEQ ID NO: 53 SEQ ID NO: 54 SEQ ID
NO: 55 N/A 32144 SEQ ID NO: 61 SEQ ID NO: 62 SEQ ID NO: 63 N/A
32235 SEQ ID NO: 67 SEQ ID NO: 68 SEQ ID NO: 69 N/A 23565 SEQ ID
NO: 78 SEQ ID NO: 79 SEQ ID NO: 80 N/A 13305 SEQ ID NO: 88 SEQ ID
NO: 89 SEQ ID NO: 90 N/A 14911 SEQ ID NO: 100 SEQ ID NO: 101 SEQ ID
NO: 102 PTA-3435 86216 SEQ ID NO: 113 SEQ ID NO: 114 SEQ ID NO: 115
N/A 25206 SEQ ID NO: 122 SEQ ID NO: 123 SEQ ID NO: 124 N/A 8843 SEQ
ID NO: 129 SEQ ID NO: 130 SEQ ID NO: 131 N/A
[0006] Accordingly, in one aspect, the invention features a nucleic
acid molecule which encodes a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein or polypeptide, e.g., a biologically active portion of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein. In a preferred
embodiment, the isolated nucleic acid molecule encodes a
polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8,
11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130. In other
embodiments, the Invention provides isolated 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid molecules having the nucleotide
sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16,
18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115,
122, 124, 129 or 131 or the nucleotide sequence of the DNA insert
of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-IA-3437 or
PTA-3435. In still other embodiments, the invention provides
nucleic acid molecules that are substantially identical (e.g.,
naturally occurring allelic variants) to the nucleotide sequence
shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53,
55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124,
129 or 131 or the nucleotide sequence of the DNA insert of the
plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435.
In other embodiments, the invention provides a nucleic acid
molecule which hybridizes under a stringent hybridization condition
as described herein to a nucleic acid molecule comprising the
nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15,
16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115,
122, 124, 129 or 131 or the nucleotide sequence of the DNA insert
of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or
PTA-3435, wherein the nucleic acid encodes a full length 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or an active fragment
thereof.
[0007] In a related aspect, the invention further provides nucleic
acid constructs which include a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 nucleic acid molecule described herein. In certain
embodiments, the nucleic acid molecules of the invention are
operatively linked to native or heterologous regulatory sequences.
Also included are vectors and host cells containing the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid molecules of the
invention e.g., vectors and host cells suitable for producing
polypeptides.
[0008] In another related aspect, the invention provides nucleic
acid fragments suitable as primers or hybridization probes for the
detection of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-encoding
nucleic acids.
[0009] In still another related aspect, isolated nucleic acid
molecules that are antisense to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 encoding nucleic acid molecule are provided.
[0010] In another aspect, the invention features 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides, and biologically active
or antigenic fragments thereof that are useful, e.g., as reagents
or targets in assays applicable to treatment and diagnosis of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disorders. In
another embodiment, the invention provides 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides having a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 activity.
[0011] In other embodiments, the invention provides 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides, e.g., a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide having the amino acid
sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79,
89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 or the amino acid sequence encoded by the
cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number
PTA-3437 or PTA-3435; an amino acid sequence that is substantially
identical to the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8,
11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 or the amino
acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited
with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or PTA-3435; or an amino acid
sequence encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide
sequence which hybridizes under a stringent hybridization condition
as described herein to a nucleic acid molecule comprising the
nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15,
16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115,
122, 124, 129 or 131 or the nucleotide sequence of the insert of
the plasmid deposited with ATCC Accession Number PTA-3437 or
PTA-3435, wherein the nucleic acid encodes a full length 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or an active fragment
thereof.
[0012] In a related aspect, the invention further provides nucleic
acid constructs which include a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 nucleic acid molecule described herein.
[0013] In a related aspect, the invention provides 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides or fragments operatively
linked to non-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptides to form fusion proteins.
[0014] In another aspect, the invention features antibodies and
antigen-binding fragments thereof, that react with, or more
preferably specifically or selectively bind 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides.
[0015] In another aspect, the invention provides methods of
screening for compounds that modulate the expression or activity of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides or nucleic
acids.
[0016] In still another aspect, the invention provides a process
for modulating 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide
or nucleic acid expression or activity, e.g., using the compounds
identified in the screens described herein. In certain embodiments,
the methods involve treatment of conditions related to aberrant
activity or expression of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 polypeptides or nucleic acids, such as conditions or disorders
involving aberrant or deficient 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 expression. Examples of such disorders include, but are not
limited to cellular proliferative and/or differentiative disorders,
brain disorders, platelet disorders, breast disorders, colon
disorders, kidney (renal) disorders, lung disorders, ovarian
disorders, prostate disorders, hematopoeitic disorders, pancreatic
disorders, skeletal muscle disorders, skin (dermal) disorders,
disorders associated with bone metabolism, immune, e.g.,
inflammatory, disorders, cardiovascular disorders, endothelial cell
disorders, liver disorders, viral diseases, pain disorders,
metabolic disorders, neurological or CNS disorders, erythroid
disorders or anemic disorders.
[0017] The invention also provides assays for determining the
activity of or the presence or absence of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides or nucleic acid molecules in a
biological sample, including for disease diagnosis.
[0018] In a further aspect, the invention provides assays for
determining the presence or absence of a genetic alteration in a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide or nucleic
acid molecule, including for disease diagnosis.
[0019] In another aspect, the invention features a two dimensional
array having a plurality of addresses, each address of the
plurality being positionally distinguishable from each other
address of the plurality, and each address of the plurality having
a unique capture probe, e.g., a nucleic acid or peptide sequence.
At least one address of the plurality has a capture probe that
recognizes a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecule.
In one embodiment, the capture probe is a nucleic acid, e.g., a
probe complementary to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
nucleic acid sequence. In another embodiment, the capture probe is
a polypeptide, e.g., an antibody specific for 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptides. Also featured is a method of
analyzing a sample by contacting the sample to the aforementioned
array and detecting binding of the sample to the array.
[0020] Other features and advantages of the invention will be
apparent from the following detailed description, and from the
claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, and 58764
[0021] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
novel human transferase family members, referred to herein as
"26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, and 58764".
Human 26199
[0022] The human 26199 sequence (SEQ ID NO:1), which is
approximately 1828 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
687 nucleotides (nucleotides 56-742 of SEQ ID NO:1; 1-687 of SEQ ID
NO:3, not including the terminal codon). The coding sequence
encodes a 229 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:2). This mature protein
form is approximately 229 amino acid residues in length (from about
amino acid 1 to amino acid 229 of SEQ ID NO:2).
[0023] A BLAST alignment of human 26199 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "chromosome genomic DNA 5 FIS
clone:MLN1 T6D22.22 UME3-HDA1 tumor-related ZHB0014.1" (PD113097;
Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 2 to 115 of the 119 amino
acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:19) aligns with the "chromosome
genomic DNA 5 FIS clone:MLN1 T6D22.22 UME3-HDA1 tumor-related
ZHB0014.1" domain of human 26199, amino acid residues 7 to 120 of
SEQ ID NO:2.
[0024] A BLAST alignment of human 26199 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "P1 genomic clone:MLN1 chromosome
5" (PD289255; Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 3 to 104 of
the 111 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:20) aligns with
the "P1 genomic clone:MLN1 chromosome 5" domain of human 26199,
amino acid residues 123 to 226 of SEQ ID NO:2.
[0025] A BLAST alignment of human 26199 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "MRPL37-RIF1" (PD113089; Release
2001.1) shows amino acid residues 191 to 401 of the 419 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:21) aligns with the "MRPL37-RIF1"
domain of human 26199, amino acid residues 15 to 208 of SEQ ID
NO:2.
[0026] Human 26199 contains the following regions or other
structural features: two predicted transmembrane domains (predicted
by MEMSAT, Jones et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33:3038-3049) which
extend from about amino acid residue 3349 and 74-94 of SEQ ID NO:2;
two glycosaminoglycan attachment sites (PS00002) located at about
amino acids 59-62 and 76-79 of SEQ ID NO:2; one predicted cAMP- and
cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site (PS0004) located
at about amino acids 222-225 of SEQ ID NO:2; two predicted protein
kinase C phosphorylation sites (PS00005) located at about amino
acids 67-69 and 158-160 of SEQ ID NO:2; six predicted casein kinase
II phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about amino 7-10,
70-73, 95-98, 135-138, 158-161 and 163-166 of SEQ ID NO:2; four
predicted N-myristoylation sites (PS00008) located at about amino
acids 36-41, 75-80, 82-87 and 117-122 of SEQ ID NO:2; and one
predicted prokaryotic membrane lipoprotein lipid attachment site
(PS00013) located at about amino acids 30-40 of SEQ ID NO:2.
[0027] In one embodiment, a 26199 family member can include at
least one and preferably two transmembrane domains. Furthermore, a
26199 family member can include at least one and preferably two
glycosaminoglycan attachment sites (PS00002); at least one cAMP-
and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site (PS00004);
at least one, and preferably two protein kinase C phosphorylation
sites (PS00005); at least one, two, three, four, five, and
preferably six casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006); at
least one, two, three, and preferably four N-myristolyation sites
(PS00008); at least one prokaryotic membrane lipoprotein lipid
attachment site (PS00013).
[0028] 26199 is overexpressed in human breast and lung carcinomas.
It is expected that inhibition of this arginine methyltransferase
will inhibit tumor progression.
[0029] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0030] A hydropathy plot of human 26199 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 40
to 50, from about 80 to 100, and from about 135 to 145 of SEQ ID
NO:2; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 50 to 70, from about 170 to 190, and from
about 200 to 210 of SEQ ID NO:2; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
Human 33530
[0031] The human 33530 sequence (SEQ ID NO:4), which is
approximately 1408 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
1248 nucleotides (nucleotides 36-1283 of SEQ ID NO:4; 1-1248 of SEQ
ID NO:6, not including the terminal codon). The coding sequence
encodes a 416 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:5). This mature protein
form is approximately 416 amino acid residues in length (from about
amino acid 1 to amino acid 416 of SEQ ID NO:5).
[0032] An alignment of the "glycosyl transferase group 1" domain of
human 33530 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:22) aligns with amino acids 211 to 393 of SEQ
ID NO:5.
[0033] A BLAST alignment of human 33530 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "a similar BA13B9.1
glycosyltransferase novel cDNA MNCB-5081 brain" (PD346441; Release
2001.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to 49 of the 49 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:23) aligns with the "a similar
BA13B9.1 glycosyltransferase novel cDNA MNCB-5081 brain" domain of
human 33530, amino acid residues 367 to 415 of SEQ ID NO:5.
[0034] A BLAST alignment of human 33530 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "glycosyltransferase ALG2 similar
musculus F9K20.16 other novel brain 2.4.1." (PD011566; Release
2001.1) shows amino acid residues 4 to 84 of the 84 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:24) aligns with the
"glycosyltransferase ALG2 similar musculus F9K20.16 other novel
brain 2.4.1." domain of human 33530, amino acid residues 17 to 95
of SEQ ID NO:5.
[0035] A BLAST alignment of human 33530 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "transferase glycosyltransferase
biosynthesis lipopolysaccharide galactosyltransferase
glucosyltransferase mannosyl 2.4.1.-mannosyltransferase" (PD010528;
Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 15 to 158 of the 164
amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:25) aligns with the
"transferase glycosyltransferase biosynthesis lipopolysaccharide
galactosyltransferase glucosyltransferase mannosyl
2.4.1.-mannosyltransferase" domain of human 33530, amino acid
residues 280 to 413 of SEQ ID NO:5.
[0036] A BLAST alignment of human 33530 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "F9K20.16" (PD241981; Release
2001.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to 46 of the 46 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:26) aligns with the "F9K20.16" domain
of human 33530, amino acid residues 96 to 143 of SEQ ID NO:5.
[0037] A BLAST alignment of human 33530 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "glycosyltransferase 2.4.1.-ALG2
transmembrane glycoprotein" (PD258606; Release 2001.1) shows amino
acid residues 15 to 60 of the 60 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ
ID NO:27) aligns with the "glycosyltransferase 2.4.1.-ALG2
transmembrane glycoprotein" domain of human 33530, amino acid
residues 109 to 155 of SEQ ID NO:5.
[0038] A BLAST alignment of human 33530 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "glycosyltransferase" (PD309959;
Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 5 to 161 of the 199 amino
acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:28) aligns with the
"glycosyltransferase" domain of human 33530, amino acid residues
216 to 382 of SEQ ID NO:5.
[0039] Human 33530 contains the following regions or other
structural features: one predicted glycosyl transferase group 1
domain (PFAM Accession Number PF00534) located at about amino acid
residues 211-393 of SEQ ID NO:5; one predicted transmembrane domain
(predicted by MEMSAT, Jones et al. (1994) Biochemistry
33:3038-3049) which extends from about amino acid residue 85-105 of
SEQ ID NO:5; two predicted N-glycosylation sites (PS00001) located
at about amino acids 204-207 and 239-242 of SEQ ID NO:5; one
predicted cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation
site (PS0004) located at about amino acids 146-149 of SEQ ID NO:5;
five predicted protein kinase C phosphorylation sites (PS00005)
located at about amino acids 46-48, 145-147, 187-189, 304-306 and
381-383 of SEQ ID NO:5; five predicted casein kinase II
phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about amino 145-148,
192-195, 206-209, 255-258 and 302-305 of SEQ ID NO:5; five
predicted N-myristoylation sites (PS00008) located at about amino
acids 25-30, 78-83, 85-90, 168-173 and 294-299 of SEQ ID NO:5; and
one predicted amidation site (PS00009) located at about amino acids
222-225 of SEQ ID NO:5.
[0040] In one embodiment, a 33530 family member can include at
least one glycosyl transferase group 1 domain (PFAM Accession
Number PF00534) and at least one transmembrane domain. Furthermore,
a 33530 family member can include at least one and preferably two
N-glycosylation sites (PS00001); at least one cAMP- and
cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site (PS00004); at
least one, two, three, four, and preferably five protein kinase C
phosphorylation sites (PS00005); at least one, two, three, four,
and preferably five casein kinase II phosphorylation sites
(PS00006); at least one, two, three, four, and preferably five
N-myristolyation sites (PS00008); at least one amidation site
(PS00009).
[0041] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0042] A hydropathy plot of human 33530 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 30
to 45, from about 85 to 105, and from about 115 to 125 of SEQ ID
NO:5; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 55 to 70, from about 155 to 160, and from
about 270 to 290 of SEQ ID NO:5; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
[0043] A plasmid containing the nucleotide sequence encoding human
33530 was deposited with American Type Culture Collection (ATCC),
10801 University Boulevard, Manassas, Va. 20110-2209, on Jun. 7,
2001 and assigned Accession Number PTA-3437. This deposit will be
maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the
International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the
Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a
convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission
that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.112.
Human 33949
[0044] The human 33949 sequence (SEQ ID NO:7), which is
approximately 2327 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
1824 nucleotides (nucleotides 148-1971 of SEQ ID NO:7; 1-1824 of
SEQ ID NO:9, not including the terminal codon). The coding sequence
encodes a 608 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:8). The protein
contains a signal sequence from about amino acid 1 to 37 of SEQ ID
NO:8. The mature protein form is approximately 571 amino acid
residues in length (from about amino acid 38 to amino acid 608 of
SEQ ID NO:8).
[0045] An alignment of the "glycosyl transferase group 2" domain of
human 33949 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:29) aligns with amino acids 154 to 341 of SEQ
ID NO:8.
[0046] An alignment of the "QXW lectin repeat (Ricin_B_lectin)"
domain of human 33949 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived
from a hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus
amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NOS:30-32) aligns with amino acids 483
to 526, 527 to 567 and 568 to 606 of SEQ ID NO:8.
[0047] A BLAST alignment of human 33949 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "WUGSC:H_DJ0981O07.2 cDNA: FIS
COL08230 FU21634" (PD354231; Release 2001.1) shows amino acid
residues 1 to 102 of the 102 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID
NO:33) aligns with the "WUGSC:H_DJ0981O07.2 cDNA: FIS COL08230
FLJ21634" domain of human 33949, amino acid residues 1 to 102 of
SEQ ID NO:8.
[0048] A BLAST alignment of human 33949 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase polypeptide
UDP-GALNAC:polypeptide protein-glyco glycosyltransferase"
(PD003677; Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 2 to 130 of
the 130 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:34) aligns with
the "acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase polypeptide
UDP-GALNAC:polypeptide protein-glyco glycosyltransferase" domain of
human 33949, amino acid residues 103 to 229 of SEQ ID NO:8.
[0049] A BLAST alignment of human 33949 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase polypeptide
UDP-GALNAC:polypeptide protein-FIS GALNAC-T1" (PD003162; Release
2001.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to 62 of the 62 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:35) aligns with the
"acetylgalactosaminyltransferase N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
polypeptide UDP-GALNAC:polypeptide protein-FIS GALNAC-T1" domain of
human 33949, amino acid residues 347 to 406 of SEQ ID NO:8.
[0050] A BLAST alignment of human 33949 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "FIS cDNA: WUGSC:H_DJ0981O07.2
HRC08167 COL08230 FLJ21634 FLJ22403" (PD334332; Release 2001.1)
shows amino acid residues 1 to 41 and 2 to 37 of the 41 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NOs:36-37) aligns with the "FIS cDNA:
WUGSC:H_DJ0981O07.2 HRC08167 COL08230 FLJ21634 FLJ22403" domain of
human 33949, amino acid residues 568 to 608 and 484 to 521 of SEQ
ID NO:8.
[0051] A BLAST alignment of human 33949 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain
"N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase polypeptide
UDP-GALNAC:polypeptide protein-glyco glycosyltransferase"
(PD301297; Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to 80 of the
80 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:38) aligns with the
"N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase polypeptide
UDP-GALNAC:polypeptide protein-glyco glycosyltransferase" domain of
human 33949, amino acid residues 273 to 346 of SEQ ID NO:8.
[0052] Human 33949 contains the following regions or other
structural features: one predicted glycosyl transferase group 2
domain located at about amino acid residues 154-341 of SEQ ID NO:8;
three predicted transmembrane domains (predicted by MEMSAT, Jones
et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33:3038-3049) which extends from about
amino acid residues 8-28, 150-168 and 268-284 of SEQ ID NO:8; two
predicted N-glycosylation site (PS00001) located at about amino
acids 29-32 and 428-431 of SEQ ID NO:8; eleven predicted protein
kinase C phosphorylation sites (PS00005) located at about amino
acids 5-7, 51-53, 124-126, 220-222, 358-360, 399-401, 416-418,
430-432, 443-445, 490-492 and 501-503 of SEQ ID NO:8; six predicted
casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about
amino 82-85, 173-176, 193-196, 220-223, 246-249 and 345-348 of SEQ
ID NO:8; one predicted tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site
(PS00007) located at about amino acids 445-452 of SEQ ID NO:8; and
nine predicted N-myristoylation sites (PS00008) located at about
amino acids 12-17, 99-104, 224-229, 232-237, 327-332, 341-346,
387-392, 555-560 and 586-591 of SEQ ID NO:8.
[0053] In one embodiment, a 33949 family member can include at
least one glycosyl transferase group 2 domain (PFAM Accession
Number PF00535) and at least one, two and preferably three
transmembrane domains. Furthermore, a 33949 family member can
include at least one and preferably two N-glycosylation sites
(PS00001); at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight,
nine, ten and preferably eleven protein kinase C phosphorylation
sites (PS00005); at least one, two, three, four, five and
preferably six casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006); at
least one predicted tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site (PS00007);
at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, and
preferably nine N-myristolyation sites (PS00008).
[0054] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0055] A hydropathy plot of human 33949 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 235
to 245, from about 275 to 285, and from about 360 to 375 of SEQ ID
NO:8; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 50 to 70, from about 130 to 150, and from
about 385 to 400 of SEQ ID NO:8; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
[0056] The 33530 and 33949 proteins contain a significant number of
structural characteristics in common with members of the
glycosyltransferase family. A 33530 or 33949 polypeptide can
include a "glycosyltransferase domain" or regions homologous with a
"glycosyltransferase domain."
[0057] As used herein, the term "glycosyltransferase" includes a
protein or polypeptide which is capable of catalyzing the synthesis
of glycoconjugates, including glycolipids, glycoproteins, and
polysaccharides, by transferring an activated mono- or
oligosaccharide residue to an existing acceptor molecule for the
initiation or elongation of the carbohydrate chain. The acceptor
can be a lipid, a protein, a heterocyclic compound, or another
carbohydrate residue. Glycosyltransferases can be divided into
numerous subfamilies based upon their specificity for sugar
moieties and acceptor molecules. The glycosyltransferase domain of
human 33530 bears similarity to a subfamily designated "group 1"
glycosyltransferases. Members of this family transfer activated
sugars to a variety of substrates, including glycogen,
fructose-6-phosphate and lipopolysaccharides. Members of this
family transfer UDP, ADP, GDP or CMP linked sugars. The
glycosyltransferase domain of human 33949 bears similarity to a
subfamily designated "group 2" glycosyltransferases. These enzymes
comprise a diverse subfamily, whose members transfer sugar from
UDP-glucose, UDP-N-acetyl-galactosamine, GDP-mannose or
CDP-abequose, to a range of substrates including cellulose,
dolichol phosphate and teichoic acids. Based on the sequence
similarities, the 33530 or 33949 molecules of the present invention
are predicted to have similar biological activities as
glycosyltransferase family members.
[0058] Glycosyltransferases play roles in diverse cellular
processes. For example, the major target of the natural IgM and IgG
antibodies during hyperacute xenograft rejection is the terminal
carbohydrate epitope Gal alpha(1,3)Gal, formed by the alpha
1,3galactosyl transferase, which places a terminal galactose
residue in an alpha-linkage to another galactose (Sandrin et al.
(1994) Immunol Rev 141:169-90). As another example, mutations in
the Piga gene, the protein product of which mediates
N-acetylglucosamine attachment to phosphatidylinositol, results in
the clonal hematologic disorder, paroxysmal nocturnal
hemoglobinuria (Ware et al. (1994) Blood 83:2418-22). Additionally,
UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase is the enzyme
responsible for the biosynthesis of galactosylceramide, a molecule
thought to play a critical role in myelin formation, signal
transduction, viral and microbial adhesion, and oligodendrocyte
development (Kapitonov et al. (1999) Glycobiology 9:961-78).
[0059] Glycosylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is one of
many molecular changes that accompany malignant transformation.
GlcNAc-branched N-glycans and terminal Lewis antigen sequences have
been observed to increase in some cancers, and to correlate with
poor prognosis (Dennis et al. (1999) Biochim Biophys Acta
1473:21-34). Cellular membrane over-expression and shedding of
acidic glycosphingolipids into the interstitial spaces and blood of
cancer patients may play a central role in increased tumour cell
growth, lack of immune cell recognition and neovascularization and
could represent a molecular target for cancer therapy (Fish (1996)
Med Hypotheses 46:140-44). Thus, the 33530 or 33949 molecules of
the present invention may be involved in: 1) the transfer of an
activated sugar residue to an acceptor molecule; 2) the processing,
folding, and secretion of proteins; 3) the modulation of tumor cell
growth and invasion; 4) myelin formation; 5) signal transduction;
6) viral and microbial adhesion; 7) oligodendrocyte development; 8)
sperm-egg binding; 9) evasion of immune detection; 10) xenograft
rejection; and 11) the ability to antagonize or inhibit,
competitively or non-competitively, any of 1-11. Thus, the 33530
and 33949 molecules can act as novel diagnostic targets and
therapeutic agents for controlling glycosyltransferase-related
disorders, for example, such as those diseases associated with the
activities described above. As the 33530 and 33949 molecules have
homology to known glycosyltransferases, they are expected to be
involved in controlling similar disorders.
[0060] 33530 has been shown to be overexpressed in some human
breast, lung and colon carcinomas, and underexpressed in some ovary
and brain carcinomas. As such, inhibition of this
gycosyltransferase may inhibit tumor progression in breast, lung
and colon. Further, activation of this gycosyltransferase may
inhibit tumor progression in ovary and brain.
[0061] The 33949 molecules also have similarities to bovine and
murine N-acetygalactosaminyltransferase. Thus, without being bound
by theory, the 33949 transferase, may be a human analogue of the
bovine or murine N-acetygalactosaminyltransferase.
[0062] Further, 33949 is overexpressed in a subset of breast,
ovary, lung and colon tumors. As such, inhibition of this
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase may inhibit tumor
progression.
[0063] 33949 is clearly a member of the GalNAc-transferase family
of glycosyl transferase type 2 enzymes. The overall sequence
identity is quite high, and all of the residues known to be
required for catalytic activity are present in 33949. In the lectin
domain of the protein, which has been shown to be involved in
glycopeptide substrate specifity, 33949 has a V where the majority
of known active enzymes have a D (in the CLD motif). In one study
with GalNAc-T1, this D was changed to an H and the enzyme was still
active (albeit with 42% of maximum activity).
[0064] Phylogenetic analysis of 33949 indicates that both the
catalytic and lectin domains may be most similar to the GalNAc-T6
and -T7 enzymes.
[0065] It is expected that 33949 will encode an active enzyme.
Identification of the `natural` protein substrate may not necessary
for assay configuration since many GalNAc-transferases have been
shown to work on various peptide substrates derived from mucin and
other proteins.
[0066] As used herein, the term "glycosyltransferase domain"
includes an amino acid sequence of about 100-250 amino acid
residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the glycosyltransferase domain (HMM) of at least 30.
Preferably, a glycosyltransferase domain includes at least about
120-220 amino acids, more preferably about 120-200 amino acid
residues, or about 130-180 amino acids and has a bit score for the
alignment of the sequence to the glycosyltransferase domain (HMM)
of at least 50 or greater. Glycosyltransferase domains (HMM) have
been assigned numerous PFAM Accession Numbers, including PF00534
(group 1) and PF00535 (group 2). The glycosyltransferase domain
(amino acids 211 to 393 of SEQ ID NO:5) of human 33530 aligns with
a consensus amino acid sequence (group 1 glycosyltransferases)
derived from a hidden Markov model. The glycosyltransferase domain
(amino acids 154 to 341 of SEQ ID NO:8) of human 33949 aligns with
a consensus amino acid sequence (group 2 glycosyltransferases)
derived from a hidden Markov model.
[0067] In a preferred embodiment a 33530 or 33949 polypeptide or
protein has a "glycosyltransferase domain" or a region which
includes at least about 120-220 more preferably about 120-200 or
130-180 amino acid residues and has at least about 70% 80% 90% 95%,
99%, or 100% homology with a "glycosyltransferase domain," e.g.,
the glycosyltransferase domain of human 33530 or 33949 (e.g.,
residues 211 to 393 of SEQ ID NO:5 or residues 154 to 341 of SEQ ID
NO:8).
[0068] To identify the presence of a "glycosyltransferase" domain
in a 33530 or 33949 protein sequence, and make the determination
that a polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile,
the amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against a
database of HMMs
Human 47148
[0069] The human 47148 sequence (SEQ ID NO:10), which is
approximately 2172 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
1986 nucleotides (nucleotides 31-2016 of SEQ ID NO:10; 1-1986 of
SEQ ID NO:12, not including the terminal codon). The coding
sequence encodes a 662 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:11). This
mature protein form is approximately 662 amino acid residues in
length (from about amino acid 1 to amino acid 662 of SEQ ID
NO:11).
[0070] An alignment of the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase domain of
human 47148 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:39) aligns with amino acids 154 to 656 of SEQ
ID NO:11.
[0071] A BLAST alignment of human 47148 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "FGENESH repeat novel
gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase locus CCA D20S101 similar predictions.
DJ18C9.2" (PD297327; Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to
135 of the 135 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:40) aligns
with the "FGENESH repeat novel gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase locus
CCA D20S101 similar predictions. DJ18C9.2" domain of human 47148,
amino acid residues 1 to 135 of SEQ ID NO:11.
[0072] A BLAST alignment of human 47148 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase
transferase acyltransferase precursor zymogen glutathione
biosynthesis acylase glycoprotein" (PD127336; Release 2001.1) shows
amino acid residues 2 to 294 of the 304 amino acid consensus
sequence (SEQ ID NO:41) aligns with "gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase
transferase acyltransferase precursor zymogen glutathione
biosynthesis acylase glycoprotein" domain of human 47148, amino
acid residues 200 to 471 of SEQ ID NO:11.
[0073] A BLAST alignment of human 47148 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "FGENESH repeat novel
gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase locus CCA D20S101 similar predictions.
DJ18C9.2" (PD290211; Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to
114 of the 114 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:42) aligns
with the "FGENESH repeat novel gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase locus
CCA D20S101 similar predictions. DJ18C9.2" domain of human 47148,
amino acid residues 549 to 662 of SEQ ID NO:11.
[0074] Human 47148 contains the following regions or other
structural features: one predicted gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase
domain (PFAM Accession Number PF01019) located at about amino acid
residues 154-656 of SEQ ID NO:11; two predicted transmembrane
domains (predicted by MEMSAT, Jones et al. (1994) Biochemistry
33:3038-3049) which extend from about amino acid residues 106-127
and 168-192 of SEQ ID NO:11; ten predicted N-glycosylation sites
(PS00001) located at about amino acids 198-201, 267-270, 283-286,
330-333, 353-356, 394-397, 452-455, 519-522, 523-526 and 586-589 of
SEQ ID NO:11; one predicted glycosaminoglycan attachment site
(PS00002) located at about amino acids 182-185 of SEQ ID NO:11;
seven predicted protein kinase C phosphorylation sites (PS00005)
located at about amino acids 64-66, 88-90, 101-103, 285-287,
295-297, 411-413 and 638-640 of SEQ ID NO:11; ten predicted casein
kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about amino
17-20, 56-59, 73-76, 88-91, 162-165, 347-350, 430-433, 434-437,
440-443 and 612-615 of SEQ ID NO:11; one predicted tyrosine kinase
phosphorylation site (PS00007) located at about amino acids 421-427
of SEQ ID NO:11; fourteen predicted N-myristoylation sites
(PS00008) located at about amino acids 78-83, 120-125, 140-145,
183-188, 227-232, 234-239, 328-333, 343-348, 364-369, 469-474,
505-510, 553-558, 562-567 and 637-642 of SEQ ID NO:11; and two
predicted amidation sites (PS00009) located at about amino acids
42-45 and 535-538 of SEQ ID NO:11.
[0075] In one embodiment, a 47148 family member can include at
least one gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase domain (PFAM Accession
Number PF01019) and at least one and preferably two transmembrane
domain. Furthermore, a 47148 family member can include at least
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and
preferably ten N-glycosylation sites (PS00001); at least one
predicted glycosaminoglycan attachment site (PS00002); at least
one, two, three, four, five, six, and preferably seven protein
kinase C phosphorylation sites (PS00005); at least one, two, three,
four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and preferably ten casein
kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006); at least one predicted
tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site (PS00007); at least one, two,
three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve,
thirteen and preferably fourteen N-myristolyation sites (PS00008);
at least one and preferably two amidation sites (PS00009).
[0076] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0077] A hydropathy plot of human 47148 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 110
to 130, from about 165 to 180, and from about 480 to 490 SEQ ID
NO:11; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 70 to 90, from about 210 to 225, and from
about 520 to 540 of SEQ ID NO:11; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
[0078] Gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase plays an important role in the
metabolism of glutathione. Located at the external surface of
epithelial cells, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase initiates
extracellular glutathione breakdown, provides cells with local
cysteine supply and contributes to maintain intracellular
glutathione level. Gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase expression, highly
sensitive to oxidative stress, is a part of the cell antioxidant
defense mechanisms. Chikhi, N., et al. (1999) Comp Biochem Physiol
B Biochem Mol Biol 122(4):367-80. Glutathione plays an essential
role in protecting the pulmonary system for toxic insults (Potdar,
P. D., et al. (1997) Am J Physiol 273(5 Pt 1):L1082-9). Thus, the
47148 molecules of the present invention may be involved in: 1)
transport of amino acids in the form of their gamma-glutamyl
derivatives; 2) metabolism of glutathione; 3) maintenance of
cellular cysteine levels; 4) maintenance of intracellular
glutathione levels; 5) metabolism of amino acids; and 6) the
ability to antagonize or inhibit, competitively or
non-competitively, any of 1-5. Thus, the 47148 molecules can act as
novel diagnostic targets and therapeutic agents for controlling
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase-related disorders, for example, such as
those diseases (e.g. liver disease) associated with the activities
described above. As the 47148 molecules have homology to known
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, they are expected to be involved in
controlling similar disorders.
[0079] Gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase is conserved among species
(Chikhi, supra) and, thus without being bound by theory, the 47148
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase may be a human analogue of rat, mouse,
or pig gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase.
[0080] As used herein, the term "gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase
domain" includes an amino acid sequence of about 100-500 amino acid
residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase domain (HMM) of at
least 30. Preferably, a gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase domain includes
at least about 200-500 amino acids, more preferably about 300-500
amino acid residues, or about 400-500 amino acids and has a bit
score for the alignment of the sequence to the
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase domain (HMM) of at least 50 or greater.
The gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase domain (HMM) has been assigned PFAM
Accession Numbers, including PF01019. The
gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase domain (amino acids 154 to 656 of SEQ
ID NO:11) of human 47148 aligns with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a hidden Markov model.
[0081] In a preferred embodiment a 47148 polypeptide or protein has
a gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase domain" or a region which includes at
least about 200-500 more preferably about 300-500 or 400-500 amino
acid residues and has at least about 70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100%
homology with a "gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase domain," e.g., the
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase domain of human 47148 (e.g., residues
154 to 656 of SEQ ID NO:11).
[0082] To identify the presence of a "gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase"
domain in a 47148 protein sequence, and make the determination that
a polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile, the
amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against a
database of HMMs
Human 50226
[0083] The human 50226 sequence (SEQ ID NO:13), which is
approximately 1252 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
1167 nucleotides (nucleotides 18-1184 of SEQ ID NO:13; 1-1167 of
SEQ ID NO:15, not including the terminal codon). The coding
sequence encodes a 389 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:14). The
protein contains a signal sequence from about amino acid 1 to 17 of
SEQ ID NO:14. The mature protein form is approximately 372 amino
acid residues in length (from about amino acid 18 to amino acid 389
of SEQ ID NO:14).
[0084] An alignment of the formyl transferase domain of human 50226
with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden Markov
model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ
ID NO:43) aligns with amino acids 119 to 220 of SEQ ID NO:14.
[0085] A BLAST alignment of human 50226 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "transferase formyltransferase
phosphoribosylglycinamide biosynthesis methionyl-tRNA
methyltransferase purine transformylase formyltetrahydrofolate
hydrolase" (PD001209; Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 42
to 149 of the 156 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:44)
aligns with the "transferase formyltransferase
phosphoribosylglycinamide biosynthesis methionyl-tRNA
methyltransferase purine transformylase formyltetrahydrofolate
hydrolase" domain of human 50226, amino acid residues 117 to 221 of
SEQ ID NO:14.
[0086] A BLAST alignment of human 50226 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "formyltransferase methionyl-tRNA
methyltransferase biosynthesis one-carbon metabolism
10-formyltetrahydrofolate 10-FTHFDH dehydrogenase" (PD004966;
Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 10 to 123 of the 129
amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:45) aligns with the
"formyltransferase methionyl-tRNA methyltransferase biosynthesis
one-carbon metabolism 10-formyltetrahydrofolate 10-FTHFDH
dehydrogenase" domain of human 50226, amino acid residues 238 to
355 of SEQ ID NO:14.
[0087] Human 50226 contains the following regions or other
structural features: one predicted formyl transferase domain (PFAM
Accession Number PF00551) located at about amino acid residues
119-220 of SEQ ID NO:14; one predicted N-glycosylation site
(PS00001) located at about amino acids 292-295 of SEQ ID NO:14;
five predicted protein kinase C phosphorylation sites (PS00005)
located at about amino acids 90-92, 200-202, 282-284, 369-371 and
374-376 of SEQ ID NO:14; two predicted casein kinase II
phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about amino 200-203 and
341-344 of SEQ ID NO:14; two predicted N-myristoylation sites
(PS00008) located at about amino acids 16-21 and 121-126 of SEQ ID
NO:14; and one predicted leucine zipper pattern (PS00029) located
at about amino acids 129-150 of SEQ ID NO:14.
[0088] In one embodiment, a 50226 family member can include at
least one formyl transferase domain (PFAM Accession Number
PF00551). Furthermore, a 50226 family member can include at least
one N-glycosylation site (PS00001); at least one, two, three, four,
and preferably five protein kinase C phosphorylation sites
(PS00005); at least one, and preferably two casein kinase II
phosphorylation sites (PS00006); at least one, and preferably two
N-myristolyation sites (PS00008); at least one leucine zipper
pattern (PS00029).
[0089] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0090] A hydropathy plot of human 50226 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 122
to 130, from about 140 to 150, and from about 285 to 300 SEQ ID
NO:14; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 35 to 50, from about 230 to 240, and from
about 350 to 370 of SEQ ID NO:14; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
[0091] The 50226 protein has similarities to formyl transferase,
specifically, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, which plays a
role in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway. Thus, the 50226
molecules of the present invention may be involved in: 1) synthesis
of purines; 2) modulation of cell division and proliferation; 3)
the modulation of cell death; and 4) the ability to antagonize or
inhibit, competitively or non-competitively, any of 1-3. Thus, the
50226 molecules can act as novel diagnostic targets and therapeutic
agents for controlling phosphoribosylglycinamide
transferase-related disorders, for example, such as those diseases
(e.g. cancer) associated with the activities described above. As
the 50226 molecules have homology to known
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, they are expected to be
involved in controlling similar disorders.
[0092] Phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase is conserved among
species and, thus without being bound by theory, the 50226
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase may be a human analogue of
chicken or mouse phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase.
[0093] 50226 has been shown to be overexpressed in some human
breast, lung and colon carcinomas, and underexpressed in some ovary
carcinomas. As such, inhibition of this gycosyltransferase may
inhibit tumor progression in breast, lung and colon. Further,
activation of this gycosyltransferase may inhibit tumor progression
in ovary.
[0094] As used herein, the term "formyl transferase domain"
includes an amino acid sequence of about 20-150 amino acid residues
in length and having a bit score for the alignment of the sequence
to the formyl transferase domain (HMM) of at least 30. Preferably,
a formyl transferase domain includes at least about 40-130 amino
acids, more preferably about 60-110 amino acid residues, or about
70-100 amino acids and has a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the glycosyltransferase domain (HMM) of at least 50 or
greater. The formyl transferase domain (HMM) has been assigned PFAM
Accession Number PF00551. The formyl transferase domain (amino
acids 119-220 of SEQ ID NO:14) of human 50226 aligns with a
consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden Markov
model.
[0095] In a preferred embodiment a 50226 polypeptide or protein has
a formyl transferase domain" or a region which includes at least
about 20-150 more preferably about 50-125 or 70-100 amino acid
residues and has at least about 70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100%
homology with a "formyl transferase domain," e.g., the formyl
transferase domain of human 50226 (e.g., residues 119 to 220 of SEQ
ID NO:14).
[0096] To identify the presence of a "formyl transferase" domain in
a 50226 protein sequence, and make the determination that a
polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile, the
amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against a
database of HMMs
Human 58764
[0097] The human 58764 sequence (SEQ ID NO:16), which is
approximately 1797 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
972 nucleotides (nucleotides 215-1186 of SEQ ID NO:16; 1-972 of SEQ
ID NO:18, not including the terminal codon). The coding sequence
encodes a 324 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:17). The protein
contains a signal sequence from about amino acids 1 to 63. This
mature protein form is approximately 261 amino acid residues in
length (from about amino acid 64 to amino acid 324 of SEQ ID
NO:17).
[0098] An alignment of the acyltransferase domain of human 58764
with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden Markov
model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ
ID NO:46) aligns with amino acids 115 to 300 of SEQ ID NO:17.
[0099] A BLAST alignment of human 58764 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "CG11757" (PD107349; Release
2001.1) shows amino acid residues 7 to 222 of the 260 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:47) aligns with the "CG11757" domain
of human 58764, amino acid residues 91 to 293 of SEQ ID NO:17.
[0100] A BLAST alignment of human 58764 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "CG11757" (PD260979; Release
2001.1) shows amino acid residues 28 to 50 of the 63 amino acid
consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:48) aligns with the "CG11757" domain
of human 58764, amino acid residues 300 to 322 of SEQ ID NO:17.
[0101] Human 58764 contains the following regions or other
structural features: one predicted acyltransferase domain (PFAM
Accession Number PF01553) located at about amino acid residues
115-300 of SEQ ID NO:17; two or three predicted transmembrane
domains (predicted by MEMSAT, Jones et al. (1994) Biochemistry
33:3038-3049) which extend from about amino acid residues 51-74,
124-141 and 159-176 of SEQ ID NO:17; one predicted N-glycosylation
site (PS0001) located at about amino acids 5-8 of SEQ ID NO:17; one
predicted protein kinase C phosphorylation site (PS00005) located
at about amino acids 151-153 of SEQ ID NO:17; two predicted casein
kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about amino
98-101 and 289-292 of SEQ ID NO:17; one predicted tyrosine kinase
phosphorylation site (PS00007) located at about amino acids 23-261
of SEQ ID NO:17; three predicted N-myristoylation sites (PS00008)
located at about amino acids 91-96, 199-204 and 313-318 of SEQ ID
NO:17; and five predicted dileucine motifs in the tail located at
about amino acids 53-54, 63-64, 168-169, 169-170 and 192-193 of SEQ
ID NO:17.
[0102] In one embodiment, a 58764 family member can include at
least one acyltransferase domain (PFAM Accession Number PF01553);
and at least one, and preferably two or three transmembrane
domains. Furthermore, a 58764 family member can include at least
one N-glycosylation site (PS00001); at least one protein kinase C
phosphorylation site (PS00005); at least one, and preferably two
casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006); at least one
predicted tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site (PS00007); at least
one, two and preferably three N-myristolyation sites (PS00008); at
least one, two, three, four and preferably five predicted dileucine
motifs in the tail.
[0103] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0104] A hydropathy plot of human 58764 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 125
to 140, from about 160 to 180, and from about 225 to 235 SEQ ID
NO:17; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 85 to 90, from about 155 to 125, and from
about 240 to 250 of SEQ ID NO:17; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
[0105] As referred to herein, acyltransferases preferably include a
catalytic domain of about 100-250 amino acid residues in length,
preferably about 130-200 amino acid residues in length, or more
preferably about 160-200 amino acid residues in length. An
acyltransferase domain typically includes at least one of four
blocks of homology commonly found in members of the acyltransferase
family. The four blocks are each characterized by the following
motifs: (1) [NX]-H-[RQ]-S-X-[LYIM]-D, SEQ ID NO:49; (2)
G-X-[IF]-F-I-[RD]-R, SEQ ID NO:50; (3)
F-[PLI]-E-G-[TG]-R-[SX]-[RX], SEQ ID NO:51; and (4)
[VI]-[PX]-[IVL]-[IV]-P-[VI], SEQ ID NO:52. Specificity of an
acyltransferase for acylation of a particular lipid target can be
predicted by the presence of sequences within the four blocks,
whereby particular amino acid residues are associated with
particular classes of acyltransferases (as described in lewin et
al., (1999) Biochemistry 38:5764-71, for example, the contents of
which are incorporated herein by reference). For example, 58764
contains some residues in these blocks of homology that are
typically found in LPAATs and not typically found in GPATs. Based
on these sequence similarities, the 58764 molecules of the present
invention are predicted to have similar biological activities as
acyltransferase family members. Thus, the molecules of the present
invention may be involved in one or more of: 1) the transfer of an
acyl chain to a lipid precursor; 2) the regulation of lipid
biosynthesis; 3) the regulation of wound healing; 4) the regulation
of platelet aggregation; 5) the modulation of mitogenesis; 6) the
modulation of cellular differentiation; 7) the modulation of actin
cytoskleleton remodeling; 8) the regulation of monocyte chemotaxis;
9) the modulation of neurite retraction; 10) the modulation of
vasoconstriction; 11) the modulation of glutamate and glucose
uptake by astrocytes; 12) the modulation of tumor cell growth and
invasion; or 13) the formation of synaptic-like microvesicles.
Thus, the 58764 molecules can act as novel diagnostic targets and
therapeutic agents for controlling acyltransferase-related
disorders, for example, such as those diseases associated with the
activities described above. As the 58764 molecules have homology to
known acyltransferases, they are expected to be involved in
controlling similar disorders.
[0106] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, and 58764 proteins
contain a significant number of structural characteristics in
common with members of the transferase family. The present
invention is based, at least in part, on the discovery of novel
transferase family members, referred to herein as "transferase"
nucleic acid and protein molecules.
[0107] A 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764 polypeptide
can include a "transferase domain" or regions homologous with an
"transferase domain".
[0108] To identify the presence of a "transferase" domain in a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764 protein sequence, and
make the determination that a polypeptide or protein of interest
has a particular profile, the amino acid sequence of the protein
can be searched against a database of HMMs (e.g., the Pfam
database, release 2.1) using the default parameters. For example,
the hmmsf program, which is available as part of the HMMER package
of search programs, is a family specific default program for
MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is the default threshold score for
determining a hit. Alternatively, the threshold score for
determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to 8 bits). A description
of the Pfam database can be found in Sonhammer et al., (1997)
Proteins 28(3):405-420 and a detailed description of HMMs can be
found, for example, in Gribskov et al., (1990) Meth. Enzymol.
183:146-159; Gribskov et al., (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:4355-4358; Krogh et al., (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531; and
Stultz et al., (1993) Protein Sci. 2:305-314, the contents of which
are incorporated herein by reference.
[0109] For further identification of domains in a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764 protein sequence, and make the
determination that a polypeptide or protein of interest has a
particular profile, the amino acid sequence of the protein can be
searched against a database of domains, e.g., the Propom database
(Corpet et al. (1999), Nucl. Acids Res. 27:263-267). The Propom
protein domain database consists of an automatic compilation of
homologous domains. Current versions of Propom are built using
recursive PSI-BLAST searches (Altschul S F et al. (1997) Nucleic
Acids Res. 25:3389-3402; Gouzy et al. (1999) 23:333-340) of the
SWISS-PROT 38 and TREMBL protein databases. The database
automatically generates a consensus sequence for each domain. A
BLAST search was performed against the HMM database resulting in
the identification of a "transferase" domain(s) in the amino acid
sequence of human 26199 at about residues 7 to 120, 123 to 226, and
15 to 208 of SEQ ID NO:2 having 44%, 27% and 29% identity over
those residues respectively; of human 33530 at about residues 367
to 415, 17 to 95, 280 to 413, 96 to 143, 109 to 155, and 216 to 382
of SEQ ID NO:5 having 91%, 49%, 35%, 56%, 40% and 30% identity over
those residues respectively; of human 33949 at about residues 1 to
102, 103 to 229, 347 to 406, 568 to 608 and 484 to 521 (two local
alignments), and 273 to 346 of SEQ ID NO:8 having 100%, 49%, 64%,
100%, 39%, and 56% identity over those residues respectively; of
human 47148 at about residues 1 to 135, 200 to 471, and 549 to 662
of SEQ ID NO:11 having 80%, 37% and 64% identity over those
residues respectively; of human 50226 at about residues 117 to 221
and 238 to 355 of SEQ ID NO:14 having 39% and 29% identity over
those residues respectively; and of human 58764 at about residues
91 to 293 and 300 to 322 of SEQ ID NO:17 having 41% and 56%
identity over those residues respectively.
[0110] An additional method to identify the presence of a
"transferase" domain in a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or
58764 protein sequence, and make the determination that a
polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile, the
amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against a SMART
database (Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool) of HMMs as
described in Schultz et al. (1998), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
95:5857 and Schultz et al. (2000) Nucl. Acids Res 28:231. The
database contains domains identified by profiling with the hidden
Markov models of the HMMer2 search program (R. Durbin et al. (1998)
Biological sequence analysis: probabilistic models of proteins and
nucleic acids. Cambridge University Press). The database also is
extensively annotated and monitored by experts to enhance accuracy.
For example, a search was performed against the HMM database
resulting in the identification of a "ricin.sub.--3" domain in the
amino acid sequence of human 33949 at about residues 476 to 607 of
SEQ ID NO:8.
[0111] In one embodiment, 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, and 58764
proteins include at least one transmembrane domain. As used herein,
the term "transmembrane domain" includes an amino acid sequence of
about 14 amino acid residues in length that spans a phospholipid
membrane. More preferably, a transmembrane domain includes about at
least 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23 or 24 amino acid residues and
spans a phospholipid membrane. Transmembrane domains are rich in
hydrophobic residues, and typically have an .alpha.-helical
structure. In a preferred embodiment, at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%,
90%, 95% or more of the amino acids of a transmembrane domain are
hydrophobic, e.g., leucines, isoleucines, tyrosines, or
tryptophans. Transmembrane domains are described in, for example,
Zagotta W. N. et al., (1996) Annual Rev. Neuronsci. 19: 235-63, the
contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0112] In a preferred embodiment, 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, and
58764 polypeptides or proteins have at least one transmembrane
domain or a region which includes at least 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21,
23 or 24 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%, 70% 80%
90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a "transmembrane domain," e.g.,
at least one transmembrane domain of human 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, or 58764 (e.g., amino acid residues 33-49 and 74-94 of SEQ
ID NO:2; amino acids 85-105 of SEQ ID NO:5; amino acids 8-28,
150-168, and 268-284 of SEQ ID NO:8; amino acids 106-127 and
168-192 of SEQ ID NO:11; and amino acids 51-74, 124-141, and
159-176 of SEQ ID NO:17).
[0113] In another embodiment, a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, or
58764 protein includes at least one "non-transmembrane domain." As
used herein, "non-transmembrane domains" are domains that reside
outside of the membrane. When referring to plasma membranes,
non-transmembrane domains include extracellular domains (i.e.,
outside of the cell) and intracellular domains (i.e., within the
cell). When referring to membrane-bound proteins found in
intracellular organelles (e.g., mitochondria, endoplasmic
reticulum, peroxisomes and microsomes), non-transmembrane domains
include those domains of the protein that reside in the cytosol
(i.e., the cytoplasm), the lumen of the organelle, or the matrix or
the intermembrane space (the latter two relate specifically to
mitochondria organelles). The C-terminal amino acid residue of a
non-transmembrane domain is adjacent to an N-terminal amino acid
residue of a transmembrane domain in a naturally-occurring 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, or 58764, or 26199-, 33530-, 33949-, 47148-,
or 58764-like protein.
[0114] In a preferred embodiment, a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, or
58764 polypeptide or protein has a "non-transmembrane domain" or a
region which includes at least about 1-150, preferably about 5-140,
more preferably about 10-130, and even more preferably about 16-120
amino acid residues, and has at least about 60%, 70% 80% 90% 95%,
99% or 100% homology with a "non-transmembrane domain", e.g., a
non-transmembrane domain of human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, or
58764 (e.g., residues 1-32, 50-73 or 95-229 of SEQ ID NO:2;
residues 1-84 and 105-416 of SEQ ID NO:5; residues 1-8, 29-149,
169-263, and 285-608 of SEQ ID NO:8; residues 1-105, 128-167 and
193-662 of SEQ ID NO:11; or residues 1-50, 75-123, 142-158, and
177-324 of SEQ ID NO:17). Preferably, a non-transmembrane domain is
capable of catalytic activity.
[0115] A non-transmembrane domain located at the N-terminus of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, or 58764 protein or polypeptide is
referred to herein as an "N-terminal non-transmembrane domain." As
used herein, an "N-terminal non-transmembrane domain" includes an
amino acid sequence having about 1-150, preferably about 2-125,
more preferably about 4-110, or even more preferably about 7-105
amino acid residues in length and is located outside the boundaries
of a membrane. For example, an N-terminal non-transmembrane domain
is located at about amino acid residues 1-32 of SEQ ID NO:2.
[0116] Similarly, a non-transmembrane domain located at the
C-terminus of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, or 58764 protein or
polypeptide is referred to herein as a "C-terminal
non-transmembrane domain." As used herein, a "C-terminal
non-transmembrane domain" includes an amino acid sequence having
about 1-600, preferably about 75-525, preferably about 125-475,
more preferably about 134-469 amino acid residues in length and is
located outside the boundaries of a membrane. For example, a
C-terminal non-transmembrane domain is located at about amino acid
residues 95-229 of SEQ ID NO:2.
[0117] In another embodiment, a 33949, 50226, or 58764 molecule can
further include a signal sequence. As used herein, a "signal
sequence" refers to a peptide of about 10-80 amino acid residues in
length which occurs at the N-terminus of secretory and integral
membrane proteins and which contains a majority of hydrophobic
amino acid residues. For example, a signal sequence contains at
least about 12-70 amino acid residues, preferably about 15-65 amino
acid residues, more preferably about 17-63 amino acid residues, and
has at least about 40-70%, preferably about 50-65%, and more
preferably about 55-60% hydrophobic amino acid residues (e.g.,
alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine,
tryptophan, or proline). Such a "signal sequence", also referred to
in the art as a "signal peptide", serves to direct a protein
containing such a sequence to a lipid bilayer. For example, in one
embodiment, a 33949 protein contains a signal sequence of about
amino acids 1-37 of SEQ ID NO:8. The "signal sequence" is cleaved
during processing of the mature protein. The mature 33949 protein
corresponds to amino acids 38-608 of SEQ ID NO:8. The 50226 or
58764 protein may include a signal sequence, and thus the mature
50226 or 58764 protein may correspond to amino acids 18-389 of SEQ
ID NO:14 or amino acids 64-324 of SEQ ID NO:17 respectively.
[0118] As the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764
polypeptides of the invention may modulate 26199-, 33530-, 33949-,
47148-, 50226-, or 58764-mediated activities, they may be useful
for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic agents for 26199-,
33530-, 33949-, 47148-, 50226-, or 58764-mediated or related
disorders, as described below.
[0119] As used herein, a "26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or
58764 activity", "biological activity of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, or 58764" or "functional activity of 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764", refers to an activity exerted by a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764 protein, polypeptide or
nucleic acid molecule on e.g., a 26199-, 33530-, 33949-, 47148-,
50226-, or 58764-responsive cell or on a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, or 58764 substrate, e.g., a lipid or protein
substrate, as determined in vivo or in vitro. In one embodiment, a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764 activity is a direct
activity, such as an association with a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, or 58764 target molecule. A "target molecule" or "binding
partner" is a molecule with which a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, or 58764 protein binds or interacts in nature, e.g., a lipid
to which the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764 protein
attaches an acyl chain. A 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, or
58764 activity can also be an indirect activity, e.g., a cellular
signaling activity mediated by interaction of the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, or 58764 protein with a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, or 58764 ligand.
[0120] The transferase molecules of the present invention are
predicted to modulate and facilitate cell proliferation,
differentiation, motility, and apoptosis. Thus, the transferase
molecules of the present invention may play a role in cellular
growth signaling mechanisms. As used herein, the term "cellular
growth signaling mechanism" includes signal transmissions from cell
receptors, e.g., growth factor receptors, which regulate one or
more of the following: 1) cell transversal through the cell cycle,
2) cell differentiation, 3) cell migration and patterning, and 4)
programmed cell death. Throughout development and in the adult
organism, cell fate and activity is determined, in part, by
extracellular and intracellular stimuli, e.g., growth factors,
angiogenic factors, chemotactic factors, neurotrophic factors,
cytokines, and hormones. These stimuli act on their target cells by
initiating signal transduction cascades that alter the pattern of
gene expression and metabolic activity so as to mediate the
appropriate cellular response. The transferase molecules of the
present invention are predicted to be involved in the initiation or
modulation of cellular signal transduction pathways that modulate
cell growth, differentiation, migration and/or apoptosis. Thus, the
transferase molecules, by participating in cellular growth
signaling mechanisms, may modulate cell behavior and act as
therapeutic agents for controlling cellular proliferation,
differentiation, migration, and apoptosis.
[0121] Altered expression of factors (e.g., a transferase molecule)
involved in the regulation of signaling pathways associated with
cell growth, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis can lead to
perturbed cellular proliferation, which in turn can lead to
cellular proliferative and/or differentiative disorders. As used
herein, a "cellular proliferative disorder" includes a disorder,
disease, or condition characterized by a deregulated, e.g.,
upregulated or downregulated, growth response. As used herein, a
"cellular differentiative disorder" includes a disorder, disease,
or condition characterized by aberrant cellular differentiation.
Thus, the transferase molecules can act as novel diagnostic targets
and therapeutic agents for controlling cellular proliferative
and/or differentiative disorders.
[0122] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders include cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma, metastatic
disorders or hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g., leukemias. A
metastatic tumor can arise from a multitude of primary tumor types,
including but not limited to those of prostate, colon, lung, breast
and liver origin.
[0123] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, and 58764 nucleic
acid and protein of the invention can be used to treat and/or
diagnose a variety of proliferative disorders. E.g., such disorders
include hematopoietic neoplastic disorders.
Gene Expression Analysis of 26199, 33530, 33949, 50226 and
58764
[0124] Human 26199, 33530, 33949, 50226 or 58764 expression was
measured by TaqMan.RTM. quantitative PCR (Perkin Elmer Applied
Biosystems) in cDNA prepared from a variety of normal and diseased
(e.g., cancerous) human tissues or cell lines.
[0125] 26199 was identified as being induced in MCF10A and
MCF10AT3B human breast epithelial cells, following stimulation with
epidermal growth factor (EGF). Taqman results for 26199 on cDNA
from untreated MCF10A, untreated MCF10AT3B cells and cells treated
with 10 ng EGF/ml for 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours is shown in the
following Table 2. In the EGF treated MCF10A and MCF10AT3B panel,
26199 expression increased in MCF10A cells at 1 hour through 4
hours post EGF-treatment. This was consistent with the array data,
although slightly delayed, as the array data showed an increase in
26199 expression at 30 minutes post EGF treatment.
[0126] The 25K array was profiled with probes generated from
untreated MCF10A cells and MCF10A cells treated with 10 ng EGF/ml
for 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours. The 25K array was also profiled with
probes generated from untreated MCF10AT3B cells and MCF10AT3B cells
treated with 10 ng EGF/ml for 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours. 26199
expression increased following EGF treatment.
[0127] The MPGv3.0 array was profiled with probes generated from 4
normal breast tissue samples, 4 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
samples, 4 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) samples and 3 invasive
lobular carcinoma (ILC) samples. A clone representing 26199 showed
expression levels at 2.6-4.5 the median array intensity of the
normal breast samples in 3/4 DCIS samples.
[0128] This discrepancy may be explained by the fact that RNAs from
different EGF-treated MCF10A cell experiments were used for the
array and Taqman experiments. MCF10AT3B cells also showed an
increase in 26199 expression at 1 hour post EGF-treatment, but
overall expression levels were low (Ct values .about.30).
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 26199 Expression in EGF-treated MCF10A and
MCF10AT3B Cells MCF10A 0 hr 27.0 15.7 0.4 MCF10A 0.5 hr 27.0 15.6
0.4 MCF10A 1 hr 25.5 15.9 1.3 MCF10A 2 hr 25.2 15.8 1.4 MCF10A 4 hr
25.7 15.9 1.1 MCF10A 8 hr 26.5 16.0 0.7 MCF3B 0 hr 30.7 17.8 0.1
MCF3B 0.5 hr 31.0 17.8 0.1 MCF3B 1 hr 29.1 17.3 0.3 MCF3B 2 hr 30.1
18.4 0.3 MCF3B 4 hr 30.1 18.1 0.2 MCF3B 8 hr 30.3 17.7 0.2
[0129] The following Table 3 shows the Taqman results for an
oncology panel (Phase I) of human tissues. 26199 expression was
upregulated by 4-16-fold in 6/6 breast tumor samples versus 3/4
normal breast samples. Lung tumors uniformly expressed increased
levels of 26199 in comparison to normal lung samples.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 26199 Expression in Clinical Tumor Samples
Average Average Relative 26199 Beta 2 Expression Breast N 37.0 22.2
0.0 Breast N 38.5 20.6 0.0 Breast N 33.2 17.2 0.0 Breast N 31.3
19.0 0.6 Breast T 30.8 17.3 0.3 Breast T 31.8 17.9 0.2 Breast T
28.1 16.2 0.8 Breast T 30.0 16.5 0.3 Breast T 32.2 18.2 0.2 Breast
T 32.5 19.3 0.4 Ovary N 28.9 17.3 1.1 Ovary N 30.2 18.7 1.1 Ovary N
31.2 19.1 0.8 Ovary N 34.9 22.3 0.5 Ovary T 33.1 18.3 0.1 Ovary T
32.5 17.6 0.1 Ovary T 30.3 16.9 0.3 Ovary T 32.8 17.8 0.1 Ovary T
32.3 17.3 0.1 Ovary T 35.1 19.2 0.0 Ovary T 33.3 20.3 0.4 Ovary T
33.0 16.5 0.0 Lung N 40.0 21.8 0.0 Lung N 40.0 18.5 0.0 Lung N 32.7
16.2 0.0 Lung N 38.0 15.6 0.0 Lung T 29.5 16.1 0.3 Lung T 27.1 16.0
1.4 Lung T 31.8 17.4 0.2 Lung T 31.4 16.5 0.1 Lung T 30.4 18.7 1.0
Lung T 32.3 18.6 0.3 Lung T 30.5 17.2 0.3
[0130] The following Table 4 shows the Taqman results for another
oncology (Phase II) panel of human tissues. Breast, ovary, colon
and lung tumors all expressed 26199. Differential expression
between tumor and normal tissues was most significant in colon and
lung tissues.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 26199 Expression in Clinical Tumor Samples
Average Average Relative 26199 Beta 2 Expression Colon N 32.2 16.9
0.0 Colon N 35.4 21.1 0.0 Colon N 30.0 18.0 0.3 Colon N 31.2 16.8
0.0 Colon T 31.0 16.2 0.0 Colon T 26.8 17.2 1.3 Colon T 31.5 16.0
0.0 Colon T 30.1 17.0 0.1 Colon T 29.7 16.2 0.1 Colon T 32.4 16.0
0.0 Liver Met 30.7 17.3 0.1 Liver Met 31.3 19.6 0.3 Liver Met 31.6
17.8 0.1 Liver Met 31.9 17.7 0.1 Liver Nor 33.0 16.3 0.0 Liver Nor
36.8 22.6 0.0 Brain N 28.3 19.6 2.5 Brain N 28.8 20.2 2.7 Brain N
30.4 19.5 0.5 Brain N 27.3 19.5 4.5 Astrocytes 33.5 21.1 0.2 Brain
T 36.3 16.6 0.0 Brain T 35.6 17.4 0.0 Brain T 34.0 18.2 0.0 Brain T
32.2 17.0 0.0 Brain T 33.6 19.2 0.0 HMVEC 29.9 15.9 0.1 HMVEC 30.0
16.5 0.1 Placenta 36.3 22.1 0.0 Fetal Adren 34.9 23.7 0.4 Fetal
Adren 25.4 16.2 1.7 Fetal Liver 27.9 19.7 3.3 Fetal Liver 31.5 18.3
0.1
[0131] For Taqman results on the phase I tissue panel, highest
expression of 26199 orthologs is found in normal brain cortex as
shown in the following Table 5.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 26199 Expression w/.beta.2 in Normal Tissues
Tissue Type Mean .beta. 2 Mean .differential..differential. Ct
Expression Artery normal 31.98 21.32 10.66 0.6159 Vein normal 33.19
19.65 13.54 0.084 Aortic SMC EARLY 29.74 20.91 8.82 2.205 Coronary
SMC 29.25 21.77 7.48 5.6014 Static HUVEC 26.98 20.16 6.83 8.82
Shear HUVEC 26.61 20.43 6.18 13.7445 Heart normal 26.57 18.23 8.35
3.0648 Heart CHF 26.59 18.58 8.02 3.8658 Kidney 27.37 19.32 8.04
3.7863 Skeletal Muscle 27.2 21.36 5.84 17.4576 Adipose normal 34.56
19.29 15.28 0.0251 Pancreas 28.25 20.68 7.58 5.2444 primary
osteoblasts 28.33 18.55 9.79 1.1335 Osteoclasts (diff) 36.87 16.93
19.94 0 Skin normal 30.56 20.45 10.1 0.9112 Spinal cord normal 30
20.06 9.94 1.018 Brain Cortex normal 24.36 20.31 4.04 60.5806 Brain
Hypothalamus normal 27.36 20.49 6.88 8.5196 Nerve 29.99 23.6 6.39
11.9239 DRG (Dorsal Root Ganglion) 28.39 20.9 7.5 5.5435 Glial
Cells (Astrocytes) 27.25 22.14 5.12 28.8557 Glioblastoma 30.12
17.41 12.71 0.1492 Breast normal 28.45 19.5 8.95 2.022 Breast tumor
26.3 17.65 8.64 2.498 Ovary normal 27.08 19.48 7.6 5.1543 Ovary
Tumor 28.14 19.61 8.52 2.7241 Prostate Normal 28.88 18.95 9.93
1.0287 Prostate Tumor 27.23 17.13 10.11 0.908 Epithelial Cells
(Prostate) 27.35 21.06 6.29 12.7797 Colon normal 30.91 17.58 13.34
0.0968 Colon Tumor 26.05 18.32 7.73 4.7102 Lung normal 33.2 17.39
15.81 0.0174 Lung tumor 26.78 18.11 8.66 2.4636 Lung COPD 31.59
18.16 13.43 0.0906 Colon IBD 34.27 17.11 17.16 0.0068 Liver normal
32.2 19.23 12.97 0.1251 Liver fibrosis 29.07 20.81 8.27 3.2508
Dermal Cells-fibroblasts 31.31 19.29 12.02 0.2408 Spleen normal
27.47 18.92 8.55 2.668 Tonsil normal 28.11 16.62 11.49 0.3465 Lymph
node 28.27 18.01 10.26 0.8155 Small Intestine 31.52 19.39 12.14
0.2223 Skin-Decubitus 29.75 19.63 10.12 0.8986 Synovium 32.38 18.95
13.44 0.09 BM-MNC (Bone marrow 26.89 16.43 10.46 0.7124 mononuclear
cells) Activated PBMC 30.66 15.45 15.21 0.0264
[0132] The following Table 6 shows the Taqman results of an
oncology cell lines panel. 26199 is expressed in many tumor cell
lines. MCF-7 human breast cancer cells is expressed at the highest
levels.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 26199 Expression in Cell Lines Average
Average Relative 26199 B-2 Expression MCF-7 24.5 19.0 45.9 ZR75
26.6 18.7 8.6 T47D 25.5 18.4 15.6 MDA 231 26.8 17.3 2.8 MDA 435
27.5 16.3 0.9 DLD-1 25.0 19.4 42.5 SW 480 27.5 16.9 1.4 SW 620 25.7
18.6 15.0 HCT 116 26.5 18.4 7.7 HT 29 27.7 16.1 0.7 Colo 205 25.8
15.3 1.4 NCIH 125 26.6 17.9 5.3 NCIH 67 25.6 18.8 18.8 NCIH 322
27.0 18.6 6.1 NCIH 460 26.6 17.2 3.2 A549 25.9 18.6 14.0 NHBE 27.7
19.0 5.0
[0133] Confirming previous Taqman results, in a breast cancer cell
model panel, 26199 showed increased expression in MCF10A cells
treated with EGF and high expression in MCF-7 cells as shown in the
following Table 7.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 26199 Expression in Breast Cancer Cell Model
Panel .beta. 2 Tissue Type 26199.2Mean Mean
.differential..differential. Ct Expression MCF10MS 33.07 20.2 12.87
0.13 MCF10A 28.86 19.93 8.93 2.05 MCF10AT.cl1 27.27 20 7.27 6.48
MCF10AT.cl3 26.41 19.45 6.96 8.00 MCF10AT1 28.55 20.47 8.08 3.70
MCF10AT3B 28.27 20.23 8.04 3.79 MCF10CA1a.cl1 33.88 17.32 16.57
0.01 MCF10CA1a.cl1 Agar 33.52 24.69 8.83 2.20 MCF10A.m25 Plastic
31.13 24.23 6.9 8.37 MCF10CA Agar 30.59 22.17 8.41 2.93 MCF10CA
Plastic 29.75 21.52 8.22 3.35 MCF3B Agar 29.02 22.31 6.71 9.59
MCF3B Plastic 28.29 22.19 6.1 14.58 MCF10A EGF 0 hr 26.32 17.72
8.61 2.57 MCF10A EGF 0.5 hr 25.47 17.66 7.8 4.47 MCF10A EGF 1 hr
25.24 17.77 7.47 5.62 MCF10A EGF 2 hr 24.84 17.93 6.9 8.37 MCF10A
EGF 4 hr 25.77 17.58 8.19 3.42 MCF10A EGF 8 hr 25.7 18.02 7.68 4.88
MCF10A IGF1A 0 hr 28.02 21.95 6.07 14.94 MCF10A IGF1A 0.5 hr 28.84
22.38 6.46 11.32 MCF10A IGF1A 1 hr 28.61 21.93 6.68 9.75 MCF10A
IGF1A 3 hr 28.55 21.86 6.7 9.65 MCF10A IGF1A 24 hr 27.09 21.53 5.56
21.20 MCF10AT3B.cl5 Plastic 28.56 22.27 6.29 12.78 MCF10AT3B.cl6
Plastic 29.16 21.9 7.25 6.55 MCF10AT3B.cl3 Plastic 29.12 21.88 7.25
6.59 MCF10AT3B.cl1 Plastic 28.68 22.09 6.59 10.34 MCF10AT3B.cl4
Plastic 28.85 21.75 7.09 7.31 MCF10AT3B.cl2 Plastic 28.84 22.13
6.71 9.55 MCF10AT3B.cl5 Agar 31.66 24.07 7.6 5.15 MCF10AT3B.cl6
Agar 30.9 24.27 6.63 10.13 MCF-7 27.43 23.34 4.09 58.52 ZR--75 28.2
21.51 6.7 9.65 T47D 28.65 21.72 6.93 8.20 MDA-231 29.11 20.47 8.65
2.49 MDA-435 32.42 20.43 11.99 0.25 SkBr3 28.41 20.93 7.47 5.62
Hs578Bst 30.59 19.98 10.61 0.64 Hs578T 28.68 19.93 8.74 2.33
MCF10AT3B Agar 31.95 26.23 5.71 19.04
[0134] For Taqman results in the angiogenesis panel, highest
expression of 26199 orthologs is found in Wilm's tumor as shown in
the following Table 8.
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Expression of 26199 w/.beta.2 in the
Angiogenesis Panel .beta. 2 Tissue Type 26199.2Mean Mean
.differential..differential. Ct Expression ONC 101 Hemangioma 29.19
20.93 8.26 3.26 ONC 102 Hemangioma 28.2 19.48 8.72 2.37 ONC 103
Hemangioma 31.97 20.1 11.87 0.27 CHT 1273 Glioblastoma 25.92 20.98
4.95 32.46 CHT 216 Glioblastoma 28.43 18.61 9.82 1.10 CHT 501
Glioblastoma 28.2 21.54 6.66 9.89 NDR 203 Normal Kidney 28.88 21.8
7.08 7.39 PIT 213 Renal Cell 34.1 21.15 12.96 0.13 Carcinoma CHT
732 Wilms Tumor 25.18 20.18 5 31.25 CHT 765 Wilms Tumor 27.55 22.97
4.59 41.67 NDR 295 Skin 32.78 22.2 10.58 0.65 CHT 1424 Uterine 27.2
19.95 7.25 6.55 Adenocarcinoma CHT 1238 Neuroblastoma 28.02 20.8
7.22 6.68 BWH 78 Fetal Adrenal 25.25 19.23 6.02 15.41 BWH 74 Fetal
Kidney 26.73 21.11 5.62 20.33 BWH 4 Fetal Heart 27.56 21.14 6.42
11.64 MPI 849 Normal Heart 28.16 20.2 7.96 4.00 CLN 746 Spinal cord
29.54 21.25 8.29 3.21
[0135] The following Table 9 shows the Taqman results for an
oncology panel (Plate I) of human tissues. 33530 expression was
upregulated by 3/8 breast tumor samples versus normal breast
samples. 33530 expression was upregulated by 5/7 lung tumor samples
versus normal lung samples. 33530 expression is found in both ovary
tumors and normal ovary samples.
TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 33530 Expression in Oncology Plate I Average
Average Relative 33530 Beta 2 Expression Brst N 29.4 22.4 7.8 Brst
N 28.9 21.2 4.8 Brst N 25.8 17.5 3.1 Brst N 26.3 19.9 11.4 Brst T
24.0 16.5 5.5 Brst T 30.0 24.1 16.7 Brst T 23.2 15.7 5.5 Brst T
31.0 25.0 16.2 Brst T 25.0 16.0 2.0 Brst T 25.5 16.5 1.9 Brst T
28.3 18.2 0.9 Brst T 26.9 19.5 6.1 Ovry N 25.4 17.4 3.9 Ovry N 28.6
18.4 0.8 Ovry T 28.4 18.3 0.9 Ovry T 27.2 17.6 1.3 Ovry T 26.6 16.8
1.1 Ovry T 28.4 17.6 0.6 Ovry T 27.9 17.3 0.7 Ovry T 30.1 19.2 0.5
Lung N 34.2 22.3 0.3 Lung N 31.2 18.9 0.2 Lung N 25.4 15.0 0.7 Lung
N 28.2 16.2 0.2 Lung T 24.3 16.1 3.3 Lung T 25.9 17.0 2.0 Lung T
26.7 17.5 1.7 Lung T 27.4 16.6 0.6 Lung T 26.6 18.8 4.5 Lung T 25.9
17.2 2.4 Lung T 26.7 17.3 1.5
[0136] The following Table 10 shows the Taqman results for an
oncology panel (Plate II) of human tissues. 33530 expression is
found in both colon tumors and normal colon samples as well as
normal liver and liver metastases. 33530 expression was
downregulated by 6/6 glioblastoma samples versus normal brain
samples.
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 33530 Expression in Oncology Plate II
Average Average Relative 33530 Beta 2 Expression Colon N 25.6 16.5
1.9 Colon N 28.8 20.7 3.6 Colon N 25.9 18.1 4.4 Colon N 25.3 16.1
1.7 Colon T 23.2 15.7 5.5 Colon T 26.8 16.5 0.8 Colon T 24.0 15.7
3.1 Colon T 25.0 16.3 2.5 Colon T 24.5 16.3 3.4 Colon T 30.4 23.2
6.9 Colon T 25.3 15.7 1.3 Liver Met 26.7 16.9 1.1 Liver Met 28.5
19.3 1.7 Liver Met 27.7 17.5 0.9 Liver Met 28.2 17.3 0.5 Liver Norm
27.4 17.1 0.8 Liver Norm 30.7 22.5 3.6 Brain N 27.5 19.1 3.0 Brain
N 26.7 18.6 3.7 Brain N 28.5 19.5 1.9 Brain N 28.0 19.5 2.7 GLIO
29.0 17.8 0.4 GLIO 28.0 16.5 0.3 GLIO 27.8 17.2 0.7 GLIO 27.9 17.1
0.6 GLIO 27.5 16.8 0.6 GLIO 29.3 18.9 0.7 HMVEC 24.9 15.9 1.9 HMVEC
24.4 16.6 4.4 Placenta 25.5 16.0 1.5 Fetal Adrenal 30.8 23.6 6.9
Fetal Adrenal 30.4 23.0 5.9 Fetal Liver 25.8 19.1 10.0 Fetal Liver
27.6 19.3 3.2
[0137] The following Table 11 shows the Taqman results of an
oncology cell lines panel. 33530 is expressed in many tumor cell
lines. NCIH67 cancer cells are expressed at the highest levels.
TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 33530 Expression in Xenograph Cell Lines
Average Average Relative 33530 B-2 Expression MCF-7 24.5 19.3 27.5
ZR75 24.9 18.0 8.5 T47D 24.9 18.3 10.0 MDA 231 25.5 17.8 4.8 MDA
435 24.4 16.2 3.4 DLD-1 24.1 19.0 29.9 SW 480 24.4 16.6 4.4 SW 620
24.7 18.2 11.1 HCT 116 24.7 18.2 11.0 HT 29 23.5 15.5 3.8 Colo 205
22.2 14.6 4.9 NCIH 125 24.9 17.2 4.9 NCIH 67 22.8 18.6 54.8 NCIH
322 25.4 18.1 6.4 NCIH 460 25.3 17.4 4.1 A549 24.6 19.1 22.0 NHBE
24.9 18.5 11.4
[0138] For Taqman results on the phase I tissue panel, highest
expression of 33530 orthologs is found in epithelial cells, glial
cells and pancreas as shown in the following Table 12.
TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 Phase 1.2.2 Expression of 33530 w/ .beta.2
Tissue Type Mean .beta.2 Mean .differential..differential. Ct
Expression Aorta/normal 37.40 24.33 13.07 0.00 Fetal heart/normal
26.36 20.76 5.60 20.69 Heart normal 28.15 19.80 8.36 3.05 Heart/CHF
28.75 21.82 6.93 8.23 Vein/Normal 31.44 20.27 11.17 0.43 Spinal
cord/Normal 29.60 19.98 9.62 1.27 Brain cortex/Normal 27.74 21.97
5.77 18.39 Brain hypothalamus/Normal 27.36 21.03 6.33 12.43 Glial
cells (Astrocytes) 26.81 22.55 4.26 52.19 Brain/Glioblastoma 27.58
19.24 8.34 3.09 Breast/Normal 30.40 20.10 10.31 0.79 Breast
tumor/IDC 27.78 19.53 8.26 3.27 OVARY/Normal 29.29 21.91 7.38 6.00
OVARY/Tumor 29.68 20.37 9.32 1.57 Pancreas 29.50 25.16 4.34 49.38
Prostate/Normal 28.56 20.13 8.44 2.89 Prostate/Tumor 26.51 18.99
7.52 5.45 Colon/normal 31.80 18.59 13.21 0.11 Colon/tumor 25.95
19.55 6.40 11.88 Colon/IBD 29.96 19.32 10.64 0.63 Kidney/normal
28.40 21.43 6.97 7.98 Liver/normal 28.56 19.72 8.84 2.18 Liver
fibrosis 28.54 20.98 7.56 5.30 Fetal Liver/normal 27.48 22.30 5.18
27.58 Lung/normal 30.84 18.76 12.08 0.23 Lung/tumor 28.44 19.05
9.39 1.49 Lung/COPD 27.78 19.06 8.73 2.36 Spleen/normal 32.91 21.51
11.40 0.37 Tonsil/normal 30.34 19.01 11.33 0.39 Lymph node/normal
30.65 19.50 11.15 0.44 Thymus/normal 28.21 20.28 7.93 4.11
Epithelial Cells (prostate) 24.93 21.34 3.60 82.76 Endothelial
Cells (aortic) 29.20 21.77 7.43 5.80 Skeletal Muscle/Normal 30.83
21.49 9.35 1.54 Fibroblasts (Dermal) 27.80 19.85 7.95 4.06
Skin/normal 30.89 22.13 8.76 2.31 Adipose/Normal 30.81 19.69 11.12
0.45 Osteoblasts (primary) 29.02 21.13 7.89 4.23 Osteoblasts
(Undiff) 26.95 19.97 6.98 7.92 Osteoblasts (Diff) 26.73 19.10 7.63
5.07 Osteoclasts 30.45 18.45 12.01 0.24 Aortic SMC Early 26.91
21.36 5.55 21.42 Aortic SMC Late 28.93 24.16 4.78 36.52 shear HUVEC
26.17 21.42 4.76 37.03 static HUVEC 27.71 21.97 5.75 18.65
Osteoclasts (Undiff) 32.78 17.43 15.35 0.02
[0139] Table 13 below shows Taqman results for an oncology cell
lines panel. 33949 was expressed at high levels in many tumor cell
lines, including DLD-1, ZR-75, SW620, NCIH125 and MCF-7.
TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 13 33949 Expression in Xenograph Panel Average
Average Relative 33949 B-2 DCt Expression MCF-7 22.0 23.1 -1.1
2166.0 ZR75 21.2 23.1 -1.9 3823.8 T47D 21.6 22.0 -0.5 1375.5 MDA
231 21.6 21.0 0.7 619.9 MDA 435 21.8 19.7 2.1 238.2 DLD-1 21.3 25.0
-3.7 12996.0 SW 480 21.7 19.4 2.3 203.1 SW 620 20.9 22.3 -1.4
2657.4 HCT 116 22.1 22.1 0.0 993.1 HT 29 22.2 19.6 2.6 162.1 Colo
205 22.3 18.7 3.6 84.2 NCIH 125 21.1 21.7 -0.6 1489.7 NCIH 67 21.0
22.3 -1.2 2329.5 NCIH 322 22.6 22.2 0.4 737.1 NCIH 460 20.9 21.6
-0.7 1613.3 A549 22.2 23.1 -0.9 1859.6 NHBE 23.2 23.0 0.2 858.6
SKOV-3 24.4 20.8 3.6 82.2 OVCAR-3 24.4 23.9 0.4 732.0 293 22.9 23.9
-1.0 2013.9 293T 22.9 25.3 -2.4 5259.8
[0140] In an oncology phase I panel of human tissues, Taqman
results showed highest expression of 33949 in the normal brain
cortex and kidney pools as shown in the following Table 14. Breast,
colon and lung tumor pools expressed higher levels of 33949 than
their respective normal tissue counterparts.
TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 14 Phase 1.3.3 Expression of 33949 Tissue Type
Mean .beta.2 Mean .differential..differential. Ct Expression Artery
normal 31.23 22.2 9.03 1.91 Vein normal 32.41 20.47 11.95 0.25
Aortic SMC EARLY 28.88 21.97 6.91 8.34 Coronary SMC 28.32 23.06
5.26 26.01 Static HUVEC 25.88 20.7 5.18 27.49 Shear HUVEC 26.43
21.16 5.26 26.01 Heart normal 27.95 19.02 8.92 2.06 Heart CHF 26.23
19.27 6.96 8.06 Kidney 24.45 20.72 3.73 75.36 Skeletal Muscle 28.6
21.41 7.18 6.87 Adipose normal 31.28 19.6 11.68 0.30 Pancreas 26.29
21.61 4.67 39.15 primary osteoblasts 27.75 19.37 8.38 3.00
Osteoclasts (diff) 40 17.53 22.47 0.00 Skin normal 29.98 21.37 8.62
2.55 Spinal cord normal 29.07 19.88 9.2 1.71 Brain Cortex normal
23.39 21.23 2.15 225.31 Brain Hypothalamus normal 26.27 21.24 5.03
30.71 Nerve 33.73 23.85 9.88 1.06 DRG (Dorsal Root Ganglion) 27.38
21.94 5.43 23.12 Glial Cells (Astrocytes) 27.7 22.29 5.41 23.60
Glioblastoma 25.72 18.29 7.43 5.78 Breast normal 28.07 20.45 7.62
5.10 Breast tumor 24.44 18.28 6.16 13.98 Ovary normal 25.82 20.36
5.45 22.88 Ovary Tumor 31.1 20.29 10.81 0.56 Prostate Normal 26.41
19.45 6.95 8.09 Prostate Tumor 24.09 17.93 6.16 13.98 Epithelial
Cells (Prostate) 26.16 21.29 4.87 34.20 Colon normal 31.93 18.18
13.76 0.07 Colon Tumor 25.5 19.03 6.46 11.32 Lung normal 33.51
18.43 15.07 0.03 Lung tumor 25.87 18.64 7.24 6.64 Lung COPD 28.28
18.41 9.87 1.07 Colon IBD 35.7 18.15 17.56 0.00 Liver normal 32.31
20.04 12.27 0.20 Liver fibrosis 30.41 21.65 8.77 2.30 Dermal
Cells-fibroblasts 29.56 20.88 8.69 2.43 Spleen normal 31.32 19.43
11.9 0.26 Tonsil normal 28.16 17.18 10.98 0.49 Lymph node 30.18
18.55 11.64 0.31 Small Intestine 32.89 19.52 13.37 0.09
Skin-Decubitus 29.54 20.52 9.02 1.93 Synovium 33.65 20.19 13.46
0.09 BM-MNC (Bone marrow 31.97 16.69 15.28 0.03 mononuclear cells)
Activated PBMC 32.12 15.93 16.18 0.01
[0141] Table 15 below shows Taqman results for oncology phase II
panels of human tissues. 33949 was expressed at high levels in a
subset of breast, lung, colon, ovarian and brain tumors.
Differential expression between tumors and respective normal
tissues was most significant in lung tissue. Confirming phase I
expression patterns, normal brain tissue expressed very high levels
of 33949.
TABLE-US-00015 TABLE 15 33949 Expression in Oncology Plate Tissue
Type Mean .beta.2 Mean .differential..differential. Ct Expression
PIT 400 Breast N 24.57 18.06 6.28 12.8686 PIT 271 Breast N 30.05
24.81 5.01 31.0341 PIT 56 Breast N 29.92 21.97 7.71 4.7594 MDA 106
Breast T 26.18 20.25 5.68 19.4377 MDA 234 Breast T 26.1 17.11 8.76
2.3146 NDR 57 Breast T 25.75 18.3 7.21 6.7542 MDA 304 Breast T 28.6
18.4 9.96 1.0005 NDR 58 Breast T 23.85 17.22 6.4 11.8415 NDR 132
Breast T 24.95 20.3 4.42 46.5524 NDR 07 Breast T 29.02 18.8 9.98
0.9868 NDR 12 Breast T 26.93 20.73 5.96 16.0087 PIT 208 Ovary N
23.66 18.22 5.21 27.1106 CHT 620 Ovary N 25.61 19.01 6.37 12.0904
CHT 619 Ovary N 24.16 19.19 4.74 37.4212 CLN 03 Ovary T 26.27 19.18
6.84 8.6986 CLN 05 Ovary T 26.7 18.09 8.37 3.0331 CLN 17 Ovary T
24.8 19.27 5.29 25.471 CLN 07 Ovary T 27.07 18.56 8.28 3.2283 CLN
08 Ovary T 27.11 18.23 8.64 2.498 MDA 216 Ovary T 29.27 20.16 8.88
2.1299 CLN 012 Ovary T 24.94 20.36 4.34 49.3776 MDA 25 Ovary T
25.53 20.97 4.33 49.721 MDA 183 Lung N 28.27 17.23 10.81 0.557 CLN
930 Lung N 29.38 20.37 8.78 2.2828 MDA 185 Lung N 28.19 19.45 8.5
2.7621 MDI 215 Lung T 24.5 18.5 5.76 18.3892 MDA 259 Lung T 23.52
18.9 4.39 47.6956 CHT 832 Lung T 23.47 18.11 5.12 28.8557 MDA 253
Lung T 26.18 17.5 8.46 2.8496 CHT 814 Lung T 23.95 16.45 7.27
6.4791 CHT 911 Lung T 24.47 18.52 5.72 18.9718 CHT 726 Lung T 24.97
16.82 7.92 4.1433 MDA 253 Lung T 24.09 19.9 3.96 64.0348 CHT 845
Lung T 23.81 19.38 4.2 54.5983 NHBE 38.42 18.29 19.9 0 CHT 396
Colon N 32 18.5 13.27 0.10 CHT 519 Colon N 35.76 19.97 15.56 0.00
CHT 416 Colon N 29.23 19.16 9.83 1.10 CHT 452 Colon N 34.25 17.43
16.59 0.01 CHT 398 Colon T 25.08 19.49 5.36 24.43 CHT 805 Colon T
26.63 18.18 8.21 3.38 CHT 528 Colon T 25.23 18.18 6.83 8.82 CHT 368
Colon T 27.58 17.29 10.06 0.94 CHT 372 Colon T 28.23 19.59 8.4 2.95
CHT 01 Liver Met 32.19 18.34 13.61 0.08 CHT 896 Liver Met 28.47
19.28 8.95 2.02 NDR 217 Liver Met 30.55 18.48 11.82 0.28 PIT 260
Liver N 34.7 17.28 17.19 0.01 PIT 229 Liver N 29.16 24.06 4.87
34.20 MGH 16 Brain N 27.71 23.88 3.6 82.76 MCL 53 Brain N 25.63
23.82 1.58 335.64* MCL 377 Brain N 28.52 24.89 3.4 94.73 MCL 390
Brain N 25.23 23.19 1.8 287.17* MPI 665 Astrocytes 24.72 19.84 4.65
39.83 CHT 201 Brain T 35.55 20.35 14.97 0.00 CHT 216 Brain T 24.07
17.25 6.58 10.45 CHT 501 Brain T 26.57 20.53 5.8 17.89 CHT 1273
Brain T 24.31 21.39 2.69 155.50* CHT 828 Brian T 30.73 21.98 8.52
2.72 A24 HMVEC-Arr 25.1 18.09 6.78 9.13 C48 HMVEC-Prol 25.8 20.19
5.38 24.10 CHT 50 Placenta 28.98 24.77 3.98 63.37 BWH 75 Fetal
Liver 26.2 19.39 6.58 10.49 BWH 54 Fetal Liver 27.23 21.57 5.42
23.36 PIT 213 Rnal Tumor 36.71 24.85 11.63 0.00 CHT 1424
Endometrial AC 30.24 23.34 6.66 9.89 BWH 58 Fetal Adrenal 32.01
26.05 5.73 18.84 PIT 251 Fetal Adrenal 32.1 26.06 5.81 17.82
.differential..differential. Ct value less than 3 so data may be
inaccurate
[0142] Table 16 below shows Taqman results for an MCF10 variants
cell model panel (breast cancer cell model panel). Confirming
transcription profiling data, 33949 was expressed at highest levels
in MCF10AT3B cells grown on agar vs. plastic. 33949 was first
identified by transcription profiling as being expressed at higher
levels in MCF10AT3B cells grown anchorage-independently vs.
anchorage-dependently.
[0143] In microarray expression experiments, a human MPGv3.0 array
was hybridized with probes generated from various MCF10 cells:
MCF10A (10A)--normal human breast epithelial cell, nontransformed,
nontumorigenic MCF10A.m25 (10A.m25)--clone of MCF10A MCF10AT.cl1
(CL.1)--activated-ras-expressing nontumorigenic clone MCF10AT.cl3
(CL.3)--activated-ras-expressing nontumorigenic clone MCF10AT1
(AT1)--activated-ras-expressing tumorigenic line, derived from
passage of MCF10AT cells through immunocompromised mice MCF10AT3B
(3B)--activated ras-expressing tumorigenic line, derived from two
additional serial passages of MCF10AT1 through immunocompromised
mice
[0144] Cells were cultured anchorage-dependently on plastic unless
indicated by the word `agar` in which case the cells were cultured
anchorage-independently in soft agar. 33949 was expressed at the
highest levels in MCF10AT3B cells grown anchorage-independently vs.
anchorage-dependently.
[0145] This result was repeated in independently prepared MCF10AT3B
plastic and agar samples as shown in the Taqman results below.
TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 16 33949 Expression in MCF10A Variant Cells
Average Average Relative 33949 Beta 2 D Ct Expression MCF10A -NT
23.7 17.7 6.0 15.7 MCF10AT.c11 -NT 23.1 17.3 5.8 18.5 MCF10AT.c13
-NT 23.4 17.5 6.0 15.8 MCF10MS -NT 23.8 17.5 6.3 12.4 MCF10CA1a.c11
-T 22.3 15.1 7.3 6.4 MCF10AT1 -T 23.9 18.0 5.9 17.0 MCF10AT3B -T
24.1 18.0 6.2 13.8 MCF10AT3B-agar 27.3 23.7 3.6 84.5
MCF10CA1a.cl1-agar 27.1 22.0 5.1 30.0 MCF10A-m25-plastic 27.7 22.1
5.6 21.0 MCF CA-agar 24.0 18.9 5.1 28.9 MCF CA-plastic 23.5 18.3
5.2 27.2 MCF 3B-agar 24.2 20.0 4.2 53.1 MCF 3B-plastic 24.8 19.4
5.4 23.2
[0146] The following Table 17 depicts a Taq Man array of 50226 RNA
expression relative to the progression of cells through the cell
cycle of human colon cancer cells, HCT166 and HCT116 Noc Cells.
TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 17 50226 Expression in HCT166 and HCT116 Noc
Cells Average Average Relative 50226.1 Beta 2 D Ct Expression
HCT116 t = 0 23.92 20.28 3.64 80.21 HCT116 t = 3 20.82 17.08 3.74
74.84 HCT116 t = 6 21.26 17.42 3.84 69.83 HCT116 t = 9 21.57 17.78
3.79 72.29 HCT116 t = 12 20.46 16.37 4.09 58.72 HCT116 t = 15 29.10
21.57 7.53 5.43 HCT116 t = 18 21.19 17.26 3.93 65.61 HCT116 t = 21
21.09 17.60 3.49 89.00 HCT116 t = 24 21.27 17.41 3.87 68.63 HCT116
NOC t = 0 23.64 21.51 2.13 228.46 HCT116 Noc t = 3 24.25 22.02 2.23
213.16 HCT116 Noc t = 6 24.07 21.39 2.68 156.04 HCT116 Noc t = 9
23.60 20.77 2.83 140.63 HCT116 Noc t = 15 24.51 22.45 2.06 240.65
HCT116 Noc t = 18 23.95 21.32 2.63 161.54 HCT116 Noc t = 21 24.09
20.99 3.10 116.63 HCT116 Noc t = 24 24.51 21.69 2.83 141.12
[0147] For Taqman results on the phase I tissue panel, highest
expression of 50226 orthologs is found in normal brain cortex as
shown in the following Table 18. Breast, prostate, colon and lung
tumor pools expressed higher levels of 50226 than their respective
normal tissue counterparts. Normal ovary and prostate pools
expressed higher levels of 50226 than their respective tumor tissue
counterparts.
TABLE-US-00018 TABLE 18 Phase 1.4.3 Expression of 50226.1 Tissue
Type Mean .beta.2 Mean .differential..differential. Ct Expression
Artery normal 30.18 23.23 6.95 8.088 Vein normal 31.3 21.28 10.02
0.9665 Aortic SMC EARLY 29.36 22.54 6.82 8.8507 Coronary SMC 29.88
23.15 6.73 9.4204 Static HUVEC 27.09 21.57 5.53 21.7175 Shear HUVEC
27.27 22.45 4.82 35.4026 Heart normal 26.66 19.45 7.21 6.7542 Heart
CHF 26.14 19.93 6.21 13.5553 Kidney 28 20.84 7.16 7.0167 Skeletal
Muscle 29.7 23.25 6.46 11.3986 Adipose normal 32.58 23.22 9.36
1.5271 Pancreas 30.8 23.16 7.63 5.0483 primary osteoblasts 27.09
20.11 6.98 7.9216 Osteoclasts (diff) 29.05 18.11 10.93 0.5126 Skin
normal 31.93 23.18 8.76 2.3146 Spinal cord normal 31.09 21.81 9.28
1.6142 Brain Cortex normal 27.18 23.11 4.07 59.7466 Brain
Hypothalamus normal 29.58 22.89 6.7 9.6517 Nerve 30.18 22.61 7.57
5.2626 DRG (Dorsal Root Ganglion) 29.32 22.54 6.78 9.1311 Resting
PBMC 28.56 16.98 11.59 0.3255 Glioblastoma 28.11 19.28 8.84 2.1898
Breast normal 31.39 23.15 8.23 3.3191 Breast tumor 27.75 20 7.75
4.6615 Ovary normal 27.11 20.98 6.12 14.3779 Ovary Tumor 29.52
20.84 8.67 2.4551 Prostate Normal 28.54 21.18 7.36 6.1084 Prostate
Tumor 28.86 21.33 7.54 5.3919 Colon normal 29.94 20.62 9.32 1.5646
Colon Tumor 25.78 19.79 5.99 15.7337 Lung normal 28.98 19.22 9.77
1.1453 Lung tumor 27 19.61 7.4 5.9208 Lung COPD 30.52 20.83 9.69
1.2107 Colon IBD 31.5 19.93 11.57 0.3278 Liver normal 30.23 21.82
8.41 2.9298 Liver fibrosis 29.7 22.08 7.62 5.0834 Dermal Cells-
fibroblasts 27.83 19.76 8.07 3.7212 Spleen normal 30.41 20.82 9.59
1.302 Tonsil normal 28.18 18.33 9.85 1.0836 Lymph node 30.59 20.27
10.32 0.7796 Skin-Decubitus 29.86 21.06 8.8 2.2358 Synovium 30.67
20.34 10.34 0.7742 BM-MNC (Bone marrow 26.86 17.29 9.57 1.3111
mononuclear cells) Activated PBMC 30.02 19.17 10.85 0.5437
Epithelial Cells (Prostate) 30.75 26.5 4.25 52.556 small Intestine
32.32 24.07 8.25 3.2848
[0148] The Taqman results in the following Table 19 also show
highest expression of 50226 orthologs in normal brain cortex.
TABLE-US-00019 TABLE 19 Phase 1.3.3 Expression of 50226 w/.beta.2
Tissue Type Mean .beta.2 Mean .differential..differential. Ct
Expression Artery normal 30.93 21.29 9.65 1.2447 Vein normal 30.26
19.26 11 0.4883 Aortic SMC EARLY 25.3 19.11 6.2 13.6496 Coronary
SMC 27.07 21.04 6.03 15.3566 Static HUVEC 25.16 19.84 5.31 25.2076
Shear HUVEC 24.94 19.89 5.05 30.0811 Heart normal 25.16 18.14 7.02
7.7049 Heart CHF 24.55 18.68 5.87 17.0983 Kidney 26.04 19.78 6.26
13.0482 Skeletal Muscle 27.34 20.53 6.82 8.8814 Adipose normal
29.99 18.93 11.07 0.4668 Pancreas 28.31 20.91 7.4 5.9208 primary
osteoblasts 25.76 18.66 7.11 7.2641 Osteoclasts (diff) 32.91 17.1
15.81 0.0174 Skin normal 29.99 20.32 9.66 1.2318 Spinal cord normal
28.36 19.06 9.29 1.5919 Brain Cortex normal 24.93 20.15 4.79 36.272
Brain Hypothalamus normal 27.38 20.47 6.92 8.2866 Nerve 31.3 23.34
7.96 4.03 DRG (Dorsal Root Ganglion) 28.2 21.32 6.87 8.5492 Glial
Cells (Astrocytes) 27.02 21.56 5.46 22.6397 Glioblastoma 27.93
17.18 10.74 0.5827 Breast normal 30.11 19.61 10.51 0.6881 Breast
tumor 26.22 17.66 8.56 2.6405 Ovary normal 25.93 19.54 6.39 11.9239
Ovary Tumor 30.86 19.39 11.48 0.3501 Prostate Normal 28.35 18.9
9.46 1.4248 Prostate Tumor 25.82 17.18 8.64 2.498 Epithelial Cells
(Prostate) 25.31 20.23 5.08 29.6669 Colon normal 28.63 17.5 11.14
0.4447 Colon Tumor 24.52 18.2 6.32 12.5602 Lung normal 32.88 18
14.88 0.0332 Lung tumor 26.56 17.91 8.65 2.4894 Lung COPD 30.25
17.91 12.35 0.1915 Colon IBD 34.87 17.56 17.31 0.0062 Liver normal
28.68 19.39 9.29 1.5919 Liver fibrosis 28.52 21.29 7.24 6.6382
Dermal Cells- fibroblasts 26.73 18.81 7.92 4.1147 Spleen normal
31.04 18.86 12.18 0.2163 Tonsil normal 27.56 16.65 10.91 0.5197
Lymph node 29.31 18.07 11.23 0.4149 Small intestine 29.88 19.14
10.74 0.5847 Skin-Decubitus 29.5 19.95 9.55 1.334 Synovium 37.22
20.08 17.14 0 BM-MNC (Bone marrow 26.81 16.31 10.49 0.6929
mononuclear cells) Activated PBMC 28.93 15.64 13.29 0.0998
[0149] The following Table 20 shows the Taqman results for an
oncology panel (Phase II) of human tissues. 50226 expression was
upregulated by in 6/6 colon tumor or colon metastases samples
versus normal colon samples. 50226 expression was upregulated by in
5/6 lung tumor samples versus normal lung samples. 50226 expression
was found in both breast and ovary tumors and normal breast and
ovary samples.
TABLE-US-00020 TABLE 20 50226.2 Expression in Oncology Phase II
Panel 50226.2 Tissue Type Mean .beta.2 Mean
.differential..differential. Ct Expression PIT 400 Breast N 29.77
20.4 9.38 1.50 PIT 372 Breast N 30.78 21.07 9.71 1.19 CHT 559
Breast N 35.76 22.82 12.94 0.00 MDA 304 Breast T: MD-IDC 30.93
19.61 11.32 0.39 CHT 2002 Breast T: IDC 29.42 20.3 9.13 1.79 MDA
236-Breast T: 32.06 20.57 11.48 0.35 PD-IDC (ILC?) CHT 562 Breast
T: IDC 30.16 19.44 10.73 0.59 NDR 138 Breast T ILC (LG) 28.67 21.43
7.24 6.64 CHT 1841 Lymph node 33.12 22.2 10.91 0.52 (Breast met)
PIT 58 Lung (Breast met) 33.91 23.27 10.64 0.63 CHT 620 Ovary N
27.41 20.14 7.27 6.48 PIT 208 Ovary N 26.11 19.45 6.66 9.89 CLN 012
Ovary T 29.97 22.59 7.38 5.98 CLN 07 Ovary T 29.81 19.73 10.07 0.93
CLN 17 Ovary T 27.32 20.9 6.42 11.64 MDA 25 Ovary T 30.21 22.52 7.7
4.83 MDA 216 Ovary T 29.27 19.29 9.98 0.99 PIT 298 Lung N 29.74
19.52 10.22 0.84 MDA 185 Lung N 32.22 20.52 11.71 0.30 CLN 930 Lung
N 31.83 21.5 10.32 0.78 MPI 215 Lung T--SmC 27.18 19.74 7.45 5.74
MDA 259 Lung T-PDNSCCL 27.36 20.67 6.68 9.72 CHT 832 Lung T-PDNSCCL
29.51 19.36 10.15 0.88 MDA 262 Lung T-SCC 28.93 23.23 5.71 19.17
CHT 793 Lung T-ACA 26.51 19.22 7.29 6.37 CHT 331 Lung T-ACA 28.55
22.22 6.33 12.43 CHT 405 Colon N 28.07 17.4 10.66 0.62 CHT 523
Colon N 29.19 19.36 9.82 1.10 CHT 371 Colon N 26.55 16.68 9.86 1.08
CHT 382 Colon T: MD 29.84 21.75 8.1 3.64 CHT 528 Colon T: MD 25.31
18.47 6.84 8.73 CLN 609 Colon T 27.82 19.79 8.04 3.81 NDR 210 Colon
T: MD-PD 30.75 24.11 6.64 9.99 CHT 340 Colon-Liver Met 28.59 21.66
6.92 8.23 NDR 100 Colon-Liver Met 25.22 18.55 6.67 9.82 PIT 260
Liver N (female) 28.43 19.15 9.29 1.60 CHT 1653 Cervix 27.37 21.91
5.46 22.72 Squamous CC CHT 569 Cervix 31.57 19.77 11.8 0.28
Squamous CC A24 HMVEC-Arr 27.13 19.58 7.54 5.35 C48 HMVEC-Prol
26.39 19.91 6.48 11.20 Pooled Hemangiomas 30.27 20.04 10.23 0.84
HCT116N22 Normoxic 25.3 22.16 3.14 113.44 HCT116H22 Hypoxic 26.24
22.8 3.44 91.82
[0150] The Taqman results in the following Table 21 show highest
expression of 58764 orthologs in PBL HIV-1 d1.
TABLE-US-00021 TABLE 21 58764 (agpat) Expression 58764 18S relative
exp. PBL mock d1 26.6 12.9 0.50 PBL HIV-1 d1 24.4 11.3 0.75 PBL
mock d3 26.3 11.9 0.31 PBL HIV-1 d3 25.7 11.7 0.40 PBL mock d5 28.1
12.6 0.14 PBL HIV-1 d5 27.3 12.1 0.17 M/M mock d7 29.0 12.4 0.06
M/M MOI 0.1 d7 29.3 12.1 0.04 M/M mock d15 29.2 12.2 0.05 M/M MOI
0.1 d15 30.2 14.1 0.10 M/M mock d26 31.1 14.7 0.08 M/M MOI 0.1 d26
30.6 12.4 0.02 Chronic-TRD-Pre 29.1 11.9 0.04 Chronic-TRD-Post 28.4
11.5 0.06 Chronic-MGB-Pre 29.0 12.1 0.05 Chronic-MGB-Post 28.9 11.6
0.04 Acute-EJT-Pre 28.3 11.7 0.07 Acute-EJT-Post 29.3 11.7 0.03
Acute-KEK-Pre 30.4 11.8 0.02 Acute-KEK-Post 28.9 11.4 0.03
Acute-RKY-Pre 31.2 12.1 0.01 Acute-RKY-Post 32.5 12.0 0.00 d2
uninfect. 29.4 13.7 0.13 d2 SIV239 29.6 12.9 0.06 d2 SIV316 28.0
12.1 0.10 d3 uninfect. 26.9 11.8 0.18 d3 SIV239 28.5 12.8 0.13 d3
SIV316 28.7 13.5 0.17 II AB 28.2 14.0 0.36 II M-CSF 30.2 14.7 0.14
IV AB 28.4 12.3 0.09 IV M-CSF 29.8 14.3 0.14
[0151] As seen by these results, 26199, 33530, 33949, or 50226
molecules have been found to be underexpressed or overexpressed in
tumor cells, where the molecules may be inappropriately propagating
either cell proliferation or cell survival signals. As such,
activators or inhibitors of the 26199, 33530, 33949, or 50226
molecules are useful for the treatment of cancer, preferably
ovarian, breast, colon, lung, liver or brain cancer, and useful as
a diagnostic.
In Situ Hybridization of 26199 and 33949
[0152] Specific in situ localization of gene 26199 was observed in
3/3 breast tumors and 1/1 ovarian tumor. No normal tissues for
breast or ovary showed staining. 3/11 angiogenic tissues were also
stained for 26199, including a Wilm's tumor and a neuroblastoma.
Labeling was confined to epithelial cells with no evidence of
expression by stromal blood vessels.
[0153] For 33949, 1/2 normal breast tissues, 4/5 breast tumors, 0/3
normal colon tissues, 3/4 primary colon tumors, 1/2 colon
metastasis, 0/2 normal lung tissues, 2/4 lung tumors, 0/1 normal
ovary tissue and 2/2 ovary tumors showed positive staining.
Human 62113
[0154] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
a novel acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member, referred to herein as
"62113".
[0155] The human 62113 sequence (SEQ ID NO:53), which is
approximately 3030 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
2340 nucleotides, not including the termination codon (nucleotides
238-2577 of SEQ ID NO:53, 1-2340 of SEQ ID NO:55). The coding
sequence encodes a 780 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:54).
[0156] Human 62113 contains the following regions or other
structural features (for general information regarding PFAM
identifiers, PS prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers,
refer to Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420): an acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase N-terminal domain (PFAM Accession Number PF02771)
located at about amino acid residues 483 to 503 of SEQ ID NO:54; an
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domains (PFAM Accession Number
PF02770) located at about amino acid residues 505 to 585 of SEQ ID
NO:54; an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal domain (PFAM Accession
Number PF00441) located at about amino acid residues 618 to 741 of
SEQ ID NO:54; an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 1-like sequence
(Prosite PS00072) located at about amino acid residues 505 to 518
of SEQ ID NO:54; an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 2-like
sequence (Prosite PS00073) located at about amino acid residues 622
to 642 of SEQ ID NO:54; three N-glycosylation sites (Prosite
PS00001) located at about amino acids 331 to 334, 499 to 502, and
558 to 561 of SEQ ID NO:54; two glycosaminoglycan attachment sites
(Prosite PS00002) located at about amino acids 34 to 37, and 540 to
543 of SEQ ID NO:54; one cAMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase
phosphorylation site (Prosite PS00004) located at about amino acids
774 to 777 of SEQ ID NO:54; six protein kinase C phosphorylation
sites (Prosite PS00005) located at about amino acids 355 to 357,
376 to 378, 456 to 458, 655 to 657, 688 to 690, and 777 to 779 of
SEQ ID NO:54; seven casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (Prosite
PS00006) located at about amino acids 138 to 141, 275 to 278, 284
to 287, 333 to 336, 445 to 448, 507 to 510, and 517 to 520 of SEQ
ID NO:54; nine N-myristoylation sites (Prosite PS00008) located at
about amino acids 136 to 141, 170 to 175, 318 to 323, 330 to 335,
351 to 356,498 to 503, 543 to 548, 699 to 704, 731 to 736 of SEQ ID
NO:54; one amidation site (Prosite PS00009) located at about amino
acids 533 to 536 of SEQ ID NO:54; one ATP/GTP-binding site motif A
(P-loop; Prosite PS00017) located at about amino acids 47 to 54 of
SEQ ID NO:54; one tyrosine protein kinase specific active-site
signature sequence (Prosite PS00109) located at about amino acids
218 to 230 of SEQ ID NO:54; one microbodies C-terminal targeting
signal sequence (Prosite PS00342) located at about amino acids 778
to 781 of SEQ ID NO:54; and two eukaryotic thiol (cysteine)
proteases histidien active site signature sequence (Prosite PS
00639) located at about amino acids 633 to 643 and 691 to 701 of
SEQ ID NO:54.
[0157] A hydropathy plot of human 62113 was peformed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence; and a
sequence which includes a cysteine residue or a glycosylation
site.
[0158] The 62113 protein contains a significant number of
structural characteristics in common with members of the acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase family. The acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family comprises a
number of related enzymes that share high structural homology and a
common catalytic mechanism which involves abstraction of an
I-proton from the substrate (Thorpe and Kim (1995) FASEB J 9:
718-25). For example, acyl-CoA dehydrogenases catalyze the
conversion of a fatty acyl thioester substrate to the corresponding
I,.sigma.-enoyl-CoA product. Thus, this family includes enzymes
critical for the proper function of many physiological systems,
including fatty acid oxidation, amino acid metabolism, and cellular
proliferation and differentiation.
[0159] A 62113 polypeptide can include an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
domain" or regions homologous with an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
domain."
[0160] As used herein, the term "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain"
includes an amino acid sequence of about 50 to 500 amino acid
residues in length, more preferably about 100 to 400 amino acid
residues, or about 200 to 300 amino acids and has a bit score for
the alignment of the sequence to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain
(HMM) of at least 4.9 or greater. The acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain
includes an amino acid sequence which has an all-alpha, four
helical up- and-down bundle conformation at the C-terminal portion
of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain, e.g., an acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase C-terminal domain (Pfam Accession Number PF00441).
The acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain also includes an amino acid
sequence which has a beta-barrel fold conformation and is found in
the central domain of an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, e.g., an acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase middle domain (Pfam Accession Number PF02770).
Preferably, the acyl-CoA middle domain includes an amino acid
residue capable of providing a catalytic function to the active
site, for example, an aspartate (D), at about amino acid 515 of SEQ
ID NO:54. The acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain also includes an amino
acid sequence which has an all-alpha conformation and is found at
the N-terminal portion of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain, e.g.,
an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal domain (Pfam Accession Number
PF02771).
[0161] An alignment of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal domain
(amino acids 483 to 503 of SEQ ID NO:54) of human 62113 with a
consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden Markov model
derived from Pfam (Pfam Accession Number PF02771; SEQ ID NO:56) has
a bit score of 5.5 and E-value of 3.7.
[0162] An alignment of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain
(amino acids 505 to 585 of SEQ ID NO:54) of human 62113 with a
consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden Markov model
derived from Pfam (Pfam Accession Number PF02770; SEQ ID NO:57) has
a bit score of 25.6 and E-value of 6.6e-06.
[0163] An alignment of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal domain
(amino acids 618 to 741 of SEQ ID NO:54) of human 62113 with a
consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden Markov model
derived from Pfam (Pfam Accession Number PF00441; SEQ ID NO:58) has
a bit score of 24.6 and E-value of 1.5e-05.
[0164] A 62113 polypeptide can include a "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
domain", e.g., an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal domain, an
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain, or an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
C-terminal domain, or regions homologous thereto.
[0165] As used herein, the term "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal
domain" includes an amino acid sequence of about 5 to 50 amino acid
residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain (HMM; Pfam Accession
Number PF02771) of at least 5 and E-value of less than 4.
Preferably, an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal domain includes at
least about 5 to 50 amino acids, more preferably about 10 to 40
amino acid residues, or about 15 to 25 amino acids and has a bit
score for the alignment of the sequence to the acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase N-terminal domain (HMM) of at least 3, preferably 4,
more preferably 5, or greater and E-value of 6, preferably 5, more
preferably 4 or less.
[0166] In a preferred embodiment, a 62113 polypeptide or protein
has a "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal domain" or a region which
includes at least about 5 to 50, more preferably about 10 to 40, or
15 to 25 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%, 70%, 80%,
90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
N-terminal domain," e.g., the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal
domain of human 62113 (e.g., residues 483 to 503 of SEQ ID
NO:54).
[0167] As used herein, the term "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle
domain" includes an amino acid sequence of about 50 to 200 amino
acid residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of
the sequence to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain (HMM; Pfam
Accession Number PF00441) of at least 20 and E-value of less than
1e-05. Preferably, an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain includes
at least about 20 to 120 amino acids, more preferably about 50 to
100 amino acid residues, or about 75 to 90 amino acids and has a
bit score for the alignment of the sequence to the acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase middle domain (HMM) of at least 10, preferably 15,
more preferably 20, or greater, and E-value of 1e-05, preferably
5e-05, more preferably 1e-06, or less.
[0168] The acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain can include an
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 1 sequence pattern, or sequence
patterns homologous thereto. A consensus sequence for this pattern
is as follows: [GAC]-[LIVM]-[ST]-E-x(2)-[GSAN]-G-[ST]-D-x(2)-[GSA]
(Prosite Accession No. PS00072; SEQ ID NO:59). The aspartate
residue in the tenth position of the consensus sequence is a
conserved residue in the active site of the enzyme and is important
for its catalytic activity.
[0169] In the above conserved signature sequence, and other motifs
or signature sequences described herein, the standard IUPAC
one-letter code for the amino acids is used. Each element in the
pattern is separated by a dash (-); square brackets ([ ]) indicate
the particular residues that are accepted at that position; x
indicates that any residue is accepted at that position; and
numbers in parentheses (( )) indicate the number of residues
represented by the accompanying amino acid.
[0170] A sequence pattern homologous to an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
signature 1 sequence pattern includes an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
signature 1-like sequence pattern which differs from the consensus
sequence of Prosite Accession No. PS00072 by less than six,
preferably less than five, more preferably less than four elements
in the sequence. An acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 1-like
sequence is located within the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain
of human 62113 polypeptide, corresponding to amino acid residues at
about 505 to 518 of SEQ ID NO:54. This acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
signature 1-like sequence differs from an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
signature 1 sequence (e.g., Prosite Accession Number PS00072) in
the fifth element, which consists of three amino acids, in the
eighth element, which is a serine residue instead of glycine, and
in the thirteenth element, which is an asparagine residue instead
of glycine, serine, or alanine. The aspartate residue in the tenth
position is a conserved residue and corresponds to the aspartate
residue at about position 515 in SEQ ID NO:54.
[0171] In a preferred embodiment, a 62113 polypeptide or protein
has an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain" or a region which
includes at least about 50 to 200, more preferably about 100 to
150, or about 115 to 135 amino acid residues and has at least about
60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with an "acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase middle domain," e.g., the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
middle domain of human 62113 (e.g., residues 505 to 585 of SEQ ID
NO:54).
[0172] In another preferred embodiment, a 62113 polypeptide or
protein has an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain which includes
an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 1-like sequence pattern which
differs from the consensus sequence (e.g., Prosite Accession No.
PS00072) by less than six, preferably less than five, more
preferably less than four elements in the sequence and has at least
about 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with an
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 1-like sequence pattern, e.g., the
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 1-like sequence pattern of human
62113 (e.g., residues 505 to 518 of SEQ ID NO:54)
[0173] As used herein, the term "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal
domain" includes an amino acid sequence of about 50 to 200 amino
acid residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of
the sequence to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain (HMM) of at least
20 and E-value of less than 1e-04. Preferably, an acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase C-terminal domain includes at least about 50 to 200
amino acids, more preferably about 80 to 150 amino acid residues,
or about 110 to 140 amino acid residues and has a bit score for the
alignment of the sequence to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase domain
(HMM) of at least 5, preferably 10, more preferably 15, or greater,
and E-value of 1e-04, preferably 5e-04, more preferably 1e-05, or
less.
[0174] The acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal domain can include an
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 2 sequence pattern, or sequence
patterns homologus thereto. A consensus sequence for this pattern
is as follows:
[QDE]-x(2)-G-[GS]-x-G-[LIVMFY]-x(2)-[DEN]-x(4)-[KR]-x(3)-[DEN]
(Prosite Accession No. PS00073; SEQ ID NO:60).
[0175] A sequence pattern homologous to an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
signature 2 sequence pattern includes an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
signature 2-like sequence pattern which differs from the consensus
sequence of Prosite Accession No. PS00073 by less than six,
preferably less than five, more preferably less than four elements
in the sequence. An acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 2-like
sequence is located within the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal
domain of human 62113 polypeptide, corresponding to amino acid
residues at about 618 to 741 of SEQ ID NO:54. This acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase signature 2-like sequence differs from an acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase signature 2 sequence (e.g., Prosite Accession Number
PS00073) in the second element, which consists of three amino
acids, in the fifth element, which is an arginine residue instead
of glycine or serine, in the eighth element, which is a proline
residue instead of leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine,
phenylalanine, or tyrosine, and in the eleventh element, which is
an isoleucine residue instead of aspartate, glutamate, or
asparagine.
[0176] In a preferred embodiment, a 62113 polypeptide or protein
has an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal domain" or a region which
includes at least about 50 to 200, more preferably about 80 to 150,
or about 110 to 140 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%,
70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with an "acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase C-terminal domain," e.g., the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
C-terminal domain of human 62113 (e.g., residues 618 to 741 of SEQ
ID NO:54).
[0177] In another preferred embodiment, a 62113 polypeptide or
protein has an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal domain which
includes an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 2-like sequence
pattern which differs from the consensus sequence (e.g., Prosite
Accession No. PS00073) by less than seven, preferably less than
six, more preferably less than five elements in the sequence and
has at least about 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% homology
with an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 2-like sequence pattern,
e.g., the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 1-like sequence pattern
of human 62113 (e.g., residues 618 to 741 of SEQ ID NO:54).
[0178] To identify the presence of an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
N-terminal domain", an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain", or
an "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal domain" in a 62113 protein
sequence, and make the determination that a polypeptide or protein
of interest has a particular profile, the amino acid sequence of
the protein can be searched against the Pfam database of HMMs
(e.g., the Pfam database, version 6.6) using the default
parameters. For example, the hmmsf program, which is available as
part of the HMMER package of search programs, is a family specific
default program for MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is the default
threshold score for determining a hit. Alternatively, the threshold
score for determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to 8 bits). A
description of the Pfam database can be found in Sonhammer et al.
(1997) Proteins 28:405-420 and a detailed description of HMMs can
be found, for example, in Gribskov et al. (1990) Meth. Enzymol.
183:146-159; Gribskov et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531; and
Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci. 2:305-314, the contents of which
are incorporated herein by reference. A search was performed
against the HMM database resulting in the identification of the
"acyl-CoA dehydrogenase N-terminal domain" described above in the
amino acid sequence of human 62113 at about residues 483 to 503 of
SEQ ID NO:54, the "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain" described
above in the amino acid sequence of human 62113 at about residues
505 to 585 of SEQ ID NO:54; and the "acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
C-terminal domain" described above in the amino acid sequence of
human 62113 at about residues 618 to 741 of SEQ ID NO:54.
[0179] A 62113 family member can include at least one acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase N-terminal domain; at least one acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase middle domain; and at least one acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase C-terminal domain. A 62113 family member can include
an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase middle domain with an acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase signature 1-like sequence. A 62113 family member can
also include an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C-terminal domain with an
acyl-CoA dehydrogenase signature 2-like sequence. Furthermore, a
62113 family member can include at least one, two, preferably three
N-glycosylation site (Prosite PS00001); at least one, preferably
two glycosaminoglycan attachment sites (Prosite PS00002); at least
one cAMP/cGMP protein kinase phosphorylation sites (Prosite
PS00004); at least one, two, three, four, five, preferably six
protein kinase C phosphorylation sites (Prosite PS00005); at least
one, two, three, four, five, six, preferably seven [as appropriate]
casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (Prosite PS00006); at least
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, preferably nine
N-myristoylation sites (Prosite PS00008); at least one amidation
site (Prosite PS00009); at least one ATP/GTP binding site motif A
(P-loop; Prosite PS00017); at least one tyrosine protein kinase
specific active site signature sequence (Prosite PS00109); at least
one microbodies C-terminal targeting signal (Prosite PS00342); and
at least one, preferably two eukaryotic thiol (cysteine) protease
histidine active site (Prosite PS00639).
[0180] Based on the above-described sequence similarities, the
62113 molecules of the present invention are predicted to have
similar biological activities as acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family
members. For example, the 62113 protein is predicted to have one or
more of the following activities: (1) the ability to catalyze the
transfer of hydrogen and electrons from one compound to another;
(2) the ability to catalyze the I,.sigma.-dehydrogenation of fatty
acyl-CoA derivatives; (3) the ability to catalyze the
dehydrogenation of branched short-chain acyl-CoAs in the metabolism
of the branched-chain amino acids; (4) the ability to modulate the
oxidation of fatty acids; (5) the ability to modulate the
metabolism of amino acids; (6) the ability to modulate a
cardiovascular activity; (7) the ability to modulate a renal
activity; or (8) the ability to modulate a hepatic activity. As a
result, the 62113 protein may have a critical function in one or
more of the following physiological processes: (1) fatty acid
metabolism; (2) amino acid metabolism; (3) modulation (stimulation
or inhibition) of cell proliferation and differentiation; (4)
modulation of tumorigenesis and tumor invasion; (5) cardiovascular
activity; (6) renal activity; or (7) hepatic activity.
[0181] As the 62113 polypeptides of the invention can modulate
62113-mediated activities, they can be useful for developing novel
diagnostic and therapeutic agents for acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase-associated or other 62113-associated disorders, as
described below.
[0182] As used herein, a "62113 activity", "biological activity of
62113" or "functional activity of 62113", refers to an activity
exerted by a 62113 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule on
e.g., a 62113-responsive cell or on a 62113 substrate, e.g., a
protein substrate, as determined in vivo or in vitro. In one
embodiment, a 62113 activity is a direct activity, such as an
association with a 62113 target molecule. A "target molecule" or
"binding partner" is a molecule with which a 62113 protein binds or
interacts in nature. In an exemplary embodiment, 62113 is an enzyme
that metabolizes fatty acyl-CoA substrates.
[0183] A 62113 activity can also be an indirect activity, e.g., a
cellular signaling activity mediated by interaction of the 62113
protein with a 62113 receptor.
[0184] The 62113 molecules of the invention can modulate the
activities of cells in tissues where they are expressed. For
example, 62113 mRNA is expressed in tumors and metastases of the
lung, colon, prostate, breast, and ovaries; heart, kidney, liver,
and prostate. Accordingly, the 62113 molecules of the invention can
act as therapeutic or diagnostic agents for tumors and metastases
of the lung, colon, prostate, breast, and ovaries; and
cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, and prostate disorders.
[0185] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders include cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma, metastatic
disorders or hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g., leukemias. A
metastatic tumor can arise from a multitude of primary tumor types,
including but not limited to those of prostate, colon, lung,
breast, ovarian, and liver origin.
[0186] The 62113 molecules of the invention can be used to monitor,
treat and/or diagnose a variety of proliferative disorders. Such
disorders include hematopoietic neoplastic disorders.
Gene Expression Analysis of 62113
[0187] Human 62113 expression was measured by TaqMan.RTM.
quantitative PCR (Perkin Elmer Applied Biosystems) in cDNA prepared
from a variety of normal and diseased (e.g., cancerous) human
tissues or cell lines.
[0188] The results indicate significant 62113 expression in normal
liver and in liver fibrosis samples; normal breast and breast
tumor; normal ovary and ovarian tumor; normal prostate and prostate
tumor; upregulated expression in lung tumor (e.g., adenocarcinoma)
when compared to normal lung; upregulated expression in colon tumor
(e.g., adenocarcinoma) when compared to normal colon; upregulated
expression in diseased heart when compared to normal heart; and
upregulated expression in diseased kidney (including hypertensive
kidney) when compared to normal kidney.
[0189] Additional TaqMan panels showed the following patterns of
62113 expression: high levels of 62113 expression in HUVEC (human
umbilical vein endothelial cells), normal adrenal gland, normal
brain cortex and brain hypothalamus, dorsal root ganglia, and
diseased aoartic tissue; and moderate levels of 62113 expression in
pancreas, normal spinal cord and hemangiomas.
Human 32144
[0190] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
a novel fatty acid amide hydrolase family member, referred to
herein as "32144".
[0191] The human 32144 sequence (SEQ ID NO:61), which is
approximately 2004 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
1596 nucleotides, (nucleotides 119-1714 of SEQ ID NO:61; 1-1596 of
SEQ ID NO:63) not including the termination codon. The coding
sequence encodes a 532 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:62).
[0192] Portions of the fatty acid amide hydrolase domain of human
32144 align with consensus amino acid sequences derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM. The two distinct and
non-overlapping consensus amino acid sequences correspond to
portions of the PFAM amidase domain, PF01425. The scores for the
two individual alignments were: 219.6 (E-value=4.8e-62) and 38.4
(E-value=6.6e-10), and the combined score for the two alignments
was: 258.0 (E-value=1.3e-73). In the first alignment, the consensus
amino acid sequence (residues 1-218 of the domain or SEQ ID NO:64)
of an N-terminal portion of the amidase domain aligns with amino
acids 69 to 289 of SEQ ID NO:62. In the second alignment, the
consensus amino acid sequence (residues 395-521 of the domain or
SEQ ID NO:65) of a C-terminal portion of the amidase domain aligns
with amino acids 419 to 513 of SEQ ID NO:62.
[0193] Human 32144 contains the following regions or other
structural features: an amidase domain (PFAM Accession Number
PF01425) located at about amino acid residues 69 to 289 and 419 to
513 of SEQ ID NO:62; an amidase signature motif (PS00571) located
at about amino acid residues 204 to 235 of SEQ ID NO:62; a
transmembrane domain located at about amino acid residues 11 to 33
of SEQ ID NO:62; eight predicted Protein Kinase C phosphorylation
sites (PS00005) located at about amino acid residues 6 to 8, and 40
to 42, 129 to 131, 186 to 188, 230 to 232, 329 to 331, 365 to 367,
and 434 to 436 of SEQ ID NO:62; three predicted Casein Kinase II
phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about amino acid
residues 129 to 132, 207 to 210, and 320 to 323 of SEQ ID NO:62;
eleven predicted N-myristoylation sites (PS00008) located at about
amino acid residues 53 to 58, 125 to 130, 138 to 143, 172 to 177,
204 to 209, 211 to 216, 224 to 229, 248 to 253, 475 to 480, 481 to
486, and 495 to 500 of SEQ ID NO:62; two predicted N-glycosylation
sites (PS00001) at about amino acids 141 to 144 and 175 to 178 of
SEQ ID NO:62; and one predicted microbodies C-terminal targeting
signal (PS00342) at about amino acid 530 to 532 of SEQ ID
NO:62.
[0194] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0195] A hydropathy plot of human 32144 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 157
to 182, from about 388 to 414, and from about 471 to 491 of SEQ ID
NO:62; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence of
from about amino acid 104 to 120, from about 183 to 201, and from
about 415 to 438 of SEQ ID NO:62.
[0196] The 32144 protein contains a significant number of
structural characteristics in common with members of the amidase
family. An amidase family of proteins, also referred to as fatty
acid amidase hydrolases (FAAH), is characterized by the ability to
hydrolyze fatty acid amides, e.g., neuromodulatory fatty acid
amides, such as oleamide, anandamide and myristic amide.
Representative amidases include fatty acid amide hydrolases (FAAH)
from human and mouse (Giang, D. K. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. 94: 2238-2242). Typically, amidases possess substrate
specificity based on chain length and degree of saturation of fatty
acid amides. Fatty acid amides, e.g., oleamide and ananadmide, are
known to have sleep-inducing and analgesic properties, as well as
the ability to regulate cellular proliferation. This family of
proteins typically contains a highly conserved region rich in
glycine, serine and alanine residues. Fatty acid amide hydrolases
have been described in Ueda et al. (2000), supra, the contents of
which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0197] A 32144 polypeptide can include at least one "amidase
domain" or "fatty acid amid hydrolase domain", which contains one
and preferably two "amidase subdomains" or regions homologous with
an "amidase domain".
[0198] As used herein, the term "amidase subdomain" or "first
amidase subdomain" includes an amino acid sequence of about 100 to
500 amino acid residues in length and having a bit score for the
alignment of the sequence to the amidase domain (HMM) of at least
100. Preferably, an amidase domain includes at least about 150 to
450 amino acids, more preferably about 200 to 300 amino acid
residues, or about 220 amino acids and has a bit score for the
alignment of the sequence to the amidase domain (HMM) of at least
150, preferably 200 or greater. The amidase domain (HMM) has been
assigned the PFAM Accession Number PF01425. The first amidase
domain (amino acids 69 to 289 of SEQ ID NO:62) of human 32144
aligns with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden
Markov model.
[0199] The term "amidase subdomain" or "second amidase subdomain"
includes an amino acid sequence of about 40 to 300 in length and
having a bit score for the alignment of the sequence to the amidase
domain (HMM) of at least 10. Preferably, an amidase domain includes
at least about 60 to 200 amino acids, more preferably about 80 to
100 amino acid residues, or about 94 amino acids and has a bit
score for the alignment of the sequence to the amidase domain (HMM)
of at least 20, preferably 30 or greater. The amidase domain (HMM)
has been assigned the PFAM Accession Number PF01425. The second
amidase subdomain (amino acid residues 419 to 513 of SEQ ID NO:62)
of human 32144 aligns with a consensus amino acid sequence derived
from a hidden Markov model.
[0200] In a preferred embodiment, a 32144 polypeptide or protein
has at least one "amidase subdomain" or a region that includes at
least the size ranges described above and has at least about 60%,
70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with an "amidase domain,"
e.g., the amidase subdomain of human 32144 (e.g., residues 69 to
289 or 419 to 513 of SEQ ID NO:62).
[0201] To identify the presence of an "amidase" or "fatty acid
amide hydrolase" domain in a 32144 protein sequence, and make the
determination that a polypeptide or protein of interest has a
particular profile, the amino acid sequence of the protein can be
searched against the PFAM database of HMMs (e.g., the Pfam
database, release 2.1) using the default parameters. For example,
the hmmsf program, which is available as part of the HMMER package
of search programs, is a family specific default program for
MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is the default threshold score for
determining a hit. Alternatively, the threshold score for
determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to 8 bits). A description
of the PFAM database can be found in Sonhammer et al. (1997)
Proteins 28(3):405-420 and a detailed description of HMMs can be
found, for example, in Gribskov et al. (1990) Meth. Enzymol.
183:146-159; Gribskov et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531; and
Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci. 2:305-314, the contents of which
are incorporated herein by reference. A search was performed
against the HMM database resulting in the identification of a
"amidase" domain in the amino acid sequence of human 32144, which
includes two amidase subdomains located at about amino acid
residues 69 to 289 and 419 to 513 of SEQ ID NO:62.
[0202] In one embodiment, a 32144 protein includes at least one
amidase signature motif. As used herein, an "amidase signature
motif" includes a sequence of at least nineteen amino acid residues
defined by the sequence:
G-[G/A]-S-[G/S]-[GIS]-G-X-[G/S/A]-[G/S/A/V/Y]-X-[G/A]-X-[D/E]-X-
-[G/A]-X-S-[L/I/V/M]-R-X-P-[G/S/A/C] (SEQ ID NO:66). An amidase
signature motif, as defined, can be involved in the enzymatic
hydrolysis of a fatty acid amide. More preferably, an amidase
signature motif includes 25, 29, or even more preferably 32 amino
acid residues. Amidase signature motifs have been described in,
e.g., Mayaux et al. (1990), J Bacteriology 172:6764-73, the
contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Human 32144
contains a sequence (about amino acid residues 204-235 of SEQ ID
NO:62) which matches the sequence of an amide signature motif at
18/19 of the conserved positions. The single discrepancy occurs at
position 9 ([G/S/A/V/Y]) of the amidase signature sequence, where
there is a conservative cystein substitution (located at about
amino acid residue 212 of SEQ ID NO:62) observed in human
32144.
[0203] In a preferred embodiment, a 32144 polypeptide or protein
has at least one amidase signature motif, or a region which
includes at least 19, 25, 29, or even 32 amino acid residues and
has at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% homology with an "amidase
signature motif" or the variant amidase signature motif observed in
human 32225, e.g., about amino acid residues 204 to 235 of SEQ ID
NO:62.
[0204] A 32144 molecule can further include a transmembrane region.
As used herein, the term "transmembrane domain" includes an amino
acid sequence of at least about 14 amino acid residues in length
that spans a phospholipid membrane. More preferably, a
transmembrane domain includes at least about 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, or
24 amino acid residues and spans a phospholipid membrane.
Transmembrane domains are rich in hydrophobic residues, and
typically have an I-helical structure. In a preferred embodiment,
at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or more of the amino acids of
a transmembrane domain are hydrophobic, e.g., leucines, valines,
alanines, phenylalanines, methionines, isoleucines, tyrosines, or
tryptophans. Transmembrane domains are described in, for example,
Zagotta W. N. et al., (1996) Annual Rev. Neuronsci. 19:235-63.
[0205] In a preferred embodiment, a 32144 polypeptide or protein
has at least one transmembrane domain or a region which includes at
least 18, 19, or 20 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%,
70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a "transmembrane
domain," e.g., at least one transmembrane domain of human 32144
(e.g., from about amino acid residues 11 to 33 of SEQ ID NO:62). In
one embodiment, the transmembrane domain of a 32144 molecule is
able to interact with transmembrane domains of other molecules,
e.g. other 32144 molecules, such that the 32144 forms an oligomer,
e.g., a homooligomer. The self-association of fatty acid amide
hydrolases via N-terminal transmembrane domains has been described
in Ueda et al. (2000), supra.
[0206] A 32144 family member can include at least one, and
preferably two amidase subdomains. Furthermore, a 32144 family
member can include at least one amidase signature motif; at least
one transmembrane domain; at least one, two, three, four, five,
six, seven, and preferably eight predicted protein kinase C
phosphorylation sites (PS00005); at least one, two, and preferably
three predicted casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006);
at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten,
and preferably eleven predicted N-myristylation sites (PS00008); at
least one, and preferably two predicted N-glycosylation sites
(PS00001); and at least one predicted Microbodies C-terminal
targeting signal (PS00342).
[0207] As the 32144 polypeptides of the invention may modulate
32144-mediated activities, they may be useful as of for developing
novel diagnostic and therapeutic agents for 32144-mediated or
related disorders, as described below.
[0208] As used herein, a "32144 activity", "biological activity of
32144" or "functional activity of 32144", refers to an activity
exerted by a 32144 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule.
For example, a 32144 activity can be an activity exerted by 32144
in a physiological milieu on, e.g., a 32144-responsive cell or on a
32144 substrate, e.g., a protein substrate. A 32144 activity can be
determined in vivo or in vitro. In one embodiment, a 32144 activity
is a direct activity, such as an association with a 32144 target
molecule. A "target molecule" or "binding partner" is a molecule
with which a 32144 protein binds or interacts in nature. In an
exemplary embodiment, 32144 is an enzyme that hydrolyses fatty acid
amides, e.g., anandamide or ethanolamides of oleic (e.g.,
oleamide), linoleic, or palmitic acids.
[0209] A 32144 activity can also be an indirect activity, e.g., a
cellular signaling activity mediated by interaction of the 32144
protein with a 32144 receptor. The features of the 32144 molecules
of the present invention can provide similar biological activities
as fatty acid amide hydrolase family members. For example, the
32144 proteins of the present invention can have one or more of the
following activities: (1) bind and catabolize fatty acid amides;
(2) regulate neuronal signaling; (3) regulate ion channel function,
e.g., 5-HT.sub.3 ion channel function; (4) regulate cannabinoid
receptor signaling; (5) regulate seratonin signaling, e.g.,
5-HT.sub.2 response to seratonin; (6) regulate gap junction
activity; (7) regulate pain reception; (8) regulate development;
(9) regulate cellular proliferation and/or migration; (10) regulate
focal adhesion kinase activity; or (11) regulate the induction of
sleep.
[0210] Thus, the 32144 molecules can act as novel diagnostic
targets and therapeutic agents for controlling cellular
proliferation and/or differentiation disorders, disorders of the
brain, CNS, or peripheral nervous system, metabolic and pain
disorders, or sleep disorders, e.g., narcolepsy.
[0211] Examples of cellular proliferation and/or differentiation
disorders include cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma, metastatic
disorders or hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g., leukemias. A
metastatic tumor can arise from a multitude of primary tumor types,
including but not limited to those of prostate, colon, lung, breast
and liver origin.
Tissue Distribution of 32144 mRNA
[0212] Endogenous human 32144 gene expression was determined using
the Perkin-Elmer/ABI 7700 Sequence Detection System which employs
TaqMan technology. Tissues tested include the human tissues and
several cell lines shown in Tables 22-25. 32144 mRNA was detected
in a number of tissues, including the kidney, pancreas, brain, and
liver (Table 22). Importantly, 32144 expression was upregulated in
most of the lung, colon, breast, and ovarian tumors tested (Tables
22-24). 32144 mRNA was also detected in several tumor cell lines,
whether grown in vivo (Table 25) or in vitro (Table 26), and growth
of breast tumor cell lines on agar correlated with increased
expression of 32144 mRNA as compared to growth on plastic (Table
26).
[0213] The incidence of tumor-associated expression of 32144 mRNA
in lung, ovary, breast, and colon tissues was further evaluated by
in situ hybridization (Table 27). Notable tumor-associated
expression of 32144 is seen in all of the different tumor types
tested. This data, like the Taqman data, suggests a role for 32144
in tumor development. In addition, expression of 32144 mRNA in
invasive indolent breast carcinomas vs. metastatic breast
carcinomas was evaluated by hybridizing tumor cell RNA to
microarray chips that were capable of detecting 32144 nucleic acids
(Table 28). All of the tumors tested expressed 32144 mRNA, while
2/5 metastatic tumors and 0/3 invasive indolent tumors displayed a
relative increase in 32144 expression. This data, along with the
colon tumor in-situ hybridization data reveals a positive
correlation between 32144 expression and tumor metastasis, at least
for breast and colon tumors.
TABLE-US-00022 TABLE 22 Relative Tissue Type 32144 Mean .beta.2
Mean Expression Artery normal 34.72 22.38 0.19 Aorta diseased 33.33
23.00 0.78 Vein normal 35.26 20.66 0.00 Coronary SMC 35.06 21.18
0.00 HUVEC 31.24 21.50 1.17 Hemangioma 31.99 20.05 0.25 Heart
normal 33.42 20.90 0.17 Heart CHF 31.20 20.26 0.51 Kidney 27.57
20.53 7.60 Skeletal Muscle 40.00 28.39 0.00 Adipose normal 37.55
29.80 0.00 Pancreas 28.33 22.43 16.69 primary osteoblasts 35.35
21.07 0.00 Osteoclasts (diff) 34.77 17.92 0.01 Skin normal 31.45
22.34 1.81 Spinal cord normal 32.28 21.36 0.52 Brain Cortex normal
29.65 22.56 7.37 Brain Hypothalamusnormal 30.93 22.57 3.02 Nerve
34.01 22.24 0.29 DRG (Dorsal Root Ganglion) 33.84 22.35 0.35 Breast
normal 30.32 21.55 2.28 Breast tumor 28.50 20.88 5.05 Ovary normal
29.64 20.07 1.32 Ovary Tumor 29.09 20.02 1.85 Salivary glands 28.74
19.91 2.19 Colon normal 28.41 18.40 0.97 Colon Tumor 28.68 21.98
9.62 Lung normal 28.62 18.32 0.79 Lung tumor 25.91 20.45 22.72 Lung
COPD 28.17 18.70 1.41 Colon IBD 27.64 18.00 1.26 Liver normal 27.31
20.34 7.98 Liver fibrosis 27.41 20.89 10.82 Spleen normal 30.79
19.91 0.53 Tonsil normal 25.54 17.77 4.60 Lymph node normal 28.48
19.77 2.40 Small intestine normal 30.61 20.50 0.91 Macrophages
31.80 17.40 0.05 Synovium 31.52 19.78 0.29 BM-MNC 33.83 19.09 0.04
Activated PBMC 28.09 18.29 1.12 Neutrophils 36.31 19.26 0.00
Megakaryocytes 32.13 19.11 0.12 Erythroid 33.20 22.05 0.44 positive
control 28.92 20.59 3.12
[0214] As shown in the "Relative Expression" column of Table 22,
32144 mRNA is expressed in the pancreas, kidney, liver, cerebral
cortex, hypothalamus, tonsils, lymph nodes, breast, salivary gland,
skin, and ovary. Weak expression is observed in the heart and blood
vessels, dorsal root gaglia, colon, lung, spleen, small intestine,
and blood cells. In addition, 32144 expression is highly
upregulated in lung, colon, and breast tumors, and slightly
upregulated in ovarian tumors. Abbreviations used in Table 22: SMC,
smooth muscle cell; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells;
CHF, congestive heart failure; diff, differentiated; COPD, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease;
BM-MNC, bone marrow mononuclear cell; PBMC, pre-bone marrow
cell.
TABLE-US-00023 TABLE 23 32144.1 Relative Tissue Type Mean .beta.2
Mean Expression PIT400 Breast N 31.85 20.18 0.31 PIT 372 Breast N
32.09 20.92 0.43 PIT 271 Breast N 35.4 25.48 0.00 MDA 106 Breast T
31.93 21.11 0.55 MDA 234 Breast T 29.27 18.77 0.69 NDR 57 Breast T
30.98 19.75 0.41 MDA 304 Breast T 29.8 19.34 0.71 NDR 58 Breast T
26.43 17.88 2.66 NDR 132 Breast T 30.15 21.54 2.57 NDR 07 Breast T
30 19.65 0.76 NDR 12 Breast T 28.84 21.69 7.02 PIT 208 Ovary N
32.35 19.52 0.14 CHT 620 Ovary N 34.23 20.1 0.06 CHT 619 Ovary N
34.7 20.6 0.06 CLN 03 Ovary T 29.57 20.08 1.39 CLN 17 Ovary T 27.84
20.35 5.58 CLN 07 Ovary T 30.43 19.66 0.57 CLN 08 Ovary T 29.87
18.9 0.50 MDA 216 Ovary T 33.05 21.04 0.24 CLN 012 Ovary T 31.83
22.16 1.22 MDA 25 Ovary T 29.89 22.62 6.50 MDA 183 Lung N 30.52
18.43 0.23 CLN 930 Lung N 32.03 19.36 0.15 MDA 185 Lung N 34.11
19.88 0.05 CHT 816 Lung N 30.36 17.2 0.11 MPI 215 Lung T--SmC 31.25
18.91 0.19 MDA 259 Lung T-PDNSCCL 27.37 19.87 5.52 CHT 832 Lung
T-PDNSCCL 28.59 19.36 1.68 MDA 253 Lung T-PDNSCCL 29.66 19 0.62 CHT
911 Lung T-SCC 28.73 19.3 1.45 CHT 793 Lung T-ACA (?) 29.3 19.2
0.91 MDA 262 Lung T-SCC 31.18 23.35 4.38 CHT 211 Lung T-AC 28.01
19.86 3.53 NHBE 30.45 21.66 2.27 MDA 127 N Ovarian Epithelial Cells
34.08 16.97 0.01 MDA 224 N Ovarian Epithelial Cells 36.37 16.62
0.00 MDA 124 Ovarian Ascites 28.13 15.52 0.16 MDA 126 Ovarian
Ascites 26.59 17.4 1.71
[0215] As shown in the "Relative Expression" column of Table 23,
32144 mRNA expression is slightly upregulated in 4/8 of the breast
tumor samples tested, as compared to normal breast tissue, and
dramatically upregulated in 3/8 of the breast tumor samples.
Likewise, 7/7 ovary tumor samples displayed an increase in 32144
expression relative to normal ovary tissue, while 2/7 contained
dramatically upregulated levels of 32144 mRNA. Amongst lung tumor
samples tested, 8/9 displayed an increase in 32144 expression
relative to normal lung tissue, with 4/9 containing highly elevated
levels of 32144 mRNA. Abbreviations used in Table 23: N, normal
tissue; T, tumor; 5 mC, small cell carcinoma; PDNSCCL, poorly
differentiated non-small cell carcinoma; SCC, squamous cell
carcinoma; AC, adenocarcinoma; NHBE, lung cell line.
TABLE-US-00024 TABLE 24 Relative Tissue Type 32144.1 Mean .beta.2
Mean Expression CHT 523 Colon N 31.64 19 0.16 NDR 104 Colon N 28.39
19.09 1.59 CHT 416 Colon N 30.23 19.48 0.58 CHT 452 Colon N 32 18.7
0.10 NDR 210 Colon T 32.7 24.07 2.51 CHT 398 Colon T 27.32 19.91
5.84 CHT 382 Colon T 26.62 18.97 4.96 CHT 944 Colon T 28.61 18.84
1.15 CHT 528 Colon T 26.5 19.07 5.78 CHT 1365 Colon T 27.56 19.2
3.05 CHT 372 Colon T 30.31 20.27 0.95 CLN 609 Colon T 28.55 20.02
2.70 CHT 01 Liver Met 28.29 18.11 0.87 NDR 100 Liver Met 26.37
18.59 4.53 CHT 340 Liver Met 30.07 20.79 1.60 NDR 217 Liver Met
29.04 19.2 1.10 PIT 260 Liver N 27.5 17.77 1.17 CHT 320 Liver N
30.67 23.56 7.21 C48 HMVEC-Prol 36.87 20.74 0.00 ONC 102 Hemangioma
33.59 20.15 0.09
[0216] As shown in the "Relative Expression" column of Table 24,
6/8 of the tested colon tumors had an elevated level of 32144
expression as compared to normal colon tissue, with 3/8 displaying
a dramatic increase in 32144 mRNA expression. All liver metastases
tested expressed 32144 mRNA. Abbreviations used in Table 24: N,
normal tissue; T, tumor; Met, metastasis; HMVEC, human vascular
endothelial cells; prol, proliferating.
TABLE-US-00025 TABLE 25 32144.1 B-2 Relative Cell Line Mean Mean
Expression MCF-7 Breast T 25.21 18.88 12.43 ZR75 Breast T 26.34
20.29 15.09 T47D Breast T 25.98 18.00 3.96 MDA 231 Breast T 33.38
17.35 0.01 MDA 435 Breast T 30.20 15.89 0.05 SKBr3 Breast 28.63
18.99 1.25 DLD 1 ColonT (stageC) 24.36 19.44 33.03 SW620 ColonT
(stageC 25.12 18.26 8.58 HCT116 25.33 18.00 6.22 HT29 25.09 15.88
1.68 Colo 205 24.23 14.83 1.48 NCIH125 30.26 17.38 0.13 NCIH322
25.66 18.36 6.37 NCIH460 32.71 17.33 0.02 A549 32.39 18.62 0.07
NHBE 30.14 21.37 2.29 SKOV-3 ovary 28.29 17.24 0.47 OVCAR-3 ovary
26.55 20.31 13.23 293 baby kidney 27.04 20.28 9.23 293T baby kidney
32.24 21.60 0.63
[0217] Table 25 depicts the relative expression of 32144 mRNA in
cell lines that have been xenographed into mice and allowed to form
tumors. Several of the lines display high levels of 32144
expression when grown under such conditions. Most notable is one of
the Stage C colon tumor lines, a couple of the breast tumor lines,
one of the ovary carcinoma lines, and a baby kidney fibroblast
line. Many of the other cell lines also express 32144 mRNA when
xenographed into mice. Abbreviation used in Table 25: T, tumor;
HCT116, HT29, and Colo 205, colon carcinoma cell lines; NCIH125,
NCIH322, NCIH460, A549, and NHBE, lung carcinoma cell lines.
TABLE-US-00026 TABLE 26 32144.1 .beta.2 Relative Tissue Type Mean
Mean Expression MCF10MS 31.31 19.84 0.35 MCF10A 37.33 19.75 0.00
MCF10AT.cl1 39.96 19.48 0.00 MCF10AT.cl3 38.22 18.86 0.00 MCF10AT1
31.68 19.94 0.29 MCF10AT3B 39.88 19.47 0.00 MCF10CA1a.cl1 34.26
17.09 0.01 MCF10AT3B Agar 32.53 25.9 10.10 MCF10CA1a.cl1 Agar 33.95
24.5 1.43 MCF10A.m25 Plastic 37.11 24.54 0.00 MCF10CA Agar 33.07
21.5 0.33 MCF10CA Plastic 33.27 21.56 0.30 MCF3B Agar 29.58 21.84
4.68 MCF3B Plastic 30.32 21.58 2.35 MCF10A EGF 0 hr 32.59 17.23
0.02 MCF10A EGF 0.5 hr 32.2 17.45 0.04 MCF10A EGF 1 hr 32.63 17.6
0.03 MCF10A EGF 2 hr 32.83 17.63 0.03 MCF10A EGF 4 hr 33.52 17.63
0.02 MCF10A EGF 8 hr 33.31 17.52 0.02 MCF10A IGF1A 0 hr 31.05 21.58
1.41 MCF10A IGF1A 0.5 hr 31.36 21.75 1.27 MCF10A IGF1A 1 hr 30.93
21.84 1.84 MCF10A IGF1A 3 hr 30.78 21.88 2.09 MCF10A IGF1A 24 hr
29.32 21.84 5.62 MCF10AT3B.cl5 Plastic 35.42 21.82 0.00
MCF10AT3B.cl6 Plastic 35.7 21.85 0.00 MCF10AT3B.cl3 Plastic 36.19
21.63 0.00 MCF10AT3B.cl1 Plastic 35.02 21.72 0.00 MCF10AT3B.cl4
Plastic 35.09 21.47 0.00 MCF10AT3B.cl2 Plastic 36.45 21.84 0.00
MCF10AT3B.cl5 Agar 31.91 24.06 4.33 MCF10AT3B.cl6 Agar 32.32 24.05
3.23 MCF-7 30.1 23.27 8.76 ZR--75 28.29 21.59 9.65 T47D 29.61 21.64
3.97 MDA-231 36.9 20.45 0.00 MDA-435 36.16 20.55 0.00 SkBr3 30.81
20.93 1.06 Hs578Bst 36.78 19.85 0.00 Hs578T 38.49 19.66 0.00
[0218] Table 26 depicts the relative expression of 32144 mRNA in
breast carcinoma cell lines grown under various conditions. Growth
of the cell lines on agar correlates with an increase in 32144
expression, as shown by the MCF10AT3B, MCF3B, MCF10AT3B clone 5 and
MCT10AT3B clone 6 cell lines. MCF10A cells did not display a change
in 32144 expression in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF),
while they did respond to insulin growth factor 1A (IGF-1A) by
gradually increasing 32144 mRNA expression over the course of 24
hours.
TABLE-US-00027 TABLE 27 Spectrum Tissue Expression CHT 800 Lung -
PD-NSC +/- CHT 813 Lung - MD-SCC -/- CHT 726 Lung - MD-SCC +/- CHT
331 Lung - MD-AC -/- MPI 216 Lung - Normal -/- (LUNG: 0/1 normals;
2/4 tumors) MDA 28 Ovary - Malignant -/- MDA 300 Ovary - MD-AC +/-
MDA 202 Ovary - Normal -/- (OVARY: 0/1 normals; 1/2 tumors) NDR 7
Breast - IDC +/- NDR 12 Breast - IDC +++/+ NDR 57 Breast -
PD-Ductal AC +/- CLN 662 Breast - IDC/IDL +/- MDA 156 Breast - DCIS
++/+ CLN 156 Breast - PD-IDC +/+ MDA 91 Breast - AC +++/+ PIT 58
Breast - PD-AC (lung) -/- CHT 1841 Breast - Met AC (lymph) +/- PIT
116 Breast - Met AC (lung) +/- MDA 405 Breast - normal -/- (BREAST:
0/1 normals; 7/7 tumors; 2/3 metastasis) CLN 609 Colon - Invasive
-/- NDR 99 Colon - Invasive +/- NDR 100 Colon - AC (liver) +/+ CHT
1 Colon - Met AC ++/+ (Colon: 1/2 tumors; 2/2 metastasis)
[0219] Expression of 32144 mRNA was analyzed by in-situ
hybridization in both normal and tumor tissue samples. Expression
of 32144 mRNA was consistently observed in the tumors, suggesting a
role for 32144 in tumor development. Furthermore, in colon tumor
samples, expression of 32144 mRNA was more prevalent in metastatic
tumors, indicating a possible link between 32144 expression and
tumor metastasis in some tissues. Abbreviations used in Table 27
include: PD, poorly differentiated; MD, moderately differentiated;
NSCC, non-small cell carcinoma; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; AC,
adenocarcinoma; IDC, invasive ductal carcinoma; ILC, invasive
lobular carcinoma; Met, metastasis. Parenthesis indicates the
tissue in which the tumor was found, if other than the tissue of
origin.
TABLE-US-00028 TABLE 28 Spectrum Tissue Relative Expression MPM51
Breast - IIC 1.29 MPM66 Breast - IIC 2.25 MPM67 Breast - IIC 1.80
MPM81 Breast - MetC 2.50 MPM50 Breast - MetC 1.24 MPM68 Breast -
MetC 10.23 MPM70 Breast - MetC 10.22 MPM71 Breast - MetC 1.92
[0220] Expression array-based analysis of human 32144 mRNA
expression in invasive indolent breast carcinomas (IIC) and
metastatic breast carcinomas (MetC). 2/5 metastatic breast
carcinomas displayed an elevated level of 32144 expression, while
0/3 invasive indolent breast carcinomas displayed an elevation in
32144 expression, suggesting a correlation between elevated 32144
expression and tumor metastasis.
Human 32235
[0221] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
a novel aminotransferase family member, referred to herein as
"32235".
[0222] The human 32235 sequence (SEQ ID NO:67), which is
approximately 1816 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
1350 nucleotides, not including the termination codon (nucleotides
84-1433 of SEQ ID NO:67; 1-1350 of SEQ ID NO:69). The coding
sequence encodes a 450 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:68).
[0223] An alignment of the aminotransferase class III domain of
human 32235 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:70) aligns with amino acids 23 to 437 of SEQ ID
NO:68.
[0224] A BLAST alignment of a first region of the aminotransferase
class III domain of human 32235 with a consensus amino acid
sequence of a domain derived from the Propomain database
("AMINOTRANSFERASE CG8745 CG11241 PHOSPHATE PYRIDOXAL
AMINOTRANSFERASES PRECURSOR BETA-ALAAT BETA-ALANINE-PYRUVATE;" No.
PD082189; Propomain Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to
159 of the amino acid PD082189 consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:71)
aligns the first region of the human 32235 sequence (amino acid
residues 84 to 246 of SEQ ID NO:68).
[0225] A BLAST alignment of a second region of the aminotransferase
class III domain of human 32235 with a consensus amino acid
sequence of a domain derived from the Propomain database
("AMINOTRANSFERASE PYRIDOXAL
ADENOSYLMETHIONINE-8-AMINO-7-OXONONANOATE PHOSPHATE TRANSAMINASE
BIOSYNTHESIS ACID DAPA 78-DIAMINO-PELARGONIC;" No. PD000519;
Propomain Release 2001.1) shows amino acid residues 12 to 68 of the
amino acid PD000519 consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:72), while the
upper amino acid sequence corresponds to the second region of the
human 32235 sequence (amino acid residues 308 to 363 of SEQ ID
NO:68).
[0226] A CLUSTAL W alignment of human 32235 with human and mouse
beta-alanine pyruvate aminotransferase (Accession No. AR105920 in
GenBank, and BAB28878 in GenPept, respectively) shows nucleotides 1
to 1844 of BAB28878 (SEQ ID NO:73) and nucleotides 1 to 1786 of
AR105920 (SEQ ID NO:74) align with nucleotides 1 to 1816 of human
32235 (SEQ ID NO:69). CLUSTAL W (v 1.74; Thompson et al. (1994)
Nuc. Acids Res. 22:4673-80) uses dynamically varied gap penalties
for progressive sequence alignments.
[0227] A CLUSTAL W alignment of human 32235 with human ornithine
aminotransferase (Accession No. P04181 in Swissprot) and human
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (Accession No. P80404 in
Swissprot) shows amino acids 1 to 439 of P04181 (SEQ ID NO:75)
aligns with amino acids 1 to 450 of human 32235 and amino acids 1
to 500 of P80404 (SEQ ID NO:76).
[0228] Human 32235 contains the following regions or other
structural features (for general information regarding PFAM
identifiers, PS prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers,
refer to Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420): an
aminotransferase class III domain (PFAM Accession No. PF00202)
located at about amino acid residues 23 to 437 of SEQ ID NO:68; one
coiled coil structure (PSORT) located at about amino acids 416 to
446 of SEQ ID NO:68; one aminotransferase class III
pyridoxal-phosphate attachment site (ProSite PS00600) located at
about amino acids 203 to 206 of SEQ ID NO:68; three protein kinase
C phosphorylation sites (ProSite PS00005) located at about amino
acids 22 to 24, 173 to 175, and 445 to 447 of SEQ ID NO:68; six
casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (ProSite PS00006) located at
about amino acids 99 to 102, 112 to 115, 146 to 149, 199 to 202,
302 to 305, and 434 to 437 of SEQ ID NO:68; four N-myristoylation
sites (ProSite PS00008) located at about amino acids 113 to 118,
241 to 246, 312 to 317, and 364 to 369 of SEQ ID NO:68; and one
amidation site (ProSite PS00009) located at about amino acids 203
to 206 of SEQ ID NO:68.
[0229] A hydropathy plot of human 32235 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence; or a
sequence which includes a cysteine residue.
[0230] The 32235 protein contains a significant number of
structural characteristics in common with members of the
aminotransferase family. As used herein, the term
"aminotransferase" includes a protein or polypeptide which is
capable of transferring an amino group from an amino acid to an oxo
acid.
[0231] Members of the aminotransferase family of proteins are
generally cytoplasmic or mitochondrial and play a pivotal role in
the metabolism of amino acids. An alignment of the 32235 protein
with human beta-alanine pyruvate aminotransferase (Accession No. in
GenBank AR105920) demonstrates about 99% sequence identity between
the two sequences (as calculated by CLUSTAL W). An alignment of the
32235 protein with a mouse ortholog of human beta-alanine pyruvate
aminotransferase (Accession No. in GenPept BAB28878) demonstrates
about 87% sequence identity between the two sequences (as
calculated by CLUSTAL W).
[0232] A 32235 polypeptide can include an "aminotransferase class
III domain" or regions homologous with an "aminotransferase class
III domain". A 32235 polypeptide can further include a "coiled coil
structure" or regions homologous with a "coiled coil structure,"
and at least one aminotransferase class III pyridoxal-phosphate
attachment site.
[0233] As used herein, the term "aminotransferase class III domain"
includes an amino acid sequence of about 400 to 500 amino acid
residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the aminotransferase class III domain (HMM) of at least
150. Preferably an aminotransferase class III domain mediates the
transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to an oxo acid.
Preferably, an aminotransferase class III domain includes at least
about 400 to 500 amino acids, more preferably about 425 to 475
amino acid residues, or about 440 to 460 amino acids and has a bit
score for the alignment of the sequence to the aminotransferase
class III domain (HMM) of at least 150, more preferably at least
200, most preferably 250 or greater.
[0234] The aminotransferase class III domain can include a ProSite
aminotransferase class III pyridoxal-phosphate attachment site
(signature sequence ProSite PS00600), or sequences homologous
thereto. The ProSite aminotransferase class III pyridoxal-phosphate
attachment site has the following consensus sequence:
[LIVMFYWC](2)-x-D-E-[IVA]-x(2)-G-[LIVMFAGC]-x(0,1)-[RSACLI]-x-[GSAD]-x(12-
,16)-D-[LIVMFC]-[LIVMFYSTA]-x(2)-[GSA]-K-x(3)-[GSTADNV]-[GSAC] (SEQ
ID NO:77). In the above conserved signature sequence, and other
motifs or signature sequences described herein, the standard IUPAC
one-letter code for the amino acids is used. Each element in the
pattern is separated by a dash (-); square brackets ([ ]) indicate
the particular residues that are accepted at that position; x
indicates that any residue is accepted at that position; and
numbers in parentheses (O) indicate the number of residues
represented by the accompanying amino acid.
[0235] The aminotransferase class III domain preferably includes
the following highly conserved residues and regions: a nucleotide
binding region (amino acids 251 to 256 of SEQ ID NO:68); a glutamic
acid residue that may interact with the 3'-OH of
pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (E213 in SEQ ID NO:68); an aspartate residue
that may interact with the N1 nitrogen of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate
(D246 in SEQ ID NO:68); and a lysine residue that may form a Schiff
base with pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (K278 in SEQ ID NO:68). In certain
embodiments, the aminotransferase class III domain may also include
the following conserved residues: G39, Y41, D44, G47, D52, S55,
G61, V68, R83, G113, A120, P183, A208, G220, F243, E247, Q249,
G251, G256, G283, T309, G312, P314, E330, L332, A336, G340, L343,
L347, V360, R361, G362, G364, F411, and P413 in SEQ ID NO:2 that
may play a catalytic and/or structural role.
[0236] The aminotransferase class III domain (HMM) has been
assigned the PFAM Accession Number PF00202. The aminotransferase
class III domain (amino acids 23 to 437 of SEQ ID NO:68) of human
32235 aligns with the PFAM aminotransferase class III domain
consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:70) derived from a hidden
Markov model.
[0237] In a preferred embodiment, a 32235 polypeptide or protein
has an "aminotransferase class III domain" or a region which
includes at least about 400 to 500 amino acids, more preferably
about 425 to 475 amino acid residues, or about 440 to 460 amino
acid residues and has at least about 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%,
or 100% homology with an "aminotransferase class III domain," e.g.,
the aminotransferase class III domain of human 32235 (e.g.,
residues 23 to 437 of SEQ ID NO:68).
[0238] To identify the presence of an "aminotransferase class III
domain" in a 32235 protein sequence, and make the determination
that a polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile,
the amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against the
Pfam database of HMMs (e.g., the Pfam database, release 2.1) using
the default parameters. For example, the hmmsf program, which is
available as part of the HMMER package of search programs, is a
family specific default program for MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is
the default threshold score for determining a hit. Alternatively,
the threshold score for determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to
8 bits). A description of the Pfam database can be found in
Sonhammer et al. (1997) Proteins 28:405-420 and a detailed
description of HMMs can be found, for example, in Gribskov et al.
(1990) Meth. Enzymol. 183:146-159; Gribskov et al. (1987) Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol.
Biol. 235:1501-1531; and Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci.
2:305-314, the contents of which are incorporated herein by
reference. A search was performed against the HMM database
resulting in the identification of an "aminotransferase class III
domain" in the amino acid sequence of human 32235 at about residues
23 to 437 of SEQ ID NO:68.
[0239] For further identification of an "aminotransferase class III
domain" in a 32235 protein sequence, and make the determination
that a polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile,
the amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against a
database of domains, e.g., the Propom database (Corpet et al.
(1999), Nucl. Acids Res. 27:263-267). The Propom protein domain
database consists of an automatic compilation of homologous
domains. Current versions of Propom are built using recursive
PSI-BLAST searches (Altschul et al. (1997) Nucleic Acids Res.
25:3389-3402; Gouzy et al. (1999) Computers and Chemistry
23:333-340) of the SWISS-PROT 38 and TREMBL protein databases. The
database automatically generates a consensus sequence for each
domain. A BLAST search was performed against the HMM database
resulting in the identification of a first and second region of an
"aminotransferase class III domain" domain in the amino acid
sequence of human 32235 at about residues 84 to 246 and 308 to 363
of SEQ ID NO:68.
[0240] A 32235 family member can include at least one amino
transferase class III domain. A 32235 family member can further
include a coiled coil structure and an aminotransferase class III
pyridoxal-phosphate attachment site (ProSite PS00600). Furthermore,
a 32235 family member can include at least one, two, preferably
three protein kinase C phosphorylation sites (ProSite PS00005); at
least one, two, three, four, five, preferably six casein kinase II
phosphorylation sites (ProSite PS00006); at least one, two, three,
and preferably four N-myristoylation sites (ProSite PS00008); and
at least one amidation site (ProSite PS00009).
[0241] As the 32235 polypeptides of the invention can modulate
32235-mediated activities, they can be useful for developing novel
diagnostic and therapeutic agents for aminotransferase-associated
or other 32235-associated disorders, as described below.
[0242] As used herein, an "aminotransferase-associated activity"
includes an activity which involves transfer of an amino group from
an amino acid to an oxo acid. Members of the family can play a role
in metabolic disorders, e.g., disorders of amino acid
metabolism.
[0243] As used herein, a "32235 activity", "biological activity of
32235" or "functional activity of 32235", refers to an activity
exerted by a 32235 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule on
e.g., a 32235-responsive cell or on a 32235 substrate, e.g., a
protein substrate, as determined in vivo or in vitro. In one
embodiment, a 32235 activity is a direct activity, such as an
association with a 32235 target molecule. A "target molecule" or
"binding partner" is a molecule with which a 32235 protein binds or
interacts in nature. In an exemplary embodiment, 32235 is an enzyme
for a substrate, e.g., an amino acid substrate such as L-alanine or
an oxo acid substrate such as pyruvate.
[0244] A 32235 activity can also be an indirect activity, e.g., a
cellular signaling activity mediated by interaction of the 32235
protein with a 32235 receptor. Based on the above-described
sequence structures and similarities to molecules of known
function, the 32235 molecules of the present invention can have
similar biological activities as aminotransferase family members.
For example, the 32235 proteins of the present invention can have
one or more of the following activities: (1) the ability to
modulate metabolism, e.g., amino acid metabolism; (2) the ability
to bind an amino acid, e.g., L-alanine; (3) the ability to bind an
oxo acid, e.g., pyruvate; (4) the ability to bind a co-factor,
e.g., pyridoxal-5'-phosphate; and (5) the ability to catalyze the
transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to an oxo acid, e.g.,
from L-alanine to pyruvate.
[0245] The 32235 molecules of the invention can modulate the
activities of cells in tissues where they are expressed. For
example, 32235 mRNA is expressed in lung tumors, prostate tumors,
ovarian tumors, colon tumors, breast tumors, normal artery, normal
heart, heart under congestive heart failure, kidney, skeletal
muscle, pancreas, normal brain hypothalamus, and nerve.
Accordingly, the 32235 molecules of the invention can act as
therapeutic or diagnostic agents for cellular proliferative,
cardiovascular, renal, muscular, pancreatic, neurological
disorders, and metabolic.
[0246] The 32235 molecules can be used to treat cellular
proliferative and/or differentiative disorders in part because
32235 mRNA is expressed in tumor tissues, e.g., breast tumors, lung
tumors, prostate tumors, ovarian tumors and colon tumors. Examples
of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative disorders include
cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma, metastatic disorders or
hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g., leukemias. A metastatic
tumor can arise from a multitude of primary tumor types, including
but not limited to those of prostate, colon, lung, breast and liver
origin.
[0247] The 32235 molecules can be used to treat pancreatic
disorders in part because 32235 mRNA is expressed in the
pancreas.
[0248] The 32235 molecules can be used to treat endothelial cell
disorders in part because 32235 mRNA is expressed in endothelial
tissues, e.g., human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and
human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC).
[0249] The 32235 molecules can be used to treat pain disorders
because 32235 mRNA is expressed in neurological tissues, e.g.,
nerves and the hypothalamus.
[0250] Thus, the 32235 molecules can act as novel diagnostic
targets and therapeutic agents for controlling one or more cellular
proliferative, cardiovascular, renal, muscular, pancreatic,
neurological or other aminotransferase disorder. As used herein,
"aminotransferase disorders" are diseases or disorders whose
pathogenesis is caused by, is related to, or is associated with
aberrant or deficient aminotransferase protein function or
expression. Examples of such disorders, e.g.,
aminotransferase-associated or other 32235-associated disorders,
include but are not limited to metabolic disorders.
[0251] The 32235 molecules can be used to treat metabolic disorders
in part because aberrant or deficient function or expression of
aminotransferase family members results in the inability to fully
degrade essential amino acids. Diseases of metabolic imbalance
include, but are not limited to, obesity, anorexia nervosa,
cachexia, lipid disorders, and diabetes.
Gene Expression Analysis of 32235
[0252] Human 32235 expression was measured by TaqMan.RTM.
quantitative PCR (Perkin Elmer Applied Biosystems) in cDNA prepared
from a variety of normal and diseased (e.g., cancerous) human
tissues or cell lines.
[0253] The results indicate significant 32235 expression in tumors,
cardiovascular, renal, muscular, pancreatic, and neurological
tissues.
Tables
[0254] 32235 was first identified from a TxP experiment which
profiled three distinct ovarian carcinoma cell lines that were
grown on plastic, soft agar, and as subcutaneous xenograft tumors
(see Table 29). 32235 was found to be upregulated when the cells
were grown either on soft agar or as xenograft tumors compared to
growth on plastic.
TABLE-US-00029 TABLE 29 TxP analysis Cell line 32235 expression HEY
(plastic) 1.4841 HEY (soft agar) 1.6636 SKOV-3 #1 (plastic) 1.0752
SKOV-3 #1 (soft agar) 1.4575 SKOV-3 #1 (tumor) 1.7173 SKOV-3 #2
(plastic) 1.4160 SKOV-3 #2 (soft agar) 1.9042 SKOV-3 #2 (tumor)
2.1054 SKOV-3 variant #1 (plastic) 1.2800 SKOV-3 variant #1 (soft
agar) 1.4000 SKOV-3 variant #1 (tumor) 1.9748 SKOV-3 variant #2
(plastic) 1.4500 SKOV-3 variant #2 (soft agar) 1.3626 SKOV-3
variant #2 (tumor) 1.5179
[0255] The expression of 32235 was also increased with addition of
the growth factor EGF to serum free culture media of the SKOV-3
cell line for 15, 30, or 60 minutes (see Table 30). Clinical data
comparing expression of 32235 in isolated ovarian epithelial cells
vs. ascites (see Table 31), across a range of tissues (see Table
32), and expression in normal and diseased tissues (see Table 33),
all indicate that 32235 is upregulated in tumor tissues compared to
normal tissues. 32235 is also expressed in several xenograft
friendly cell lines (see Table 34).
TABLE-US-00030 TABLE 30 TaqMan .RTM. analysis of the ovarian
carcinoma cell line SKOV-3 .+-. EGF Cell line Relative 32235
expression SKOV-3 (without EGF) 4.2 SKOV-3 (with EGF 15') 5.8
SKOV-3 (with EGF 30') 5.0 SKOV-3 (with EGF 60') 5.8
TABLE-US-00031 TABLE 31 TaqMan .RTM. analysis of clinical human
isolated ovarian epithelial cells compared to clinical ovarian
ascites Tissue Relative 32235 expression Ovary (normal) 0.9 Ovary
(normal) 0.5 Ovary (ascites) 1.1 Ovary (ascites) 1.6
TABLE-US-00032 TABLE 32 TaqMan .RTM. organ recital Tissue Relative
32235 expression Artery (normal) 22.9 Aorta (diseased) 10.7 Vein
(normal) 4.0 Coronary smooth muscle 11.6 HUVEC.sup.1 28.6
Hemangioma 11.4 Heart (normal) 17.1 Heart (CHF.sup.2) 18.3 Kidney
17.9 Skeletal muscle 24.0 Adipose (normal) 4.8 Pancreas 15.8
Primary osteoblasts 5.5 Osteoclasts (differentiated) 0.9 Skin
(normal) 7.0 Spinal cord (normal) 8.8 Brain hypothalamus (normal)
19.2 Nerve 27.6 Dorsal root ganglion 11.1 Breast (normal) 10.9
Breast (tumor) 6.6 Ovary (normal) 13.5 Ovary (tumor) 2.8 Prostate
(normal) 11.5 Prostate (tumor) 15.6 Salivary glands 2.7 Colon
(normal) 4.7 Colon (tumor) 10.3 Lung (normal) 3.0 Lung (tumor) 10.4
Lung (COPD.sup.3) 11.6 Colon (IBD.sup.4) 2.8 Liver (normal) 8.5
Liver (fibrosis) 11.2 Spleen (normal) 5.4 Tonsil (normal) 8.1 Lymph
node (normal) 6.3 Small intestine (normal) 3.5 Macrophages 0.5
Synovium 1.8 Bone marrow MNC.sup.5 4.4 Activated peripheral blood
MNC.sup.5 1.9 Neutrophils 5.3 Megakaryocytes 8.9 Erythroid 11.7
.sup.1Human umbilical vein endothelial cells, .sup.2congestive
heart failure, .sup.3chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
.sup.4inflammatory bowel disease, .sup.5mononuclear cells.
TABLE-US-00033 TABLE 33 TaqMan .RTM. analysis comparing clinical
tumors with their normal tissue counterparts Source Tissue Relative
32235 expression PIT 400 Breast (normal) 32.7 PIT 372 Breast
(normal) 18.8 CHT 559 Breast (normal) 0.7 CLN 168 Breast (tumor,
IDC.sup.1) 5.5 MDA 304 Breast (tumor, MD-IDC.sup.2) 3.1 CHT 2002
Breast (tumor, IDC.sup.1) 8.3 CHT 562 Breast (tumor, IDC.sup.1) 4.0
NDR 138 Breast (tumor, ILC.sup.3) 10.2 CHT 1841 Lymph node (breast
met.) 18.9 PIT 58 Lung (breast met.) 5.0 CHT 620 Ovary (normal) 6.7
PIT 208 Ovary (normal) 11.2 CLN 012 Ovary (tumor) 10.8 CLN 07 Ovary
(tumor) 2.9 CLN 17 Ovary (tumor) 12.7 MDA 25 Ovary (tumor) 24.3 MDA
216 Ovary (tumor) 2.9 PIT 298 Lung (normal) 4.4 MDA 185 Lung
(normal) 6.3 CLN 930 Lung (normal) 6.6 MPI 215 Lung (tumor,
SmC.sup.4) 7.3 MDA 259 Lung (tumor, PD-NSCC.sup.5) 23.9 CHT 832
Lung (tumor, PD-NSCC.sup.5) 6.4 MDA 262 Lung (tumor, SCC.sup.6) 9.6
CHT 793 Lung (tumor, ACA.sup.7) 4.6 CHT 331 Lung (tumor, ACA.sup.7)
19.0 CHT 405 Colon (normal) 9.4 CHT 523 Colon (normal) 10.7 CHT 371
Colon (normal) 6.5 CHT 382 Colon (tumor, MD.sup.8) 7.0 CHT 528
Colon (tumor, MD.sup.8) 11.8 CLN 609 Colon (tumor) 11.2 NDR 210
Colon (tumor, PD.sup.9) 36.4 CHT 340 Colon (liver met.) 26.8 NDR
100 Colon (liver met.) 15.8 PIT 260 Liver (normal, female) 6.3 CHT
1653 Cervix (SCC.sup.6) 8.5 CHT 569 Cervix (SCC.sup.6) 1.7 A24
HMVEC.sup.10 (arrested) 10.0 C48 HMVEC.sup.10 (proliferating) 14.7
Pooled Hemangiomas 3.6 HCT 116 N22 Normoxic 30.0 HCT 116 H22
Hypoxic 14.4 .sup.1Invasive ductal carcinoma, .sup.2moderately
differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma, .sup.3invasive lobular
carcinoma, .sup.4small cell papillary carcinoma, .sup.5poorly
differentiated non squamous cell carcinoma, .sup.6squamous cell
carcinoma, .sup.7acinic cell adenocarcinoma, .sup.8moderately
differentiated, .sup.9poorly differentiated, .sup.10human
microvascular endothelial cells.
TABLE-US-00034 TABLE 34 TaqMan .RTM. analysis of xenograft friendly
cell lines Relative 32235 Cell line Tissue expression MCF-7 Breast
(tumor) 115.8 ZR75 Breast (tumor) 62.9 T47D Breast (tumor) 40.4
MDA231 Breast (tumor) 16.9 MDA435 Breast (tumor) 20.5 SKBr3 Breast
(tumor) 31.8 DLD1 Colon (tumor, stage C) 397.8 SW480 Colon (tumor,
stage B) 42.2 HCT116 Colon (tumor) 45.6 HT29 Colon (tumor) 27.5
Colo 205 Colon (tumor) 65.4 NCIH125 69.8 NCIH67 44.0 NCIH322 44.5
NCIH460 56.1 A549 Lung (tumor) 122.9 NHBE.sup.1 Lung 60.2 SKOV-3
Ovary (tumor) 11.8 OVCAR-3 Ovary (tumor) 22.7 293 Baby kidney 116.2
293T Baby kidney 289.2
[0256] In situ hybridization (ISH) localized 32235 to the
epithelial tumor component of 7/8 ovarian tumors and 3/3 lung
tumors. No expression was found in normal ovarian surface
epithelium (see Table 35).
TABLE-US-00035 TABLE 35 In situ hybridization Tissue Diagnosis
Results Ovary: 7/8 Tumors; 1/1 Met; 0/2 Normals Ovary T Endometrial
adenocarcinoma (-/-) Ovary T Endometrial adenocarcinoma (+++/+)
Ovary T Endometrial adenocarcinoma (+/+) Ovary T PD-Serous (+++/+)
Ovary T MD-Adenocarcinoma (+/+) Ovary T Serous carcinoma (++/+)
Ovary T PD-Serous carcinoma (++/+) Ovary T PD-Clear cell (++/+)
Ovary M Ovarian met (+++/+) Ovary N Normal (-/-) Ovary N Normal
ovarian stroma (-/-) Lung: 3/3 Tumors Lung T Non-small (++/+) Lung
T Small cell (++/+) Lung T Small cell (+/+)
Human 23565
[0257] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
a novel zinc carboxypeptidase family member, referred to herein as
"23565".
[0258] The human 23565 sequence (SEQ ID NO:78), which is
approximately 1687 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
1308 nucleotides, (nucleotides 160-1467 of SEQ ID NO:78, 1-1308 of
SEQ ID NO:80) not including the termination codon. The coding
sequence encodes a 436 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:79).
[0259] The human 23565 protein of SEQ ID NO:79 includes an
amino-terminal hydrophobic amino acid sequence, consistent with a
signal sequence, of about 34 amino acids (from amino acid 1 to
about amino acid 34 of SEQ ID NO:79), which upon cleavage results
in the production of a mature protein form. The mature protein form
is approximately 402 amino acid residues in length (from about
amino acid 35 to amino acid 436 of SEQ ID NO:79).
[0260] An alignment of the zinc carboxypeptidase domain of human
23565 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden
Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:81) aligns with amino acids 139 to 419 of SEQ
ID NO:79.
[0261] An alignment of the zinc carboxypeptidase domain of human
23565 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden
Markov model (HMM) from SMART shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:82) aligns with amino acids 139 to 419 of SEQ
ID NO:79.
[0262] An alignment of the carboxypeptidase activation peptide of
human 23565 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:83), while the lower amino acid sequence
corresponds to amino acids 41 to 118 of SEQ ID NO:79.
[0263] Human 23565 contains the following regions or other
structural features: one zinc carboxypeptidase domain (PFAM
Accession Number PF00246) located at about amino acid residues 139
to 419 of SEQ ID NO:79, which includes one predicted zinc
carboxypeptidase zinc-binding region 1 signature from about amino
acid residues 187 to 209 of SEQ ID NO:79; and one predicted zinc
carboxypeptidase zinc-binding region 2 signature from about amino
acid residues 323 to 333 of SEQ ID NO:79; one carboxypeptidase
activation peptide (PFAM Accession Number PF02244) located at about
amino acid residues 41 to 118 of SEQ ID NO:79; one signal peptide
located at about amino acids 1 to 34 of SEQ ID NO:79; four
N-Glycosylation sites (PS00001) at about amino acids 36 to 39, 171
to 174, 256 to 259, and 281 to 284 of SEQ ID NO:79; one
Glycosaminoglycan attachment site (PS00002) at about amino acid 276
to 279 of SEQ ID NO:79; two Protein Kinase C phosphorylation sites
(PS00005) at about amino acids 124 to 126, and 258 to 260 of SEQ ID
NO:79; seven Casein Kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006) at
about amino 14 to 17, 141 to 144, 147 to 150, 238 to 241, 299 to
302, 416 to 419, and 426 to 429 of SEQ ID NO:79; one Tyrosine
kinase phosphorylation site (PS00007) at about amino acid 351 to
358 of SEQ ID NO:79; and eight N-myristylation sites (PS00008) at
about amino acid 3 to 8, 100 to 105, 206 to 211, 267 to 272, 279 to
284, 314 to 319, 368 to 373, and 389 to 394 of SEQ ID NO:79.
[0264] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28: 405-420.
[0265] A hydropathy plot of human 23565 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 105
to 119, from about 222 to 235, from about 260 to 267 and from about
200 to 310 of SEQ ID NO:79; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence,
e.g., the sequence of from about amino acid 115 to 142, from about
245 to 258, and from about 280 to 301 of SEQ ID NO:79; a sequence
which includes a Cys, or a glycosylation site.
[0266] The 23565 protein contains a significant number of
structural characteristics in common with members of the zinc
carboxypeptidase family. The zinc carboxypeptidase family of
proteins are structurally and functionally related, and are
characterized by the following signature patterns: a zinc
carboxypeptidase zinc-binding region 1 signature
[PK]-x-[LIVMFY]-x-[LIVMFY]-x(4)-H-[STAG]-x-E-x-[LIVM]-[STAG]-x(6)-[LIVMFY-
TA] (SEQ ID NO:84), wherein H and E are zinc ligands, and a zinc
carboxypeptidase zinc-binding region 2 signature
H-[STAG]-x(3)-[LIVME]-x(2)-[LIVMFYW]-P-[FYW] (SEQ ID NO:85),
wherein H is a zinc ligand. 23565, a member of the carboxypeptidase
family shows good homology with critical residues of known family
members. A 23565 protein typically contains one or more sequences
that conform to each of the signature patterns. For example, a
23565 protein contains the sequence PAIWIDTGHSREWITHATGIWT (SEQ ID
NO:86) located at amino acids 187 to 209 of SEQ ID NO:79, which
corresponds to the zinc carboxypeptidase zinc-binding region 1
signature. A 23565 protein can also include the sequence
HSYSQMLMYPY (SEQ ID NO:87) located at amino acids 323 to 333 of SEQ
ID NO:79, which corresponds to the zinc carboxypeptidease
zinc-binding region 2 signature. Carboxypeptidases are known to
degrade peptide hormone and growth factors.
[0267] A 23565 polypeptide can include a "zinc carboxypeptidase
domain" or regions homologous with a "zinc carboxypeptidase
domain". As used herein, the term "zinc carboxypeptidase domain"
includes an amino acid sequence of about 100 to 400 amino acid
residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the zinc carboxypeptidase domain (HMM) of at least 200.
Preferably, a zinc carboxypeptidase domain includes at least about
200 to 350 amino acids, more preferably about 250 to 300 amino acid
residues, or about 275 to 285 amino acids and has a bit score for
the alignment of the sequence to the zinc carboxypeptidase domain
(HMM) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400 or greater. In one embodiment,
a zinc carboxypeptidase domain includes one zinc carboxypeptidase
zinc-binding region 1 signature: PAIWIDTGHSREWITHATGIWT (SEQ ID
NO:86) located at amino acids 187 to 209 of SEQ ID NO:79, wherein
the H and E residues are zinc ligands; and one zinc
carboxypeptidase zinc-binding region 2 signature: HSYSQMLMYPY (SEQ
ID NO:87) located at amino acids 323 to 333 of SEQ ID NO:79,
wherein the H is a zinc ligand. The zinc carboxypeptidase domain
(HMM) has been assigned the PFAM Accession Number PF00246. The zinc
carboxypeptidase domain (HMM) has also been assigned the SMART
identifier zn_carb. The zinc carboxypeptidase domain (amino acids
139 to 419 of SEQ ID NO:79) of human 23565 aligns with a consensus
amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NOs:81 and 82) derived from a hidden
Markov model.
[0268] In a preferred embodiment 23565 polypeptide or protein has a
"zinc carboxypeptidase domain" or a region which includes at least
about 200 to 350 more preferably about 250 to 300, or 275 to 285
amino acid residues and has at least about 60%, 70% 80% 90% 95%,
99%, or 100% homology with a "zinc carboxypeptidase domain," e.g.,
the zinc carboxypeptidase domain of human 23565 (e.g., residues 139
to 419 of SEQ ID NO:79).
[0269] The zinc carboxypeptidase family member may also include a
carboxypeptidase activation peptide, which is a pro-segment motif
accounting for up to about a quarter of the total length of the
peptidase and responsible for modulation of folding and activity of
the enzyme. Preferably, the carboxypeptidase activation peptide
includes at least about 20 to 200 amino acids, more preferably
about 50 to 100 amino acid residues, or about 70 to 80 amino acids
and has a bit score for the alignment of the sequence to the
carboxypeptidase activation peptide (HMM) of at least 50, 70, 90,
100, or greater. The carboxypeptidase activation peptide motif has
been assigned the PFAM Accession Number PF02244. The zinc
carboxypeptidase domain (amino acids 41 to 118 of SEQ ID NO:79) of
human 23565 aligns with a consensus amino acid sequence derived
from a hidden Markov model.
[0270] In a preferred embodiment 23565 polypeptide or protein has a
"carboxypeptidase activation peptide" or a region which includes at
least about 20 to 200 more preferably about 50 to 100 or 70 to 80
amino acid residues and has at least about 50%, 60%, 70% 80% 90%
95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a "carboxypeptidase activation
peptide," e.g., the carboxypeptidase activation peptide of human
23565 (e.g., residues 41 to 118 of SEQ ID NO:79).
[0271] To identify the presence of a "zinc carboxypeptidase" domain
or a "carboxypeptidase activation peptide" in a 23565 protein
sequence, and make the determination that a polypeptide or protein
of interest has a particular profile, the amino acid sequence of
the protein can be searched against the Pfam database of HMMs
(e.g., the Pfam database, release 2.1) using the default
parameters. For example, the hmmsf program, which is available as
part of the HMMER package of search programs, is a family specific
default program for MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is the default
threshold score for determining a hit. Alternatively, the threshold
score for determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to 8 bits). A
description of the Pfam database can be found in Sonhammer et al.
(1997) Proteins 28(3): 405-420 and a detailed description of HMMs
can be found, for example, in Gribskov et al. (1990) Meth. Enzymol.
183:146-159; Gribskov et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531; and
Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci. 2:305-314, the contents of which
are incorporated herein by reference. A search was performed
against the HMM database resulting in the identification of a "zinc
carboxypeptidase" domain in the amino acid sequence of human 23565
at about residues 139 to 419 of SEQ ID NO:79, and the
identification of a "carboxypeptidase activation peptide" in the
amino acid sequence of human 23565 at about residues 41 to 118 of
SEQ ID NO:79.
[0272] To identify the presence of a "zinc carboxypeptidase" domain
in a 23565 protein sequence, and make the determination that a
polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile, the
amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against a SMART
database (Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool) of HMMs as
described in Schultz et al. (1998), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:
5857 and Schultz et al. (200) Nucl. Acids Res 28:231. The database
contains domains identified by profiling with the hidden Markov
models of the HMMer2 search program (R. Durbin et al. (1998)
Biological sequence analysis: probabilistic models of proteins and
nucleic acids. Cambridge University Press). The database also is
extensively annotated and monitored by experts to enhance accuracy.
A search was performed against the HMM database resulting in the
identification of a "zinc carboxypeptidase" domain in the amino
acid sequence of human 23565 at about residues 139 to 419 of SEQ ID
NO:79.
[0273] In yet another embodiment, the 23565 molecule can further
include a signal sequence. As used herein, a "signal sequence"
refers to a peptide of about 20 to 50 amino acid residues in length
which occurs at the N-terminus of secretory and integral membrane
proteins and which contains a majority of hydrophobic amino acid
residues. For example, a signal sequence contains at least about 30
to 40 amino acid residues, preferably about 34 amino acid residues,
and has at least about 40-70%, preferably about 50-65%, and more
preferably about 55-60% hydrophobic amino acid residues (e.g.,
alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine,
tryptophan, or proline). Such a "signal sequence", also referred to
in the art as a "signal peptide", serves to direct a protein
containing such a sequence to a lipid bilayer. For example, in one
embodiment, a 23565 protein contains a signal sequence of about
amino acids 1 to 34 of SEQ ID NO:79. The "signal sequence" is
cleaved during processing of the mature protein. The mature 23565
protein corresponds to amino acids 35 to 436 of SEQ ID NO:79.
[0274] A 23565 polypeptide can optionally include at least one,
two, preferably three N-glycosylation sites; at least one
glycosaminoglycan attachment site; at least one, preferably two
protein kinase C phosphorylation sites; at least one, two, three,
four, five, six, preferably seven casein kinase II phosphorylation
sites; at least one tyrosine kinase phosphorylation sites; and at
least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, preferably eight
N-myristylation sites.
[0275] As the 23565 polypeptides of the invention may modulate
23565-mediated activities, they may be useful as of for developing
novel diagnostic and therapeutic agents for 23565-mediated or
related disorders, as described below.
[0276] As used herein, a "23565 activity," "biological activity of
23565" or "functional activity of 23565," refers to an activity
exerted by a 23565 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule.
For example, a 23565 activity can be an activity exerted by 23565
in a physiological milieu on, e.g., a 23565-responsive cell or on a
23565 substrate, e.g., a protein substrate. A 23565 activity can be
determined in vivo or in vitro. In one embodiment, a 23565 activity
is a direct activity, such as an association with a 23565 target
molecule. A "target molecule" or "binding partner" is a molecule
with which a 23565 protein binds or interacts in nature.
[0277] In an exemplary embodiment, 23565 is an enzyme for a
polypeptide substrate.
[0278] A 23565 activity can also be an indirect activity, e.g., a
cellular signaling activity mediated by interaction of the 23565
protein with a 23565 receptor. The features of the 23565 molecules
of the present invention can provide similar biological activities
as zinc carboxypeptidase family members. For example, the 23565
proteins of the present invention can have one or more of the
following activities: (1) formation of a zinc ion complex with a
carbonyl group of a substrate polypeptide and polarization of the
carbon-oxygen bond; (2) formation of a tetrahedral intermediate due
to attack of the carbonyl carbon by water in a reaction assisted by
a carboxylate side chain of glutamate; (3) production of a dianion
intermediate by rapid ionization of the tetrahedral intermediate
produced; (4) cleavage of the C--N bond of the substrate to
collapse the tetrahedral intermediate; (5) binding the
carboxy-terminus of polypeptides; (6) hydrolyzing polypeptides to
remove/release a carboxy-terminal residue; (7) participating in
digestion of polypeptides/proteins; (8) processing prohormones; (9)
regulating growth hormones; (10) modulating (e.g., stimulate) cell
differentiation or proliferation, e.g., differentiation or
proliferation of hematopoietic cells; (11) modulating
hematopoiesis, e.g., erythropoiesis; (12) modulating apoptosis, of
a cell, e.g., increase apoptosis of a cancer cell, e.g., a leukemic
cell, (e.g., an erythroleukemia cell); or suppress apoptosis of a
blood or erythroid cell; or (13) modulating transcriptional
activity, e.g., cytokine transcriptional activity.
[0279] Taqman analysis revealed high levels of expression of 23565
mRNA in erythroid (GPA+) and megakaryocyte (CD61+) lineages in
vivo, and in vitro, high levels of expression only during late
megakaryocyte differentiation, low levels of expression in most
tissues, and moderate expression in skeletal muscle and pituitary
(Tables 36-40). Table 36 shows 23565 mRNA expression as determined
by TaqMan assays in a panel of human tissues, including artery
normal, aorta diseased, vein normal, coronary SMC, Human Umbilical
Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC), heart, pancreas, skin, spinal cord,
brain, adrenal glands, dorsal root gland (DRG), nerve, breast,
ovary, colon, lung, liver, megakaryocytes, and erythroid. The
highest 23565 mRNA expression was observed in megakaryocytes,
followed by skeletal muscle, lymphnode, tonsil, and pituitary
gland. Its expression is further enhanced in the erythroid lineage
and increases as blood cell differentiation proceeds. Tables 37-40
show relative 23565 mRNA expression as determined by TaqMan assays
on mRNA most derived from human hematological samples, e.g., bone
marrow (BM), erythroid cells (Eryth), megakaryocytes (Meg),
neutrophils (Neut), or a negative reference sample (NTC). 23565
mRNA was highly expressed in pooled megakaryocytes, glycophorin A
(GPA) expressing cells, and BM CD 61+ cell. In Table 39, mRNA
expression was detected at the indicated times in culture (e.g., 24
hrs., 48 hrs., days in culture). High levels of 23565 mRNA
expression were observed in one sample of erythroid cells,
especially day 7 (erythroid burst forming units (BFU) Eryth D7). In
Table 40, high levels of 23565 mRNA expressions were observed in
two samples of megakaryocyte cells, especially day 6 and day 10.
This pattern of expression suggests a role for 23565 in the
regulation of cytokine signaling during the development of cells of
the erythroid lineage. Thus, inhibition of 23565 expression is
expected to accelerate megakaryopoiesis by inhibiting degradation
of growth factors critical for megakaryocyte growth. Accordingly,
the 23565 molecules can act as novel diagnostic targets and
therapeutic agents for controlling hematopoietic disorders.
[0280] As used herein, a "CD61-positive cell" or a "CD61-expressing
cell" refers to a cell that expresses detectable levels of the CD61
antigen, preferably human CD61 antigen. CD61 recognizes a Mr
110-kilodalton (kDa) protein, also known as gpIIIa, the common
.beta.-subunit (integrin .beta.3-chain) of the gpIIb/IIIa complex
and the vitronectin receptor. The CD61 antigen is typically present
on hematopoietic cells and hematopoietic colony-forming cells in
the bone marrow.
[0281] As the 23565 polypeptides of the invention may modulate
23565-mediated activities, they may be useful as of for developing
novel diagnostic and therapeutic agents for 23565-mediated or
related disorders, e.g., blood cell- (e.g., erythroid-) associated
disorders and other hematopoietic disorders.
[0282] Agents that modulate 23565 polypeptide or nucleic acid
activity or expression can be used to treat anemias, in particular,
drug-induced anemias or anemias associated with cancer
chemotherapy, chronic renal failure, malignancies, adult and
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, disorders of hemoglobin synthesis,
prematurity, and zidovudine treatment of HIV infection. A subject
receiving the treatment can be additionally treated with a second
agent, e.g., erythropoietin, to further ameliorate the
condition.
[0283] As used herein, the term "erythropoietin" or "EPO" refers to
a glycoprotein produced in the kidney, which is the principal
hormone responsible for stimulating red blood cell production
(erythrogenesis). EPO stimulates the division and differentiation
of committed erythroid progenitors in the bone marrow. Normal
plasma erythropoietin levels range from 0.01 to 0.03 Units/mL, and
can increase up to 100 to 1,000-fold during hypoxia or anemia.
Graber and Krantz, Ann. Rev. Med. 29: 51 (1978); Eschbach and
Adamson, Kidney Intl. 28:1 (1985). Recombinant human erythropoietin
(rHuEpo or epoietin alpha) is commercially available as EPOGEN.RTM.
(epoietin alpha, recombinant human erythropoietin) (Amgen Inc.,
Thousand Oaks, Calif.) and as PROCRIT.RTM. (epoietin alpha,
recombinant human erythropoietin) (Ortho Biotech Inc., Raritan,
N.J.).
[0284] Aberrant expression or activity of the 23565 molecules may
be involved in neoplastic disorders. Accordingly, treatment,
prevention and diagnosis of cancer or neoplastic disorders related
to hematopoietic cells and, in particular, cells of the erythroid
lineage are also included in the present invention.
[0285] The 23565 nucleic acid and protein of the invention can also
be used to treat and/or diagnose a variety of immune disorders.
[0286] The molecules of the invention may also modulate the
activity of tissues in which they are expressed, e.g., skeletal
muscle or pituitary, as well as other neoplastic tissues. For
example, increase expression of 23565 molecules is detected on lung
tumors compared to the normal lung. Accordingly, the 23565
molecules can act as novel diagnostic targets and therapeutic
agents for controlling one or more of cellular proliferative and/or
differentiative disorders.
[0287] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders include cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma, metastatic
disorders or hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g., leukemias. A
metastatic tumor can arise from a multitude of primary tumor types,
including but not limited to those of prostate, colon, lung, breast
and liver origin.
Tissue Distribution of 23565 mRNA by TagMan Analysis
[0288] Endogenous human 23565 gene expression was determined using
the Perkin-Elmer/ABI 7700 Sequence Detection System which employs
TaqMan technology. Tissues tested include the human tissues and
several cell lines shown in Tables 36-40.
TABLE-US-00036 TABLE 36 23565 mRNA Expression Tissue Type Mean
.beta.2 Mean .differential..differential. Ct Expression Artery
normal 40.0 20.1 19.9 0.0 Aorta diseased 39.9 22.9 17.0 0.0 Vein
normal 40.0 20.2 19.8 0.0 Coronary SMC 38.7 19.7 18.9 0.0 HUVEC
40.0 21.2 18.9 0.0 Hemangioma 40.0 20.1 19.9 0.0 Heart normal 38.6
19.5 19.1 0.0 Heart CHF 40.0 21.3 18.7 0.0 Kidney 37.0 20.7 16.3
0.0 Skeletal Muscle 33.8 22.2 11.6 0.3 Liver normal 40.0 19.7 20.3
0.0 Small intestine normal 40.0 20.5 19.5 0.0 Adipose normal 36.7
19.2 17.5 0.0 Pancreas 35.8 22.2 13.6 0.0 primary osteoblast 38.5
19.8 18.7 0.0 Bladder 40.0 19.4 20.6 0.0 Adrenal Gland normal 36.0
19.4 16.6 0.0 Pituitary Gland normal 32.7 20.2 12.6 0.2 Spinal cord
normal 38.7 22.0 16.6 0.0 Brain Cortex normal 36.2 22.2 14.0 0.0
Brain Hypothalamus normal 38.1 21.2 16.8 0.0 Nerve 40.0 20.9 19.1
0.0 DRG (Dorsal Root Ganglion) 39.4 21.6 17.9 0.0 Breast normal
34.8 20.3 14.5 0.0 Breast Tumor 33.9 19.6 14.3 0.0 Ovary normal
39.3 20.2 19.1 0.0 Ovary Tumor 37.1 19.9 17.2 0.0 Prostate BPH 37.5
20.1 17.4 0.0 Prostate Tumor 39.2 20.6 18.6 0.0 Colon normal 39.2
19.6 19.6 0.0 Colon Tumor 37.5 20.2 17.4 0.0 Lung normal 38.9 18.1
20.9 0.0 Lung tumor 38.6 20.2 18.4 0.0 Lung COPD 37.6 19.4 18.2 0.0
Colon IBD 40.0 20.5 19.5 0.0 Synovium 38.1 19.6 18.6 0.0 Tonsil
normal 30.5 18.6 11.9 0.3 Lymph node normal 32.3 20.4 11.8 0.3
Liver fibrosis 38.4 21.2 17.3 0.0 Spleen normal 34.8 18.2 16.6 0.0
Macrophages 40.0 17.1 22.9 0.0 Progenitors (erythroid, 35.7 19.5
16.2 0.0 megakaryocyte, neutrophil) Megakaryocytes 28.3 19.3 9.1
1.8 Activated PBMC 37.0 18.1 18.9 0.0 Neutrophils 40.0 18.6 21.4
0.0 Erythroid 40.0 21.0 19.1 0.0 positive control 27.5 21.5 6.0
15.2
TABLE-US-00037 TABLE 37 23565 mRNA expression Avg Avg Rel exp 23565
Beta 23565 Beta .DELTA.CT .DELTA..DELTA.CT Rel exp Heart PT 262 40
20.22 40.0 20.2 19.8 19.8 0.0 Brain MCL 400 33.83 20.49 33.8 20.5
13.3 13.3 0.1 Lung CHT 330 32.69 17.7 32.7 17.7 15.0 15.0 0.0 Liver
NDR 379 35.89 21.6 35.9 21.6 14.3 14.3 0.0 Spleen 380 31.04 19.22
31.0 19.2 11.8 11.8 0.3 Kidney 27 31.13 19.96 31.1 20.0 11.2 11.2
0.4 CD3 4 hr Rest LF164 30.31 18.56 30.3 18.6 11.8 11.8 0.3 CD3 4
hr Act LF164 31.72 19.49 31.7 19.5 12.2 12.2 0.2 CD3 24 hr Rest
LF164 29.13 18.43 29.1 18.4 10.7 10.7 0.6 CD3 24 hr Act LF164 29.12
17.59 29.1 17.6 11.5 11.5 0.3 CD4 4 hr Rest LF164 33.04 20.24 33.0
20.2 12.8 12.8 0.1 CD4 4 hr Act LF164 31.06 18.77 31.1 18.8 12.3
12.3 0.2 CD4 24 hr Rest LF164 32.13 20.07 32.1 20.1 12.1 12.1 0.2
CD4 24 hr Act LF164 30.61 18.01 30.6 18.0 12.6 12.6 0.2 CD8 4 hr
Rest LF164 28.92 18.7 28.9 18.7 10.2 10.2 0.8 CD8 4 hr Act LF164
32.51 20.5 32.5 20.5 12.0 12.0 0.2 CD8 24 hr Rest LF164 28.93 18.59
28.9 18.6 10.3 10.3 0.8 CD8 24 hr Act LF164 36.01 23.11 36.0 23.1
12.9 12.9 0.1 CD14-/19+ LF136 40 20.08 40.0 20.1 19.9 19.9 0.0 CD14
LF129 37.82 18.91 37.8 18.9 18.9 18.9 0.0 mBM CD14-/11b-/15+ LF120
34.97 19.25 35.0 19.3 15.7 15.7 0.0 mBM MNC LP7 37.55 18.97 37.6
19.0 18.6 18.6 0.0 mBM CD34+ LP92 35.16 20.25 35.2 20.3 14.9 14.9
0.0 BM CD34+ LF75 32.97 19.31 33.0 19.3 13.7 13.7 0.1 Cord Blood
CD34+ LF101 34.37 19.86 34.4 19.9 14.5 14.5 0.0 GPA Hi LF156 29.57
20.25 29.6 20.3 9.3 9.3 1.6 Pooled Neut D6 32.24 19.17 32.2 19.2
13.1 13.1 0.1 Pooled Neut D10/12 36.43 18.97 36.4 19.0 17.5 17.5
0.0 Pooled Eryth D10/12 37.32 21.54 37.3 21.5 15.8 15.8 0.0 Pooled
Meg D10/12 27.46 19.58 27.5 19.6 7.9 7.9 4.2 BM CD14-/15+ LF32 34.4
18.3 34.4 18.3 16.1 16.1 0.0 Grans LF157 37.43 17.11 37.4 17.1 20.3
20.3 0.0 K562 33.12 22.29 33.1 22.3 10.8 10.8 0.5 HL60 32.7 20.12
32.7 20.1 12.6 12.6 0.2 MF11 Stromal D32 post irrad 35.7 18.12 35.7
18.1 17.6 17.6 0.0 MF12 Stromal cntl 31.17 16.94 31.2 16.9 14.2
14.2 0.1 MF13 Stromal D2 post irrad 32.31 17.36 32.3 17.4 15.0 15.0
0.0 NTC 40 40 40.0 40.0 0.0 0.0
TABLE-US-00038 TABLE 38 23565 mRNA expression AVG AVG Rel exp 23565
Beta 23565 Beta .DELTA.CT .DELTA..DELTA.CT Rel exp Lung CHT 330
33.82 18.22 33.8 18.2 15.6 15.6 0.0 Heart PT 262 37.86 20.47 37.9
20.5 17.4 17.4 0.0 Spleen 380 30.16 19.77 30.2 19.8 10.4 10.4 0.7
Kidney 27 32.55 21.02 32.6 21.0 11.5 11.5 0.3 Liver NDR 379 37.86
22.64 37.9 22.6 15.2 15.2 0.0 Fetal Liver BWH 54 35.04 23.3 35.0
23.3 11.7 11.7 0.3 Brain MCL 400 34.35 20.75 34.4 20.8 13.6 13.6
0.1 Colon PIT 259 38.03 22.89 38.0 22.9 15.1 15.1 0.0 mBM MNC LP7
38.68 19.38 38.7 19.4 19.3 19.3 0.0 mBM CD34+ LP92 35.59 21.08 35.6
21.1 14.5 14.5 0.0 mPB CD34+ LP350 34.41 20.35 34.4 20.4 14.1 14.1
0.1 mPB CD34+ LF53 32.51 19.51 32.5 19.5 13.0 13.0 0.1 BM CD34+
LF89 35.96 20.88 36.0 20.9 15.1 15.1 0.0 BM CD34+ LF75 40 24.06
40.0 24.1 15.9 15.9 0.0 Cord Blood CD34+ MF1 36.37 21.18 36.4 21.2
15.2 15.2 0.0 Cord Blood CD34+ LF101 40 20.09 40.0 20.1 19.9 19.9
0.0 GPA Hi LF154 33.87 22.39 33.9 22.4 11.5 11.5 0.4 GPA Hi LF156
30.53 21.14 30.5 21.1 9.4 9.4 1.5 GPA Lo LF154 37.86 23.44 37.9
23.4 14.4 14.4 0.0 GPA Lo LF156 33.39 22.02 33.4 22.0 11.4 11.4 0.4
MF11 Stromal D32 post irrad 38.27 19.03 38.3 19.0 19.2 19.2 0.0
MF13 Stromal D2 post irrad 33.62 18.11 33.6 18.1 15.5 15.5 0.0
TABLE-US-00039 TABLE 39 23565 mRNA expression Avg Avg Rel exp 69039
Beta 23565 Beta .DELTA.CT .DELTA..DELTA.CT Rel exp BM CD61+ LP196
31.11 22.28 31.1 22.3 8.8 8.8 2.2 Platelets LP57 33.89 17.1 33.9
17.1 16.8 16.8 0.0 mBM CD14-/11b-/15+ LF120 38.31 20.66 38.3 20.7
17.7 17.7 0.0 BM CD14-/11b-/15+ LF54 35.53 20.71 35.5 20.7 14.8
14.8 0.0 BM CD14-/11b-/15+ LF128 34.01 19.9 34.0 19.9 14.1 14.1 0.1
BM CD14-/11b-/15+ LF145 33.97 20.15 34.0 20.2 13.8 13.8 0.1 mBM
CD14-/11b+/15+ LF120 36.12 20.22 36.1 20.2 15.9 15.9 0.0 BM
CD14-/11b+/15+ LF106 36.95 20.32 37.0 20.3 16.6 16.6 0.0 BM-1 CD15+
ench LP41 35.23 19.32 35.2 19.3 15.9 15.9 0.0 Eryth D0 LF143 34.53
20.35 34.5 20.4 14.2 14.2 0.1 Eryth 48 hr LF143 33.67 21.44 33.7
21.4 12.2 12.2 0.2 Eryth D6 LF143 36.71 24.18 36.7 24.2 12.5 12.5
0.2 Eryth D12 LF143 35.15 22.74 35.2 22.7 12.4 12.4 0.2 Eryth D0
LF139 34.69 21.85 34.7 21.9 12.8 12.8 0.1 Eryth 24 hr LF139 40
23.77 40.0 23.8 16.2 16.2 0.0 Eryth D6 LF139 40 21.93 40.0 21.9
18.1 18.1 0.0 Eryth D12 LF139 36.39 23.5 36.4 23.5 12.9 12.9 0.1
BFU Eryth D7 LP79 31.51 22.07 31.5 22.1 9.4 9.4 1.4 BFU Eryth D7
LP95 33.39 22.97 33.4 23.0 10.4 10.4 0.7 BFU Eryth D7 +3epo LP81
35.44 22.62 35.4 22.6 12.8 12.8 0.1 BFU Eryth D7 +3epo LP104 34.41
23.22 34.4 23.2 11.2 11.2 0.4 Mast Cell LP118 40 21.18 40.0 21.2
18.8 18.8 0.0
TABLE-US-00040 TABLE 40 23565 mRNA expression Avg Rel exp 69039
Beta Avg 55503 Beta .DELTA.CT .DELTA..DELTA.CT Rel exp Meg D0 LF140
33.87 19.13 33.87 19.13 14.74 14.74 0.036544 Meg 48 hr LF140 33.27
20.41 33 20 13 13 0 Meg D6 LF140 31.13 20.49 31 20 11 11 1 Meg D0
LF166 34.46 19.43 34 19 15 15 0 Meg 24 hr LF166 34.3 19.56 34 20 15
15 0 Meg 48 hr LF166 34.21 20.08 34 20 14 14 0 Meg D6 LF166 32.69
19.79 33 20 13 13 0 Meg D10 LF166 29.81 19.65 30 20 10 10 1 Neut D0
LF141 34.94 20.64 35 21 14 14 0 Neut 48 hr LF141 33.5 20.58 34 21
13 13 0 Neut D6 LF141 33.08 20.34 33 20 13 13 0 Neut D12 LF141 40
18.75 40 19 21 21 0 Neut D0 LF144 37.66 21.89 38 22 16 16 0 Neut 48
hr LF144 35.37 20.48 35 20 15 15 0 Neut D6 LF144 35.67 20.55 36 21
15 15 0 Neut D12 LF144 40 20.54 40 21 19 19 0 NTC 40 40 40 40 0 0
NTC 40 40 40 40 0 0
Human 13305
[0289] The present invention is based, at least in part, on the
discovery of novel molecules, referred to herein as "13305" nucleic
acid and polypeptide molecules, which have homologies to known
serine/threonine kinases at their active sites and in regions
relating to ATP binding. Thus, 13305 proteins are expected to play
a role in or function in signalling pathways associated with
cellular growth.
[0290] The nucleotide sequence of the isolated human 13305 cDNA
(SEQ ID NO:88), which is approximately 5389 nucleotides in length
including untranslated regions, contains a predicted
methionine-initiated coding sequence of about 3630 nucleotides, not
including the termination codon (nucleotides 6-3635 of SEQ ID
NO:88; 1-3630 of SEQ ID NO:90). The coding sequence encodes a 1210
amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:89).
[0291] An alignment of the protein kinase family domain of human
13305 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden
Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NOs:93-94) aligns with amino acids 190 to 411 and
492 to 518 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0292] A BLAST alignment of human 13305 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "protein kinase nuclear
serine/threonine-protein homeodomain-interacting homeobox
DNA-binding serine/threonine F20B6.8" (Release 1999.2; see also
Propomain Release 2000.1) shows amino acid residues 1 to 158 of the
158 amino acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:95) aligns with the
"protein kinase nuclear serine/threonine-protein
homeodomain-interacting homeobox DNA-binding serine/threonine
F20B6.8" domain of human 13305, amino acid residues 416 to 565 of
SEQ ID NO:89.
[0293] A BLAST alignment of human 13305 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "protein kinase nuclear
homeodomain-interacting homeobox DNA-binding serine/threonine
serine/threonine-protein" (Release 1999.2; see also Propomain
Release 2000.1) shows amino acid residues 72 to 272 of the amino
acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NOs:96-98) aligns with the "protein
kinase nuclear homeodomain-interacting homeobox DNA-binding
serine/threonine serine/threonine-protein" domain of human 13305,
amino acid residues 714 to 848, 720 to 887 an 615 to 667 of SEQ ID
NO:89. The BLAST algorithm identifies multiple local alignments
between the consensus amino acid sequence and human 13305.
[0294] A BLAST alignment of human 13305 with a consensus amino acid
sequence derived from a Propomain "protein kinase nuclear
homeodomain-interacting homeobox DNA-binding serine/threonine
serine/threonine-protein" (Release 1999.2; see also Propomain
Release 2000.1) shows amino acid residues 3 to 190 of the 190 amino
acid consensus sequence (SEQ ID NO:99) aligns with the "protein
kinase nuclear homeodomain-interacting homeobox DNA-binding
serine/threonine serine/threonine-protein" domain of human 13305,
amino acid residues 1030 to 1210 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0295] Human 13305 contains the following regions or other
structural features (for general information regarding PFAM
identifiers, PS prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers,
refer to Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420: a eukaryotic
protein kinase domain (PFAM Accession Number PF00069) located at
about amino acid residues 190 to 411 and 492 to 518 of SEQ ID
NO:89; three transmembrane domains (predicted by MEMSAT, Jones et
al. (1994) Biochemistry 33:3038-3049) at about amino acids 73 to
89, 363 to 387, and 1156 to 1173 of SEQ ID NO:89; ten
N-glycosylation sites (Prosite PS00001) from about amino acids 57
to 60, 111 to 114, 133 to 136, 149 to 152, 262 to 265, 471 to 474,
566 to 569, 570 to 573, 1009 to 1012 and 1045 to 1048 of SEQ ID
NO:89; one glycosaminoglycan attachment sites (Prosite PS00002)
from about amino acids 170 to 173 of SEQ ID NO:89; three
cAMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites (Prosite
PS00004) located at about amino acids 124 to 127, 209 to 212, and
505 to 508 of SEQ ID NO:89; twelve protein kinase C phosphorylation
sites (Prosite PS00005) at about amino acids 20 to 22, 107 to 109,
163 to 165, 211 to 213, 422 to 424, 666 to 668, 843 to 845, 853 to
855, 907 to 909, 1008 to 1010, 1138 to 1140 and 1187 to 1189 of SEQ
ID NO:89; fifteen casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (Prosite
PS00006) located at about amino acids 29 to 32, 37 to 40, 87 to 90,
113 to 116, 169 to 172, 211 to 214, 396 to 399, 441 to 444, 474 to
477, 643 to 646, 856 to 859, 910 to 913, 938 to 941, 967 to 970,
and 1057 to 1060 of SEQ ID NO:89; one tyrosine kinase
phosphorylation site (Prosite PS00007) from about amino acids 452
to 459 of SEQ ID NO:89; seventeen N-myristoylation sites (Prosite
PS00008) from about amino acids 35-40, 54-59, 93-98, 154-159,
310-315, 366-371, 379-384, 419-424, 662-667, 787-792, 800-805,
963-968, 1005-1010, 1019-1024, 1036-1041, 1124-1129 and 1186-1191
of SEQ ID NO:89; one ATP protein kinases ATP-binding region
signature (Prosite PS00107) from about amino acids 196-204 of SEQ
ID NO:89; and one serine-threonine protein kinases active site
signature (Prosite PS00108) from about amino acids 311-323 of SEQ
ID NO:89.
[0296] A hydropathy plot of human 13305 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 300
to 310, from about 361 to 391, and from about 585 to 605 of SEQ ID
NO:89; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 20 to 60, from about 245 to 265, and from
about 220 to 260 of SEQ ID NO:89; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
[0297] The present invention is based, at least in part, on the
discovery of novel molecules, referred to herein as 13305 protein
and nucleic acid molecules, which comprise a family of molecules
having certain conserved structural and functional features.
[0298] One embodiment of the invention features 13305 nucleic acid
molecules, preferably human 13305 molecules, e.g., 13305. The 13305
nucleic acid and protein molecules of the invention are described
in further detail in the following subsections.
[0299] In another embodiment, the isolated proteins of the present
invention, preferably 13305 proteins, are identified based on the
presence of at least Ser/Thr kinase site and at least one
ATP-binding region.
[0300] As used herein, the term "Ser/Thr kinase site" includes an
amino acid sequence of about 200-400 amino acid residues in length,
preferably 200-300 amino acid residues in length, and more
preferably 250-300 amino acid residues in length, which is
conserved in kinases which phosphorylate serine and threonine
residues and found in the catalytic domain of Ser/Thr kinases.
Preferably, the Ser/Thr kinase site includes the following amino
acid consensus sequence
X.sub.9-g-X-G-X.sub.4-V-X.sub.12-K-X-.sub.(10-19)-E-X.sub.66-h-X.sub.8-h--
r-D-X-K-X.sub.2-N-X.sub.17-K-X.sub.2-D-f-g-X.sub.21-p-X.sub.13-w-X.sub.3-g-
-X.sub.55-R-X.sub.14-h-X.sub.3 (SEQ ID NO:91) (where invariant
residues are indicated by upper case letters and nearly invariant
residues are indicated by lower case letters). The nearly invariant
residues are usually found in most Ser/Tbr kinase sites, but can be
replaced by other amino acids which, preferably, have similar
characteristics. For example, a nearly invariant hydrophobic amino
acid in the above amino acid consensus sequence would most likely
be replaced by another hydrophobic amino acid. Ser/Thr kinase
domains are described in, for example, Levin D. E. et al. (1990)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:8272-76, the contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
[0301] As used herein, the term "ATP-binding region" includes an
amino acid sequence of about 20-40, preferably 20-30, and more
preferably 25-30 amino acid residues in length, present in enzymes
which activate their substrates by phosphorylation, and involved in
binding adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP-binding regions
preferably include the following amino acid consensus sequence:
G-X-G-X-X-G-X(15-23)-K (SEQ ID NO:92). ATP-binding regions are
described in, for example, Samuel K. P. et al. (1987) FEBS Let.
218(1): 81-86, the contents of which are incorporated herein by
reference. Amino acid residues 196 to 204 of SEQ ID NO:89 comprise
an ATP-binding region. Amino acid residues 311-323 of the 13305
protein (SEQ ID NO:89) comprise a Ser/Thr kinase domain.
[0302] Isolated proteins of the present invention, preferably 13305
proteins, have an amino acid sequence sufficiently homologous to
the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:89 or are encoded by a
nucleotide sequence sufficiently homologous to SEQ ID NO:88 or SEQ
ID NO:89. The 13305 nucleic acid encodes a polypeptide with
similarities to previously characterized protein kinases. Thus the
13305 encoded polypeptide is expected to be a kinase and function
in the phosphorylation of protein substrates. The 13305 nucleic
acid also encodes a polypeptide with similarities to previously
identified homeodomains. Thus the 13305 encoded polypeptide is
expected to be a kinase and function in the phosphorylation of
proteins involved in interactions with DNA. The homeodomain of
13305 proteins may also be substituted for the homeodomains of
other proteins in known assays based on the "swapping" of such
domains.
[0303] As used interchangeably herein a "13305 activity",
"biological activity of 13305" or "functional activity of 13305",
refers to an activity exerted by a 13305 protein, polypeptide or
nucleic acid molecule on a 13305 responsive cell or a 13305 protein
substrate as determined in vivo, or in vitro, according to standard
techniques. The biological activity of 13305 is described
herein.
[0304] Accordingly, another embodiment of the invention features
isolated 13305 proteins and polypeptides having a 13305 activity.
Preferred proteins are 13305 proteins having at least one Ser/Thr
kinase and at least one ATP-binding region. Additional preferred
proteins have at least one Ser/Thr kinase site, at least one
ATP-binding region, and preferably a 13305 activity. Additional
preferred proteins have at least one Ser/Thr kinase site, at least
one ATP-binding region, and are, preferably, encoded by a nucleic
acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under
stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule
comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:88 or SEQ ID
NO:90.
[0305] A 13305 polypeptide can include at least one, two,
preferably three "transmembrane domains" or regions homologous with
a "transmembrane domain". As used herein, the term "transmembrane
domain" includes an amino acid sequence of about 10 to 40 amino
acid residues in length and spans the plasma membrane.
Transmembrane domains are rich in hydrophobic residues, e.g., at
least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or more of the amino acids of a
transmembrane domain are hydrophobic, e.g., leucines, isoleucines,
tyrosines, or tryptophans. Transmembrane domains typically have
alpha-helical structures and are described in, for example,
Zagotta, W. N. et al., (1996) Annual Rev. Neurosci. 19:235-263, the
contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0306] In a preferred embodiment, a 13305 polypeptide or protein
has at least one, two, preferably three "transmembrane domains" or
regions which includes at least about 12 to 35 more preferably
about 14 to 30 or 15 to 25 amino acid residues and has at least
about 60%, 70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a
"transmembrane domain," e.g., the transmembrane domains of human
13305 (e.g., residues 73-89, 363-387, and 1156-1173 of SEQ ID
NO:89). The transmembrane domain of human 13305 can be visualized
in a hydropathy plot as regions of about 15 to 25 amino acids where
the hydropathy trace is mostly above the horizontal line.
[0307] To identify the presence of a "transmembrane" domain in a
13305 protein sequence, and make the determination that a
polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile, the
amino acid sequence of the protein can be analyzed by a
transmembrane prediction method that predicts the secondary
structure and topology of integral membrane proteins based on the
recognition of topological models (MEMSAT, Jones et al., (1994)
Biochemistry 33:3038-3049).
[0308] A 13305 polypeptide can include at least one, two, three,
preferably four "non-transmembrane regions." As used herein, the
term "non-transmembrane region" includes an amino acid sequence not
identified as a transmembrane domain. The non-transmembrane regions
in 13305 are located at about amino acids 1-72, 90-362, 388-1155,
and 1174-1210 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0309] The non-transmembrane regions of 13305 include at least one,
preferably two cytoplasmic regions. In one embodiment, a
cytoplasmic region of a 13305 protein can include the C-terminus
and can be a "C-terminal cytoplasmic domain," also referred to
herein as a "C-terminal cytoplasmic tail." As used herein, a
"C-terminal cytoplasmic domain" includes an amino acid sequence
having a length of at least about 5, preferably about 5 to 40, more
preferably about 10 to 37 amino acid residues and is located inside
of a cell or within the cytoplasm of a cell. The N-terminal amino
acid residue of a "C-terminal cytoplasmic domain" is adjacent to a
C-terminal amino acid residue of a transmembrane domain in a 13305
protein. For example, a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain is located at
about amino acid residues 1174 to 1210 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0310] In a preferred embodiment, a 13305 polypeptide or protein
has a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain or a region which includes at
least about 5, preferably about 5 to 40, and more preferably about
10 to 37 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%, 70% 80%
90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a C-terminal cytoplasmic
domain," e.g., the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of human 13305
(e.g., residues 1174 to 1210 of SEQ ID NO:89).
[0311] In another embodiment, a 13305 protein includes at least
one, cytoplasmic loop. As used herein, the term "loop" includes an
amino acid sequence that resides outside of a phospholipid
membrane, having a length of at least about 5, preferably about 100
to 300, more preferably about 100 to 273 amino acid residues, and
has an amino acid sequence that connects two transmembrane domains
within a protein or polypeptide. Accordingly, the N-terminal amino
acid of a loop is adjacent to a C-terminal amino acid of a
transmembrane domain in a 13305 molecule, and the C-terminal amino
acid of a loop is adjacent to an N-terminal amino acid of a
transmembrane domain in a 13305 molecule. As used herein, a
"cytoplasmic loop" includes a loop located inside of a cell or
within the cytoplasm of a cell. For example, a "cytoplasmic loop"
can be found at about amino acid residues 90-362 of SEQ ID
NO:89.
[0312] In a preferred embodiment, a 13305 polypeptide or protein
has a cytoplasmic loop or a region which includes at least about 4,
preferably about 5, preferably about 100 to 300, more preferably
about 100 to 273 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%,
70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a cytoplasmic loop,"
e.g., a cytoplasmic loop of human 13305 (e.g., residues 90-362 of
SEQ ID NO:89).
[0313] In another embodiment, a 13305 protein includes at least one
non-cytoplasmic loop. As used herein, a "non-cytoplasmic loop"
includes an amino acid sequence located outside of a cell or within
an intracellular organelle. Non-cytoplasmic loops include
extracellular domains (i.e., outside of the cell) and intracellular
domains (i.e., within the cell). When referring to membrane-bound
proteins found in intracellular organelles (e.g., mitochondria,
endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes microsomes, vesicles, endosomes,
and lysosomes), non-cytoplasmic loops include those domains of the
protein that reside in the lumen of the organelle or the matrix or
the intermembrane space. For example, a "non-cytoplasmic loop" can
be found at about amino acid residues 388-1155 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0314] In a preferred embodiment, a 13305 polypeptide or protein
has at least one non-cytoplasmic loop or a region which includes at
least about 5, preferably about 100 to 800, more preferably about
100 to 768 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%, 70% 80%
90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a "non-cytoplasmic loop," e.g.,
at least one non-cytoplasmic loop of human 13305 (e.g., residues
388-1155 of SEQ ID NO:89).
[0315] The non-transmembrane regions of 13305 include at least one,
"N-terminal extracellular domain." As used herein, an "N-terminal
extracellular domain" includes an amino acid sequence having about
1 to 100, preferably about 1 to 80, more preferably about 1 to 75,
or even more preferably about 1 to 72 amino acid residues in length
and is located outside of a cell or outside the cytoplasm of a
cell. The C-terminal amino acid residue of an "N-terminal
extracellular domain" is adjacent to an N-terminal amino acid
residue of a transmembrane domain in a 13305 protein. For example,
an N-terminal extracellular domain is located at about amino acid
residues 1 to 72 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0316] In a preferred embodiment, a polypeptide or protein has an
N-terminal extracellular domain or a region which includes at least
about 1 to 100, preferably about 1 to 80, more preferably about 1
to 72 amino acid residues and has at least about 60%, 70% 80% 90%
95%, 99%, or 100% homology with an "N-terminal extracellular
domain," e.g., the N-terminal extracellular domain of human 13305
(e.g., residues 1 to 72 of SEQ ID NO:89).
[0317] A 13305 family member can include at least one protein
kinase domain; and at least one, two, three, four, five, six,
preferably seven transmembrane and non-transmembrane domains.
Furthermore, a 13305 family member can include at least one, two,
three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, preferably ten
N-glycosylation sites (PS00001); at least one glycosaminoglycan
attachment site (PS00002); at least one, two, preferably three
cAMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites (Prosite
PS00004); at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight,
nine, ten, eleven, preferably twelve protein kinase C
phosphorylation sites (PS00005); at least one, two, three,
preferably four casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006);
at least one tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site (PS00007); at
least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten,
eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen and preferably fifteen
N-myristoylation sites (PS00008); at least one ATP protein kinases
ATP-binding region signature (PS00107); and at least one
serine-threonine protein kinases active site signature
(PS00108).
[0318] As used herein, the term "kinase domain" includes an amino
acid sequence of about 100 to 275 amino acid residues in length and
having a bit score for the alignment of the sequence to the kinase
domain (HMM) of at least 100. Preferably a kinase domain mediates
intracellular signal transduction. Preferably, a kinase domain
includes at least about 100 to 275 amino acids, more preferably
about 150 to 275 amino acid residues, or about 200 to 275 amino
acids and has a bit score for the alignment of the sequence to the
kinase domain (HMM) of at least 100, 150, 200, 250 or greater. The
kinase domain (amino acids 190-411 and 492-518 of SEQ ID NO:89) of
human 13305 align with a consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID
NO:93-94) derived from a hidden Markov model. The "protein kinase"
domain (HMM) has been assigned the PFAM Accession Number PF00069
and corresponds to about amino acids 190-411 and 492-518 of SEQ ID
NO:89.
[0319] In a preferred embodiment, a 13305 polypeptide or protein
has a "kinase domain" or a region which includes at least about 100
to 215 more preferably about 150 to 275 or 200 to 275 amino acid
residues and has at least about 60%, 70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100%
homology with a "kinase domain," e.g., the kinase domain of human
13305 (e.g., residues 190-411 and 492-518 of SEQ ID NO:89).
[0320] To identify the presence of a "kinase" domain in a 13305
protein sequence, and make the determination that a polypeptide or
protein of interest has a particular profile, the amino acid
sequence of the protein can be searched against the Pfam database
of HMMs (e.g., the Pfam database, release 2.1) using the default
parameters. For example, the hmmsf program, which is available as
part of the HMMER package of search programs, is a family specific
default program for MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is the default
threshold score for determining a hit. Alternatively, the threshold
score for determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to 8 bits). A
description of the Pfam database can be found in Sonhammer et al.
(1997) Proteins 28:405-420 and a detailed description of HMMs can
be found, for example, in Gribskov et al. (1990) Meth. Enzymol.
183:146-159; Gribskov et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531; and
Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci. 2:305-314, the contents of which
are incorporated herein by reference. A search was performed
against the HMM database resulting in the identification of a
"kinase domain" domain in the amino acid sequence of human 13305 at
about residues 190-411 and 492-518 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0321] To identify the presence of a "kinase" domain in a 13305
protein sequence, and make the determination that a polypeptide or
protein of interest has a particular profile, the amino acid
sequence of the protein can be searched against a database of
domains, e.g., the Propom database (Corpet et al. (1999), Nucl.
Acids Res. 27:263-267). The Propom protein domain database consists
of an automatic compilation of homologous domains. Current versions
of Propom are built using recursive PSI-BLAST searches (Altschul S
F et al. (1997) Nucleic Acids Res. 25:3389-3402; Gouzy et al.
(1999) Computers and Chemistry 23:333-340) of the SWISS-PROT 38 and
TREMBL protein databases. The database automatically generates a
consensus sequence for each domain. A BLAST search was performed
against the HMM database resulting in the identification of a
"kinase" domain in the amino acid sequence of human 13305 at about
residues 416-465 of SEQ ID NO:89. The kinase domain is homologous
to Propom family "protein kinase nuclear serine/threonine-protein
homeodomain-interacting homeobox DNA-binding serine/threonine
F20B6.8," SEQ ID NO:95, (Propomain Release 1999.2). The consensus
sequence for SEQ ID NO:95 is 72% identical over amino acids 416-465
of SEQ ID NO: 89. The kinase domain is also homologous to Propom
family "protein kinase nuclear homeodomain-interacting homeobox
DNA-binding serine/threonine serine/threonine-protein," SEQ ID
NO:96-98, (Propomain Release 1999.2). The consensus sequences for
SEQ ID NOs:96-98 are 67%, 25% and 31% identical over amino acids
714 to 848, 720 to 887 and 615 to 667 of SEQ ID NO:89 respectively.
The consensus sequences for SEQ ID NO:99 is 51% identical over
amino acids 1030 to 1210 of SEQ ID NO:89.
[0322] In one embodiment, the 13305 molecules modulate the activity
of one or more proteins involved in cellular growth or
differentiation, e.g., brain, thymus, prostate epithelium, and
fetal liver growth or differentiation. In another embodiment, the
13305 molecules of the present invention are capable of modulating
the phosphorylation state of a 13305 molecule or one or more
proteins involved in cellular growth or differentiation.
[0323] Additionally, 13305 nucleic acids and proteins have homology
to known homeoboxes and homeodomains, respectively. Thus 13305
proteins are expected to exhibit DNA binding activity, in addition
to kinase activity, under appropriate conditions. Without being
bound by theory, 13305 protein may play a role in cellular function
by being directed to appropriate locations based on the presence of
the homeodomain, followed by providing its kinase activity to
phosphorylate particular polypeptides at such locations. Possible
roles for 13305 protein include developmental regulation.
[0324] Since the 13305 nucleic acid was found by TaqMan analysis to
be expressed in cells of the brain, thymus, prostate epithelium,
and fetal liver, the encoded protein kinase is at least expected to
catalyze cell type specific phosphorylation reactions in those
cells.
[0325] Additionally, the 13305 encoded protein kinase has homology
to a mouse kinase orthologue. Thus, without being bound by theory,
the 13305 kinase may be a human analogue of the mouse kinase.
[0326] As used herein, the term "protein kinase" includes a protein
or polypeptide which is capable of modulating its own
phosphorylation state or the phosphorylation state of another
protein or polypeptide. Protein kinases can have a specificity for
(i.e., a specificity to phosphorylate) serine/threonine residues,
tyrosine residues, or both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues,
e.g., the dual specificity kinases. As referred to herein, protein
kinases preferably include a catalytic domain of about 200-400
amino acid residues in length, preferably about 200-300 amino acid
residues in length, or more preferably about 250-300 amino acid
residues in length, which includes preferably 5-20, more preferably
5-15, or preferably 11 highly conserved motifs or subdomains
separated by sequences of amino acids with reduced or minimal
conservation. Specificity of a protein kinase for phosphorylation
of either tyrosine or serine/threonine can be predicted by the
sequence of two of the subdomains (VIb and VIII) in which different
residues are conserved in each class (as described in, for example,
Hanks et al. (1988) Science 241:42-52) the contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference). These subdomains are also
described in further detail herein. Preferably, the kinases of the
invention are serine/threonine kinases.
[0327] Protein kinases play a role in signalling pathways
associated with cellular growth. For example, protein kinases are
involved in the regulation of signal transmission from cellular
receptors, e.g., growth-factor receptors; entry of cells into
mitosis; and the regulation of cytoskeleton function, e.g., actin
bundling. Thus, the 13305 molecules of the present invention may be
involved in: 1) the regulation of transmission of signals from
cellular receptors, e.g., cardiac cell growth factor receptors; 2)
the modulation of the entry of cells into mitosis; 3) the
modulation of cellular differentiation; 4) the modulation of cell
death; and 5) the regulation of cytoskeleton function, e.g., actin
bundling.
[0328] Further, 13305 molecules have been found by TaqMan analysis
to be highly expressed in human bone marrow erythrocytes (GPA+
cells) and the human erythroleukemia cell line, K562, and has
significant expression in GPA (low), erythroid progenitor cells.
During erythroid differentiation, the expression of 13305 is
regulated and 13305 has highest expression in terminally
differentiated erythrocytes, which is expected for a kinase that
negatively regulates cell growth. Inhibition of some
dual-specificity kinases has been shown to enhance erythroid cell
differentiation. As such, the 13305 molecules of the invention may
play role in the regulation of erythroid cell growth,
differentiation or both. For example, and without being bound by
theory, it is expected that inhibition of 13305 activity in human
bone marrow progenitor cells may lead to enhanced erythroid cell
differentiation.
[0329] Additionally, 13305 molecules have been found to be
overexpressed in tumor cells. Specifically, TaqMan analysis can be
used to compare the expression levels in lung tumor cell lines
versus a normal control and in multiple tumor cells versus normal
tissue. Also, 13305 has shown increased expression in the A549
tumor cell line in S-phase (t=3). Without being bound by theory, it
is likely that 13305 may be mutated and rendered inactive in tumor
cells. Increased cell proliferation seen in tumor cells may be
result of inactivity of 13305. Further, 13305 molecules may serve
as specific and novel identifiers of such tumor cells.
[0330] Further, inhibition or over stimulation of the activity of
protein kinases involved in signalling pathways associated with
cellular growth can lead to perturbed cellular growth, which can in
turn lead to cellular growth related disorders. As used herein, a
"cellular growth related disorder" includes a disorder, disease, or
condition characterized by a deregulation, e.g., an upregulation or
a downregulation, of cellular growth. Cellular growth deregulation
may be due to a deregulation of cellular proliferation, cell cycle
progression, cellular differentiation and/or cellular
hypertrophy.
[0331] Aberrant expression and/or activity of 13305 molecules may
mediate disorders associated with bone metabolism
[0332] The 13305 nucleic acid and protein of the invention can be
used to treat and/or diagnose a variety of immune disorders.
[0333] Disorders which may be treated or diagnosed by methods
described herein include, but are not limited to, disorders
associated with an accumulation in the liver of fibrous tissue,
such as that resulting from an imbalance between production and
degradation of the extracellular matrix accompanied by the collapse
and condensation of preexisting fibers.
[0334] Additionally, 13305 may play an important role in the
etiology of certain viral diseases and in the regulation of
metabolism.
[0335] The 13305 molecules provide novel diagnostic targets and
therapeutic agents to control pain in a variety of disorders,
diseases, or conditions which are characterized by a deregulated,
e.g., upregulated or downregulated, pain response.
Expression and Tissue Distribution of 13305
[0336] TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the
presence of RNA transcript corresponding to human 13305 in several
tissues. It was found that the corresponding orthologs of 13305 are
expressed in a variety of tissues. The presence of RNA transcript
corresponding to human 13305 in RNA prepared from tumor and normal
tissues was detected.
[0337] Transcriptional profiling results show an increased
expression of 13305 mRNA in the lung tumor cell line, H460, in
comparison with a normal human bronchial epithelium (NHBE) control.
They also show the differential expression of 13305 RNA, in
comparison with a NHBE control, in various lung tumor cell
lines.
[0338] The expression of 13305 relative to the progression of cells
through the cell cycle shows increased expression of 13305 RNA in
S-phase (t=3) of the cell cycle in A549 cells.
[0339] Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the
presence of RNA transcript corresponding to human 13305 in RNA
prepared from tumor and normal tissues. Relative expression levels
of the 13305 was assessed in breast, lung, colon and brain cells
using TaqMan PCR and increased expression was found in 6/6 lung
tumors, 3/8 breast tumors, and 3/4 colon tumor metastases in
comparison to normal tissue controls. There is ubiquitous relative
expression levels of 13305 in various tissues with significant
expression in human fetal liver, thymus, prostate epithelial and
brain cells.
[0340] In a hematology panel, there was expression of 13305 in
human bone marrow erythrocytes (GPA+ cells), erythroid cells and
the human erythroleukemia cell line, K562.
[0341] In another hematology panel, there was expression of 13305
in human bone marrow GPA+ cells and significant expression in GPA
(low), erythroid progenitor cells.
[0342] Expression profiling results using in situ hybridization
techniques have shown that 13305 mRNA has been detected in human
lung and colon tumors. Low to moderate positive expression of 13305
has been shown in 3/3 lung tumor samples in comparison with 1/1 in
normal lung tissue samples. Also, 13305 has been shown to be highly
expressed in 4/4 primary colon tumor samples, and 2/3 colon tumor
metastases, but not normal colon tissue samples (0/2).
[0343] As seen by these results, 13305 molecules have been found to
be overexpressed in some tumor cells, and is presumably present in
a mutated state and thus inactive. As such, 13305 molecules may
serve as specific and novel identifiers of such tumor cells.
Further, inhibitors of the 13305 molecules are also useful for the
treatment of cancer, preferably lung cancer, and useful as a
diagnostic.
Human 14911
[0344] The present invention is based, at least in part, on the
discovery of novel molecules, referred to herein as "14911" nucleic
acid and polypeptide molecules, which play a role in or function in
the transduction of signals for cell proliferation, differentiation
and apoptosis.
[0345] The human 14911 sequence (SEQ ID NO:100), which is
approximately 1281 nucleotides in length, contains a predicted
methionine-initiated coding sequence of about 1188 nucleotides, not
including the termination codon (nucleotides 49-1236 of SEQ ID
NO:100; 1-1188 of SEQ ID NO:102. The coding sequence encodes a 396
amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:101).
[0346] A plasmid containing the nucleotide sequence encoding human
14911 was deposited with American Type Culture Collection (ATCC),
10801 University Boulevard, Manassas, Va. 20110-2209, on Jun. 7,
2001 and assigned Accession Number PTA-3435. This deposit will be
maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the
International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the
Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a
convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission
that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.112.
[0347] A hydropathy plot of human 14911 shows relative hydrophobic
residues and relative hydrophilic residues. The cysteine residues
(cys) and N-glycosylation sites (Ngly) are also indicated.
[0348] The prediction of protein subcellular localization sites
using PSORT software predicts the protein to be nuclear, followed
by cytoplasmic or mitochondrial.
[0349] Results from the Prosite database of protein families and
domains identify biologically significant sites. Human 14911
contains the following regions or other structural features: two
N-glycosylation sites (PS00001) located at about amino acid
residues 4 to 7 and 43 to 46 of SEQ ID NO:101; five protein kinase
C phosphorylation sites (PS00005) located at about amino acid
residues 5 to 7, 45 to 47, 122 to 124, 193 to 195 and 230 to 232 of
SEQ ID NO:101; three casein kinase II phosproylation sites
(PS00006) located at about amino acid residues 89 to 92, 212 to 215
and 230 to 233; three N-myristoylation sties (PS00008) located at
about amino acid residues 2 to 7, 197 to 202 and 391 to 396 of SEQ
ID NO:101; one amidation site (PS00009) located at about amino acid
residues 218 to 221 of SEQ ID NO:101; one protein kinases
ATP-binding region signature (PS00107) located at about amino acid
residues 29 to 37 of SEQ ID NO:101; and one serine/threonine
protein kinases active site signature (PS00108) located at about
amino acid residues 142 to 154 of SEQ ID NO:101.
[0350] A PFAM search finds an "eukaryotic protein kinase domain"
and a "protein kinase C terminal domain" within human 14911. Amino
acid residues 1 to 278 of the "eukaryotic protein kinase domain"
consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:105) align with amino acid
residues 23 to 281 of SEQ ID NO:101. Amino acid residues 1 to 20 of
the "protein kinase C terminal domain" consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:106) align with amino acid residues 282 to 301
of SEQ ID NO:101.
[0351] Finally, a search of the Propom protein domain database
identifies homologous domains. The "kinase protein transferase
ATP-binding serine/threonine-protein phosphorylation receptor
tyrosine-protein precursor transmembrane" consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NOs:107-110) align with amino acid residues 23 to
71, 126 to 159, 172 to 312 and 250 to 280 of SEQ ID NO:101 over
four HSPs. The "M03C11.1 protein" consensus amino acid sequence
(SEQ ID NO:111) aligns with amino acid residues 280 to 372 of SEQ
ID NO:101. The "F8K4.6 protein" consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ
ID NO:112) aligns with amino acid residues 244 to 318 of SEQ ID
NO:101.
[0352] In one embodiment, the 14911 molecules modulate the activity
of one or more proteins involved in cellular growth or
differentiation, e.g., cell growth or differentiation. In another
embodiment, the 14911 molecules of the present invention are
capable of modulating the phosphorylation state of a 14911 molecule
or one or more proteins involved in cellular growth or
differentiation.
[0353] In another embodiment, the isolated proteins of the present
invention, preferably 14911 proteins, are identified based on the
presence of at least one Ser/Thr kinase site and at least one ATP
binding region.
[0354] As used herein, the term "Ser/Thr kinase site" includes an
amino acid sequence of about 200-400 amino acid residues in length,
preferably 200-300 amino acid residues in length, and more
preferably 250-300 amino acid residues in length, which is
conserved in kinases which phosphorylate serine and threonine
residues and found in the catalytic domain of Ser/Thr kinases.
Preferably, the Ser/Tbr kinase site includes the following amino
acid consensus sequence
X.sub.9-g-X-G-X.sub.4-V-X.sub.12-K-X-.sub.(10-19)-E-X.sub.66-h-X.sub.8-h--
r-D-X-K-X.sub.2-N-X.sub.17-K-X.sub.2-D-f-g-X.sub.21-p-X.sub.13-w-X.sub.3-g-
-X.sub.55-R-X.sub.14-h-X.sub.3 (SEQ ID NO:103) (where invariant
residues are indicated by upper case letters and nearly invariant
residues are indicated by lower case letters). The nearly invariant
residues are usually found in most Ser/Thr kinase sites, but can be
replaced by other amino acids which, preferably, have similar
characteristics. For example, a nearly invariant hydrophobic amino
acid in the above amino acid consensus sequence would most likely
be replaced by another hydrophobic amino acid. Ser/Thr kinase
domains are described in, for example, Levin D. E. et al. (1990)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:8272-76, the contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
[0355] As used herein, the term "ATP-binding region" includes an
amino acid sequence of about 20-40, preferably 20-30, and more
preferably 25-30 amino acid residues in length, present in enzymes
which activate their substrates by phosphorylation, and involved in
binding adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP-binding regions
preferably include the following amino acid consensus sequence:
G-X-G-X-X-G-X(15-23)-K (SEQ ID NO:104). ATP-binding regions are
described in, for example, Samuel K. P. et al. (1987) FEBS Let.
218(1): 81-86, the contents of which are incorporated herein by
reference. Amino acid residues 31 to 39 of SEQ ID NO:101 comprise
an ATP-binding region. Amino acid residues 144-156 of the 14911
protein (SEQ ID NO:101) comprise a Ser/Thr kinase domain.
[0356] The nucleic acid encodes a polypeptide with similarities
known Ser/Thr kinases. Thus the 14911 encoded polypeptide is
expected to be a kinase and function in the phosphorylation of
protein substrates. Additionally, the 14911 nucleic acids can be
used in known or novel screens and assays for kinase encoding
nucleic acids to distinguish it from other distinct nucleic acids.
Alternatively, the nucleic acid sequences can be used in the
preparation of phylogenetic trees and relationships between
organisms.
[0357] As used interchangeably herein a "14911 activity",
"biological activity of 14911" or "functional activity of 14911",
refers to an activity exerted by a 14911 protein, polypeptide or
nucleic acid molecule on a 14911 responsive cell or a 14911 protein
substrate as determined in vivo, or in vitro, according to standard
techniques. The biological activity of 14911 is described
herein.
[0358] Accordingly, another embodiment of the invention features
isolated 14911 proteins and polypeptides having a 14911 activity.
Preferred proteins are 14911 proteins having at least one Ser/Thr
kinase and at least one ATP-binding region. Additional preferred
proteins have at least one Ser/Thr kinase site, at least one
ATP-binding region, and preferably a 14911 activity. Additional
preferred proteins have at least one Ser/Thr kinase site, at least
one ATP-binding region, and are, preferably, encoded by a nucleic
acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under
stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule
comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:100 or SEQ ID
NO:102.
[0359] As used herein, the term "protein kinase" includes a protein
or polypeptide which is capable of modulating its own
phosphorylation state or the phosphorylation state of another
protein or polypeptide. Protein kinases can have a specificity for
(i.e., a specificity to phosphorylate) serine/threonine residues,
tyrosine residues, or both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues,
e.g., the dual specificity kinases. As referred to herein, protein
kinases preferably include a catalytic domain of about 200-400
amino acid residues in length, preferably about 200-300 amino acid
residues in length, or more preferably about 250-300 amino acid
residues in length, which includes preferably 5-20, more preferably
5-15, or preferably 11 highly conserved motifs or subdomains
separated by sequences of amino acids with reduced or minimal
conservation. Specificity of a protein kinase for phosphorylation
of either tyrosine or serine/threonine can be predicted by the
sequence of two of the subdomains (VIb and VIII) in which different
residues are conserved in each class (as described in, for example,
Hanks et al. (1988) Science 241:42-52) the contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference). These subdomains are also
described in further detail herein.
[0360] Protein kinases play a role in signaling pathways associated
with cellular growth. For example, protein kinases are involved in
the regulation of signal transmission from cellular receptors,
e.g., growth-factor receptors; entry of cells into mitosis; and the
regulation of cytoskeleton function, e.g., actin bundling. Thus,
the 14911 molecules of the present invention may be involved in: 1)
the regulation of transmission of signals from cellular receptors,
e.g., growth factor receptors; 2) the modulation of the entry of
cells into mitosis; 3) the modulation of cellular differentiation;
4) the modulation of cell death; and 5) the regulation of
cytoskeleton function.
[0361] Additionally, and without being bound by theory, 14911
molecules have been found by TaqMan analysis to be overexpressed in
tumor cells, where the molecules may be inappropriately propagating
either cell proliferation or cell survival signals. As such, 14911
molecules may serve as specific and novel identifiers of such tumor
cells. Further, inhibitors of the 14911 molecules are also useful
for the treatment of cancer, preferably lung cancer, and useful as
a diagnostic.
[0362] Inhibition or over stimulation of the activity of protein
kinases involved in signaling pathways associated with cellular
growth can lead to perturbed cellular growth, which can in turn
lead to cellular growth related disorders. As used herein, a
"cellular growth related disorder" includes a disorder, disease, or
condition characterized by a deregulation, e.g., an upregulation or
a downregulation, of cellular growth. Cellular growth deregulation
may be due to a deregulation of cellular proliferation, cell cycle
progression, cellular differentiation and/or cellular
hypertrophy.
[0363] The present invention is based, at least in part, on the
discovery of novel molecules, referred to herein as 14911 protein
and nucleic acid molecules, which comprise a family of molecules
having certain conserved structural and functional features.
[0364] One embodiment of the invention features 14911 nucleic acid
molecules, preferably human 14911 molecules, e.g., 14911. The 14911
nucleic acid and protein molecules of the invention are described
in further detail in the following subsections.
Expression and Tissue Distribution of 14911
[0365] TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the
presence of RNA transcript corresponding to human 14911 in several
tissues. It was found that the corresponding orthologs of 14911 are
expressed in a variety of tissues.
[0366] Relative expression levels of the 14911 was assessed in
brain and lung cells using TaqMan PCR and increased expression was
found in 2/5 lung tumor cell lines in comparison to a normal human
bronchial epithelium (NHBE) control; 5/8 lung tumor samples in
comparison to normal lung tissues; and 3/3 glioma samples in
comparison to normal brain tissues. The relative expression levels
and tissue distribution of the 14911 RNA was also assessed in a
panel of human tissues or cells, including but not limited to
heart, brain, breast, ovary, pancreas, prostate, colon, kidney,
liver, fetal liver, lung, spleen, tonsil, lymph node, epithelial,
endothelial, skeletal, fibroblasts, skin, adipose, bone cells
(e.g., osteoclasts and osteoblasts), among others.
[0367] Expression profiling results using in situ hybridization
techniques have shown that 14911 mRNA has been detected in human
colon, lung, brain and breast tumors. Positive expression of 14911
has been shown in 2/4 lung tumors in comparison with lack of
expression, 0/2, in normal lung tissue samples. Further, 14911 has
been shown to be expressed both in tumors and normal tissues,
specifically in 1/4 colon tumors and 1/1 normal colon tissue
samples; 1/2 breast tumors and 1/1 normal breast tissue samples;
and 1/3 brain tumors and 2/2 normal brain tissue samples.
[0368] As seen by these results, 14911 molecules have been found to
be overexpressed in some tumor cells, where the molecules may be
inappropriately propagating either cell proliferation or cell
survival signals. As such, 14911 molecules may serve as specific
and novel identifiers of such tumor cells. Further, inhibitors of
the 14911 molecules are also useful for the treatment of cancer,
preferably lung cancer, and useful as a diagnostic.
Human 86216
[0369] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
a novel DEAD helicase family member, referred to herein as
"86216".
[0370] The human 86216 sequence (SEQ ID NO:113), which is
approximately 3577 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
2337 nucleotides, not including the termination codon (nucleotides
47-2383 of SEQ ID NO:113; 1-2337 of SEQ ID NO:115). The coding
sequence encodes a 779 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:114).
[0371] Human 86216 contains the following regions or other
structural features (for general information regarding PFAM
identifiers, PS prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers,
refer to Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420: a DEAD domain
(PFAM Accession Number PF00270) located at about amino acid
residues 117 to 231 of SEQ ID NO:114; a helicase c domain (PFAM
Accession Number PF00271) located at about amino acid residues 300
to 401 of SEQ ID NO:114; a helicase RNA ATP dependent splicing
domain (Propom No. PD117102) located at about amino acid residues
213 to 300 of SEQ ID NO:114; one DEAH-box subfamily ATP-dependent
helicases signature (SEQ ID NO:120) located at about amino acids
168 to 177 of SEQ ID NO:114; one ATP/GTP binding site motif A
(P-loop) located at about amino acids 76 to 83 of SEQ ID NO:114;
two N-glycosylation sites (Prosite PS00001) located at about amino
acids 163 to 166 and 346 to 349 of SEQ ID NO:114; three
cAMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites (Prosite
PS00004) located at about amino acids 427 to 430, 721 to 724, and
775 to 778 of SEQ ID NO:114; eight protein kinase C phosphorylation
sites (Prosite PS00005) located at about amino acids 80 to 82, and
140 to 142, 394 to 396, 402 to 404, 437 to 439, 676 to 678, 724 to
726, and 774 to 776 of SEQ ID NO:114; nine casein kinase II
phosphorylation sites (Prosite PS00006) located at about amino
acids 43 to 46, 140 to 143, 308 to 311, 386 to 389, 485 to 488, 663
to 666, 724 to 727, 752 to 755, and 774 to 777 of SEQ ID NO:114;
two tyrosine kinase phosphorylation sites (Prosite PS00007) located
at about amino acids 248 to 255, and 526 to 532 of SEQ ID NO:114;
six N-myristoylation sites (Prosite PS00008) located at about amino
acids 48 to 53, 76 to 81, 127 to 132, 320 to 325, 337 to 342, and
567 to 572 of SEQ ID NO:114.
[0372] A hydropathy plot of human 86216 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 205
to 225, from about 425 to 435, and from about 505 to 515 of SEQ ID
NO:114; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
from about amino acid 190 to 200, from about 530 to 540, and from
about 710 to 730 of SEQ ID NO:114; a sequence which includes a Cys,
or a glycosylation site.
[0373] The 86216 protein contains a significant number of
structural characteristics in common with members of the DEAD
helicase family. For example 86216 polypeptides of the invention
contain at least one DEAD domain, and at least one helicase-c
domain.
[0374] As used herein, the term "DEAD helicase" includes a protein
or polypeptide which is capable of ATP-dependent nucleic acid
unwinding in eukaryotic cells.
[0375] Members of a DEAD helicase family of proteins in addition to
their ability to unwind nucleic acids, are also involved in RNA
metabolism, nuclear transcription, pre mRNA splicing, ribosome
biogenesis, nucleocytoplasmic transport, translation, RNA decay,
and organellar gene expression. The members of the DEAD superfamily
share a number of conserved sequence motifs with those of the
helicases superfamily. One of these motifs is the D-E-A-D- box,
which is a version of a motif of ATP-binding proteins. Another
subfamily of the ATP-dependent helicases has a conserved histidine
instead of aspartic acid, and is referred to as a D-E-A-H box.
[0376] In addition, many proteins that bind ATP or GTP (e.g., DEAD
helicases) share a glycine-rich region, which typically forms a
flexible loop between a beta-strand and an alpha-helix. This loop
interacts with one of the phosphate groups of the nucleotide. This
sequence motif is generally referred to as the `A` consensus
sequence or the `P-loop`.
[0377] An alignment of the 86216 protein with a human RNA helicase
gene of the DEAH-box protein family (SwissProt accession number
O43143, corresponding to O43143 in Genbank) demonstrates about
38.1% sequence identity between the two sequences (as calculated in
matblas from the blosum62.iij matrix).
[0378] A 86216 polypeptide can include a "DEAD domain" or regions
homologous with a "DEAD domain". A 86216 polypeptide can further
include a "helicase-c domain" or regions homologous with a
"helicase-c," and at least one DEAH-box subfamily ATP-dependent
helicases signature region.
[0379] A CLUSTAL W alignment shows amino acids 1 to 780 of human
86216 (SEQ ID NO:114) aligns with a human RNA helicase gene of the
DEAH-box protein family, corresponding to amino acid residues 51 to
795 of SwissProt accession number O43143 in Genbank (SEQ ID
NO:119). CLUSTAL W (v 1.74; Thompson et al. (1994) Nuc. Acids Res.
22:4673-80) uses dynamically varied gap penalties for progressive
sequence alignments.
[0380] As used herein, the term "DEAD domain" includes an amino
acid sequence of at least about 50 amino acid residues in length
and having a bit score for the alignment of the sequence to the
DEAD domain (HMM) of at least 1. Preferably a DEAD domain mediates
ATP-dependent unwinding of nucleic acid. Preferably, a DEAD domain
includes at least about 50 to 200 amino acids, more preferably
about 75 to 150 amino acid residues, or most preferably about 90 to
120 amino acids and has a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the DEAD domain (HMM) of at least 1, more preferably 3,
and most preferably 4 or greater. A characteristic of the DEAD
domain is the D-E-A-D- box, which is a conserved region
characteristic of ATP-dependent helicases.
[0381] The DEAD domain can include a DEAH-box subfamily
ATP-dependent helicases signature:
[GSAH]-X-[LIVMF](3)-D-E-[ALIV]-H-[NECR] (SEQ ID NO:120).
[0382] In addition to the DEAH box subfamily ATP-dependent
helicases signature in the DEAD domain, proteins belonging to this
family of helicases also have an ATP/GTP-binding motif `A` (P-loop)
signature: [AG]-X(4)-G-K-[ST] (SEQ ID NO:121).
[0383] In the above conserved signature sequences, and other motifs
or signature sequences described herein, the standard IUPAC
one-letter code for the amino acids is used. Each element in the
pattern is separated by a dash (-); square brackets ([ ]) indicate
the particular residues that are accepted at that position; x
indicates that any residue is accepted at that position; and
numbers in parentheses (O) indicate the number of residues
represented by the accompanying amino acid.
[0384] The DEAD domain (HMM) has been assigned the PFAM Accession
Number PF00270. An alignment of the DEAD domain of human 86216 with
a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a hidden Markov model
(HMM) from PFAM (SEQ ID NO:116) is derived from the hidden Markov
model from Pfam and has a has a bit score of about 4.3.
[0385] The consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:116),
corresponds to amino acids 117 to 231 of SEQ ID NO:114.
[0386] In a preferred embodiment, a 86216 polypeptide or protein
has a "DEAD domain" or a region which includes at least about 50 to
200 amino acids, more preferably about 75 to 150 amino acid
residues, or most preferably about 90 to 120 amino acid residues
and has at least about 60%, 70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology
with a "DEAD domain," e.g., the DEAD domain of human 86216 (e.g.,
residues 117 to 231 of SEQ ID NO:114).
[0387] A 86216 polypeptide can include a "helicase-c domain" or
regions homologous with a "helicase-c domain". As used herein, the
term "helicase-c domain" includes an amino acid sequence of at
least about 50 amino acid residues in length and having a bit score
for the alignment of the sequence to the helicase-c domain (HMM) of
at least 1. Preferably a helicase-c domain is not restricted to the
DEAD/DEAH helicases, and may be found in a wide variety of
helicases and helicase related proteins. Preferably, a helicase-c
domain includes at least about 50 to 150 amino acids, more
preferably about 75 to 125 amino acid residues, or most preferably
about 90 to 110 amino acids and has a bit score for the alignment
of the sequence to the helicase-c domain (HMM) of at least -15,
more preferably -10, and most preferably -5 or greater.
[0388] The helicase-c domain (HMM) has been assigned the PFAM
Accession Number PF00271. An alignment of the helicase-c domain
(amino acids 300 to 401 of SEQ ID NO:114) of human 86216 with the
Pfam helicase-c consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:117)
derived from a hidden Markov model yields a bit score of about
-5.3
[0389] In a preferred embodiment, a 86216 polypeptide or protein
has a "helicase-c domain" or a region which includes at least about
50 to 150 amino acids, more preferably about 75 to 125 amino acid
residues, or most preferably about 90 to 110 amino acid residues
and has at least about 60%, 70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology
with a "helicase-c domain," e.g., the helicase-c domain of human
86216 (e.g., residues 300 to 401 of SEQ ID NO:114).
[0390] To identify the presence of a "helicase-c" domain, and a
"DEAD" domain in a 86216 protein sequence, and make the
determination that a polypeptide or protein of interest has a
particular profile, the amino acid sequence of the protein can be
searched against the Pfam database of HMMs (e.g., the Pfam
database, release 2.1) using the default parameters. For example,
the hmmsf program, which is available as part of the HMMER package
of search programs, is a family specific default program for
MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is the default threshold score for
determining a hit. Alternatively, the threshold score for
determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to 8 bits). A description
of the Pfam database can be found in Sonhammer et al. (1997)
Proteins 28:405-420 and a detailed description of HMMs can be
found, for example, in Gribskov et al. (1990) Meth. Enzymol.
183:146-159; Gribskov et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531; and
Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci. 2:305-314, the contents of which
are incorporated herein by reference. A search was performed
against the HMM database resulting in the identification of a
"helicase-c" domain in the amino acid sequence of human 86216 at
about residues 300-401 of SEQ ID NO:114, and a "DEAD" domain in the
sequence of human 86216 at about amino acid residues 117 to 231 of
SEQ ID NO:114.
[0391] For further identification of domains, to identify the
presence of a "helicase-c" domain in a 86216 protein sequence, and
make the determination that a polypeptide or protein of interest
has a particular profile, the amino acid sequence of the protein
can be searched against a database of domains, e.g., the Propom
database (Corpet et al. (1999), Nucl. Acids Res. 27:263-267). The
Propom protein domain database consists of an automatic compilation
of homologous domains. Current versions of Propom are built using
recursive PSI-BLAST searches (Altschul et al. (1997) Nucleic Acids
Res. 25:3389-3402; Gouzy et al. (1999) Computers and Chemistry
23:333-340) of the SWISS-PROT 38 and TREMBL protein databases. The
database automatically generates a consensus sequence for each
domain.
[0392] A BLAST search was performed against the HMM database
Propomain Release 2001.1; resulting in the identification of a
"Helicase RNA ATP-independent" No. PD117102 domain (SEQ ID NO:118)
in the amino acid sequence of human 86216 at about residues 213 to
301 of SEQ ID NO:114.
[0393] A 86216 family member can include at least one DEAD domain,
and at least one helicase c domain. A 86216 family member can
include at least one ATP/GTP binding site motif `A` (P-loop)
(Prosite PS00017), and at least one DEAH-box subfamily
ATP-dependent helicase signature (Prosite PS00690).
[0394] Furthermore, a 86216 family member can include at least one,
preferably two N-glycosylation site (Prosite PS00001); at least
one, two, three, preferably four cAMP/cGMP protein kinase
phosphorylation sites (Prosite PS00004); at least one, two, three,
five, six, seven, preferably protein kinase C phosphorylation sites
(Prosite PS00005); at least one, two, three, four, five, six,
seven, eight, preferably nine casein kinase II phosphorylation
sites (Prosite PS00006); at least one, preferably two tyrosine
kinase phosphorylation sites (Prosite PS00007) and at least one,
two, three, four, five, preferably six N-myristoylation sites
(Prosite PS00008).
[0395] As the 86216 polypeptides of the invention can modulate
86216-mediated activities, they can be useful for developing novel
diagnostic and therapeutic agents for DEAD helicase-associated or
other 86216-associated disorders, as described below.
[0396] As used herein, a "DEAD helicase-associated activity"
includes an activity which involves ATP-dependent, nucleic acid
unwinding. Members of the DEAD helicase family can play a role in
Bloom's syndrome, which is an autosomal recessive disorder
associated with a predisposition to cancers of many types. Cells
from those afflicted with Bloom's syndrome display extreme genomic
instability. Helicase also may be implicated in Werner's syndrome
(WS) another rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by
premature aging. Helicases may also have a role in breast cancer,
wherein a member of the DEAH helicase family bearing a mutation in
a residue (a residue known to be essential for catalytic function
in other helicases), interferes with normal double-strand break
repair.
[0397] As used herein, a "86216 activity", "biological activity of
86216" or "functional activity of 86216", refers to an activity
exerted by a 86216 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule on
e.g., a 86216-responsive cell or on a 86216 substrate, e.g., a
protein substrate, as determined in vivo or in vitro. In one
embodiment, a 86216 activity is a direct activity, such as an
association with a 86216 target molecule. A "target molecule" or
"binding partner" is a molecule with which a 86216 protein binds or
interacts in nature. In an exemplary embodiment, 86216 is a
helicase, e.g., a BACH1 helicase-like protein, which interacts
directly with BRCA1 and contributes to its DNA repair (Cantor, S B
et. al., (2001) Cell Apr 6; 105(1): 149-60) and thus binds to or
interacts in nature with a molecule (or protein substrate), e.g., a
nucleic acid binding protein.
[0398] A 86216 activity can also be an indirect activity, e.g., a
cellular signaling activity mediated by interaction of the 86216
protein with a 86216 receptor. Based on the above-described
sequence structures and similarities to molecules of known
function, the 86216 molecules of the present invention can have
similar biological activities as DEAD helicase family members. For
example, the 86216 proteins of the present invention can have the
ability to modulate any one or more of the following activities:
(1) ATP dependent nucleic acid unwinding (2) the ability to
modulate cellular proliferative disorders (e.g., proliferative
disorders of the breast (e.g., breast cancer (e.g., proliferative
disorders of mammary epithelial cells) Bloom's syndrome, or Werners
syndrome)); (3) RNA metabolism (e.g., nuclear transcription, and
mRNA splicing); (4) nucleocytoplasmic transport; and (5) RNA decay
and organellar expression.
[0399] The 86216 molecules of the invention can modulate the
activities of cells in tissues where they are expressed. For
example, TaqMan analysis shows 86216 mRNA is expressed in the
mammary epithelial cell line MCF10A. Thus, the 86216 molecules can
be used to treat breast disorders (i.e., proliferative cell
disorders of the breast) in part because the 86216 mRNA is
expressed in breast derived cells.
[0400] Thus, the 86216 molecules can act as novel diagnostic
targets and therapeutic agents for controlling one or more
disorders of the breast or other DEAD helicase disorders. As used
herein, "DEAD helicase disorders" are diseases or disorders whose
pathogenesis is caused by, is related to, or is associated with
aberrant or deficient DEAD helicase protein function or expression.
Examples of such disorders, e.g., DEAD helicase-associated or other
86216-associated disorders, include but are not limited to breast
disorders and cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders.
[0401] The 86216 molecules can be used to treat breast disorders in
part because DEAD helicase family members are found in mammary
epithelial cells.
[0402] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders include cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma, metastatic
disorders or hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g., leukemias. A
metastatic tumor can arise from a multitude of primary tumor types,
including but not limited to those of prostate, colon, lung, breast
and liver origin.
[0403] The 86216 molecules of the invention can be used to monitor,
treat and/or diagnose a variety of proliferative disorders. Such
disorders include hematopoietic neoplastic disorders.
Gene Expression Analysis of 86216
[0404] Human 86216 expression was measured by TaqMan.RTM.
quantitative PCR (Perkin Elmer Applied Biosystems) in cDNA prepared
from a variety of normal and diseased (e.g., cancerous) human
tissues or cell lines.
[0405] The results indicate significant 86216 expression in the
mammary epithelial cell line MCF10a.
Human 25206
[0406] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
a novel short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, referred to herein as
"25206".
[0407] The human 25206 sequence (SEQ ID NO:122), which is
approximately 1649 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
858 nucleotides (nucleotides 213-1070 of SEQ ID NO:122; 1-858 of
SEQ ID NO:124), not including the termination codon. The coding
sequence encodes a 286 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:123).
[0408] The human 25206 protein of SEQ ID NO:123 includes an
amino-terminal hydrophobic amino acid sequence, consistent with a
signal sequence, of about 19 amino acids (from amino acid 1 to
about amino acid 19 of SEQ ID NO:123), which upon cleavage results
in the production of a mature protein form of 267 amino acids (from
about amino acid 20 to about amino acid 286 of SEQ ID NO:123).
[0409] An alignment of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase
domain of human 25206 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived
from a hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus
amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:125) aligns with amino acids 30 to
216 of SEQ ID NO:123.
[0410] Human 25206 contains the following regions or other
structural features: a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase domain
(PFAM Accession Number PF00106) located at about amino acid
residues 30 to 216 of SEQ ID NO:123, which includes a short-chain
alcohol dehydrogenase family signature (PS00061) located at about
amino acid residues 178 to 188 of SEQ ID NO:123; a signal peptide
from about amino acids 1-19 of SEQ ID NO:123; two predicted Protein
Kinase C phosphorylation sites (PS00005) at about amino acids 146
to 148 and 191 to 193 of SEQ ID NO:123; two predicted Casein Kinase
II phosphorylation sites (PS00006) located at about amino acids 152
to 155 and 217 to 220 of SEQ ID NO:123; one predicted
N-glycosylation site (PS00001) from about amino acids 280 to 283 of
SEQ ID NO:123; and three predicted N-myristoylation sites (PS00008)
from about amino acids 36 to 41, 117 to 122, and 244 to 249 of SEQ
ID NO:123.
[0411] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0412] A hydropathy plot of human 25206 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 76
to 88, from about 155 to 170, and from about 198 to 211 of SEQ ID
NO:123; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
of from about amino acid 120 to 131, from about 190 to 197, and
from about 265 to 279 of SEQ ID NO:123.
[0413] The 25206 protein contains a significant number of
structural characteristics in common with members of the
short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.
[0414] Dehydrogenases typically contain at least two domains, the
first binds a coenzyme, such as NAD or NADP, and the second binds
substrate. Sequence of the coenzyme domain does not appear to be
conserved among dehydrogenases. The second domain determines
substrate specificity and contains amino acids involved in
catalysis. Members of this family include alchohol dehydrognase,
3-.beta.-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, estradiol
17-.beta.-dehydrogenase, retinal dehydrogenase, and NADPH-dependent
carbonyl reductase.
[0415] Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) typically
function as dimers or tetramers. The subunits are composed of
approximately 250 to 300 amino acid residues, an N-terminal
co-enzyme binding pattern of GxxxGxG (SEQ ID NO:126), and an
active-site pattern of YxxK (SEQ ID NO:127) (Opperman et al. (1999)
Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 7 ed.
Weiner et al., Plenum Publishers, NY p. 373-377). Although identity
between different SDR members is at the 15-30% level,
three-dimensional structures thus far analyzed reveal a highly
similar conformation with a one-domain subunit with seven to eight
.beta.-strands.
[0416] 25206 polypeptides are homologous to 11-beta hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD), alternatively known as corticosteroid
11-beta dehydrogenase. Two isoforms of 11-beta HSD are known
(Krozowski, Z. et al. (1999) J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.
69(1-6):391-401). These enzymes catalyze the interconversion of
cortisol and the inactive glucocorticoid metabolite cortisone in an
NADPH-dependent manner. 25206 polypeptide is closely related to the
type I isoform, which is a bi-directional enzyme acting
predominantly as a reductase to convert inactive cortisone to
active cortisol. The type II isoform acts unidirectionally to
inactivate cortisol.
[0417] A 25206 polypeptide can include a "short chain dehydrogenase
domain" or regions homologous with a "short chain dehydrogenase
domain". Short chain dehydrogenases have the ability to directly or
indirectly remove a hydride from a substrate, e.g., an alcohol; an
aldehyde; a steroid, e.g., a glucocorticoid, cortisone; a sugar.
Typically, after removal of a hydride from a substrate, electrons
of the hydride are transferred to NAD+, NADP+, or other coenzyme
(e.g., 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate) or hydride
acceptor. For example, if the substrate has hydroxyl,
dehydrogenation converts the hydroxyl to a keto group and produces
NADH or NADPH and a proton. Hydride removal from substrate however
does not require the presence of an acceptor. Free hydride can be
detected, for example, optically by H+ binding to a dye
molecule.
[0418] A 25206 polypeptide can include a "short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase domain" or regions homologous with a
"short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase domain".
[0419] As used herein, the term "short chain dehydrogenase domain"
includes an amino acid sequence of about 50 to 400 amino acid
residues in length and having a bit score for the alignment of the
sequence to the short chain dehydrogenase domain (HMM) of at least
50. Preferably, a short chain dehydrogenase domain includes at
least about 100 to 300 amino acids, more preferably about 140 to
250 amino acid residues, or about 180 to 190 amino acids and has a
bit score for the alignment of the sequence to the short chain
dehydrogenase domain (HMM) of at least 80, 100, 110 or greater. The
short chain dehydrogenase domain (HMM) has been assigned the PFAM
Accession Number PF00106. The short chain dehydrogenase domain
(amino acids 30 to 216 of SEQ ID NO:123) of human 25206 aligns with
a consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:125) derived from a
hidden Markov model.
[0420] In a preferred embodiment, 25206 polypeptide or protein has
a "short chain dehydrogenase domain" or a region that includes at
least about 100 to 300 amino acids, more preferably about 140 to
250 amino acid residues, or about 180 to 190 amino acid residues
and has at least about 60%, 70% 80% 90% 95%, 99%, or 100% homology
with a "short chain dehydrogenase domain," e.g., the short chain
dehydrogenase domain of human 25206 (e.g., residues 30 to 216 of
SEQ ID NO:123).
[0421] Preferably, the short chain dehydrogenase domain of a 25206
polypeptide includes a short chain dehydrogenase family signature,
YSAAKFALDGF (SEQ ID NO:128), which corresponds to amino acids
178-188 of SEQ ID NO:123.
[0422] To identify the presence of a "short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase" domain in a 25206 protein sequence, and
make the determination that a polypeptide or protein of interest
has a particular profile, the amino acid sequence of the protein
can be searched against the Pfam database of HMMs (e.g., the Pfam
database, release 2.1) using the default parameters. For example,
the hmmsf program, which is available as part of the HMMER package
of search programs, is a family specific default program for
MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is the default threshold score for
determining a hit. Alternatively, the threshold score for
determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to 8 bits). A description
of the Pfam database can be found in Sonhammer et al. (1997)
Proteins 28(3):405-420 and a detailed description of HMMs can be
found, for example, in Gribskov et al. (1990) Meth. Enzymol.
183:146-159; Oribskov et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol. Biol. 235:1501-1531; and
Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci. 2:305-314, the contents of which
are incorporated herein by reference. A search was performed
against the HMM database resulting in the identification of a
"short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase" domain in the amino acid
sequence of human 25206 at about residues 30 to 216 of SEQ ID
NO:123.
[0423] A 25206 family member can include one or more of: a short
chain dehydrogenase domain or a short chain alcohol dehydrogenase
family signature. Furthermore, a 25206 family member can include a
signal peptide; at least one, and preferably two, protein kinase C
phosphorylation sites (PS00005); at least one, and preferably two,
predicted casein kinase II phosphorylation sites (PS00006); and at
least one predicted N-myristoylation sites (PS00008).
[0424] In yet another embodiment, the 25206 molecule can further
include a signal sequence. As used herein, a "signal sequence"
refers to a peptide of about 10-40 amino acid residues in length
which occurs at the N-terminus of secretory and integral membrane
proteins and which contains a majority of hydrophobic amino acid
residues. For example, a signal sequence contains at least about
15-30 amino acid residues, preferably about 19 amino acid residues,
and has at least about 40-70%, preferably about 50-65%, and more
preferably about 55-60% hydrophobic amino acid residues (e.g.,
alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine,
tryptophan, or proline). Such a "signal sequence", also referred to
in the art as a "signal peptide", serves to direct a protein
containing such a sequence to a lipid bilayer. For example, in one
embodiment, a 25206 protein contains a signal sequence of about
amino acids 1-19 of SEQ ID NO:123. The "signal sequence" is cleaved
during processing of the mature protein. The mature 25206 protein
corresponds to amino acids 20 to 286 of SEQ ID NO:123.
[0425] As the 25206 polypeptides of the invention may modulate
25206-mediated activities, they may be useful for developing novel
diagnostic and therapeutic agents for 25206-mediated or related
disorders, as described below.
[0426] As used herein, a "25206 activity", "biological activity of
25206" or "functional activity of 25206", refers to an activity
exerted by a 25206 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule.
For example, a 25206 activity can be an activity exerted by 25206
in a physiological milieu on, e.g., a 25206-responsive cell or on a
25206 substrate, e.g., a protein substrate. A 25206 activity can be
determined in vivo or in vitro. In one embodiment, a 25206 activity
can be an indirect activity, e.g., a cellular signaling activity
mediated by interaction of the 25206 protein with a 25206
receptor.
[0427] In other embodiments, the 25206 activity is a direct
activity, such as an association with a 25206 target molecule. A
"target molecule" or "binding partner" is a molecule with which a
25206 protein binds or interacts in nature. For example, a 25206
binding partner is a substrate, e.g., an alcohol; an aldehyde; a
steroid, e.g., a glucocorticoid, cortisone; a sugar. As the 25206
polypeptides show structural similarity to 111-beta-HSD, these
polypeptides may be involved in the metabolism of steroids, e.g.,
glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids have been shown to have an
antiproliferative effect on some breast cancer cell lines in vitro
(Hundertmark, S. et al. (1997) J. Endocrinol. 155(1):171-180).
Accordingly, the 25206 molecules of the present invention may be
involved in regulating cellular proliferation and
differentiation.
[0428] Based on the above-described sequence similarities, the
25206 molecules of the present invention are predicted to have
similar biological activities as short chain dehydrogenase family
members. For example, the 25206 proteins of the present invention
can have one or more of the following activities: (1) steroid
biosynthesis or metabolism (breakdown); (2) changes associated with
steroid biosynthesis or metabolism (e.g., sex trait development);
(3) metabolism or removal of natural or xenobiotic substances
(e.g., ethanol, toxins, etc.); (4) cellular proliferation or
differentiation; or (5) cellular survival and/or degeneration
(e.g., neurodegeneration).
[0429] As described below, TaqMan analysis shows 25206 mRNA is
expressed in cancerous tissues, e.g., cancerous tissues from the
breast, brain, lung, colon, liver, as well as neural (e.g., brain)
or reproductive, e.g., ovarian, tissues. Thus, the 25206 molecules
can act as novel diagnostic targets and therapeutic agents for
controlling one or more of cellular proliferative, differentiative,
neural, e.g., neurodegenerative, and reproductive, disorders.
[0430] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders include cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma, metastatic
disorders or hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g., leukemias. A
metastatic tumor can arise from a multitude of primary tumor types,
including but not limited to those of prostate, colon, lung, brain,
breast and liver origin.
[0431] Additional examples of proliferative disorders include
hematopoietic neoplastic disorders.
Tissue Distribution of 25206 mRNA by TaqMan Analysis
[0432] Endogenous human 25206 gene expression was determined using
the Perkin-Elmer/ABI 7700 Sequence Detection System which employs
TaqMan technology.
[0433] Tissues tested include the human tissues and several cell
lines shown in Tables 41-44. 25206 mRNA was detected in brain
tissue (normal and tumorigenic), breast tissue (normal and
tumorigenic), ovarian tissue (normal and tumorigenic), lung tissue
(normal and tumorigenic), a host of xenograft cells and a host of
breast cell clones (Tables 41-44). More specifically, as depicted
in Tables 41-44, 25206 mRNA expression was increased 1.5-3.6 fold
at all timepoints following IGF1 treatment. Additionally, 25206
mRNA was significantly upregulated in two MCF10AT3B tumor cell
clones grown in soft agar vs. grown on plastic. 25206 mRNA was
upregulated about 3 fold in 2/7 breast tumors vs. 3/4 normal breast
tissues, and 3/7 lung tumors vs. 4/4 normal lung tissues. Phase I
Taqman panel showed highest expression in brain tissue. 25206
showed expression in many tumor cell lines
(NCIH67>A549>T47D). Each of these tables is described in more
detail below.
[0434] Table 41 depicts the relative expression of 25206 mRNA in a
panel of human tissues indicated below. Tissues depicted with as
MET are metastatic tissue; HMVEC cells are human microvascular
endothelial cells. 25206 mRNA is overexpressed in normal brain
tissue and to some extent in tumorigenic brain (glioma) tissue.
TABLE-US-00041 TABLE 41 Relative Tissue source Tissue Type
Expression CHT 396 Colon Normal 0.0 CHT 519 Colon Normal 0.0 CHT
416 Colon Normal 0.1 CHT 452 Colon Normal 0.0 CHT 398 Colon Tumor
0.2 CHT 807 Colon Tumor 0.0 CHT 805 Colon Tumor 0.3 CHT 528 Colon
Tumor 0.1 CHT 368 Colon Tumor 0.0 CHT 372 Colon Tumor 0.3 CHT 01
Liver Met 0.1 CHT 3 Liver Met 0.4 CHT 896 Liver Met 0.1 CHT 340
Liver Met 0.5 PIT 260 Liver Normal 0.0 PIT 229 Liver Normal 2.4 MGH
16 Brain Normal 29.8 MCL 53 Brain Normal 99.4 MCL 377 Brain Normal
26.8 MCL 390 Brain Normal 67.9 MPI 665 Astrocytes 6.7 CHT 201 Glio
0.6 CHT 216 Glio 5.7 CHT 501 Glio 5.6 CHT 1273 Glio 37.4 CHT 828
Glio 2.9 A24 HMVEC-Arr 1.1 C48 HMVEC-Prol 1.0 CHT 50 Placenta 0.4
BWH 58 Fetal Adrenal 8.9 PIT 251 Fetal Adrenal 1.7 BWH 54 Fetal
Liver 0.7 BWH 75 Fetal Liver 0.4 NTC 1000.0
[0435] Table 42 depicts the relative expression of 25206 mRNA in a
panel of human tissues indicated below. 25206 mRNA is relatively
overexpressed in breast, ovary, and lung tumorigenic tissue, while
the gene is also overexpressed in normal ovary tissue.
TABLE-US-00042 TABLE 42 Relative Tissue Expression Breast Normal
0.8 Breast Normal 1.4 Breast Normal 2.9 Breast Normal 0.7 Breast
Tumor 2.1 Breast Tumor 0.9 Breast Tumor 0.3 Breast Tumor 0.4 Breast
Tumor 1.8 Breast Tumor 5.0 Breast Tumor 4.1 Ovary Normal 6.9 Ovary
Normal 6.1 Ovary Normal 7.5 Ovary Normal 7.9 Ovary Tumor 0.6 Ovary
Tumor 0.6 Ovary Tumor 6.1 Ovary Tumor 1.5 Ovary Tumor 2.2 Ovary
Tumor 0.2 Ovary Tumor 7.3 Ovary Tumor 0.4 Lung Norm 0.3 Lung Norm
0.9 Lung Norm 0.3 Lung Norm 0.5 Lung Tumor 3.0 Lung Tumor 3.1 Lung
Tumor 2.2 Lung Tumor 1.4 Lung Tumor 14.5 Lung Tumor 1.7 Lung Tumor
0.3
[0436] Table 43 depicts the relative expression of 25206 mRNA in a
panel of human breast cell lines indicated below. Breast carcinoma
cell lines are represented by MCF10, MCF-7, ZR, T47, MDA, and
SKBr3. Normal breast cells are represented by the cell line Hs578.
Expression of 25206 mRNA is upregulated in breast carcinoma cells
grown in soft agar compared to breast carcinoma cells grown on
plastic. Exposure of the MCF10 carcinoma line with insulin-like
growth factor 1 (IGF-1) or epidermal growth factor (EGF) had some
effect on the expression of 25206 mRNA.
TABLE-US-00043 TABLE 43 Tissue Type Expression MCF10MS 1.09 MCF10A
1.23 MCF10AT.cl1 0.42 MCF10AT.cl3 0.63 MCF10AT1 0.49 MCF10AT3B 0.73
MCF10CA1a.cl1 0.41 MCF10AT3B Agar 11.13 MCF10CA1a.cl1 Agar 2.03
MCF10A.m25 Plastic 2.13 MCF10CA Agar 1.52 MCF10CA Plastic 0.46
MCF3B Agar 6.24 MCF3B Plastic 0.92 MCF10A EGF 0 hr 0.50 MCF10A EGF
0.5 hr 0.42 MCF10A EGF 1 hr 0.37 MCF10A EGF 2 hr 0.37 MCF10A EGF 4
hr 0.43 MCF10A EGF 8 hr 0.41 MCF10A IGF1A 0 hr 0.76 MCF10A IGF1A
0.5 hr 1.09 MCF10A IGF1A 1 hr 1.02 MCF10A IGF1A 3 hr 1.46 MCF10A
IGF1A 24 hr 2.74 MCF10AT3B.cl5 Plastic 1.54 MCF10AT3B.cl6 Plastic
0.95 MCF10AT3B.cl3 Plastic 0.95 MCF10AT3B.cl1 Plastic 0.88
MCF10AT3B.cl4 Plastic 0.75 MCF10AT3B.cl2 Plastic 0.67 MCF10AT3B.cl5
Agar 9.49 MCF10AT3B.cl6 Agar 10.49 MCF-7 0.75 ZR--75 1.58 T47D 1.31
MDA-231 0.35 MDA-435 1.12 SkBr3 0.13 Hs578Bst 0.68 Hs578T 0.62
[0437] Table 44 depicts the relative expression of 25206 mRNA in
panel of human cancer cell lines after transplantation into mice.
Human breast carcinoma cells lines are represented by MCF, ZR75,
T47D, MDA, and SKBr3 cell lines; colon carcinoma cell lines are
represented by DLD, SW620, HCT116 and Colo205 cell lines; lung
adenosquamous carcinoma cell lines are represented by NCIH125,
NCIH67, NCIH 322, and NCIH460 cell lines; a lung carcinoma cell
line is represented by A549 cell line; a lung cell line is
represented by NHBE cell lines; ovarian carcinoma cells are
represented by SKOV and OVCAR cell lines; and baby kidney cells
which are indicated below. 25206 mRNA shows a slight increase in
expression in all lung cell lines (both cancerous and normal), but
is greatly overexpressed in baby kidney cells.
TABLE-US-00044 TABLE 44 Relative Tissue Type Expression MCF-7
Breast T 4.69 ZR75 Breast T 4.61 T47D Breast T 6.87 MDA 231 Breast
T 2.21 MDA 435 Breast T 6.64 SKBr3 Breast 0.94 DLD 1 ColonT
(stageC) 2.98 SW620 ColonT (stageC) 2.07 HCT116 3.33 HT29 0.22 Colo
205 0.13 NCIH125 3.93 NCIH67 10.13 NCIH322 7.16 NCIH460 1.58 A549
8.91 NHBE 9.42 SKOV-3 ovary 1.28 OVCAR-3 ovary 4.74 293 baby kidney
15.63 293T baby kidney 24.77
[0438] Additional expression studies were conducted using probes
generated from 4 normal breast tissue samples, 4 ductal carcinoma
in situ (DCIS) samples, 4 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) samples
and 3 invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) samples. 25206 mRNA was
expressed at about 2 fold the median value of the 4 normal breast
samples in 1/4 DCIS samples, 1/4 IDC samples and 0/3 ILC
samples.
[0439] 25206 mRNA expression was assayed with probes generated from
untreated human breast epithelial MCF10A cells or MCF10A cells
treated with 10 nM IGF1 for 0.5, 1, 3 and 26 hours. 25206 mRNA
expression was increased 1.5-1.8 fold at all timepoints following
IGF1 treatment.
Tissue Distribution of 25206 mRNA by In Situ Hybridization
[0440] In situ hybridization studies revealed expression of 25206
mRNA in the following tissues: 0/2 normal breast tissues, 1/5
breast tumors, 0/3 normal lung tissues, 1/4 lung tumors, 0/1 normal
colon tissue, 0/3 colon tumors, 0/1 normal ovary tissue, 0/2 ovary
tumors and 1/1 normal brain tissue.
Human 8843
[0441] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of
a novel dual specificity phosphatase family member, referred to
herein as "8843".
[0442] The human 8843 sequence (SEQ ID NO:129), which is
approximately 839 nucleotides long including untranslated regions,
contains a predicted methionine-initiated coding sequence of about
603 nucleotides, not including the termination codon (nucleotides
44-646 of SEQ ID NO:129; 1-603 of SEQ ID NO:131). The coding
sequence encodes a 201 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:130).
[0443] An alignment of the dual specificity phosphatase domain of
human 8843 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) from PFAM shows the consensus amino acid
sequence (SEQ ID NO:132) aligns with amino acids 37 to 185 of SEQ
ID NO:130.
[0444] An alignment of the dual specificity phosphatase domain of
human 8843 with a consensus amino acid sequence derived from a
hidden Markov model (HMM) in the SMART domain library shows the
consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:133) aligns with amino
acids 37 to 185 of SEQ ID NO:130.
[0445] Human 8843 contains the following regions or other
structural features: a dual specificity phosphatase domain (PFAM
Accession Number PF00782) located at about amino acid residues 37
to 185 of SEQ ID NO:130; a tyrosine specific protein phosphatase
active site signature (Prosite PS00383), also termed
"C--X.sub.5--R" motif (SEQ ID NO:135), located at about amino acid
residues 130 to 142 of SEQ ID NO:130, including an active site
cysteine at about amino acid 132 of SEQ ID NO:130, and an active
site arginine at about amino acid 138 of SEQ ID NO:130; a dual
specificity phosphatase extended active site signature
(VXVHCXXGXSRSXTXXXAY[LI]M; SEQ ID NO:136; Muda et al. (1996) J Biol
Chem 271:27205) locate at about amino acid residues 128 to 158 of
SEQ ID NO:130; a VH1-like dual specificity phosphatase loop located
at about amino acid residues 106 to 110 of SEQ ID NO:130, include a
conserved general acid, aspartic acid at about residue 109 of SEQ
ID NO:130; one predicted N-glycosylation site (PS00001) at about
amino acids 82 to 85 of SEQ ID NO:130; one predicted protein kinase
C phosphorylation sites (PS00005) at about amino acids 187 to 189
of SEQ ID NO:130; four predicted casein kinase II phosphorylation
sites (PS00006) located at about amino acids 70 to 73, 83 to 86, 98
to 101, and 154 to 157 of SEQ ID NO:130; and one predicted
N-myristylation sites (PS00008) from about amino acid 114 to 119 of
SEQ ID NO:130.
[0446] For general information regarding PFAM identifiers, PS
prefix and PF prefix domain identification numbers, refer to
Sonnhammer et al. (1997) Protein 28:405-420.
[0447] A hydropathy plot of human 8843 was performed. Polypeptides
of the invention include fragments which include: all or part of a
hydrophobic sequence, e.g., the sequence from about amino acid 9 to
25, from about 45 to 52, and from about 142 to 150, of SEQ ID
NO:130; all or part of a hydrophilic sequence, e.g., the sequence
of from about amino acid 27 to 36, from about 70 to 78, and from
about 151 to 160, of SEQ ID NO:130; a sequence which includes a
Cys, or a glycosylation site.
[0448] The 8843 protein contains a significant number of structural
characteristics in common with members of the dual specificity
phosphatase family.
[0449] Dual specificity phosphatase proteins are characterized by a
common fold. Dual specificity phosphatases are exemplified by the
VH1 or vaccinia virus late H1 gene protein, which hydrolyzes both
phosphotyrosine, phosphothreonine, and phosphoserine. VH1 catalytic
activity is required for viral replication. A human homolog of VH1,
VHR, has been identified. The three dimensional structure of this
family is based on models from x-ray crystallographic data of
protein tyrosine phosphatases, and human VHR. The VHR structure
includes a core domain consisting of a five-stranded mixed
.beta.-sheet and six .alpha.-helices. This structure closely
superimposes on the structure of phosphotyrosine protein
phosphatases. However, dual specificity phosphatases lack the KNRY
motif, and the N-terminal structures of tyrosine protein
phosphatases which endow these enzymes with a deep active site
specific for aryl phosphates. Thus, dual specificity phosphatases
have a shallower active site relative to tyrosine protein
phosphatases and can accommodate phosphoserine and phosphothreonine
substrates. Even so dual specificity phosphatases can have a
greater than 50-fold faster rate of phosphatase activity for
phosphotyrosine substrates than phosphothreonine or phosphoserine
substrates.
[0450] Similar to the broader class of phosphatases, dual
specificity phosphatases have a highly conserved active site
including three catalytic residues, a cysteine, an arginine, and an
aspartic acid. The active site cysteine and arginine are found in
the "C--X.sub.5--R" motif of the tyrosine phosphatase signature
(Prosite PS00383; SEQ ID NO:135). This motif forms a binding pocket
for three of the phosphate oxyanions. The cysteine acts as a
nucleophile to accept the PO.sub.3 group. The reaction transiently
generates a phospho-cysteine intermediate before the phosphate is
transferred to water. The active site arginine stabilizes the
transition-state by hydrogen bonding to phosphate oxygens. In
addition the histidine preceding the active site cysteine and the
serine or threonine following the active site arginine are
responsible for lowering the pK.sub.a of the cysteine to stabilize
a negative charge on the cysteine. The active site aspartic acid
accelerates the reaction by donating a protein to generate an
uncharged hydroxyl (for a review, see Fauman and Saper (1996)
Trends in Biochem. 21:412).
[0451] An 8843 polypeptide can include a "dual specificity
phosphatase catalytic domain" or regions homologous with a "dual
specificity phosphatase domain".
[0452] As used herein, the term "dual specificity phosphatase
domain" includes an amino acid sequence of about 80 to 220 amino
acids, more preferably about 100 to 180 amino acid residues, or
about 130 to 160 amino acid residues in length and having a bit
score for the alignment of the sequence to the dual specificity
phosphatase domain (HMM) of at least 10, preferably 15, and more
preferably 20. The dual specificity phosphatase catalytic domain
(HMM) has been assigned the PFAM Accession Number PF00782. The dual
specificity phosphatase domain (amino acids 37 to 185 of SEQ ID
NO:130) of human 8843 aligns with a consensus amino acid sequence
(SEQ ID NO:132) derived from a hidden Markov model, and with a
consensus amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:133) derived from the
SMART domain HMM model.
[0453] A dual specificity phosphatase domain preferably includes a
perfect match to the Prosite tyrosine specific protein phosphatase
active site signature (PS00383;
[LIVMF]-H-C-x(2)-G-x(3)-[STC]-[STAGP]-x-[LIVMFY], wherein X is any
amino acid and a number in parenthesis indicates the amino acid
pattern is repeated that number of times; SEQ ID NO:134). Even more
preferably, a dual specificity phosphatase includes the extended
active site signature (VXVHCXXGXSRSXTXXXAY[LI]M; SEQ ID NO:136;
Muda et al. (1996) J Biol Chem 271: 27205). A dual specificity
phosphatase domain also includes the conserved active site residues
cysteine, arginine, and aspartic acid. The aspartic acid is
preferably located in a loop region N-terminal to the active site
signature.
[0454] In a preferred embodiment 8843 polypeptide or protein has a
"dual specificity phosphatase domain" or a region which includes at
least about 80 to 220 more preferably about 100 to 180 or 130 to
160, or about 148 amino acid residues in length and has at least
about 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% homology with a
"dual specificity phosphatase domain," e.g., the dual specificity
phosphatase domain of human 8843 (e.g., residues 37 to 185 of SEQ
ID NO:130). In a preferred embodiment, the 8834 polypeptide has a
tyrosine specific protein phosphatase active site signature located
at about amino acids 130 to 142 of SEQ ID NO:130. The 8834
polypeptide also preferable has a conserved active site serine at
about amino acid residue 132 of SEQ ID NO:130, a conserved active
site arginine at about amino acid residue 138 of SEQ ID NO:130, and
a conserved active site aspartic acid at about amino acid residue
109 of SEQ ID NO:130. Preferably, the active site aspartic acid is
in an mobile loop, approximately 20 to 30, or preferably, 20 to 25
amino acids N-terminal to the active site cysteine.
[0455] To identify the presence of a "dual specificity phosphatase"
domain in an 8843 protein sequence, and make the determination that
a polypeptide or protein of interest has a particular profile, the
amino acid sequence of the protein can be searched against a
database of HMMs (e.g., the Pfam database, release 2.1) using the
default parameters. For example, the hmmsf program, which is
available as part of the HMMER package of search programs, is a
family specific default program for MILPAT0063 and a score of 15 is
the default threshold score for determining a hit. Alternatively,
the threshold score for determining a hit can be lowered (e.g., to
8 bits). A description of the Pfam database can be found in
Sonhammer et al. (1997) Proteins 28(3):405-420 and a detailed
description of HMMs can be found, for example, in Gribskov et al.
(1990) Meth. Enzymol. 183:146-159; Gribskov et al. (1987) Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:4355-4358; Krogh et al. (1994) J. Mol.
Biol. 235:1501-1531; and Stultz et al. (1993) Protein Sci.
2:305-314, the contents of which are incorporated herein by
reference. A search was performed against the HMM database
resulting in the identification of a "dual specificity phosphatase"
domain in the amino acid sequence of human 8843 at about residues
37 to 185 of SEQ ID NO:130.
[0456] An 8843 molecule can further include: preferably at least
one N-glycosylation site; preferably at least one protein kinase C
phosphorylation sites; at least one, two, three, and preferably
four casein kinase II phosphorylation sites; and preferably at
least one N-myristylation site.
[0457] As used herein, a "8843 activity", "biological activity of
8843" or "functional activity of 8843", refers to an activity
exerted by an 8843 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule on
e.g., an 8843-responsive cell or on an 8843 substrate, e.g., a
protein substrate, as determined in vivo or in vitro. In one
embodiment, an 8843 activity is a direct activity, such as an
association with an 8843 target molecule. A "target molecule" or
"binding partner" is a molecule with which an 8843 protein binds or
interacts in nature. an 8843 activity can also be an indirect
activity, e.g., a cellular signaling activity mediated by
interaction of the 8843 protein with an 8843 receptor. Based on the
above-described sequence similarities, the 8843 molecules of the
present invention are predicted to have similar biological
activities as dual specificity phosphatase family members. For
example, the 8843 proteins of the present invention can have one or
more of the following activities: (1) catalyzing the removal of a
phosphate group attached to a tyrosine residue in a protein; (2)
catalyzing the removal of a phosphate group attached to a serine or
threonine residue in a protein; (3) modulating an intracellular
signaling pathway, e.g., a MAP kinase or ERK kinase pathway; (4)
modulating cell differentiation, e.g., differentiation of erythroid
progenitor cells, such as, CD34+ progenitors; (5) modulating cell
proliferation, e.g., proliferation erythroid progenitor cells; (6)
inactivating cell surface growth factor receptors, e.g., tyrosine
kinase receptors; or (7) modulating apoptosis, of a cell, e.g., a
leukemic cell, (e.g., an erythroleukemia cell).
[0458] As TaqMan analysis shows, 8843 mRNA is found in
hematopoietic cells, and in particular, in erythroid cell lineages.
The molecules of the invention can be used to develop novel agents
or compounds to treat and/or diagnose disorders involving aberrant
activities of those cells e.g., hematopoietic and, in particular,
erythroid disorders, as described below. For example, an 8843
polypeptide is expressed in CD34 positive cells, e.g., mobilized
peripheral blood CD34+ cells, normal adult bone marrow CD34+ cells,
cord blood CD34+ cells, normal adult bone marrow CD34+ cells,
G-CSF-treated bone marrow CD34+ cells, and fetal liver CD34+ cells;
and erythroid progenitor cells, e.g., bone marrow glycophorin A
positive cells and erythropoietin treated erythroid burst forming
units (BFUs). 8843 mRNA is also expressed in hepatic cells, kidney,
lung, and dermal cells, and thus diagnostic and therapeutic methods
of using the molecules of the invention to treat/diagnose hepatic,
kidney, lung, and dermal disorders are also contemplated by the
present invention.
[0459] As used herein, the term "pluripotent hematopoietic stem
cell" includes a cell that can give rise to a spleen colony forming
unit (day 12 CFU-S), which, in turn, can give rise to progenitors
of the granulocytic, monocytic, erythroid, megakaryocytic, and
lymphoid lineages.
[0460] As used herein, a "CD34-positive cell" refers to a cell that
expresses detectable levels of the CD34 antigen, preferably human
CD34 antigen. The sequence for human CD34 is provided in SwissProt
Accession Number P28906. The CD34 antigen is typically present on
immature hematopoietic precursor cells and hematopoietic
colony-forming cells in the bone marrow, including unipotent
(CFU-GM, BFU-E) and pluripotent progenitors (CFU-GEMM, CFU-Mix and
CFU-blast). The CD34 is also expressed on stromal cell precursors.
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-positive B- and
T-lymphoid precursors in normal bone also are CD34+. The CD34
antigen is typically present on early myeloid cells that express
the CD33 antigen, but lack the CD14 and CD15 antigens and on early
erythroid cells that express the CD71 antigen and dimly express the
CD45 antigen. The CD34 antigen is also found on capillary
endothelial cells and approximately 1% of human thymocytes. Normal
peripheral blood lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets
do not express the CD34 antigen. CD34 antigen density is highest on
early haematopoietic progenitor cells and decreases as the cells
mature. The antigen is undetectably on fully differentiated
haematopoietic cells. Approximately 60% of acute B-lymphoid
leukemia's and acute myeloid leukemia express the CD34 antigen. The
antigen is not expressed on chronic lymphoid leukemia (B or T
lineage) or lymphomas.
[0461] As the 8843 polypeptides of the invention may modulate
8843-mediated activities, they may be useful for developing novel
diagnostic and therapeutic agents for 8843-mediated or related
disorders, e.g., erythroid-associated disorders.
[0462] As used herein, the term "erythropoietin" or "EPO" refers to
a glycoprotein produced in the kidney, which is the principal
hormone responsible for stimulating red blood cell production
(erythrogenesis). EPO stimulates the division and differentiation
of committed erythroid progenitors in the bone marrow. Normal
plasma erythropoietin levels range from 0.01 to 0.03 Units/mL, and
can increase up to 100 to 1,000-fold during hypoxia or anemia.
Graber and Krantz, Ann. Rev. Med. 29:51 (1978); Eschbach and
Adamson, Kidney Intl. 28:1 (1985). Recombinant human erythropoietin
(rHuEpo or epoetin alfa) is commercially available as EPOGEN.RTM.
(epoetin alfa, recombinant human erythropoietin) (Amgen Inc.,
Thousand Oaks, Calif.) and as PROCRIT.RTM. (epoetin alfa,
recombinant human erythropoietin) (Ortho Biotech Inc., Raritan,
N.J.).
[0463] Treatment, prevention and diagnosis of cancer or neoplastic
disorders related to the erythroid lineage are also included in the
present invention.
Tissue Distribution of 8843 mRNA
[0464] Endogenous human 8843 gene expression was determined using
the Perkin-Elmer/ABI 7700 Sequence Detection System which employs
TaqMan technology.
[0465] 8843 mRNA levels were analyzed in a variety of samples of
isolated and/or treated blood cells. High relative expression
levels of 8843 mRNA, e.g., greater than 40 units, were observed for
megakaryocytes, mast cells, blast forming units (BFU), especially
BFUs treated with erythropoietin. Moderate relative expression
levels of 8843 mRNA, between 10 and 40 units, were observed for
multiple erythroid samples, and a subset of neutrophil samples.
[0466] High relative expression levels of 8843 mRNA, e.g., greater
than 40 units, were observed for mobilized CD34+ peripheral blood
cells (mBM), normal bone marrow CD34+ cells, as well as for
glycophorin A (low levels) bone marrow cells (>60 units), which
are erythroid progenitors. Moderate relative expression levels of
8843 mRNA, between 10 and 40 units, were observed for CD34+ cord
blood cells, CD34+ fetal liver cells, and mobilized CD34+ bone
marrow cells.
[0467] 8843 mRNA expression levels were also monitored in other
hematopoietic lineages and tissues. K582 cells, an
erythroid/megakaryocyte cell line, and Hep3b cells had high 8843
expression levels relative to controls.
[0468] 8843 mRNA expression was also determined for mRNA derived
from lung, fetal liver, and other tissues.
Definitions
[0469] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, fragments
thereof, and derivatives and other variants of the sequence in SEQ
ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130
thereof are collectively referred to as "polypeptides or proteins
of the invention" or "26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptides or proteins". Nucleic acid molecules encoding such
polypeptides or proteins are collectively referred to as "nucleic
acids of the invention" or "26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 nucleic acids."
[0470] As used herein, the term "nucleic acid molecule" includes
DNA molecules (e.g., a cDNA or genomic DNA) and RNA molecules
(e.g., an mRNA) and analogs of the DNA or RNA generated, e.g., by
the use of nucleotide analogs. The nucleic acid molecule can be
single-stranded or double-stranded, but preferably is
double-stranded DNA.
[0471] The term "isolated or purified nucleic acid molecule"
includes nucleic acid molecules which are separated from other
nucleic acid molecules which are present in the natural source of
the nucleic acid. For example, with regards to genomic DNA, the
term "isolated" includes nucleic acid molecules which are separated
from the chromosome with which the genomic DNA is naturally
associated. Preferably, an "isolated" nucleic acid is free of
sequences which naturally flank the nucleic acid (i.e., sequences
located at the 5' and/or 3' ends of the nucleic acid) in the
genomic DNA of the organism from which the nucleic acid is derived.
For example, in various embodiments, the isolated nucleic acid
molecule can contain less than about 5 kb, 4 kb, 3 kb, 2 kb, 1 kb,
0.5 kb or 0.1 kb of 5' and/or 3' nucleotide sequences which
naturally flank the nucleic acid molecule in genomic DNA of the
cell from which the nucleic acid is derived. Moreover, an
"isolated" nucleic acid molecule, such as a cDNA molecule, can be
substantially free of other cellular material or culture medium
when produced by recombinant techniques, or substantially free of
chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically
synthesized.
[0472] As used herein, the term "hybridizes under low stringency,
medium stringency, high stringency, or very high stringency
conditions" describes conditions for hybridization and washing.
Guidance for performing hybridization reactions can be found in
Current Protocols in Molecular Biology (1989) John Wiley &
Sons, N.Y., 6.3.1-6.3.6, which is incorporated by reference.
Aqueous and nonaqueous methods are described in that reference and
either can be used. Specific hybridization conditions referred to
herein are as follows: 1) low stringency hybridization conditions
in 6.times. sodium chloride/sodium citrate (SSC) at about
45.degree. C., followed by two washes in 0.2.times.SSC, 0.1% SDS at
least at 50.degree. C. (the temperature of the washes can be
increased to 55.degree. C. for low stringency conditions); 2)
medium stringency hybridization conditions in 6.times.SSC at about
45.degree. C., followed by one or more washes in 0.2.times.SSC,
0.1% SDS at 60.degree. C.; 3) high stringency hybridization
conditions in 6.times.SSC at about 45.degree. C., followed by one
or more washes in 0.2.times.SSC, 0.1% SDS at 65.degree. C.; and
preferably 4) very high stringency hybridization conditions are
0.5M sodium phosphate, 7% SDS at 65.degree. C., followed by one or
more washes at 0.2.times.SSC, 1% SDS at 65.degree. C. Very high
stringency conditions (4) are the preferred conditions and the ones
that should be used unless otherwise specified.
[0473] As used herein, a "naturally-occurring" nucleic acid
molecule refers to an RNA or DNA molecule having a nucleotide
sequence that occurs in nature (e.g., encodes a natural
protein).
[0474] As used herein, the terms "gene" and "recombinant gene"
refer to nucleic acid molecules which include an open reading frame
encoding a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein,
preferably a mammalian 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein, and can further include non-coding regulatory sequences,
and introns.
[0475] An "isolated" or "purified" polypeptide or protein is
substantially free of cellular material or other contaminating
proteins from the cell or tissue source from which the protein is
derived, or substantially free from chemical precursors or other
chemicals when chemically synthesized. In one embodiment, the
language "substantially free" means preparation of 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein having less than about 30%,
20%, 10% and more preferably 5% (by dry weight), of non-26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein (also referred to herein
as a "contaminating protein"), or of chemical precursors or
non-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 chemicals. When the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or biologically
active portion thereof is recombinantly produced, it is also
preferably substantially free of culture medium, i.e., culture
medium represents less than about 20%, more preferably less than
about 10%, and most preferably less than about 5% of the volume of
the protein preparation. The invention includes isolated or
purified preparations of at least 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 milligrams
in dry weight.
[0476] A "non-essential" amino acid residue is a residue that can
be altered from the wild-type sequence of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 (e.g., the sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6,
7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88,
90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131) without abolishing or
more preferably, without substantially altering a biological
activity, whereas an "essential" amino acid residue results in such
a change. For example, amino acid residues that are conserved among
the polypeptides of the present invention, e.g., those present in
the conserved domains, are predicted to be particularly unamenable
to alteration.
[0477] A "conservative amino acid substitution" is one in which the
amino acid residue is replaced with an amino acid residue having a
similar side chain. Families of amino acid residues having similar
side chains have been defined in the art. These families include
amino acids with basic side chains (e.g., lysine, arginine,
histidine), acidic side chains (e.g., aspartic acid, glutamic
acid), uncharged polar side chains (e.g., glycine, asparagine,
glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine), nonpolar side
chains (e.g., alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline,
phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan), beta-branched side chains
(e.g., threonine, valine, isoleucine) and aromatic side chains
(e.g., tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine). Thus, a
predicted nonessential amino acid residue in a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein is preferably replaced with another
amino acid residue from the same side chain family. Alternatively,
in another embodiment, mutations can be introduced randomly along
all or part of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 coding
sequence, such as by saturation mutagenesis, and the resultant
mutants can be screened for 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 biological activity to identify mutants that retain activity.
Following mutagenesis of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13,
15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113,
115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, the encoded protein can be expressed
recombinantly and the activity of the protein can be
determined.
[0478] As used herein, a "biologically active portion" of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein includes a fragment of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein which
participates in an interaction between a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 molecule and a non-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 molecule. Biologically active portions of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein include peptides
comprising amino acid sequences sufficiently homologous to or
derived from the amino acid sequence of the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, e.g., the amino acid sequence shown
in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123
or 130, which include fewer amino acids than the full length 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, and exhibit at least
one activity of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
Typically, biologically active portions comprise a domain or motif
with at least one activity of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein. A biologically active portion of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein can be a polypeptide
which is, for example, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 or more amino acids in
length. Biologically active portions of a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein can be used as targets for developing
agents which modulate a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
mediated activity.
[0479] Calculations of homology or sequence identity (the terms
"homology" and "identity" are used interchangeably herein) between
sequences are performed as follows:
[0480] To determine the percent identity of two amino acid
sequences, or of two nucleic acid sequences, the sequences are
aligned for optimal comparison purposes (e.g., gaps can be
introduced in one or both of a first and a second amino acid or
nucleic acid sequence for optimal alignment and non-homologous
sequences can be disregarded for comparison purposes). In a
preferred embodiment, the length of a reference sequence aligned
for comparison purposes is at least 30%, preferably at least 40%,
more preferably at least 50%, even more preferably at least 60%,
and even more preferably at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% of the length
of the reference sequence. The amino acid residues or nucleotides
at corresponding amino acid positions or nucleotide positions are
then compared. When a position in the first sequence is occupied by
the same amino acid residue or nucleotide as the corresponding
position in the second sequence, then the molecules are identical
at that position (as used herein amino acid or nucleic acid
"identity" is equivalent to amino acid or nucleic acid "homology").
The percent identity between the two sequences is a function of the
number of identical positions shared by the sequences, taking into
account the number of gaps, and the length of each gap, which need
to be introduced for optimal alignment of the two sequences.
[0481] The comparison of sequences and determination of percent
identity between two sequences can be accomplished using a
mathematical algorithm. In a preferred embodiment, the percent
identity between two amino acid sequences is determined using the
Needleman and Wunsch (1970) J. Mol. Biol. 48:444-453 algorithm
which has been incorporated into the GAP program in the GCG
software package using either a Blossum 62 matrix or a PAM250
matrix, and a gap weight of 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, or 4 and a length
weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. In yet another preferred embodiment,
the percent identity between two nucleotide sequences is determined
using the GAP program in the GCG software package using a
NWSgapdna.CMP matrix and a gap weight of 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 and
a length weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. A particularly preferred
set of parameters (and the one that should be used if the
practitioner is uncertain about what parameters should be applied
to determine if a molecule is within a sequence identity or
homology limitation of the invention) are a Blossum 62 scoring
matrix with a gap penalty of 12, a gap extend penalty of 4, and a
frameshift gap penalty of 5.
[0482] The percent identity between two amino acid or nucleotide
sequences can be determined using the algorithm of Meyers and
Miller ((1989) CABIOS, 4:11-17) which has been incorporated into
the ALIGN program (version 2.0), using a PAM120 weight residue
table, a gap length penalty of 12 and a gap penalty of 4.
[0483] The nucleic acid and protein sequences described herein can
be used as a "query sequence" to perform a search against public
databases to, for example, identify other family members or related
sequences. Such searches can be performed using the NBLAST and
XBLAST programs (version 2.0) of Altschul et al. (1990) J. Mol.
Biol. 215:403-10. BLAST nucleotide searches can be performed with
the NBLAST program, score=100, wordlength=12 to obtain nucleotide
sequences homologous to 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
nucleic acid molecules of the invention. BLAST protein searches can
be performed with the XBLAST program, score=50, wordlength=3 to
obtain amino acid sequences homologous to 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein molecules of the invention. To obtain
gapped alignments for comparison purposes, Gapped BLAST can be
utilized as described in Altschul et al., (1997) Nucleic Acids Res.
25:3389-3402. When utilizing BLAST and Gapped BLAST programs, the
default parameters of the respective programs (e.g., XBLAST and
NBLAST) can be used.
[0484] Particular 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptides of the present invention have an amino acid sequence
substantially identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2,
5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130. In the
context of an amino acid sequence, the term "substantially
identical" is used herein to refer to a first amino acid that
contains a sufficient or minimum number of amino acid residues that
are i) identical to, or ii) conservative substitutions of aligned
amino acid residues in a second amino acid sequence such that the
first and second amino acid sequences can have a common structural
domain and/or common functional activity. For example, amino acid
sequences that contain a common structural domain having at least
about 60%, or 65% identity, likely 75% identity, more likely 85%,
90%. 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identity to SEQ
ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130
are termed substantially identical.
[0485] In the context of nucleotide sequence, the term
"substantially identical" is used herein to refer to a first
nucleic acid sequence that contains a sufficient or minimum number
of nucleotides that are identical to aligned nucleotides in a
second nucleic acid sequence such that the first and second
nucleotide sequences encode a polypeptide having common functional
activity, or encode a common structural polypeptide domain or a
common functional polypeptide activity. For example, nucleotide
sequences having at least about 60%, or 65% identity, likely 75%
identity, more likely 85%, 90%. 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98% or 99% identity to SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15,
16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115,
122, 124, 129 or 131 are termed substantially identical.
[0486] "Misexpression or aberrant expression", as used herein,
refers to a non-wild type pattern of gene expression, at the RNA or
protein level. It includes: expression at non-wild type levels,
i.e., over or under expression; a pattern of expression that
differs from wild type in terms of the time or stage at which the
gene is expressed, e.g., increased or decreased expression (as
compared with wild type) at a predetermined developmental period or
stage; a pattern of expression that differs from wild type in terms
of decreased expression (as compared with wild type) in a
predetermined cell type or tissue type; a pattern of expression
that differs from wild type in terms of the splicing size, amino
acid sequence, post-transitional modification, or biological
activity of the expressed polypeptide; a pattern of expression that
differs from wild type in terms of the effect of an environmental
stimulus or extracellular stimulus on expression of the gene, e.g.,
a pattern of increased or decreased expression (as compared with
wild type) in the presence of an increase or decrease in the
strength of the stimulus.
[0487] "Subject", as used herein, can refer to a mammal, e.g., a
human, or to an experimental or animal or disease model. The
subject can also be a non-human animal, e.g., a horse, cow, goat,
or other domestic animal.
[0488] A "purified preparation of cells", as used herein, refers
to, in the case of plant or animal cells, an in vitro preparation
of cells and not an entire intact plant or animal. In the case of
cultured cells or microbial cells, it consists of a preparation of
at least 10% and more preferably 50% of the subject cells.
[0489] As used herein, cellular proliferative and/or
differentiative disorders include cancer, e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma,
metastatic disorders or hematopoietic neoplastic disorders, e.g.,
leukemias. A metastatic tumor can arise from a multitude of primary
tumor types, including but not limited to those of prostate, colon,
lung, breast and liver origin.
[0490] As used herein, the term "cancer" (also used interchangeably
with the terms, "hyperproliferative" and "neoplastic") refers to
cells having the capacity for autonomous growth, i.e., an abnormal
state or condition characterized by rapidly proliferating cell
growth. Cancerous disease states may be categorized as pathologic,
i.e., characterizing or constituting a disease state, e.g.,
malignant tumor growth, or may be categorized as non-pathologic,
i.e., a deviation from normal but not associated with a disease
state, e.g., cell proliferation associated with wound repair. The
term is meant to include all types of cancerous growths or
oncogenic processes, metastatic tissues or malignantly transformed
cells, tissues, or organs, irrespective of histopathologic type or
stage of invasiveness. The term "cancer" includes malignancies of
the various organ systems, such as those affecting lung, breast,
thyroid, lymphoid, gastrointestinal, and genito-urinary tract, as
well as adenocarcinomas which include malignancies such as most
colon cancers, renal-cell carcinoma, prostate cancer and/or
testicular tumors, non-small cell carcinoma of the lung, cancer of
the small intestine and cancer of the esophagus. The term
"carcinoma" is art recognized and refers to malignancies of
epithelial or endocrine tissues including respiratory system
carcinomas, gastrointestinal system carcinomas, genitourinary
system carcinomas, testicular carcinomas, breast carcinomas,
prostatic carcinomas, endocrine system carcinomas, and melanomas.
Exemplary carcinomas include those forming from tissue of the
cervix, lung, prostate, breast, head and neck, colon and ovary. The
term "carcinoma" also includes carcinosarcomas, e.g., which include
malignant tumors composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous tissues.
An "adenocarcinoma" refers to a carcinoma derived from glandular
tissue or in which the tumor cells form recognizable glandular
structures. The term "sarcoma" is art recognized and refers to
malignant tumors of mesenchymal derivation.
[0491] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders of the lung include, but are not limited to, tumors such
as bronchogenic carcinoma, including paraneoplastic syndromes,
bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors, such as
bronchial carcinoid, miscellaneous tumors, metastatic tumors, and
pleural tumors, including solitary fibrous tumors (pleural fibroma)
and malignant mesothelioma.
[0492] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders of the breast include, but are not limited to,
proliferative breast disease including, e.g., epithelial
hyperplasia, sclerosing adenosis, and small duct papillomas;
tumors, e.g., stromal tumors such as fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor,
and sarcomas, and epithelial tumors such as large duct papilloma;
carcinoma of the breast including in situ (noninvasive) carcinoma
that includes ductal carcinoma in situ (including Paget's disease)
and lobular carcinoma in situ, and invasive (infiltrating)
carcinoma including, but not limited to, invasive ductal carcinoma,
invasive lobular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, colloid (mucinous)
carcinoma, tubular carcinoma, and invasive papillary carcinoma, and
miscellaneous malignant neoplasms. Disorders in the male breast
include, but are not limited to, gynecomastia and carcinoma.
[0493] Examples of cellular proliferative and/or differentiative
disorders involving the colon include, but are not limited to,
tumors of the colon, such as non-neoplastic polyps, adenomas,
familial syndromes, colorectal carcinogenesis, colorectal
carcinoma, and carcinoid tumors.
[0494] Examples of cancers or neoplastic conditions, in addition to
the ones described above, include, but are not limited to, a
fibrosarcoma, myosarcoma, liposarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteogenic
sarcoma, chordoma, angiosarcoma, endotheliosarcoma,
lymphangiosarcoma, lymphangioendotheliosarcoma, synovioma,
mesothelioma, Ewing's tumor, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma,
gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic
cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, uterine cancer, cancer of
the head and neck, skin cancer, brain cancer, squamous cell
carcinoma, sebaceous gland carcinoma, papillary carcinoma,
papillary adenocarcinoma, cystadenocarcinoma, medullary carcinoma,
bronchogenic carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, hepatoma, bile duct
carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, Wilm's
tumor, cervical cancer, testicular cancer, small cell lung
carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, bladder carcinoma,
epithelial carcinoma, glioma, astrocytoma, medulloblastoma,
craniopharyngioma, ependymoma, pinealoma, hemangioblastoma,
acoustic neuroma, oligodendroglioma, meningioma, melanoma,
neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, leukemia, lymphoma, or Kaposi
sarcoma.
[0495] Proliferative disorders include hematopoietic neoplastic
disorders. As used herein, the term "hematopoietic neoplastic
disorders" includes diseases involving hyperplastic/neoplastic
cells of hematopoietic origin, e.g., arising from myeloid, lymphoid
or erythroid lineages, or precursor cells thereof. Preferably, the
diseases arise from poorly differentiated acute leukemias, e.g.,
erythroblastic leukemia and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.
Additional exemplary myeloid disorders include, but are not limited
to, acute promyeloid leukemia (APML), acute myelogenous leukemia
(AML) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) (reviewed in Vaickus
(1991) Crit Rev. in Oncol./Hemotol. 11:267-97); lymphoid
malignancies include, but are not limited to acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (ALL) which includes B-lineage ALL and T-lineage ALL,
chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL),
hairy cell leukemia (HLL) and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM).
Additional forms of malignant lymphomas include, but are not
limited to non-Hodgkin lymphoma and variants thereof, peripheral T
cell lymphomas, adult T cell leukemiallymphoma (ATL), cutaneous
T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGF),
Hodgkin's disease and Reed-Sternberg disease.
[0496] As used herein, disorders of the breast include, but are not
limited to, disorders of development; inflammations, including but
not limited to, acute mastitis, periductal mastitis, periductal
mastitis (recurrent subareolar abscess, squamous metaplasia of
lactiferous ducts), mammary duct ectasia, fat necrosis,
granulomatous mastitis, and pathologies associated with silicone
breast implants; fibrocystic changes; proliferative breast disease
including, but not limited to, epithelial hyperplasia, sclerosing
adenosis, and small duct papillomas; tumors including, but not
limited to, stromal tumors such as fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor,
and sarcomas, and epithelial tumors such as large duct papilloma;
carcinoma of the breast including in situ (noninvasive) carcinoma
that includes ductal carcinoma in situ (including Paget's disease)
and lobular carcinoma in situ, and invasive (infiltrating)
carcinoma including, but not limited to, invasive ductal carcinoma,
no special type, invasive lobular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma,
colloid (mucinous) carcinoma, tubular carcinoma, and invasive
papillary carcinoma, and miscellaneous malignant neoplasms.
Disorders in the male breast include, but are not limited to,
gynecomastia and carcinoma.
[0497] As used herein, disorders involving the colon include, but
are not limited to, congenital anomalies, such as atresia and
stenosis, Meckel diverticulum, congenital aganglionic
megacolon-Hirschsprung disease; enterocolitis, such as diarrhea and
dysentery, infectious enterocolitis, including viral
gastroenteritis, bacterial enterocolitis, necrotizing
enterocolitis, antibiotic-associated colitis (pseudomembranous
colitis), and collagenous and lymphocytic colitis, miscellaneous
intestinal inflammatory disorders, including parasites and
protozoa, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, transplantation,
drug-induced intestinal injury, radiation enterocolitis,
neutropenic colitis (typhlitis), and diversion colitis; idiopathic
inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn disease and ulcerative
colitis; tumors of the colon, such as non-neoplastic polyps,
adenomas, familial syndromes, colorectal carcinogenesis, colorectal
carcinoma, and carcinoid tumors.
[0498] As used herein, disorders involving the kidney (or renal
disorders) include, but are not limited to, congenital anomalies
including, but not limited to, cystic diseases of the kidney, that
include but are not limited to, cystic renal dysplasia, autosomal
dominant (adult) polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive
(childhood) polycystic kidney disease, and cystic diseases of renal
medulla, which include, but are not limited to, medullary sponge
kidney, and nephronophthisis-uremic medullary cystic disease
complex, acquired (dialysis-associated) cystic disease, such as
simple cysts; glomerular diseases including pathologies of
glomerular injury that include, but are not limited to, in situ
immune complex deposition, that includes, but is not limited to,
anti-GBM nephritis, Heymann nephritis, and antibodies against
planted antigens, circulating immune complex nephritis, antibodies
to glomerular cells, cell-mediated immunity in glomerulonephritis,
activation of alternative complement pathway, epithelial cell
injury, and pathologies involving mediators of glomerular injury
including cellular and soluble mediators, acute glomerulonephritis,
such as acute proliferative (poststreptococcal, postinfectious)
glomerulonephritis, including but not limited to, poststreptococcal
glomerulonephritis and nonstreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis,
rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis, nephrotic
syndrome, membranous glomerulonephritis (membranous nephropathy),
minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis), focal segmental
glomerulosclerosis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA
nephropathy (Berger disease), focal proliferative and necrotizing
glomerulonephritis (focal glomerulonephritis), hereditary
nephritis, including but not limited to, Alport syndrome and thin
membrane disease (benign familial hematuria), chronic
glomerulonephritis, glomerular lesions associated with systemic
disease, including but not limited to, systemic lupus
erythematosus, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, bacterial endocarditis,
diabetic glomerulosclerosis, amyloidosis, fibrillary and
immunotactoid glomerulonephritis, and other systemic disorders;
diseases affecting tubules and interstitium, including acute
tubular necrosis and tubulointerstitial nephritis, including but
not limited to, pyelonephritis and urinary tract infection, acute
pyelonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis and reflux nephropathy, and
tubulointerstitial nephritis induced by drugs and toxins, including
but not limited to, acute drug-induced interstitial nephritis,
analgesic abuse nephropathy, nephropathy associated with
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and other tubulointerstitial
diseases including, but not limited to, urate nephropathy,
hypercalcemia and nephrocalcinosis, and multiple myeloma; diseases
of blood vessels including benign nephrosclerosis, malignant
hypertension and accelerated nephrosclerosis, renal artery
stenosis, and thrombotic microangiopathies including, but not
limited to, classic (childhood) hemolytic-uremic syndrome, adult
hemolytic-uremic syndrome/thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,
idiopathic HUS/TTP, and other vascular disorders including, but not
limited to, atherosclerotic ischemic renal disease, atheroembolic
renal disease, sickle cell disease nephropathy, diffuse cortical
necrosis, and renal infarcts; urinary tract obstruction
(obstructive uropathy); urolithiasis (renal calculi, stones); and
tumors of the kidney including, but not limited to, benign tumors,
such as renal papillary adenoma, renal fibroma or hamartoma
(renomedullary interstitial cell tumor), angiomyolipoma, and
oncocytoma, and malignant tumors, including renal cell carcinoma
(hypernephroma, adenocarcinoma of kidney), which includes
urothelial carcinomas of renal pelvis.
[0499] Examples of disorders of the lung include, but are not
limited to, congenital anomalies; atelectasis; diseases of vascular
origin, such as pulmonary congestion and edema, including
hemodynamic pulmonary edema and edema caused by microvascular
injury, adult respiratory distress syndrome (diffuse alveolar
damage), pulmonary embolism, hemorrhage, and infarction, and
pulmonary hypertension and vascular sclerosis; chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, such as emphysema, chronic bronchitis, bronchial
asthma, and bronchiectasis; diffuse interstitial (infiltrative,
restrictive) diseases, such as pneumoconioses, sarcoidosis,
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, desquamative interstitial
pneumonitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary eosinophilia
(pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia), Bronchiolitis
obliterans-organizing pneumonia, diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage
syndromes, including Goodpasture syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary
hemosiderosis and other hemorrhagic syndromes, pulmonary
involvement in collagen vascular disorders, and pulmonary alveolar
proteinosis; complications of therapies, such as drug-induced lung
disease, radiation-induced lung disease, and lung transplantation;
tumors, such as bronchogenic carcinoma, including paraneoplastic
syndromes, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors,
such as bronchial carcinoid, miscellaneous tumors, and metastatic
tumors; pathologies of the pleura, including inflammatory pleural
effusions, noninflammatory pleural effusions, pneumothorax, and
pleural tumors, including solitary fibrous tumors (pleural fibroma)
and malignant mesothelioma.
[0500] As used herein. disorders involving the pancreas include
those of the exocrine pancreas such as congenital anomalies,
including but not limited to, ectopic pancreas; pancreatitis,
including but not limited to, acute pancreatitis; cysts, including
but not limited to, pseudocysts; tumors, including but not limited
to, cystic tumors and carcinoma of the pancreas; and disorders of
the endocrine pancreas such as, diabetes mellitus; islet cell
tumors, including but not limited to, insulinomas, gastrinomas, and
other rare islet cell tumors.
[0501] As used herein, disorders involving the ovary include, for
example, polycystic ovarian disease, Stein-leventhal syndrome,
Pseudomyxoma peritonei and stromal hyperthecosis; ovarian tumors
such as, tumors of coelomic epithelium, serous tumors, mucinous
tumors, endometeriod tumors, clear cell adenocarcinoma,
cystadenofibroma, brenner tumor, surface epithelial tumors; germ
cell tumors such as mature (benign) teratomas, monodermal
teratomas, immature malignant teratomas, dysgerminoma, endodermal
sinus tumor, choriocarcinoma; sex cord-stomal tumors such as,
granulosa-theca cell tumors, thecoma-fibromas, androblastomas, hill
cell tumors, and gonadoblastoma; and metastatic tumors such as
Krukenberg tumors.
[0502] Aberrant expression and/or activity of the molecules of the
invention can mediate disorders associated with bone metabolism.
"Bone metabolism" refers to direct or indirect effects in the
formation or degeneration of bone structures, e.g., bone formation,
bone resorption, etc., which can ultimately affect the
concentrations in serum of calcium and phosphate. This term also
includes activities mediated by the molecules of the invention in
bone cells, e.g. osteoclasts and osteoblasts, that can in turn
result in bone formation and degeneration. For example, molecules
of the invention can support different activities of bone resorbing
osteoclasts such as the stimulation of differentiation of monocytes
and mononuclear phagocytes into osteoclasts. Accordingly, molecules
of the invention that modulate the production of bone cells can
influence bone formation and degeneration, and thus can be used to
treat bone disorders. Examples of such disorders include, but are
not limited to, osteoporosis, osteodystrophy, osteomalacia,
rickets, osteitis fibrosa cystica, renal osteodystrophy,
osteosclerosis, anti-convulsant treatment, osteopenia,
fibrogenesis-imperfecta ossium, secondary hyperparathyrodism,
hypoparathyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, cirrhosis, obstructive
jaundice, drug induced metabolism, medullary carcinoma, chronic
renal disease, rickets, sarcoidosis, glucocorticoid antagonism,
malabsorption syndrome, steatorrhea, tropical sprue, idiopathic
hypercalcemia and milk fever.
[0503] As used herein, "a prostate disorder" refers to an abnormal
condition occurring in the male pelvic region characterized by,
e.g., male sexual dysfunction and/or urinary symptoms. This
disorder may be manifested in the form of genitourinary
inflammation (e.g., inflammation of smooth muscle cells) as in
several common diseases of the prostate including prostatitis,
benign prostatic hyperplasia and cancer, e.g., adenocarcinoma or
carcinoma, of the prostate.
[0504] Examples of immune, e.g., inflammatory, (e.g. respiratory
inflammatory) disorders or diseases include, but are not limited
to, autoimmune diseases (including, for example, diabetes mellitus,
arthritis (including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid
arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis), multiple
sclerosis, encephalomyelitis, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus
erythematosis, autoimmune thyroiditis, dermatitis (including atopic
dermatitis and eczematous dermatitis), psoriasis, Sjogren's
Syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, e.g. Crohn's disease and
ulcerative colitis, aphthous ulcer, iritis, conjunctivitis,
keratoconjunctivitis, asthma, allergic asthma, chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, scleroderma,
vaginitis, proctitis, drug eruptions, leprosy reversal reactions,
erythema nodosum leprosum, autoimmune uveitis, allergic
encephalomyelitis, acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy,
idiopathic bilateral progressive sensorineural hearing loss,
aplastic anemia, pure red cell anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenia,
polychondritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, chronic active hepatitis,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, idiopathic sprue, lichen planus, Graves'
disease, sarcoidosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, uveitis posterior,
and interstitial lung fibrosis), graft-versus-host disease, cases
of transplantation, and allergy such as, atopic allergy.
[0505] As used herein, disorders involving the heart, or
"cardiovascular disease" or a "cardiovascular disorder" includes a
disease or disorder which affects the cardiovascular system, e.g.,
the heart, the blood vessels, and/or the blood. A cardiovascular
disorder can be caused by an imbalance in arterial pressure, a
malfunction of the heart, or an occlusion of a blood vessel, e.g.,
by a thrombus. A cardiovascular disorder includes, but is not
limited to disorders such as arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis,
cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia reperfusion injury, restenosis,
arterial inflammation, vascular wall remodeling, ventricular
remodeling, rapid ventricular pacing, coronary microembolism,
tachycardia, bradycardia, pressure overload, aortic bending,
coronary artery ligation, vascular heart disease, valvular disease,
including but not limited to, valvular degeneration caused by
calcification, rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis, or
complications of artificial valves; atrial fibrillation, long-QT
syndrome, congestive heart failure, sinus node dysfunction, angina,
heart failure, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter,
pericardial disease, including but not limited to, pericardial
effusion and pericarditis; cardiomyopathies, e.g., dilated
cardiomyopathy or idiopathic cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction,
coronary artery disease, coronary artery spasm, ischemic disease,
arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death, and cardiovascular developmental
disorders (e.g., arteriovenous malformations, arteriovenous
fistulae, raynaud's syndrome, neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome,
causalgia/reflex sympathetic dystrophy, hemangioma, aneurysm,
cavernous angioma, aortic valve stenosis, atrial septal defects,
atrioventricular canal, coarctation of the aorta, ebsteins anomaly,
hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interruption of the aortic arch,
mitral valve prolapse, ductus arteriosus, patent foramen ovale,
partial anomalous pulmonary venous return, pulmonary atresia with
ventricular septal defect, pulmonary atresia without ventricular
septal defect, persistance of the fetal circulation, pulmonary
valve stenosis, single ventricle, total anomalous pulmonary venous
return, transposition of the great vessels, tricuspid atresia,
truncus arteriosus, ventricular septal defects). A cardiovascular
disease or disorder also can include an endothelial cell
disorder.
[0506] As used herein, disorders involving the brain include, but
are not limited to, disorders involving neurons, and disorders
involving glia, such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal
cells, and microglia; cerebral edema, raised intracranial pressure
and herniation, and hydrocephalus; malformations and developmental
diseases, such as neural tube defects, forebrain anomalies,
posterior fossa anomalies, and syringomyelia and hydromyelia;
perinatal brain injury; cerebrovascular diseases, such as those
related to hypoxia, ischemia, and infarction, including
hypotension, hypoperfusion, and low-flow states--global cerebral
ischemia and focal cerebral ischemia--infarction from obstruction
of local blood supply, intracranial hemorrhage, including
intracerebral (intraparenchymal) hemorrhage, subarachnoid
hemorrhage and ruptured berry aneurysms, and vascular
malformations, hypertensive cerebrovascular disease, including
lacunar infarcts, slit hemorrhages, and hypertensive
encephalopathy; infections, such as acute meningitis, including
acute pyrogenic (bacterial) meningitis and acute aseptic (viral)
meningitis, acute focal suppurative infections, including brain
abscess, subdural empyema, and extradural abscess, chronic
bacterial meningoencephalitis, including tuberculosis and
mycobacterioses, neurosyphilis, and neuroborreliosis (Lyme
disease), viral meningoencephalitis, including arthropod-borne
(Arbo) viral encephalitis, Herpes simplex virus Type 1, Herpes
simplex virus Type 2, Varicella-zoster virus (Herpes zoster),
cytomegalovirus, poliomyelitis, rabies, and human immunodeficiency
virus 1, including HIV-1 meningoencephalitis (subacute
encephalitis), vacuolar myelopathy, AIDS-associated myopathy,
peripheral neuropathy, and AIDS in children, progressive multifocal
leukoencephalopathy, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, fungal
meningoencephalitis, other infectious diseases of the nervous
system; transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases);
demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis, multiple
sclerosis variants, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and acute
necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis, and other diseases with
demyelination; degenerative diseases, such as degenerative diseases
affecting the cerebral cortex, including Alzheimer disease and Pick
disease, degenerative diseases of basal ganglia and brain stem,
including Parkinsonism, idiopathic Parkinson disease (paralysis
agitans), progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degenration,
multiple system atrophy, including striatonigral degenration,
Shy-Drager syndrome, and olivopontocerebellar atrophy, and
Huntington disease; spinocerebellar degenerations, including
spinocerebellar ataxias, including Friedreich ataxia, and
ataxia-telanglectasia, degenerative diseases affecting motor
neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neuron
disease), bulbospinal atrophy (Kennedy syndrome), and spinal
muscular atrophy; inborn errors of metabolism, such as
leukodystrophies, including Krabbe disease, metachromatic
leukodystrophy, adrenoleukodystrophy, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease,
and Canavan disease, mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, including
Leigh disease and other mitochondrial encephalomyopathies; toxic
and acquired metabolic diseases, including vitamin deficiencies
such as thiamine (vitamin B.sub.1) deficiency and vitamin B.sub.12
deficiency, neurologic sequelae of metabolic disturbances,
including hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and hepatic encephatopathy,
toxic disorders, including carbon monoxide, methanol, ethanol, and
radiation, including combined methotrexate and radiation-induced
injury; tumors, such as gliomas, including astrocytoma, including
fibrillary (diffuse) astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme,
pilocytic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and brain
stem glioma, oligodendroglioma, and ependymoma and related
paraventricular mass lesions, neuronal tumors, poorly
differentiated neoplasms, including medulloblastoma, other
parenchymal tumors, including primary brain lymphoma, germ cell
tumors, and pineal parenchymal tumors, meningiomas, metastatic
tumors, paraneoplastic syndromes, peripheral nerve sheath tumors,
including schwannoma, neurofibroma, and malignant peripheral nerve
sheath tumor (malignant schwannoma), and neurocutaneous syndromes
(phakomatoses), including neurofibromotosis, including Type 1
neurofibromatosis (NF1) and TYPE 2 neurofibromatosis (NF2),
tuberous sclerosis, and Von Hippel-Lindau disease.
[0507] As used herein, skeletal muscle disorders include, but are
not limited to, muscular dystrophy (e.g., Duchenne muscular
dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular
dystrophy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, facioscapulohumeral
muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, oculopharyngeal muscular
dystrophy, distal muscular dystrophy, and congenital muscular
dystrophy), motor neuron diseases (e.g., amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis, infantile progressive spinal muscular atrophy,
intermediate spinal muscular atrophy, spinal bulbar muscular
atrophy, and adult spinal muscular atrophy), myopathies (e.g.,
inflammatory myopathies (e.g., dermatomyositis and polymyositis),
myotonia congenita, paramyotonia congenita, central core disease,
nemaline myopathy, myotubular myopathy, and periodic paralysis),
tumors such as rhabdomyosarcoma, and metabolic diseases of muscle
(e.g., phosphorylase deficiency, acid maltase deficiency,
phosphofructokinase deficiency, debrancher enzyme deficiency,
mitochondrial myopathy, carnitine deficiency, carnitine palmityl
transferase deficiency, phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency,
phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency, lactate dehydrogenase
deficiency, and myoadenylate deaminase deficiency).
[0508] As used herein, an "endothelial cell disorder" includes a
disorder characterized by aberrant, unregulated, or unwanted
endothelial cell activity, e.g., proliferation, migration,
angiogenesis, or vascularization; or aberrant expression of cell
surface adhesion molecules or genes associated with angiogenesis,
e.g., TIE-2, FLT and FLK. Endothelial cell disorders include
tumorigenesis, tumor metastasis, psoriasis, diabetic retinopathy,
endometriosis, Grave's disease, ischemic disease (e.g.,
atherosclerosis), and chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g.,
rheumatoid arthritis).
[0509] Disorders involving the liver (hepatic disorders) include,
but are not limited to, hepatic injury; jaundice and cholestasis,
such as bilirubin and bile formation; hepatic failure and
cirrhosis, such as cirrhosis, portal hypertension, including
ascites, portosystemic shunts, and splenomegaly; infectious
disorders, such as viral hepatitis, including hepatitis A-E
infection and infection by other hepatitis viruses,
clinicopathologic syndromes, such as the carrier state,
asymptomatic infection, acute viral hepatitis, chronic viral
hepatitis, and fulminant hepatitis; autoimmune hepatitis; drug- and
toxin-induced liver disease, such as alcoholic liver disease;
inborn errors of metabolism and pediatric liver disease, such as
hemochromatosis, Wilson disease, a.sub.1-antitrypsin deficiency,
and neonatal hepatitis; primary bile acid malabsorption;
intrahepatic biliary tract disease, such as secondary biliary
cirrhosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing
cholangitis, and anomalies of the biliary tree; circulatory
disorders, such as impaired blood flow into the liver, including
hepatic artery compromise and portal vein obstruction and
thrombosis, impaired blood flow through the liver, including
passive congestion and centrilobular necrosis and peliosis hepatis,
hepatic vein outflow obstruction, including hepatic vein thrombosis
(Budd-Chiari syndrome) and veno-occlusive disease; hepatic disease
associated with pregnancy, such as preeclampsia and eclampsia,
acute fatty liver of pregnancy, and intrehepatic cholestasis of
pregnancy; hepatic complications of organ or bone marrow
transplantation, such as drug toxicity after bone marrow
transplantation, graft-versus-host disease and liver rejection, and
nonimmunologic damage to liver allografts; tumors and tumorous
conditions, such as nodular hyperplasias, adenomas, and malignant
tumors, including primary carcinoma of the liver and metastatic
tumors.
[0510] Disorders which can be treated or diagnosed by methods
described herein include, but are not limited to, disorders
associated with an accumulation in the liver of fibrous tissue,
such as that resulting from an imbalance between production and
degradation of the extracellular matrix accompanied by the collapse
and condensation of preexisting fibers. The methods described
herein can be used to diagnose or treat hepatocellular necrosis or
injury induced by a wide variety of agents including processes
which disturb homeostasis, such as an inflammatory process, tissue
damage resulting from toxic injury or altered hepatic blood flow,
and infections (e.g., bacterial, viral and parasitic). For example,
the methods can be used for the early detection of hepatic injury,
such as portal hypertension or hepatic fibrosis. In addition, the
methods can be employed to detect liver fibrosis attributed to
inborn errors of metabolism, for example, fibrosis resulting from a
storage disorder such as Gaucher's disease (lipid abnormalities) or
a glycogen storage disease, A1-antitrypsin deficiency; a disorder
mediating the accumulation (e.g., storage) of an exogenous
substance, for example, hemochromatosis (iron-overload syndrome)
and copper storage diseases (Wilson's disease), disorders resulting
in the accumulation of a toxic metabolite (e.g., tyrosinemia,
fructosemia and galactosemia) and peroxisomal disorders (e.g.,
Zellweger syndrome). Additionally, the methods described herein can
be used for the early detection and treatment of liver injury
associated with the administration of various chemicals or drugs,
such as for example, methotrexate, isonizaid, oxyphenisatin,
methyldopa, chlorpromazine, tolbutamide or alcohol, or which
represents a hepatic manifestation of a vascular disorder such as
obstruction of either the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile flow or
an alteration in hepatic circulation resulting, for example, from
chronic heart failure, veno-occlusive disease, portal vein
thrombosis or Budd-Chiari syndrome.
[0511] Additionally, the molecules of the invention can play an
important role in the etiology of certain viral diseases, including
but not limited to Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Herpes Simplex
Virus (HSV). Modulators of the activity of the molecules of the
invention could be used to control viral diseases. The modulators
can be used in the treatment and/or diagnosis of viral infected
tissue or virus-associated tissue fibrosis, especially liver and
liver fibrosis. Also, such modulators can be used in the treatment
and/or diagnosis of virus-associated carcinoma, especially
hepatocellular cancer.
[0512] Disorders related to reduced platelet number,
thrombocytopenia, include idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,
including acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, drug-induced
thrombocytopenia, HIV-associated thrombocytopenia, and thrombotic
microangiopathies: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and
hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
[0513] As used herein, neurological disorders include disorders of
the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system,
e.g., cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders, Examples of
neurological disorders include, but are not limited to, autonomic
function disorders such as hypertension and sleep disorders, and
neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia,
schizoaffective disorder, Korsakoff's psychosis, alcoholism,
anxiety disorders, or phobic disorders; learning or memory
disorders, e.g., amnesia or age-related memory loss, attention
deficit disorder, dysthymic disorder, major depressive disorder,
mania, obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychoactive substance use
disorders, anxiety, phobias, panic disorder, as well as bipolar
affective disorder, e.g., severe bipolar affective (mood) disorder
(BP-1), and bipolar affective neurological disorders, e.g.,
migraine and obesity. Such neurological disorders include, for
example, disorders involving neurons, and disorders involving glia,
such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, and
microglia; cerebral edema, raised intracranial pressure and
herniation, and hydrocephalus; malformations and developmental
diseases, such as neural tube defects, forebrain anomalies,
posterior fossa anomalies, and syringomyelia and hydromyelia;
perinatal brain injury; cerebrovascular diseases, such as those
related to hypoxia, ischemia, and infarction, including
hypotension, hypoperfusion, and low-flow states--global cerebral
ischemia and focal cerebral ischemia--infarction from obstruction
of local blood supply, intracranial hemorrhage, including
intracerebral (intraparenchymal) hemorrhage, subarachnoid
hemorrhage and ruptured berry aneurysms, and vascular
malformations, hypertensive cerebrovascular disease, including
lacunar infarcts, slit hemorrhages, and hypertensive
encephalopathy; infections, such as acute meningitis, including
acute pyogenic (bacterial) meningitis and acute aseptic (viral)
meningitis, acute focal suppurative infections, including brain
abscess, subdural empyema, and extradural abscess, chronic
bacterial meningoencephalitis, including tuberculosis and
mycobacterioses, neurosyphilis, and neuroborreliosis (Lyme
disease), viral meningoencephalitis, including arthropod-borne
(Arbo) viral encephalitis, Herpes simplex virus Type 1, Herpes
simplex virus Type 2, Varicella-zoster virus (Herpes zoster),
cytomegalovirus, poliomyelitis, rabies, and human immunodeficiency
virus 1, including HIV-1 meningoencephalitis (subacute
encephalitis), vacuolar myelopathy, AIDS-associated myopathy,
peripheral neuropathy, and AIDS in children, progressive multifocal
leukoencephalopathy, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, fungal
meningoencephalitis, other infectious diseases of the nervous
system; transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases);
demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis, multiple
sclerosis variants, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and acute
necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis, and other diseases with
demyelination; degenerative diseases, such as degenerative diseases
affecting the cerebral cortex, including Alzheimer's disease and
Pick's disease, degenerative diseases of basal ganglia and brain
stem, including Parkinsonism, idiopathic Parkinson's disease
(paralysis agitans) and other Lewy diffuse body diseases,
progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degenration, multiple
system atrophy, including striatonigral degenration, Shy-Drager
syndrome, and olivopontocerebellar atrophy, and Huntington's
disease, senile dementia, Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome,
epilepsy, and Jakob-Creutzfieldt disease; spinocerebellar
degenerations, including spinocerebellar ataxias, including
Friedreich ataxia, and ataxia-telanglectasia, degenerative diseases
affecting motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(motor neuron disease), bulbospinal atrophy (Kennedy syndrome), and
spinal muscular atrophy; inborn errors of metabolism, such as
leukodystrophies, including Krabbe disease, metachromatic
leukodystrophy, adrenoleukodystrophy, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease,
and Canavan disease, mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, including
Leigh disease and other mitochondrial encephalomyopathies; toxic
and acquired metabolic diseases, including vitamin deficiencies
such as thiamine (vitamin B.sub.1) deficiency and vitamin B.sub.12
deficiency, neurologic sequelae of metabolic disturbances,
including hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and hepatic encephatopathy,
toxic disorders, including carbon monoxide, methanol, ethanol, and
radiation, including combined methotrexate and radiation-induced
injury; tumors, such as gliomas, including astrocytoma, including
fibrillary (diffuse) astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme,
pilocytic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and brain
stem glioma, oligodendroglioma, and ependymoma and related
paraventricular mass lesions, neuronal tumors, poorly
differentiated neoplasms, including medulloblastoma, other
parenchymal tumors, including primary brain lymphoma, germ cell
tumors, and pineal parenchymal tumors, meningiomas, metastatic
tumors, paraneoplastic syndromes, peripheral nerve sheath tumors,
including schwannoma, neurofibroma, and malignant peripheral nerve
sheath tumor (malignant schwannoma), and neurocutaneous syndromes
(phakomatoses), including neurofibromotosis, including Type 1
neurofibromatosis (NF1) and TYPE 2 neurofibromatosis (NF2),
tuberous sclerosis, and Von Hippel-Lindau disease. Further
CNS-related disorders include, for example, those listed in the
American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical
manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the most current version of which
is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[0514] As used herein, diseases of the skin (dermal disorders),
include but are not limited to, disorders of pigmentation and
melanocytes, including but not limited to, vitiligo, freckle,
melasma, lentigo, nevocellular nevus, dysplastic nevi, and
malignant melanoma; benign epithelial tumors, including but not
limited to, seborrheic keratoses, acanthosis nigricans,
fibroepithelial polyp, epithelial cyst, keratoacanthoma, and
adnexal (appendage) tumors; premalignant and malignant epidermal
tumors, including but not limited to, actinic keratosis, squamous
cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and merkel cell carcinoma;
tumors of the dermis, including but not limited to, benign fibrous
histiocytoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, xanthomas, and
dermal vascular tumors; tumors of cellular immigrants to the skin,
including but not limited to, histiocytosis X, mycosis fungoides
(cutaneous T-cell lymphoma), and mastocytosis; disorders of
epidermal maturation, including but not limited to, ichthyosis;
acute inflammatory dermatoses, including but not limited to,
urticaria, acute eczematous dermatitis, and erythema multiforme;
chronic inflammatory dermatoses, including but not limited to,
psoriasis, lichen planus, and lupus erythematosus; blistering
(bullous) diseases, including but not limited to, pemphigus,
bullous pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, and noninflammatory
blistering diseases: epidermolysis bullosa and porphyria; disorders
of epidermal appendages, including but not limited to, acne
vulgaris; panniculitis, including but not limited to, erythema
nodosum and erythema induratum; and infection and infestation, such
as verrucae, molluscum contagiosum, impetigo, superficial fungal
infections, and arthropod bites, stings, and infestations.
[0515] Additionally, molecules of the invention can play an
important role in the regulation of metabolism or pain disorders.
Diseases of metabolic imbalance include, but are not limited to,
obesity, anorexia nervosa, cachexia, lipid disorders, and diabetes.
Examples of pain disorders include, but are not limited to, pain
response elicited during various forms of tissue injury, e.g.,
inflammation, infection, and ischemia, usually referred to as
hyperalgesia (described in, for example, Fields (1987) Pain, New
York: McGraw-Hill); pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders,
e.g., joint pain; tooth pain; headaches; pain associated with
surgery; pain related to irritable bowel syndrome; or chest
pain.
[0516] As used herein, the term "erythroid associated disorders"
include disorders involving aberrant (increased or deficient)
erythroblast proliferation, e.g., an erythroleukemia, and aberrant
(increased or deficient) erythroblast differentiation, e.g., an
anemia. Erythrocyte-associated disorders include anemias such as,
for example, drug- (chemotherapy-) induced anemias, hemolytic
anemias due to hereditary cell membrane abnormalities, such as
hereditary spherocytosis, hereditary elliptocytosis, and hereditary
pyropoikilocytosis; hemolytic anemias due to acquired cell membrane
defects, such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and spur cell
anemia; hemolytic anemias caused by antibody reactions, for example
to the RBC antigens, or antigens of the ABO system, Lewis system,
Ii system, Rh system, Kidd system, Duffy system, and Kell system;
methemoglobinemia; a failure of erythropoiesis, for example, as a
result of aplastic anemia, pure red cell aplasia, myelodysplastic
syndromes, sideroblastic anemias, and congenital dyserythropoietic
anemia; secondary anemia in non-hematolic disorders, for example,
as a result of chemotherapy, alcoholism, or liver disease; anemia
of chronic disease, such as chronic renal failure; and endocrine
deficiency diseases. Another example of an erythroid-associated
disorder is erythrocytosis. Erythrocytosis, a disorder of red blood
cell overproduction caused by excessive and/or ectopic
erythropoietin production, can be caused by cancers, e.g., a renal
cell cancer, a hepatocarcinoma, and a central nervous system
cancer. Diseases associated with erythrocytosis include
polycythemias, e.g., polycythemia vera, secondary polycythemia, and
relative polycythemia.
[0517] Compounds herein can be used to treat anemias, in
particular, anemias associated with cancer chemotherapy, chronic
renal failure, malignancies, adult and juvenile rheumatoid
arthritis, disorders of haemoglobin synthesis, prematurity, and
zidovudine treatment of HIV infection.
[0518] Various aspects of the invention are described in further
detail below.
Isolated Nucleic Acid Molecules
[0519] In one aspect, the invention provides, an isolated or
purified, nucleic acid molecule that encodes a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide described herein, e.g., a full
length 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or a
fragment thereof, e.g., a biologically active portion of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein. Also included is a
nucleic acid fragment suitable for use as a hybridization probe,
which can be used, e.g., to identify a nucleic acid molecule
encoding a polypeptide of the invention, 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA, and fragments suitable for use as
primers, e.g., PCR primers for the amplification or mutation of
nucleic acid molecules.
[0520] In one embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the
invention includes the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3,
4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80,
88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or a portion of
any of this nucleotide sequence. In one embodiment, the nucleic
acid molecule includes sequences encoding the human 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein (i.e., "the coding region" of
SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67, 78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or
129, as shown in SEQ ID NO:3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 55, 63, 69, 80, 90,
102, 115, 124 or 131, respectively), as well as 5' untranslated
sequences and 3' untranslated sequences. Alternatively, the nucleic
acid molecule can include only the coding region of SEQ ID NO:1, 4,
7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67, 78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 (e.g., SEQ
ID NO:3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 55, 63, 69, 80, 90, 102, 115, 124 or
131) and, e.g., no flanking sequences which normally accompany the
subject sequence. In another embodiment, the nucleic acid molecule
encodes a sequence corresponding to a fragment of the protein
corresponding to domains within SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54,
62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130.
[0521] In another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of
the invention includes a nucleic acid molecule which is a
complement of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4,
6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80,
88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or a portion of
any of these nucleotide sequences. In other embodiments, the
nucleic acid molecule of the invention is sufficiently
complementary to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3,
4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80,
88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131 such that it can
hybridize to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6,
7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88,
90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, thereby forming a
stable duplex.
[0522] In one embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the
present invention includes a nucleotide sequence which is at least
about: 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%,
96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more homologous to the entire length of the
nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12,
13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102,
113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or a portion, preferably of the
same length, of any of these nucleotide sequences.
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Nucleic Acid
Fragments
[0523] A nucleic acid molecule of the invention can include only a
portion of the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9,
10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90,
100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131. For example, such a
nucleic acid molecule can include a fragment which can be used as a
probe or primer or a fragment encoding a portion of a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, e.g., an immunogenic or
biologically active portion of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein. A fragment can comprise those nucleotides of SEQ ID
NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67,
69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, which
encode a domain of human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843. The
nucleotide sequence determined from the cloning of the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene allows for the generation
of probes and primers designed for use in identifying and/or
cloning other 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 family
members, or fragments thereof, as well as 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 homologs, or fragments thereof, from other
species.
[0524] In another embodiment, a nucleic acid includes a nucleotide
sequence that includes part, or all, of the coding region and
extends into either (or both) the 5' or 3' noncoding region. Other
embodiments include a fragment which includes a nucleotide sequence
encoding an amino acid fragment described herein. Nucleic acid
fragments can encode a specific domain or site described herein or
fragments thereof, particularly fragments thereof which are at
least 100 amino acids in length. Fragments also include nucleic
acid sequences corresponding to specific amino acid sequences
described above or fragments thereof. Nucleic acid fragments should
not to be construed as encompassing those fragments that may have
been disclosed prior to the invention.
[0525] A nucleic acid fragment can include a sequence corresponding
to a domain, region, or functional site described herein. A nucleic
acid fragment can also include one or more domain, region, or
functional site described herein. Thus, for example, a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid fragment can
include a sequence corresponding to a domain, as described
herein.
[0526] 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 probes and primers
are provided. Typically a probe/primer is an isolated or purified
oligonucleotide. The oligonucleotide typically includes a region of
nucleotide sequence that hybridizes under stringent conditions to
at least about 7, 12 or 15, preferably about 20 or 25, more
preferably about 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 75 consecutive
nucleotides of a sense or antisense sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4,
6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80,
88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131, or of a naturally
occurring allelic variant or mutant of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9,
10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90,
100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131.
[0527] In a preferred embodiment the nucleic acid is a probe which
is at least 5 or 10, and less than 200, more preferably less than
100, or less than 50, base pairs in length. It should be identical,
or differ by 1, or less than in 5 or 10 bases, from a sequence
disclosed herein. If alignment is needed for this comparison the
sequences should be aligned for maximum homology. "Looped" out
sequences from deletions or insertions, or mismatches, are
considered differences.
[0528] A probe or primer can be derived from the sense or
anti-sense strand of a nucleic acid which encodes a domain
identified in the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
sequences.
[0529] In another embodiment a set of primers is provided, e.g.,
primers suitable for use in a PCR, which can be used to amplify a
selected region of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
sequence, e.g., a domain, region, site or other sequence described
herein. The primers should be at least 5, 10, or 50 base pairs in
length and less than 100, or less than 200, base pairs in length.
The primers should be identical, or differ by one base from a
sequence disclosed herein or from a naturally occurring
variant.
[0530] A nucleic acid fragment can encode an epitope bearing region
of a polypeptide described herein.
[0531] A nucleic acid fragment encoding a "biologically active
portion of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide" can be prepared by isolating a portion of the
nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15,
16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115,
122, 124, 129 or 131, which encodes a polypeptide having a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 biological activity (e.g., the
biological activities of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 proteins are described herein), expressing the encoded portion
of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein (e.g., by
recombinant expression in vitro) and assessing the activity of the
encoded portion of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein. A nucleic acid fragment encoding a biologically active
portion of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide, can comprise a nucleotide sequence which is greater
than 300 or more nucleotides in length.
[0532] In preferred embodiments, a nucleic acid includes a
nucleotide sequence which is about 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800,
900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900,
2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2800, 2900, 3000,
3100, 3200, 3300, 3400, 3500, 3600, 3700, 3800, 3900, 4000, 4100,
4200, 4300, 4400, 4500, 4600, 4700, 4800, 4900, 5000, 5100, 5200,
5300 or more nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent
hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule of SEQ ID NO:1,
3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78,
80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131.
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Nucleic Acid Variants
[0533] The invention further encompasses nucleic acid molecules
that differ from the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, 3,
4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80,
88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131. Such differences
can be due to degeneracy of the genetic code (and result in a
nucleic acid which encodes the same 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 proteins as those encoded by the nucleotide sequence
disclosed herein. In another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid
molecule of the invention has a nucleotide sequence encoding a
protein having an amino acid sequence which differs, by at least 1,
but less than 5, 10, 20, 50, or 100 amino acid residues that shown
in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123
or 130. If alignment is needed for this comparison the sequences
should be aligned for maximum homology. "Looped" out sequences from
deletions or insertions, or mismatches, are considered
differences.
[0534] Nucleic acids of the inventor can be chosen for having
codons, which are preferred, or non-preferred, for a particular
expression system. E.g., the nucleic acid can be one in which at
least one codon, at preferably at least 10%, or 20% of the codons
has been altered such that the sequence is optimized for expression
in E. coli, yeast, human, insect, or CHO cells.
[0535] Nucleic acid variants can be naturally occurring, such as
allelic variants (same locus), homologs (different locus), and
orthologs (different organism) or can be non naturally occurring.
Non-naturally occurring variants can be made by mutagenesis
techniques, including those applied to polynucleotides, cells, or
organisms. The variants can contain nucleotide substitutions,
deletions, inversions and insertions. Variation can occur in either
or both the coding and non-coding regions. The variations can
produce both conservative and non-conservative amino acid
substitutions (as compared in the encoded product).
[0536] In a preferred embodiment, the nucleic acid differs from
that of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55,
61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129
or 131, e.g., as follows: by at least one but less than, 10, 20,
30, or 40 nucleotides; at least one but less than 1%, 5%, 10% or
20% of the nucleotides in the subject nucleic acid. If necessary
for this analysis the sequences should be aligned for maximum
homology. "Looped" out sequences from deletions or insertions, or
mismatches, are considered differences.
[0537] Orthologs, homologs, and allelic variants can be identified
using methods known in the art. These variants comprise a
nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide that is 50%, at least
about 55%, typically at least about 70-75%, more typically at least
about 80-85%, and most typically at least about 90-95% or more
identical to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8,
11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 or a fragment
of this sequence. Such nucleic acid molecules can readily be
identified as being able to hybridize under stringent conditions,
to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17,
54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 or a fragment of the
sequence. Nucleic acid molecules corresponding to orthologs,
homologs, and allelic variants of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 cDNAs of the invention can further be isolated by
mapping to the same chromosome or locus as the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene.
[0538] Preferred variants include those that are correlated with
activities specific to the molecules of the invention, i.e.
arginine methyltransferase activity, glycosyltransferase activity,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase activity, phosphoribosylglycinamide
transferase activity, acyltransferase activity, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase activity, fatty acid amide hydrolase activity,
aminotransferase activity, zinc carboxypeptidase activity, protein
kinase activity, DEAD helicase activity, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase activity or phosphatase activity, or
other.
[0539] Allelic variants of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843, e.g., human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843, include
both functional and non-functional proteins. Functional allelic
variants are naturally occurring amino acid sequence variants of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein within a
population that maintain the ability to bind a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 ligand or substrate and/or modulate cell
proliferation and/or migration mechanisms. Functional allelic
variants will typically contain only conservative substitution of
one or more amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62,
68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or substitution, deletion or
insertion of non-critical residues in non-critical regions of the
protein. Non-functional allelic variants are naturally-occurring
amino acid sequence variants of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843, e.g., human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843, protein within a population that do not have the ability to
bind a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 ligand or
substrate and/or modulate cell proliferation and/or migration
mechanisms. Non-functional allelic variants will typically contain
a non-conservative substitution, a deletion, or insertion, or
premature truncation of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 5,
8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, or a
substitution, insertion, or deletion in critical residues or
critical regions of the protein.
[0540] Moreover, nucleic acid molecules encoding other 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 family members and, thus, which
have a nucleotide sequence which differs from the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequences of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7,
9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90,
100, 102, 113, 115, 122, 124, 129 or 131 are intended to be within
the scope of the invention.
Antisense Nucleic Acid Molecules, Ribozymes and Modified 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Nucleic Acid Molecules
[0541] In another aspect, the invention features, an isolated
nucleic acid molecule which is antisense to 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843. An "antisense" nucleic acid can include a
nucleotide sequence which is complementary to a "sense" nucleic
acid encoding a protein, e.g., complementary to the coding strand
of a double-stranded cDNA molecule or complementary to an mRNA
sequence. The antisense nucleic acid can be complementary to an
entire 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 coding strand, or
to only a portion thereof (e.g., the coding region of human 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 corresponding to SEQ ID NO:3, 6,
9, 12, 15, 18, 55, 63, 69, 80, 90, 102, 115, 124 or 131,
respectively). In another embodiment, the antisense nucleic acid
molecule is antisense to a "noncoding region" of the coding strand
of a nucleotide sequence encoding 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 (e.g., the 5' and 3' untranslated regions).
[0542] An antisense nucleic acid can be designed such that it is
complementary to the entire coding region of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA, but more preferably is an
oligonucleotide which is antisense to only a portion of the coding
or noncoding region of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
mRNA. For example, the antisense oligonucleotide can be
complementary to the region surrounding the translation start site
of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA, e.g., between the
-10 and +10 regions of the target gene nucleotide sequence of
interest. An antisense oligonucleotide can be, for example, about
7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, or
more nucleotides in length.
[0543] An antisense nucleic acid of the invention can be
constructed using chemical synthesis and enzymatic ligation
reactions using procedures known in the art. For example, an
antisense nucleic acid (e.g., an antisense oligonucleotide) can be
chemically synthesized using naturally occurring nucleotides or
variously modified nucleotides designed to increase the biological
stability of the molecules or to increase the physical stability of
the duplex formed between the antisense and sense nucleic acids,
e.g., phosphorothioate derivatives and acridine substituted
nucleotides can be used. The antisense nucleic acid also can be
produced biologically using an expression vector into which a
nucleic acid has been subcloned in an antisense orientation (i.e.,
RNA transcribed from the inserted nucleic acid will be of an
antisense orientation to a target nucleic acid of interest,
described further in the following subsection).
[0544] The antisense nucleic acid molecules of the invention are
typically administered to a subject (e.g., by direct injection at a
tissue site), or generated in situ such that they hybridize with or
bind to cellular mRNA and/or genomic DNA encoding a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein to thereby inhibit expression
of the protein, e.g., by inhibiting transcription and/or
translation. Alternatively, antisense nucleic acid molecules can be
modified to target selected cells and then administered
systemically. For systemic administration, antisense molecules can
be modified such that they specifically or selectively bind to
receptors or antigens expressed on a selected cell surface, e.g.,
by linking the antisense nucleic acid molecules to peptides or
antibodies which bind to cell surface receptors or antigens. The
antisense nucleic acid molecules can also be delivered to cells
using the vectors described herein. To achieve sufficient
intracellular concentrations of the antisense molecules, vector
constructs in which the antisense nucleic acid molecule is placed
under the control of a strong pol II or pol III promoter are
preferred.
[0545] In yet another embodiment, the antisense nucleic acid
molecule of the invention is an .alpha.-anomeric nucleic acid
molecule. An .alpha.-anomeric nucleic acid molecule forms specific
double-stranded hybrids with complementary RNA in which, contrary
to the usual .beta.-units, the strands run parallel to each other
(Gaultier et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids. Res. 15:6625-6641). The
antisense nucleic acid molecule can also comprise a
2'-o-methylribonucleotide (Inoue et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids Res.
15:6131-6148) or a chimeric RNA-DNA analogue (Inoue et al. (1987)
FEBS Lett. 215:327-330).
[0546] In still another embodiment, an antisense nucleic acid of
the invention is a ribozyme. A ribozyme having specificity for a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-encoding nucleic acid can
include one or more sequences complementary to the nucleotide
sequence of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 cDNA
disclosed herein (i.e., SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15,
16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113, 115,
122, 124, 129 or 131), and a sequence having known catalytic
sequence responsible for mRNA cleavage (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,093,246
or Haselhoff and Gerlach (1988) Nature 334:585-591). For example, a
derivative of a Tetrahymena L-19 IVS RNA can be constructed in
which the nucleotide sequence of the active site is complementary
to the nucleotide sequence to be cleaved in a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843-encoding mRNA. See, e.g., Cech et al. U.S.
Pat. No. 4,987,071; and Cech et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,116,742.
Alternatively, 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA can be
used to select a catalytic RNA having a specific ribonuclease
activity from a pool of RNA molecules. See, e.g., Bartel and
Szostak (1993) Science 261:1411-1418.
[0547] 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene expression
can be inhibited by targeting nucleotide sequences complementary to
the regulatory region of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 (e.g., the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 promoter
and/or enhancers) to form triple helical structures that prevent
transcription of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene
in target cells. See generally, Helene (1991) Anticancer Drug Des.
6:569-84; Helene (1992) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 660:27-36; and Maher
(1992) Bioassays 14:807-15. The potential sequences that can be
targeted for triple helix formation can be increased by creating a
so-called "switchback" nucleic acid molecule. Switchback molecules
are synthesized in an alternating 5'-3',3'-5' manner, such that
they base pair with first one strand of a duplex and then the
other, eliminating the necessity for a sizeable stretch of either
purines or pyrimidines to be present on one strand of a duplex.
[0548] The invention also provides detectably labeled
oligonucleotide primer and probe molecules. Typically, such labels
are chemiluminescent, fluorescent, radioactive, or
calorimetric.
[0549] A 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid
molecule can be modified at the base moiety, sugar moiety or
phosphate backbone to improve, e.g., the stability, hybridization,
or solubility of the molecule. For example, the deoxyribose
phosphate backbone of the nucleic acid molecules can be modified to
generate peptide nucleic acids (see Hyrup et al. (1996) Bioorganic
& Medicinal Chemistry 4: 5-23).
[0550] As used herein, the terms "peptide nucleic acid" or "PNA"
refers to a nucleic acid mimic, e.g., a DNA mimic, in which the
deoxyribose phosphate backbone is replaced by a pseudopeptide
backbone and only the four natural nucleobases are retained. The
neutral backbone of a PNA can allow for specific hybridization to
DNA and RNA under conditions of low ionic strength. The synthesis
of PNA oligomers can be performed using standard solid phase
peptide synthesis protocols as described in Hyrup et al. (1996)
supra; Perry-O'Keefe et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93:
14670-675.
[0551] PNAs of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic
acid molecules can be used in therapeutic and diagnostic
applications. For example, PNAs can be used as antisense or
antigene agents for sequence-specific modulation of gene expression
by, for example, inducing transcription or translation arrest or
inhibiting replication. PNAs of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 nucleic acid molecules can also be used in the analysis of
single base pair mutations in a gene, (e.g., by PNA-directed PCR
clamping); as `artificial restriction enzymes` when used in
combination with other enzymes, (e.g., S1 nucleases (Hyrup et al.
(1996) supra)); or as probes or primers for DNA sequencing or
hybridization (Hyrup et al. (1996) supra; Perry-O'Keefe supra).
[0552] In other embodiments, the oligonucleotide can include other
appended groups such as peptides (e.g., for targeting host cell
receptors in vivo), or agents facilitating transport across the
cell membrane (see, e.g., Letsinger et al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA 86:6553-6556; Lemaitre et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA 84:648-652; PCT Publication No. WO88/09810) or the
blood-brain barrier (see, e.g., PCT Publication No. WO89/10134). In
addition, oligonucleotides can be modified with
hybridization-triggered cleavage agents (see, e.g., Krol et al.
(1988) Bio-Techniques 6:958-976) or intercalating agents. (see,
e.g., Zon (1988) Pharm. Res. 5:539-549). To this end, the
oligonucleotide can be conjugated to another molecule, (e.g., a
peptide, hybridization triggered cross-linking agent, transport
agent, or hybridization-triggered cleavage agent).
[0553] The invention also includes molecular beacon oligonucleotide
primer and probe molecules having at least one region which is
complementary to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic
acid of the invention, two complementary regions one having a
fluorophore and one a quencher such that the molecular beacon is
useful for quantitating the presence of the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid of the invention in a sample.
Molecular beacon nucleic acids are described, for example, in
Lizardi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,854,033; Nazarenko et al., U.S.
Pat. No. 5,866,336, and Livak et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,930.
Isolated 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Polypeptides
[0554] In another aspect, the invention features, an isolated
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, or fragment,
e.g., a biologically active portion, for use as immunogens or
antigens to raise or test (or more generally to bind) anti-26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies. 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein can be isolated from cells or tissue
sources using standard protein purification techniques. 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or fragments thereof can
be produced by recombinant DNA techniques or synthesized
chemically.
[0555] Polypeptides of the invention include those which arise as a
result of the existence of multiple genes, alternative
transcription events, alternative RNA splicing events, and
alternative translational and post-translational events. The
polypeptide can be expressed in systems, e.g., cultured cells,
which result in substantially the same post-translational
modifications present when the polypeptide is expressed in a native
cell, or in systems which result in the alteration or omission of
post-translational modifications, e.g., glycosylation or cleavage,
present in a native cell.
[0556] In a preferred embodiment, a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 polypeptide has one or more of the following
characteristics: it has the ability: (i) to transfer an activated
sugar residue to an acceptor molecule; (ii) to modulate the
processing, folding, and secretion of proteins; (iii) to transport
amino acids in the form of their gamma-glutamyl derivatives; (iv)
to regulate the metabolism of glutathione; (v) to regulate the
synthesis of purines; (vi) to modulate cell division and
proliferation; (vii) to modulate cell death; (viii) to transfer an
acyl chain to a lipid precursor; (ix) to regulate lipid
biosynthesis; (x) to catalyze the transfer of hydrogen and
electrons from one compound to another; (xi) to catalyze the
I,.sigma.-dehydrogenation of fatty acyl-CoA derivatives; (xii) to
bind and catabolize fatty acid amides; (xiii) to modulate
metabolism, e.g., amino acid metabolism; (xiv) to bind an amino
acid, e.g., L-alanine; (xv) to bind an oxo acid, e.g., pyruvate;
(xvi) to modulate the formation of a zinc ion complex with a
carbonyl group of a substrate polypeptide and polarization of the
carbon-oxygen bond; (xvii) to modulate formation of a tetrahedral
intermediate due to attack of the carbonyl carbon by water in a
reaction assisted by a carboxylate side chain of glutamate; (xviii)
to modulate the production of a dianion intermediate by rapid
ionization of the tetrahedral intermediate produced; (xix) to
modulate ATP dependent nucleic acid unwinding; (xx) to modulate RNA
metabolism (e.g., nuclear transcription, and mRNA splicing); (xxi)
to modulate steroid biosynthesis or metabolism (breakdown); (xxii)
to catalyze the removal of a phosphate group attached to a tyrosine
residue in a protein; (xxiii) to catalyze the removal of a
phosphate group attached to a serine or threonine residue in a
protein; (xxiv) to modulate an intracellular signaling pathway,
e.g., a MAP kinase or ERK kinase pathway; (xxv) to regulate the
transmission of signals from cellular receptors, e.g., cardiac cell
growth factor receptors; (xxvi) it has a molecular weight, e.g., a
deduced molecular weight, preferably ignoring any contribution of
post translational modifications, amino acid composition or other
physical characteristic of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 polypeptide, e.g., a polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14,
17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130; (xxvii) it has an
overall sequence similarity of at least 60%, preferably at least
70%, more preferably at least 80, 90, or 95%, with a polypeptide of
SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or
130; (xxviii) it is expressed in a multitude of human tissues and
cell lines (refer to section for each molecule of the invention);
and (xxix) it has specific domains which are preferably about 70%,
80%, 90% or 95% identical to the identified amino acid residues of
SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or
130 (refer to section for each molecule of the invention for domain
names and locations within amino acid sequence).
[0557] In a preferred embodiment the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein, or fragment thereof, differs from the
corresponding sequence in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62,
68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130. In one embodiment it differs by
at least one but by less than 15, 10 or 5 amino acid residues. In
another it differs from the corresponding sequence in SEQ ID NO:2,
5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 by at
least one residue but less than 20%, 15%, 10% or 5% of the residues
in it differ from the corresponding sequence in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8,
11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130. (If this
comparison requires alignment the sequences should be aligned for
maximum homology. "Looped" out sequences from deletions or
insertions, or mismatches, are considered differences.) The
differences are, preferably, differences or changes at a
non-essential residue or a conservative substitution. In a
preferred embodiment the differences are not in the identified or
conserved domain(s) within SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62,
68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130. In another embodiment one or more
differences are in the cidentified or conserved domain(s) within
SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or
130.
[0558] Other embodiments include a protein that contains one or
more changes in amino acid sequence, e.g., a change in an amino
acid residue which is not essential for activity. Such 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins differ in amino acid
sequence from SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89,
101, 114, 123 or 130, yet retain biological activity.
[0559] In one embodiment, the protein includes an amino acid
sequence at least about 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98%
or more homologous to SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68,
79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130.
[0560] A 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or
fragment is provided which varies from the sequence of SEQ ID NO:2,
5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 in
regions defined by amino acids that are not within identified or
conserved domains or regions by at least one but by less than 15,
10 or 5 amino acid residues in the protein or fragment but which
does not differ from SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79,
89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 in regions defined by amino acids that are
within identified or conserved domains or regions. (If this
comparison requires alignment the sequences should be aligned for
maximum homology. "Looped" out sequences from deletions or
insertions, or mismatches, are considered differences.) In some
embodiments the difference is at a non-essential residue or is a
conservative substitution, while in others the difference is at an
essential residue or is a non-conservative substitution.
[0561] In one embodiment, a biologically active portion of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein includes an identified
domain (refer to section for each molecule of the invention).
Moreover, other biologically active portions, in which other
regions of the protein are deleted, can be prepared by recombinant
techniques and evaluated for one or more of the functional
activities of a native 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein.
[0562] In a preferred embodiment, the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein has an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID
NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130.
In other embodiments, the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein is sufficiently or substantially identical to SEQ ID NO:2,
5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130. In yet
another embodiment, the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein is sufficiently or substantially identical to SEQ ID NO:2,
5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 and
retains the functional activity of the protein of SEQ ID NO:2, 5,
8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130, as
described in detail in the subsections above.
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144.32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Chimeric or Fusion
Proteins
[0563] In another aspect, the invention provides 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 chimeric or fusion proteins. As used
herein, a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 "chimeric protein"
or "fusion protein" includes a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 polypeptide linked to a non-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 polypeptide. A "non-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide" refers to a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence
corresponding to a protein which is not substantially homologous to
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, e.g., a protein
which is different from the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein and which is derived from the same or a different
organism. The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide
of the fusion protein can correspond to all or a portion e.g., a
fragment described herein of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 amino acid sequence. In a preferred embodiment, a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 fusion protein includes at least
one (or two) biologically active portion of a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein. The non-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 polypeptide can be fused to the N-terminus or
C-terminus of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide.
[0564] The fusion protein can include a moiety which has a high
affinity for a ligand. For example, the fusion protein can be a
GST-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 fusion protein in which
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequences are fused to
the C-terminus of the GST sequences. Such fusion proteins can
facilitate the purification of recombinant 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843. Alternatively, the fusion protein can be a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein containing a
heterologous signal sequence at its N-terminus. In certain host
cells (e.g., mammalian host cells), expression and/or secretion of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 can be increased through
use of a heterologous signal sequence.
[0565] Fusion proteins can include all or a part of a serum
protein, e.g., a portion of an immunoglobulin (e.g., IgG, IgA, or
IgE), e.g., an Fc region and/or the hinge C1 and C2 sequences of an
immunoglobulin or human serum albumin.
[0566] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 fusion proteins of
the invention can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions
and administered to a subject in vivo. The 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 fusion proteins can be used to affect the
bioavailability of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
substrate. 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 fusion proteins
can be useful therapeutically for the treatment of disorders caused
by, for example, (i) aberrant modification or mutation of a gene
encoding a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein; (ii)
mis-regulation of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
gene; and (iii) aberrant post-translational modification of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
[0567] Moreover, the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843-fusion proteins of the invention can be used as immunogens to
produce anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies
in a subject, to purify 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
ligands and in screening assays to identify molecules which inhibit
the interaction of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 with a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate.
[0568] Expression vectors are commercially available that already
encode a fusion moiety (e.g., a GST polypeptide). A 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-encoding nucleic acid can be cloned
into such an expression vector such that the fusion moiety is
linked in-frame to the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein.
Variants of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Proteins
[0569] In another aspect, the invention also features a variant of
a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide, e.g., which
functions as an agonist (mimetics) or as an antagonist. Variants of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins can be generated
by mutagenesis, e.g., discrete point mutation, the insertion or
deletion of sequences or the truncation of a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein. An agonist of the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins can retain substantially the
same, or a subset, of the biological activities of the naturally
occurring form of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein. An antagonist of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein can inhibit one or more of the activities of the
naturally occurring form of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein by, for example, competitively modulating a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-mediated activity of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein. Thus, specific
biological effects can be elicited by treatment with a variant of
limited function. Preferably, treatment of a subject with a variant
having a subset of the biological activities of the naturally
occurring form of the protein has fewer side effects in a subject
relative to treatment with the naturally occurring form of the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
[0570] Variants of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein can be identified by screening combinatorial libraries of
mutants, e.g., truncation mutants, of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein for agonist or antagonist activity.
[0571] Libraries of fragments e.g., N terminal, C terminal, or
internal fragments, of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein coding sequence can be used to generate a variegated
population of fragments for screening and subsequent selection of
variants of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein.
[0572] Variants in which a cysteine residues is added or deleted or
in which a residue which is glycosylated is added or deleted are
particularly preferred.
[0573] Methods for screening gene products of combinatorial
libraries made by point mutations or truncation, and for screening
cDNA libraries for gene products having a selected property are
known in the art. Recursive ensemble mutagenesis (REM), a new
technique which enhances the frequency of functional mutants in the
libraries, can be used in combination with the screening assays to
identify 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 variants (Arkin
and Yourvan (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:7811-7815;
Delgrave et al. (1993) Protein Engineering 6:327-331).
[0574] Cell based assays can be exploited to analyze a variegated
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 library. For example, a
library of expression vectors can be transfected into a cell line,
e.g., a cell line, which ordinarily responds to 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 in a substrate-dependent manner. The
transfected cells are then contacted with 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 and the effect of the expression of the mutant
on signaling by the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
substrate can be detected, e.g., by measuring either arginine
methyltransferase activity, glycosyltransferase activity,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase activity, phosphoribosylglycinamide
transferase activity, acyltransferase activity, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase activity, fatty acid amide hydrolase activity,
aminotransferase activity, zinc carboxypeptidase activity, protein
kinase activity, DEAD helicase activity, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase activity or phosphatase activity, or other
activity. Plasmid DNA can then be recovered from the cells which
score for inhibition, or alternatively, potentiation of signaling
by the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate, and the
individual clones further characterized.
[0575] In another aspect, the invention features a method of making
a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide, e.g., a
peptide having a non-wild type activity, e.g., an antagonist,
agonist, or super agonist of a naturally occurring 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide, e.g., a naturally
occurring 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide. The
method includes altering the sequence of a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide, e.g., altering the sequence,
e.g., by substitution or deletion of one or more residues of a
non-conserved region, a domain or residue disclosed herein, and
testing the altered polypeptide for the desired activity.
[0576] In another aspect, the invention features a method of making
a fragment or analog of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide a biological activity of a naturally occurring 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide. The method includes
altering the sequence, e.g., by substitution or deletion of one or
more residues, of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide, e.g., altering the sequence of a non-conserved region,
or a domain or residue described herein, and testing the altered
polypeptide for the desired activity.
Anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148.50226, 58764.62113.32144,
32235.23565.13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Antibodies
[0577] In another aspect, the invention provides an anti-26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibody. The term "antibody" as
used herein refers to an immunoglobulin molecule or immunologically
active portion thereof, i.e., an antigen-binding portion. Examples
of immunologically active portions of immunoglobulin molecules
include scFV and dcFV fragments, Fab and F(ab).sub.2 fragments
which can be generated by treating the antibody with an enzyme such
as papain or pepsin, respectively.
[0578] The antibody can be a polyclonal, monoclonal, recombinant,
e.g., a chimeric or humanized, fully human, non-human, e.g.,
murine, or single chain antibody. In a preferred embodiment it has
effector function and can fix complement. The antibody can be
coupled to a toxin or imaging agent.
[0579] A full-length 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein or, antigenic peptide fragment of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 can be used as an immunogen or can be used to
identify anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies
made with other immunogens, e.g., cells, membrane preparations, and
the like. The antigenic peptide of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 should include at least 8 amino acid residues of the
amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62,
68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 and encompasses an epitope of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843. Preferably, the
antigenic peptide includes at least 10 amino acid residues, more
preferably at least 15 amino acid residues, even more preferably at
least 20 amino acid residues, and most preferably at least 30 amino
acid residues.
[0580] Fragments of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
which include hydrophilic regions of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17,
54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 can be used to make, e.g.,
used as immunogens or used to characterize the specificity of an
antibody, antibodies against hydrophilic regions of the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein. Similarly, fragments of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 which include hydrophobic
regions of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101,
114, 123 or 130 can be used to make an antibody against a
hydrophobic region of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein; fragments of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
which include residues within extra cellular domain(s) of SEQ ID
NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130
can be used to make an antibody against an extracellular or
non-cytoplasmic region of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein; fragments of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 which include residues within intracellular regions of SEQ ID
NO:2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130
can be used to make an antibody against an intracellular region of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein; a fragment of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 which include residues
within identified or conserved domains of SEQ ID NO:2, 5, 8, 11,
14, 17, 54, 62, 68, 79, 89, 101, 114, 123 or 130 can be used to
make an antibody against the identified or conserved domain of the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
[0581] Antibodies reactive with, or specific or selective for, any
of these regions, or other regions or domains described herein are
provided.
[0582] Preferred epitopes encompassed by the antigenic peptide are
regions of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 located on the
surface of the protein, e.g., hydrophilic regions, as well as
regions with high antigenicity. For example, an Emini surface
probability analysis of the human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein sequence can be used to indicate the regions
that have a particularly high probability of being localized to the
surface of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein and
are thus likely to constitute surface residues useful for targeting
antibody production.
[0583] In a preferred embodiment the antibody can bind to the
extracellular portion of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein, e.g., it can bind to a whole cell which expresses the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein. In another
embodiment, the antibody binds an intracellular portion of the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
[0584] In a preferred embodiment the antibody binds an epitope on
any domain or region on 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
proteins described herein.
[0585] Additionally, chimeric, humanized, and completely human
antibodies are also within the scope of the invention. Chimeric,
humanized, but most preferably, completely human antibodies are
desirable for applications which include repeated administration,
e.g., therapeutic treatment of human patients, and some diagnostic
applications.
[0586] Chimeric and humanized monoclonal antibodies, comprising
both human and non-human portions, can be made using standard
recombinant DNA techniques. Such chimeric and humanized monoclonal
antibodies can be produced by recombinant DNA techniques known in
the art, for example using methods described in Robinson et al.
International Application No. PCT/US86/02269; Akira, et al.
European Patent Application 184,187; Taniguchi, European Patent
Application 171,496; Morrison et al. European Patent Application
173,494; Neuberger et al. PCT International Publication No. WO
86/01533; Cabilly et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,567; Cabilly et al.
European Patent Application 125,023; Better et al. (1988) Science
240:1041-1043; Liu et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
84:3439-3443; Liu et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 139:3521-3526; Sun et
al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:214-218; Nishimura et al.
(1987) Canc. Res. 47:999-1005; Wood et al. (1985) Nature
314:446-449; and Shaw et al. (1988) J. Natl. Cancer Inst.
80:1553-1559).
[0587] A humanized or complementarity determining region
(CDR)-grafted antibody will have at least one or two, but generally
all three recipient CDR's (of heavy and or light immuoglobulin
chains) replaced with a donor CDR. The antibody may be replaced
with at least a portion of a non-human CDR or only some of the
CDR's may be replaced with non-human CDR's. It is only necessary to
replace the number of CDR's required for binding of the humanized
antibody to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 or a
fragment thereof. Preferably, the donor will be a rodent antibody,
e.g., a rat or mouse antibody, and the recipient will be a human
framework or a human consensus framework. Typically, the
immunoglobulin providing the CDR's is called the "donor" and the
immunoglobulin providing the framework is called the "acceptor." In
one embodiment, the donor immunoglobulin is a non-human (e.g.,
rodent). The acceptor framework is a naturally-occurring (e.g., a
human) framework or a consensus framework, or a sequence about 85%
or higher, preferably 90%, 95%, 99% or higher identical
thereto.
[0588] As used herein, the term "consensus sequence" refers to the
sequence formed from the most frequently occurring amino acids (or
nucleotides) in a family of related sequences (See e.g., Winnaker,
(1987) From Genes to Clones (Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim,
Germany). In a family of proteins, each position in the consensus
sequence is occupied by the amino acid occurring most frequently at
that position in the family. If two amino acids occur equally
frequently, either can be included in the consensus sequence. A
"consensus framework" refers to the framework region in the
consensus immunoglobulin sequence.
[0589] An antibody can be humanized by methods known in the art.
Humanized antibodies can be generated by replacing sequences of the
Fv variable region which are not directly involved in antigen
binding with equivalent sequences from human Fv variable regions.
General methods for generating humanized antibodies are provided by
Morrison (1985) Science 229:1202-1207, by Oi et al. (1986)
BioTechniques 4:214, and by Queen et al. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,585,089,
5,693,761 and 5,693,762, the contents of all of which are hereby
incorporated by reference. Those methods include isolating,
manipulating, and expressing the nucleic acid sequences that encode
all or part of immunoglobulin Fv variable regions from at least one
of a heavy or light chain. Sources of such nucleic acid are well
known to those skilled in the art and, for example, may be obtained
from a hybridoma producing an antibody against a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide or fragment thereof. The
recombinant DNA encoding the humanized antibody, or fragment
thereof, can then be cloned into an appropriate expression
vector.
[0590] Humanized or CDR-grafted antibodies can be produced by
CDR-grafting or CDR substitution, wherein one, two, or all CDR's of
an immunoglobulin chain can be replaced. See e.g., U.S. Pat. No.
5,225,539; Jones et al. (1986) Nature 321:552-525; Verhoeyan et al.
(1988) Science 239:1534; Beidler et al. (1988) J. Immunol.
141:4053-4060; Winter U.S. Pat. No. 5,225,539, the contents of all
of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference. Winter
describes a CDR-grafting method which may be used to prepare the
humanized antibodies of the present invention (UK Patent
Application GB 2188638A, filed on Mar. 26, 1987; Winter U.S. Pat.
No. 5,225,539), the contents of which is expressly incorporated by
reference.
[0591] Also within the scope of the invention are humanized
antibodies in which specific amino acids have been substituted,
deleted or added. Preferred humanized antibodies have amino acid
substitutions in the framework region, such as to improve binding
to the antigen. For example, a humanized antibody will have
framework residues identical to the donor framework residue or to
another amino acid other than the recipient framework residue. To
generate such antibodies, a selected, small number of acceptor
framework residues of the humanized immunoglobulin chain can be
replaced by the corresponding donor amino acids. Preferred
locations of the substitutions include amino acid residues adjacent
to the CDR, or which are capable of interacting with a CDR (see
e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,089). Criteria for selecting amino acids
from the donor are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,089, e.g.,
columns 12-16 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,089, the e.g., columns 12-16
of U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,089, the contents of which are hereby
incorporated by reference. Other techniques for humanizing
antibodies are described in Padlan et al. EP 519596 A1, published
on Dec. 23, 1992.
[0592] Completely human antibodies are particularly desirable for
therapeutic treatment of human patients. Such antibodies can be
produced using transgenic mice that are incapable of expressing
endogenous immunoglobulin heavy and light chains genes, but which
can express human heavy and light chain genes. See, for example,
Lonberg and Huszar (1995) Int. Rev. Immunol. 13:65-93); and U.S.
Pat. Nos. 5,625,126; 5,633,425; 5,569,825; 5,661,016; and
5,545,806. In addition, companies such as Abgenix, Inc. (Fremont,
Calif.) and Medarex, Inc. (Princeton, N.J.), can be engaged to
provide human antibodies directed against a selected antigen using
technology similar to that described above.
[0593] Completely human antibodies that recognize a selected
epitope can be generated using a technique referred to as "guided
selection." In this approach a selected non-human monoclonal
antibody, e.g., a murine antibody, is used to guide the selection
of a completely human antibody recognizing the same epitope. This
technology is described by Jespers et al. (1994) Bio/Technology
12:899-903).
[0594] The anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibody
can be a single chain antibody. A single-chain antibody (scFV) can
be engineered as described in, for example, Colcher et al. (1999)
Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 880:263-80; and Reiter (1996) Clin. Cancer Res.
2:245-52. The single chain antibody can be dimerized or
multimerized to generate multivalent antibodies having
specificities for different epitopes of the same target 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
[0595] In a preferred embodiment, the antibody has reduced or no
ability to bind an Fc receptor. For example, it is an isotype or
subtype, fragment or other mutant, which does not support binding
to an Fc receptor, e.g., it has a mutagenized or deleted Fc
receptor binding region.
[0596] An antibody (or fragment thereof) may be conjugated to a
therapeutic moiety such as a cytotoxin, a therapeutic agent or a
radioactive ion. A cytotoxin or cytotoxic agent includes any agent
that is detrimental to cells. Examples include taxol, cytochalasin
B, gramicidin D, ethidium bromide, emetine, mitomycin, etoposide,
tenoposide, vincristine, vinblastine, colchicin, doxorubicin,
daunorubicin, dihydroxy anthracin dione, mitoxantrone, mithramycin,
actinomycin D, 1-dehydrotestosterone, glucocorticoids, procaine,
tetracaine, lidocaine, propranolol, puromycin, maytansinoids, e.g.,
maytansinol (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,208,020), CC-1065 (see U.S. Pat.
Nos. 5,475,092, 5,585,499, 5,846,545) and analogs or homologs
thereof. Therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to,
antimetabolites (e.g., methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine,
6-thioguanine, cytarabine, 5-fluorouracil decarbazine), alkylating
agents (e.g., mechlorethamine, thioepa chlorambucil, CC-1065,
melphalan, carmustine (BSNU) and lomustine (CCNU),
cyclothosphamide, busulfan, dibromomannitol, streptozotocin,
mitomycin C, and cis-dichlorodiamine platinum (II) (DDP)
cisplatin), anthracyclines (e.g., daunorubicin (formerly
daunomycin) and doxorubicin), antibiotics (e.g., dactinomycin
(formerly actinomycin), bleomycin, mithramycin, and anthramycin
(AMC)), and anti-mitotic agents (e.g., vincristine, vinblastine,
taxol and maytansinoids).
[0597] Radioactive ions include, but are not limited to iodine,
yttrium and praseodymium.
[0598] The conjugates of the invention can be used for modifying a
given biological response, the therapeutic moiety is not to be
construed as limited to classical chemical therapeutic agents. For
example, the therapeutic moiety may be a protein or polypeptide
possessing a desired biological activity. Such proteins may
include, for example, a toxin such as abrin, ricin A, pseudomonas
exotoxin, or diphtheria toxin; a protein such as tumor necrosis
factor, .alpha.-interferon, .beta.-interferon, nerve growth factor,
platelet derived growth factor, tissue plasminogen activator; or,
biological response modifiers such as, for example, lymphokines,
interleukin-1 ("IL-1"), interleukin-2 ("IL-2"), interleukin-6
("IL-6"), granulocyte macrophase colony stimulating factor
("G-CSF"), granulocyte colony stimulating factor ("G-CSF"), or
other growth factors.
[0599] Alternatively, an antibody can be conjugated to a second
antibody to form an antibody heteroconjugate as described by Segal
in U.S. Pat. No. 4,676,980.
[0600] An anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibody
(e.g., monoclonal antibody) can be used to isolate 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 by standard techniques, such as
affinity chromatography or immunoprecipitation. Moreover, an
anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibody can be used to
detect 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein (e.g., in
a cellular lysate or cell supernatant) in order to evaluate the
abundance and pattern of expression of the protein. Anti-26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies can be used
diagnostically to monitor protein levels in tissue as part of a
clinical testing procedure, e.g., to determine the efficacy of a
given treatment regimen. Detection can be facilitated by coupling
(i.e., physically linking) the antibody to a detectable substance
(i.e., antibody labelling). Examples of detectable substances
include various enzymes, prosthetic groups, fluorescent materials,
luminescent materials, bioluminescent materials, and radioactive
materials. Examples of suitable enzymes include horseradish
peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, .beta.-galactosidase, or
acetylcholinesterase; examples of suitable prosthetic group
complexes include streptavidin/biotin and avidin/biotin; examples
of suitable fluorescent materials include umbelliferone,
fluorescein, fluorescein isothiocyanate, rhodamine,
dichlorotriazinylamine fluorescein, dansyl chloride or
phycoerythrin; an example of a luminescent material includes
luminol; examples of bioluminescent materials include luciferase,
luciferin, and aequorin, and examples of suitable radioactive
material include .sup.125I, .sup.131I, .sup.35S or .sup.3H.
[0601] In preferred embodiments, an antibody can be made by
immunizing with a purified 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 antigen, or a fragment thereof, e.g., a fragment described
herein, a membrane associated antigen, tissues, e.g., crude tissue
preparations, whole cells, preferably living cells, lysed cells, or
cell fractions, e.g., membrane fractions.
[0602] Antibodies which bind only a native 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, only denatured or otherwise
non-native 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, or which
bind both, are within the invention. Antibodies with linear or
conformational epitopes are within the invention. Conformational
epitopes sometimes can be identified by identifying antibodies
which bind to native but not denatured 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein.
Recombinant Expression Vectors, Host Cells and Genetically
Engineered Cells
[0603] In another aspect, the invention includes, vectors,
preferably expression vectors, containing a nucleic acid encoding a
polypeptide described herein. As used herein, the term "vector"
refers to a nucleic acid molecule capable of transporting another
nucleic acid to which it has been linked and can include a plasmid,
cosmid or viral vector. The vector can be capable of autonomous
replication or it can integrate into a host DNA. Viral vectors
include, e.g., replication defective retroviruses, adenoviruses and
adeno-associated viruses.
[0604] A vector can include a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 nucleic acid in a form suitable for expression of the nucleic
acid in a host cell.
[0605] Preferably the recombinant expression vector includes one or
more regulatory sequences operatively linked to the nucleic acid
sequence to be expressed. The term "regulatory sequence" includes
promoters, enhancers and other expression control elements (e.g.,
polyadenylation signals). Regulatory sequences include those which
direct constitutive expression of a nucleotide sequence, as well as
tissue-specific regulatory and/or inducible sequences. The design
of the expression vector can depend on such factors as the choice
of the host cell to be transformed, the level of expression of
protein desired, and the like. The expression vectors of the
invention can be introduced into host cells to thereby produce
proteins or polypeptides, including fusion proteins or
polypeptides, encoded by nucleic acids as described herein (e.g.,
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins, mutant forms of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins, fusion
proteins, and the like).
[0606] The recombinant expression vectors of the invention can be
designed for expression of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 proteins in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. For example,
polypeptides of the invention can be expressed in E. coli, insect
cells (e.g., using baculovirus expression vectors), yeast cells or
mammalian cells. Suitable host cells are discussed further in
Goeddel, (1990) Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology
185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. Alternatively, the
recombinant expression vector can be transcribed and translated in
vitro, for example using T7 promoter regulatory sequences and T7
polymerase.
[0607] Expression of proteins in prokaryotes is most often carried
out in E. coli with vectors containing constitutive or inducible
promoters directing the expression of either fusion or non-fusion
proteins. Fusion vectors add a number of amino acids to a protein
encoded therein, usually to the amino terminus of the recombinant
protein. Such fusion vectors typically serve three purposes: 1) to
increase expression of recombinant protein; 2) to increase the
solubility of the recombinant protein; and 3) to aid in the
purification of the recombinant protein by acting as a ligand in
affinity purification. Often, a proteolytic cleavage site is
introduced at the junction of the fusion moiety and the recombinant
protein to enable separation of the recombinant protein from the
fusion moiety subsequent to purification of the fusion protein.
Such enzymes, and their cognate recognition sequences, include
Factor Xa, thrombin and enterokinase. Typical fusion expression
vectors include pGEX (Pharmacia Biotech Inc; Smith and Johnson
(1988) Gene 67:31-40), pMAL (New England Biolabs, Beverly, Mass.)
and pRIT5 (Pharmacia, Piscataway, N.J.) which fuse glutathione
S-transferase (GST), maltose E binding protein, or protein A,
respectively, to the target recombinant protein.
[0608] Purified fusion proteins can be used in 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 activity assays, (e.g., direct assays or
competitive assays described in detail below), or to generate
antibodies specific or selective for 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 proteins. In a preferred embodiment, a fusion protein
expressed in a retroviral expression vector of the present
invention can be used to infect bone marrow cells which are
subsequently transplanted into irradiated recipients. The pathology
of the subject recipient is then examined after sufficient time has
passed (e.g., six weeks).
[0609] To maximize recombinant protein expression in E. coli is to
express the protein in a host bacteria with an impaired capacity to
proteolytically cleave the recombinant protein (Gottesman (1990)
Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic
Press, San Diego, Calif. 119-128). Another strategy is to alter the
nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid to be inserted into an
expression vector so that the individual codons for each amino acid
are those preferentially utilized in E. coli (Wada et al., (1992)
Nucleic Acids Res. 20:2111-2118). Such alteration of nucleic acid
sequences of the invention can be carried out by standard DNA
synthesis techniques.
[0610] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression vector
can be a yeast expression vector, a vector for expression in insect
cells, e.g., a baculovirus expression vector or a vector suitable
for expression in mammalian cells.
[0611] When used in mammalian cells, the expression vector's
control functions are often provided by viral regulatory elements.
For example, commonly used promoters are derived from polyoma,
Adenovirus 2, cytomegalovirus and Simian Virus 40.
[0612] In another embodiment, the recombinant mammalian expression
vector is capable of directing expression of the nucleic acid
preferentially in a particular cell type (e.g., tissue-specific
regulatory elements are used to express the nucleic acid).
Non-limiting examples of suitable tissue-specific promoters include
the albumin promoter (liver-specific; Pinkert et al. (1987) Genes
Dev. 1:268-277), lymphoid-specific promoters (Calame and Eaton
(1988) Adv. Immunol. 43:235-275), in particular promoters of T cell
receptors (Winoto and Baltimore (1989) EMBO J. 8:729-733) and
immunoglobulins (Banerji et al. (1983) Cell 33:729-740; Queen and
Baltimore (1983) Cell 33:741-748), neuron-specific promoters (e.g.,
the neurofilament promoter; Byrne and Ruddle (1989) Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA 86:5473-5477), pancreas-specific promoters (Edlund
et al. (1985) Science 230:912-916), and mammary gland-specific
promoters (e.g., milk whey promoter; U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,316 and
European Application Publication No. 264,166).
Developmentally-regulated promoters are also encompassed, for
example, the murine hox promoters (Kessel and Gruss (1990) Science
249:374-379) and the .alpha.-fetoprotein promoter (Campes and
Tilghman (1989) Genes Dev. 3:537-546).
[0613] The invention further provides a recombinant expression
vector comprising a DNA molecule of the invention cloned into the
expression vector in an antisense orientation. Regulatory sequences
(e.g., viral promoters and/or enhancers) operatively linked to a
nucleic acid cloned in the antisense orientation can be chosen
which direct the constitutive, tissue specific or cell type
specific expression of antisense RNA in a variety of cell types.
The antisense expression vector can be in the form of a recombinant
plasmid, phagemid or attenuated virus. For a discussion of the
regulation of gene expression using antisense genes see Weintraub
et al., (1986) Reviews--Trends in Genetics 1:1.
[0614] Another aspect the invention provides a host cell which
includes a nucleic acid molecule described herein, e.g., a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid molecule within a
recombinant expression vector or a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 nucleic acid molecule containing sequences which
allow it to homologously recombine into a specific site of the host
cell's genome. The terms "host cell" and "recombinant host cell"
are used interchangeably herein. Such terms refer not only to the
particular subject cell but to the progeny or potential progeny of
such a cell. Because certain modifications can occur in succeeding
generations due to either mutation or environmental influences,
such progeny may not, in fact, be identical to the parent cell, but
are still included within the scope of the term as used herein.
[0615] A host cell can be any prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. For
example, a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein can be
expressed in bacterial cells such as E. coli, insect cells, yeast
or mammalian cells (such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells or
CV-1 origin, SV-40 (COS) cells). Other suitable host cells are
known to those skilled in the art.
[0616] Vector DNA can be introduced into host cells via
conventional transformation or transfection techniques. As used
herein, the terms "transformation" and "transfection" are intended
to refer to a variety of art-recognized techniques for introducing
foreign nucleic acid (e.g., DNA) into a host cell, including
calcium phosphate or calcium chloride co-precipitation,
DEAE-dextran-mediated transfection, lipofection, or
electroporation.
[0617] A host cell of the invention can be used to produce (i.e.,
express) a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
Accordingly, the invention further provides methods for producing a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein using the host
cells of the invention. In one embodiment, the method includes
culturing the host cell of the invention (into which a recombinant
expression vector encoding a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein has been introduced) in a suitable medium such that a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein is produced. In
another embodiment, the method further includes isolating a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein from the medium or the
host cell.
[0618] In another aspect, the invention features, a cell or
purified preparation of cells which include a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 transgene, or which otherwise misexpress
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843. The cell preparation can
consist of human or non-human cells, e.g., rodent cells, e.g.,
mouse or rat cells, rabbit cells, or pig cells. In preferred
embodiments, the cell or cells include a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 transgene, e.g., a heterologous form of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843, e.g., a gene derived
from humans (in the case of a non-human cell). The 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 transgene can be misexpressed, e.g.,
overexpressed or underexpressed. In other preferred embodiments,
the cell or cells include a gene which misexpresses an endogenous
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843, e.g., a gene the
expression of which is disrupted, e.g., a knockout. Such cells can
serve as a model for studying disorders which are related to
mutated or misexpressed 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
alleles or for use in drug screening.
[0619] In another aspect, the invention features, a human cell,
e.g., a hematopoietic stem cell, transformed with nucleic acid
which encodes a subject 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide.
[0620] Also provided are cells, preferably human cells, e.g., human
hematopoietic or fibroblast cells, in which an endogenous 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 is under the control of a
regulatory sequence that does not normally control the expression
of the endogenous 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene. The
expression characteristics of an endogenous gene within a cell,
e.g., a cell line or microorganism, can be modified by inserting a
heterologous DNA regulatory element into the genome of the cell
such that the inserted regulatory element is operably linked to the
endogenous 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene. For example,
an endogenous 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene which
is "transcriptionally silent," e.g., not normally expressed, or
expressed only at very low levels, can be activated by inserting a
regulatory element which is capable of promoting the expression of
a normally expressed gene product in that cell. Techniques such as
targeted homologous recombinations, can be used to insert the
heterologous DNA as described in, e.g., Chappel, U.S. Pat. No.
5,272,071; WO 91/06667, published in May 16, 1991.
Transgenic Animals
[0621] The invention provides non-human transgenic animals. Such
animals are useful for studying the function and/or activity of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein and for
identifying and/or evaluating modulators of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 activity. As used herein, a "transgenic
animal" is a non-human animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably
a rodent such as a rat or mouse, in which one or more of the cells
of the animal includes a transgene. Other examples of transgenic
animals include non-human primates, sheep, dogs, cows, goats,
chickens, amphibians, and the like. A transgene is exogenous DNA or
a rearrangement, e.g., a deletion of endogenous chromosomal DNA,
which preferably is integrated into or occurs in the genome of the
cells of a transgenic animal. A transgene can direct the expression
of an encoded gene product in one or more cell types or tissues of
the transgenic animal, other transgenes, e.g., a knockout, reduce
expression. Thus, a transgenic animal can be one in which an
endogenous 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene has been
altered by, e.g., by homologous recombination between the
endogenous gene and an exogenous DNA molecule introduced into a
cell of the animal, e.g., an embryonic cell of the animal, prior to
development of the animal.
[0622] Intronic sequences and polyadenylation signals can also be
included in the transgene to increase the efficiency of expression
of the transgene. A tissue-specific regulatory sequence(s) can be
operably linked to a transgene of the invention to direct
expression of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein to
particular cells. A transgenic founder animal can be identified
based upon the presence of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 transgene in its genome and/or expression of 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA in tissues or cells of the
animals. A transgenic founder animal can then be used to breed
additional animals carrying the transgene. Moreover, transgenic
animals carrying a transgene encoding a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein can further be bred to other transgenic
animals carrying other transgenes.
[0623] 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins or
polypeptides can be expressed in transgenic animals or plants,
e.g., a nucleic acid encoding the protein or polypeptide can be
introduced into the genome of an animal. In preferred embodiments
the nucleic acid is placed under the control of a tissue specific
promoter, e.g., a milk or egg specific promoter, and recovered from
the milk or eggs produced by the animal. Suitable animals are mice,
pigs, cows, goats, and sheep.
[0624] The invention also includes a population of cells from a
transgenic animal, as discussed, e.g., below.
Uses
[0625] The nucleic acid molecules, proteins, protein homologs, and
antibodies described herein can be used in one or more of the
following methods: a) screening assays; b) predictive medicine
(e.g., diagnostic assays, prognostic assays, monitoring clinical
trials, and pharmacogenetics); and c) methods of treatment (e.g.,
therapeutic and prophylactic).
[0626] The isolated nucleic acid molecules of the invention can be
used, for example, to express a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein (e.g., via a recombinant expression vector in a host
cell in gene therapy applications), to detect a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA (e.g., in a biological sample) or
a genetic alteration in a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
gene, and to modulate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
activity, as described further below. The 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins can be used to treat disorders
characterized by insufficient or excessive production of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate or production of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 inhibitors. In addition,
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins can be used to
screen for naturally occurring 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 substrates, to screen for drugs or compounds which modulate
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity, as well as to
treat disorders characterized by insufficient or excessive
production of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or
production of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein
forms which have decreased, aberrant or unwanted activity compared
to 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 wild type protein (e.g.,
aberrant or deficient arginine methyltransferase activity,
glycosyltransferase activity, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase activity,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase activity, acyltransferase
activity, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity, fatty acid amide
hydrolase activity, aminotransferase activity, zinc
carboxypeptidase activity, protein kinase activity, DEAD helicase
activity, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase activity or
phosphatase activity, or other activity). Moreover, the anti-26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies of the invention can
be used to detect and isolate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 proteins, regulate the bioavailability of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins, and modulate 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 activity.
[0627] A method of evaluating a compound for the ability to
interact with, e.g., bind, a subject 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 polypeptide is provided. The method includes:
contacting the compound with the subject 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide; and evaluating ability of the
compound to interact with, e.g., to bind or form a complex with the
subject 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide. This
method can be performed in vitro, e.g., in a cell free system, or
in vivo, e.g., in a two-hybrid interaction trap assay. This method
can be used to identify naturally occurring molecules which
interact with subject 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide. It can also be used to find natural or synthetic
inhibitors of subject 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
polypeptide. Screening methods are discussed in more detail
below.
Screening Assays
[0628] The invention provides methods (also referred to herein as
"screening assays") for identifying modulators, i.e., candidate or
test compounds or agents (e.g., proteins, peptides,
peptidomimetics, peptoids, small molecules or other drugs) which
bind to 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins, have a
stimulatory or inhibitory effect on, for example, 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 activity, or have a stimulatory or inhibitory
effect on, for example, the expression or activity of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate. Compounds thus
identified can be used to modulate the activity of target gene
products (e.g., 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 genes) in a
therapeutic protocol, to elaborate the biological function of the
target gene product, or to identify compounds that disrupt normal
target gene interactions.
[0629] In one embodiment, the invention provides assays for
screening candidate or test compounds which are substrates of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or polypeptide or
a biologically active portion thereof. In another embodiment, the
invention provides assays for screening candidate or test compounds
which bind to or modulate the activity of a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or polypeptide or a biologically
active portion thereof.
[0630] The test compounds of the present invention can be obtained
using any of the numerous approaches in combinatorial library
methods known in the art, including: biological libraries; peptoid
libraries (libraries of molecules having the functionalities of
peptides, but with a novel, non-peptide backbone which are
resistant to enzymatic degradation but which nevertheless remain
bioactive; see, e.g., Zuckermann et al. (1994) J. Med. Chem.
37:2678-85); spatially addressable parallel solid phase or solution
phase libraries; synthetic library methods requiring deconvolution;
the `one-bead one-compound` library method; and synthetic library
methods using affinity chromatography selection. The biological
library and peptoid library approaches are limited to peptide
libraries, while the other four approaches are applicable to
peptide, non-peptide oligomer or small molecule libraries of
compounds (Lam (1997) Anticancer Drug Des. 12:145).
[0631] Examples of methods for the synthesis of molecular libraries
can be found in the art, for example in: DeWit et al. (1993) Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:6909-13; Erb et al. (1994) Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA 91:11422-426; Zuckermann et al. (1994). J. Med.
Chem. 37:2678-85; Cho et al. (1993) Science 261:1303; Carrell et
al. (1994) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 33:2059; Carell et al.
(1994) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 33:2061; and in Gallop et al.
(1994) J. Med. Chem. 37:1233-51.
[0632] Libraries of compounds can be presented in solution (e.g.,
Houghten (1992) Biotechniques 13:412-421), or on beads (Lam (1991)
Nature 354:82-84), chips (Fodor (1993) Nature 364:555-556),
bacteria (Ladner, U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,409), spores (Ladner U.S.
Pat. No. '409), plasmids (Cull et al. (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
89:1865-1869) or on phage (Scott and Smith (1990) Science
249:386-390; Devlin (1990) Science 249:404-406; Cwirla et al.
(1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 87:6378-6382; Felici (1991) J. Mol.
Biol. 222:301-310; Ladner supra.).
[0633] In one embodiment, an assay is a cell-based assay in which a
cell which expresses a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein or biologically active portion thereof is contacted with a
test compound, and the ability of the test compound to modulate
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity is determined.
Determining the ability of the test compound to modulate 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity can be accomplished by
monitoring, for example, arginine methyltransferase activity,
glycosyltransferase activity, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase activity,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase activity, acyltransferase
activity, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity, fatty acid amide
hydrolase activity, aminotransferase activity, zinc
carboxypeptidase activity, protein kinase activity, DEAD helicase
activity, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase activity or
phosphatase activity, or other activity. The cell, for example, can
be of mammalian origin, e.g., human.
[0634] The ability of the test compound to modulate 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 binding to a compound, e.g., a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate, or to bind to 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 can also be evaluated. This can
be accomplished, for example, by coupling the compound, e.g., the
substrate, with a radioisotope or enzymatic label such that binding
of the compound, e.g., the substrate, to 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 can be determined by detecting the labeled
compound, e.g., substrate, in a complex. Alternatively, 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 could be coupled with a
radioisotope or enzymatic label to monitor the ability of a test
compound to modulate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
binding to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate
in a complex. For example, compounds (e.g., 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 substrates) can be labeled with .sup.125I,
.sup.14C, .sup.35S or .sup.3H, either directly or indirectly, and
the radioisotope detected by direct counting of radioemmission or
by scintillation counting. Alternatively, compounds can be
enzymatically labeled with, for example, horseradish peroxidase,
alkaline phosphatase, or luciferase, and the enzymatic label
detected by determination of conversion of an appropriate substrate
to product.
[0635] The ability of a compound (e.g., a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate) to interact with 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 with or without the labeling of any of
the interactants can be evaluated. For example, a microphysiometer
can be used to detect the interaction of a compound with 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 without the labeling of either
the compound or the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843.
McConnell et al. (1992) Science 257:1906-1912. As used herein, a
"microphysiometer" (e.g., Cytosensor) is an analytical instrument
that measures the rate at which a cell acidifies its environment
using a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS). Changes in
this acidification rate can be used as an indicator of the
interaction between a compound and 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843.
[0636] In yet another embodiment, a cell-free assay is provided in
which a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or
biologically active portion thereof is contacted with a test
compound and the ability of the test compound to bind to the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or biologically active
portion thereof is evaluated. Preferred biologically active
portions of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins to
be used in assays of the present invention include fragments which
participate in interactions with non-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 molecules, e.g., fragments with high surface
probability scores.
[0637] Soluble and/or membrane-bound forms of isolated proteins
(e.g., 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 proteins or
biologically active portions thereof) can be used in the cell-free
assays of the invention. When membrane-bound forms of the protein
are used, it may be desirable to utilize a solubilizing agent.
Examples of such solubilizing agents include non-ionic detergents
such as n-octylglucoside, n-dodecylglucoside, n-dodecylmaltoside,
octanoyl-N-methylglucamide, decanoyl-N-methylglucamide, Triton.RTM.
X-100, Triton.RTM. X-114, Thesit.RTM., Isotridecypoly(ethylene
glycol ether).sub.n,
3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylamminio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS),
3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylamminio]-2-hydroxy-1-propane
sulfonate (CHAPSO), or N-dodecyl=N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propane
sulfonate.
[0638] Cell-free assays involve preparing a reaction mixture of the
target gene protein and the test compound under conditions and for
a time sufficient to allow the two components to interact and bind,
thus forming a complex that can be removed and/or detected.
[0639] The interaction between two molecules can also be detected,
e.g., using fluorescence energy transfer (FET) (see, for example,
Lakowicz et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,631,169; Stavrianopoulos, et al.,
U.S. Pat. No. 4,868,103). A fluorophore label on the first, `donor`
molecule is selected such that its emitted fluorescent energy will
be absorbed by a fluorescent label on a second, `acceptor`
molecule, which in turn is able to fluoresce due to the absorbed
energy. Alternately, the `donor` protein molecule can simply
utilize the natural fluorescent energy of tryptophan residues.
Labels are chosen that emit different wavelengths of light, such
that the `acceptor` molecule label can be differentiated from that
of the `donor`. Since the efficiency of energy transfer between the
labels is related to the distance separating the molecules, the
spatial relationship between the molecules can be assessed. In a
situation in which binding occurs between the molecules, the
fluorescent emission of the `acceptor` molecule label in the assay
should be maximal. An FET binding event can be conveniently
measured through standard fluorometric detection means well known
in the art (e.g., using a fluorimeter).
[0640] In another embodiment, determining the ability of the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein to bind to a target
molecule can be accomplished using real-time Biomolecular
Interaction Analysis (BIA) (see, e.g., Sjolander and Urbaniczky
(1991) Anal. Chem. 63:2338-2345 and Szabo et al. (1995) Curr. Opin.
Struct. Biol. 5:699-705). "Surface plasmon resonance" or "BIA"
detects biospecific interactions in real time, without labeling any
of the interactants (e.g., BIAcore). Changes in the mass at the
binding surface (indicative of a binding event) result in
alterations of the refractive index of light near the surface (the
optical phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)), resulting
in a detectable signal which can be used as an indication of
real-time reactions between biological molecules.
[0641] In one embodiment, the target gene product or the test
substance is anchored onto a solid phase. The target gene
product/test compound complexes anchored on the solid phase can be
detected at the end of the reaction. Preferably, the target gene
product can be anchored onto a solid surface, and the test
compound, (which is not anchored), can be labeled, either directly
or indirectly, with detectable labels discussed herein.
[0642] It may be desirable to immobilize either 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843, an anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 antibody or its target molecule to facilitate
separation of complexed from uncomplexed forms of one or both of
the proteins, as well as to accommodate automation of the assay.
Binding of a test compound to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein, or interaction of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein with a target molecule in the presence and
absence of a candidate compound, can be accomplished in any vessel
suitable for containing the reactants. Examples of such vessels
include microtiter plates, test tubes, and micro-centrifuge tubes.
In one embodiment, a fusion protein can be provided which adds a
domain that allows one or both of the proteins to be bound to a
matrix. For example, glutathione-S-transferase/26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 fusion proteins or
glutathione-5-transferase/target fusion proteins can be adsorbed
onto glutathione sepharose beads (Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, Mo.)
or glutathione derivatized microtiter plates, which are then
combined with the test compound or the test compound and either the
non-adsorbed target protein or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein, and the mixture incubated under conditions conducive
to complex formation (e.g., at physiological conditions for salt
and pH).
[0643] Following incubation, the beads or microtiter plate wells
are washed to remove any unbound components, the matrix immobilized
in the case of beads, complex determined either directly or
indirectly, for example, as described above. Alternatively, the
complexes can be dissociated from the matrix, and the level of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 binding or activity
determined using standard techniques.
[0644] Other techniques for immobilizing either a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or a target molecule on
matrices include using conjugation of biotin and streptavidin.
Biotinylated 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or
target molecules can be prepared from
biotin-NHS(N-hydroxy-succinimide) using techniques known in the art
(e.g., biotinylation kit, Pierce Chemicals, Rockford, Ill.), and
immobilized in the wells of streptavidin-coated 96 well plates
(Pierce Chemical).
[0645] In order to conduct the assay, the non-immobilized component
is added to the coated surface containing the anchored component.
After the reaction is complete, unreacted components are removed
(e.g., by washing) under conditions such that any complexes formed
will remain immobilized on the solid surface. The detection of
complexes anchored on the solid surface can be accomplished in a
number of ways. Where the previously non-immobilized component is
pre-labeled, the detection of label immobilized on the surface
indicates that complexes were formed. Where the previously
non-immobilized component is not pre-labeled, an indirect label can
be used to detect complexes anchored on the surface; e.g., using a
labeled antibody specific or selective for the immobilized
component (the antibody, in turn, can be directly labeled or
indirectly labeled with, e.g., a labeled anti-Ig antibody).
[0646] In one embodiment, this assay is performed utilizing
antibodies reactive with 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein or target molecules but which do not interfere with binding
of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein to its
target molecule. Such antibodies can be derivatized to the wells of
the plate, and unbound target or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein trapped in the wells by antibody conjugation. Methods
for detecting such complexes, in addition to those described above
for the GST-immobilized complexes, include immunodetection of
complexes using antibodies reactive with the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or target molecule, as well as
enzyme-linked assays which rely on detecting an enzymatic activity
associated with the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein or target molecule.
[0647] Alternatively, cell free assays can be conducted in a liquid
phase. In such an assay, the reaction products are separated from
unreacted components, by any of a number of standard techniques,
including but not limited to: differential centrifugation (see, for
example, Rivas and Minton (1993) Trends Biochem Sci 18:284-7);
chromatography (gel filtration chromatography, ion-exchange
chromatography); electrophoresis (see, e.g., Ausubel et al., eds.
(1999) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, J. Wiley, New York);
and immunoprecipitation (see, for example, Ausubel et al., eds.
(1999) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, J. Wiley, New York).
Such resins and chromatographic techniques are known to one skilled
in the art (see, e.g., Heegaard (1998) J Mol Recognit 11:141-8;
Hage and Tweed (1997) J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 699:499-525).
Further, fluorescence energy transfer can also be conveniently
utilized, as described herein, to detect binding without further
purification of the complex from solution.
[0648] In a preferred embodiment, the assay includes contacting the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or biologically
active portion thereof with a known compound which binds 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 to form an assay mixture,
contacting the assay mixture with a test compound, and determining
the ability of the test compound to interact with a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, wherein determining the
ability of the test compound to interact with a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein includes determining the
ability of the test compound to preferentially bind to 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 or biologically active portion
thereof, or to modulate the activity of a target molecule, as
compared to the known compound.
[0649] The target gene products of the invention can, in vivo,
interact with one or more cellular or extracellular macromolecules,
such as proteins. For the purposes of this discussion, such
cellular and extracellular macromolecules are referred to herein as
"binding partners." Compounds that disrupt such interactions can be
useful in regulating the activity of the target gene product. Such
compounds can include, but are not limited to molecules such as
antibodies, peptides, and small molecules. The preferred target
genes/products for use in this embodiment are the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 genes herein identified. In an
alternative embodiment, the invention provides methods for
determining the ability of the test compound to modulate the
activity of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein
through modulation of the activity of a downstream effector of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 target molecule. For
example, the activity of the effector molecule on an appropriate
target can be determined, or the binding of the effector to an
appropriate target can be determined, as previously described.
[0650] To identify compounds that interfere with the interaction
between the target gene product and its cellular or extracellular
binding partner(s), a reaction mixture containing the target gene
product and the binding partner is prepared, under conditions and
for a time sufficient, to allow the two products to form complex.
In order to test an inhibitory agent, the reaction mixture is
provided in the presence and absence of the test compound. The test
compound can be initially included in the reaction mixture, or can
be added at a time subsequent to the addition of the target gene
and its cellular or extracellular binding partner. Control reaction
mixtures are incubated without the test compound or with a placebo.
The formation of any complexes between the target gene product and
the cellular or extracellular binding partner is then detected. The
formation of a complex in the control reaction, but not in the
reaction mixture containing the test compound, indicates that the
compound interferes with the interaction of the target gene product
and the interactive binding partner.
[0651] Additionally, complex formation within reaction mixtures
containing the test compound and normal target gene product can
also be compared to complex formation within reaction mixtures
containing the test compound and mutant target gene product. This
comparison can be important in those cases wherein it is desirable
to identify compounds that disrupt interactions of mutant but not
normal target gene products.
[0652] These assays can be conducted in a heterogeneous or
homogeneous format. Heterogeneous assays involve anchoring either
the target gene product or the binding partner onto a solid phase,
and detecting complexes anchored on the solid phase at the end of
the reaction. In homogeneous assays, the entire reaction is carried
out in a liquid phase. In either approach, the order of addition of
reactants can be varied to obtain different information about the
compounds being tested. For example, test compounds that interfere
with the interaction between the target gene products and the
binding partners, e.g., by competition, can be identified by
conducting the reaction in the presence of the test substance.
Alternatively, test compounds that disrupt preformed complexes,
e.g., compounds with higher binding constants that displace one of
the components from the complex, can be tested by adding the test
compound to the reaction mixture after complexes have been formed.
The various formats are briefly described below.
[0653] In a heterogeneous assay system, either the target gene
product or the interactive cellular or extracellular binding
partner, is anchored onto a solid surface (e.g., a microtiter
plate), while the non-anchored species is labeled, either directly
or indirectly. The anchored species can be immobilized by
non-covalent or covalent attachments. Alternatively, an immobilized
antibody specific or selective for the species to be anchored can
be used to anchor the species to the solid surface.
[0654] In order to conduct the assay, the partner of the
immobilized species is exposed to the coated surface with or
without the test compound. After the reaction is complete,
unreacted components are removed (e.g., by washing) and any
complexes formed will remain immobilized on the solid surface.
Where the non-immobilized species is pre-labeled, the detection of
label immobilized on the surface indicates that complexes were
formed. Where the non-immobilized species is not pre-labeled, an
indirect label can be used to detect complexes anchored on the
surface; e.g., using a labeled antibody specific or selective for
the initially non-immobilized species (the antibody, in turn, can
be directly labeled or indirectly labeled with, e.g., a labeled
anti-Ig antibody). Depending upon the order of addition of reaction
components, test compounds that inhibit complex formation or that
disrupt preformed complexes can be detected.
[0655] Alternatively, the reaction can be conducted in a liquid
phase in the presence or absence of the test compound, the reaction
products separated from unreacted components, and complexes
detected; e.g., using an immobilized antibody specific or selective
for one of the binding components to anchor any complexes formed in
solution, and a labeled antibody specific or selective for the
other partner to detect anchored complexes. Again, depending upon
the order of addition of reactants to the liquid phase, test
compounds that inhibit complex or that disrupt preformed complexes
can be identified.
[0656] In an alternate embodiment of the invention, a homogeneous
assay can be used. For example, a preformed complex of the target
gene product and the interactive cellular or extracellular binding
partner product is prepared in that either the target gene products
or their binding partners are labeled, but the signal generated by
the label is quenched due to complex formation (see, e.g., U.S.
Pat. No. 4,109,496 that utilizes this approach for immunoassays).
The addition of a test substance that competes with and displaces
one of the species from the preformed complex will result in the
generation of a signal above background. In this way, test
substances that disrupt target gene product-binding partner
interaction can be identified.
[0657] In yet another aspect, the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 proteins can be used as "bait proteins" in a
two-hybrid assay or three-hybrid assay (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No.
5,283,317; Zervos et al. (1993) Cell 72:223-232; Madura et al.
(1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268:12046-12054; Bartel et al. (1993)
Biotechniques 14:920-924; Iwabuchi et al. (1993) Oncogene
8:1693-1696; and Brent WO94/10300), to identify other proteins,
which bind to or interact with 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 ("26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-binding proteins"
or "26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-bp") and are involved in
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity. Such 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-bps can be activators or
inhibitors of signals by the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 proteins or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 targets as,
for example, downstream elements of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-mediated signaling pathway.
[0658] The two-hybrid system is based on the modular nature of most
transcription factors, which consist of separable DNA-binding and
activation domains. Briefly, the assay utilizes two different DNA
constructs. In one construct, the gene that codes for a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein is fused to a gene
encoding the DNA binding domain of a known transcription factor
(e.g., GAL-4). In the other construct, a DNA sequence, from a
library of DNA sequences, that encodes an unidentified protein
("prey" or "sample") is fused to a gene that codes for the
activation domain of the known transcription factor. (Alternatively
the: 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein can be the fused
to the activator domain.) If the "bait" and the "prey" proteins are
able to interact, in vivo, forming a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-dependent complex, the DNA-binding and activation
domains of the transcription factor are brought into close
proximity. This proximity allows transcription of a reporter gene
(e.g., lacZ) which is operably linked to a transcriptional
regulatory site responsive to the transcription factor. Expression
of the reporter gene can be detected and cell colonies containing
the functional transcription factor can be isolated and used to
obtain the cloned gene which encodes the protein which interacts
with the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
[0659] In another embodiment, modulators of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 expression are identified. For example, a cell
or cell free mixture is contacted with a candidate compound and the
expression of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA or
protein evaluated relative to the level of expression of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA or protein in the absence
of the candidate compound. When expression of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA or protein is greater in the presence of
the candidate compound than in its absence, the candidate compound
is identified as a stimulator of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 mRNA or protein expression. Alternatively, when expression of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA or protein is less
(statistically significantly less) in the presence of the candidate
compound than in its absence, the candidate compound is identified
as an inhibitor of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA or
protein expression. The level of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 mRNA or protein expression can be determined by methods
described herein for detecting 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 mRNA or protein.
[0660] In another aspect, the invention pertains to a combination
of two or more of the assays described herein. For example, a
modulating agent can be identified using a cell-based or a cell
free assay, and the ability of the agent to modulate the activity
of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein can be confirmed
in vivo, e.g., in an animal such as an animal model for aberrant or
deficient arginine methyltransferase activity, glycosyltransferase
activity, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase activity,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase activity, acyltransferase
activity, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity, fatty acid amide
hydrolase activity, aminotransferase activity, zinc
carboxypeptidase activity, protein kinase activity, DEAD helicase
activity, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase activity or
phosphatase activity.
[0661] This invention further pertains to novel agents identified
by the above-described screening assays. Accordingly, it is within
the scope of this invention to further use an agent identified as
described herein (e.g., a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
modulating agent, an antisense 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 nucleic acid molecule, a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843-specific antibody, or a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843-binding partner) in an appropriate animal model to determine
the efficacy, toxicity, side effects, or mechanism of action, of
treatment with such an agent. Furthermore, novel agents identified
by the above-described screening assays can be used for treatments
as described herein.
Detection Assays
[0662] Portions or fragments of the nucleic acid sequences
identified herein can be used as polynucleotide reagents. For
example, these sequences can be used to: (i) map their respective
genes on a chromosome e.g., to locate gene regions associated with
genetic disease or to associate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 with a disease; (ii) identify an individual from a minute
biological sample (tissue typing); and (iii) aid in forensic
identification of a biological sample. These applications are
described in the subsections below.
Chromosome Mapping
[0663] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleotide
sequences or portions thereof can be used to map the location of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 genes on a chromosome.
This process is called chromosome mapping. Chromosome mapping is
useful in correlating the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
sequences with genes associated with disease.
[0664] Briefly, 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 genes can
be mapped to chromosomes by preparing PCR primers (preferably 15-25
bp in length) from the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
nucleotide sequences. These primers can then be used for PCR
screening of somatic cell hybrids containing individual human
chromosomes. Only those hybrids containing the human gene
corresponding to the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
sequences will yield an amplified fragment.
[0665] A panel of somatic cell hybrids in which each cell line
contains either a single human chromosome or a small number of
human chromosomes, and a full set of mouse chromosomes, can allow
easy mapping of individual genes to specific human chromosomes.
(D'Eustachio et al. (1983) Science 220:919-924).
[0666] Other mapping strategies e.g., in situ hybridization
(described in Fan et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
87:6223-27), pre-screening with labeled flow-sorted chromosomes,
and pre-selection by hybridization to chromosome specific cDNA
libraries can be used to map 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 to a chromosomal location.
[0667] Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of a DNA sequence
to a metaphase chromosomal spread can further be used to provide a
precise chromosomal location in one step. The FISH technique can be
used with a DNA sequence as short as 500 or 600 bases. However,
clones larger than 1,000 bases have a higher likelihood of binding
to a unique chromosomal location with sufficient signal intensity
for simple detection. Preferably 1,000 bases, and more preferably
2,000 bases will suffice to get good results at a reasonable amount
of time. For a review of this technique, see Verma et al. (1988)
Human Chromosomes: A Manual of Basic Techniques, Pergamon Press,
New York).
[0668] Reagents for chromosome mapping can be used individually to
mark a single chromosome or a single site on that chromosome, or
panels of reagents can be used for marking multiple sites and/or
multiple chromosomes. Reagents corresponding to noncoding regions
of the genes actually are preferred for mapping purposes. Coding
sequences are more likely to be conserved within gene families,
thus increasing the chance of cross hybridizations during
chromosomal mapping.
[0669] Once a sequence has been mapped to a precise chromosomal
location, the physical position of the sequence on the chromosome
can be correlated with genetic map data. (Such data are found, for
example, in McKusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man, available
on-line through Johns Hopkins University Welch Medical Library).
The relationship between a gene and a disease, mapped to the same
chromosomal region, can then be identified through linkage analysis
(co-inheritance of physically adjacent genes), described in, for
example, Egeland et al. (1987) Nature, 325:783-787.
[0670] Moreover, differences in the DNA sequences between
individuals affected and unaffected with a disease associated with
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, can be determined.
If a mutation is observed in some or all of the affected
individuals but not in any unaffected individuals, then the
mutation is likely to be the causative agent of the particular
disease. Comparison of affected and unaffected individuals
generally involves first looking for structural alterations in the
chromosomes, such as deletions or translocations that are visible
from chromosome spreads or detectable using PCR based on that DNA
sequence. Ultimately, complete sequencing of genes from several
individuals can be performed to confirm the presence of a mutation
and to distinguish mutations from polymorphisms.
Tissue Typing
[0671] 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequences can be
used to identify individuals from biological samples using, e.g.,
restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). In this technique,
an individual's genomic DNA is digested with one or more
restriction enzymes, the fragments separated, e.g., in a Southern
blot, and probed to yield bands for identification. The sequences
of the present invention are useful as additional DNA markers for
RFLP (described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,272,057).
[0672] Furthermore, the sequences of the present invention can also
be used to determine the actual base-by-base DNA sequence of
selected portions of an individual's genome. Thus, the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleotide sequences described
herein can be used to prepare two PCR primers from the 5' and 3'
ends of the sequences. These primers can then be used to amplify an
individual's DNA and subsequently sequence it. Panels of
corresponding DNA sequences from individuals, prepared in this
manner, can provide unique individual identifications, as each
individual will have a unique set of such DNA sequences due to
allelic differences.
[0673] Allelic variation occurs to some degree in the coding
regions of these sequences, and to a greater degree in the
noncoding regions. Each of the sequences described herein can, to
some degree, be used as a standard against which DNA from an
individual can be compared for identification purposes. Because
greater numbers of polymorphisms occur in the noncoding regions,
fewer sequences are necessary to differentiate individuals. The
noncoding sequences of SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67,
78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 can provide positive individual
identification with a panel of perhaps 10 to 1,000 primers which
each yield a noncoding amplified sequence of 100 bases. If
predicted coding sequences, such as those in SEQ ID NO:3, 6, 9, 12,
15, 18, 55, 63, 69, 80, 90, 102, 115, 124 or 131 are used, a more
appropriate number of primers for positive individual
identification would be 500-2,000.
[0674] If a panel of reagents from 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 nucleotide sequences described herein is used to
generate a unique identification database for an individual, those
same reagents can later be used to identify tissue from that
individual. Using the unique identification database, positive
identification of the individual, living or dead, can be made from
extremely small tissue samples.
Use of Partial 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Sequences
in Forensic Biology
[0675] DNA-based identification techniques can also be used in
forensic biology. To make such an identification, PCR technology
can be used to amplify DNA sequences taken from very small
biological samples such as tissues, e.g., hair or skin, or body
fluids, e.g., blood, saliva, or semen found at a crime scene. The
amplified sequence can then be compared to a standard, thereby
allowing identification of the origin of the biological sample.
[0676] The sequences of the present invention can be used to
provide polynucleotide reagents, e.g., PCR primers, targeted to
specific loci in the human genome, which can enhance the
reliability of DNA-based forensic identifications by, for example,
providing another "identification marker" (i.e. another DNA
sequence that is unique to a particular individual). As mentioned
above, actual base sequence information can be used for
identification as an accurate alternative to patterns formed by
restriction enzyme generated fragments. Sequences targeted to
noncoding regions of SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67, 78,
88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 (e.g., fragments derived from the
noncoding regions of SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67, 78,
88, 100, 113, 122 or 129 having a length of at least 20 bases,
preferably at least 30 bases) are particularly appropriate for this
use.
[0677] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleotide
sequences described herein can further be used to provide
polynucleotide reagents, e.g., labeled or labelable probes which
can be used in, for example, an in situ hybridization technique, to
identify a specific tissue. This can be very useful in cases where
a forensic pathologist is presented with a tissue of unknown
origin. Panels of such 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
probes can be used to identify tissue by species and/or by organ
type.
[0678] In a similar fashion, these reagents, e.g., 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 primers or probes can be used to screen
tissue culture for contamination (i.e. screen for the presence of a
mixture of different types of cells in a culture).
Predictive Medicine
[0679] The present invention also pertains to the field of
predictive medicine in which diagnostic assays, prognostic assays,
and monitoring clinical trials are used for prognostic (predictive)
purposes to thereby treat an individual.
[0680] Generally, the invention provides, a method of determining
if a subject is at risk for a disorder related to a lesion in or
the misexpression of a gene which encodes 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843.
[0681] Such disorders include, e.g., a disorder associated with the
misexpression of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene;
cellular proliferative and/or differentiative disorder, a brain,
platelet, breast, colon, kidney (renal), lung, ovarian, prostate,
hematopoeitic, pancreatic, skeletal muscle, skin (dermal), bone
metabolism, immune, e.g., inflammatory, cardiovascular, endothelial
cell, liver, viral diseases, pain, metabolic, neurological or CNS,
erythroid or anemic disorder.
[0682] The method includes one or more of the following: detecting,
in a tissue of the subject, the presence or absence of a mutation
which affects the expression of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 gene, or detecting the presence or absence of a
mutation in a region which controls the expression of the gene,
e.g., a mutation in the 5' control region; detecting, in a tissue
of the subject, the presence or absence of a mutation which alters
the structure of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
gene; detecting, in a tissue of the subject, the misexpression of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, at the mRNA level,
e.g., detecting a non-wild type level of an mRNA; or detecting, in
a tissue of the subject, the misexpression of the gene, at the
protein level, e.g., detecting a non-wild type level of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide.
[0683] In preferred embodiments the method includes: ascertaining
the existence of at least one of: a deletion of one or more
nucleotides from the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
gene; an insertion of one or more nucleotides into the gene, a
point mutation, e.g., a substitution of one or more nucleotides of
the gene, a gross chromosomal rearrangement of the gene, e.g., a
translocation, inversion, or deletion.
[0684] For example, detecting the genetic lesion can include: (i)
providing a probe/primer including an oligonucleotide containing a
region of nucleotide sequence which hybridizes to a sense or
antisense sequence from SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67,
78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129, or naturally occurring mutants
thereof or 5' or 3' flanking sequences naturally associated with
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene; (ii) exposing the
probe/primer to nucleic acid of the tissue; and detecting, by
hybridization, e.g., in situ hybridization, of the probe/primer to
the nucleic acid, the presence or absence of the genetic
lesion.
[0685] In preferred embodiments detecting the misexpression
includes ascertaining the existence of at least one of: an
alteration in the level of a messenger RNA transcript of the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene; the presence of a non-wild
type splicing pattern of a messenger RNA transcript of the gene; or
a non-wild type level of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843.
[0686] Methods of the invention can be used prenatally or to
determine if a subject's offspring will be at risk for a
disorder.
[0687] In preferred embodiments the method includes determining the
structure of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, an
abnormal structure being indicative of risk for the disorder.
[0688] In preferred embodiments the method includes contacting a
sample from the subject with an antibody to the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or a nucleic acid, which
hybridizes specifically with the gene. These and other embodiments
are discussed below.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Assays
[0689] The presence, level, or absence of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or nucleic acid in a biological sample
can be evaluated by obtaining a biological sample from a test
subject and contacting the biological sample with a compound or an
agent capable of detecting 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein or nucleic acid (e.g., mRNA, genomic DNA) that encodes
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein such that the
presence of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or nucleic
acid is detected in the biological sample. The term "biological
sample" includes tissues, cells and biological fluids isolated from
a subject, as well as tissues, cells and fluids present within a
subject. A preferred biological sample is serum. The level of
expression of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene can be
measured in a number of ways, including, but not limited to:
measuring the mRNA encoded by the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 genes; measuring the amount of protein encoded by the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 genes; or measuring the
activity of the protein encoded by the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 genes.
[0690] The level of mRNA corresponding to the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene in a cell can be determined both by in
situ and by in vitro formats.
[0691] The isolated mRNA can be used in hybridization or
amplification assays that include, but are not limited to, Southern
or Northern analyses, polymerase chain reaction analyses and probe
arrays. One preferred diagnostic method for the detection of mRNA
levels involves contacting the isolated mRNA with a nucleic acid
molecule (probe) that can hybridize to the mRNA encoded by the gene
being detected. The nucleic acid probe can be, for example, a
full-length 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid, such
as the nucleic acid of SEQ ID NO:1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 53, 61, 67,
78, 88, 100, 113, 122 or 129, or a portion thereof, such as an
oligonucleotide of at least 7, 15, 30, 50, 100, 250 or 500
nucleotides in length and sufficient to specifically hybridize
under stringent conditions to 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 mRNA or genomic DNA. Other suitable probes for use in the
diagnostic assays are described herein.
[0692] In one format, mRNA (or cDNA) is immobilized on a surface
and contacted with the probes, for example by running the isolated
mRNA on an agarose gel and transferring the mRNA from the gel to a
membrane, such as nitrocellulose. In an alternative format, the
probes are immobilized on a surface and the mRNA (or cDNA) is
contacted with the probes, for example, in a two-dimensional gene
chip array. A skilled artisan can adapt known mRNA detection
methods for use in detecting the level of mRNA encoded by the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 genes.
[0693] The level of mRNA in a sample that is encoded by one of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 can be evaluated with
nucleic acid amplification, e.g., by rtPCR (Mullis (1987) U.S. Pat.
No. 4,683,202), ligase chain reaction (Barany (1991) Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA 88:189-193), self sustained sequence replication
(Guatelli et al., (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:1874-1878),
transcriptional amplification system (Kwoh et al., (1989), Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:1173-1177), Q-Beta Replicase (Lizardi et
al., (1988) Bio/Technology 6:1197), rolling circle replication
(Lizardi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,854,033) or any other nucleic acid
amplification method, followed by the detection of the amplified
molecules using techniques known in the art. As used herein,
amplification primers are defined as being a pair of nucleic acid
molecules that can anneal to 5' or 3' regions of a gene (plus and
minus strands, respectively, or vice-versa) and contain a short
region in between. In general, amplification primers are from about
10 to 30 nucleotides in length and flank a region from about 50 to
200 nucleotides in length. Under appropriate conditions and with
appropriate reagents, such primers permit the amplification of a
nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence flanked by
the primers.
[0694] For in situ methods, a cell or tissue sample can be
prepared/processed and immobilized on a support, typically a glass
slide, and then contacted with a probe that can hybridize to mRNA
that encodes the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene being
analyzed.
[0695] In another embodiment, the methods further contacting a
control sample with a compound or agent capable of detecting 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA, or genomic DNA, and
comparing the presence of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA
or genomic DNA in the control sample with the presence of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA or genomic DNA in the test
sample.
[0696] A variety of methods can be used to determine the level of
protein encoded by 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843. In
general, these methods include contacting an agent that selectively
binds to the protein, such as an antibody with a sample, to
evaluate the level of protein in the sample. In a preferred
embodiment, the antibody bears a detectable label. Antibodies can
be polyclonal, or more preferably, monoclonal. An intact antibody,
or a fragment thereof (e.g., Fab or F(ab').sub.2) can be used. The
term "labeled", with regard to the probe or antibody, is intended
to encompass direct labeling of the probe or antibody by coupling
(i.e., physically linking) a detectable substance to the probe or
antibody, as well as indirect labeling of the probe or antibody by
reactivity with a detectable substance. Examples of detectable
substances are provided herein.
[0697] The detection methods can be used to detect 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein in a biological sample in vitro
as well as in vivo. In vitro techniques for detection of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein include enzyme linked
immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), immunoprecipitations,
immunofluorescence, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), radioimmunoassay
(RIA), and Western blot analysis. In vivo techniques for detection
of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein include
introducing into a subject a labeled anti-26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 antibody. For example, the antibody can be
labeled with a radioactive marker whose presence and location in a
subject can be detected by standard imaging techniques.
[0698] In another embodiment, the methods further include
contacting the control sample with a compound or agent capable of
detecting 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein, and
comparing the presence of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein in the control sample with the presence of 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein in the test sample.
[0699] The invention also includes kits for detecting the presence
of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 in a biological sample.
For example, the kit can include a compound or agent capable of
detecting 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or mRNA in
a biological sample; and a standard. The compound or agent can be
packaged in a suitable container. The kit can further comprise
instructions for using the kit to detect 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or nucleic acid.
[0700] For antibody-based kits, the kit can include: (1) a first
antibody (e.g., attached to a solid support) which binds to a
polypeptide corresponding to a marker of the invention; and,
optionally, (2) a second, different antibody which binds to either
the polypeptide or the first antibody and is conjugated to a
detectable agent.
[0701] For oligonucleotide-based kits, the kit can include: (1) an
oligonucleotide, e.g., a detectably labeled oligonucleotide, which
hybridizes to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide
corresponding to a marker of the invention or (2) a pair of primers
useful for amplifying a nucleic acid molecule corresponding to a
marker of the invention. The kit can also includes a buffering
agent, a preservative, or a protein stabilizing agent. The kit can
also includes components necessary for detecting the detectable
agent (e.g., an enzyme or a substrate). The kit can also contain a
control sample or a series of control samples which can be assayed
and compared to the test sample contained. Each component of the
kit can be enclosed within an individual container and all of the
various containers can be within a single package, along with
instructions for interpreting the results of the assays performed
using the kit.
[0702] The diagnostic methods described herein can identify
subjects having, or at risk of developing, a disease or disorder
associated with misexpressed or aberrant or unwanted 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or activity. As used herein,
the term "unwanted" includes an unwanted phenomenon involved in a
biological response such as pain or deregulated cell
proliferation.
[0703] In one embodiment, a disease or disorder associated with
aberrant or unwanted 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
expression or activity is identified. A test sample is obtained
from a subject and 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or
nucleic acid (e.g., mRNA or genomic DNA) is evaluated, wherein the
level, e.g., the presence or absence, of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or nucleic acid is diagnostic for a
subject having or at risk of developing a disease or disorder
associated with aberrant or unwanted 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 expression or activity. As used herein, a "test
sample" refers to a biological sample obtained from a subject of
interest, including a biological fluid (e.g., serum), cell sample,
or tissue.
[0704] The prognostic assays described herein can be used to
determine whether a subject can be administered an agent (e.g., an
agonist, antagonist, peptidomimetic, protein, peptide, nucleic
acid, small molecule, or other drug candidate) to treat a disease
or disorder associated with aberrant or unwanted 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or activity. For example,
such methods can be used to determine whether a subject can be
effectively treated with an agent for a cellular proliferation or
differentiation disorder, a brain, platelet, breast, colon, kidney
(renal), lung, ovarian, prostate, hematopoeitic, pancreatic,
skeletal muscle, skin (dermal), bone metabolism, immune, e.g.,
inflammatory, cardiovascular, endothelial cell, liver, viral
diseases, pain, metabolic, neurological or CNS, erythroid or anemic
disorder.
[0705] The methods of the invention can also be used to detect
genetic alterations in a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
gene, thereby determining if a subject with the altered gene is at
risk for a disorder characterized by misregulation in 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein activity or nucleic acid
expression, such as a cellular proliferation or differentiation
disorder, a brain, platelet, breast, colon, kidney (renal), lung,
ovarian, prostate, hematopoeitic, pancreatic, skeletal muscle, skin
(dermal), bone metabolism, immune, e.g., inflammatory,
cardiovascular, endothelial cell, liver, viral diseases, pain,
metabolic, neurological or CNS, erythroid or anemic disorder. In
preferred embodiments, the methods include detecting, in a sample
from the subject, the presence or absence of a genetic alteration
characterized by at least one of an alteration affecting the
integrity of a gene encoding a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843-protein, or the mis-expression of the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene. For example, such genetic alterations
can be detected by ascertaining the existence of at least one of 1)
a deletion of one or more nucleotides from a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene; 2) an addition of one or more
nucleotides to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene; 3) a
substitution of one or more nucleotides of a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, 4) a chromosomal rearrangement of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene; 5) an alteration in
the level of a messenger RNA transcript of a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, 6) aberrant modification of a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, such as of the methylation
pattern of the genomic DNA, 7) the presence of a non-wild type
splicing pattern of a messenger RNA transcript of a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, 8) a non-wild type level of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-protein, 9) allelic loss
of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene, and 10)
inappropriate post-translational modification of a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-protein.
[0706] An alteration can be detected without a probe/primer in a
polymerase chain reaction, such as anchor PCR or RACE PCR, or,
alternatively, in a ligation chain reaction (LCR), the latter of
which can be particularly useful for detecting point mutations in
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-gene. This method can
include the steps of collecting a sample of cells from a subject,
isolating nucleic acid (e.g., genomic, mRNA or both) from the
sample, contacting the nucleic acid sample with one or more primers
which specifically hybridize to a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 gene under conditions such that hybridization and
amplification of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene
(if present) occurs, and detecting the presence or absence of an
amplification product, or detecting the size of the amplification
product and comparing the length to a control sample. It is
anticipated that PCR and/or LCR may be desirable to use as a
preliminary amplification step in conjunction with any of the
techniques used for detecting mutations described herein.
Alternatively, other amplification methods described herein or
known in the art can be used.
[0707] In another embodiment, mutations in a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene from a sample cell can be identified by
detecting alterations in restriction enzyme cleavage patterns. For
example, sample and control DNA is isolated, amplified
(optionally), digested with one or more restriction endonucleases,
and fragment length sizes are determined, e.g., by gel
electrophoresis and compared. Differences in fragment length sizes
between sample and control DNA indicates mutations in the sample
DNA. Moreover, the use of sequence specific ribozymes (see, for
example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,498,531) can be used to score for the
presence of specific mutations by development or loss of a ribozyme
cleavage site.
[0708] In other embodiments, genetic mutations in 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 can be identified by hybridizing a
sample and control nucleic acids, e.g., DNA or RNA, two dimensional
arrays, e.g., chip based arrays. Such arrays include a plurality of
addresses, each of which is positionally distinguishable from the
other. A different probe is located at each address of the
plurality. The arrays can have a high density of addresses, e.g.,
can contain hundreds or thousands of oligonucleotides probes
(Cronin et al. (1996) Human Mutation 7: 244-255; Kozal et al.
(1996) Nature Medicine 2: 753-759). For example, genetic mutations
in 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 can be identified in two
dimensional arrays containing light-generated DNA probes as
described in Cronin, M. T. et al. supra. Briefly, a first
hybridization array of probes can be used to scan through long
stretches of DNA in a sample and control to identify base changes
between the sequences by making linear arrays of sequential
overlapping probes. This step allows the identification of point
mutations. This step is followed by a second hybridization array
that allows the characterization of specific mutations by using
smaller, specialized probe arrays complementary to all variants or
mutations detected. Each mutation array is composed of parallel
probe sets, one complementary to the wild-type gene and the other
complementary to the mutant gene.
[0709] In yet another embodiment, any of a variety of sequencing
reactions known in the art can be used to directly sequence the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene and detect mutations
by comparing the sequence of the sample 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 with the corresponding wild-type (control) sequence.
Automated sequencing procedures can be utilized when performing the
diagnostic assays (Naeve et al. (1995) Biotechniques 19:448-53),
including sequencing by mass spectrometry.
[0710] Other methods for detecting mutations in the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene include methods in which
protection from cleavage agents is used to detect mismatched bases
in RNA/RNA or RNA/DNA heteroduplexes (Myers et al. (1985) Science
230:1242; Cotton et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad Sci USA 85:4397;
Saleeba et al. (1992) Methods Enzymol. 217:286-295).
[0711] In still another embodiment, the mismatch cleavage reaction
employs one or more proteins that recognize mismatched base pairs
in double-stranded DNA (so called "DNA mismatch repair" enzymes) in
defined systems for detecting and mapping point mutations in 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 cDNAs obtained from samples of
cells. For example, the mutY enzyme of E. coli cleaves A at G/A
mismatches and the thymidine DNA glycosylase from HeLa cells
cleaves T at G/T mismatches (Hsu et al. (1994) Carcinogenesis
15:1657-1662; U.S. Pat. No. 5,459,039).
[0712] In other embodiments, alterations in electrophoretic
mobility will be used to identify mutations in 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 genes. For example, single strand conformation
polymorphism (SSCP) can be used to detect differences in
electrophoretic mobility between mutant and wild type nucleic acids
(Orita et al. (1989) Proc Natl. Acad. Sci USA: 86:2766, see also
Cotton (1993) Mutat. Res. 285:125-144; and Hayashi (1992) Genet.
Anal. Tech. Appl. 9:73-79). Single-stranded DNA fragments of sample
and control 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acids will
be denatured and allowed to renature. The secondary structure of
single-stranded nucleic acids varies according to sequence, the
resulting alteration in electrophoretic mobility enables the
detection of even a single base change. The DNA fragments can be
labeled or detected with labeled probes. The sensitivity of the
assay can be enhanced by using RNA (rather than DNA), in which the
secondary structure is more sensitive to a change in sequence. In a
preferred embodiment, the subject method utilizes heteroduplex
analysis to separate double stranded heteroduplex molecules on the
basis of changes in electrophoretic mobility (Keen et al. (1991)
Trends Genet 7:5).
[0713] In yet another embodiment, the movement of mutant or
wild-type fragments in polyacrylamide gels containing a gradient of
denaturant is assayed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
(DGGE) (Myers et al. (1985) Nature 313:495). When DGGE is used as
the method of analysis, DNA will be modified to insure that it does
not completely denature, for example by adding a GC clamp of
approximately 40 bp of high-melting GC-rich DNA by PCR. In a
further embodiment, a temperature gradient is used in place of a
denaturing gradient to identify differences in the mobility of
control and sample DNA (Rosenbaum and Reissner (1987) Biophys Chem
265:12753).
[0714] Examples of other techniques for detecting point mutations
include, but are not limited to, selective oligonucleotide
hybridization, selective amplification, or selective primer
extension (Saiki et al. (1986) Nature 324:163); Saiki et al. (1989)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 86:6230).
[0715] Alternatively, allele specific amplification technology
which depends on selective PCR amplification can be used in
conjunction with the instant invention. Oligonucleotides used as
primers for specific amplification can carry the mutation of
interest in the center of the molecule (so that amplification
depends on differential hybridization) (Gibbs et al. (1989) Nucleic
Acids Res. 17:2437-2448) or at the extreme 3' end of one primer
where, under appropriate conditions, mismatch can prevent, or
reduce polymerase extension (Prossner (1993) Tibtech 11:238). In
addition it may be desirable to introduce a novel restriction site
in the region of the mutation to create cleavage-based detection
(Gasparini et al. (1992) Mol. Cell. Probes 6:1). It is anticipated
that in certain embodiments amplification can also be performed
using Taq ligase for amplification (Barany (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci USA 88:189-93). In such cases, ligation will occur only if
there is a perfect match at the 3' end of the 5' sequence making it
possible to detect the presence of a known mutation at a specific
site by looking for the presence or absence of amplification.
[0716] The methods described herein can be performed, for example,
by utilizing pre-packaged diagnostic kits comprising at least one
probe nucleic acid or antibody reagent described herein, which can
be conveniently used, e.g., in clinical settings to diagnose
patients exhibiting symptoms or family history of a disease or
illness involving a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
gene.
Use of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 Molecules as
Surrogate Markers
[0717] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecules of the
invention are also useful as markers of disorders or disease
states, as markers for precursors of disease states, as markers for
predisposition of disease states, as markers of drug activity, or
as markers of the pharmacogenomic profile of a subject. Using the
methods described herein, the presence, absence and/or quantity of
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecules of the
invention can be detected, and can be correlated with one or more
biological states in vivo. For example, the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 molecules of the invention can serve as
surrogate markers for one or more disorders or disease states or
for conditions leading up to disease states. As used herein, a
"surrogate marker" is an objective biochemical marker which
correlates with the absence or presence of a disease or disorder,
or with the progression of a disease or disorder (e.g., with the
presence or absence of a tumor). The presence or quantity of such
markers is independent of the disease. Therefore, these markers can
serve to indicate whether a particular course of treatment is
effective in lessening a disease state or disorder. Surrogate
markers are of particular use when the presence or extent of a
disease state or disorder is difficult to assess through standard
methodologies (e.g., early stage tumors), or when an assessment of
disease progression is desired before a potentially dangerous
clinical endpoint is reached (e.g., an assessment of cardiovascular
disease can be made using cholesterol levels as a surrogate marker,
and an analysis of HIV infection can be made using HIV RNA levels
as a surrogate marker, well in advance of the undesirable clinical
outcomes of myocardial infarction or fully-developed AIDS).
Examples of the use of surrogate markers in the art include: Koomen
et al. (2000) J. Mass. Spectrom. 35: 258-264; and James (1994) AIDS
Treatment News Archive 209.
[0718] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecules of the
invention are also useful as pharmacodynamic markers. As used
herein, a "pharmacodynamic marker" is an objective biochemical
marker which correlates specifically with drug effects. The
presence or quantity of a pharmacodynamic marker is not related to
the disease state or disorder for which the drug is being
administered; therefore, the presence or quantity of the marker is
indicative of the presence or activity of the drug in a subject.
For example, a pharmacodynamic marker can be indicative of the
concentration of the drug in a biological tissue, in that the
marker is either expressed or transcribed or not expressed or
transcribed in that tissue in relationship to the level of the
drug. In this fashion, the distribution or uptake of the drug can
be monitored by the pharmacodynamic marker. Similarly, the presence
or quantity of the pharmacodynamic marker can be related to the
presence or quantity of the metabolic product of a drug, such that
the presence or quantity of the marker is indicative of the
relative breakdown rate of the drug in vivo. Pharmacodynamic
markers are of particular use in increasing the sensitivity of
detection of drug effects, particularly when the drug is
administered in low doses. Since even a small amount of a drug can
be sufficient to activate multiple rounds of marker (e.g., a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 marker) transcription or
expression, the amplified marker can be in a quantity which is more
readily detectable than the drug itself. Also, the marker can be
more easily detected due to the nature of the marker itself; for
example, using the methods described herein, anti-26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies can be employed in an
immune-based detection system for a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein marker, or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843-specific radiolabeled probes can be used to detect a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA marker. Furthermore, the
use of a pharmacodynamic marker can offer mechanism-based
prediction of risk due to drug treatment beyond the range of
possible direct observations. Examples of the use of
pharmacodynamic markers in the art include: Matsuda et al. U.S.
Pat. No. 6,033,862; Hattis et al. (1991) Env. Health Perspect. 90:
229-238; Schentag (1999) Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. 56 Suppl. 3:
S21-S24; and Nicolau (1999) Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. 56 Suppl. 3:
S16-S20.
[0719] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecules of the
invention are also useful as pharmacogenomic markers. As used
herein, a "pharmacogenomic marker" is an objective biochemical
marker which correlates with a specific clinical drug response or
susceptibility in a subject (see, e.g., Mcleod et al. (1999) Eur.
J. Cancer 35:1650-1652). The presence or quantity of the
pharmacogenomic marker is related to the predicted response of the
subject to a specific drug or class of drugs prior to
administration of the drug. By assessing the presence or quantity
of one or more pharmacogenomic markers in a subject, a drug therapy
which is most appropriate for the subject, or which is predicted to
have a greater degree of success, can be selected. For example,
based on the presence or quantity of RNA, or protein (e.g., 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or RNA) for specific
tumor markers in a subject, a drug or course of treatment can be
selected that is optimized for the treatment of the specific tumor
likely to be present in the subject. Similarly, the presence or
absence of a specific sequence mutation in 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 DNA can correlate with a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 drug response. The use of pharmacogenomic
markers therefore permits the application of the most appropriate
treatment for each subject without having to administer the
therapy.
Pharmaceutical Compositions
[0720] The nucleic acid and polypeptides, fragments thereof, as
well as anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies
(also referred to herein as "active compounds") of the invention
can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions. Such
compositions typically include the nucleic acid molecule, protein,
or antibody and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. As used
herein the language "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" includes
solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal
agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like,
compatible with pharmaceutical administration. Supplementary active
compounds can also be incorporated into the compositions.
[0721] A pharmaceutical composition is formulated to be compatible
with its intended route of administration. Examples of routes of
administration include parenteral, e.g., intravenous, intradermal,
subcutaneous, oral (e.g., inhalation), transdermal (topical),
transmucosal, and rectal administration. Solutions or suspensions
used for parenteral, intradermal, or subcutaneous application can
include the following components: a sterile diluent such as water
for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols,
glycerine, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents;
antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens;
antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating
agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; buffers such as
acetates, citrates or phosphates and agents for the adjustment of
tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose. pH can be adjusted
with acids or bases, such as hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
The parenteral preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable
syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic.
[0722] Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for injectable use
include sterile aqueous solutions (where water soluble) or
dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation
of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion. For intravenous
administration, suitable carriers include physiological saline,
bacteriostatic water, Cremophor EL.TM. (BASF, Parsippany, N.J.) or
phosphate buffered saline (PBS). In all cases, the composition must
be sterile and should be fluid to the extent that easy
syringability exists. It should be stable under the conditions of
manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the
contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for
example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene
glycol, and liquid polyetheylene glycol, and the like), and
suitable mixtures thereof. The proper fluidity can be maintained,
for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the
maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion
and by the use of surfactants. Prevention of the action of
microorganisms can be achieved by various antibacterial and
antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol,
ascorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like. In many cases, it will be
preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars,
polyalcohols such as manitol, sorbitol, sodium chloride in the
composition. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions
can be brought about by including in the composition an agent which
delays absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and
gelatin.
[0723] Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by
incorporating the active compound in the required amount in an
appropriate solvent with one or a combination of ingredients
enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization.
Generally, dispersions are prepared by incorporating the active
compound into a sterile vehicle which contains a basic dispersion
medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated
above. In the case of sterile powders for the preparation of
sterile injectable solutions, the preferred methods of preparation
are vacuum drying and freeze-drying which yields a powder of the
active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a
previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.
[0724] Oral compositions generally include an inert diluent or an
edible carrier. For the purpose of oral therapeutic administration,
the active compound can be incorporated with excipients and used in
the form of tablets, troches, or capsules, e.g., gelatin capsules.
Oral compositions can also be prepared using a fluid carrier for
use as a mouthwash. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents,
and/or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the
composition. The tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like can
contain any of the following ingredients, or compounds of a similar
nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth
or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a
disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn
starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotes; a
glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such
as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint,
methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring.
[0725] For administration by inhalation, the compounds are
delivered in the form of an aerosol spray from pressured container
or dispenser which contains a suitable propellant, e.g., a gas such
as carbon dioxide, or a nebulizer.
[0726] Systemic administration can also be by transmucosal or
transdermal means. For transmucosal or transdermal administration,
penetrants appropriate to the barrier to be permeated are used in
the formulation. Such penetrants are generally known in the art,
and include, for example, for transmucosal administration,
detergents, bile salts, and fusidic acid derivatives. Transmucosal
administration can be accomplished through the use of nasal sprays
or suppositories. For transdermal administration, the active
compounds are formulated into ointments, salves, gels, or creams as
generally known in the art.
[0727] The compounds can also be prepared in the form of
suppositories (e.g., with conventional suppository bases such as
cocoa butter and other glycerides) or retention enemas for rectal
delivery.
[0728] In one embodiment, the active compounds are prepared with
carriers that will protect the compound against rapid elimination
from the body, such as a controlled release formulation, including
implants and microencapsulated delivery systems. Biodegradable,
biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate,
polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and
polylactic acid. Methods for preparation of such formulations will
be apparent to those skilled in the art. The materials can also be
obtained commercially from Alza Corporation and Nova
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Liposomal suspensions (including liposomes
targeted to infected cells with monoclonal antibodies to viral
antigens) can also be used as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
These can be prepared according to methods known to those skilled
in the art, for example, as described in U.S. Pat. No.
4,522,811.
[0729] It is advantageous to formulate oral or parenteral
compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and
uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used herein refers to
physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subject
to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of
active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic
effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier.
[0730] Toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of such compounds can be
determined by standard pharmaceutical procedures in cell cultures
or experimental animals, e.g., for determining the LD.sub.50 (the
dose lethal to 50% of the population) and the ED.sub.50 (the dose
therapeutically effective in 50% of the population). The dose ratio
between toxic and therapeutic effects is the therapeutic index and
it can be expressed as the ratio LD.sub.50/ED.sub.50. Compounds
which exhibit high therapeutic indices are preferred. While
compounds that exhibit toxic side effects can be used, care should
be taken to design a delivery system that targets such compounds to
the site of affected tissue in order to minimize potential damage
to uninfected cells and, thereby, reduce side effects.
[0731] The data obtained from the cell culture assays and animal
studies can be used in formulating a range of dosage for use in
humans. The dosage of such compounds lies preferably within a range
of circulating concentrations that include the ED.sub.50 with
little or no toxicity. The dosage can vary within this range
depending upon the dosage form employed and the route of
administration utilized. For any compound used in the method of the
invention, the therapeutically effective dose can be estimated
initially from cell culture assays. A dose can be formulated in
animal models to achieve a circulating plasma concentration range
that includes the IC.sub.50 (i.e., the concentration of the test
compound which achieves a half-maximal inhibition of symptoms) as
determined in cell culture. Such information can be used to more
accurately determine useful doses in humans. Levels in plasma can
be measured, for example, by high performance liquid
chromatography.
[0732] As defined herein, a therapeutically effective amount of
protein or polypeptide (i.e., an effective dosage) ranges from
about 0.001 to 30 mg/kg body weight, preferably about 0.01 to 25
mg/kg body weight, more preferably about 0.1 to 20 mg/kg body
weight, and even more preferably about 1 to 10 mg/kg, 2 to 9 mg/kg,
3 to 8 mg/kg, 4 to 7 mg/kg, or 5 to 6 mg/kg body weight. The
protein or polypeptide can be administered one time per week for
between about 1 to 10 weeks, preferably between 2 to 8 weeks, more
preferably between about 3 to 7 weeks, and even more preferably for
about 4, 5, or 6 weeks. The skilled artisan will appreciate that
certain factors can influence the dosage and timing required to
effectively treat a subject, including but not limited to the
severity of the disease or disorder, previous treatments, the
general health and/or age of the subject, and other diseases
present. Moreover, treatment of a subject with a therapeutically
effective amount of a protein, polypeptide, or antibody,
unconjugated or conjugated as described herein, can include a
single treatment or, preferably, can include a series of
treatments.
[0733] For antibodies, the preferred dosage is 0.1 mg/kg of body
weight (generally 10 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg). If the antibody is to act
in the brain, a dosage of 50 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg is usually
appropriate. Generally, partially human antibodies and fully human
antibodies have a longer half-life within the human body than other
antibodies. Accordingly, lower dosages and less frequent
administration is often possible. Modifications such as lipidation
can be used to stabilize antibodies and to enhance uptake and
tissue penetration (e.g., into the brain). A method for lipidation
of antibodies is described by Cruikshank et al. ((1997) J. Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 14:193).
[0734] The present invention encompasses agents which modulate
expression or activity. An agent can, for example, be a small
molecule. For example, such small molecules include, but are not
limited to, peptides, peptidomimetics (e.g., peptoids), amino
acids, amino acid analogs, polynucleotides, polynucleotide analogs,
nucleotides, nucleotide analogs, organic or inorganic compounds
(i.e., including heteroorganic and organometallic compounds) having
a molecular weight less than about 10,000 grams per mole, organic
or inorganic compounds having a molecular weight less than about
5,000 grams per mole, organic or inorganic compounds having a
molecular weight less than about 1,000 grams per mole, organic or
inorganic compounds having a molecular weight less than about 500
grams per mole, and salts, esters, and other pharmaceutically
acceptable forms of such compounds.
[0735] Exemplary doses include milligram or microgram amounts of
the small molecule per kilogram of subject or sample weight (e.g.,
about 1 microgram per kilogram to about 500 milligrams per
kilogram, about 100 micrograms per kilogram to about 5 milligrams
per kilogram, or about 1 microgram per kilogram to about 50
micrograms per kilogram. It is furthermore understood that
appropriate doses of a small molecule depend upon the potency of
the small molecule with respect to the expression or activity to be
modulated. When one or more of these small molecules is to be
administered to an animal (e.g., a human) in order to modulate
expression or activity of a polypeptide or nucleic acid of the
invention, a physician, veterinarian, or researcher can, for
example, prescribe a relatively low dose at first, subsequently
increasing the dose until an appropriate response is obtained. In
addition, it is understood that the specific dose level for any
particular animal subject will depend upon a variety of factors
including the activity of the specific compound employed, the age,
body weight, general health, gender, and diet of the subject, the
time of administration, the route of administration, the rate of
excretion, any drug combination, and the degree of expression or
activity to be modulated.
[0736] The nucleic acid molecules of the invention can be inserted
into vectors and used as gene therapy vectors. Gene therapy vectors
can be delivered to a subject by, for example, intravenous
injection, local administration (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,470) or by
stereotactic injection (see e.g., Chen et al. (1994) Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA 91:3054-3057). The pharmaceutical preparation of the
gene therapy vector can include the gene therapy vector in an
acceptable diluent, or can comprise a slow release matrix in which
the gene delivery vehicle is imbedded. Alternatively, where the
complete gene delivery vector can be produced intact from
recombinant cells, e.g., retroviral vectors, the pharmaceutical
preparation can include one or more cells which produce the gene
delivery system.
[0737] The pharmaceutical compositions can be included in a
container, pack, or dispenser together with instructions for
administration.
Methods of Treatment:
[0738] The present invention provides for both prophylactic and
therapeutic methods of treating a subject at risk of (or
susceptible to) a disorder or having a disorder associated with
aberrant or unwanted 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
expression or activity. As used herein, the term "treatment" is
defined as the application or administration of a therapeutic agent
to a patient, or application or administration of a therapeutic
agent to an isolated tissue or cell line from a patient, who has a
disease, a symptom of disease or a predisposition toward a disease,
with the purpose to cure, heal, alleviate, relieve, alter, remedy,
ameliorate, improve or affect the disease, the symptoms of disease
or the predisposition toward disease. A therapeutic agent includes,
but is not limited to, small molecules, peptides, antibodies,
ribozymes and antisense oligonucleotides.
[0739] With regards to both prophylactic and therapeutic methods of
treatment, such treatments can be specifically tailored or
modified, based on knowledge obtained from the field of
pharmacogenomics. "Pharmacogenomics", as used herein, refers to the
application of genomics technologies such as gene sequencing,
statistical genetics, and gene expression analysis to drugs in
clinical development and on the market. More specifically, the term
refers the study of how a patient's genes determine his or her
response to a drug (e.g., a patient's "drug response phenotype", or
"drug response genotype".) Thus, another aspect of the invention
provides methods for tailoring an individual's prophylactic or
therapeutic treatment with either the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 molecules of the present invention or 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 modulators according to that
individual's drug response genotype. Pharmacogenomics allows a
clinician or physician to target prophylactic or therapeutic
treatments to patients who will most benefit from the treatment and
to avoid treatment of patients who will experience toxic
drug-related side effects.
[0740] In one aspect, the invention provides a method for
preventing in a subject, a disease or condition associated with an
aberrant or unwanted 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
expression or activity, by administering to the subject a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 or an agent which modulates
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or at least
one 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity. Subjects at
risk for a disease which is caused or contributed to by aberrant or
unwanted 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or
activity can be identified by, for example, any or a combination of
diagnostic or prognostic assays as described herein. Administration
of a prophylactic agent can occur prior to the manifestation of
symptoms characteristic of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 aberrance, such that a disease or disorder is prevented or,
alternatively, delayed in its progression. Depending on the type of
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 aberrance, for example, a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843, 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 agonist or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 antagonist agent can be used for treating the subject. The
appropriate agent can be determined based on screening assays
described herein.
[0741] It is possible that some 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 disorders can be caused, at least in part, by an abnormal
level of gene product, or by the presence of a gene product
exhibiting abnormal activity. As such, the reduction in the level
and/or activity of such gene products would bring about the
amelioration of disorder symptoms.
[0742] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecules can act
as novel diagnostic targets and therapeutic agents for controlling
one or more of a cellular proliferation and/or differentiation
disorder, a brain, platelet, breast, colon, kidney (renal), lung,
ovarian, prostate, hematopoeitic, pancreatic, skeletal muscle, skin
(dermal), bone metabolism, immune, e.g., inflammatory,
cardiovascular, endothelial cell, liver, viral diseases, pain,
metabolic, neurological or CNS, erythroid or anemic disorder, all
of which are described above.
[0743] As discussed, successful treatment of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 disorders can be brought about by techniques
that serve to inhibit the expression or activity of target gene
products. For example, compounds, e.g., an agent identified using
an assays described above, that proves to exhibit negative
modulatory activity, can be used in accordance with the invention
to prevent and/or ameliorate symptoms of 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 disorders. Such molecules can include, but are
not limited to peptides, phosphopeptides, small organic or
inorganic molecules, or antibodies (including, for example,
polyclonal, monoclonal, humanized, human, anti-idiotypic, chimeric
or single chain antibodies, and Fab, F(ab).sub.2 and Fab expression
library fragments, scFV molecules, and epitope-binding fragments
thereof).
[0744] Further, antisense and ribozyme molecules that inhibit
expression of the target gene can also be used in accordance with
the invention to reduce the level of target gene expression, thus
effectively reducing the level of target gene activity. Still
further, triple helix molecules can be utilized in reducing the
level of target gene activity. Antisense, ribozyme and triple helix
molecules are discussed above.
[0745] It is possible that the use of antisense, ribozyme, and/or
triple helix molecules to reduce or inhibit mutant gene expression
can also reduce or inhibit the transcription (triple helix) and/or
translation (antisense, ribozyme) of mRNA produced by normal target
gene alleles, such that the concentration of normal target gene
product present can be lower than is necessary for a normal
phenotype. In such cases, nucleic acid molecules that encode and
express target gene polypeptides exhibiting normal target gene
activity can be introduced into cells via gene therapy method.
Alternatively, in instances in that the target gene encodes an
extracellular protein, it can be preferable to co-administer normal
target gene protein into the cell or tissue in order to maintain
the requisite level of cellular or tissue target gene activity.
[0746] Another method by which nucleic acid molecules can be
utilized in treating or preventing a disease characterized by
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression is through the
use of aptamer molecules specific for 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein. Aptamers are nucleic acid molecules having a
tertiary structure which permits them to specifically or
selectively bind to protein ligands (see, e.g., Osborne et al.
(1997) Curr. Opin. Chem Biol. 1: 5-9; and Patel (1997) Curr Opin
Chem Biol 1:32-46). Since nucleic acid molecules can in many cases
be more conveniently introduced into target cells than therapeutic
protein molecules can be, aptamers offer a method by which 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein activity can be
specifically decreased without the introduction of drugs or other
molecules which can have pluripotent effects.
[0747] Antibodies can be generated that are both specific for
target gene product and that reduce target gene product activity.
Such antibodies can, therefore, by administered in instances
whereby negative modulatory techniques are appropriate for the
treatment of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 disorders.
For a description of antibodies, see the Antibody section
above.
[0748] In circumstances wherein injection of an animal or a human
subject with a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or
epitope for stimulating antibody production is harmful to the
subject, it is possible to generate an immune response against
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 through the use of
anti-idiotypic antibodies (see, for example, Herlyn (1999) Ann Med
31:66-78; and Bhattacharya-Chatterjee and Foon (1998) Cancer Treat
Res. 94:51-68). If an anti-idiotypic antibody is introduced into a
mammal or human subject, it should stimulate the production of
anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies, which should be specific to the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein.
[0749] Vaccines directed to a disease characterized by 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression can also be generated
in this fashion.
[0750] In instances where the target antigen is intracellular and
whole antibodies are used, internalizing antibodies can be
preferred. Lipofectin or liposomes can be used to deliver the
antibody or a fragment of the Fab region that binds to the target
antigen into cells. Where fragments of the antibody are used, the
smallest inhibitory fragment that binds to the target antigen is
preferred. For example, peptides having an amino acid sequence
corresponding to the Fv region of the antibody can be used.
Alternatively, single chain neutralizing antibodies that bind to
intracellular target antigens can also be administered. Such single
chain antibodies can be administered, for example, by expressing
nucleotide sequences encoding single-chain antibodies within the
target cell population (see e.g., Marasco et al. (1993) Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA 90:7889-7893).
[0751] The identified compounds that inhibit target gene
expression, synthesis and/or activity can be administered to a
patient at therapeutically effective doses to prevent, treat or
ameliorate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 disorders. A
therapeutically effective dose refers to that amount of the
compound sufficient to result in amelioration of symptoms of the
disorders. Toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of such compounds can
be determined by standard pharmaceutical procedures as described
above.
[0752] The data obtained from the cell culture assays and animal
studies can be used in formulating a range of dosage for use in
humans. The dosage of such compounds lies preferably within a range
of circulating concentrations that include the ED.sub.50 with
little or no toxicity. The dosage can vary within this range
depending upon the dosage form employed and the route of
administration utilized. For any compound used in the method of the
invention, the therapeutically effective dose can be estimated
initially from cell culture assays. A dose can be formulated in
animal models to achieve a circulating plasma concentration range
that includes the IC.sub.50 (i.e., the concentration of the test
compound that achieves a half-maximal inhibition of symptoms) as
determined in cell culture. Such information can be used to more
accurately determine useful doses in humans. Levels in plasma can
be measured, for example, by high performance liquid
chromatography.
[0753] Another example of determination of effective dose for an
individual is the ability to directly assay levels of "free" and
"bound" compound in the serum of the test subject. Such assays can
utilize antibody mimics and/or "biosensors" that have been created
through molecular imprinting techniques. The compound which is able
to modulate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity is used
as a template, or "imprinting molecule", to spatially organize
polymerizable monomers prior to their polymerization with catalytic
reagents. The subsequent removal of the imprinted molecule leaves a
polymer matrix which contains a repeated "negative image" of the
compound and is able to selectively rebind the molecule under
biological assay conditions. A detailed review of this technique
can be seen in Ansell et al (1996) Current Opinion in Biotechnology
7:89-94 and in Shea (1994) Trends in Polymer Science 2:166-173.
Such "imprinted" affinity matrixes are amenable to ligand-binding
assays, whereby the immobilized monoclonal antibody component is
replaced by an appropriately imprinted matrix. An example of the
use of such matrixes in this way can be seen in Vlatakis et al
(1993) Nature 361:645-647. Through the use of isotope-labeling, the
"free" concentration of compound which modulates the expression or
activity of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 can be readily
monitored and used in calculations of IC.sub.50.
[0754] Such "imprinted" affinity matrixes can also be designed to
include fluorescent groups whose photon-emitting properties
measurably change upon local and selective binding of target
compound. These changes can be readily assayed in real time using
appropriate fiberoptic devices, in turn allowing the dose in a test
subject to be quickly optimized based on its individual IC.sub.50.
An rudimentary example of such a "biosensor" is discussed in Kriz
et al (1995) Analytical Chemistry 67:2142-2144.
[0755] Another aspect of the invention pertains to methods of
modulating 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or
activity for therapeutic purposes. Accordingly, in an exemplary
embodiment, the modulatory method of the invention involves
contacting a cell with a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 or
agent that modulates one or more of the activities of 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein activity associated with the
cell. An agent that modulates 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein activity can be an agent as described herein, such as
a nucleic acid or a protein, a naturally-occurring target molecule
of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein (e.g., a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 substrate or receptor), a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibody, a 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 agonist or antagonist, a peptidomimetic of a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 agonist or antagonist, or
other small molecule.
[0756] In one embodiment, the agent stimulates one or 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activities. Examples of such
stimulatory agents include active 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 protein and a nucleic acid molecule encoding 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843. In another embodiment, the
agent inhibits one or more 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 activities. Examples of such inhibitory agents include
antisense 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid
molecules, anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 antibodies,
and 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 inhibitors. These
modulatory methods can be performed in vitro (e.g., by culturing
the cell with the agent) or, alternatively, in vivo (e.g., by
administering the agent to a subject). As such, the present
invention provides methods of treating an individual afflicted with
a disease or disorder characterized by aberrant or unwanted
expression or activity of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein or nucleic acid molecule. In one embodiment, the
method involves administering an agent (e.g., an agent identified
by a screening assay described herein), or combination of agents
that modulates (e.g., up regulates or down regulates) 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or activity. In another
embodiment, the method involves administering a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein or nucleic acid molecule as
therapy to compensate for reduced, aberrant, or unwanted 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression or activity.
[0757] Stimulation of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
activity is desirable in situations in which 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 is abnormally downregulated and/or in which
increased 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity is likely
to have a beneficial effect. For example, stimulation of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity is desirable in
situations in which a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 is
downregulated and/or in which increased 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 activity is likely to have a beneficial effect.
Likewise, inhibition of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
activity is desirable in situations in which 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 is abnormally upregulated and/or in which
decreased 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity is likely
to have a beneficial effect.
Pharmacogenomics
[0758] The 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecules of the
present invention, as well as agents, or modulators which have a
stimulatory or inhibitory effect on 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 activity (e.g., 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 gene expression) as identified by a screening assay described
herein can be administered to individuals to treat
(prophylactically or therapeutically) 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disorders (e.g., aberrant or deficient
arginine methyltransferase activity, glycosyltransferase activity,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase activity, phosphoribosylglycinamide
transferase activity, acyltransferase activity, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase activity, fatty acid amide hydrolase activity,
aminotransferase activity, zinc carboxypeptidase activity, protein
kinase activity, DEAD helicase activity, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase activity or phosphatase activity)
associated with aberrant or unwanted 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 activity.
[0759] In conjunction with such treatment, pharmacogenomics (i.e.,
the study of the relationship between an individual's genotype and
that individual's response to a foreign compound or drug) can be
considered. Differences in metabolism of therapeutics can lead to
severe toxicity or therapeutic failure by altering the relation
between dose and blood concentration of the pharmacologically
active drug. Thus, a physician or clinician can consider applying
knowledge obtained in relevant pharmacogenomics studies in
determining whether to administer a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 molecule or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
modulator as well as tailoring the dosage and/or therapeutic
regimen of treatment with a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 molecule or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
modulator.
[0760] Pharmacogenomics deals with clinically significant
hereditary variations in the response to drugs due to altered drug
disposition and abnormal action in affected persons. See, for
example, Eichelbaum et al. (1996) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol.
23:983-985 and Linder et al. (1997) Clin. Chem. 43:254-266. In
general, two types of pharmacogenetic conditions can be
differentiated. Genetic conditions transmitted as a single factor
altering the way drugs act on the body (altered drug action) or
genetic conditions transmitted as single factors altering the way
the body acts on drugs (altered drug metabolism). These
pharmacogenetic conditions can occur either as rare genetic defects
or as naturally-occurring polymorphisms. For example,
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) is a common
inherited enzymopathy in which the main clinical complication is
haemolysis after ingestion of oxidant drugs (anti-malarials,
sulfonamides, analgesics, nitrofurans) and consumption of fava
beans.
[0761] One pharmacogenomics approach to identifying genes that
predict drug response, known as "a genome-wide association", relies
primarily on a high-resolution map of the human genome consisting
of already known gene-related markers (e.g., a "bi-allelic" gene
marker map which consists of 60,000-100,000 polymorphic or variable
sites on the human genome, each of which has two variants.) Such a
high-resolution genetic map can be compared to a map of the genome
of each of a statistically significant number of patients taking
part in a Phase II/III drug trial to identify markers associated
with a particular observed drug response or side effect.
Alternatively, such a high resolution map can be generated from a
combination of some ten-million known single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human genome. As used herein, a "SNP"
is a common alteration that occurs in a single nucleotide base in a
stretch of DNA. For example, a SNP can occur once per every 1000
bases of DNA. A SNP can be involved in a disease process, however,
the vast majority can not be disease-associated. Given a genetic
map based on the occurrence of such SNPs, individuals can be
grouped into genetic categories depending on a particular pattern
of SNPs in their individual genome. In such a manner, treatment
regimens can be tailored to groups of genetically similar
individuals, taking into account traits that can be common among
such genetically similar individuals.
[0762] Alternatively, a method termed the "candidate gene
approach", can be utilized to identify genes that predict drug
response. According to this method, if a gene that encodes a drug's
target is known (e.g., a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
protein of the present invention), all common variants of that gene
can be fairly easily identified in the population and it can be
determined if having one version of the gene versus another is
associated with a particular drug response.
[0763] Alternatively, a method termed the "gene expression
profiling", can be utilized to identify genes that predict drug
response. For example, the gene expression of an animal dosed with
a drug (e.g., a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecule or
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 modulator of the present
invention) can give an indication whether gene pathways related to
toxicity have been turned on.
[0764] Information generated from more than one of the above
pharmacogenomics approaches can be used to determine appropriate
dosage and treatment regimens for prophylactic or therapeutic
treatment of an individual. This knowledge, when applied to dosing
or drug selection, can avoid adverse reactions or therapeutic
failure and thus enhance therapeutic or prophylactic efficiency
when treating a subject with a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 molecule or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 modulator,
such as a modulator identified by one of the exemplary screening
assays described herein.
[0765] The present invention further provides methods for
identifying new agents, or combinations, that are based on
identifying agents that modulate the activity of one or more of the
gene products encoded by one or more of the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 genes of the present invention, wherein these
products can be associated with resistance of the cells to a
therapeutic agent. Specifically, the activity of the proteins
encoded by the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 genes of
the present invention can be used as a basis for identifying agents
for overcoming agent resistance. By blocking the activity of one or
more of the resistance proteins, target cells, e.g., human cells,
will become sensitive to treatment with an agent to which the
unmodified target cells were resistant.
[0766] Monitoring the influence of agents (e.g., drugs) on the
expression or activity of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 protein can be applied in clinical trials. For example, the
effectiveness of an agent determined by a screening assay as
described herein to increase 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 gene expression, protein levels, or upregulate 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity, can be monitored in clinical
trials of subjects exhibiting decreased 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 gene expression, protein levels, or downregulated
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 activity. Alternatively,
the effectiveness of an agent determined by a screening assay to
decrease 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene expression,
protein levels, or downregulate 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 activity, can be monitored in clinical trials of subjects
exhibiting increased 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene
expression, protein levels, or upregulated 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 activity. In such clinical trials, the
expression or activity of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 gene, and preferably, other genes that have been implicated
in, for example, a protein kinase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disorder can be used
as a "read out" or markers of the phenotype of a particular
cell.
OTHER EMBODIMENTS
[0767] In another aspect, the invention features a method of
analyzing a plurality of capture probes. The method is useful,
e.g., to analyze gene expression. The method includes: providing a
two dimensional array having a plurality of addresses, each address
of the plurality being positionally distinguishable from each other
address of the plurality, and each address of the plurality having
a unique capture probe, e.g., a nucleic acid or peptide sequence,
wherein the capture probes are from a cell or subject which
expresses 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 or from a cell or
subject in which a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mediated
response has been elicited; contacting the array with a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid (preferably
purified), a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide
(preferably purified), or an anti-26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 antibody, and thereby evaluating the plurality of
capture probes. Binding, e.g., in the case of a nucleic acid,
hybridization with a capture probe at an address of the plurality,
is detected, e.g., by a signal generated from a label attached to
the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid,
polypeptide, or antibody.
[0768] The capture probes can be a set of nucleic acids from a
selected sample, e.g., a sample of nucleic acids derived from a
control or non-stimulated tissue or cell.
[0769] The method can include contacting the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid, polypeptide, or antibody with a
first array having a plurality of capture probes and a second array
having a different plurality of capture probes. The results of each
hybridization can be compared, e.g., to analyze differences in
expression between a first and second sample. The first plurality
of capture probes can be from a control sample, e.g., a wild type,
normal, or non-diseased, non-stimulated, sample, e.g., a biological
fluid, tissue, or cell sample. The second plurality of capture
probes can be from an experimental sample, e.g., a mutant type, at
risk, disease-state or disorder-state, or stimulated, sample, e.g.,
a biological fluid, tissue, or cell sample.
[0770] The plurality of capture probes can be a plurality of
nucleic acid probes each of which specifically hybridizes, with an
allele of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843. Such methods can
be used to diagnose a subject, e.g., to evaluate risk for a disease
or disorder, to evaluate suitability of a selected treatment for a
subject, to evaluate whether a subject has a disease or
disorder.
[0771] The method can be used to detect SNPs, as described
above.
[0772] In another aspect, the invention features, a method of
analyzing 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843, e.g., analyzing
structure, function, or relatedness to other nucleic acid or amino
acid sequences. The method includes: providing a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleic acid or amino acid sequence;
comparing the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence
with one or more preferably a plurality of sequences from a
collection of sequences, e.g., a nucleic acid or protein sequence
database; to thereby analyze 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843.
[0773] The method can include evaluating the sequence identity
between a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence and a
database sequence. The method can be performed by accessing the
database at a second site, e.g., over the internet. Preferred
databases include GenBank.TM. and SwissProt.
[0774] In another aspect, the invention features, a set of
oligonucleotides, useful, e.g., for identifying SNP's, or
identifying specific alleles of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843. The set includes a plurality of oligonucleotides, each of
which has a different nucleotide at an interrogation position,
e.g., an SNP or the site of a mutation. In a preferred embodiment,
the oligonucleotides of the plurality identical in sequence with
one another (except for differences in length). The
oligonucleotides can be provided with differential labels, such
that an oligonucleotide which hybridizes to one allele provides a
signal that is distinguishable from an oligonucleotides which
hybridizes to a second allele.
[0775] The sequences of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
molecules are provided in a variety of mediums to facilitate use
thereof. A sequence can be provided as a manufacture, other than an
isolated nucleic acid or amino acid molecule, which contains a
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 molecule. Such a
manufacture can provide a nucleotide or amino acid sequence, e.g.,
an open reading frame, in a form which allows examination of the
manufacture using means not directly applicable to examining the
nucleotide or amino acid sequences, or a subset thereof, as they
exist in nature or in purified form.
[0776] A 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleotide or
amino acid sequence can be recorded on computer readable media. As
used herein, "computer readable media" refers to any medium that
can be read and accessed directly by a computer. Such media
include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage media, such as
floppy discs, hard disc storage medium, and magnetic tape; optical
storage media such as compact disc and CD-ROM; electrical storage
media such as RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, and the like; and general
hard disks and hybrids of these categories such as magnetic/optical
storage media. The medium is adapted or configured for having
thereon 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence
information of the present invention.
[0777] As used herein, the term "electronic apparatus" is intended
to include any suitable computing or processing apparatus of other
device configured or adapted for storing data or information.
Examples of electronic apparatus suitable for use with the present
invention include stand-alone computing apparatus; networks,
including a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN)
Internet, Intranet, and Extranet; electronic appliances such as
personal digital assistants (PDAs), cellular phones, pagers, and
the like; and local and distributed processing systems.
[0778] As used herein, "recorded" refers to a process for storing
or encoding information on the electronic apparatus readable
medium. Those skilled in the art can readily adopt any of the
presently known methods for recording information on known media to
generate manufactures comprising the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 sequence information.
[0779] A variety of data storage structures are available to a
skilled artisan for creating a computer readable medium having
recorded thereon a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 nucleotide
or amino acid sequence of the present invention. The choice of the
data storage structure will generally be based on the means chosen
to access the stored information. In addition, a variety of data
processor programs and formats can be used to store the nucleotide
sequence information of the present invention on computer readable
medium. The sequence information can be represented in a word
processing text file, formatted in commercially-available software
such as WordPerfect and Microsoft Word, or represented in the form
of an ASCII file, stored in a database application, such as DB2,
Sybase, Oracle, or the like. The skilled artisan can readily adapt
any number of data processor structuring formats (e.g., text file
or database) in order to obtain computer readable medium having
recorded thereon the nucleotide sequence information of the present
invention.
[0780] By providing the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
nucleotide or amino acid sequences of the invention in computer
readable form, the skilled artisan can routinely access the
sequence information for a variety of purposes. For example, one
skilled in the art can use the nucleotide or amino acid sequences
of the invention in computer readable form to compare a target
sequence or target structural motif with the sequence information
stored within the data storage means. A search is used to identify
fragments or regions of the sequences of the invention which match
a particular target sequence or target motif.
[0781] The present invention therefore provides a medium for
holding instructions for performing a method for determining
whether a subject has a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder
or a pre-disposition to a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder,
wherein the method comprises the steps of determining 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence information associated with
the subject and based on the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 sequence information, determining whether the subject has a
arginine methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder and/or recommending a
particular treatment for the disease, disorder, or pre-disease
condition.
[0782] The present invention further provides in an electronic
system and/or in a network, a method for determining whether a
subject has a arginine methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder or a pre-disposition
to a disease associated with 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence information associated
with the subject, and based on the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 sequence information, determining whether the subject
has a arginine methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder or a pre-disposition
to a arginine methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder, and/or recommending a
particular treatment for the disease, disorder, or pre-disease
condition. The method may further comprise the step of receiving
phenotypic information associated with the subject and/or acquiring
from a network phenotypic information associated with the
subject.
[0783] The present invention also provides in a network, a method
for determining whether a subject has a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder
or a pre-disposition to a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder,
said method comprising the steps of receiving 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence information from the subject and/or
information related thereto, receiving phenotypic information
associated with the subject, acquiring information from the network
corresponding to 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 and/or
corresponding to a arginine methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder, and based on one or
more of the phenotypic information, the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 information (e.g., sequence information and/or
information related thereto), and the acquired information,
determining whether the subject has a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder
or a pre-disposition to a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder.
The method may further comprise the step of recommending a
particular treatment for the disease, disorder, or pre-disease
condition.
[0784] The present invention also provides a business method for
determining whether a subject has a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder
or a pre-disposition to a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder,
said method comprising the steps of receiving information related
to 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 1491.1, 86216, 25206 or 8843 (e.g., sequence
information and/or information related thereto), receiving
phenotypic information associated with the subject, acquiring
information from the network related to 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 and/or related to a arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder,
and based on one or more of the phenotypic information, the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 information, and the acquired
information, determining whether the subject has a arginine
methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder or a pre-disposition
to a arginine methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder. The method may
further comprise the step of recommending a particular treatment
for the disease, disorder, or pre-disease condition.
[0785] The invention also includes an array comprising a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence of the present
invention. The array can be used to assay expression of one or more
genes in the array. In one embodiment, the array can be used to
assay gene expression in a tissue to ascertain tissue specificity
of genes in the array. In this manner, up to about 7600 genes can
be simultaneously assayed for expression, one of which can be
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843. This allows a profile to
be developed showing a battery of genes specifically expressed in
one or more tissues.
[0786] In addition to such qualitative information, the invention
allows the quantitation of gene expression. Thus, not only tissue
specificity, but also the level of expression of a battery of genes
in the tissue if ascertainable. Thus, genes can be grouped on the
basis of their tissue expression per se and level of expression in
that tissue. This is useful, for example, in ascertaining the
relationship of gene expression in that tissue. Thus, one tissue
can be perturbed and the effect on gene expression in a second
tissue can be determined. In this context, the effect of one cell
type on another cell type in response to a biological stimulus can
be determined. In this context, the effect of one cell type on
another cell type in response to a biological stimulus can be
determined. Such a determination is useful, for example, to know
the effect of cell-cell interaction at the level of gene
expression. If an agent is administered therapeutically to treat
one cell type but has an undesirable effect on another cell type,
the invention provides an assay to determine the molecular basis of
the undesirable effect and thus provides the opportunity to
co-administer a counteracting agent or otherwise treat the
undesired effect. Similarly, even within a single cell type,
undesirable biological effects can be determined at the molecular
level. Thus, the effects of an agent on expression of other than
the target gene can be ascertained and counteracted.
[0787] In another embodiment, the array can be used to monitor the
time course of expression of one or more genes in the array. This
can occur in various biological contexts, as disclosed herein, for
example development of an arginine methyltransferase,
glycosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase,
phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase, acyltransferase, acyl-CoA
dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc
carboxypeptidase, protein kinase, DEAD helicase, short-chain
dehydrogenase/reductase or phosphatase-associated or another 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder,
progression of an arginine methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder, and processes, such a
cellular transformation associated with the arginine
methyltransferase, glycosyltransferase,
gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase, phosphoribosylglycinamide transferase,
acyltransferase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, fatty acid amide
hydrolase, aminotransferase, zinc carboxypeptidase, protein kinase,
DEAD helicase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase or
phosphatase-associated or another 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843-associated disease or disorder.
[0788] The array is also useful for ascertaining the effect of the
expression of a gene on the expression of other genes in the same
cell or in different cells (e.g., acertaining the effect of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression on the expression of
other genes). This provides, for example, for a selection of
alternate molecular targets for therapeutic intervention if the
ultimate or downstream target cannot be regulated.
[0789] The array is also useful for ascertaining differential
expression patterns of one or more genes in normal and abnormal
cells. This provides a battery of genes (e.g., including 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843) that could serve as a molecular
target for diagnosis or therapeutic intervention.
[0790] As used herein, a "target sequence" can be any DNA or amino
acid sequence of six or more nucleotides or two or more amino
acids. A skilled artisan can readily recognize that the longer a
target sequence is, the less likely a target sequence will be
present as a random occurrence in the database. Typical sequence
lengths of a target sequence are from about 10 to 100 amino acids
or from about 30 to 300 nucleotide residues. However, it is well
recognized that commercially important fragments, such as sequence
fragments involved in gene expression and protein processing, may
be of shorter length.
[0791] Computer software is publicly available which allows a
skilled artisan to access sequence information provided in a
computer readable medium for analysis and comparison to other
sequences. A variety of known algorithms are disclosed publicly and
a variety of commercially available software for conducting search
means are and can be used in the computer-based systems of the
present invention. Examples of such software include, but are not
limited to, MacPattern (EMBL), BLASTN and BLASTX (NCBI).
[0792] Thus, the invention features a method of making a computer
readable record of a sequence of a 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 sequence which includes recording the sequence on a
computer readable matrix. In a preferred embodiment the record
includes one or more of the following: identification of an ORF;
identification of a domain, region, or site; identification of the
start of transcription; identification of the transcription
terminator; the full length amino acid sequence of the protein, or
a mature form thereof; the 5' end of the translated region.
[0793] In another aspect, the invention features a method of
analyzing a sequence. The method includes: providing a 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence, or record, in computer
readable form; comparing a second sequence to the 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence; thereby analyzing a sequence.
Comparison can include comparing to sequences for sequence identity
or determining if one sequence is included within the other, e.g.,
determining if the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 sequence
includes a sequence being compared. In a preferred embodiment the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 or second sequence is
stored on a first computer, e.g., at a first site and the
comparison is performed, read, or recorded on a second computer,
e.g., at a second site. E.g., the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 or second sequence can be stored in a public or
proprietary database in one computer, and the results of the
comparison performed, read, or recorded on a second computer. In a
preferred embodiment the record includes one or more of the
following: identification of an ORF; identification of a domain,
region, or site; identification of the start of transcription;
identification of the transcription terminator; the full length
amino acid sequence of the protein, or a mature form thereof; the
5' end of the translated region.
EXEMPLIFICATION
Example 1
Tissue Distribution of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
mRNA
[0794] Northern blot hybridizations with various RNA samples can be
performed under standard conditions and washed under stringent
conditions, i.e., 0.2.times.SSC at 65.degree. C. A DNA probe
corresponding to all or a portion of the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13,
15, 16, 18, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 78, 80, 88, 90, 100, 102, 113,
115, 122, 124, 129 or 131) or 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 cDNA can be used. The DNA was radioactively labeled with
.sup.32P-dCTP using the Prime-It Kit (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.)
according to the instructions of the supplier. Filters containing
mRNA from mouse hematopoietic and endocrine tissues, and cancer
cell lines (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif.) can be probed in
ExpressHyb hybridization solution (Clontech) and washed at high
stringency according to manufacturer's recommendations.
Example 2
Recombinant Expression of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 in
Bacterial Cells
[0795] In this example, 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 is
expressed as a recombinant glutathione-5-transferase (GST) fusion
polypeptide in E. coli and the fusion polypeptide is isolated and
characterized. Specifically, 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226,
58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or
8843 is fused to GST and this fusion polypeptide is expressed in E.
coli, e.g., strain PEB199. Expression of the GST-26199, -33530,
-33949, -47148, -50226, -58764, -62113, -32144, -32235, -23565,
-13305, -14911, -86216, -25206 or -8843 fusion protein in PEB199 is
induced with IPTG. The recombinant fusion polypeptide is purified
from crude bacterial lysates of the induced PEB199 strain by
affinity chromatography on glutathione beads. Using polyacrylamide
gel electrophoretic analysis of the polypeptide purified from the
bacterial lysates, the molecular weight of the resultant fusion
polypeptide is determined.
Example 3
Expression of Recombinant 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
Protein in COS Cells
[0796] To express the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene
in COS cells, the pcDNA/Amp vector by Invitrogen Corporation (San
Diego, Calif.) is used. This vector contains an SV40 origin of
replication, an ampicillin resistance gene, an E. coli replication
origin, a CMV promoter followed by a polylinker region, and an SV40
intron and polyadenylation site. A DNA fragment encoding the entire
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 protein and an HA tag
(Wilson et al. (1984) Cell 37:767) or a FLAG tag fused in-frame to
its 3' end of the fragment is cloned into the polylinker region of
the vector, thereby placing the expression of the recombinant
protein under the control of the CMV promoter.
[0797] To construct the plasmid, the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 DNA sequence is amplified by PCR using two primers.
The 5' primer contains the restriction site of interest followed by
approximately twenty nucleotides of the 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 coding sequence starting from the initiation codon;
the 3' end sequence contains complementary sequences to the other
restriction site of interest, a translation stop codon, the HA tag
or FLAG tag and the last 20 nucleotides of the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 coding sequence. The PCR amplified fragment
and the pCDNA/Amp vector are digested with the appropriate
restriction enzymes and the vector is dephosphorylated using the
CIAP enzyme (New England Biolabs, Beverly, Mass.). Preferably the
two restriction sites chosen are different so that the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene is inserted in the correct
orientation. The ligation mixture is transformed into E. coli cells
(strains HB101, DH5.alpha., SURE, available from Stratagene Cloning
Systems, La Jolla, Calif., can be used), the transformed culture is
plated on ampicillin media plates, and resistant colonies are
selected. Plasmid DNA is isolated from transformants and examined
by restriction analysis for the presence of the correct
fragment.
[0798] COS cells are subsequently transfected with the 26199-,
33530-, 33949-, 47148-, 50226-, 58764-, 62113-, 32144-, 32235-,
23565-, 13305-, 14911-, 86216-, 25206- or 8843-pcDNA/Amp plasmid
DNA using the calcium phosphate or calcium chloride
co-precipitation methods, DEAE-dextran-mediated transfection,
lipofection, or electroporation. Other suitable methods for
transfecting host cells can be found in Sambrook, J., Fritsh, E.
F., and Maniatis, T. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd,
ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1989. The expression of the 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide is detected by
radiolabelling (.sup.35S-methionine or .sup.35S-cysteine available
from NEN, Boston, Mass., can be used) and immunoprecipitation
(Harlow, E. and Lane, D. Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold
Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1988)
using an HA specific monoclonal antibody. Briefly, the cells are
labeled for 8 hours with .sup.35S-methionine (or
.sup.35S-cysteine). The culture media are then collected and the
cells are lysed using detergents (RIPA buffer, 150 mM NaCl, 1%
NP-40, 0.1% SDS, 0.5% DOC, 50 mM Tris, pH 7.5). Both the cell
lysate and the culture media are precipitated with an HA specific
monoclonal antibody. Precipitated polypeptides are then analyzed by
SDS-PAGE.
[0799] Alternatively, DNA containing the 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 coding sequence is cloned directly into the
polylinker of the pCDNA/Amp vector using the appropriate
restriction sites. The resulting plasmid is transfected into COS
cells in the manner described above, and the expression of the
26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235,
23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 polypeptide is detected
by radiolabelling and immunoprecipitation using a 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 specific monoclonal antibody.
Exmaple 4
TaqMan Analysis of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
[0800] Human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113,
32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 expression
was measured by TaqMan.RTM. quantitative PCR (Perkin Elmer Applied
Biosystems) in cDNA prepared from a variety of normal and diseased
(e.g., cancerous) human tissues or cell lines.
[0801] Probes were designed by PrimerExpress software (PE
Biosystems) based on the sequence of the human 26199, 33530, 33949,
47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911,
86216, 25206 or 8843 gene. Each human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148,
50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216,
25206 or 8843 gene probe was labeled using FAM
(6-carboxyfluorescein), and the .beta.2-microglobulin reference
probe was labeled with a different fluorescent dye, VIC. The
differential labeling of the target gene and internal reference
gene thus enabled measurement in same well. Forward and reverse
primers and the probes for both .beta.2-microglobulin and target
gene were added to the TaqMan.RTM. Universal PCR Master Mix (PE
Applied Biosystems). Although the final concentration of primer and
probe could vary, each was internally consistent within a given
experiment. A typical experiment contained 200 nM of forward and
reverse primers plus 100 nM probe for .beta.-2 microglobulin and
600 nM forward and reverse primers plus 200 nM probe for the target
gene. TaqMan matrix experiments were carried out on an ABI PRISM
7700 Sequence Detection System (PE Applied Biosystems). The thermal
cycler conditions were as follows: hold for 2 min at 50.degree. C.
and 10 min at 95.degree. C., followed by two-step PCR for 40 cycles
of 95.degree. C. for 15 sec followed by 60.degree. C. for 1
min.
[0802] The following method was used to quantitatively calculate
human 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144,
32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene expression in
the various tissues relative to .beta.-2 microglobulin expression
in the same tissue. The threshold cycle (Ct) value is defined as
the cycle at which a statistically significant increase in
fluorescence is detected. A lower Ct value is indicative of a
higher mRNA concentration. The Ct value of the human 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene is normalized by subtracting the
Ct value of the .beta.-2 microglobulin gene to obtain a
.sub..DELTA.Ct value using the following formula:
.sub..DELTA.Ct=Ct.sub.sample-Ct.sub..beta.-2 microglobulin.
Expression is then calibrated against a cDNA sample showing a
comparatively low level of expression of the human 26199, 33530,
33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305,
14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 gene. The .sub..DELTA.Ct value for the
calibrator sample is then subtracted from .sub..DELTA.Ct for each
tissue sample according to the following formula:
.sub..DELTA..DELTA.Ct=.sub..DELTA.Ct-.sub.sample-.sub..DELTA.Ct-.sub.cali-
brator. Relative expression is then calculated using the arithmetic
formula given by 2.sup.-.DELTA..DELTA.Ct.
Example 5
In Situ Hybridization of 26199, 33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764,
62113, 32144, 32235, 23565, 13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843
[0803] The following describes the tissue distribution of 26199,
33530, 33949, 47148, 50226, 58764, 62113, 32144, 32235, 23565,
13305, 14911, 86216, 25206 or 8843 mRNA, as may be determined by in
situ hybridization analysis using oligonucleotide probes based on
the human G2RF sequence.
[0804] For in situ analysis, various tissues, e.g. tissues obtained
from brain, are first frozen on dry ice. Ten-micrometer-thick
sections of the tissues are postfixed with 4% formaldehyde in DEPC
treated 1.times. phosphate-buffered saline at room temperature for
10 minutes before being rinsed twice in DEPC 1.times.
phosphate-buffered saline and once in 0.1 M triethanolamine-HCl (pH
8.0). Following incubation in 0.25% acetic anhydride-0.1 M
triethanolamine-HCl for 10 minutes, sections are rinsed in DEPC
2.times.SSC (1.times.SSC is 0.15M NaCl plus 0.015M sodium citrate).
Tissue is then dehydrated through a series of ethanol washes,
incubated in 100% chloroform for 5 minutes, and then rinsed in 100%
ethanol for 1 minute and 95% ethanol for 1 minute and allowed to
air dry.
[0805] Hybridizations are performed with .sup.35S-radiolabeled
(5.times.10.sup.7 cpm/ml) cRNA probes. Probes are incubated in the
presence of a solution containing 600 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris (pH 7.5),
1 mM EDTA, 0.01% sheared salmon sperm DNA, 0.01% yeast tRNA, 0.05%
yeast total RNA type .times.1, 1.times.Denhardt's solution, 50%
formamide, 10% dextran sulfate, 100 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1% sodium
dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 0.1% sodium thiosulfate for 18 hours at
55.degree. C.
[0806] After hybridization, slides are washed with 2.times.SSC.
Sections are then sequentially incubated at 37.degree. C. in TNE (a
solution containing 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.6), 500 mM NaCl, and 1 mM
EDTA), for 10 minutes, in TNE with 10 .mu.g of RNase A per ml for
30 minutes, and finally in TNE for 10 minutes. Slides are then
rinsed with 2.times.SSC at room temperature, washed with
2.times.SSC at 50.degree. C. for 1 hour, washed with 0.2.times.SSC
at 55.degree. C. for 1 hour, and 0.2.times.SSC at 60.degree. C. for
1 hour. Sections are then dehydrated rapidly through serial
ethanol-0.3 M sodium acetate concentrations before being air dried
and exposed to Kodak Biomax MR scientific imaging film for 24 hours
and subsequently dipped in NB-2 photoemulsion and exposed at
4.degree. C. for 7 days before being developed and counter
stained.
[0807] The contents of all references, patents and published patent
applications cited throughout this application are incorporated
herein by reference.
EQUIVALENTS
[0808] Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to
ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many
equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described
herein.
Sequence CWU 1
1
13611828DNAHomo sapiensCDS(56)...(745) 1gcggtgcgcg ttgatgtgac
gtccctgcgc gcgccgcttt ctgttgccgg gcgca atg 58 Met 1gcg gat acg ctg
gag tcc tcg ctg gag gac cca ctg cgg agc ttt gtg 106Ala Asp Thr Leu
Glu Ser Ser Leu Glu Asp Pro Leu Arg Ser Phe Val 5 10 15cga gtt ttg
gag aag cgg gat ggt aca gtg cta cga cta cag cag tat 154Arg Val Leu
Glu Lys Arg Asp Gly Thr Val Leu Arg Leu Gln Gln Tyr 20 25 30agc tcc
ggt ggc gtg ggt tgc gtt gtg tgg gac gct gcc att gtc ctt 202Ser Ser
Gly Gly Val Gly Cys Val Val Trp Asp Ala Ala Ile Val Leu 35 40 45tct
aaa tac ctg gaa acg ccc gag ttt tct ggc gac ggg gcc cac gcg 250Ser
Lys Tyr Leu Glu Thr Pro Glu Phe Ser Gly Asp Gly Ala His Ala 50 55
60 65ctg agc cgg cgg tcg gtg ctg gag ctg ggt tcg ggc acc ggg gcc
gtg 298Leu Ser Arg Arg Ser Val Leu Glu Leu Gly Ser Gly Thr Gly Ala
Val 70 75 80ggg ctc atg gct gct acc ctc ggg gct gat gtt gta gtc acc
gat ctt 346Gly Leu Met Ala Ala Thr Leu Gly Ala Asp Val Val Val Thr
Asp Leu 85 90 95gag gaa ttg caa gac ttg ctg aag atg aat att aat atg
aac aag cat 394Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Lys Met Asn Ile Asn Met
Asn Lys His 100 105 110ctt gtc act ggt tct gtt caa gcc aag gta ctg
aaa tgg ggg gaa gaa 442Leu Val Thr Gly Ser Val Gln Ala Lys Val Leu
Lys Trp Gly Glu Glu 115 120 125ata gaa ggc ttt cct tct cca ccc gac
ttc ata ctg atg gcc gac tgc 490Ile Glu Gly Phe Pro Ser Pro Pro Asp
Phe Ile Leu Met Ala Asp Cys130 135 140 145ata tac tat gaa gag tct
ttg gag cca ttg ctg aaa act cta aaa gat 538Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Glu Ser
Leu Glu Pro Leu Leu Lys Thr Leu Lys Asp 150 155 160atc agc gga ttt
gaa act tgt att ata tgt tgt tat gaa caa cga aca 586Ile Ser Gly Phe
Glu Thr Cys Ile Ile Cys Cys Tyr Glu Gln Arg Thr 165 170 175atg ggg
aaa aat cca gaa att gag aaa aaa tat ttt gag ctc ctt cag 634Met Gly
Lys Asn Pro Glu Ile Glu Lys Lys Tyr Phe Glu Leu Leu Gln 180 185
190cta gat ttt gac ttt gaa aaa att cct ttg gaa aaa cat gat gaa gag
682Leu Asp Phe Asp Phe Glu Lys Ile Pro Leu Glu Lys His Asp Glu Glu
195 200 205tat cga agt gaa gat att cat att ata tac atc aga aag aaa
aaa tcg 730Tyr Arg Ser Glu Asp Ile His Ile Ile Tyr Ile Arg Lys Lys
Lys Ser210 215 220 225aaa ttt cca tcg tga agcctttaat catcttaccc
aaggctctaa caacctgggt 785Lys Phe Pro Ser *aaactaaaga tgtgaataga
gcatgtgaat acagcatggg aagattgtgt tcacagattt 845ttttttccgg
cacgtcctta gagatccgat gtatagatga tgaccaccag gggctgtctg
905caatacgaaa aattcctgct tgcctgcctg cctgccaatg gccctgaatc
cagcttaggt 965tacttagttc agcatcaagt tcttcttaaa tgttgggaat
cagttattca aataaaaatt 1025ggtattgagg cgaggctgaa atctgccaaa
aacagccaac atgatttgac tggacctttt 1085acaggaagct agagataaat
ttctgaagag aactatctgc tattatataa taatgtttta 1145aattcaaact
agtaaatttt agtttgtctt cagagtttaa aaggttttca ttttgtacat
1205aattatacaa tatttatcat ttgtattttc cacttcattt cttttaaaat
atctttaata 1265ctgaaatgtt cttttaattt taaaaagaac tgagatattg
tcttgtatac ttatattggc 1325caaagttttc ttttcctcca ccatacatat
ctatgtgatt taatcagtaa attgtactgt 1385aatgagttgc taagaagaca
aatcagaaga ttggaggaac aaaagatatc tttacagatt 1445tttcatttga
gcatggagtg agaatagaaa gaccagtttc aggcttatgc acttacgtgg
1505ctcatgcact ttatgtatat gttccaggaa aatctggctt aaaaatactg
gtattgttta 1565catgaagcag tgaaaggttt ttgaataact acaaatgtag
ttctatatgt atataccaaa 1625tgaatttctg ttctgtgtct ctctgtttta
tgttatgaag ccattcgctc atatacaata 1685atctgtcaag gactttaatc
atacttgttc caaagagtag taaccggatg gaattctggt 1745atttacaggc
attggtgcta gatggtacat tttatgtgtt aaaataaaca ttgtttttga
1805gaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaars gaa 18282229PRTHomo sapiens 2Met Ala Asp
Thr Leu Glu Ser Ser Leu Glu Asp Pro Leu Arg Ser Phe1 5 10 15Val Arg
Val Leu Glu Lys Arg Asp Gly Thr Val Leu Arg Leu Gln Gln 20 25 30Tyr
Ser Ser Gly Gly Val Gly Cys Val Val Trp Asp Ala Ala Ile Val 35 40
45Leu Ser Lys Tyr Leu Glu Thr Pro Glu Phe Ser Gly Asp Gly Ala His
50 55 60Ala Leu Ser Arg Arg Ser Val Leu Glu Leu Gly Ser Gly Thr Gly
Ala65 70 75 80Val Gly Leu Met Ala Ala Thr Leu Gly Ala Asp Val Val
Val Thr Asp 85 90 95Leu Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Lys Met Asn Ile
Asn Met Asn Lys 100 105 110His Leu Val Thr Gly Ser Val Gln Ala Lys
Val Leu Lys Trp Gly Glu 115 120 125Glu Ile Glu Gly Phe Pro Ser Pro
Pro Asp Phe Ile Leu Met Ala Asp 130 135 140Cys Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Glu
Ser Leu Glu Pro Leu Leu Lys Thr Leu Lys145 150 155 160Asp Ile Ser
Gly Phe Glu Thr Cys Ile Ile Cys Cys Tyr Glu Gln Arg 165 170 175Thr
Met Gly Lys Asn Pro Glu Ile Glu Lys Lys Tyr Phe Glu Leu Leu 180 185
190Gln Leu Asp Phe Asp Phe Glu Lys Ile Pro Leu Glu Lys His Asp Glu
195 200 205Glu Tyr Arg Ser Glu Asp Ile His Ile Ile Tyr Ile Arg Lys
Lys Lys 210 215 220Ser Lys Phe Pro Ser2253690DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(1)...(690) 3atg gcg gat acg ctg gag tcc tcg ctg gag gac
cca ctg cgg agc ttt 48Met Ala Asp Thr Leu Glu Ser Ser Leu Glu Asp
Pro Leu Arg Ser Phe 1 5 10 15gtg cga gtt ttg gag aag cgg gat ggt
aca gtg cta cga cta cag cag 96Val Arg Val Leu Glu Lys Arg Asp Gly
Thr Val Leu Arg Leu Gln Gln 20 25 30tat agc tcc ggt ggc gtg ggt tgc
gtt gtg tgg gac gct gcc att gtc 144Tyr Ser Ser Gly Gly Val Gly Cys
Val Val Trp Asp Ala Ala Ile Val 35 40 45ctt tct aaa tac ctg gaa acg
ccc gag ttt tct ggc gac ggg gcc cac 192Leu Ser Lys Tyr Leu Glu Thr
Pro Glu Phe Ser Gly Asp Gly Ala His 50 55 60gcg ctg agc cgg cgg tcg
gtg ctg gag ctg ggt tcg ggc acc ggg gcc 240Ala Leu Ser Arg Arg Ser
Val Leu Glu Leu Gly Ser Gly Thr Gly Ala 65 70 75 80gtg ggg ctc atg
gct gct acc ctc ggg gct gat gtt gta gtc acc gat 288Val Gly Leu Met
Ala Ala Thr Leu Gly Ala Asp Val Val Val Thr Asp 85 90 95ctt gag gaa
ttg caa gac ttg ctg aag atg aat att aat atg aac aag 336Leu Glu Glu
Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Lys Met Asn Ile Asn Met Asn Lys 100 105 110cat
ctt gtc act ggt tct gtt caa gcc aag gta ctg aaa tgg ggg gaa 384His
Leu Val Thr Gly Ser Val Gln Ala Lys Val Leu Lys Trp Gly Glu 115 120
125gaa ata gaa ggc ttt cct tct cca ccc gac ttc ata ctg atg gcc gac
432Glu Ile Glu Gly Phe Pro Ser Pro Pro Asp Phe Ile Leu Met Ala Asp
130 135 140tgc ata tac tat gaa gag tct ttg gag cca ttg ctg aaa act
cta aaa 480Cys Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Glu Ser Leu Glu Pro Leu Leu Lys Thr
Leu Lys145 150 155 160gat atc agc gga ttt gaa act tgt att ata tgt
tgt tat gaa caa cga 528Asp Ile Ser Gly Phe Glu Thr Cys Ile Ile Cys
Cys Tyr Glu Gln Arg 165 170 175aca atg ggg aaa aat cca gaa att gag
aaa aaa tat ttt gag ctc ctt 576Thr Met Gly Lys Asn Pro Glu Ile Glu
Lys Lys Tyr Phe Glu Leu Leu 180 185 190cag cta gat ttt gac ttt gaa
aaa att cct ttg gaa aaa cat gat gaa 624Gln Leu Asp Phe Asp Phe Glu
Lys Ile Pro Leu Glu Lys His Asp Glu 195 200 205gag tat cga agt gaa
gat att cat att ata tac atc aga aag aaa aaa 672Glu Tyr Arg Ser Glu
Asp Ile His Ile Ile Tyr Ile Arg Lys Lys Lys 210 215 220tcg aaa ttt
cca tcg tga 690Ser Lys Phe Pro Ser *22541408DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(36)...(1286) 4ccagtgtggt ggaattcagt tgcggctcca gggcc atg
gcg gag gag cag gcc 53 Met Ala Glu Glu Gln Ala 1 5cgg gaa cgg gac
tcg gtt ccc aag ccg tcg gtg ctg ttc ctc cac cca 101Arg Glu Arg Asp
Ser Val Pro Lys Pro Ser Val Leu Phe Leu His Pro 10 15 20gac ctg ggc
gtg ggc ggc gct gag cgg ctg gtg ttg gac gcg gcg ctg 149Asp Leu Gly
Val Gly Gly Ala Glu Arg Leu Val Leu Asp Ala Ala Leu 25 30 35gcg ctg
cag gcg cgc ggg tgt agc gtg aag atc tgg aca gcg cac tac 197Ala Leu
Gln Ala Arg Gly Cys Ser Val Lys Ile Trp Thr Ala His Tyr 40 45 50gac
ccg ggc cac tgt ttc gcc gag agc cgc gag cta ccg gtg cgc tgt 245Asp
Pro Gly His Cys Phe Ala Glu Ser Arg Glu Leu Pro Val Arg Cys 55 60
65 70gcc ggg gac tgg ctg ccg cga ggc ctg ggc tgg ggc ggc cgc ggc
gcc 293Ala Gly Asp Trp Leu Pro Arg Gly Leu Gly Trp Gly Gly Arg Gly
Ala 75 80 85gcc gtc tgc gcc tac gtg cgc atg gtt ttc ctg gcg ctc tac
gtg ctg 341Ala Val Cys Ala Tyr Val Arg Met Val Phe Leu Ala Leu Tyr
Val Leu 90 95 100ttc ctc gcc gac gag gag ttc gac gtg gta gtg tgc
gac cag gtg tct 389Phe Leu Ala Asp Glu Glu Phe Asp Val Val Val Cys
Asp Gln Val Ser 105 110 115gcc tgt atc cca gtg ttc agg ctg gct aga
cgg cgg aag aag atc cta 437Ala Cys Ile Pro Val Phe Arg Leu Ala Arg
Arg Arg Lys Lys Ile Leu 120 125 130ttt tac tgt cac ttc cca gat ctg
ctt ctc acc aag aga gat tct ttt 485Phe Tyr Cys His Phe Pro Asp Leu
Leu Leu Thr Lys Arg Asp Ser Phe135 140 145 150ctt aaa cga cta tac
agg gcc cca att gac tgg ata gag gaa tac acc 533Leu Lys Arg Leu Tyr
Arg Ala Pro Ile Asp Trp Ile Glu Glu Tyr Thr 155 160 165aca ggc atg
gca gac tgc atc tta gtc aac agc cag ttc aca gct gct 581Thr Gly Met
Ala Asp Cys Ile Leu Val Asn Ser Gln Phe Thr Ala Ala 170 175 180gtt
ttt aag gaa aca ttc aag tcc ctg tct cac ata gac cct gat gtc 629Val
Phe Lys Glu Thr Phe Lys Ser Leu Ser His Ile Asp Pro Asp Val 185 190
195ctc tat cca tct cta aat gtc acc agc ttt gac tca gtt gtt cct gaa
677Leu Tyr Pro Ser Leu Asn Val Thr Ser Phe Asp Ser Val Val Pro Glu
200 205 210aag ctg gat gac cta gtc ccc aag ggg aaa aaa ttc ctg ctg
ctc tcc 725Lys Leu Asp Asp Leu Val Pro Lys Gly Lys Lys Phe Leu Leu
Leu Ser215 220 225 230atc aac aga tac gaa agg aag aaa aat ctg act
ttg gca ctg gaa gcc 773Ile Asn Arg Tyr Glu Arg Lys Lys Asn Leu Thr
Leu Ala Leu Glu Ala 235 240 245cta gta cag ctg cgt gga aga ttg aca
tcc caa gat tgg gag agg gtt 821Leu Val Gln Leu Arg Gly Arg Leu Thr
Ser Gln Asp Trp Glu Arg Val 250 255 260cat ctg atc gtg gca ggt ggt
tat gac gag aga gtc ctg gag aat gtg 869His Leu Ile Val Ala Gly Gly
Tyr Asp Glu Arg Val Leu Glu Asn Val 265 270 275gaa cat tat cag gaa
ttg aag aaa atg gtc caa cag tcc gac ctt ggc 917Glu His Tyr Gln Glu
Leu Lys Lys Met Val Gln Gln Ser Asp Leu Gly 280 285 290cag tat gtg
acc ttc ttg agg tct ttc tca gac aaa cag aaa atc tcc 965Gln Tyr Val
Thr Phe Leu Arg Ser Phe Ser Asp Lys Gln Lys Ile Ser295 300 305
310ctc ctc cac agc tgc acg tgt gtg ctt tac aca cca agc aat gag cac
1013Leu Leu His Ser Cys Thr Cys Val Leu Tyr Thr Pro Ser Asn Glu His
315 320 325ttt ggc att gtc cct ctg gaa gcc atg tac atg cag tgc cca
gtc att 1061Phe Gly Ile Val Pro Leu Glu Ala Met Tyr Met Gln Cys Pro
Val Ile 330 335 340gct gtt aat tcg ggt gga ccc ttg gag tcc att gac
cac agt gtc aca 1109Ala Val Asn Ser Gly Gly Pro Leu Glu Ser Ile Asp
His Ser Val Thr 345 350 355ggg ttt ctg tgt gag cct gac ccg gtg cac
ttc tca gaa gca ata gaa 1157Gly Phe Leu Cys Glu Pro Asp Pro Val His
Phe Ser Glu Ala Ile Glu 360 365 370aag ttc atc cgt gaa cct tcc tta
aaa gcc acc atg ggc ctg gct gga 1205Lys Phe Ile Arg Glu Pro Ser Leu
Lys Ala Thr Met Gly Leu Ala Gly375 380 385 390aga gcc aga gtg aag
gaa aaa ttt tcc cct gaa gca ttt aca gaa cag 1253Arg Ala Arg Val Lys
Glu Lys Phe Ser Pro Glu Ala Phe Thr Glu Gln 395 400 405ctc tac cga
tat gtt acc aaa ctg ctg gta taa ctcgagtcta gagggcccgt 1306Leu Tyr
Arg Tyr Val Thr Lys Leu Leu Val * 410 415ttaaacccgc tgatcagcct
cgactgtgcc ttctagttgc cagccatctg ttgtttgccc 1366ctcccccgtg
ccttgccttg accctggaag gtgccacgcc ca 14085416PRTHomo sapiens 5Met
Ala Glu Glu Gln Ala Arg Glu Arg Asp Ser Val Pro Lys Pro Ser1 5 10
15Val Leu Phe Leu His Pro Asp Leu Gly Val Gly Gly Ala Glu Arg Leu
20 25 30Val Leu Asp Ala Ala Leu Ala Leu Gln Ala Arg Gly Cys Ser Val
Lys 35 40 45Ile Trp Thr Ala His Tyr Asp Pro Gly His Cys Phe Ala Glu
Ser Arg 50 55 60Glu Leu Pro Val Arg Cys Ala Gly Asp Trp Leu Pro Arg
Gly Leu Gly65 70 75 80Trp Gly Gly Arg Gly Ala Ala Val Cys Ala Tyr
Val Arg Met Val Phe 85 90 95Leu Ala Leu Tyr Val Leu Phe Leu Ala Asp
Glu Glu Phe Asp Val Val 100 105 110Val Cys Asp Gln Val Ser Ala Cys
Ile Pro Val Phe Arg Leu Ala Arg 115 120 125Arg Arg Lys Lys Ile Leu
Phe Tyr Cys His Phe Pro Asp Leu Leu Leu 130 135 140Thr Lys Arg Asp
Ser Phe Leu Lys Arg Leu Tyr Arg Ala Pro Ile Asp145 150 155 160Trp
Ile Glu Glu Tyr Thr Thr Gly Met Ala Asp Cys Ile Leu Val Asn 165 170
175Ser Gln Phe Thr Ala Ala Val Phe Lys Glu Thr Phe Lys Ser Leu Ser
180 185 190His Ile Asp Pro Asp Val Leu Tyr Pro Ser Leu Asn Val Thr
Ser Phe 195 200 205Asp Ser Val Val Pro Glu Lys Leu Asp Asp Leu Val
Pro Lys Gly Lys 210 215 220Lys Phe Leu Leu Leu Ser Ile Asn Arg Tyr
Glu Arg Lys Lys Asn Leu225 230 235 240Thr Leu Ala Leu Glu Ala Leu
Val Gln Leu Arg Gly Arg Leu Thr Ser 245 250 255Gln Asp Trp Glu Arg
Val His Leu Ile Val Ala Gly Gly Tyr Asp Glu 260 265 270Arg Val Leu
Glu Asn Val Glu His Tyr Gln Glu Leu Lys Lys Met Val 275 280 285Gln
Gln Ser Asp Leu Gly Gln Tyr Val Thr Phe Leu Arg Ser Phe Ser 290 295
300Asp Lys Gln Lys Ile Ser Leu Leu His Ser Cys Thr Cys Val Leu
Tyr305 310 315 320Thr Pro Ser Asn Glu His Phe Gly Ile Val Pro Leu
Glu Ala Met Tyr 325 330 335Met Gln Cys Pro Val Ile Ala Val Asn Ser
Gly Gly Pro Leu Glu Ser 340 345 350Ile Asp His Ser Val Thr Gly Phe
Leu Cys Glu Pro Asp Pro Val His 355 360 365Phe Ser Glu Ala Ile Glu
Lys Phe Ile Arg Glu Pro Ser Leu Lys Ala 370 375 380Thr Met Gly Leu
Ala Gly Arg Ala Arg Val Lys Glu Lys Phe Ser Pro385 390 395 400Glu
Ala Phe Thr Glu Gln Leu Tyr Arg Tyr Val Thr Lys Leu Leu Val 405 410
41561251DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(1251) 6atg gcg gag gag cag gcc cgg
gaa cgg gac tcg gtt ccc aag ccg tcg 48Met Ala Glu Glu Gln Ala Arg
Glu Arg Asp Ser Val Pro Lys Pro Ser 1 5 10 15gtg ctg ttc ctc cac
cca gac ctg ggc gtg ggc ggc gct gag cgg ctg 96Val Leu Phe Leu His
Pro Asp Leu Gly Val Gly Gly Ala Glu Arg Leu 20 25 30gtg ttg gac gcg
gcg ctg gcg ctg cag gcg cgc ggg tgt agc gtg aag 144Val Leu Asp Ala
Ala Leu Ala Leu Gln Ala Arg Gly Cys Ser Val Lys 35 40 45atc tgg aca
gcg cac tac gac ccg ggc cac tgt ttc gcc gag agc cgc 192Ile Trp Thr
Ala His Tyr Asp Pro Gly His Cys Phe Ala Glu Ser Arg 50 55 60gag cta
ccg gtg cgc tgt gcc ggg gac tgg ctg ccg cga ggc ctg ggc 240Glu Leu
Pro Val Arg Cys Ala Gly Asp Trp Leu Pro Arg Gly Leu Gly 65 70 75
80tgg ggc ggc cgc ggc gcc gcc gtc tgc gcc tac gtg cgc atg gtt ttc
288Trp Gly Gly Arg Gly Ala Ala Val Cys Ala Tyr Val Arg Met Val
Phe
85 90 95ctg gcg ctc tac gtg ctg ttc ctc gcc gac gag gag ttc gac gtg
gta 336Leu Ala Leu Tyr Val Leu Phe Leu Ala Asp Glu Glu Phe Asp Val
Val 100 105 110gtg tgc gac cag gtg tct gcc tgt atc cca gtg ttc agg
ctg gct aga 384Val Cys Asp Gln Val Ser Ala Cys Ile Pro Val Phe Arg
Leu Ala Arg 115 120 125cgg cgg aag aag atc cta ttt tac tgt cac ttc
cca gat ctg ctt ctc 432Arg Arg Lys Lys Ile Leu Phe Tyr Cys His Phe
Pro Asp Leu Leu Leu 130 135 140acc aag aga gat tct ttt ctt aaa cga
cta tac agg gcc cca att gac 480Thr Lys Arg Asp Ser Phe Leu Lys Arg
Leu Tyr Arg Ala Pro Ile Asp145 150 155 160tgg ata gag gaa tac acc
aca ggc atg gca gac tgc atc tta gtc aac 528Trp Ile Glu Glu Tyr Thr
Thr Gly Met Ala Asp Cys Ile Leu Val Asn 165 170 175agc cag ttc aca
gct gct gtt ttt aag gaa aca ttc aag tcc ctg tct 576Ser Gln Phe Thr
Ala Ala Val Phe Lys Glu Thr Phe Lys Ser Leu Ser 180 185 190cac ata
gac cct gat gtc ctc tat cca tct cta aat gtc acc agc ttt 624His Ile
Asp Pro Asp Val Leu Tyr Pro Ser Leu Asn Val Thr Ser Phe 195 200
205gac tca gtt gtt cct gaa aag ctg gat gac cta gtc ccc aag ggg aaa
672Asp Ser Val Val Pro Glu Lys Leu Asp Asp Leu Val Pro Lys Gly Lys
210 215 220aaa ttc ctg ctg ctc tcc atc aac aga tac gaa agg aag aaa
aat ctg 720Lys Phe Leu Leu Leu Ser Ile Asn Arg Tyr Glu Arg Lys Lys
Asn Leu225 230 235 240act ttg gca ctg gaa gcc cta gta cag ctg cgt
gga aga ttg aca tcc 768Thr Leu Ala Leu Glu Ala Leu Val Gln Leu Arg
Gly Arg Leu Thr Ser 245 250 255caa gat tgg gag agg gtt cat ctg atc
gtg gca ggt ggt tat gac gag 816Gln Asp Trp Glu Arg Val His Leu Ile
Val Ala Gly Gly Tyr Asp Glu 260 265 270aga gtc ctg gag aat gtg gaa
cat tat cag gaa ttg aag aaa atg gtc 864Arg Val Leu Glu Asn Val Glu
His Tyr Gln Glu Leu Lys Lys Met Val 275 280 285caa cag tcc gac ctt
ggc cag tat gtg acc ttc ttg agg tct ttc tca 912Gln Gln Ser Asp Leu
Gly Gln Tyr Val Thr Phe Leu Arg Ser Phe Ser 290 295 300gac aaa cag
aaa atc tcc ctc ctc cac agc tgc acg tgt gtg ctt tac 960Asp Lys Gln
Lys Ile Ser Leu Leu His Ser Cys Thr Cys Val Leu Tyr305 310 315
320aca cca agc aat gag cac ttt ggc att gtc cct ctg gaa gcc atg tac
1008Thr Pro Ser Asn Glu His Phe Gly Ile Val Pro Leu Glu Ala Met Tyr
325 330 335atg cag tgc cca gtc att gct gtt aat tcg ggt gga ccc ttg
gag tcc 1056Met Gln Cys Pro Val Ile Ala Val Asn Ser Gly Gly Pro Leu
Glu Ser 340 345 350att gac cac agt gtc aca ggg ttt ctg tgt gag cct
gac ccg gtg cac 1104Ile Asp His Ser Val Thr Gly Phe Leu Cys Glu Pro
Asp Pro Val His 355 360 365ttc tca gaa gca ata gaa aag ttc atc cgt
gaa cct tcc tta aaa gcc 1152Phe Ser Glu Ala Ile Glu Lys Phe Ile Arg
Glu Pro Ser Leu Lys Ala 370 375 380acc atg ggc ctg gct gga aga gcc
aga gtg aag gaa aaa ttt tcc cct 1200Thr Met Gly Leu Ala Gly Arg Ala
Arg Val Lys Glu Lys Phe Ser Pro385 390 395 400gaa gca ttt aca gaa
cag ctc tac cga tat gtt acc aaa ctg ctg gta 1248Glu Ala Phe Thr Glu
Gln Leu Tyr Arg Tyr Val Thr Lys Leu Leu Val 405 410 415taa
1251*72327DNAHomo sapiensCDS(148)...(1974) 7ggcagttcag cccgcgccgc
tcctgcgggt cggactgggg ctgtggcggg agagaagatg 60ccgcagcccg agtcccagaa
ggcggcgatc ctgggctgcg ggcaaggcgg aaattgacaa 120tggcccttca
gctatgctag gtctata atg gga agt gtc aca gtt cgg tat ttc 174 Met Gly
Ser Val Thr Val Arg Tyr Phe 1 5tgt tat ggg tgc ctt ttt aca tct gcg
acc tgg aca gtt ttg ctt ttt 222Cys Tyr Gly Cys Leu Phe Thr Ser Ala
Thr Trp Thr Val Leu Leu Phe 10 15 20 25gtt tat ttc aac ttc agt gaa
gtg act cag cca ctt aag aat gtg ccc 270Val Tyr Phe Asn Phe Ser Glu
Val Thr Gln Pro Leu Lys Asn Val Pro 30 35 40gtc aag ggg tct ggg ccc
cac gga cca tct cca aaa aaa ttc tat ccc 318Val Lys Gly Ser Gly Pro
His Gly Pro Ser Pro Lys Lys Phe Tyr Pro 45 50 55cgt ttc act cga ggc
cca agt cga gtg ctc gag cca cag ttc aaa gca 366Arg Phe Thr Arg Gly
Pro Ser Arg Val Leu Glu Pro Gln Phe Lys Ala 60 65 70aac aaa att gac
gat gtg ata gac agt cgt gtt gaa gat cca gaa gaa 414Asn Lys Ile Asp
Asp Val Ile Asp Ser Arg Val Glu Asp Pro Glu Glu 75 80 85ggc cac ttg
aaa ttc tct tct gaa tta ggt atg att ttt aat gaa cgc 462Gly His Leu
Lys Phe Ser Ser Glu Leu Gly Met Ile Phe Asn Glu Arg 90 95 100
105gat caa gag ttg aga gac ttg ggc tat cag aaa cat gct ttt aat atg
510Asp Gln Glu Leu Arg Asp Leu Gly Tyr Gln Lys His Ala Phe Asn Met
110 115 120ctt atc agt gac cgc ttg ggc tac cac aga gat gtg cca gac
aca agg 558Leu Ile Ser Asp Arg Leu Gly Tyr His Arg Asp Val Pro Asp
Thr Arg 125 130 135aat gca gca tgt aaa gaa aag ttc tac cca cct gac
ctg cca gct gct 606Asn Ala Ala Cys Lys Glu Lys Phe Tyr Pro Pro Asp
Leu Pro Ala Ala 140 145 150agt gtt gtt atc tgt ttc tat aat gaa gcg
ttt tct gcc ttg ctt cgg 654Ser Val Val Ile Cys Phe Tyr Asn Glu Ala
Phe Ser Ala Leu Leu Arg 155 160 165aca gtg cac agt gtc ata gac cgc
acg cca gca cac ctg ctt cat gag 702Thr Val His Ser Val Ile Asp Arg
Thr Pro Ala His Leu Leu His Glu170 175 180 185atc atc ctt gtg gat
gat gat agt gac ttt gat gat ttg aaa gga gaa 750Ile Ile Leu Val Asp
Asp Asp Ser Asp Phe Asp Asp Leu Lys Gly Glu 190 195 200cta gat gaa
tat gtc caa aaa tac ctc cct gga aaa att aaa gtc ata 798Leu Asp Glu
Tyr Val Gln Lys Tyr Leu Pro Gly Lys Ile Lys Val Ile 205 210 215aga
aat aca aag cgt gag ggg ttg att cga ggg aga atg att ggc gcg 846Arg
Asn Thr Lys Arg Glu Gly Leu Ile Arg Gly Arg Met Ile Gly Ala 220 225
230gcc cac gcg aca gga gaa gtc ctt gtg ttc ctg gac agc cac tgt gaa
894Ala His Ala Thr Gly Glu Val Leu Val Phe Leu Asp Ser His Cys Glu
235 240 245gtg aat gtg atg tgg ctg cag ccc ttg ctg gcc gcc atc cgt
gag gac 942Val Asn Val Met Trp Leu Gln Pro Leu Leu Ala Ala Ile Arg
Glu Asp250 255 260 265cgg cac acc gtg gtg tgc cca gtg att gac atc
atc agc gcc gac acg 990Arg His Thr Val Val Cys Pro Val Ile Asp Ile
Ile Ser Ala Asp Thr 270 275 280ctg gcc tac agc tcg tcc cct gtc gtc
cgc gga ggg ttc aac tgg gga 1038Leu Ala Tyr Ser Ser Ser Pro Val Val
Arg Gly Gly Phe Asn Trp Gly 285 290 295ctg cac ttc aaa tgg gat ctt
gtc ccc ctt tct gag cta gga cga gcg 1086Leu His Phe Lys Trp Asp Leu
Val Pro Leu Ser Glu Leu Gly Arg Ala 300 305 310gag gga gcc act gca
cca ata aag tca cca aca atg gct gga ggt ttg 1134Glu Gly Ala Thr Ala
Pro Ile Lys Ser Pro Thr Met Ala Gly Gly Leu 315 320 325ttt gcc atg
aac aga cag tat ttc cat gaa ctt gga cag tat gat agt 1182Phe Ala Met
Asn Arg Gln Tyr Phe His Glu Leu Gly Gln Tyr Asp Ser330 335 340
345ggc atg gat atc tgg gga gga gaa aat ttg gaa ata tca ttt cgg atc
1230Gly Met Asp Ile Trp Gly Gly Glu Asn Leu Glu Ile Ser Phe Arg Ile
350 355 360tgg atg tgt ggc ggt aag ctc ttc atc atc cct tgc tct aga
gta gga 1278Trp Met Cys Gly Gly Lys Leu Phe Ile Ile Pro Cys Ser Arg
Val Gly 365 370 375cac att ttc cga aaa agg cga cca tat gga tct ccc
gaa ggc cag gac 1326His Ile Phe Arg Lys Arg Arg Pro Tyr Gly Ser Pro
Glu Gly Gln Asp 380 385 390acc atg aca cac aac tct ttg cgg ctg gca
cat gtc tgg ttg gat gaa 1374Thr Met Thr His Asn Ser Leu Arg Leu Ala
His Val Trp Leu Asp Glu 395 400 405tac aag gag cag tat ttt tcc tta
aga cct gac ctg aag acg aaa agc 1422Tyr Lys Glu Gln Tyr Phe Ser Leu
Arg Pro Asp Leu Lys Thr Lys Ser410 415 420 425tat ggc aat atc agt
gag cgt gtg gaa ctg aga aag aag ttg ggc tgt 1470Tyr Gly Asn Ile Ser
Glu Arg Val Glu Leu Arg Lys Lys Leu Gly Cys 430 435 440aaa tca ttt
aaa tgg tat ttg gat aat gta tac cca gag atg cag ata 1518Lys Ser Phe
Lys Trp Tyr Leu Asp Asn Val Tyr Pro Glu Met Gln Ile 445 450 455tct
ggg tcc cac gcc aaa ccc caa caa ccc att ttt gtc aat aga ggg 1566Ser
Gly Ser His Ala Lys Pro Gln Gln Pro Ile Phe Val Asn Arg Gly 460 465
470cca aaa cga ccc aaa gtc ctt caa cgt gga agg ctc tat cac ctc cag
1614Pro Lys Arg Pro Lys Val Leu Gln Arg Gly Arg Leu Tyr His Leu Gln
475 480 485acc aac aaa tgc ctg gtg gcc cag ggc cgc cca agt cag aag
gga ggt 1662Thr Asn Lys Cys Leu Val Ala Gln Gly Arg Pro Ser Gln Lys
Gly Gly490 495 500 505ctc gtg gtg ctt aag gcc tgt gac tac agt gac
cca aat cag atc tgg 1710Leu Val Val Leu Lys Ala Cys Asp Tyr Ser Asp
Pro Asn Gln Ile Trp 510 515 520atc tat aat gaa gag cat gaa ttg gtt
tta aat agt ctc ctt tgt cta 1758Ile Tyr Asn Glu Glu His Glu Leu Val
Leu Asn Ser Leu Leu Cys Leu 525 530 535gat atg tca gag act cgc tca
tca gac ccg cca cgg ctc atg aaa tgc 1806Asp Met Ser Glu Thr Arg Ser
Ser Asp Pro Pro Arg Leu Met Lys Cys 540 545 550cac ggg tca gga gga
tcc cag cag tgg acc ttt ggg aaa aac aat cgg 1854His Gly Ser Gly Gly
Ser Gln Gln Trp Thr Phe Gly Lys Asn Asn Arg 555 560 565cta tac cag
gtg tcg gtt gga cag tgc ctg aga gca gtg gat ccc ctg 1902Leu Tyr Gln
Val Ser Val Gly Gln Cys Leu Arg Ala Val Asp Pro Leu570 575 580
585ggt cag aag ggc tct gtc gcc atg gcg atc tgc gat ggc tcc tct tca
1950Gly Gln Lys Gly Ser Val Ala Met Ala Ile Cys Asp Gly Ser Ser Ser
590 595 600cag cag tgg cat ttg gaa ggt taa ggtggatgct gtggcgggaa
cgttgcttca 2004Gln Gln Trp His Leu Glu Gly * 605tcaggcgttg
cctccggtgt ggagtttggg gctttaggaa agcctgggtt gggtggagca
2064gaaccatctt ggagaagatg acagttccct gtcctcccgg agatgcctgg
gtgtgttagc 2124agaggtgaca cgtgtctgac agagacggga gctctgagtg
tccacgggtg aagaagtgag 2184tgtccacggg tgaagaagtg agtatgtttc
acctggacat taaggtgatg tttgagctgc 2244tgttaaggaa tttcttgctt
atagaggcaa accacagtat cattttaact ctagaattgg 2304gcttgtacct
cggccgcgac cac 23278608PRTHomo sapiens 8Met Gly Ser Val Thr Val Arg
Tyr Phe Cys Tyr Gly Cys Leu Phe Thr1 5 10 15Ser Ala Thr Trp Thr Val
Leu Leu Phe Val Tyr Phe Asn Phe Ser Glu 20 25 30Val Thr Gln Pro Leu
Lys Asn Val Pro Val Lys Gly Ser Gly Pro His 35 40 45Gly Pro Ser Pro
Lys Lys Phe Tyr Pro Arg Phe Thr Arg Gly Pro Ser 50 55 60Arg Val Leu
Glu Pro Gln Phe Lys Ala Asn Lys Ile Asp Asp Val Ile65 70 75 80Asp
Ser Arg Val Glu Asp Pro Glu Glu Gly His Leu Lys Phe Ser Ser 85 90
95Glu Leu Gly Met Ile Phe Asn Glu Arg Asp Gln Glu Leu Arg Asp Leu
100 105 110Gly Tyr Gln Lys His Ala Phe Asn Met Leu Ile Ser Asp Arg
Leu Gly 115 120 125Tyr His Arg Asp Val Pro Asp Thr Arg Asn Ala Ala
Cys Lys Glu Lys 130 135 140Phe Tyr Pro Pro Asp Leu Pro Ala Ala Ser
Val Val Ile Cys Phe Tyr145 150 155 160Asn Glu Ala Phe Ser Ala Leu
Leu Arg Thr Val His Ser Val Ile Asp 165 170 175Arg Thr Pro Ala His
Leu Leu His Glu Ile Ile Leu Val Asp Asp Asp 180 185 190Ser Asp Phe
Asp Asp Leu Lys Gly Glu Leu Asp Glu Tyr Val Gln Lys 195 200 205Tyr
Leu Pro Gly Lys Ile Lys Val Ile Arg Asn Thr Lys Arg Glu Gly 210 215
220Leu Ile Arg Gly Arg Met Ile Gly Ala Ala His Ala Thr Gly Glu
Val225 230 235 240Leu Val Phe Leu Asp Ser His Cys Glu Val Asn Val
Met Trp Leu Gln 245 250 255Pro Leu Leu Ala Ala Ile Arg Glu Asp Arg
His Thr Val Val Cys Pro 260 265 270Val Ile Asp Ile Ile Ser Ala Asp
Thr Leu Ala Tyr Ser Ser Ser Pro 275 280 285Val Val Arg Gly Gly Phe
Asn Trp Gly Leu His Phe Lys Trp Asp Leu 290 295 300Val Pro Leu Ser
Glu Leu Gly Arg Ala Glu Gly Ala Thr Ala Pro Ile305 310 315 320Lys
Ser Pro Thr Met Ala Gly Gly Leu Phe Ala Met Asn Arg Gln Tyr 325 330
335Phe His Glu Leu Gly Gln Tyr Asp Ser Gly Met Asp Ile Trp Gly Gly
340 345 350Glu Asn Leu Glu Ile Ser Phe Arg Ile Trp Met Cys Gly Gly
Lys Leu 355 360 365Phe Ile Ile Pro Cys Ser Arg Val Gly His Ile Phe
Arg Lys Arg Arg 370 375 380Pro Tyr Gly Ser Pro Glu Gly Gln Asp Thr
Met Thr His Asn Ser Leu385 390 395 400Arg Leu Ala His Val Trp Leu
Asp Glu Tyr Lys Glu Gln Tyr Phe Ser 405 410 415Leu Arg Pro Asp Leu
Lys Thr Lys Ser Tyr Gly Asn Ile Ser Glu Arg 420 425 430Val Glu Leu
Arg Lys Lys Leu Gly Cys Lys Ser Phe Lys Trp Tyr Leu 435 440 445Asp
Asn Val Tyr Pro Glu Met Gln Ile Ser Gly Ser His Ala Lys Pro 450 455
460Gln Gln Pro Ile Phe Val Asn Arg Gly Pro Lys Arg Pro Lys Val
Leu465 470 475 480Gln Arg Gly Arg Leu Tyr His Leu Gln Thr Asn Lys
Cys Leu Val Ala 485 490 495Gln Gly Arg Pro Ser Gln Lys Gly Gly Leu
Val Val Leu Lys Ala Cys 500 505 510Asp Tyr Ser Asp Pro Asn Gln Ile
Trp Ile Tyr Asn Glu Glu His Glu 515 520 525Leu Val Leu Asn Ser Leu
Leu Cys Leu Asp Met Ser Glu Thr Arg Ser 530 535 540Ser Asp Pro Pro
Arg Leu Met Lys Cys His Gly Ser Gly Gly Ser Gln545 550 555 560Gln
Trp Thr Phe Gly Lys Asn Asn Arg Leu Tyr Gln Val Ser Val Gly 565 570
575Gln Cys Leu Arg Ala Val Asp Pro Leu Gly Gln Lys Gly Ser Val Ala
580 585 590Met Ala Ile Cys Asp Gly Ser Ser Ser Gln Gln Trp His Leu
Glu Gly 595 600 60591827DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(1827) 9atg gga agt
gtc aca gtt cgg tat ttc tgt tat ggg tgc ctt ttt aca 48Met Gly Ser
Val Thr Val Arg Tyr Phe Cys Tyr Gly Cys Leu Phe Thr 1 5 10 15tct
gcg acc tgg aca gtt ttg ctt ttt gtt tat ttc aac ttc agt gaa 96Ser
Ala Thr Trp Thr Val Leu Leu Phe Val Tyr Phe Asn Phe Ser Glu 20 25
30gtg act cag cca ctt aag aat gtg ccc gtc aag ggg tct ggg ccc cac
144Val Thr Gln Pro Leu Lys Asn Val Pro Val Lys Gly Ser Gly Pro His
35 40 45gga cca tct cca aaa aaa ttc tat ccc cgt ttc act cga ggc cca
agt 192Gly Pro Ser Pro Lys Lys Phe Tyr Pro Arg Phe Thr Arg Gly Pro
Ser 50 55 60cga gtg ctc gag cca cag ttc aaa gca aac aaa att gac gat
gtg ata 240Arg Val Leu Glu Pro Gln Phe Lys Ala Asn Lys Ile Asp Asp
Val Ile 65 70 75 80gac agt cgt gtt gaa gat cca gaa gaa ggc cac ttg
aaa ttc tct tct 288Asp Ser Arg Val Glu Asp Pro Glu Glu Gly His Leu
Lys Phe Ser Ser 85 90 95gaa tta ggt atg att ttt aat gaa cgc gat caa
gag ttg aga gac ttg 336Glu Leu Gly Met Ile Phe Asn Glu Arg Asp Gln
Glu Leu Arg Asp Leu 100 105 110ggc tat cag aaa cat gct ttt aat atg
ctt atc agt gac cgc ttg ggc 384Gly Tyr Gln Lys His Ala Phe Asn Met
Leu Ile Ser Asp Arg Leu Gly 115 120 125tac cac aga gat gtg cca gac
aca agg aat gca gca tgt aaa gaa aag 432Tyr His Arg Asp Val Pro Asp
Thr Arg Asn Ala Ala Cys Lys Glu Lys 130 135 140ttc tac cca cct gac
ctg cca gct gct agt gtt gtt atc tgt ttc tat 480Phe Tyr Pro Pro Asp
Leu Pro Ala Ala Ser Val Val Ile Cys Phe Tyr145
150 155 160aat gaa gcg ttt tct gcc ttg ctt cgg aca gtg cac agt gtc
ata gac 528Asn Glu Ala Phe Ser Ala Leu Leu Arg Thr Val His Ser Val
Ile Asp 165 170 175cgc acg cca gca cac ctg ctt cat gag atc atc ctt
gtg gat gat gat 576Arg Thr Pro Ala His Leu Leu His Glu Ile Ile Leu
Val Asp Asp Asp 180 185 190agt gac ttt gat gat ttg aaa gga gaa cta
gat gaa tat gtc caa aaa 624Ser Asp Phe Asp Asp Leu Lys Gly Glu Leu
Asp Glu Tyr Val Gln Lys 195 200 205tac ctc cct gga aaa att aaa gtc
ata aga aat aca aag cgt gag ggg 672Tyr Leu Pro Gly Lys Ile Lys Val
Ile Arg Asn Thr Lys Arg Glu Gly 210 215 220ttg att cga ggg aga atg
att ggc gcg gcc cac gcg aca gga gaa gtc 720Leu Ile Arg Gly Arg Met
Ile Gly Ala Ala His Ala Thr Gly Glu Val225 230 235 240ctt gtg ttc
ctg gac agc cac tgt gaa gtg aat gtg atg tgg ctg cag 768Leu Val Phe
Leu Asp Ser His Cys Glu Val Asn Val Met Trp Leu Gln 245 250 255ccc
ttg ctg gcc gcc atc cgt gag gac cgg cac acc gtg gtg tgc cca 816Pro
Leu Leu Ala Ala Ile Arg Glu Asp Arg His Thr Val Val Cys Pro 260 265
270gtg att gac atc atc agc gcc gac acg ctg gcc tac agc tcg tcc cct
864Val Ile Asp Ile Ile Ser Ala Asp Thr Leu Ala Tyr Ser Ser Ser Pro
275 280 285gtc gtc cgc gga ggg ttc aac tgg gga ctg cac ttc aaa tgg
gat ctt 912Val Val Arg Gly Gly Phe Asn Trp Gly Leu His Phe Lys Trp
Asp Leu 290 295 300gtc ccc ctt tct gag cta gga cga gcg gag gga gcc
act gca cca ata 960Val Pro Leu Ser Glu Leu Gly Arg Ala Glu Gly Ala
Thr Ala Pro Ile305 310 315 320aag tca cca aca atg gct gga ggt ttg
ttt gcc atg aac aga cag tat 1008Lys Ser Pro Thr Met Ala Gly Gly Leu
Phe Ala Met Asn Arg Gln Tyr 325 330 335ttc cat gaa ctt gga cag tat
gat agt ggc atg gat atc tgg gga gga 1056Phe His Glu Leu Gly Gln Tyr
Asp Ser Gly Met Asp Ile Trp Gly Gly 340 345 350gaa aat ttg gaa ata
tca ttt cgg atc tgg atg tgt ggc ggt aag ctc 1104Glu Asn Leu Glu Ile
Ser Phe Arg Ile Trp Met Cys Gly Gly Lys Leu 355 360 365ttc atc atc
cct tgc tct aga gta gga cac att ttc cga aaa agg cga 1152Phe Ile Ile
Pro Cys Ser Arg Val Gly His Ile Phe Arg Lys Arg Arg 370 375 380cca
tat gga tct ccc gaa ggc cag gac acc atg aca cac aac tct ttg 1200Pro
Tyr Gly Ser Pro Glu Gly Gln Asp Thr Met Thr His Asn Ser Leu385 390
395 400cgg ctg gca cat gtc tgg ttg gat gaa tac aag gag cag tat ttt
tcc 1248Arg Leu Ala His Val Trp Leu Asp Glu Tyr Lys Glu Gln Tyr Phe
Ser 405 410 415tta aga cct gac ctg aag acg aaa agc tat ggc aat atc
agt gag cgt 1296Leu Arg Pro Asp Leu Lys Thr Lys Ser Tyr Gly Asn Ile
Ser Glu Arg 420 425 430gtg gaa ctg aga aag aag ttg ggc tgt aaa tca
ttt aaa tgg tat ttg 1344Val Glu Leu Arg Lys Lys Leu Gly Cys Lys Ser
Phe Lys Trp Tyr Leu 435 440 445gat aat gta tac cca gag atg cag ata
tct ggg tcc cac gcc aaa ccc 1392Asp Asn Val Tyr Pro Glu Met Gln Ile
Ser Gly Ser His Ala Lys Pro 450 455 460caa caa ccc att ttt gtc aat
aga ggg cca aaa cga ccc aaa gtc ctt 1440Gln Gln Pro Ile Phe Val Asn
Arg Gly Pro Lys Arg Pro Lys Val Leu465 470 475 480caa cgt gga agg
ctc tat cac ctc cag acc aac aaa tgc ctg gtg gcc 1488Gln Arg Gly Arg
Leu Tyr His Leu Gln Thr Asn Lys Cys Leu Val Ala 485 490 495cag ggc
cgc cca agt cag aag gga ggt ctc gtg gtg ctt aag gcc tgt 1536Gln Gly
Arg Pro Ser Gln Lys Gly Gly Leu Val Val Leu Lys Ala Cys 500 505
510gac tac agt gac cca aat cag atc tgg atc tat aat gaa gag cat gaa
1584Asp Tyr Ser Asp Pro Asn Gln Ile Trp Ile Tyr Asn Glu Glu His Glu
515 520 525ttg gtt tta aat agt ctc ctt tgt cta gat atg tca gag act
cgc tca 1632Leu Val Leu Asn Ser Leu Leu Cys Leu Asp Met Ser Glu Thr
Arg Ser 530 535 540tca gac ccg cca cgg ctc atg aaa tgc cac ggg tca
gga gga tcc cag 1680Ser Asp Pro Pro Arg Leu Met Lys Cys His Gly Ser
Gly Gly Ser Gln545 550 555 560cag tgg acc ttt ggg aaa aac aat cgg
cta tac cag gtg tcg gtt gga 1728Gln Trp Thr Phe Gly Lys Asn Asn Arg
Leu Tyr Gln Val Ser Val Gly 565 570 575cag tgc ctg aga gca gtg gat
ccc ctg ggt cag aag ggc tct gtc gcc 1776Gln Cys Leu Arg Ala Val Asp
Pro Leu Gly Gln Lys Gly Ser Val Ala 580 585 590atg gcg atc tgc gat
ggc tcc tct tca cag cag tgg cat ttg gaa ggt 1824Met Ala Ile Cys Asp
Gly Ser Ser Ser Gln Gln Trp His Leu Glu Gly 595 600 605taa
1827*102172DNAHomo sapiensCDS(31)...(2019) 10gcgctgcgct gctggggggc
gcgggcgagg atg gcg gcg gag aac gag gcc agc 54 Met Ala Ala Glu Asn
Glu Ala Ser 1 5cag gag agc gcc ctg ggc gcc tac tcg cca gtg gac tac
atg agc atc 102Gln Glu Ser Ala Leu Gly Ala Tyr Ser Pro Val Asp Tyr
Met Ser Ile 10 15 20acc agc ttc ccg cgg ctg ccc gag gac gag ccg gcg
ccc gcg gcc ccg 150Thr Ser Phe Pro Arg Leu Pro Glu Asp Glu Pro Ala
Pro Ala Ala Pro 25 30 35 40ctg agg ggc cgc aag gac gag gac gcc ttt
ctg gga gac ccc gac acc 198Leu Arg Gly Arg Lys Asp Glu Asp Ala Phe
Leu Gly Asp Pro Asp Thr 45 50 55gac ccg gac tcc ttc ctg aag tct gca
cgg ctg cag cgg ctg cca tcg 246Asp Pro Asp Ser Phe Leu Lys Ser Ala
Arg Leu Gln Arg Leu Pro Ser 60 65 70tcg tcg tcg gag atg ggc agc caa
gac ggg tcg ccg cta cgc gag acg 294Ser Ser Ser Glu Met Gly Ser Gln
Asp Gly Ser Pro Leu Arg Glu Thr 75 80 85cgc aaa gac ccg ttc tcc gcc
gca gcg gcc gag tgc tcc tgc cgc cag 342Arg Lys Asp Pro Phe Ser Ala
Ala Ala Ala Glu Cys Ser Cys Arg Gln 90 95 100gat ggg ctc acg gtc
atc gtc acg gcc tgt ctc acc ttc gct acc ggt 390Asp Gly Leu Thr Val
Ile Val Thr Ala Cys Leu Thr Phe Ala Thr Gly105 110 115 120gtc acc
gtg gcg ctg gtc atg cag atc tac ttc ggg gac ccc cag atc 438Val Thr
Val Ala Leu Val Met Gln Ile Tyr Phe Gly Asp Pro Gln Ile 125 130
135ttc cag cag ggt gcc gtg gtg acc gat gct gcc cgc tgc act tca ctg
486Phe Gln Gln Gly Ala Val Val Thr Asp Ala Ala Arg Cys Thr Ser Leu
140 145 150ggc atc gag gtg ctc agt aaa cag gga tct tct gtg gac gca
gcg gtg 534Gly Ile Glu Val Leu Ser Lys Gln Gly Ser Ser Val Asp Ala
Ala Val 155 160 165gca gca gcc ttg tgt ttg ggt atc gtg gct cca cac
agt tct ggc ctg 582Ala Ala Ala Leu Cys Leu Gly Ile Val Ala Pro His
Ser Ser Gly Leu 170 175 180ggc ggt ggg ggc gtg atg ctg gta cat gac
atc cga cga aat gag agc 630Gly Gly Gly Gly Val Met Leu Val His Asp
Ile Arg Arg Asn Glu Ser185 190 195 200cac cta att gat ttc cgg gag
tcc gca cca ggg gcc ctc agg gaa gag 678His Leu Ile Asp Phe Arg Glu
Ser Ala Pro Gly Ala Leu Arg Glu Glu 205 210 215acc ctg caa aga tcc
tgg gag acc aag cct ggg ctc ttg gtg ggg gtt 726Thr Leu Gln Arg Ser
Trp Glu Thr Lys Pro Gly Leu Leu Val Gly Val 220 225 230ccc gga atg
gtg aag ggg cta cat gaa gct cac cag ctc tat ggc agg 774Pro Gly Met
Val Lys Gly Leu His Glu Ala His Gln Leu Tyr Gly Arg 235 240 245ctg
cca tgg tcc caa gtc ctg gcc ttt gca gca gct gtg gcc caa gat 822Leu
Pro Trp Ser Gln Val Leu Ala Phe Ala Ala Ala Val Ala Gln Asp 250 255
260ggc ttc aac gtg act cat gat cta gcc cgt gcc ctg gct gaa cag ctg
870Gly Phe Asn Val Thr His Asp Leu Ala Arg Ala Leu Ala Glu Gln
Leu265 270 275 280cca ccc aac atg tcc gag cgc ttc cgg gag acg ttc
ctg cca tcg ggc 918Pro Pro Asn Met Ser Glu Arg Phe Arg Glu Thr Phe
Leu Pro Ser Gly 285 290 295cgc ccg cca cta cct ggc tcg ttg ctg cat
cgg ccc gac ctg gct gag 966Arg Pro Pro Leu Pro Gly Ser Leu Leu His
Arg Pro Asp Leu Ala Glu 300 305 310gtg ctg gat gta ctt ggc acc tcc
ggc ccg gct gcc ttc tac gca ggt 1014Val Leu Asp Val Leu Gly Thr Ser
Gly Pro Ala Ala Phe Tyr Ala Gly 315 320 325ggc aac ctc aca ctg gag
atg gtg gcc gag gct cag cac gca ggg ggt 1062Gly Asn Leu Thr Leu Glu
Met Val Ala Glu Ala Gln His Ala Gly Gly 330 335 340gtc ata acc gaa
gag gac ttc agc aat tac agc gcc ctt gtg gag aag 1110Val Ile Thr Glu
Glu Asp Phe Ser Asn Tyr Ser Ala Leu Val Glu Lys345 350 355 360cct
gtg tgt ggc gtg tac aga ggc cac ctg gtt ctt agt ccc cca cct 1158Pro
Val Cys Gly Val Tyr Arg Gly His Leu Val Leu Ser Pro Pro Pro 365 370
375ccg cac acg ggc cct gcc ctc atc agt gct ctc aac atc ctg gag ggc
1206Pro His Thr Gly Pro Ala Leu Ile Ser Ala Leu Asn Ile Leu Glu Gly
380 385 390ttc aat ctc acc agc ctg gta tcc cga gaa cag gct ctt cac
tgg gtg 1254Phe Asn Leu Thr Ser Leu Val Ser Arg Glu Gln Ala Leu His
Trp Val 395 400 405gca gag acc ctg aag att gca tta gcc ctg gcc agc
aga ctg gga gat 1302Ala Glu Thr Leu Lys Ile Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Ser
Arg Leu Gly Asp 410 415 420ccc gtc tat gat tct acc atc act gag agc
atg gat gac atg ctc agc 1350Pro Val Tyr Asp Ser Thr Ile Thr Glu Ser
Met Asp Asp Met Leu Ser425 430 435 440aag gtg gag gcc gcc tac ctc
cgg ggc cat atc aat gac tcc cag gca 1398Lys Val Glu Ala Ala Tyr Leu
Arg Gly His Ile Asn Asp Ser Gln Ala 445 450 455gcc cct gcc cca ctc
ctg cct gtc tat gaa cta gac gga gct ccc acg 1446Ala Pro Ala Pro Leu
Leu Pro Val Tyr Glu Leu Asp Gly Ala Pro Thr 460 465 470gct gcc cag
gtg ctg atc atg gga cct gat gac ttc att gtg gcc atg 1494Ala Ala Gln
Val Leu Ile Met Gly Pro Asp Asp Phe Ile Val Ala Met 475 480 485gtt
agc tcc ctg aac cag ccc ttt ggc agc ggc ctt atc acc ccc tcg 1542Val
Ser Ser Leu Asn Gln Pro Phe Gly Ser Gly Leu Ile Thr Pro Ser 490 495
500ggg atc ctg ctc aac agc cag atg ctg gac ttc tcc tgg ccc aac cgg
1590Gly Ile Leu Leu Asn Ser Gln Met Leu Asp Phe Ser Trp Pro Asn
Arg505 510 515 520aca gct aac cac tct gca ccc agc ctg gag aat tca
gtg cag cca ggg 1638Thr Ala Asn His Ser Ala Pro Ser Leu Glu Asn Ser
Val Gln Pro Gly 525 530 535aag cgg cca ctc tct ttc ctg ctg ccc aca
gtg gtc cga ccc gcg gag 1686Lys Arg Pro Leu Ser Phe Leu Leu Pro Thr
Val Val Arg Pro Ala Glu 540 545 550ggg ctc tgt gga acc tac ctc gct
ctg ggg gcc aat gga gct gcg cgg 1734Gly Leu Cys Gly Thr Tyr Leu Ala
Leu Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala Ala Arg 555 560 565ggc ctc agc ggc ctg aca
cag gtt ctg ctg aat gtc ctg acc ttg aac 1782Gly Leu Ser Gly Leu Thr
Gln Val Leu Leu Asn Val Leu Thr Leu Asn 570 575 580cgg aac ctg agt
gac agc ctg gcc cgc ggc cgc cta cac ccg gac ctg 1830Arg Asn Leu Ser
Asp Ser Leu Ala Arg Gly Arg Leu His Pro Asp Leu585 590 595 600cag
tcc aac ctc ctg cag gtg gac agt gag ttc aca gag gaa gag att 1878Gln
Ser Asn Leu Leu Gln Val Asp Ser Glu Phe Thr Glu Glu Glu Ile 605 610
615gag ttc ctg gaa gcc agg ggt cac cac gtg gag aaa gta gat gtc tta
1926Glu Phe Leu Glu Ala Arg Gly His His Val Glu Lys Val Asp Val Leu
620 625 630tcc tgg gtc cat ggc agc cga agg acc aac aac ttc atc atc
gct gtt 1974Ser Trp Val His Gly Ser Arg Arg Thr Asn Asn Phe Ile Ile
Ala Val 635 640 645aag gac cct cgg agc cca gat gca gct gga gcc acc
atc ctg tag 2019Lys Asp Pro Arg Ser Pro Asp Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr Ile
Leu * 650 655 660agcagcgggg tggggcgggg tctctgctcc cccactttgc
atgttcccag agtccctcct 2079tctcccaggt ttggtctcag ggggacccca
gggatgcccc agatcagggg ccagagggga 2139tgcttagcaa acccaatccc
agagtaactg gaa 217211662PRTHomo sapiens 11Met Ala Ala Glu Asn Glu
Ala Ser Gln Glu Ser Ala Leu Gly Ala Tyr1 5 10 15Ser Pro Val Asp Tyr
Met Ser Ile Thr Ser Phe Pro Arg Leu Pro Glu 20 25 30Asp Glu Pro Ala
Pro Ala Ala Pro Leu Arg Gly Arg Lys Asp Glu Asp 35 40 45Ala Phe Leu
Gly Asp Pro Asp Thr Asp Pro Asp Ser Phe Leu Lys Ser 50 55 60Ala Arg
Leu Gln Arg Leu Pro Ser Ser Ser Ser Glu Met Gly Ser Gln65 70 75
80Asp Gly Ser Pro Leu Arg Glu Thr Arg Lys Asp Pro Phe Ser Ala Ala
85 90 95Ala Ala Glu Cys Ser Cys Arg Gln Asp Gly Leu Thr Val Ile Val
Thr 100 105 110Ala Cys Leu Thr Phe Ala Thr Gly Val Thr Val Ala Leu
Val Met Gln 115 120 125Ile Tyr Phe Gly Asp Pro Gln Ile Phe Gln Gln
Gly Ala Val Val Thr 130 135 140Asp Ala Ala Arg Cys Thr Ser Leu Gly
Ile Glu Val Leu Ser Lys Gln145 150 155 160Gly Ser Ser Val Asp Ala
Ala Val Ala Ala Ala Leu Cys Leu Gly Ile 165 170 175Val Ala Pro His
Ser Ser Gly Leu Gly Gly Gly Gly Val Met Leu Val 180 185 190His Asp
Ile Arg Arg Asn Glu Ser His Leu Ile Asp Phe Arg Glu Ser 195 200
205Ala Pro Gly Ala Leu Arg Glu Glu Thr Leu Gln Arg Ser Trp Glu Thr
210 215 220Lys Pro Gly Leu Leu Val Gly Val Pro Gly Met Val Lys Gly
Leu His225 230 235 240Glu Ala His Gln Leu Tyr Gly Arg Leu Pro Trp
Ser Gln Val Leu Ala 245 250 255Phe Ala Ala Ala Val Ala Gln Asp Gly
Phe Asn Val Thr His Asp Leu 260 265 270Ala Arg Ala Leu Ala Glu Gln
Leu Pro Pro Asn Met Ser Glu Arg Phe 275 280 285Arg Glu Thr Phe Leu
Pro Ser Gly Arg Pro Pro Leu Pro Gly Ser Leu 290 295 300Leu His Arg
Pro Asp Leu Ala Glu Val Leu Asp Val Leu Gly Thr Ser305 310 315
320Gly Pro Ala Ala Phe Tyr Ala Gly Gly Asn Leu Thr Leu Glu Met Val
325 330 335Ala Glu Ala Gln His Ala Gly Gly Val Ile Thr Glu Glu Asp
Phe Ser 340 345 350Asn Tyr Ser Ala Leu Val Glu Lys Pro Val Cys Gly
Val Tyr Arg Gly 355 360 365His Leu Val Leu Ser Pro Pro Pro Pro His
Thr Gly Pro Ala Leu Ile 370 375 380Ser Ala Leu Asn Ile Leu Glu Gly
Phe Asn Leu Thr Ser Leu Val Ser385 390 395 400Arg Glu Gln Ala Leu
His Trp Val Ala Glu Thr Leu Lys Ile Ala Leu 405 410 415Ala Leu Ala
Ser Arg Leu Gly Asp Pro Val Tyr Asp Ser Thr Ile Thr 420 425 430Glu
Ser Met Asp Asp Met Leu Ser Lys Val Glu Ala Ala Tyr Leu Arg 435 440
445Gly His Ile Asn Asp Ser Gln Ala Ala Pro Ala Pro Leu Leu Pro Val
450 455 460Tyr Glu Leu Asp Gly Ala Pro Thr Ala Ala Gln Val Leu Ile
Met Gly465 470 475 480Pro Asp Asp Phe Ile Val Ala Met Val Ser Ser
Leu Asn Gln Pro Phe 485 490 495Gly Ser Gly Leu Ile Thr Pro Ser Gly
Ile Leu Leu Asn Ser Gln Met 500 505 510Leu Asp Phe Ser Trp Pro Asn
Arg Thr Ala Asn His Ser Ala Pro Ser 515 520 525Leu Glu Asn Ser Val
Gln Pro Gly Lys Arg Pro Leu Ser Phe Leu Leu 530 535 540Pro Thr Val
Val Arg Pro Ala Glu Gly Leu Cys Gly Thr Tyr Leu Ala545 550 555
560Leu Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Leu Thr Gln Val
565 570 575Leu Leu Asn Val Leu Thr Leu Asn Arg Asn Leu Ser Asp Ser
Leu Ala 580 585 590Arg Gly Arg Leu His Pro Asp Leu Gln Ser Asn Leu
Leu Gln Val Asp 595 600 605Ser Glu Phe Thr Glu Glu Glu Ile Glu Phe
Leu Glu Ala Arg Gly His 610 615
620His Val Glu Lys Val Asp Val Leu Ser Trp Val His Gly Ser Arg
Arg625 630 635 640Thr Asn Asn Phe Ile Ile Ala Val Lys Asp Pro Arg
Ser Pro Asp Ala 645 650 655Ala Gly Ala Thr Ile Leu 660121989DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(1)...(1989) 12atg gcg gcg gag aac gag gcc agc cag gag
agc gcc ctg ggc gcc tac 48Met Ala Ala Glu Asn Glu Ala Ser Gln Glu
Ser Ala Leu Gly Ala Tyr 1 5 10 15tcg cca gtg gac tac atg agc atc
acc agc ttc ccg cgg ctg ccc gag 96Ser Pro Val Asp Tyr Met Ser Ile
Thr Ser Phe Pro Arg Leu Pro Glu 20 25 30gac gag ccg gcg ccc gcg gcc
ccg ctg agg ggc cgc aag gac gag gac 144Asp Glu Pro Ala Pro Ala Ala
Pro Leu Arg Gly Arg Lys Asp Glu Asp 35 40 45gcc ttt ctg gga gac ccc
gac acc gac ccg gac tcc ttc ctg aag tct 192Ala Phe Leu Gly Asp Pro
Asp Thr Asp Pro Asp Ser Phe Leu Lys Ser 50 55 60gca cgg ctg cag cgg
ctg cca tcg tcg tcg tcg gag atg ggc agc caa 240Ala Arg Leu Gln Arg
Leu Pro Ser Ser Ser Ser Glu Met Gly Ser Gln 65 70 75 80gac ggg tcg
ccg cta cgc gag acg cgc aaa gac ccg ttc tcc gcc gca 288Asp Gly Ser
Pro Leu Arg Glu Thr Arg Lys Asp Pro Phe Ser Ala Ala 85 90 95gcg gcc
gag tgc tcc tgc cgc cag gat ggg ctc acg gtc atc gtc acg 336Ala Ala
Glu Cys Ser Cys Arg Gln Asp Gly Leu Thr Val Ile Val Thr 100 105
110gcc tgt ctc acc ttc gct acc ggt gtc acc gtg gcg ctg gtc atg cag
384Ala Cys Leu Thr Phe Ala Thr Gly Val Thr Val Ala Leu Val Met Gln
115 120 125atc tac ttc ggg gac ccc cag atc ttc cag cag ggt gcc gtg
gtg acc 432Ile Tyr Phe Gly Asp Pro Gln Ile Phe Gln Gln Gly Ala Val
Val Thr 130 135 140gat gct gcc cgc tgc act tca ctg ggc atc gag gtg
ctc agt aaa cag 480Asp Ala Ala Arg Cys Thr Ser Leu Gly Ile Glu Val
Leu Ser Lys Gln145 150 155 160gga tct tct gtg gac gca gcg gtg gca
gca gcc ttg tgt ttg ggt atc 528Gly Ser Ser Val Asp Ala Ala Val Ala
Ala Ala Leu Cys Leu Gly Ile 165 170 175gtg gct cca cac agt tct ggc
ctg ggc ggt ggg ggc gtg atg ctg gta 576Val Ala Pro His Ser Ser Gly
Leu Gly Gly Gly Gly Val Met Leu Val 180 185 190cat gac atc cga cga
aat gag agc cac cta att gat ttc cgg gag tcc 624His Asp Ile Arg Arg
Asn Glu Ser His Leu Ile Asp Phe Arg Glu Ser 195 200 205gca cca ggg
gcc ctc agg gaa gag acc ctg caa aga tcc tgg gag acc 672Ala Pro Gly
Ala Leu Arg Glu Glu Thr Leu Gln Arg Ser Trp Glu Thr 210 215 220aag
cct ggg ctc ttg gtg ggg gtt ccc gga atg gtg aag ggg cta cat 720Lys
Pro Gly Leu Leu Val Gly Val Pro Gly Met Val Lys Gly Leu His225 230
235 240gaa gct cac cag ctc tat ggc agg ctg cca tgg tcc caa gtc ctg
gcc 768Glu Ala His Gln Leu Tyr Gly Arg Leu Pro Trp Ser Gln Val Leu
Ala 245 250 255ttt gca gca gct gtg gcc caa gat ggc ttc aac gtg act
cat gat cta 816Phe Ala Ala Ala Val Ala Gln Asp Gly Phe Asn Val Thr
His Asp Leu 260 265 270gcc cgt gcc ctg gct gaa cag ctg cca ccc aac
atg tcc gag cgc ttc 864Ala Arg Ala Leu Ala Glu Gln Leu Pro Pro Asn
Met Ser Glu Arg Phe 275 280 285cgg gag acg ttc ctg cca tcg ggc cgc
ccg cca cta cct ggc tcg ttg 912Arg Glu Thr Phe Leu Pro Ser Gly Arg
Pro Pro Leu Pro Gly Ser Leu 290 295 300ctg cat cgg ccc gac ctg gct
gag gtg ctg gat gta ctt ggc acc tcc 960Leu His Arg Pro Asp Leu Ala
Glu Val Leu Asp Val Leu Gly Thr Ser305 310 315 320ggc ccg gct gcc
ttc tac gca ggt ggc aac ctc aca ctg gag atg gtg 1008Gly Pro Ala Ala
Phe Tyr Ala Gly Gly Asn Leu Thr Leu Glu Met Val 325 330 335gcc gag
gct cag cac gca ggg ggt gtc ata acc gaa gag gac ttc agc 1056Ala Glu
Ala Gln His Ala Gly Gly Val Ile Thr Glu Glu Asp Phe Ser 340 345
350aat tac agc gcc ctt gtg gag aag cct gtg tgt ggc gtg tac aga ggc
1104Asn Tyr Ser Ala Leu Val Glu Lys Pro Val Cys Gly Val Tyr Arg Gly
355 360 365cac ctg gtt ctt agt ccc cca cct ccg cac acg ggc cct gcc
ctc atc 1152His Leu Val Leu Ser Pro Pro Pro Pro His Thr Gly Pro Ala
Leu Ile 370 375 380agt gct ctc aac atc ctg gag ggc ttc aat ctc acc
agc ctg gta tcc 1200Ser Ala Leu Asn Ile Leu Glu Gly Phe Asn Leu Thr
Ser Leu Val Ser385 390 395 400cga gaa cag gct ctt cac tgg gtg gca
gag acc ctg aag att gca tta 1248Arg Glu Gln Ala Leu His Trp Val Ala
Glu Thr Leu Lys Ile Ala Leu 405 410 415gcc ctg gcc agc aga ctg gga
gat ccc gtc tat gat tct acc atc act 1296Ala Leu Ala Ser Arg Leu Gly
Asp Pro Val Tyr Asp Ser Thr Ile Thr 420 425 430gag agc atg gat gac
atg ctc agc aag gtg gag gcc gcc tac ctc cgg 1344Glu Ser Met Asp Asp
Met Leu Ser Lys Val Glu Ala Ala Tyr Leu Arg 435 440 445ggc cat atc
aat gac tcc cag gca gcc cct gcc cca ctc ctg cct gtc 1392Gly His Ile
Asn Asp Ser Gln Ala Ala Pro Ala Pro Leu Leu Pro Val 450 455 460tat
gaa cta gac gga gct ccc acg gct gcc cag gtg ctg atc atg gga 1440Tyr
Glu Leu Asp Gly Ala Pro Thr Ala Ala Gln Val Leu Ile Met Gly465 470
475 480cct gat gac ttc att gtg gcc atg gtt agc tcc ctg aac cag ccc
ttt 1488Pro Asp Asp Phe Ile Val Ala Met Val Ser Ser Leu Asn Gln Pro
Phe 485 490 495ggc agc ggc ctt atc acc ccc tcg ggg atc ctg ctc aac
agc cag atg 1536Gly Ser Gly Leu Ile Thr Pro Ser Gly Ile Leu Leu Asn
Ser Gln Met 500 505 510ctg gac ttc tcc tgg ccc aac cgg aca gct aac
cac tct gca ccc agc 1584Leu Asp Phe Ser Trp Pro Asn Arg Thr Ala Asn
His Ser Ala Pro Ser 515 520 525ctg gag aat tca gtg cag cca ggg aag
cgg cca ctc tct ttc ctg ctg 1632Leu Glu Asn Ser Val Gln Pro Gly Lys
Arg Pro Leu Ser Phe Leu Leu 530 535 540ccc aca gtg gtc cga ccc gcg
gag ggg ctc tgt gga acc tac ctc gct 1680Pro Thr Val Val Arg Pro Ala
Glu Gly Leu Cys Gly Thr Tyr Leu Ala545 550 555 560ctg ggg gcc aat
gga gct gcg cgg ggc ctc agc ggc ctg aca cag gtt 1728Leu Gly Ala Asn
Gly Ala Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Leu Thr Gln Val 565 570 575ctg ctg
aat gtc ctg acc ttg aac cgg aac ctg agt gac agc ctg gcc 1776Leu Leu
Asn Val Leu Thr Leu Asn Arg Asn Leu Ser Asp Ser Leu Ala 580 585
590cgc ggc cgc cta cac ccg gac ctg cag tcc aac ctc ctg cag gtg gac
1824Arg Gly Arg Leu His Pro Asp Leu Gln Ser Asn Leu Leu Gln Val Asp
595 600 605agt gag ttc aca gag gaa gag att gag ttc ctg gaa gcc agg
ggt cac 1872Ser Glu Phe Thr Glu Glu Glu Ile Glu Phe Leu Glu Ala Arg
Gly His 610 615 620cac gtg gag aaa gta gat gtc tta tcc tgg gtc cat
ggc agc cga agg 1920His Val Glu Lys Val Asp Val Leu Ser Trp Val His
Gly Ser Arg Arg625 630 635 640acc aac aac ttc atc atc gct gtt aag
gac cct cgg agc cca gat gca 1968Thr Asn Asn Phe Ile Ile Ala Val Lys
Asp Pro Arg Ser Pro Asp Ala 645 650 655gct gga gcc acc atc ctg tag
1989Ala Gly Ala Thr Ile Leu * 660131252DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(18)...(1187) 13ccacgcgtcc ggaggcg atg agg gtg ttg gtg
cgg cgc tgt tgg ggt cct 50 Met Arg Val Leu Val Arg Arg Cys Trp Gly
Pro 1 5 10ccg ctg gct cat ggc gcc agg cgt ggg agg ccg agt ccc cag
tgg cga 98Pro Leu Ala His Gly Ala Arg Arg Gly Arg Pro Ser Pro Gln
Trp Arg 15 20 25gca ctg gcc cga ctc ggc tgg gag gac tgc cgg gac tcc
aga gtc cgc 146Ala Leu Ala Arg Leu Gly Trp Glu Asp Cys Arg Asp Ser
Arg Val Arg 30 35 40gag aag cct ccc tgg cgg gtg ctc ttc ttc ggc acg
gac cag ttc gcc 194Glu Lys Pro Pro Trp Arg Val Leu Phe Phe Gly Thr
Asp Gln Phe Ala 45 50 55cgc gag gcg ctg cgg gcg ctg cac gcc gcc agg
gaa aac aaa gaa gaa 242Arg Glu Ala Leu Arg Ala Leu His Ala Ala Arg
Glu Asn Lys Glu Glu 60 65 70 75gag tta atc gac aaa ctg gag gtg gtc
aca atg cct tcc cca tca cca 290Glu Leu Ile Asp Lys Leu Glu Val Val
Thr Met Pro Ser Pro Ser Pro 80 85 90aaa gga ctg cca gtg aag caa tat
gct gtg cag tct cag ctt ccc gta 338Lys Gly Leu Pro Val Lys Gln Tyr
Ala Val Gln Ser Gln Leu Pro Val 95 100 105tat gag tgg ccg gat gtg
gga tct gga gaa tat gat gtt gga gta gtg 386Tyr Glu Trp Pro Asp Val
Gly Ser Gly Glu Tyr Asp Val Gly Val Val 110 115 120gct tcg ttt ggc
cga ctt ttg aat gag gct ctt att ctt aaa ttt ccc 434Ala Ser Phe Gly
Arg Leu Leu Asn Glu Ala Leu Ile Leu Lys Phe Pro 125 130 135tat ggc
ata ttg aat gtt cat ccc agt tgc ctc ccg aga tgg cgt ggc 482Tyr Gly
Ile Leu Asn Val His Pro Ser Cys Leu Pro Arg Trp Arg Gly140 145 150
155cca gcc cct gta atc cat aca gtg ctt cac gga gac aca gtt act gga
530Pro Ala Pro Val Ile His Thr Val Leu His Gly Asp Thr Val Thr Gly
160 165 170gta aca att atg caa att aga cct aaa agg ttt gat gta ggc
cca att 578Val Thr Ile Met Gln Ile Arg Pro Lys Arg Phe Asp Val Gly
Pro Ile 175 180 185ctc aaa caa gaa act gtt cct gtg cca ccc aag agc
act gca aag gaa 626Leu Lys Gln Glu Thr Val Pro Val Pro Pro Lys Ser
Thr Ala Lys Glu 190 195 200ttg gaa gca gtg ttg tca aga ctg ggt gcc
aac atg ctc att tca gtt 674Leu Glu Ala Val Leu Ser Arg Leu Gly Ala
Asn Met Leu Ile Ser Val 205 210 215ttg aaa aat ttg cct gaa agt ctg
agc aat gga agg cag cag cca atg 722Leu Lys Asn Leu Pro Glu Ser Leu
Ser Asn Gly Arg Gln Gln Pro Met220 225 230 235gag ggg gcg act tac
gcc cct aag att tct gct ggt acc agt tgt ata 770Glu Gly Ala Thr Tyr
Ala Pro Lys Ile Ser Ala Gly Thr Ser Cys Ile 240 245 250aaa tgg gag
gaa caa act tca gaa caa ata ttc aga ctt tac cgt gcc 818Lys Trp Glu
Glu Gln Thr Ser Glu Gln Ile Phe Arg Leu Tyr Arg Ala 255 260 265att
gga aat ata att ccg ttg cag acg ctc tgg atg gcg aat acc att 866Ile
Gly Asn Ile Ile Pro Leu Gln Thr Leu Trp Met Ala Asn Thr Ile 270 275
280aaa ctt ctg gat ttg gta gaa gtt aac agt tca gtc ctt gct gat cca
914Lys Leu Leu Asp Leu Val Glu Val Asn Ser Ser Val Leu Ala Asp Pro
285 290 295aaa tta acg gga cag gct ctt att cca gga tca gta ata tac
cac aaa 962Lys Leu Thr Gly Gln Ala Leu Ile Pro Gly Ser Val Ile Tyr
His Lys300 305 310 315cag tca caa ata cta ttg gtt tat tgc aag gat
ggt tgg att ggt gtt 1010Gln Ser Gln Ile Leu Leu Val Tyr Cys Lys Asp
Gly Trp Ile Gly Val 320 325 330cga tca gtg atg ctc aag aaa tca cta
aca gct act gac ttc tac aat 1058Arg Ser Val Met Leu Lys Lys Ser Leu
Thr Ala Thr Asp Phe Tyr Asn 335 340 345gga tat ttg cac ccc tgg tac
cag aaa aat tcc caa gct caa cca agc 1106Gly Tyr Leu His Pro Trp Tyr
Gln Lys Asn Ser Gln Ala Gln Pro Ser 350 355 360caa tgc aga ttt cag
act ctc aga ctt cca aca aag aag aag cag aaa 1154Gln Cys Arg Phe Gln
Thr Leu Arg Leu Pro Thr Lys Lys Lys Gln Lys 365 370 375aaa act gtt
gct atg caa caa tgc att gag tag ttaggaagaa gatggataaa 1207Lys Thr
Val Ala Met Gln Gln Cys Ile Glu *380 385aacctattac atatttgtaa
tttattaaaa accttattta caagg 125214389PRTHomo sapiens 14Met Arg Val
Leu Val Arg Arg Cys Trp Gly Pro Pro Leu Ala His Gly1 5 10 15Ala Arg
Arg Gly Arg Pro Ser Pro Gln Trp Arg Ala Leu Ala Arg Leu 20 25 30Gly
Trp Glu Asp Cys Arg Asp Ser Arg Val Arg Glu Lys Pro Pro Trp 35 40
45Arg Val Leu Phe Phe Gly Thr Asp Gln Phe Ala Arg Glu Ala Leu Arg
50 55 60Ala Leu His Ala Ala Arg Glu Asn Lys Glu Glu Glu Leu Ile Asp
Lys65 70 75 80Leu Glu Val Val Thr Met Pro Ser Pro Ser Pro Lys Gly
Leu Pro Val 85 90 95Lys Gln Tyr Ala Val Gln Ser Gln Leu Pro Val Tyr
Glu Trp Pro Asp 100 105 110Val Gly Ser Gly Glu Tyr Asp Val Gly Val
Val Ala Ser Phe Gly Arg 115 120 125Leu Leu Asn Glu Ala Leu Ile Leu
Lys Phe Pro Tyr Gly Ile Leu Asn 130 135 140Val His Pro Ser Cys Leu
Pro Arg Trp Arg Gly Pro Ala Pro Val Ile145 150 155 160His Thr Val
Leu His Gly Asp Thr Val Thr Gly Val Thr Ile Met Gln 165 170 175Ile
Arg Pro Lys Arg Phe Asp Val Gly Pro Ile Leu Lys Gln Glu Thr 180 185
190Val Pro Val Pro Pro Lys Ser Thr Ala Lys Glu Leu Glu Ala Val Leu
195 200 205Ser Arg Leu Gly Ala Asn Met Leu Ile Ser Val Leu Lys Asn
Leu Pro 210 215 220Glu Ser Leu Ser Asn Gly Arg Gln Gln Pro Met Glu
Gly Ala Thr Tyr225 230 235 240Ala Pro Lys Ile Ser Ala Gly Thr Ser
Cys Ile Lys Trp Glu Glu Gln 245 250 255Thr Ser Glu Gln Ile Phe Arg
Leu Tyr Arg Ala Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile 260 265 270Pro Leu Gln Thr Leu
Trp Met Ala Asn Thr Ile Lys Leu Leu Asp Leu 275 280 285Val Glu Val
Asn Ser Ser Val Leu Ala Asp Pro Lys Leu Thr Gly Gln 290 295 300Ala
Leu Ile Pro Gly Ser Val Ile Tyr His Lys Gln Ser Gln Ile Leu305 310
315 320Leu Val Tyr Cys Lys Asp Gly Trp Ile Gly Val Arg Ser Val Met
Leu 325 330 335Lys Lys Ser Leu Thr Ala Thr Asp Phe Tyr Asn Gly Tyr
Leu His Pro 340 345 350Trp Tyr Gln Lys Asn Ser Gln Ala Gln Pro Ser
Gln Cys Arg Phe Gln 355 360 365Thr Leu Arg Leu Pro Thr Lys Lys Lys
Gln Lys Lys Thr Val Ala Met 370 375 380Gln Gln Cys Ile
Glu385151170DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(1170) 15atg agg gtg ttg gtg
cgg cgc tgt tgg ggt cct ccg ctg gct cat ggc 48Met Arg Val Leu Val
Arg Arg Cys Trp Gly Pro Pro Leu Ala His Gly 1 5 10 15gcc agg cgt
ggg agg ccg agt ccc cag tgg cga gca ctg gcc cga ctc 96Ala Arg Arg
Gly Arg Pro Ser Pro Gln Trp Arg Ala Leu Ala Arg Leu 20 25 30ggc tgg
gag gac tgc cgg gac tcc aga gtc cgc gag aag cct ccc tgg 144Gly Trp
Glu Asp Cys Arg Asp Ser Arg Val Arg Glu Lys Pro Pro Trp 35 40 45cgg
gtg ctc ttc ttc ggc acg gac cag ttc gcc cgc gag gcg ctg cgg 192Arg
Val Leu Phe Phe Gly Thr Asp Gln Phe Ala Arg Glu Ala Leu Arg 50 55
60gcg ctg cac gcc gcc agg gaa aac aaa gaa gaa gag tta atc gac aaa
240Ala Leu His Ala Ala Arg Glu Asn Lys Glu Glu Glu Leu Ile Asp Lys
65 70 75 80ctg gag gtg gtc aca atg cct tcc cca tca cca aaa gga ctg
cca gtg 288Leu Glu Val Val Thr Met Pro Ser Pro Ser Pro Lys Gly Leu
Pro Val 85 90 95aag caa tat gct gtg cag tct cag ctt ccc gta tat gag
tgg ccg gat 336Lys Gln Tyr Ala Val Gln Ser Gln Leu Pro Val Tyr Glu
Trp Pro Asp 100 105 110gtg gga tct gga gaa tat gat gtt gga gta gtg
gct tcg ttt ggc cga 384Val Gly Ser Gly Glu Tyr Asp Val Gly Val Val
Ala Ser Phe Gly Arg 115 120 125ctt ttg aat gag gct ctt att ctt aaa
ttt ccc tat ggc ata ttg aat 432Leu Leu Asn Glu Ala Leu Ile Leu Lys
Phe Pro Tyr Gly Ile Leu Asn 130 135 140gtt cat ccc agt tgc ctc ccg
aga tgg cgt ggc cca gcc cct gta atc 480Val His Pro Ser Cys Leu Pro
Arg Trp Arg Gly Pro Ala Pro Val Ile145 150 155 160cat aca gtg ctt
cac gga gac aca gtt act gga gta aca att atg caa 528His Thr Val Leu
His Gly Asp Thr Val Thr Gly Val Thr Ile Met Gln 165 170 175att aga
cct aaa agg ttt gat gta ggc cca att ctc aaa caa gaa act 576Ile Arg
Pro Lys Arg Phe Asp Val Gly Pro Ile Leu Lys Gln Glu Thr 180 185
190gtt cct gtg cca ccc aag agc act gca aag gaa ttg
gaa gca gtg ttg 624Val Pro Val Pro Pro Lys Ser Thr Ala Lys Glu Leu
Glu Ala Val Leu 195 200 205tca aga ctg ggt gcc aac atg ctc att tca
gtt ttg aaa aat ttg cct 672Ser Arg Leu Gly Ala Asn Met Leu Ile Ser
Val Leu Lys Asn Leu Pro 210 215 220gaa agt ctg agc aat gga agg cag
cag cca atg gag ggg gcg act tac 720Glu Ser Leu Ser Asn Gly Arg Gln
Gln Pro Met Glu Gly Ala Thr Tyr225 230 235 240gcc cct aag att tct
gct ggt acc agt tgt ata aaa tgg gag gaa caa 768Ala Pro Lys Ile Ser
Ala Gly Thr Ser Cys Ile Lys Trp Glu Glu Gln 245 250 255act tca gaa
caa ata ttc aga ctt tac cgt gcc att gga aat ata att 816Thr Ser Glu
Gln Ile Phe Arg Leu Tyr Arg Ala Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile 260 265 270ccg
ttg cag acg ctc tgg atg gcg aat acc att aaa ctt ctg gat ttg 864Pro
Leu Gln Thr Leu Trp Met Ala Asn Thr Ile Lys Leu Leu Asp Leu 275 280
285gta gaa gtt aac agt tca gtc ctt gct gat cca aaa tta acg gga cag
912Val Glu Val Asn Ser Ser Val Leu Ala Asp Pro Lys Leu Thr Gly Gln
290 295 300gct ctt att cca gga tca gta ata tac cac aaa cag tca caa
ata cta 960Ala Leu Ile Pro Gly Ser Val Ile Tyr His Lys Gln Ser Gln
Ile Leu305 310 315 320ttg gtt tat tgc aag gat ggt tgg att ggt gtt
cga tca gtg atg ctc 1008Leu Val Tyr Cys Lys Asp Gly Trp Ile Gly Val
Arg Ser Val Met Leu 325 330 335aag aaa tca cta aca gct act gac ttc
tac aat gga tat ttg cac ccc 1056Lys Lys Ser Leu Thr Ala Thr Asp Phe
Tyr Asn Gly Tyr Leu His Pro 340 345 350tgg tac cag aaa aat tcc caa
gct caa cca agc caa tgc aga ttt cag 1104Trp Tyr Gln Lys Asn Ser Gln
Ala Gln Pro Ser Gln Cys Arg Phe Gln 355 360 365act ctc aga ctt cca
aca aag aag aag cag aaa aaa act gtt gct atg 1152Thr Leu Arg Leu Pro
Thr Lys Lys Lys Gln Lys Lys Thr Val Ala Met 370 375 380caa caa tgc
att gag tag 1170Gln Gln Cys Ile Glu *385161797DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(215)...(1189) 16cgtccgcttt cacacgggtt gcttcggagg
aatccgccgt gcaaatctgt ccgccccctt 60ggccactgat cccccgaaga gcttctgtcg
ccgctctagg aatacagaca ttgaagtttg 120ggacaagata tttatctaac
ttctgtgtca aaattagcga cctgctatgg caatgaagaa 180agaaactgaa
tttgtcattt tcacctgaag aaaa atg ata gac aaa aat caa acc 235 Met Ile
Asp Lys Asn Gln Thr 1 5tgt ggt gta gga cag gat tct gtg ccc tat atg
att tgt ctg att cac 283Cys Gly Val Gly Gln Asp Ser Val Pro Tyr Met
Ile Cys Leu Ile His 10 15 20ata ctc gaa gaa tgg ttt ggt gtg gag cag
ttg gag gac tat ttg aat 331Ile Leu Glu Glu Trp Phe Gly Val Glu Gln
Leu Glu Asp Tyr Leu Asn 25 30 35ttt gca aac tat ctc ttg tgg gtt ttt
aca cca cta ata ctt tta ata 379Phe Ala Asn Tyr Leu Leu Trp Val Phe
Thr Pro Leu Ile Leu Leu Ile 40 45 50 55ctt cct tac ttt act atc ttt
ctt ctc tac ctt act att att ttc tta 427Leu Pro Tyr Phe Thr Ile Phe
Leu Leu Tyr Leu Thr Ile Ile Phe Leu 60 65 70cac att tat aag aga aag
aat gta ttg aaa gaa gcc tac tct cat aat 475His Ile Tyr Lys Arg Lys
Asn Val Leu Lys Glu Ala Tyr Ser His Asn 75 80 85tta tgg gat ggt gca
agg aaa aca gtg gca act ctg tgg gat gga cat 523Leu Trp Asp Gly Ala
Arg Lys Thr Val Ala Thr Leu Trp Asp Gly His 90 95 100gca gcc gtt
tgg cat ggt tat gaa gtt cat gga atg gaa aaa ata cca 571Ala Ala Val
Trp His Gly Tyr Glu Val His Gly Met Glu Lys Ile Pro 105 110 115gaa
gat gga cca gca ctt ata att ttt tat cat gga gct att cct ata 619Glu
Asp Gly Pro Ala Leu Ile Ile Phe Tyr His Gly Ala Ile Pro Ile120 125
130 135gat ttt tac tat ttc atg gct aaa ata ttt ata cac aaa ggc aga
act 667Asp Phe Tyr Tyr Phe Met Ala Lys Ile Phe Ile His Lys Gly Arg
Thr 140 145 150tgc cga gta gta gct gat cac ttt gtc ttt aaa att cca
ggg ttt agt 715Cys Arg Val Val Ala Asp His Phe Val Phe Lys Ile Pro
Gly Phe Ser 155 160 165tta tta ctg gat gtg ttt tgt gct cta cat gga
cca aga gaa aaa tgt 763Leu Leu Leu Asp Val Phe Cys Ala Leu His Gly
Pro Arg Glu Lys Cys 170 175 180gtt gaa att ctg agg agt ggc cac ttg
tta gct atc tca cca ggt gga 811Val Glu Ile Leu Arg Ser Gly His Leu
Leu Ala Ile Ser Pro Gly Gly 185 190 195gtt cga gaa gcc cta att agt
gat gaa act tat aac atc gta tgg ggt 859Val Arg Glu Ala Leu Ile Ser
Asp Glu Thr Tyr Asn Ile Val Trp Gly200 205 210 215cat cgc aga ggc
ttt gct cag gtt gca att gat gca aaa gtg ccc att 907His Arg Arg Gly
Phe Ala Gln Val Ala Ile Asp Ala Lys Val Pro Ile 220 225 230att cct
atg ttt aca caa aat att cga gaa gga ttt aga tca ctt gga 955Ile Pro
Met Phe Thr Gln Asn Ile Arg Glu Gly Phe Arg Ser Leu Gly 235 240
245gga aca agg tta ttt agg tgg ctt tat gaa aaa ttc cgc tat cca ttt
1003Gly Thr Arg Leu Phe Arg Trp Leu Tyr Glu Lys Phe Arg Tyr Pro Phe
250 255 260gct cca atg tat gga ggt ttt cca gtg aag tta cgg acc tat
tta ggc 1051Ala Pro Met Tyr Gly Gly Phe Pro Val Lys Leu Arg Thr Tyr
Leu Gly 265 270 275gac ccc att ccg tat gac cca cag ata aca gcg gaa
gaa tta gct gaa 1099Asp Pro Ile Pro Tyr Asp Pro Gln Ile Thr Ala Glu
Glu Leu Ala Glu280 285 290 295aag acg aag aat gct gtt caa gct ttg
att gat aag cac caa aga ata 1147Lys Thr Lys Asn Ala Val Gln Ala Leu
Ile Asp Lys His Gln Arg Ile 300 305 310cca gga aac att atg agt gct
ttg tta gaa cgt ttt cat tga 1189Pro Gly Asn Ile Met Ser Ala Leu Leu
Glu Arg Phe His * 315 320taacaaaggg tcaactagaa gatgatttag
tacatttata ttaaatgttt gtatctaagg 1249tactgtcttc tgaattttgt
aggtcctata attagtattt tttaaaaaaa tcatgttaat 1309aagcatcttt
cacagaattc gtttctttaa aatagtcaat tttgtttttg caattgtgtc
1369aaatactaac aaattacaca cctagtaatt cagaaaaaga tgtcttattt
gtaaattcct 1429aacaatttat gctaaacata tagattctta agtttattaa
taacagcagt ttaggttaaa 1489caaacattcc tggataatgc gttaaatttc
tgtatctgtc gccctgagct gattttgaaa 1549gatggtataa gctaggggtt
agtatagttg tttaagttag aaaaaacatg ctgttgtctg 1609cccctcattc
ccttcatgac cttgggcaag tcacgtaatg tttttgtgcc tcaacaattc
1669actttttaaa aacatgatcg tatgatgaat gatattattt tgttatttat
atttactgtg 1729attgataact gttgaaccaa aataataaaa taattaattt
aaacaatgtc aaaaaaaaaa 1789aaaaaaaa 179717324PRTHomo sapiens 17Met
Ile Asp Lys Asn Gln Thr Cys Gly Val Gly Gln Asp Ser Val Pro1 5 10
15Tyr Met Ile Cys Leu Ile His Ile Leu Glu Glu Trp Phe Gly Val Glu
20 25 30Gln Leu Glu Asp Tyr Leu Asn Phe Ala Asn Tyr Leu Leu Trp Val
Phe 35 40 45Thr Pro Leu Ile Leu Leu Ile Leu Pro Tyr Phe Thr Ile Phe
Leu Leu 50 55 60Tyr Leu Thr Ile Ile Phe Leu His Ile Tyr Lys Arg Lys
Asn Val Leu65 70 75 80Lys Glu Ala Tyr Ser His Asn Leu Trp Asp Gly
Ala Arg Lys Thr Val 85 90 95Ala Thr Leu Trp Asp Gly His Ala Ala Val
Trp His Gly Tyr Glu Val 100 105 110His Gly Met Glu Lys Ile Pro Glu
Asp Gly Pro Ala Leu Ile Ile Phe 115 120 125Tyr His Gly Ala Ile Pro
Ile Asp Phe Tyr Tyr Phe Met Ala Lys Ile 130 135 140Phe Ile His Lys
Gly Arg Thr Cys Arg Val Val Ala Asp His Phe Val145 150 155 160Phe
Lys Ile Pro Gly Phe Ser Leu Leu Leu Asp Val Phe Cys Ala Leu 165 170
175His Gly Pro Arg Glu Lys Cys Val Glu Ile Leu Arg Ser Gly His Leu
180 185 190Leu Ala Ile Ser Pro Gly Gly Val Arg Glu Ala Leu Ile Ser
Asp Glu 195 200 205Thr Tyr Asn Ile Val Trp Gly His Arg Arg Gly Phe
Ala Gln Val Ala 210 215 220Ile Asp Ala Lys Val Pro Ile Ile Pro Met
Phe Thr Gln Asn Ile Arg225 230 235 240Glu Gly Phe Arg Ser Leu Gly
Gly Thr Arg Leu Phe Arg Trp Leu Tyr 245 250 255Glu Lys Phe Arg Tyr
Pro Phe Ala Pro Met Tyr Gly Gly Phe Pro Val 260 265 270Lys Leu Arg
Thr Tyr Leu Gly Asp Pro Ile Pro Tyr Asp Pro Gln Ile 275 280 285Thr
Ala Glu Glu Leu Ala Glu Lys Thr Lys Asn Ala Val Gln Ala Leu 290 295
300Ile Asp Lys His Gln Arg Ile Pro Gly Asn Ile Met Ser Ala Leu
Leu305 310 315 320Glu Arg Phe His18975DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(975)
18atg ata gac aaa aat caa acc tgt ggt gta gga cag gat tct gtg ccc
48Met Ile Asp Lys Asn Gln Thr Cys Gly Val Gly Gln Asp Ser Val Pro 1
5 10 15tat atg att tgt ctg att cac ata ctc gaa gaa tgg ttt ggt gtg
gag 96Tyr Met Ile Cys Leu Ile His Ile Leu Glu Glu Trp Phe Gly Val
Glu 20 25 30cag ttg gag gac tat ttg aat ttt gca aac tat ctc ttg tgg
gtt ttt 144Gln Leu Glu Asp Tyr Leu Asn Phe Ala Asn Tyr Leu Leu Trp
Val Phe 35 40 45aca cca cta ata ctt tta ata ctt cct tac ttt act atc
ttt ctt ctc 192Thr Pro Leu Ile Leu Leu Ile Leu Pro Tyr Phe Thr Ile
Phe Leu Leu 50 55 60tac ctt act att att ttc tta cac att tat aag aga
aag aat gta ttg 240Tyr Leu Thr Ile Ile Phe Leu His Ile Tyr Lys Arg
Lys Asn Val Leu 65 70 75 80aaa gaa gcc tac tct cat aat tta tgg gat
ggt gca agg aaa aca gtg 288Lys Glu Ala Tyr Ser His Asn Leu Trp Asp
Gly Ala Arg Lys Thr Val 85 90 95gca act ctg tgg gat gga cat gca gcc
gtt tgg cat ggt tat gaa gtt 336Ala Thr Leu Trp Asp Gly His Ala Ala
Val Trp His Gly Tyr Glu Val 100 105 110cat gga atg gaa aaa ata cca
gaa gat gga cca gca ctt ata att ttt 384His Gly Met Glu Lys Ile Pro
Glu Asp Gly Pro Ala Leu Ile Ile Phe 115 120 125tat cat gga gct att
cct ata gat ttt tac tat ttc atg gct aaa ata 432Tyr His Gly Ala Ile
Pro Ile Asp Phe Tyr Tyr Phe Met Ala Lys Ile 130 135 140ttt ata cac
aaa ggc aga act tgc cga gta gta gct gat cac ttt gtc 480Phe Ile His
Lys Gly Arg Thr Cys Arg Val Val Ala Asp His Phe Val145 150 155
160ttt aaa att cca ggg ttt agt tta tta ctg gat gtg ttt tgt gct cta
528Phe Lys Ile Pro Gly Phe Ser Leu Leu Leu Asp Val Phe Cys Ala Leu
165 170 175cat gga cca aga gaa aaa tgt gtt gaa att ctg agg agt ggc
cac ttg 576His Gly Pro Arg Glu Lys Cys Val Glu Ile Leu Arg Ser Gly
His Leu 180 185 190tta gct atc tca cca ggt gga gtt cga gaa gcc cta
att agt gat gaa 624Leu Ala Ile Ser Pro Gly Gly Val Arg Glu Ala Leu
Ile Ser Asp Glu 195 200 205act tat aac atc gta tgg ggt cat cgc aga
ggc ttt gct cag gtt gca 672Thr Tyr Asn Ile Val Trp Gly His Arg Arg
Gly Phe Ala Gln Val Ala 210 215 220att gat gca aaa gtg ccc att att
cct atg ttt aca caa aat att cga 720Ile Asp Ala Lys Val Pro Ile Ile
Pro Met Phe Thr Gln Asn Ile Arg225 230 235 240gaa gga ttt aga tca
ctt gga gga aca agg tta ttt agg tgg ctt tat 768Glu Gly Phe Arg Ser
Leu Gly Gly Thr Arg Leu Phe Arg Trp Leu Tyr 245 250 255gaa aaa ttc
cgc tat cca ttt gct cca atg tat gga ggt ttt cca gtg 816Glu Lys Phe
Arg Tyr Pro Phe Ala Pro Met Tyr Gly Gly Phe Pro Val 260 265 270aag
tta cgg acc tat tta ggc gac ccc att ccg tat gac cca cag ata 864Lys
Leu Arg Thr Tyr Leu Gly Asp Pro Ile Pro Tyr Asp Pro Gln Ile 275 280
285aca gcg gaa gaa tta gct gaa aag acg aag aat gct gtt caa gct ttg
912Thr Ala Glu Glu Leu Ala Glu Lys Thr Lys Asn Ala Val Gln Ala Leu
290 295 300att gat aag cac caa aga ata cca gga aac att atg agt gct
ttg tta 960Ile Asp Lys His Gln Arg Ile Pro Gly Asn Ile Met Ser Ala
Leu Leu305 310 315 320gaa cgt ttt cat tga 975Glu Arg Phe His
*19114PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 19Ser Ser
Ile Gly Thr Pro Val Arg Ile Arg Glu Phe Asn Asn Ser Asn1 5 10 15Gly
Val Ser Val Ile Leu Trp Pro Cys Ser Gly Thr Thr Gly Ser Val 20 25
30Val Trp Asp Ala Gly Val Val Leu Ser Lys Tyr Leu Leu Ser Ser Thr
35 40 45Gln Pro His Ala Leu Ser His Ser Leu Asn Gly Lys Lys Lys Val
Leu 50 55 60Glu Leu Gly Ser Gly Thr Gly Leu Val Gly Ile Ala Ala Ala
Leu Cys65 70 75 80Leu Gly Gly Ala Asn Val Val Leu Thr Asp Leu Pro
Asp Val Leu Pro 85 90 95Leu Leu Lys Lys Asn Val Glu Ala Asn Lys His
Leu Val Gly Asn Asn 100 105 110Ile Lys20102PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 20Ile Val Tyr Trp Asn Asn Arg
Asp Gln Ile Ser Ala Leu Lys Pro Pro1 5 10 15Phe Asp Leu Val Ile Ala
Ala Asp Val Val Tyr Ile Glu Glu Ser Val 20 25 30Gly Gln Leu Val Thr
Ala Met Glu Leu Leu Val Ala Asp Asp Gly Ala 35 40 45Val Leu Leu Gly
Tyr Gln Ile Arg Ser Pro Glu Ala Asp Lys Leu Phe 50 55 60Trp Glu Leu
Cys Asp Ile Val Phe Lys Ile Glu Lys Val Pro His Glu65 70 75 80His
Leu His Ser Asp Tyr Ala Tyr Glu Glu Thr Asp Val Tyr Ile Phe 85 90
95Arg Lys Lys Val Lys Lys 10021211PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 21Ser Ile Val Arg Tyr Phe Glu Leu Arg Asn Leu
Ser Thr Ser Ile Pro1 5 10 15Leu His Glu Pro Ser Leu Thr Ala Asp Asn
Leu Gly Trp Lys Thr Trp 20 25 30Gly Ser Ser Leu Ile Leu Ser Gln Leu
Val Val Asp His Leu Asp Tyr 35 40 45Leu His Thr Thr Asn Val Asn Met
Leu Ala Asn Ser Asp Ile Lys Gln 50 55 60Ile Lys Val Leu Glu Leu Gly
Ala Gly Thr Gly Leu Val Gly Leu Ser65 70 75 80Trp Ala Leu Lys Trp
Lys Glu Leu Tyr Gly Thr Glu Asn Ile Glu Ile 85 90 95Phe Val Thr Asp
Leu Pro Glu Ile Val Thr Asn Leu Lys Lys Asn Val 100 105 110Ser Leu
Asn Asn Leu Gly Asp Phe Val Gln Ala Glu Ile Leu Asp Trp 115 120
125Thr Asn Pro His Asp Phe Ile Asp Lys Phe Gly His Glu Asn Glu Phe
130 135 140Asp Val Ile Leu Ile Ala Asp Pro Ile Tyr Ser Pro Gln His
Pro Glu145 150 155 160Trp Val Val Asn Met Ile Ser Lys Phe Leu Ala
Ala Ser Gly Thr Cys 165 170 175His Leu Glu Ile Pro Leu Arg Ala Lys
Tyr Ala Lys Glu Arg Glu Val 180 185 190Leu Lys Leu Leu Leu Lys Glu
Ser Asp Leu Lys Val Val Glu Glu Arg 195 200 205His Ser Glu
21022191PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 22Asp
Arg Glu Glu Ile Arg Lys Lys Leu Gly Ile Lys Glu Asp Lys Lys1 5 10
15Ile Ile Leu Phe Val Gly Arg Leu Val Pro Glu Lys Gly Ile Asp Leu
20 25 30Leu Ile Glu Ala Phe Lys Lys Leu Lys Lys Lys Pro Lys Leu Leu
Lys 35 40 45Leu Asn Pro Asn Leu Lys Leu Val Ile Val Gly Gly Pro Tyr
Asp Ser 50 55 60Glu Asp Gly Glu Glu Glu Asp Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Ala
Glu Lys Leu65 70 75 80Gly Leu Glu Asp Asn Val Ile Phe Leu Gly Phe
Val Pro Asp Glu Asp 85 90 95Leu Pro Glu Leu Tyr Lys Ser Ala Asp Val
Phe Val Leu Pro Ser Arg 100 105 110Tyr Glu Gly Phe Gly Ile Val Leu
Leu Glu Ala Met Ala Cys Gly Leu 115 120 125Pro Val Ile Ala Thr Asn
Cys Val Gly Gly Ile Pro Glu Val Val Lys 130 135 140Asp Gly Glu Thr
Gly Leu Leu Val Glu Pro Gly Gln Asp Pro Glu Ala145 150 155 160Leu
Ala Glu Ala Ile Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Asp Glu Glu Lys Lys Asp
165 170 175Leu Leu Glu Leu Arg Lys Arg Leu Gly Glu Asn Ala Arg Lys
Arg 180 185 1902349PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus
sequence 23Val His Phe Ser Glu Ala Met Glu Lys Phe Ile His Glu Pro
Ser Leu1 5 10 15Lys Ala Thr Met Gly Leu Ala Gly Arg Ala Arg Val Lys
Glu Lys Phe 20 25 30Ser Pro Asp Ala Phe Thr Asp Gln Leu Tyr Arg Tyr
Val Thr Lys Leu 35 40 45Leu2481PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 24Val Ala Phe Ile His Pro Asp Leu Gly Ile Gly
Gly Ala Glu Arg Leu1 5 10 15Val Val Asp Ala Ala Val Gly Leu Gln Glu
Arg Gly His Gln Val Lys 20 25 30Ile Phe Thr Ser His His Asp Lys Ser
His Cys Phe Glu Glu Thr Arg 35 40 45Asp Gly Thr Leu Lys Val Gln Val
Tyr Gly Asp Trp Leu Pro Arg Ser 50 55 60Ile Phe Trp Gly Gly Arg Phe
His Ala Ile Cys Ala Tyr Leu Arg Met65 70 75 80Ile25144PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 25Asn Tyr Glu Glu Lys Leu Lys
Lys Leu Val Lys Glu Leu Gly Leu Glu1 5 10 15Asn Arg Val His Phe Leu
Gly Gly Met Gly Asp Glu Glu Asp Val Ser 20 25 30Glu Tyr Leu Lys Ser
Ser Asp Ile Ile Ile Tyr Pro Ser Pro Ser Arg 35 40 45Ser Glu Gly Phe
Pro Met Val Leu Leu Glu Ala Met Ala Cys Gly Leu 50 55 60Pro Val Ile
Ala Thr Thr Thr Asp Gly Gly Gly Cys Glu Glu Ile Ile65 70 75 80Glu
Asp Gly Glu Asn Gly Leu Leu Val Glu Pro Asn Asn Ser Asp Val 85 90
95Glu Glu Leu Ala Glu Ala Leu Glu Lys Leu Leu Glu Asn Glu Glu Leu
100 105 110Arg Arg Lys Met Met Gly Lys Asn Ala Arg Arg Leu Val Glu
Glu Met 115 120 125Phe Thr Ala Glu His Met Ala Lys Ala Tyr Glu Arg
Phe Met Glu Lys 130 135 1402646PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 26Phe Val Ala Leu Cys Val Leu Leu Gly Trp Ser
Ser Phe Asp Val Val1 5 10 15Leu Ala Asp Gln Val Ser Val Val Val Pro
Leu Leu Lys Leu Lys Arg 20 25 30Ser Ser Lys Val Val Phe Tyr Cys His
Phe Pro Asp Leu Leu 35 40 452746PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 27Tyr Gln Leu Ile Ile Ile Asp Gln Leu Ser Thr
Cys Ile Pro Leu Leu1 5 10 15His Ile Phe Ser Ser Ala Thr Leu Met Phe
Tyr Cys His Phe Pro Asp 20 25 30Gln Leu Leu Ala Gln Arg Ala Gly Leu
Leu Lys Lys Ile Tyr 35 40 4528157PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 28Leu Arg His Leu Val Glu Lys Gly Leu Val Ala
Ala Gln Phe Leu Leu1 5 10 15Val Leu Gly Ala Ser Tyr Ser His Lys Asn
Arg Asp Leu Ala Ile Leu 20 25 30Ala Trp Lys Glu Leu Arg Arg Arg Gly
His Asn Ile Ala Leu Val Met 35 40 45Ala Gly Ala Val Val Ala Lys Gly
Ser Ser Arg Gln Glu Glu Ala Val 50 55 60Ala Arg Trp Gly Ala Asp Glu
Glu Gln Leu Val Ile Met Pro Asp Val65 70 75 80Ser Ser Ala Val Arg
Asn Trp Leu Leu Arg His Ala Ser Ile Val Leu 85 90 95Tyr Pro Thr Ser
Ala Glu Gly Phe Gly Leu Val Pro Phe Glu Ala Ala 100 105 110Ser Met
Gly Thr Pro Thr Ala His Val Ser Phe Gly Pro Leu Arg Glu 115 120
125Leu Ile Asp Ser Pro Glu Leu Pro Gln Asp Trp Asp Pro Leu Arg Met
130 135 140Ala Asp His Cys Gln Gln Leu Leu Gln Asp Pro Gln Leu145
150 15529150PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence
29Ser Ile Ile Ile Pro Thr Tyr Asn Glu Glu Lys Tyr Leu Glu Glu Cys1
5 10 15Leu Glu Ser Leu Leu Asn Gln Thr Thr Tyr Glu Asn Phe Glu Ile
Ile 20 25 30Val Val Asp Asp Gly Ser Thr Asp Gly Thr Val Glu Ile Leu
Glu Glu 35 40 45Tyr Ala Lys Asp Pro Arg Ile Arg Val Ile Arg Leu Glu
Glu Asn Leu 50 55 60Gly Leu Ala Ala Ala Arg Asn Ala Gly Leu Lys His
Ala Thr Gly Asp65 70 75 80Tyr Asp Tyr Ile Ala Phe Leu Asp Ala Asp
Asp Glu Val Pro Asp Trp 85 90 95Leu Glu Lys Leu Leu Glu Leu Leu Glu
Lys Asn Gly Ala Asp Ile Val 100 105 110Ile Gly Arg Val Ile Asn Glu
Asn Lys Gly Arg Leu Asn Gly Lys Leu 115 120 125Arg Leu Leu Val Phe
Leu Ile Gly Ser Asn Ala Leu Tyr Arg Arg Glu 130 135 140Ala Leu Glu
Lys Leu Leu145 1503044PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus
sequence 30Gly Thr Ile Arg Asn Leu Lys Ser Gly Leu Cys Leu Asp Val
Ala Gly1 5 10 15Gly Ser Thr Ala Asp Gly Thr Pro Val Gln Leu Tyr Thr
Cys His Gly 20 25 30Asn Asp Gly Asn Gln Lys Trp Thr Leu Glu Lys Asp
35 403144PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 31Gly
Thr Ile Arg Asn Leu Lys Ser Gly Leu Cys Leu Asp Val Ala Gly1 5 10
15Gly Ser Thr Ala Asp Gly Thr Pro Val Gln Leu Tyr Thr Cys His Gly
20 25 30Asn Asp Gly Asn Gln Lys Trp Thr Leu Glu Lys Asp 35
403244PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 32Gly Thr
Ile Arg Asn Leu Lys Ser Gly Leu Cys Leu Asp Val Ala Gly1 5 10 15Gly
Ser Thr Ala Asp Gly Thr Pro Val Gln Leu Tyr Thr Cys His Gly 20 25
30Asn Asp Gly Asn Gln Lys Trp Thr Leu Glu Lys Asp 35
4033102PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 33Met
Gly Ser Val Thr Val Arg Tyr Phe Cys Tyr Gly Cys Leu Phe Thr1 5 10
15Ser Ala Thr Trp Thr Val Leu Leu Phe Val Tyr Phe Asn Phe Ser Glu
20 25 30Val Thr Gln Pro Leu Lys Asn Val Pro Val Lys Gly Ser Gly Pro
His 35 40 45Gly Pro Ser Pro Lys Lys Phe Tyr Pro Arg Phe Thr Arg Gly
Pro Ser 50 55 60Arg Val Leu Glu Pro Gln Phe Lys Ala Asn Lys Ile Asp
Asp Val Ile65 70 75 80Asp Ser Arg Val Glu Asp Pro Glu Glu Gly His
Leu Lys Phe Ser Ser 85 90 95Glu Leu Gly Met Ile Phe
10034129PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 34Asn
Glu Glu Glu Met Lys Ala Ala Glu Glu Ser Tyr Lys Lys Tyr Ala1 5 10
15Phe Asn Ala Tyr Val Ser Asp Arg Ile Ser Leu Asn Arg Ser Ile Pro
20 25 30Asp Thr Arg His Pro Glu Cys Lys Asn Lys Lys Tyr Tyr Ser Asp
Asn 35 40 45Leu Pro Thr Thr Ser Val Ile Ile Val Phe His Asn Glu Ala
Trp Ser 50 55 60Thr Leu Leu Arg Thr Val His Ser Val Ile Asn Arg Thr
Pro Pro His65 70 75 80Leu Leu Lys Glu Ile Ile Leu Val Asp Asp Phe
Ser Asp Arg Pro His 85 90 95Leu Leu Lys Gln Lys Leu Glu Glu Tyr Val
Lys Lys Lys Phe Pro Gly 100 105 110Lys Val Lys Ile Leu Arg Asn Glu
Glu Arg Glu Gly Leu Ile Arg Ala 115 120 125Arg3562PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 35Met Asp Ile Trp Gly Gly Glu
Asn Leu Glu Leu Ser Phe Arg Val Trp1 5 10 15Gln Cys Gly Gly Lys Leu
Glu Ile Val Pro Cys Ser Arg Val Gly His 20 25 30Ile Phe Arg Lys Gln
Ser Pro Tyr Thr Phe Pro Ser Gly Ser Ser Ser 35 40 45Asn Val Ile Ser
Arg Asn Tyr Lys Arg Val Ala Glu Val Trp 50 55 603641PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 36Asn Arg Leu Tyr Gln Val Ser
Val Gly Gln Cys Leu Arg Ala Val Asp1 5 10 15Pro Leu Gly Gln Lys Gly
Ser Val Ala Met Ala Ile Cys Asp Gly Ser 20 25 30Ser Ser Gln Gln Trp
His Leu Glu Gly 35 403736PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus
sequence 37Arg Leu Tyr Gln Val Ser Val Gly Gln Cys Leu Arg Ala Val
Asp Pro1 5 10 15Leu Gly Gln Lys Gly Ser Val Ala Met Ala Ile Cys Asp
Gly Ser Ser 20 25 30Ser Gln Gln Trp 353880PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 38Val Ile Asp Val Ile Asp Asp
Asn Thr Phe Glu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys1 5 10 15Ser Ser Asp Thr Ser Arg
Gly Gly Phe Asp Trp Gly Leu His Phe Lys 20 25 30Trp His Pro Ile Pro
Glu Glu Glu Arg Lys Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Glu 35 40 45Asp Pro Thr Glu
Pro Ile Arg Ser Pro Thr Met Ala Gly Gly Leu Phe 50 55 60Ala Ile Asp
Arg Glu Tyr Phe Trp Glu Leu Gly Ser Tyr Asp Pro Gly65 70 75
8039578PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 39Arg
Arg Val Leu Lys Asp Ala His Ala Gly Gly Asn Ala Val Asp Ala1 5 10
15Ala Val Ala Ala Leu Phe Cys Leu Gly Val Val Glu Pro His Ala Ser
20 25 30Gly Ile Gly Gly Gly Gly Phe Met Leu Ile Tyr Asn Leu Ala Thr
Gly 35 40 45Lys Ala Thr Val Ile Asp Phe Arg Glu Thr Ala Pro Ala Ala
Ala Thr 50 55 60Pro Asn Met Phe Leu Asp Lys Ser Gly Glu Ala Ser Lys
Gln Ser Ala65 70 75 80Thr Gly Gly Leu Leu Ala Ile Gly Val Pro Gly
Glu Val Ala Gly Leu 85 90 95Glu Glu Ala His Lys Lys Tyr Gly Ser Thr
Thr Leu Pro Trp Ala Asp 100 105 110Leu Leu Glu Pro Ala Ile Lys Leu
Ala Arg Gly Gly Phe Pro Val Ser 115 120 125Pro Ala Leu Ala Ala Ala
Leu Asp Leu Ala Glu Pro Leu Leu Leu Ser 130 135 140Asp Ile Leu Asp
Pro Gly Leu Lys Asp Ile Phe Leu Pro Asn Gly Glu145 150 155 160Pro
Val Leu Arg Pro Gly Glu Arg Leu Val Gln Pro Asp Leu Ala Lys 165 170
175Thr Leu Glu Leu Ile Ala Lys Glu Glu Gly Ala Asp Ala Phe Tyr Asn
180 185 190Gly Ile Ala Ala Ser Phe Glu Leu Ala Ala Ala Leu Val Ala
Asp Ile 195 200 205Ala Lys Asn Gly Gly Ile Ile Thr Leu Glu Asp Leu
Ala Asn Tyr Arg 210 215 220Val Glu Val Arg Glu Pro Leu Ser Gly Asp
Tyr Arg Gly Ala Asp Ile225 230 235 240Tyr Glu Val Leu Thr Met Pro
Pro Pro Ser Ser Gly Gly Pro Val Leu 245 250 255Leu Gln Ile Leu Asn
Ile Leu Glu Gly Phe Asp Leu Ser Lys Tyr Ser 260 265 270Val Gly Ser
Ala Glu Tyr Lys Gly Leu Thr Val His Leu Leu Val Glu 275 280 285Ala
Met Lys Leu Ala Tyr Ala Asp Arg Asp Ala Tyr Leu Gly Asp Pro 290 295
300Asp Phe Val Asp Val Pro Lys Val Leu Ala Lys Leu Leu Asp Lys
Lys305 310 315 320Tyr Ala Lys Gln Arg Arg Ala Leu Ile Ser Leu Glu
Lys Ala Lys Gly 325 330 335Asp Ile Pro Ser Ser Gly Ser Leu Asp Tyr
Tyr Lys Pro Gly Glu Ala 340 345 350Ala Glu Ala Gln Asp Leu Pro Lys
Glu His Gly Glu Trp Met Thr Thr 355 360 365His Leu Ser Val Val Asp
Ala Asp Gly Asn Ala Val Ser Leu Thr Ser 370 375 380Thr Ile Asn Leu
Leu Phe Gly Ser Lys Val Leu Ser Pro Gly Thr Pro385 390 395 400Ser
Phe Gly Ile Leu Leu Asn Asn Glu Met Asp Asp Phe Ser Ser Lys 405 410
415Leu Gly Trp Ser Pro Gly Val Gly Asn Val Phe Gly Leu Ala Pro Gly
420 425 430Pro Ala Asn Phe Ile Glu Pro Gly Lys Arg Pro Leu Ser Ser
Met Ser 435 440 445Pro Thr Ile Val Leu Lys Lys Ser Asp Gly Lys Pro
Lys Leu Val Val 450 455 460Gly Ser Pro Gly Gly Ser Arg Ile Ile Thr
Ala Val Leu Gln Thr Ile465 470 475 480Val Asn Val Leu Asp Tyr Gly
Met Asn Leu Gln Glu Ala Val Glu Ala 485 490 495Pro Arg Phe His His
Gln Leu Leu Pro Ala Asp Arg Leu Glu Val Glu 500 505 510Asn Phe Pro
Ile Val Val Ser Glu Glu Gly Phe Ser Lys Ala Val Leu 515 520 525Gln
Glu Leu Glu Arg Arg Gly His Lys Val Glu Leu Val Pro Asp Tyr 530 535
540Asp Lys Phe Phe Gly Ser Val Gln Ala Ile Ile Val Asp Glu Asp
Gly545 550 555 560Glu Gly Ser Val Leu Tyr Gly Ala Ser Asp Pro Arg
Arg Asn His Gly 565 570 575Gly Glu40135PRTArtificial SequenceAmino
acid consensus sequence 40Met Ala Ala Glu Asn Glu Ala Ser Gln Glu
Ser Ala Leu Gly Ala Tyr1 5 10 15Ser Pro Val Asp Tyr Met Ser Ile Thr
Ser Phe Pro Arg Leu Pro Glu 20 25 30Asp Glu Pro Ala Pro Ala Ala Pro
Leu Arg Gly Arg Lys Asp Glu Asp 35 40 45Ala Phe Leu Gly Asp Pro Asp
Thr Asp Pro Asp Ser Phe Leu Lys Ser 50 55 60Ala Arg Leu Gln Arg Leu
Pro Ser Ser Ser Ser Glu Met Gly Ser Gln65 70 75 80Asp Gly Ser Pro
Leu Arg Glu Thr Arg Lys Asp Pro Phe Ser Ala Ala 85 90 95Ala Ala Glu
Cys Ser Cys Arg Gln Asp Gly Leu Thr Val Ile Val Thr 100 105 110Ala
Cys Leu Thr Phe Ala Thr Gly Val Thr Val Ala Leu Val Met Gln 115 120
125Ile Tyr Phe Gly Asp Pro Gln 130 13541293PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 41Ala His Thr Ile Asp Ala Arg
Glu Thr Ala Pro Ala Ala Ala Thr Glu1 5 10 15Asp Met Phe Glu Asn Asn
Met Asp Glu Asn Asn Ser Pro Leu Lys Lys 20 25 30Met Asp Val Thr Gly
Gly Leu Ser Val Gly Val Pro Gly Glu Val Ala 35 40 45Gly Tyr Glu Glu
Ala His Lys Arg Tyr Gly Arg Leu Pro Trp Ala Gln 50 55 60Leu Phe Gln
Pro Ala Ile Lys Leu Ala Arg Glu Gly Phe Pro Val Ser65 70 75 80Pro
Tyr Leu Ala Arg Ala Leu Glu Ser Ser Glu Glu Arg Ile Lys Leu 85 90
95Gln Arg Pro Asp Pro Gly Trp Arg Glu Ile Phe Ala Pro Asn Gly Glu
100 105 110Pro Leu Arg Pro Gly Glu Val Leu Lys Gln Pro Asp Leu Ala
Glu Thr 115 120 125Leu Glu Leu Ile Ala Glu Glu Gly Pro Glu Ala Phe
Tyr Asn Gly Glu 130 135 140Arg Leu Ala Glu Gln Leu Val Lys Asp Ile
Gln Lys Ser Gly Gly Ile145 150 155 160Ile Thr Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala
Asn Tyr Lys Val Lys Val Arg Glu Pro 165 170 175Val His Ser Ser Ser
Tyr Ala Arg Gly Tyr Glu Val Leu Ser Met Pro 180 185 190Pro Pro Ser
Ser Gly Gly Val Val Leu Ala Gln Val Leu Asn Ile Leu 195 200 205Glu
Gly Tyr Asn Phe Asp Met Ser Ser Val Ala Thr Pro Glu Asn Ser 210 215
220Ala Glu Thr Tyr His Arg Leu Val Glu Ala Met Lys Phe Ala Tyr
Ala225 230 235 240Asp Arg Ser Arg Tyr Leu Gly Asp Pro Asp Phe Val
Pro Val Pro Gln 245 250 255Asn Ala Val Glu Lys Leu Leu Ser Lys Asp
Tyr Ala Lys Gln Arg Arg 260 265 270Ala Leu Ile Pro Ser Asn Pro Gln
Arg Ala Ser Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu 275 280 285Pro Pro Gly Ala Pro
29042114PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 42Arg
Pro Ala Glu Gly Leu Cys Gly Thr Tyr Leu Ala Leu Gly Ala Asn1 5 10
15Gly Ala Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Leu Thr Gln Val Leu Leu Asn Val
20 25 30Leu Thr Leu Asn Arg Asn Leu Ser Asp Ser Leu Ala Arg Gly Arg
Leu 35
40 45His Pro Asp Leu Gln Ser Asn Leu Leu Gln Val Asp Ser Glu Phe
Thr 50 55 60Glu Glu Glu Ile Glu Phe Leu Glu Ala Arg Gly His His Val
Glu Lys65 70 75 80Val Asp Val Leu Ser Trp Val His Gly Ser Arg Arg
Thr Asn Asn Phe 85 90 95Ile Ile Ala Val Lys Asp Pro Arg Ser Pro Asp
Ala Ala Gly Ala Thr 100 105 110Ile Leu43102PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 43Asp Leu Ile Val Leu Ala Gly
Tyr Met Arg Ile Leu Pro Lys Glu Phe1 5 10 15Leu Gln Ala Phe Pro Gly
Lys Ile Leu Asn Ile His Pro Ser Leu Leu 20 25 30Pro Arg Phe Arg Gly
Ala Ala Pro Ile Gln Arg Ala Leu Glu Ala Gly 35 40 45Asp Lys Glu Thr
Gly Val Thr Val His Phe Val Asp Glu Glu Leu Asp 50 55 60Thr Gly Pro
Ile Leu Ala Gln Lys Ala Val Pro Ile Leu Pro Thr Asp65 70 75 80Asp
Thr Ser Glu Thr Leu Glu Asn Arg Val Ala Glu Leu Glu His Lys 85 90
95Ala Leu Pro Glu Ala Leu 10044108PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 44Glu Tyr Gln Pro Asp Leu Val Val Leu Ala Gly
Tyr Met Arg Ile Leu1 5 10 15Pro Pro Glu Phe Leu Glu Arg Tyr Pro His
Gly Cys Ile Asn Ile His 20 25 30Pro Ser Leu Leu Pro Lys Tyr Arg Gly
Ala Ser Pro Ile Gln Gln Ala 35 40 45Ile Glu Asn Gly Asp Lys Glu Thr
Gly Val Thr Val His Tyr Val Asp 50 55 60Glu Glu Glu Leu Asp Thr Gly
Pro Ile Ile Ala Gln Glu Thr Val Pro65 70 75 80Val Glu Pro Asp Asp
Thr Ala Glu Thr Thr Leu Glu Arg Val Leu Arg 85 90 95Asp Val Glu His
Glu Leu Leu Pro Glu Ala Leu Glu 100 10545114PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 45Ala Thr Tyr Ala Pro Lys Leu
Lys Lys Glu Asp Gly Arg Ile Asp Trp1 5 10 15Asn Lys Pro Ala Glu Glu
Ile His Asn Lys Ile Arg Ala Phe Ser Pro 20 25 30Pro Trp Pro Gly Ala
Trp Thr Tyr Phe Asn Gly Gln Lys Gln Lys Leu 35 40 45Lys Ile Trp Gln
Ala Lys Leu Val Asp Glu Ser Ala Ser Ser Gln Ala 50 55 60Pro Gly Gly
Thr Val Leu Ser Val Asp Lys Asn Gly Leu Leu Val Ala65 70 75 80Cys
Gly Glu Gly Ser Val Leu Arg Leu Leu Gln Ile Gln Pro Pro Gly 85 90
95Lys Lys Pro Met Ser Ala Lys Asp Phe Leu Asn Gly Lys Arg Glu Trp
100 105 110Phe Lys46195PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus
sequence 46Leu Glu Asn Leu Pro Lys Lys Gly Pro Ala Ile Val Val Ser
Asn His1 5 10 15Arg Ser Tyr Leu Asp Ile Leu Val Leu Ser Ala Ala Leu
Pro Arg Arg 20 25 30Gly Pro Trp Leu Val Arg Arg Leu Val Phe Ile Ala
Lys Lys Glu Leu 35 40 45Leu Lys Val Pro Leu Leu Phe Gly Trp Leu Met
Arg Leu Ala Gly Ala 50 55 60Ile Phe Ile Asp Arg Asn Asn Arg Ala Lys
Asp Ala Leu Ala Ala Ala65 70 75 80Asp Glu Leu Val Arg Val Leu Glu
Leu Leu Arg Lys Gly Arg Ser Val 85 90 95Leu Ile Phe Pro Glu Gly Thr
Arg Ser Arg Ser Gly Glu Leu Leu Pro 100 105 110Pro Phe Lys Lys Gly
Ile Ala Ala Phe Arg Leu Ala Leu Lys Ala Gly 115 120 125Val Pro Ile
Val Pro Val Val Ile Val Ser Gly Thr Glu Glu Leu Glu 130 135 140Pro
Lys Asn Glu Ala Gly Lys Leu Leu Arg Leu Ala Arg Lys Lys Gly145 150
155 160Pro Val Thr Val Arg Val Leu Pro Pro Ile Pro Leu Asp Pro Glu
Asp 165 170 175Ile Lys Glu Leu Ala Glu Arg Leu Arg Asp Ile Leu Val
Gln Ala Leu 180 185 190Glu Glu Leu 19547216PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 47Gly Thr Thr Gln Arg Leu Met
Pro Phe Trp Arg Trp Phe Tyr Lys Ile1 5 10 15Tyr His Gly Tyr Gln Val
Ile Gly Leu Glu Asn Ile Pro Pro Gly Gly 20 25 30Pro Leu Leu Val Val
Tyr His His Gly Gly Ile Phe Pro Pro Pro Ile 35 40 45Asp Met Tyr Tyr
Leu Asp Trp Tyr Met Leu Leu Gly Arg Glu Arg Pro 50 55 60Val Tyr Thr
Leu Gly His Arg Phe Leu Phe Lys Gly Leu Pro Gly Trp65 70 75 80Gly
Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Phe His Val Ser Pro Gly Thr Val Gln Ser 85 90
95Cys Val Ser Ala Leu Arg Asp Gly Asn Leu Val Ala Val Tyr Pro Gly
100 105 110Gly Val Tyr Asp Ala Tyr Arg Pro Gly Asp His Tyr Tyr Glu
Ile Leu 115 120 125Trp Arg Gly Arg Lys Gly Phe Val Lys Val Ala Ile
Glu Ala Gly Val 130 135 140Pro Ile Val Pro Cys Phe Thr Gln Gly Leu
Arg Glu Gly Phe Arg Gln145 150 155 160Val Gly Asp Cys Tyr Asp Gly
Thr Trp Ile Phe Arg Thr Phe Gly Met 165 170 175Arg Trp Tyr Asn Lys
Val Asp Ile Pro Val Tyr Pro Ile Tyr Gly Gly 180 185 190Phe Pro Trp
Gly Phe Arg Thr Tyr Leu Gly Pro Pro Ile Pro Tyr Pro 195 200 205Glu
Asn Leu Thr Pro Gln Asp Leu 210 2154823PRTArtificial SequenceAmino
acid consensus sequence 48Ala Ile Glu Asp Leu Ile Asn Gln His Gln
Arg Leu Pro Gly Ser Ile1 5 10 15Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Asp Arg
204912PRTArtificial SequenceAcyltransferase family motif 49Asn Xaa
His Arg Gln Ser Xaa Leu Tyr Ile Met Asp1 5 10509PRTArtificial
SequenceAcyltransferase family motif 50Gly Xaa Ile Phe Phe Ile Arg
Asp Arg1 55113PRTArtificial SequenceAcyltransferase family motif
51Phe Pro Leu Ile Glu Gly Thr Gly Arg Ser Xaa Arg Xaa1 5
105212PRTArtificial SequenceAcyltransferase family motif 52Val Ile
Pro Xaa Ile Val Leu Ile Val Pro Val Ile1 5 10533030DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(238)...(2580) 53ggagaattga aacccgaaca cacattgggc
tcttttggca cttgactaga gctaaaacct 60cgggattcag cgggcaagcg ttgctcagca
acggcgcgta ggctgtgtgc ggttggctgg 120agccagaccc caccccggcc
tcggcccatg ctctagaggg gacgttgccc caatcctgaa 180ggacttcggc
actcgagacc tgtggatgcc gcgttgctgt ggcctgcggg ggtgatc atg 240 Met
1aag cca ggt gct act ggc gag tcc gat ttg gcc gaa gtg ctg ccc cag
288Lys Pro Gly Ala Thr Gly Glu Ser Asp Leu Ala Glu Val Leu Pro Gln
5 10 15cac aag ttc gac agc aag tcc ctg gag gcc tac cta aac cag cac
ttg 336His Lys Phe Asp Ser Lys Ser Leu Glu Ala Tyr Leu Asn Gln His
Leu 20 25 30tct ggc ttt ggg gcc gaa cgt gag gct acg ctg acc att gcc
cag tac 384Ser Gly Phe Gly Ala Glu Arg Glu Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Ala
Gln Tyr 35 40 45aga gca gga aag tcc aat cca acc ttt tat ctc cag aag
ggc ttt caa 432Arg Ala Gly Lys Ser Asn Pro Thr Phe Tyr Leu Gln Lys
Gly Phe Gln 50 55 60 65aca tat gtg ctc agg aaa aaa cca cca ggt tca
ctt ctt cct aaa gca 480Thr Tyr Val Leu Arg Lys Lys Pro Pro Gly Ser
Leu Leu Pro Lys Ala 70 75 80cat cag att gat aga gaa ttt aaa gtc cag
aaa gcc ttg ttt tca att 528His Gln Ile Asp Arg Glu Phe Lys Val Gln
Lys Ala Leu Phe Ser Ile 85 90 95gga ttc ccc gtt ccc aag cct ata ctg
tac tgc agt gat act tct gtc 576Gly Phe Pro Val Pro Lys Pro Ile Leu
Tyr Cys Ser Asp Thr Ser Val 100 105 110att gga aca gaa ttt tac gta
atg gaa cat gtg cag ggt cga atc ttc 624Ile Gly Thr Glu Phe Tyr Val
Met Glu His Val Gln Gly Arg Ile Phe 115 120 125cgt gat tta aca att
cct gga ctt agc cca gca gaa cgt tca gcc ata 672Arg Asp Leu Thr Ile
Pro Gly Leu Ser Pro Ala Glu Arg Ser Ala Ile130 135 140 145tat gtg
gcc acg gta gaa aca ttg gct cag tta cat tcc ttg aat ata 720Tyr Val
Ala Thr Val Glu Thr Leu Ala Gln Leu His Ser Leu Asn Ile 150 155
160cag tca ctg cag ctg gaa gga tat ggt ata ggt gct ggg tac tgc aaa
768Gln Ser Leu Gln Leu Glu Gly Tyr Gly Ile Gly Ala Gly Tyr Cys Lys
165 170 175aga cag gta tca acc tgg aca aag caa tat caa gct gca gct
cat cag 816Arg Gln Val Ser Thr Trp Thr Lys Gln Tyr Gln Ala Ala Ala
His Gln 180 185 190gac atc cct gcc atg caa cag cta tcg gag tgg cta
atg aag aac ttg 864Asp Ile Pro Ala Met Gln Gln Leu Ser Glu Trp Leu
Met Lys Asn Leu 195 200 205ccc gat aat gac aat gaa gag aat ttg att
cat gga gat ttc aga cta 912Pro Asp Asn Asp Asn Glu Glu Asn Leu Ile
His Gly Asp Phe Arg Leu210 215 220 225gat aac ata gtt ttc cac cct
aaa gag tgt cga gtt ata gca gtg ctg 960Asp Asn Ile Val Phe His Pro
Lys Glu Cys Arg Val Ile Ala Val Leu 230 235 240gat tgg gag ctg tca
acc att ggt cat cct ttg tca gac tta gct cat 1008Asp Trp Glu Leu Ser
Thr Ile Gly His Pro Leu Ser Asp Leu Ala His 245 250 255ttt tcc ctg
ttc tac ttt tgg cca agg aca gtt cca atg ata aat caa 1056Phe Ser Leu
Phe Tyr Phe Trp Pro Arg Thr Val Pro Met Ile Asn Gln 260 265 270ggt
tct tat agt gaa aac tca ggg ata cca tca atg gaa gaa ctg att 1104Gly
Ser Tyr Ser Glu Asn Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Met Glu Glu Leu Ile 275 280
285tca ata tat tgc cgc tgc agg gga att aat tct att ctt cct aac tgg
1152Ser Ile Tyr Cys Arg Cys Arg Gly Ile Asn Ser Ile Leu Pro Asn
Trp290 295 300 305aat ttc ttt ctt gcc ctt tca tat ttt aag atg gct
gga ata gca cag 1200Asn Phe Phe Leu Ala Leu Ser Tyr Phe Lys Met Ala
Gly Ile Ala Gln 310 315 320gga gta tat agc aga tat ctt ctg gga aat
aat tca tct gag gat agc 1248Gly Val Tyr Ser Arg Tyr Leu Leu Gly Asn
Asn Ser Ser Glu Asp Ser 325 330 335ttt tta ttt gcc aat att gtg caa
cct ctg gca gaa act gga cta caa 1296Phe Leu Phe Ala Asn Ile Val Gln
Pro Leu Ala Glu Thr Gly Leu Gln 340 345 350ctc tcc aaa cga act ttc
agt act gta cta cca cag att gat act act 1344Leu Ser Lys Arg Thr Phe
Ser Thr Val Leu Pro Gln Ile Asp Thr Thr 355 360 365gga cag ttg ttt
gta cag act cgg aaa ggt cag gaa gtt ctt att aag 1392Gly Gln Leu Phe
Val Gln Thr Arg Lys Gly Gln Glu Val Leu Ile Lys370 375 380 385gtg
aag cat ttc atg aaa caa cac att ctt cca gct gaa aag gag gta 1440Val
Lys His Phe Met Lys Gln His Ile Leu Pro Ala Glu Lys Glu Val 390 395
400act gag ttc tat gtt caa aat gaa aat tca gtg gac aag tgg gga aaa
1488Thr Glu Phe Tyr Val Gln Asn Glu Asn Ser Val Asp Lys Trp Gly Lys
405 410 415cct tta gtg att gat aaa ctc aag gaa atg gcc aaa gtc gag
ggt ctc 1536Pro Leu Val Ile Asp Lys Leu Lys Glu Met Ala Lys Val Glu
Gly Leu 420 425 430tgg aac ttg ttt ttg cca gct gtc agc gga ctc agc
cac gtg gac tat 1584Trp Asn Leu Phe Leu Pro Ala Val Ser Gly Leu Ser
His Val Asp Tyr 435 440 445gcc ttg att gct gaa gaa aca gga aaa tgc
ttt ttt gct cca gat gtc 1632Ala Leu Ile Ala Glu Glu Thr Gly Lys Cys
Phe Phe Ala Pro Asp Val450 455 460 465ttt aac tgc caa gca cca gac
aca ggg aat atg gag gtt ctg cac ctg 1680Phe Asn Cys Gln Ala Pro Asp
Thr Gly Asn Met Glu Val Leu His Leu 470 475 480tat gga agt gag gaa
cag aag aaa cag tgg ctt gag cct ctt ctt caa 1728Tyr Gly Ser Glu Glu
Gln Lys Lys Gln Trp Leu Glu Pro Leu Leu Gln 485 490 495ggg aac att
acc tct tgc ttc tgt atg aca gaa cct gat gta gct tca 1776Gly Asn Ile
Thr Ser Cys Phe Cys Met Thr Glu Pro Asp Val Ala Ser 500 505 510agt
gat gcc acg aat att gaa tgc agc atc caa cga gat gaa gat agc 1824Ser
Asp Ala Thr Asn Ile Glu Cys Ser Ile Gln Arg Asp Glu Asp Ser 515 520
525tat gta att aac ggc aaa aaa tgg tgg agc agt gga gct ggg aat ccc
1872Tyr Val Ile Asn Gly Lys Lys Trp Trp Ser Ser Gly Ala Gly Asn
Pro530 535 540 545aag tgc aaa att gca att gtt ttg gga aga act caa
aat act tct ctc 1920Lys Cys Lys Ile Ala Ile Val Leu Gly Arg Thr Gln
Asn Thr Ser Leu 550 555 560tcc aga cac aaa cag cac agc atg att ctt
gtt ccc atg aac aca cct 1968Ser Arg His Lys Gln His Ser Met Ile Leu
Val Pro Met Asn Thr Pro 565 570 575gga gta aaa ata ata agg cct ttg
tca gtt ttt ggc tac aca gat aat 2016Gly Val Lys Ile Ile Arg Pro Leu
Ser Val Phe Gly Tyr Thr Asp Asn 580 585 590ttt cat gga gga cat ttt
gag atc cat ttt aat caa gtg cga gtt cct 2064Phe His Gly Gly His Phe
Glu Ile His Phe Asn Gln Val Arg Val Pro 595 600 605gcc aca aat cta
ata cta ggt gaa ggt agg gga ttt gaa att tcc caa 2112Ala Thr Asn Leu
Ile Leu Gly Glu Gly Arg Gly Phe Glu Ile Ser Gln610 615 620 625ggc
cgc ctt gga cct ggc aga atc cac cac tgt atg aga aca gta ggt 2160Gly
Arg Leu Gly Pro Gly Arg Ile His His Cys Met Arg Thr Val Gly 630 635
640ttg gcg gaa cgc gct ttg cag atc atg tgt gag cgg gca aca caa agg
2208Leu Ala Glu Arg Ala Leu Gln Ile Met Cys Glu Arg Ala Thr Gln Arg
645 650 655ata gct ttc aag aag aag ttg tat gca cat gag gtt gtg gct
cac tgg 2256Ile Ala Phe Lys Lys Lys Leu Tyr Ala His Glu Val Val Ala
His Trp 660 665 670att gct gaa agc cgc att gcc att gag aag atc cgc
ttg ttg act ctg 2304Ile Ala Glu Ser Arg Ile Ala Ile Glu Lys Ile Arg
Leu Leu Thr Leu 675 680 685aaa gct gct cac agc atg gac act ctg ggc
agt gct ggc gct aag aaa 2352Lys Ala Ala His Ser Met Asp Thr Leu Gly
Ser Ala Gly Ala Lys Lys690 695 700 705gag att gca atg atc aaa gtg
gct gcc cca cgg gct gtc agc aaa atc 2400Glu Ile Ala Met Ile Lys Val
Ala Ala Pro Arg Ala Val Ser Lys Ile 710 715 720gtt gac tgg gcc atc
cag gtg tgc gga ggt gct ggt gtt tcc cag gat 2448Val Asp Trp Ala Ile
Gln Val Cys Gly Gly Ala Gly Val Ser Gln Asp 725 730 735tac cct ctg
gct aac atg tat gct ata acc cga gtt ttg cgt tta gca 2496Tyr Pro Leu
Ala Asn Met Tyr Ala Ile Thr Arg Val Leu Arg Leu Ala 740 745 750gat
gga cct gac gaa gtt cat ctt tca gca atc gca aca atg gag ctg 2544Asp
Gly Pro Asp Glu Val His Leu Ser Ala Ile Ala Thr Met Glu Leu 755 760
765cgg gac caa gcc aaa aga ctg aca gcc aag ata taa ggagggtggc
2590Arg Asp Gln Ala Lys Arg Leu Thr Ala Lys Ile *770 775
780actgccacat cccactggca gaaactctcc tttatacaaa cttcattggc
tccaacattt 2650gaatctcata tttttgtagc agtttgagca cagggttaat
tattcatttg tggtaaagat 2710tatagcatct attttgatca gtgggtttta
ttatttcaag ggtcacacag ggttaagttc 2770agtaagaaat gctgtagctg
ttgtcattca atctagtgcc tccttgaggc caggagttca 2830ggaccagcct
gggcaacata gcgagacccc cattgctaca aaaaatttaa aaatgaaaca
2890agtgtggtgg cacatgcttg tagtcctagc tacttgggag gctgaggcag
gaggattgct 2950tgagtctagg agtttgaggt tacagtaagc tgtgatcgtg
acatggcctc cagcctgggt 3010gaccgagtga gactgtttct 303054780PRTHomo
sapiens 54Met Lys Pro Gly Ala Thr Gly Glu Ser Asp Leu Ala Glu Val
Leu Pro1 5 10 15Gln His Lys Phe Asp Ser Lys Ser Leu Glu Ala Tyr Leu
Asn Gln His 20 25 30Leu Ser Gly Phe Gly Ala Glu Arg Glu Ala Thr Leu
Thr Ile Ala Gln 35 40 45Tyr Arg Ala Gly Lys Ser Asn Pro Thr Phe Tyr
Leu Gln Lys Gly Phe 50 55 60Gln Thr Tyr Val Leu Arg Lys Lys Pro Pro
Gly Ser Leu Leu Pro Lys65 70 75 80Ala His Gln Ile Asp Arg Glu Phe
Lys Val Gln Lys Ala Leu Phe Ser 85 90 95Ile Gly Phe Pro Val Pro Lys
Pro Ile Leu Tyr Cys Ser Asp Thr Ser 100 105 110Val Ile Gly Thr Glu
Phe Tyr Val Met Glu His Val Gln Gly Arg Ile 115 120 125Phe Arg Asp
Leu Thr Ile Pro
Gly Leu Ser Pro Ala Glu Arg Ser Ala 130 135 140Ile Tyr Val Ala Thr
Val Glu Thr Leu Ala Gln Leu His Ser Leu Asn145 150 155 160Ile Gln
Ser Leu Gln Leu Glu Gly Tyr Gly Ile Gly Ala Gly Tyr Cys 165 170
175Lys Arg Gln Val Ser Thr Trp Thr Lys Gln Tyr Gln Ala Ala Ala His
180 185 190Gln Asp Ile Pro Ala Met Gln Gln Leu Ser Glu Trp Leu Met
Lys Asn 195 200 205Leu Pro Asp Asn Asp Asn Glu Glu Asn Leu Ile His
Gly Asp Phe Arg 210 215 220Leu Asp Asn Ile Val Phe His Pro Lys Glu
Cys Arg Val Ile Ala Val225 230 235 240Leu Asp Trp Glu Leu Ser Thr
Ile Gly His Pro Leu Ser Asp Leu Ala 245 250 255His Phe Ser Leu Phe
Tyr Phe Trp Pro Arg Thr Val Pro Met Ile Asn 260 265 270Gln Gly Ser
Tyr Ser Glu Asn Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Met Glu Glu Leu 275 280 285Ile
Ser Ile Tyr Cys Arg Cys Arg Gly Ile Asn Ser Ile Leu Pro Asn 290 295
300Trp Asn Phe Phe Leu Ala Leu Ser Tyr Phe Lys Met Ala Gly Ile
Ala305 310 315 320Gln Gly Val Tyr Ser Arg Tyr Leu Leu Gly Asn Asn
Ser Ser Glu Asp 325 330 335Ser Phe Leu Phe Ala Asn Ile Val Gln Pro
Leu Ala Glu Thr Gly Leu 340 345 350Gln Leu Ser Lys Arg Thr Phe Ser
Thr Val Leu Pro Gln Ile Asp Thr 355 360 365Thr Gly Gln Leu Phe Val
Gln Thr Arg Lys Gly Gln Glu Val Leu Ile 370 375 380Lys Val Lys His
Phe Met Lys Gln His Ile Leu Pro Ala Glu Lys Glu385 390 395 400Val
Thr Glu Phe Tyr Val Gln Asn Glu Asn Ser Val Asp Lys Trp Gly 405 410
415Lys Pro Leu Val Ile Asp Lys Leu Lys Glu Met Ala Lys Val Glu Gly
420 425 430Leu Trp Asn Leu Phe Leu Pro Ala Val Ser Gly Leu Ser His
Val Asp 435 440 445Tyr Ala Leu Ile Ala Glu Glu Thr Gly Lys Cys Phe
Phe Ala Pro Asp 450 455 460Val Phe Asn Cys Gln Ala Pro Asp Thr Gly
Asn Met Glu Val Leu His465 470 475 480Leu Tyr Gly Ser Glu Glu Gln
Lys Lys Gln Trp Leu Glu Pro Leu Leu 485 490 495Gln Gly Asn Ile Thr
Ser Cys Phe Cys Met Thr Glu Pro Asp Val Ala 500 505 510Ser Ser Asp
Ala Thr Asn Ile Glu Cys Ser Ile Gln Arg Asp Glu Asp 515 520 525Ser
Tyr Val Ile Asn Gly Lys Lys Trp Trp Ser Ser Gly Ala Gly Asn 530 535
540Pro Lys Cys Lys Ile Ala Ile Val Leu Gly Arg Thr Gln Asn Thr
Ser545 550 555 560Leu Ser Arg His Lys Gln His Ser Met Ile Leu Val
Pro Met Asn Thr 565 570 575Pro Gly Val Lys Ile Ile Arg Pro Leu Ser
Val Phe Gly Tyr Thr Asp 580 585 590Asn Phe His Gly Gly His Phe Glu
Ile His Phe Asn Gln Val Arg Val 595 600 605Pro Ala Thr Asn Leu Ile
Leu Gly Glu Gly Arg Gly Phe Glu Ile Ser 610 615 620Gln Gly Arg Leu
Gly Pro Gly Arg Ile His His Cys Met Arg Thr Val625 630 635 640Gly
Leu Ala Glu Arg Ala Leu Gln Ile Met Cys Glu Arg Ala Thr Gln 645 650
655Arg Ile Ala Phe Lys Lys Lys Leu Tyr Ala His Glu Val Val Ala His
660 665 670Trp Ile Ala Glu Ser Arg Ile Ala Ile Glu Lys Ile Arg Leu
Leu Thr 675 680 685Leu Lys Ala Ala His Ser Met Asp Thr Leu Gly Ser
Ala Gly Ala Lys 690 695 700Lys Glu Ile Ala Met Ile Lys Val Ala Ala
Pro Arg Ala Val Ser Lys705 710 715 720Ile Val Asp Trp Ala Ile Gln
Val Cys Gly Gly Ala Gly Val Ser Gln 725 730 735Asp Tyr Pro Leu Ala
Asn Met Tyr Ala Ile Thr Arg Val Leu Arg Leu 740 745 750Ala Asp Gly
Pro Asp Glu Val His Leu Ser Ala Ile Ala Thr Met Glu 755 760 765Leu
Arg Asp Gln Ala Lys Arg Leu Thr Ala Lys Ile 770 775
780552343DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(2343) 55atg aag cca ggt gct act
ggc gag tcc gat ttg gcc gaa gtg ctg ccc 48Met Lys Pro Gly Ala Thr
Gly Glu Ser Asp Leu Ala Glu Val Leu Pro 1 5 10 15cag cac aag ttc
gac agc aag tcc ctg gag gcc tac cta aac cag cac 96Gln His Lys Phe
Asp Ser Lys Ser Leu Glu Ala Tyr Leu Asn Gln His 20 25 30ttg tct ggc
ttt ggg gcc gaa cgt gag gct acg ctg acc att gcc cag 144Leu Ser Gly
Phe Gly Ala Glu Arg Glu Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Ala Gln 35 40 45tac aga
gca gga aag tcc aat cca acc ttt tat ctc cag aag ggc ttt 192Tyr Arg
Ala Gly Lys Ser Asn Pro Thr Phe Tyr Leu Gln Lys Gly Phe 50 55 60caa
aca tat gtg ctc agg aaa aaa cca cca ggt tca ctt ctt cct aaa 240Gln
Thr Tyr Val Leu Arg Lys Lys Pro Pro Gly Ser Leu Leu Pro Lys 65 70
75 80gca cat cag att gat aga gaa ttt aaa gtc cag aaa gcc ttg ttt
tca 288Ala His Gln Ile Asp Arg Glu Phe Lys Val Gln Lys Ala Leu Phe
Ser 85 90 95att gga ttc ccc gtt ccc aag cct ata ctg tac tgc agt gat
act tct 336Ile Gly Phe Pro Val Pro Lys Pro Ile Leu Tyr Cys Ser Asp
Thr Ser 100 105 110gtc att gga aca gaa ttt tac gta atg gaa cat gtg
cag ggt cga atc 384Val Ile Gly Thr Glu Phe Tyr Val Met Glu His Val
Gln Gly Arg Ile 115 120 125ttc cgt gat tta aca att cct gga ctt agc
cca gca gaa cgt tca gcc 432Phe Arg Asp Leu Thr Ile Pro Gly Leu Ser
Pro Ala Glu Arg Ser Ala 130 135 140ata tat gtg gcc acg gta gaa aca
ttg gct cag tta cat tcc ttg aat 480Ile Tyr Val Ala Thr Val Glu Thr
Leu Ala Gln Leu His Ser Leu Asn145 150 155 160ata cag tca ctg cag
ctg gaa gga tat ggt ata ggt gct ggg tac tgc 528Ile Gln Ser Leu Gln
Leu Glu Gly Tyr Gly Ile Gly Ala Gly Tyr Cys 165 170 175aaa aga cag
gta tca acc tgg aca aag caa tat caa gct gca gct cat 576Lys Arg Gln
Val Ser Thr Trp Thr Lys Gln Tyr Gln Ala Ala Ala His 180 185 190cag
gac atc cct gcc atg caa cag cta tcg gag tgg cta atg aag aac 624Gln
Asp Ile Pro Ala Met Gln Gln Leu Ser Glu Trp Leu Met Lys Asn 195 200
205ttg ccc gat aat gac aat gaa gag aat ttg att cat gga gat ttc aga
672Leu Pro Asp Asn Asp Asn Glu Glu Asn Leu Ile His Gly Asp Phe Arg
210 215 220cta gat aac ata gtt ttc cac cct aaa gag tgt cga gtt ata
gca gtg 720Leu Asp Asn Ile Val Phe His Pro Lys Glu Cys Arg Val Ile
Ala Val225 230 235 240ctg gat tgg gag ctg tca acc att ggt cat cct
ttg tca gac tta gct 768Leu Asp Trp Glu Leu Ser Thr Ile Gly His Pro
Leu Ser Asp Leu Ala 245 250 255cat ttt tcc ctg ttc tac ttt tgg cca
agg aca gtt cca atg ata aat 816His Phe Ser Leu Phe Tyr Phe Trp Pro
Arg Thr Val Pro Met Ile Asn 260 265 270caa ggt tct tat agt gaa aac
tca ggg ata cca tca atg gaa gaa ctg 864Gln Gly Ser Tyr Ser Glu Asn
Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Met Glu Glu Leu 275 280 285att tca ata tat tgc
cgc tgc agg gga att aat tct att ctt cct aac 912Ile Ser Ile Tyr Cys
Arg Cys Arg Gly Ile Asn Ser Ile Leu Pro Asn 290 295 300tgg aat ttc
ttt ctt gcc ctt tca tat ttt aag atg gct gga ata gca 960Trp Asn Phe
Phe Leu Ala Leu Ser Tyr Phe Lys Met Ala Gly Ile Ala305 310 315
320cag gga gta tat agc aga tat ctt ctg gga aat aat tca tct gag gat
1008Gln Gly Val Tyr Ser Arg Tyr Leu Leu Gly Asn Asn Ser Ser Glu Asp
325 330 335agc ttt tta ttt gcc aat att gtg caa cct ctg gca gaa act
gga cta 1056Ser Phe Leu Phe Ala Asn Ile Val Gln Pro Leu Ala Glu Thr
Gly Leu 340 345 350caa ctc tcc aaa cga act ttc agt act gta cta cca
cag att gat act 1104Gln Leu Ser Lys Arg Thr Phe Ser Thr Val Leu Pro
Gln Ile Asp Thr 355 360 365act gga cag ttg ttt gta cag act cgg aaa
ggt cag gaa gtt ctt att 1152Thr Gly Gln Leu Phe Val Gln Thr Arg Lys
Gly Gln Glu Val Leu Ile 370 375 380aag gtg aag cat ttc atg aaa caa
cac att ctt cca gct gaa aag gag 1200Lys Val Lys His Phe Met Lys Gln
His Ile Leu Pro Ala Glu Lys Glu385 390 395 400gta act gag ttc tat
gtt caa aat gaa aat tca gtg gac aag tgg gga 1248Val Thr Glu Phe Tyr
Val Gln Asn Glu Asn Ser Val Asp Lys Trp Gly 405 410 415aaa cct tta
gtg att gat aaa ctc aag gaa atg gcc aaa gtc gag ggt 1296Lys Pro Leu
Val Ile Asp Lys Leu Lys Glu Met Ala Lys Val Glu Gly 420 425 430ctc
tgg aac ttg ttt ttg cca gct gtc agc gga ctc agc cac gtg gac 1344Leu
Trp Asn Leu Phe Leu Pro Ala Val Ser Gly Leu Ser His Val Asp 435 440
445tat gcc ttg att gct gaa gaa aca gga aaa tgc ttt ttt gct cca gat
1392Tyr Ala Leu Ile Ala Glu Glu Thr Gly Lys Cys Phe Phe Ala Pro Asp
450 455 460gtc ttt aac tgc caa gca cca gac aca ggg aat atg gag gtt
ctg cac 1440Val Phe Asn Cys Gln Ala Pro Asp Thr Gly Asn Met Glu Val
Leu His465 470 475 480ctg tat gga agt gag gaa cag aag aaa cag tgg
ctt gag cct ctt ctt 1488Leu Tyr Gly Ser Glu Glu Gln Lys Lys Gln Trp
Leu Glu Pro Leu Leu 485 490 495caa ggg aac att acc tct tgc ttc tgt
atg aca gaa cct gat gta gct 1536Gln Gly Asn Ile Thr Ser Cys Phe Cys
Met Thr Glu Pro Asp Val Ala 500 505 510tca agt gat gcc acg aat att
gaa tgc agc atc caa cga gat gaa gat 1584Ser Ser Asp Ala Thr Asn Ile
Glu Cys Ser Ile Gln Arg Asp Glu Asp 515 520 525agc tat gta att aac
ggc aaa aaa tgg tgg agc agt gga gct ggg aat 1632Ser Tyr Val Ile Asn
Gly Lys Lys Trp Trp Ser Ser Gly Ala Gly Asn 530 535 540ccc aag tgc
aaa att gca att gtt ttg gga aga act caa aat act tct 1680Pro Lys Cys
Lys Ile Ala Ile Val Leu Gly Arg Thr Gln Asn Thr Ser545 550 555
560ctc tcc aga cac aaa cag cac agc atg att ctt gtt ccc atg aac aca
1728Leu Ser Arg His Lys Gln His Ser Met Ile Leu Val Pro Met Asn Thr
565 570 575cct gga gta aaa ata ata agg cct ttg tca gtt ttt ggc tac
aca gat 1776Pro Gly Val Lys Ile Ile Arg Pro Leu Ser Val Phe Gly Tyr
Thr Asp 580 585 590aat ttt cat gga gga cat ttt gag atc cat ttt aat
caa gtg cga gtt 1824Asn Phe His Gly Gly His Phe Glu Ile His Phe Asn
Gln Val Arg Val 595 600 605cct gcc aca aat cta ata cta ggt gaa ggt
agg gga ttt gaa att tcc 1872Pro Ala Thr Asn Leu Ile Leu Gly Glu Gly
Arg Gly Phe Glu Ile Ser 610 615 620caa ggc cgc ctt gga cct ggc aga
atc cac cac tgt atg aga aca gta 1920Gln Gly Arg Leu Gly Pro Gly Arg
Ile His His Cys Met Arg Thr Val625 630 635 640ggt ttg gcg gaa cgc
gct ttg cag atc atg tgt gag cgg gca aca caa 1968Gly Leu Ala Glu Arg
Ala Leu Gln Ile Met Cys Glu Arg Ala Thr Gln 645 650 655agg ata gct
ttc aag aag aag ttg tat gca cat gag gtt gtg gct cac 2016Arg Ile Ala
Phe Lys Lys Lys Leu Tyr Ala His Glu Val Val Ala His 660 665 670tgg
att gct gaa agc cgc att gcc att gag aag atc cgc ttg ttg act 2064Trp
Ile Ala Glu Ser Arg Ile Ala Ile Glu Lys Ile Arg Leu Leu Thr 675 680
685ctg aaa gct gct cac agc atg gac act ctg ggc agt gct ggc gct aag
2112Leu Lys Ala Ala His Ser Met Asp Thr Leu Gly Ser Ala Gly Ala Lys
690 695 700aaa gag att gca atg atc aaa gtg gct gcc cca cgg gct gtc
agc aaa 2160Lys Glu Ile Ala Met Ile Lys Val Ala Ala Pro Arg Ala Val
Ser Lys705 710 715 720atc gtt gac tgg gcc atc cag gtg tgc gga ggt
gct ggt gtt tcc cag 2208Ile Val Asp Trp Ala Ile Gln Val Cys Gly Gly
Ala Gly Val Ser Gln 725 730 735gat tac cct ctg gct aac atg tat gct
ata acc cga gtt ttg cgt tta 2256Asp Tyr Pro Leu Ala Asn Met Tyr Ala
Ile Thr Arg Val Leu Arg Leu 740 745 750gca gat gga cct gac gaa gtt
cat ctt tca gca atc gca aca atg gag 2304Ala Asp Gly Pro Asp Glu Val
His Leu Ser Ala Ile Ala Thr Met Glu 755 760 765ctg cgg gac caa gcc
aaa aga ctg aca gcc aag ata taa 2343Leu Arg Asp Gln Ala Lys Arg Leu
Thr Ala Lys Ile * 770 775 7805621PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 56Gly Ser Glu Glu Gln Lys Lys Lys Tyr Leu Pro
Gln Leu Thr Ser Gly1 5 10 15Asp Leu Ile Gly Ala 205780PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 57Ala Leu Thr Glu Pro Gly Ala
Gly Ser Asp Val Gly Ser Leu Lys Thr1 5 10 15Thr Ala Glu Lys Lys Glu
Gly Asp Asp Tyr Ile Leu Asn Gly Ser Lys 20 25 30Met Trp Ile Thr Asn
Gly Gly Gln Ala Asp Trp Tyr Ile Val Leu Ala 35 40 45Val Thr Asp Pro
Ala Lys Lys Val Pro Gly Lys Lys Gly Ile Thr Ala 50 55 60Phe Leu Val
Glu Lys Asp Thr Pro Gly Phe Ser Ile Gly Lys Lys Glu65 70 75
8058128PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 58Gly
Lys Gly Phe Lys Tyr Ala Met Lys Glu Leu Asp Met Glu Arg Leu1 5 10
15Val Ile Ala Ala Gln Ala Leu Gly Leu Ala Gln Gly Ala Leu Asp Glu
20 25 30Ala Ile Asn Tyr Ala Lys Gln Arg Lys Gln Phe Gly Lys Pro Leu
Ala 35 40 45Asp Phe Gln Leu Ile Gln Phe Lys Leu Ala Asp Met Ala Thr
Lys Leu 50 55 60Glu Ala Ala Arg Leu Leu Val Tyr Arg Ala Ala Trp Leu
Ala Asp Arg65 70 75 80Gly Glu Asp Ala Lys Glu Ala Leu Pro Thr Ser
Lys Glu Ala Ala Met 85 90 95Ala Lys Leu Phe Ala Ser Glu Ala Ala Met
Gln Val Ala Thr Asp Ala 100 105 110Val Gln Ile Leu Gly Gly Val Gly
Tyr Thr Lys Asp Tyr Pro Val Glu 115 120 1255913PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 59Xaa Xaa Xaa Glu Xaa Xaa Xaa
Gly Xaa Asp Xaa Xaa Xaa1 5 106020PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 60Xaa Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa1 5 10 15Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 20612004DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(119)...(1717) 61gcactggact tgtaaacgaa aagcttcata
agtccctctt tgcttagtac ttttctcgtc 60ctttccccag ggtgcacgta accctcaagc
actaggaccg tgcggaatcc aggctgcg 118atg gca cct tca ttt acc gcc cgc
att cag ttg ttc ctc ttg cgg gcg 166Met Ala Pro Ser Phe Thr Ala Arg
Ile Gln Leu Phe Leu Leu Arg Ala 1 5 10 15cta ggc ttt ctc ata ggc
tta gta ggc cga gca gct tta gtc tta ggg 214Leu Gly Phe Leu Ile Gly
Leu Val Gly Arg Ala Ala Leu Val Leu Gly 20 25 30ggt cca aag ttt gcc
tca aag acc cct cgg ccg gtg act gaa cca ttg 262Gly Pro Lys Phe Ala
Ser Lys Thr Pro Arg Pro Val Thr Glu Pro Leu 35 40 45ctt ctg ctt tcg
ggg atg cag ctg gcc aag ctg atc cga cag aga aag 310Leu Leu Leu Ser
Gly Met Gln Leu Ala Lys Leu Ile Arg Gln Arg Lys 50 55 60gtg aaa tgt
ata gat gtt gtt cag gct tat atc aac aga atc aag gac 358Val Lys Cys
Ile Asp Val Val Gln Ala Tyr Ile Asn Arg Ile Lys Asp 65 70 75 80gtg
aac cca atg atc aat gga att gtc aag tac agg ttt gag gaa gcg 406Val
Asn Pro Met Ile Asn Gly Ile Val Lys Tyr Arg Phe Glu Glu Ala 85 90
95atg aag gag gct cat gct gta gat caa aag ctt gca gag aag cag gaa
454Met Lys Glu Ala His Ala Val Asp Gln Lys Leu Ala Glu Lys Gln Glu
100 105 110gat gaa gcc acc ctg gaa aat aaa tgg ccc ttc ctt ggg gtt
cct ttg 502Asp Glu Ala Thr Leu Glu Asn Lys Trp Pro Phe Leu Gly Val
Pro Leu 115 120 125aca gtc aag gaa gct ttc cag cta caa gga atg ccc
aat tct tct gga 550Thr Val Lys Glu Ala Phe Gln Leu Gln Gly Met Pro
Asn Ser Ser Gly 130 135
140ctc atg aac cgt cgt gat gcc att gcc aaa aca gat gcc act gtg gtg
598Leu Met Asn Arg Arg Asp Ala Ile Ala Lys Thr Asp Ala Thr Val
Val145 150 155 160gca tta ctg aag gga gct ggt gcc att cct ctt ggc
ata acc aac tgt 646Ala Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Gly Ala Ile Pro Leu Gly
Ile Thr Asn Cys 165 170 175agt gag ttg tgt atg tgg tat gaa tcc agt
aac aag atc tat ggc cga 694Ser Glu Leu Cys Met Trp Tyr Glu Ser Ser
Asn Lys Ile Tyr Gly Arg 180 185 190tca aac aac cca tat gat tta cag
cat att gta ggt gga agt tct ggt 742Ser Asn Asn Pro Tyr Asp Leu Gln
His Ile Val Gly Gly Ser Ser Gly 195 200 205ggt gag ggc tgc aca ctg
gca gct gcc tgc tca gtt att ggt gtg ggc 790Gly Glu Gly Cys Thr Leu
Ala Ala Ala Cys Ser Val Ile Gly Val Gly 210 215 220tct gat att ggt
ggt agc att cga atg cct gct ttc ttc aat ggt ata 838Ser Asp Ile Gly
Gly Ser Ile Arg Met Pro Ala Phe Phe Asn Gly Ile225 230 235 240ttt
gga cac aag cct tct cca ggt gtg gtt ccc aac aaa ggt cag ttt 886Phe
Gly His Lys Pro Ser Pro Gly Val Val Pro Asn Lys Gly Gln Phe 245 250
255ccc ttg gct gtg gga gcc cag gag ttg ttt ctg tgc act ggt cct atg
934Pro Leu Ala Val Gly Ala Gln Glu Leu Phe Leu Cys Thr Gly Pro Met
260 265 270tgc cgc tat gct gaa gac ctg gcc ccc atg ttg aag gtc atg
gca gga 982Cys Arg Tyr Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Pro Met Leu Lys Val Met
Ala Gly 275 280 285cct ggg atc aaa agg tta aaa cta gac aca aag gta
cat tta aaa gac 1030Pro Gly Ile Lys Arg Leu Lys Leu Asp Thr Lys Val
His Leu Lys Asp 290 295 300tta aaa ttt tac tgg atg gaa cat gat gga
ggc tca ttt tta atg tcc 1078Leu Lys Phe Tyr Trp Met Glu His Asp Gly
Gly Ser Phe Leu Met Ser305 310 315 320aaa gtg gac caa gat ctc att
atg act cag aaa aag gtt gtg gtt cac 1126Lys Val Asp Gln Asp Leu Ile
Met Thr Gln Lys Lys Val Val Val His 325 330 335ctt gaa act att cta
gga gcc tca gtt caa cat gtt aaa ctg aag aaa 1174Leu Glu Thr Ile Leu
Gly Ala Ser Val Gln His Val Lys Leu Lys Lys 340 345 350atg aag tac
tct ttt cag ttg tgg atc gca atg atg tca gca aag gga 1222Met Lys Tyr
Ser Phe Gln Leu Trp Ile Ala Met Met Ser Ala Lys Gly 355 360 365cat
gat ggg aag gaa cct gtg aaa ttt gta gat ttg ctt ggt gac cat 1270His
Asp Gly Lys Glu Pro Val Lys Phe Val Asp Leu Leu Gly Asp His 370 375
380ggg aaa cat gtc agt cct ctg tgg gag ttg atc aaa tgg tgc ctg ggt
1318Gly Lys His Val Ser Pro Leu Trp Glu Leu Ile Lys Trp Cys Leu
Gly385 390 395 400ctg tca gtg tac acc atc cct tcc att gga ctg gct
ttg ttg gaa gaa 1366Leu Ser Val Tyr Thr Ile Pro Ser Ile Gly Leu Ala
Leu Leu Glu Glu 405 410 415aag ctc aga tat agc aat gag aaa tac caa
aag ttt aag gca gtg gaa 1414Lys Leu Arg Tyr Ser Asn Glu Lys Tyr Gln
Lys Phe Lys Ala Val Glu 420 425 430gaa agc ctg cgt aaa gag ctg gtg
gat atg cta ggt gat gat ggt gtg 1462Glu Ser Leu Arg Lys Glu Leu Val
Asp Met Leu Gly Asp Asp Gly Val 435 440 445ttc tta tat ccc tca cat
ccc aca gtg gca cct aag cat cat gtc cct 1510Phe Leu Tyr Pro Ser His
Pro Thr Val Ala Pro Lys His His Val Pro 450 455 460cta aca cgg ccc
ttc aac ttt gct tac aca ggt gtc ttc agt gcc ctg 1558Leu Thr Arg Pro
Phe Asn Phe Ala Tyr Thr Gly Val Phe Ser Ala Leu465 470 475 480ggt
ttg cct gtg acc caa tgc cca ctg gga ctg aat gcc aaa gga ctc 1606Gly
Leu Pro Val Thr Gln Cys Pro Leu Gly Leu Asn Ala Lys Gly Leu 485 490
495cct tta ggc atc cag gtt gtg gct gga ccc ttt aat gat cat ctg acc
1654Pro Leu Gly Ile Gln Val Val Ala Gly Pro Phe Asn Asp His Leu Thr
500 505 510ctg gct gtg gcc cag tac ttg gag aaa act ttt ggg ggc tgg
gtc tgt 1702Leu Ala Val Ala Gln Tyr Leu Glu Lys Thr Phe Gly Gly Trp
Val Cys 515 520 525cca gga aag ttt tag gaggaccttc tgcaaggtta
atgtgtgtgt gtgtttgtgt 1757Pro Gly Lys Phe * 530tcgtgtggtg
gtgtttctat taattgggtg aaaccaagca ccagcagaca agcagagaaa
1817caactgggga atttattgac tcatttagtt attctttcta cttttatttc
cttctctaac 1877tgttggtctt actaaaatgg taatatttgc ttcttgcttt
tatgttactg gaaaattagg 1937acatgtaaat ggataagtgc aataaagttt
cctaaatgct gaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 1997aggccgc 200462532PRTHomo
sapiens 62Met Ala Pro Ser Phe Thr Ala Arg Ile Gln Leu Phe Leu Leu
Arg Ala1 5 10 15Leu Gly Phe Leu Ile Gly Leu Val Gly Arg Ala Ala Leu
Val Leu Gly 20 25 30Gly Pro Lys Phe Ala Ser Lys Thr Pro Arg Pro Val
Thr Glu Pro Leu 35 40 45Leu Leu Leu Ser Gly Met Gln Leu Ala Lys Leu
Ile Arg Gln Arg Lys 50 55 60Val Lys Cys Ile Asp Val Val Gln Ala Tyr
Ile Asn Arg Ile Lys Asp65 70 75 80Val Asn Pro Met Ile Asn Gly Ile
Val Lys Tyr Arg Phe Glu Glu Ala 85 90 95Met Lys Glu Ala His Ala Val
Asp Gln Lys Leu Ala Glu Lys Gln Glu 100 105 110Asp Glu Ala Thr Leu
Glu Asn Lys Trp Pro Phe Leu Gly Val Pro Leu 115 120 125Thr Val Lys
Glu Ala Phe Gln Leu Gln Gly Met Pro Asn Ser Ser Gly 130 135 140Leu
Met Asn Arg Arg Asp Ala Ile Ala Lys Thr Asp Ala Thr Val Val145 150
155 160Ala Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Gly Ala Ile Pro Leu Gly Ile Thr Asn
Cys 165 170 175Ser Glu Leu Cys Met Trp Tyr Glu Ser Ser Asn Lys Ile
Tyr Gly Arg 180 185 190Ser Asn Asn Pro Tyr Asp Leu Gln His Ile Val
Gly Gly Ser Ser Gly 195 200 205Gly Glu Gly Cys Thr Leu Ala Ala Ala
Cys Ser Val Ile Gly Val Gly 210 215 220Ser Asp Ile Gly Gly Ser Ile
Arg Met Pro Ala Phe Phe Asn Gly Ile225 230 235 240Phe Gly His Lys
Pro Ser Pro Gly Val Val Pro Asn Lys Gly Gln Phe 245 250 255Pro Leu
Ala Val Gly Ala Gln Glu Leu Phe Leu Cys Thr Gly Pro Met 260 265
270Cys Arg Tyr Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Pro Met Leu Lys Val Met Ala Gly
275 280 285Pro Gly Ile Lys Arg Leu Lys Leu Asp Thr Lys Val His Leu
Lys Asp 290 295 300Leu Lys Phe Tyr Trp Met Glu His Asp Gly Gly Ser
Phe Leu Met Ser305 310 315 320Lys Val Asp Gln Asp Leu Ile Met Thr
Gln Lys Lys Val Val Val His 325 330 335Leu Glu Thr Ile Leu Gly Ala
Ser Val Gln His Val Lys Leu Lys Lys 340 345 350Met Lys Tyr Ser Phe
Gln Leu Trp Ile Ala Met Met Ser Ala Lys Gly 355 360 365His Asp Gly
Lys Glu Pro Val Lys Phe Val Asp Leu Leu Gly Asp His 370 375 380Gly
Lys His Val Ser Pro Leu Trp Glu Leu Ile Lys Trp Cys Leu Gly385 390
395 400Leu Ser Val Tyr Thr Ile Pro Ser Ile Gly Leu Ala Leu Leu Glu
Glu 405 410 415Lys Leu Arg Tyr Ser Asn Glu Lys Tyr Gln Lys Phe Lys
Ala Val Glu 420 425 430Glu Ser Leu Arg Lys Glu Leu Val Asp Met Leu
Gly Asp Asp Gly Val 435 440 445Phe Leu Tyr Pro Ser His Pro Thr Val
Ala Pro Lys His His Val Pro 450 455 460Leu Thr Arg Pro Phe Asn Phe
Ala Tyr Thr Gly Val Phe Ser Ala Leu465 470 475 480Gly Leu Pro Val
Thr Gln Cys Pro Leu Gly Leu Asn Ala Lys Gly Leu 485 490 495Pro Leu
Gly Ile Gln Val Val Ala Gly Pro Phe Asn Asp His Leu Thr 500 505
510Leu Ala Val Ala Gln Tyr Leu Glu Lys Thr Phe Gly Gly Trp Val Cys
515 520 525Pro Gly Lys Phe 530631599DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(1599)
63atg gca cct tca ttt acc gcc cgc att cag ttg ttc ctc ttg cgg gcg
48Met Ala Pro Ser Phe Thr Ala Arg Ile Gln Leu Phe Leu Leu Arg Ala 1
5 10 15cta ggc ttt ctc ata ggc tta gta ggc cga gca gct tta gtc tta
ggg 96Leu Gly Phe Leu Ile Gly Leu Val Gly Arg Ala Ala Leu Val Leu
Gly 20 25 30ggt cca aag ttt gcc tca aag acc cct cgg ccg gtg act gaa
cca ttg 144Gly Pro Lys Phe Ala Ser Lys Thr Pro Arg Pro Val Thr Glu
Pro Leu 35 40 45ctt ctg ctt tcg ggg atg cag ctg gcc aag ctg atc cga
cag aga aag 192Leu Leu Leu Ser Gly Met Gln Leu Ala Lys Leu Ile Arg
Gln Arg Lys 50 55 60gtg aaa tgt ata gat gtt gtt cag gct tat atc aac
aga atc aag gac 240Val Lys Cys Ile Asp Val Val Gln Ala Tyr Ile Asn
Arg Ile Lys Asp 65 70 75 80gtg aac cca atg atc aat gga att gtc aag
tac agg ttt gag gaa gcg 288Val Asn Pro Met Ile Asn Gly Ile Val Lys
Tyr Arg Phe Glu Glu Ala 85 90 95atg aag gag gct cat gct gta gat caa
aag ctt gca gag aag cag gaa 336Met Lys Glu Ala His Ala Val Asp Gln
Lys Leu Ala Glu Lys Gln Glu 100 105 110gat gaa gcc acc ctg gaa aat
aaa tgg ccc ttc ctt ggg gtt cct ttg 384Asp Glu Ala Thr Leu Glu Asn
Lys Trp Pro Phe Leu Gly Val Pro Leu 115 120 125aca gtc aag gaa gct
ttc cag cta caa gga atg ccc aat tct tct gga 432Thr Val Lys Glu Ala
Phe Gln Leu Gln Gly Met Pro Asn Ser Ser Gly 130 135 140ctc atg aac
cgt cgt gat gcc att gcc aaa aca gat gcc act gtg gtg 480Leu Met Asn
Arg Arg Asp Ala Ile Ala Lys Thr Asp Ala Thr Val Val145 150 155
160gca tta ctg aag gga gct ggt gcc att cct ctt ggc ata acc aac tgt
528Ala Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Gly Ala Ile Pro Leu Gly Ile Thr Asn Cys
165 170 175agt gag ttg tgt atg tgg tat gaa tcc agt aac aag atc tat
ggc cga 576Ser Glu Leu Cys Met Trp Tyr Glu Ser Ser Asn Lys Ile Tyr
Gly Arg 180 185 190tca aac aac cca tat gat tta cag cat att gta ggt
gga agt tct ggt 624Ser Asn Asn Pro Tyr Asp Leu Gln His Ile Val Gly
Gly Ser Ser Gly 195 200 205ggt gag ggc tgc aca ctg gca gct gcc tgc
tca gtt att ggt gtg ggc 672Gly Glu Gly Cys Thr Leu Ala Ala Ala Cys
Ser Val Ile Gly Val Gly 210 215 220tct gat att ggt ggt agc att cga
atg cct gct ttc ttc aat ggt ata 720Ser Asp Ile Gly Gly Ser Ile Arg
Met Pro Ala Phe Phe Asn Gly Ile225 230 235 240ttt gga cac aag cct
tct cca ggt gtg gtt ccc aac aaa ggt cag ttt 768Phe Gly His Lys Pro
Ser Pro Gly Val Val Pro Asn Lys Gly Gln Phe 245 250 255ccc ttg gct
gtg gga gcc cag gag ttg ttt ctg tgc act ggt cct atg 816Pro Leu Ala
Val Gly Ala Gln Glu Leu Phe Leu Cys Thr Gly Pro Met 260 265 270tgc
cgc tat gct gaa gac ctg gcc ccc atg ttg aag gtc atg gca gga 864Cys
Arg Tyr Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Pro Met Leu Lys Val Met Ala Gly 275 280
285cct ggg atc aaa agg tta aaa cta gac aca aag gta cat tta aaa gac
912Pro Gly Ile Lys Arg Leu Lys Leu Asp Thr Lys Val His Leu Lys Asp
290 295 300tta aaa ttt tac tgg atg gaa cat gat gga ggc tca ttt tta
atg tcc 960Leu Lys Phe Tyr Trp Met Glu His Asp Gly Gly Ser Phe Leu
Met Ser305 310 315 320aaa gtg gac caa gat ctc att atg act cag aaa
aag gtt gtg gtt cac 1008Lys Val Asp Gln Asp Leu Ile Met Thr Gln Lys
Lys Val Val Val His 325 330 335ctt gaa act att cta gga gcc tca gtt
caa cat gtt aaa ctg aag aaa 1056Leu Glu Thr Ile Leu Gly Ala Ser Val
Gln His Val Lys Leu Lys Lys 340 345 350atg aag tac tct ttt cag ttg
tgg atc gca atg atg tca gca aag gga 1104Met Lys Tyr Ser Phe Gln Leu
Trp Ile Ala Met Met Ser Ala Lys Gly 355 360 365cat gat ggg aag gaa
cct gtg aaa ttt gta gat ttg ctt ggt gac cat 1152His Asp Gly Lys Glu
Pro Val Lys Phe Val Asp Leu Leu Gly Asp His 370 375 380ggg aaa cat
gtc agt cct ctg tgg gag ttg atc aaa tgg tgc ctg ggt 1200Gly Lys His
Val Ser Pro Leu Trp Glu Leu Ile Lys Trp Cys Leu Gly385 390 395
400ctg tca gtg tac acc atc cct tcc att gga ctg gct ttg ttg gaa gaa
1248Leu Ser Val Tyr Thr Ile Pro Ser Ile Gly Leu Ala Leu Leu Glu Glu
405 410 415aag ctc aga tat agc aat gag aaa tac caa aag ttt aag gca
gtg gaa 1296Lys Leu Arg Tyr Ser Asn Glu Lys Tyr Gln Lys Phe Lys Ala
Val Glu 420 425 430gaa agc ctg cgt aaa gag ctg gtg gat atg cta ggt
gat gat ggt gtg 1344Glu Ser Leu Arg Lys Glu Leu Val Asp Met Leu Gly
Asp Asp Gly Val 435 440 445ttc tta tat ccc tca cat ccc aca gtg gca
cct aag cat cat gtc cct 1392Phe Leu Tyr Pro Ser His Pro Thr Val Ala
Pro Lys His His Val Pro 450 455 460cta aca cgg ccc ttc aac ttt gct
tac aca ggt gtc ttc agt gcc ctg 1440Leu Thr Arg Pro Phe Asn Phe Ala
Tyr Thr Gly Val Phe Ser Ala Leu465 470 475 480ggt ttg cct gtg acc
caa tgc cca ctg gga ctg aat gcc aaa gga ctc 1488Gly Leu Pro Val Thr
Gln Cys Pro Leu Gly Leu Asn Ala Lys Gly Leu 485 490 495cct tta ggc
atc cag gtt gtg gct gga ccc ttt aat gat cat ctg acc 1536Pro Leu Gly
Ile Gln Val Val Ala Gly Pro Phe Asn Asp His Leu Thr 500 505 510ctg
gct gtg gcc cag tac ttg gag aaa act ttt ggg ggc tgg gtc tgt 1584Leu
Ala Val Ala Gln Tyr Leu Glu Lys Thr Phe Gly Gly Trp Val Cys 515 520
525cca gga aag ttt tag 1599Pro Gly Lys Phe * 53064218PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 64Glu Leu Val Glu Ala Phe Leu
Ala Arg Ile Glu Ala Ala Asn Pro Lys1 5 10 15Leu Asn Val Thr Ala Phe
Val Thr Val Phe Phe Glu Glu Ala Leu Ala 20 25 30Ala Ala Lys Ala Ala
Asp Lys Arg Arg Ala Arg Lys Arg Gly Gly Glu 35 40 45Lys Gly Pro Leu
His Gly Val Pro Ile Ala Leu Lys Asp Asn Ile Asp 50 55 60Val Lys Gly
Val Pro Thr Thr Ala Gly Ser Lys Ala Leu Glu Gly Tyr65 70 75 80Pro
Pro Pro Tyr Asp Ala Thr Val Val Glu Arg Leu Arg Ala Ala Gly 85 90
95Ala Val Ile Leu Gly Lys Thr Asn Met Asp Glu Phe Ala Met Gly Ser
100 105 110Thr Thr Glu Asn Ser Ala Phe Gly Pro Thr Arg Asn Pro Trp
Asp Leu 115 120 125Ser Arg Thr Pro Gly Gly Ser Ser Gly Gly Ser Ala
Ala Ala Val Ala 130 135 140Ala Gly Leu Val Pro Leu Ala Ile Gly Thr
Asp Thr Gly Gly Ser Ile145 150 155 160Arg Ile Pro Ala Ala Phe Cys
Gly Leu Val Gly Leu Lys Pro Thr Tyr 165 170 175Gly Arg Val Ser Arg
Tyr Gly Val Val Gly Ser Val Glu Pro Leu Ser 180 185 190Ser Ser Leu
Asp Gln Val Gly Pro Leu Ala Arg Ser Val Glu Asp Ala 195 200 205Ala
Leu Leu Leu Asp Val Ile Ala Gly Tyr 210 21565127PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 65Gly Tyr Ser Asp Ala Tyr Glu
Tyr Leu Lys Ala Gln Lys Val Arg Arg1 5 10 15Leu Leu Arg Arg Glu Phe
Asp Gly Leu Phe Glu Glu His Gly Val Asp 20 25 30Val Leu Ile Ser Pro
Thr Thr Pro Thr Pro Ala Pro Arg Ile Gly Glu 35 40 45Pro Asp Lys Leu
Ile Ser Glu Ala Asp Asp Tyr Thr Val Leu Tyr Leu 50 55 60Leu Asp Asp
Phe Thr Ala Asn Thr Val Pro Ala Asn Leu Ala Gly Leu65 70 75 80Pro
Ala Ile Ser Val Pro Val Gly Phe Ser Pro Glu Asp Ser Trp Asp 85 90
95Ala Leu Val Lys Glu Tyr Leu Pro Glu Gly Tyr Val Gly Leu Pro Val
100 105 110Gly Leu Gln Ile Ile Gly Lys Pro Gly Asp Glu Glu Thr Leu
Leu 115 120 1256622PRTArtificial SequenceAmidase signature motif
66Gly Xaa Ser Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa1
5 10 15Ser Xaa Arg Xaa Pro Xaa 20671816DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(84)...(1436) 67cacgcgtccg
ggggccttgg aggcccagcc cgcgcggcga cgtctccgcg tggcgtcacg 60gcaccgactg
acggccaccc acc atg gcc gca gac cag cgc ccg aag gcc gac 113 Met Ala
Ala Asp Gln Arg Pro Lys Ala Asp 1 5 10acg ctg gcc ctg agg caa cgg
ctc atc agc tct tcc tgc aga ccc ttt 161Thr Leu Ala Leu Arg Gln Arg
Leu Ile Ser Ser Ser Cys Arg Pro Phe 15 20 25ttt ccc gag gat cct gtt
aag att gtc cgg gcc caa ggg cag tac atg 209Phe Pro Glu Asp Pro Val
Lys Ile Val Arg Ala Gln Gly Gln Tyr Met 30 35 40tac gat gaa cag ggg
gca gaa tac atc gat tgc atc agc aat gtg gcg 257Tyr Asp Glu Gln Gly
Ala Glu Tyr Ile Asp Cys Ile Ser Asn Val Ala 45 50 55cac gtt ggg cac
tgc cac cct ctc gtg gtc caa gca gca cat gag cag 305His Val Gly His
Cys His Pro Leu Val Val Gln Ala Ala His Glu Gln 60 65 70aac cag gtg
ctc aac acc aac agc cgg tac ctg cat gac aac atc gtg 353Asn Gln Val
Leu Asn Thr Asn Ser Arg Tyr Leu His Asp Asn Ile Val 75 80 85 90gac
tat gcg cag agg ctg tca gag acc ctg ccg gag cag ctc tgt gtg 401Asp
Tyr Ala Gln Arg Leu Ser Glu Thr Leu Pro Glu Gln Leu Cys Val 95 100
105ttc tat ttc ctg aat tct ggg tca gaa gcc aat gac ctg gcc ctg agg
449Phe Tyr Phe Leu Asn Ser Gly Ser Glu Ala Asn Asp Leu Ala Leu Arg
110 115 120ctg gct cgc cac tac acg gga cac cag gac gtg gtg gta tta
gat cat 497Leu Ala Arg His Tyr Thr Gly His Gln Asp Val Val Val Leu
Asp His 125 130 135gcg tat cac ggc cac ctg agc tcc ctg att gac atc
agt ccc tac aag 545Ala Tyr His Gly His Leu Ser Ser Leu Ile Asp Ile
Ser Pro Tyr Lys 140 145 150ttc cgc aac ctg gat ggc cag aag gag tgg
gtc cac gtg gca cct ctc 593Phe Arg Asn Leu Asp Gly Gln Lys Glu Trp
Val His Val Ala Pro Leu155 160 165 170cca gac acc tac cgg ggc ccc
tac cgg gag gac cac ccc aac cca gct 641Pro Asp Thr Tyr Arg Gly Pro
Tyr Arg Glu Asp His Pro Asn Pro Ala 175 180 185atg gcc tat gcc aac
gag gtg aaa cgt gtg gtc agc agt gca cag gag 689Met Ala Tyr Ala Asn
Glu Val Lys Arg Val Val Ser Ser Ala Gln Glu 190 195 200aag ggc agg
aag att gca gcc ttc ttc gct gag tct ctg ccc agt gtg 737Lys Gly Arg
Lys Ile Ala Ala Phe Phe Ala Glu Ser Leu Pro Ser Val 205 210 215gga
ggg cag atc att ccc cct gct ggc tac ttc tcc caa gtg gca gag 785Gly
Gly Gln Ile Ile Pro Pro Ala Gly Tyr Phe Ser Gln Val Ala Glu 220 225
230cac atc cgc aag gcc gga ggg gtc ttt gtt gca gat gag atc cag gtt
833His Ile Arg Lys Ala Gly Gly Val Phe Val Ala Asp Glu Ile Gln
Val235 240 245 250ggc ttt ggc cgg gta ggc aag cac ttc tgg gcc ttc
cag ctc cag gga 881Gly Phe Gly Arg Val Gly Lys His Phe Trp Ala Phe
Gln Leu Gln Gly 255 260 265aaa gac ttc gtc cct gac atc gtc acc atg
ggc aag tcc att ggc aac 929Lys Asp Phe Val Pro Asp Ile Val Thr Met
Gly Lys Ser Ile Gly Asn 270 275 280ggc cac cct gtt gcc tgc gtg gcc
gca acc cag cct gtg gcg agg gca 977Gly His Pro Val Ala Cys Val Ala
Ala Thr Gln Pro Val Ala Arg Ala 285 290 295ttt gaa gcc acc ggc gtt
gag tac ttc aac acg ttt ggg ggc agc cca 1025Phe Glu Ala Thr Gly Val
Glu Tyr Phe Asn Thr Phe Gly Gly Ser Pro 300 305 310gtg tcc tgc gct
gtg ggg ctg gcc gtc ctg aat gtc ttg gag aag gag 1073Val Ser Cys Ala
Val Gly Leu Ala Val Leu Asn Val Leu Glu Lys Glu315 320 325 330cag
ctc cag gat cat gcc acc agt gta ggc agc ttc ctg atg cag ctc 1121Gln
Leu Gln Asp His Ala Thr Ser Val Gly Ser Phe Leu Met Gln Leu 335 340
345ctc ggg cag caa aaa atc aaa cat ccc atc gtc ggg gat gtc agg ggt
1169Leu Gly Gln Gln Lys Ile Lys His Pro Ile Val Gly Asp Val Arg Gly
350 355 360gtt ggg ctc ttc att ggt gtg gat ctg atc aaa gat gag gcc
aca agg 1217Val Gly Leu Phe Ile Gly Val Asp Leu Ile Lys Asp Glu Ala
Thr Arg 365 370 375aca cca gca act gaa gag gct gcc tac ttg gta tca
agg ctg aag gag 1265Thr Pro Ala Thr Glu Glu Ala Ala Tyr Leu Val Ser
Arg Leu Lys Glu 380 385 390aac tac gtt ttg ctg agc act gat ggc cct
ggg agg aac atc ctg aag 1313Asn Tyr Val Leu Leu Ser Thr Asp Gly Pro
Gly Arg Asn Ile Leu Lys395 400 405 410ttt aag ccc cca atg tgc ttc
agc ctg gac aat gca cgg cag gtg gtg 1361Phe Lys Pro Pro Met Cys Phe
Ser Leu Asp Asn Ala Arg Gln Val Val 415 420 425gca aag ctg gat gcc
att ctg act gac atg gaa gag aag gtg aga agt 1409Ala Lys Leu Asp Ala
Ile Leu Thr Asp Met Glu Glu Lys Val Arg Ser 430 435 440tgt gaa acg
ctg agg ctc cag ccc taa gccagccctg ctctgcctaa 1456Cys Glu Thr Leu
Arg Leu Gln Pro * 445 450gtgtactcca gaagaaactc atctcatcca
aatacacgct attgagaagg cgagcctgac 1516ctccctctta cagataaagt
cagctttcag aggctcaggg tgggggggcc tgcccgaggc 1576cataatgcta
cccaccccct cctcctaacc actggtctgt tggaataacc cagatgtctg
1636catcccctca agtcagtcaa tttcctttct gtccactggg ggtggaatgg
ggtagggtgg 1696gatactttaa agtgctcctg cttaaataaa ttagaccaga
ccagtgtatt tctaaagaaa 1756atcctgacat gcacacccat taaaaatagt
acattttaca gtgaaaaaaa aaaaaaaagg 181668450PRTHomo sapiens 68Met Ala
Ala Asp Gln Arg Pro Lys Ala Asp Thr Leu Ala Leu Arg Gln1 5 10 15Arg
Leu Ile Ser Ser Ser Cys Arg Pro Phe Phe Pro Glu Asp Pro Val 20 25
30Lys Ile Val Arg Ala Gln Gly Gln Tyr Met Tyr Asp Glu Gln Gly Ala
35 40 45Glu Tyr Ile Asp Cys Ile Ser Asn Val Ala His Val Gly His Cys
His 50 55 60Pro Leu Val Val Gln Ala Ala His Glu Gln Asn Gln Val Leu
Asn Thr65 70 75 80Asn Ser Arg Tyr Leu His Asp Asn Ile Val Asp Tyr
Ala Gln Arg Leu 85 90 95Ser Glu Thr Leu Pro Glu Gln Leu Cys Val Phe
Tyr Phe Leu Asn Ser 100 105 110Gly Ser Glu Ala Asn Asp Leu Ala Leu
Arg Leu Ala Arg His Tyr Thr 115 120 125Gly His Gln Asp Val Val Val
Leu Asp His Ala Tyr His Gly His Leu 130 135 140Ser Ser Leu Ile Asp
Ile Ser Pro Tyr Lys Phe Arg Asn Leu Asp Gly145 150 155 160Gln Lys
Glu Trp Val His Val Ala Pro Leu Pro Asp Thr Tyr Arg Gly 165 170
175Pro Tyr Arg Glu Asp His Pro Asn Pro Ala Met Ala Tyr Ala Asn Glu
180 185 190Val Lys Arg Val Val Ser Ser Ala Gln Glu Lys Gly Arg Lys
Ile Ala 195 200 205Ala Phe Phe Ala Glu Ser Leu Pro Ser Val Gly Gly
Gln Ile Ile Pro 210 215 220Pro Ala Gly Tyr Phe Ser Gln Val Ala Glu
His Ile Arg Lys Ala Gly225 230 235 240Gly Val Phe Val Ala Asp Glu
Ile Gln Val Gly Phe Gly Arg Val Gly 245 250 255Lys His Phe Trp Ala
Phe Gln Leu Gln Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Pro Asp 260 265 270Ile Val Thr
Met Gly Lys Ser Ile Gly Asn Gly His Pro Val Ala Cys 275 280 285Val
Ala Ala Thr Gln Pro Val Ala Arg Ala Phe Glu Ala Thr Gly Val 290 295
300Glu Tyr Phe Asn Thr Phe Gly Gly Ser Pro Val Ser Cys Ala Val
Gly305 310 315 320Leu Ala Val Leu Asn Val Leu Glu Lys Glu Gln Leu
Gln Asp His Ala 325 330 335Thr Ser Val Gly Ser Phe Leu Met Gln Leu
Leu Gly Gln Gln Lys Ile 340 345 350Lys His Pro Ile Val Gly Asp Val
Arg Gly Val Gly Leu Phe Ile Gly 355 360 365Val Asp Leu Ile Lys Asp
Glu Ala Thr Arg Thr Pro Ala Thr Glu Glu 370 375 380Ala Ala Tyr Leu
Val Ser Arg Leu Lys Glu Asn Tyr Val Leu Leu Ser385 390 395 400Thr
Asp Gly Pro Gly Arg Asn Ile Leu Lys Phe Lys Pro Pro Met Cys 405 410
415Phe Ser Leu Asp Asn Ala Arg Gln Val Val Ala Lys Leu Asp Ala Ile
420 425 430Leu Thr Asp Met Glu Glu Lys Val Arg Ser Cys Glu Thr Leu
Arg Leu 435 440 445Gln Pro 450691353DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(1353)
69atg gcc gca gac cag cgc ccg aag gcc gac acg ctg gcc ctg agg caa
48Met Ala Ala Asp Gln Arg Pro Lys Ala Asp Thr Leu Ala Leu Arg Gln 1
5 10 15cgg ctc atc agc tct tcc tgc aga ccc ttt ttt ccc gag gat cct
gtt 96Arg Leu Ile Ser Ser Ser Cys Arg Pro Phe Phe Pro Glu Asp Pro
Val 20 25 30aag att gtc cgg gcc caa ggg cag tac atg tac gat gaa cag
ggg gca 144Lys Ile Val Arg Ala Gln Gly Gln Tyr Met Tyr Asp Glu Gln
Gly Ala 35 40 45gaa tac atc gat tgc atc agc aat gtg gcg cac gtt ggg
cac tgc cac 192Glu Tyr Ile Asp Cys Ile Ser Asn Val Ala His Val Gly
His Cys His 50 55 60cct ctc gtg gtc caa gca gca cat gag cag aac cag
gtg ctc aac acc 240Pro Leu Val Val Gln Ala Ala His Glu Gln Asn Gln
Val Leu Asn Thr 65 70 75 80aac agc cgg tac ctg cat gac aac atc gtg
gac tat gcg cag agg ctg 288Asn Ser Arg Tyr Leu His Asp Asn Ile Val
Asp Tyr Ala Gln Arg Leu 85 90 95tca gag acc ctg ccg gag cag ctc tgt
gtg ttc tat ttc ctg aat tct 336Ser Glu Thr Leu Pro Glu Gln Leu Cys
Val Phe Tyr Phe Leu Asn Ser 100 105 110ggg tca gaa gcc aat gac ctg
gcc ctg agg ctg gct cgc cac tac acg 384Gly Ser Glu Ala Asn Asp Leu
Ala Leu Arg Leu Ala Arg His Tyr Thr 115 120 125gga cac cag gac gtg
gtg gta tta gat cat gcg tat cac ggc cac ctg 432Gly His Gln Asp Val
Val Val Leu Asp His Ala Tyr His Gly His Leu 130 135 140agc tcc ctg
att gac atc agt ccc tac aag ttc cgc aac ctg gat ggc 480Ser Ser Leu
Ile Asp Ile Ser Pro Tyr Lys Phe Arg Asn Leu Asp Gly145 150 155
160cag aag gag tgg gtc cac gtg gca cct ctc cca gac acc tac cgg ggc
528Gln Lys Glu Trp Val His Val Ala Pro Leu Pro Asp Thr Tyr Arg Gly
165 170 175ccc tac cgg gag gac cac ccc aac cca gct atg gcc tat gcc
aac gag 576Pro Tyr Arg Glu Asp His Pro Asn Pro Ala Met Ala Tyr Ala
Asn Glu 180 185 190gtg aaa cgt gtg gtc agc agt gca cag gag aag ggc
agg aag att gca 624Val Lys Arg Val Val Ser Ser Ala Gln Glu Lys Gly
Arg Lys Ile Ala 195 200 205gcc ttc ttc gct gag tct ctg ccc agt gtg
gga ggg cag atc att ccc 672Ala Phe Phe Ala Glu Ser Leu Pro Ser Val
Gly Gly Gln Ile Ile Pro 210 215 220cct gct ggc tac ttc tcc caa gtg
gca gag cac atc cgc aag gcc gga 720Pro Ala Gly Tyr Phe Ser Gln Val
Ala Glu His Ile Arg Lys Ala Gly225 230 235 240ggg gtc ttt gtt gca
gat gag atc cag gtt ggc ttt ggc cgg gta ggc 768Gly Val Phe Val Ala
Asp Glu Ile Gln Val Gly Phe Gly Arg Val Gly 245 250 255aag cac ttc
tgg gcc ttc cag ctc cag gga aaa gac ttc gtc cct gac 816Lys His Phe
Trp Ala Phe Gln Leu Gln Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Pro Asp 260 265 270atc
gtc acc atg ggc aag tcc att ggc aac ggc cac cct gtt gcc tgc 864Ile
Val Thr Met Gly Lys Ser Ile Gly Asn Gly His Pro Val Ala Cys 275 280
285gtg gcc gca acc cag cct gtg gcg agg gca ttt gaa gcc acc ggc gtt
912Val Ala Ala Thr Gln Pro Val Ala Arg Ala Phe Glu Ala Thr Gly Val
290 295 300gag tac ttc aac acg ttt ggg ggc agc cca gtg tcc tgc gct
gtg ggg 960Glu Tyr Phe Asn Thr Phe Gly Gly Ser Pro Val Ser Cys Ala
Val Gly305 310 315 320ctg gcc gtc ctg aat gtc ttg gag aag gag cag
ctc cag gat cat gcc 1008Leu Ala Val Leu Asn Val Leu Glu Lys Glu Gln
Leu Gln Asp His Ala 325 330 335acc agt gta ggc agc ttc ctg atg cag
ctc ctc ggg cag caa aaa atc 1056Thr Ser Val Gly Ser Phe Leu Met Gln
Leu Leu Gly Gln Gln Lys Ile 340 345 350aaa cat ccc atc gtc ggg gat
gtc agg ggt gtt ggg ctc ttc att ggt 1104Lys His Pro Ile Val Gly Asp
Val Arg Gly Val Gly Leu Phe Ile Gly 355 360 365gtg gat ctg atc aaa
gat gag gcc aca agg aca cca gca act gaa gag 1152Val Asp Leu Ile Lys
Asp Glu Ala Thr Arg Thr Pro Ala Thr Glu Glu 370 375 380gct gcc tac
ttg gta tca agg ctg aag gag aac tac gtt ttg ctg agc 1200Ala Ala Tyr
Leu Val Ser Arg Leu Lys Glu Asn Tyr Val Leu Leu Ser385 390 395
400act gat ggc cct ggg agg aac atc ctg aag ttt aag ccc cca atg tgc
1248Thr Asp Gly Pro Gly Arg Asn Ile Leu Lys Phe Lys Pro Pro Met Cys
405 410 415ttc agc ctg gac aat gca cgg cag gtg gtg gca aag ctg gat
gcc att 1296Phe Ser Leu Asp Asn Ala Arg Gln Val Val Ala Lys Leu Asp
Ala Ile 420 425 430ctg act gac atg gaa gag aag gtg aga agt tgt gaa
acg ctg agg ctc 1344Leu Thr Asp Met Glu Glu Lys Val Arg Ser Cys Glu
Thr Leu Arg Leu 435 440 445cag ccc taa 1353Gln Pro *
45070483PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 70Ser
Val Ala Arg Gly Asn Tyr Gly Pro Leu Pro Val Leu Ile Thr Arg1 5 10
15Ala Lys Gly Val Trp Leu Thr Asp Val Asp Gly Arg Glu Tyr Leu Asp
20 25 30Phe Leu Ser Gly Ile Ala Val Ala Asn Leu Gly His Cys His Pro
Lys 35 40 45Val Val Gln Ala Val Lys Glu Gln Ala Asp Lys Leu Thr His
Thr Ser 50 55 60Arg Ala Phe Leu Thr His Glu Pro Ala Leu Asp Phe Val
Glu Lys Leu65 70 75 80Ala Glu Lys Leu Ala Ser Leu Thr Pro Gly Asp
Gly Leu Asp Arg Val 85 90 95Phe Phe Met Asn Ser Gly Ser Glu Ala Asn
Glu Thr Ala Leu Lys Leu 100 105 110Ala Arg Ala Tyr Ala Arg Gln Lys
Gly Lys Val Pro Glu Lys Phe Ser 115 120 125Glu Glu Leu Glu Ser Met
Leu Asn Gln Pro Gly Thr Gly Lys Thr Lys 130 135 140Ile Ile Ala Phe
Ser Gly Ala Phe His Gly Arg Thr Leu Gly Ala Leu145 150 155 160Ser
Val Thr Gly Ser Lys Lys Gly Tyr Arg Lys Leu Phe Gly Pro Leu 165 170
175Leu Pro Gly Val Val Tyr Ala Ala Ala Asp Thr Leu Phe Ala Pro Tyr
180 185 190Asn Asp Pro Ser Leu Tyr Arg Pro Pro Phe Glu Glu Gly Lys
Glu Asn 195 200 205Ala Ser Glu Gly Leu Glu Ala Lys Leu Glu Glu Ala
Leu Glu Asp Leu 210 215 220Ile Glu Glu Tyr Lys Lys Lys Asp Asp Glu
Ile Ala Ala Val Ile Val225 230 235 240Glu Pro Ile Val Gln Gly Glu
Gly Gly Val Ile Pro Pro Pro Pro Gly 245 250 255Phe Leu Ala Gly Leu
Arg Glu Leu Cys Lys Lys His Gly Val Leu Leu 260 265 270Ile Ala Asp
Glu Val Gln Thr Gly Phe Gly Arg Thr Gly Lys Leu Phe 275 280 285Ala
Cys Glu His Xaa Xaa Xaa Asp Gly Val Thr Pro Pro Asp Ile Met 290 295
300Thr Leu Ala Lys Ala Leu Gly Gly Gly Val Leu Pro Leu Ala Ala
Val305 310 315 320Ile Gly Arg Ala Glu Ile Met Gln Ala Phe Phe Asp
Ala Pro Gly Gly 325 330 335Glu Ala Lys Pro Phe Leu His Gly Thr Thr
Phe Gly Gly Asn Pro Leu 340 345 350Ala Cys Ala Ala Ala Leu Ala Thr
Leu Lys Val Leu Glu Glu Glu Asn 355 360 365Leu Leu Gln Asn Ala Gln
Glu Lys Gly Asp Tyr Leu Arg Lys Gly Leu 370 375 380Leu Glu Leu Ala
Lys Lys Tyr Pro Asp Val Ile Gly Asp Val Arg Gly385 390 395 400Lys
Gly Leu Met Ile Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Glu Asp Arg Val Thr Lys 405 410
415Glu Pro Ala Ala Lys Pro Ser Asp Glu Glu Leu Val Ala Asp Ile Ile
420 425 430Lys Ala Ala Leu Glu Lys Gly Leu Leu Ile Leu Pro Ala Gly
Tyr Val 435 440 445Arg Asn Gly Gly Asn Val Ile Arg Phe Ala Pro Pro
Leu Thr Ile Thr 450 455 460Asp Glu Glu Ile Asp Glu Gly Leu
Asp Ala Leu Lys Lys Ala Leu Ala465 470 475 480Lys Ala
Leu71166PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 71Tyr
Leu His His Glu Ile His Asp Tyr Ala Glu Arg Leu Thr Ala Lys1 5 10
15Met Pro Gly Pro Leu Lys Val Val Phe Phe Val Asn Ser Gly Ser Glu
20 25 30Ala Asn Asp Leu Ala Met Met Met Ala Arg Asn Tyr Thr Gly His
Gln 35 40 45Asp Val Ile Ser Leu Arg Asn Ala Tyr His Gly Met Ser Pro
Thr Thr 50 55 60Met Gly Leu Thr Asn Leu Gly Thr Trp Lys Tyr Pro Xaa
Leu Pro Gly65 70 75 80Val Gln Ser Gly Ile His His Val Met Asn Pro
Asp Pro Tyr Arg Gly 85 90 95Ile Trp Gly Ser Asp Gly Glu Lys Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Tyr Ala Lys Asp 100 105 110Val Gln Xaa Thr Phe Lys Tyr Tyr
Gly Pro Arg Gly Xaa Lys Val Ala 115 120 125Ala Phe Ile Ala Glu Ser
Ile Gln Gly Val Gly Gly Thr Val Gln Leu 130 135 140Pro Pro Gly Tyr
Leu Lys Ala Val Tyr Asp Ile Val Arg Ser Ala Gly145 150 155 160Gly
Val Cys Ile Ala Asp 1657257PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 72Ser Thr Tyr Gly Gly Asn Pro Leu Ala Cys Ala
Ala Ala Leu Ala Thr1 5 10 15Leu Glu Ile Ile Glu Glu Glu Asn Leu Val
Glu Arg Ala Gln Glu Leu 20 25 30Gly Glu Tyr Leu Arg Glu Arg Leu Leu
Glu Met Gln Glu Glu His His 35 40 45Pro Ile Val Gly Asp Val Arg Thr
Val 50 55731971DNAHomo sapiensmisc_feature(1)...(1971)n = A,T,C or
G 73nnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnn nnaccaggac cgctcggcgn nnnnnnnnnn
nnnnnnnnnn 60nnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnc nncatggccg cggacacggc gccnnaaggc
cgtcactctg 120gacctgagac gtcggctgct cagctcttcc tgcagactct
tttttcctga ggatcctgtt 180aagattatcc gaggccaagg gcagtacctg
tacgatgagc aagggcgaga gtacctggac 240tgtatcaaca acgtggctca
tgttgggcac tgccacccta ccgtggtcca agccgcacat 300gaacagaacc
tagtgctcaa caccaacagc cgctacctgc atggcaacat cgtggactat
360gcccagaggc tgtcggagac cctgccggag cagctctctg tgttttactt
cttgaattct 420gggtcagaag ccaacgacct ggccttgaga ctagctcgac
agtacacggg acaccaggat 480gtggtggtat tagaccatgc ttatcatggt
cacctgagct ccctgatcga catcagtccc 540tacaagttcc ggaatctggg
tggccagaag gaatgggtcc atgtggctcc tctcccagac 600acctaccggg
gcccttacag ggaggaccac cccaacccag cagaggccta tgccaacgag
660gtgaagcacg tcatcagcag tgcacagcag aagggcagga agatcgcagc
cttcttcgct 720gagtctctgc ccagtgtgag tggacagatc attcctcctg
ctggctactt ctcccaggtg 780gctgagcaca tccacagagc tccgcaaggc
cggagggctc tttgtggcag atgagatcca 840ggttggtttt ggccgcatag
gcaagcactt ttgggccttc cagctggagg gagaagactt 900tgttcccgac
attgtcacca tgggcaagtc catcggcaat ggtcaccctg ttgcctgcat
960ggccactacc caagctgtgt caagggcatt tgaagctacc ggtgtagaat
acttcaacac 1020gtttggtggc aaccccgtat cctgtgctgt ggggctagca
gtcctagatg tcttgaaaac 1080agaacagctc caggctcacg ccactaatgt
ccaccagtgt gggcagtttc cttctggagc 1140acctcaccca gcagaaagcc
aagcacccta tcattggaga tgtcaggggc actggactct 1200tcatcggtgt
ggatctcatc aaagatgaga ccctgaggac accagcaact gaagaggcgg
1260aatatttggt ctccaggcta aaggaaaact acattttact gagcattgat
ggccctggaa 1320agaatattct gaagttcaag cccccaatgt gcttcaacgt
tgacaatgca caacatgtgg 1380tagcaaagct ggatgacatt ctaacagaca
tggaagaaaa agtaagaagt tgtgagaccc 1440tgaggatcaa gcnnnacnnn
nnncccnnnn nnnnnnnnnn nnnnccagaa gatactcatc 1500ctactcaaat
actcnctaac aagacagcaa gattgacacc caccttacag ataaaacaag
1560ntgtgtgagg cttcactgga ttggtgaact actgatnnag gctttatttc
taaatcaaaa 1620caagacccag tcagactttt atgcctgaaa actttgagga
tggtgtacat gcttcaaaag 1680aacatgtttt aaagacagac ctgacatact
cccattttta aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaggtaa 1740aaaatgagct ggccatggca
catgccttta gtctcatctc actgggaggt agaaacaggc 1800agannnnnnn
actcttaagt ttgagaccag cctggttttg tatagggcag ccagggcagc
1860agtagggtga tctctcaaaa gggggtggaa agataaactt tatctnnnct
ccctatcaag 1920ctatgacttt tatttcatct gaattaaaga cactgaataa
tttgagtatt t 1971741951DNAHomo sapiensmisc_feature(1)...(1952)n =
A,T,C or G 74nnnnnnnnnn nnnnnnnnnn nnnnnncgcc cgcgcggcga cgtctccgcg
aggcgtcacg 60gcaccgactg acggccaccc accatggccg cagacncagc gcccgaaggc
cgacaccctg 120gccctgaggc aacggctcat cagctcttcc tgcagactct
tttttcccga ggatcctgtt 180aagattgtcc gggcccaagg gcagtacatg
tacgatgaac agggggcaga atacatcgat 240tgcatcagca atgtggcgca
cgttgggcac tgccaccctc tcgtggtcca agcagcacat 300gagcagaacc
aggtgctcaa caccaacagc cggtacctgc atgacaacat cgtggactat
360gcgcagaggc tgtcagagac cctgccggag cagctctgtg tgttctattt
cctgaattct 420gggtcagaag ccaatgacct ggccctgagg ctggctcgcc
actacacggg acaccaggac 480gtggtggtat tagatcatgc gtatcacggc
cacctgagct ccctgattga catcagtccc 540tacaagttcc gcaacctgga
tggccagaag gagtgggtcc acgtggcacc tctcccagac 600acctaccggg
gcccctaccg ggaggaccac cccaacccag ctatggccta tgccaacgag
660gtgaaacgtg tggtcagcag tgcacaggag aagggcagga agattgcagc
cttcttcgct 720gagtctctgc ccagtgtggg agggcagatc attccccctg
ctggctactt ctcccaagtg 780gcagagcaca tccgcaaggc cggaggggtc
tttgttgcag atgagatcca ggttggcttt 840ggccgggtag gcaagcactt
ctgggccttc cagctccagg gaaaagactt cgtccctgac 900atcgtcacca
tgggcaagtc cattggcaac ggccaccctg ttgcctgcgt ggccgcaacc
960cagcctgtgg cgagggcatt tgaagccacc ggcgttgagt acttcaacac
gtttgggggc 1020agcccagtgt cctgcgctgt ggggctggcc gtcctgaatg
tcttggagaa ggagcagctc 1080caggatcatg ccaccagtgt aggcagcttc
ctgatgcagc tcctcgggca gcaaaaaatc 1140aaacatccca tcgtcgggga
tgtcaggggt gttgggctct tcattggtgt ggatctgatc 1200aaagatgagg
ccacaaggac accagcaact gaagaggctg cctacttggt atcaaggctg
1260aaggagaact acgttttgct gagcactgat ggccctggga ggaacatcct
gaagtttaag 1320cccccaatgt gcttcagcct ggacaatgca cggcaggtgg
tggcaaagct ggatgccatt 1380ctgactgaca tggaagagaa ggtgagaagt
tgtgaaacgc tgaggctcca gccctaagcc 1440agccctgctc tgcctaagtg
tactccagaa gaaactcatc tcatccaaat acacgctatt 1500gagaaggcga
gcctgacctc cctcttacag ataaagtcag ctttcagagg ctnnncaggg
1560tgggggggcn nctgcccgag gccataatgc tannnnnnnn nnnnncccac
cccctcctnn 1620nnncctaacc actgnnngtc tgttgganat nnnnnnaacc
cagatgtnnn nnnnnnnnnn 1680ctgncatccc ctcannnnnn nnnnnnnnnn
nnnnagtcag tcaatnnnnn nnnnnnnnnn 1740nnttcctttc ntgtcnnnnc
actgggnggt ggaatggggt agggtgggat actttaaagt 1800gctnnnnnnn
cctgcttaaa taaattagan ccagnnnacc agtnnngtna tttctnnnnn
1860nnnnnnnnaa agaaaatcct gacatgcaca cccattaaaa atagtacatt
tnntacagnt 1920gaaaaaaaaa aannnaannn nnnnnnnnnn n 195175532PRTHomo
sapiensVARIANT(1)...(9)Xaa = Any amino acid 75Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Met Phe Ser Lys Leu Ala His1 5 10 15Leu Gln Arg Phe
Ala Val Leu Ser Arg Gly Val His Ser Ser Val Ala 20 25 30Ser Ala Thr
Ser Val Ala Thr Lys Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys Thr 35 40 45Val Gln
Gly Pro Pro Thr Ser Asp Asp Ile Phe Glu Arg Glu Tyr Lys 50 55 60Tyr
Gly Ala His Asn Tyr His Pro Leu Pro Val Ala Leu Glu Arg Gly65 70 75
80Lys Gly Ile Tyr Leu Trp Asp Val Glu Gly Arg Lys Tyr Phe Asp Phe
85 90 95Leu Ser Ser Tyr Ser Ala Val Asn Gln Gly His Cys His Pro Lys
Ile 100 105 110Val Asn Ala Leu Lys Ser Gln Val Asp Lys Leu Thr Leu
Thr Ser Arg 115 120 125Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Ala Phe Tyr Asn Asn
Val Leu Gly Glu Tyr 130 135 140Glu Glu Tyr Ile Thr Lys Leu Phe Asn
Tyr His Lys Val Leu Pro Xaa145 150 155 160Met Asn Thr Gly Val Glu
Ala Gly Glu Thr Ala Cys Lys Leu Ala Arg 165 170 175Lys Trp Gly Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Tyr Thr Val Lys 180 185 190Gly Ile
Gln Lys Tyr Lys Ala Lys Ile Val Phe Ala Ala Gly Asn Xaa 195 200
205Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Phe Trp Gly Arg Thr Leu Ser Ala Ile Ser Ser Ser
210 215 220Thr Asp Pro Thr Ser Tyr Asp Gly Xaa Phe Gly Pro Phe Met
Pro Gly225 230 235 240Phe Asp Ile Ile Pro Tyr Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 245 250 255Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Asn Asp 260 265 270Leu Pro Ala Leu Glu Arg Ala
Leu Gln Asp Pro Xaa Xaa Asn Val Ala 275 280 285Ala Phe Met Val Glu
Pro Ile Gln Gly Glu Ala Gly Val Val Val Pro 290 295 300Asp Pro Gly
Tyr Leu Met Gly Val Arg Glu Leu Cys Thr Arg His Gln305 310 315
320Val Leu Phe Ile Ala Asp Glu Ile Gln Thr Gly Leu Ala Arg Thr Gly
325 330 335Arg Xaa Xaa Xaa Trp Leu Ala Val Asp Tyr Glu Asn Val Arg
Pro Asp 340 345 350Ile Val Leu Leu Gly Lys Ala Leu Ser Gly Gly Leu
Tyr Pro Val Ser 355 360 365Ala Val Leu Cys Asp Asp Asp Ile Met Leu
Thr Ile Lys Pro Gly Xaa 370 375 380Xaa Glu His Gly Ser Thr Tyr Gly
Gly Asn Pro Leu Gly Cys Arg Val385 390 395 400Ala Ile Ala Ala Leu
Glu Val Leu Glu Glu Glu Asn Leu Ala Glu Asn 405 410 415Ala Asp Lys
Leu Gly Xaa Ile Ile Leu Arg Asn Glu Leu Xaa Xaa Met 420 425 430Lys
Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Val Thr Ala Val Arg Gly Lys Gly Leu Leu 435 440
445Asn Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Ala Ile Val Ile Lys Glu Thr Lys Asp
450 455 460Trp Asp Ala Trp Lys Val Cys Leu Arg Leu Arg Asp Asn Gly
Leu Leu465 470 475 480Ala Lys Pro Thr His Gly Xaa Xaa Asp Ile Ile
Arg Phe Ala Pro Pro 485 490 495Leu Val Ile Lys Glu Asp Glu Leu Arg
Glu Ser Ile Glu Ile Ile Asn 500 505 510Lys Thr Ile Leu Ser Phe Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 515 520 525Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
53076532PRTHomo sapiensVARIANT(378)...(386)Xaa = Any amino acid
76Met Ala Ser Met Leu Leu Ala Gln Arg Leu Ala Cys Ser Phe Gln His1
5 10 15Thr Tyr Arg Leu Leu Val Pro Gly Ser Arg His Ile Ser Gln Ala
Ala 20 25 30Ala Lys Val Asp Val Glu Phe Asp Tyr Asp Gly Pro Leu Met
Lys Thr 35 40 45Glu Val Pro Gly Pro Arg Ser Gln Glu Leu Met Lys Gln
Leu Asn Ile 50 55 60Ile Gln Asn Ala Glu Ala Val His Phe Phe Cys Asn
Tyr Glu Glu Ser65 70 75 80Arg Gly Asn Tyr Leu Val Asp Val Asp Gly
Asn Arg Met Leu Asp Leu 85 90 95Tyr Ser Gln Ile Ser Ser Val Pro Ile
Gly Tyr Ser Asp Pro Ala Leu 100 105 110Val Lys Leu Ile Gln Gln Pro
Gln Asn Ala Ser Met Phe Val Asn Arg 115 120 125Pro Ala Leu Glu Ile
Leu Pro Pro Glu Asn Phe Val Glu Lys Leu Arg 130 135 140Gln Ser Leu
Leu Ser Val Ala Pro Lys Gly Met Ser Gln Leu Ile Thr145 150 155
160Met Ala Cys Gly Ser Cys Ser Asn Glu Asn Ala Leu Lys Thr Ile Phe
165 170 175Met Trp Tyr Arg Ser Lys Glu Arg Gly Gln Arg Gly Phe Ser
Lys Glu 180 185 190Glu Leu Glu Thr Cys Met Ile Asn Gln Ala Pro Trp
Cys Pro Asp Tyr 195 200 205Ser Ile Leu Ser Phe Met Gly Ser Phe His
Gly Arg Thr Met Gly Cys 210 215 220Leu Ala Thr Thr His Ser Lys Ala
Ile His Lys Ile Asp Ile Pro Ser225 230 235 240Phe Asp Trp Pro Ile
Ala Pro Phe Pro Arg Leu Lys Tyr Pro Leu Glu 245 250 255Glu Phe Val
Lys Glu Asn Gln Gln Glu Glu Ala Gly Cys Leu Glu Glu 260 265 270Val
Glu Asp Leu Ile Val Lys Tyr Arg Lys Lys Lys Lys Thr Val Ala 275 280
285Gly Ile Ile Val Glu Pro Ile Gln Ser Glu Gly Gly Asp Asn His Ala
290 295 300Ser Asp Asp Phe Phe Arg Lys Leu Arg Asp Ile Ala Arg Lys
His Cys305 310 315 320Cys Ala Phe Leu Val Asp Glu Val Gln Thr Gly
Gly Gly Cys Thr Gly 325 330 335Lys Phe Trp Ala His Glu His Trp Gly
Leu Asp Asp Pro Ala Asp Val 340 345 350Met Thr Phe Ser Lys Lys Met
Met Thr Gly Gly Phe Phe Leu Lys Glu 355 360 365Glu Phe Arg Pro Asn
Ala Pro Tyr Arg Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 370 375 380Xaa Xaa Ile
Phe Asn Thr Trp Leu Gly Asp Pro Ser Lys Asn Leu Leu385 390 395
400Leu Ala Glu Val Ile Asn Ile Ile Lys Arg Glu Asp Leu Leu Asn Asn
405 410 415Ala Ala His Ala Gly Lys Ala Leu Leu Thr Gly Leu Leu Asp
Leu Gln 420 425 430Ala Arg Tyr Pro Gln Phe Ile Ser Arg Val Arg Gly
Arg Gly Thr Phe 435 440 445Cys Ser Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Phe Asp Thr Pro Asp Asp 450 455 460Ser Ile Arg Asn Lys Leu Ile Leu
Ile Ala Arg Asn Lys Gly Val Val465 470 475 480Leu Gly Gly Cys Gly
Asp Xaa Xaa Lys Ser Ile Arg Phe Arg Pro Thr 485 490 495Leu Val Phe
Arg Asp His His Ala His Leu Phe Leu Asn Ile Phe Ser 500 505 510Asp
Ile Leu Ala Asp Phe Lys Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 515 520
525Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 5307727PRTArtificial SequenceAminotransferase
class III pyridoxal-phosphate attachment site consensus sequence
77Xaa Xaa Xaa Asp Glu Xaa Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Asp1
5 10 15Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 20
25781687DNAHomo sapiensCDS(160)...(1470)misc_feature(1)...(1687)n =
A,T,C or G 78cccacgcgtn cgggcatgtg ggagccacat gctgggtgcc ccagacagcc
taatgctcat 60tctcaggccg ggctttccag cctctaggtg ctgtgctgtc ctgaggcctg
ggccatggtg 120cccaaggaaa gcccctgaag ctcaccagga ggaagaagc atg cag
ggc act cct 174 Met Gln Gly Thr Pro 1 5gga ggc ggg acg cgc cct ggg
cca tcc ccc gtg gac agg cgg acg ctc 222Gly Gly Gly Thr Arg Pro Gly
Pro Ser Pro Val Asp Arg Arg Thr Leu 10 15 20ctg gtc ttc agc ttt atc
ctg gca gca gct ttg ggc caa atg aat ttc 270Leu Val Phe Ser Phe Ile
Leu Ala Ala Ala Leu Gly Gln Met Asn Phe 25 30 35aca ggg gac cag gtt
ctt cga gtc ctg gcc aaa gat gag aag cag ctt 318Thr Gly Asp Gln Val
Leu Arg Val Leu Ala Lys Asp Glu Lys Gln Leu 40 45 50tca ctt ctc ggg
gat ctg gag ggc ctg aaa ccc cag aag gtg gac ttc 366Ser Leu Leu Gly
Asp Leu Glu Gly Leu Lys Pro Gln Lys Val Asp Phe 55 60 65tgg cgt ggc
cca gcc agg ccc agc ctc cct gtg gat atg aga gtt cct 414Trp Arg Gly
Pro Ala Arg Pro Ser Leu Pro Val Asp Met Arg Val Pro 70 75 80 85ttc
tcc gaa ctg aaa gac atc aaa gct tat ctg gag tct cat gga ctt 462Phe
Ser Glu Leu Lys Asp Ile Lys Ala Tyr Leu Glu Ser His Gly Leu 90 95
100gct tac agc atc atg ata aag gac atc cag gtg ctg ctg gat gag gaa
510Ala Tyr Ser Ile Met Ile Lys Asp Ile Gln Val Leu Leu Asp Glu Glu
105 110 115aga cag gcc atg gcg aaa tcc cgc cgg ctg gag cgc agc acc
aac agc 558Arg Gln Ala Met Ala Lys Ser Arg Arg Leu Glu Arg Ser Thr
Asn Ser 120 125 130ttc agt tac tca tca tac cac acc ctg gag gag ata
tat agc tgg att 606Phe Ser Tyr Ser Ser Tyr His Thr Leu Glu Glu Ile
Tyr Ser Trp Ile 135 140 145gac aac ttt gta atg gag cat tcc gat att
gtc tca aaa att cag att 654Asp Asn Phe Val Met Glu His Ser Asp Ile
Val Ser Lys Ile Gln Ile150 155 160 165ggc aac agc ttt gaa aac cag
tcc att ctt gtc ctg aag ttc agc act 702Gly Asn Ser Phe Glu Asn Gln
Ser Ile Leu Val Leu Lys Phe Ser Thr 170 175 180gga ggt tct cgg cac
cca gcc atc tgg atc gac act gga att cac tcc 750Gly Gly Ser Arg His
Pro Ala Ile Trp Ile Asp Thr Gly Ile His Ser 185 190 195cgg gag tgg
atc acc cat gcc acc ggc atc tgg act gcc aat aag att 798Arg Glu Trp
Ile Thr His Ala Thr Gly Ile Trp Thr Ala Asn Lys Ile 200 205 210gtc
agt gat tat ggc aaa gac cgt gtc ctg aca gac ata ctg aat gcc 846Val
Ser Asp Tyr Gly Lys Asp Arg Val Leu Thr Asp Ile Leu Asn Ala 215 220
225atg gac atc ttc ata gag ctc gtc aca aac cct gat ggg ttt gct
ttt
894Met Asp Ile Phe Ile Glu Leu Val Thr Asn Pro Asp Gly Phe Ala
Phe230 235 240 245acc cac agc atg aac cgc tta tgg cgg aag aac aag
tcc atc aga cct 942Thr His Ser Met Asn Arg Leu Trp Arg Lys Asn Lys
Ser Ile Arg Pro 250 255 260gga atc ttc tgc atc ggc gtg gat ctc aac
agg aac tgg aag tcg ggt 990Gly Ile Phe Cys Ile Gly Val Asp Leu Asn
Arg Asn Trp Lys Ser Gly 265 270 275ttt gga gga aat ggt tct aac agc
aac ccc tgc tca gaa act tat cac 1038Phe Gly Gly Asn Gly Ser Asn Ser
Asn Pro Cys Ser Glu Thr Tyr His 280 285 290ggg ccc tcc cct cag tcg
gag tcg gag gtg gct gcc ata gtg aac ttc 1086Gly Pro Ser Pro Gln Ser
Glu Ser Glu Val Ala Ala Ile Val Asn Phe 295 300 305atc aca gcc cat
ggc aac ttc aag gct ctg atc tcc atc cac agc tac 1134Ile Thr Ala His
Gly Asn Phe Lys Ala Leu Ile Ser Ile His Ser Tyr310 315 320 325tct
cag atg ctt atg tac cct tac ggc cga ttg ctg gag ccc gtt tca 1182Ser
Gln Met Leu Met Tyr Pro Tyr Gly Arg Leu Leu Glu Pro Val Ser 330 335
340aat cag agg gag ttg tac gat ctt gcc aag gat gcg gtg gag gcc ttg
1230Asn Gln Arg Glu Leu Tyr Asp Leu Ala Lys Asp Ala Val Glu Ala Leu
345 350 355tat aag gtc cat ggg atc gag tac att ttt ggc agc atc agc
acc acc 1278Tyr Lys Val His Gly Ile Glu Tyr Ile Phe Gly Ser Ile Ser
Thr Thr 360 365 370ctc tat gtg gcc agt ggg atc acc gtc gac tgg gcc
tat gac agt ggc 1326Leu Tyr Val Ala Ser Gly Ile Thr Val Asp Trp Ala
Tyr Asp Ser Gly 375 380 385atc aag tac gcc ttc agc ttt gag ctc cgg
gac act ggg cag tat ggc 1374Ile Lys Tyr Ala Phe Ser Phe Glu Leu Arg
Asp Thr Gly Gln Tyr Gly390 395 400 405ttc ctg ctg ccg gcc aca cag
atc atc ccc acg gcc cag gag acg tgg 1422Phe Leu Leu Pro Ala Thr Gln
Ile Ile Pro Thr Ala Gln Glu Thr Trp 410 415 420atg gcg ctt cgg acc
atc atg gag cac acc ctg aat cac ccc tac tag 1470Met Ala Leu Arg Thr
Ile Met Glu His Thr Leu Asn His Pro Tyr * 425 430 435cagcacgact
gagggcagga ggctccatcc ttctccccaa ggtctgtggc tcctcccgaa
1530acccaagtta tgcatcccca tccccatgcc ctcatcccga cctcttagaa
aataaataca 1590agtttgaaca ggcaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaattgg
cggccgcaag cttattcctt 1650taagtgaggg ttaattttag cttggcactg gccgncg
168779436PRTHomo sapiens 79Met Gln Gly Thr Pro Gly Gly Gly Thr Arg
Pro Gly Pro Ser Pro Val1 5 10 15Asp Arg Arg Thr Leu Leu Val Phe Ser
Phe Ile Leu Ala Ala Ala Leu 20 25 30Gly Gln Met Asn Phe Thr Gly Asp
Gln Val Leu Arg Val Leu Ala Lys 35 40 45Asp Glu Lys Gln Leu Ser Leu
Leu Gly Asp Leu Glu Gly Leu Lys Pro 50 55 60Gln Lys Val Asp Phe Trp
Arg Gly Pro Ala Arg Pro Ser Leu Pro Val65 70 75 80Asp Met Arg Val
Pro Phe Ser Glu Leu Lys Asp Ile Lys Ala Tyr Leu 85 90 95Glu Ser His
Gly Leu Ala Tyr Ser Ile Met Ile Lys Asp Ile Gln Val 100 105 110Leu
Leu Asp Glu Glu Arg Gln Ala Met Ala Lys Ser Arg Arg Leu Glu 115 120
125Arg Ser Thr Asn Ser Phe Ser Tyr Ser Ser Tyr His Thr Leu Glu Glu
130 135 140Ile Tyr Ser Trp Ile Asp Asn Phe Val Met Glu His Ser Asp
Ile Val145 150 155 160Ser Lys Ile Gln Ile Gly Asn Ser Phe Glu Asn
Gln Ser Ile Leu Val 165 170 175Leu Lys Phe Ser Thr Gly Gly Ser Arg
His Pro Ala Ile Trp Ile Asp 180 185 190Thr Gly Ile His Ser Arg Glu
Trp Ile Thr His Ala Thr Gly Ile Trp 195 200 205Thr Ala Asn Lys Ile
Val Ser Asp Tyr Gly Lys Asp Arg Val Leu Thr 210 215 220Asp Ile Leu
Asn Ala Met Asp Ile Phe Ile Glu Leu Val Thr Asn Pro225 230 235
240Asp Gly Phe Ala Phe Thr His Ser Met Asn Arg Leu Trp Arg Lys Asn
245 250 255Lys Ser Ile Arg Pro Gly Ile Phe Cys Ile Gly Val Asp Leu
Asn Arg 260 265 270Asn Trp Lys Ser Gly Phe Gly Gly Asn Gly Ser Asn
Ser Asn Pro Cys 275 280 285Ser Glu Thr Tyr His Gly Pro Ser Pro Gln
Ser Glu Ser Glu Val Ala 290 295 300Ala Ile Val Asn Phe Ile Thr Ala
His Gly Asn Phe Lys Ala Leu Ile305 310 315 320Ser Ile His Ser Tyr
Ser Gln Met Leu Met Tyr Pro Tyr Gly Arg Leu 325 330 335Leu Glu Pro
Val Ser Asn Gln Arg Glu Leu Tyr Asp Leu Ala Lys Asp 340 345 350Ala
Val Glu Ala Leu Tyr Lys Val His Gly Ile Glu Tyr Ile Phe Gly 355 360
365Ser Ile Ser Thr Thr Leu Tyr Val Ala Ser Gly Ile Thr Val Asp Trp
370 375 380Ala Tyr Asp Ser Gly Ile Lys Tyr Ala Phe Ser Phe Glu Leu
Arg Asp385 390 395 400Thr Gly Gln Tyr Gly Phe Leu Leu Pro Ala Thr
Gln Ile Ile Pro Thr 405 410 415Ala Gln Glu Thr Trp Met Ala Leu Arg
Thr Ile Met Glu His Thr Leu 420 425 430Asn His Pro Tyr
435801311DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(1311) 80atg cag ggc act cct gga
ggc ggg acg cgc cct ggg cca tcc ccc gtg 48Met Gln Gly Thr Pro Gly
Gly Gly Thr Arg Pro Gly Pro Ser Pro Val 1 5 10 15gac agg cgg acg
ctc ctg gtc ttc agc ttt atc ctg gca gca gct ttg 96Asp Arg Arg Thr
Leu Leu Val Phe Ser Phe Ile Leu Ala Ala Ala Leu 20 25 30ggc caa atg
aat ttc aca ggg gac cag gtt ctt cga gtc ctg gcc aaa 144Gly Gln Met
Asn Phe Thr Gly Asp Gln Val Leu Arg Val Leu Ala Lys 35 40 45gat gag
aag cag ctt tca ctt ctc ggg gat ctg gag ggc ctg aaa ccc 192Asp Glu
Lys Gln Leu Ser Leu Leu Gly Asp Leu Glu Gly Leu Lys Pro 50 55 60cag
aag gtg gac ttc tgg cgt ggc cca gcc agg ccc agc ctc cct gtg 240Gln
Lys Val Asp Phe Trp Arg Gly Pro Ala Arg Pro Ser Leu Pro Val 65 70
75 80gat atg aga gtt cct ttc tcc gaa ctg aaa gac atc aaa gct tat
ctg 288Asp Met Arg Val Pro Phe Ser Glu Leu Lys Asp Ile Lys Ala Tyr
Leu 85 90 95gag tct cat gga ctt gct tac agc atc atg ata aag gac atc
cag gtg 336Glu Ser His Gly Leu Ala Tyr Ser Ile Met Ile Lys Asp Ile
Gln Val 100 105 110ctg ctg gat gag gaa aga cag gcc atg gcg aaa tcc
cgc cgg ctg gag 384Leu Leu Asp Glu Glu Arg Gln Ala Met Ala Lys Ser
Arg Arg Leu Glu 115 120 125cgc agc acc aac agc ttc agt tac tca tca
tac cac acc ctg gag gag 432Arg Ser Thr Asn Ser Phe Ser Tyr Ser Ser
Tyr His Thr Leu Glu Glu 130 135 140ata tat agc tgg att gac aac ttt
gta atg gag cat tcc gat att gtc 480Ile Tyr Ser Trp Ile Asp Asn Phe
Val Met Glu His Ser Asp Ile Val145 150 155 160tca aaa att cag att
ggc aac agc ttt gaa aac cag tcc att ctt gtc 528Ser Lys Ile Gln Ile
Gly Asn Ser Phe Glu Asn Gln Ser Ile Leu Val 165 170 175ctg aag ttc
agc act gga ggt tct cgg cac cca gcc atc tgg atc gac 576Leu Lys Phe
Ser Thr Gly Gly Ser Arg His Pro Ala Ile Trp Ile Asp 180 185 190act
gga att cac tcc cgg gag tgg atc acc cat gcc acc ggc atc tgg 624Thr
Gly Ile His Ser Arg Glu Trp Ile Thr His Ala Thr Gly Ile Trp 195 200
205act gcc aat aag att gtc agt gat tat ggc aaa gac cgt gtc ctg aca
672Thr Ala Asn Lys Ile Val Ser Asp Tyr Gly Lys Asp Arg Val Leu Thr
210 215 220gac ata ctg aat gcc atg gac atc ttc ata gag ctc gtc aca
aac cct 720Asp Ile Leu Asn Ala Met Asp Ile Phe Ile Glu Leu Val Thr
Asn Pro225 230 235 240gat ggg ttt gct ttt acc cac agc atg aac cgc
tta tgg cgg aag aac 768Asp Gly Phe Ala Phe Thr His Ser Met Asn Arg
Leu Trp Arg Lys Asn 245 250 255aag tcc atc aga cct gga atc ttc tgc
atc ggc gtg gat ctc aac agg 816Lys Ser Ile Arg Pro Gly Ile Phe Cys
Ile Gly Val Asp Leu Asn Arg 260 265 270aac tgg aag tcg ggt ttt gga
gga aat ggt tct aac agc aac ccc tgc 864Asn Trp Lys Ser Gly Phe Gly
Gly Asn Gly Ser Asn Ser Asn Pro Cys 275 280 285tca gaa act tat cac
ggg ccc tcc cct cag tcg gag tcg gag gtg gct 912Ser Glu Thr Tyr His
Gly Pro Ser Pro Gln Ser Glu Ser Glu Val Ala 290 295 300gcc ata gtg
aac ttc atc aca gcc cat ggc aac ttc aag gct ctg atc 960Ala Ile Val
Asn Phe Ile Thr Ala His Gly Asn Phe Lys Ala Leu Ile305 310 315
320tcc atc cac agc tac tct cag atg ctt atg tac cct tac ggc cga ttg
1008Ser Ile His Ser Tyr Ser Gln Met Leu Met Tyr Pro Tyr Gly Arg Leu
325 330 335ctg gag ccc gtt tca aat cag agg gag ttg tac gat ctt gcc
aag gat 1056Leu Glu Pro Val Ser Asn Gln Arg Glu Leu Tyr Asp Leu Ala
Lys Asp 340 345 350gcg gtg gag gcc ttg tat aag gtc cat ggg atc gag
tac att ttt ggc 1104Ala Val Glu Ala Leu Tyr Lys Val His Gly Ile Glu
Tyr Ile Phe Gly 355 360 365agc atc agc acc acc ctc tat gtg gcc agt
ggg atc acc gtc gac tgg 1152Ser Ile Ser Thr Thr Leu Tyr Val Ala Ser
Gly Ile Thr Val Asp Trp 370 375 380gcc tat gac agt ggc atc aag tac
gcc ttc agc ttt gag ctc cgg gac 1200Ala Tyr Asp Ser Gly Ile Lys Tyr
Ala Phe Ser Phe Glu Leu Arg Asp385 390 395 400act ggg cag tat ggc
ttc ctg ctg ccg gcc aca cag atc atc ccc acg 1248Thr Gly Gln Tyr Gly
Phe Leu Leu Pro Ala Thr Gln Ile Ile Pro Thr 405 410 415gcc cag gag
acg tgg atg gcg ctt cgg acc atc atg gag cac acc ctg 1296Ala Gln Glu
Thr Trp Met Ala Leu Arg Thr Ile Met Glu His Thr Leu 420 425 430aat
cac ccc tac tag 1311Asn His Pro Tyr * 43581304PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 81Tyr His Asn Leu Glu Glu Ile
Tyr Ala Trp Leu Asp Leu Leu Val Ser1 5 10 15Asn Phe Pro Asp Leu Val
Ser Lys Val Ser Ile Gly Lys Ser Tyr Glu 20 25 30Gly Arg Asp Leu Lys
Val Leu Lys Ile Ser Asp Asn Pro Ala Thr Gly 35 40 45Glu Asn Glu Pro
Glu Val Phe Ala Val Ala Gly Trp Ile His Ala Arg 50 55 60Glu Trp Val
Thr Ser Ala Thr Leu Leu Trp Leu Leu Lys Glu Leu Val65 70 75 80Ala
Asn Tyr Gly Ser Asp Lys Thr Ile Thr Lys Leu Leu Asp Gly Leu 85 90
95Asp Leu Phe Tyr Ile Leu Pro Val Phe Asn Pro Asp Gly Tyr Ala Tyr
100 105 110Ser Ile Thr Thr Asp Ser Tyr Arg Met Trp Arg Lys Thr Arg
Ser Pro 115 120 125Asn Ala Gly Ser Phe Cys Val Gly Thr Asp Pro Asn
Arg Asn Trp Tyr 130 135 140Ala Gln Trp Gly Gly Met Gly Ala Ser Ser
Tyr Ser Pro Cys Ser Glu145 150 155 160Thr Tyr Glu Gly Thr Ala Pro
Phe Ser Glu Pro Glu Thr Lys Ala Val 165 170 175Glu Asp Phe Ile Arg
Ser Trp Leu Gly Gly Gly Lys Gln Asn Ile Lys 180 185 190Ala Tyr Ile
Thr Phe His Ser Tyr Ser Gln Leu Leu Leu Tyr Pro Tyr 195 200 205Gly
Tyr Asp Tyr Asn Leu Asn Pro Asp Ala Asn Asp Leu Asp Glu Leu 210 215
220Ser Asp Leu Lys Ile Ala Ala Asp Ala Leu Ser Ala Arg His Gly
Thr225 230 235 240Tyr Tyr Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Gly Ser Ser Thr Ile
Tyr Pro Ala Ser 245 250 255Ala Gly Gly Ser Asp Asp Trp Ala Tyr Asp
Val Gly Ile Ile Lys Tyr 260 265 270Ala Phe Thr Phe Glu Leu Arg Pro
Asp Thr Gly Ser Tyr Gly Asn Pro 275 280 285Cys Phe Leu Leu Pro Glu
Glu Gln Ile Ile Pro Thr Gly Ser Glu Glu 290 295
30082324PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 82Tyr
His Ser Tyr Glu Glu Ile Asn Ala Trp Leu Asp Asp Leu Ala Arg1 5 10
15Asn Tyr Pro Asp Leu Thr Ser Val Ser Leu Ile Ser Ile Gly Lys Ser
20 25 30Tyr Glu Gly Arg Pro Ile Lys Val Leu Lys Ile Lys Pro Ala Val
Phe 35 40 45Ile Asp Ala Gly Ile His Ala Arg Glu Trp Ile Ala Pro Ala
Thr Ala 50 55 60Leu Tyr Leu Ile Asn Gln Leu Leu Thr Asn Glu Thr Glu
Tyr Ser Lys65 70 75 80Asp Pro Asp Asp Glu Gly Ser Val Thr Lys Leu
Leu Asp Lys Leu Asp 85 90 95Trp Tyr Ile Val Pro Val Met Asn Pro Asp
Gly Tyr Glu Tyr Thr His 100 105 110Thr Ser Thr Asp Arg Leu Trp Arg
Lys Asn Arg Ser Pro Asn Gly Ala 115 120 125Ser Gly Ser Gln Gly Thr
Trp Tyr Asn Cys Tyr Gly Val Asp Leu Asn 130 135 140Arg Asn Phe Asp
Phe His Asn Trp Gly Glu Ile Gly Gly Ser Ser Ser145 150 155 160Leu
Pro Cys Ser Glu Thr Tyr Ala Gly Ser Ser Pro Phe Ser Glu Trp 165 170
175Glu Pro Glu Thr Lys Ala Leu Leu Asp Phe Ile Leu Ser Asn Glu Ile
180 185 190Gly Lys Gly Arg Ile Lys Ala Tyr Ile Ser Leu His Ser Tyr
Ser Gln 195 200 205Leu Leu Leu Tyr Pro Tyr Gly Tyr Thr Asn Ala Thr
Val Pro Pro Asn 210 215 220Gly Glu Asp Leu His Lys Glu Val Ala Lys
Ala Ala Ala Lys Ala Ile225 230 235 240Gly Asp Tyr Tyr Phe Gly Gly
Thr Leu Tyr Thr Pro Gly Ser Ser Ser 245 250 255Ala Asp Pro Asp Leu
Asp Ile Thr Leu Tyr Pro Ala Ser Gly Gly Ser 260 265 270Asp Asp Trp
Ala Tyr Gly Thr Leu Lys Gly Val Lys Tyr Ser Tyr Thr 275 280 285Ile
Glu Leu Arg Asp Thr Gly Asp Asp Ala Gly Arg Tyr Gly Phe Leu 290 295
300Leu Pro Pro Ser Cys Val Lys Pro Val Arg Met Glu Gln Ile Ile
Pro305 310 315 320Thr Gly Glu Glu8382PRTArtificial SequenceAmino
acid consensus sequence 83Gln Val Leu Arg Val Lys Val Ala Asp Glu
Asp Gln Val Lys Leu Leu1 5 10 15Lys Asp Leu Glu Asn Thr Glu His Leu
Glu Leu Asp Phe Trp Lys Pro 20 25 30Asp Ser Ala Thr Pro Ile Lys Pro
Gly Ser Thr Val Asp Phe Arg Val 35 40 45Pro Ala Glu Asp Ile Gln Ala
Val Lys Ser Phe Leu Glu Gln Ser Gly 50 55 60Ile His Tyr Glu Val Leu
Ile Glu Asp Val Gln Glu Leu Leu Glu Glu65 70 75 80Gln
Phe8423PRTArtificial SequenceZinc carboxypeptidase zinc-binding
region 1 signature consensus sequence 84Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa His Xaa Xaa Glu Xaa Xaa Xaa1 5 10 15Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa 208511PRTArtificial SequenceZinc carboxypeptidase zinc-binding
region 2 signature consensus sequence 85His Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Pro Xaa1 5 108622PRTArtificial SequenceZinc
carboxypeptidase zinc-binding region 1 signature 86Pro Ala Ile Trp
Ile Asp Thr Gly His Ser Arg Glu Trp Ile Thr His1 5 10 15Ala Thr Gly
Ile Trp Thr 208711PRTArtificial SequenceZinc carboxypeptidase
zinc-binding region 2 signature 87His Ser Tyr Ser Gln Met Leu Met
Tyr Pro Tyr1 5 10885389DNAHomo sapiensCDS(6)...(3638) 88ttggt atg
gca tca cag ctg caa gtg ttt tcg ccc cca tca gtg tcg tcg 50 Met Ala
Ser Gln Leu Gln Val Phe Ser Pro Pro Ser Val Ser Ser 1 5 10 15agt
gcc ttc tgc agt gcg aag aaa ctg aaa ata gag ccc tct ggc tgg 98Ser
Ala Phe Cys Ser Ala Lys Lys Leu Lys Ile Glu Pro Ser Gly Trp 20 25
30gat gtt tca gga cag agt agc aac gac aaa tat tat acc cac agc aaa
146Asp Val Ser Gly Gln Ser Ser Asn Asp Lys Tyr Tyr Thr His Ser Lys
35 40 45acc ctc cca gcc aca caa ggg caa gcc aac tcc tct cac cag gta
gca 194Thr Leu Pro Ala Thr Gln Gly Gln Ala Asn Ser Ser His Gln Val
Ala 50
55 60aat ttc aac atc cct gct tac gac cag ggc ctc ctc ctc cca gct
cct 242Asn Phe Asn Ile Pro Ala Tyr Asp Gln Gly Leu Leu Leu Pro Ala
Pro 65 70 75gca gtg gag cat att gtt gta aca gcc gct gat agc tcg ggc
agt gct 290Ala Val Glu His Ile Val Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Ser Ser Gly
Ser Ala 80 85 90 95gct aca tca acc ttc caa agc agc cag acc ctg act
ccc aga agc aac 338Ala Thr Ser Thr Phe Gln Ser Ser Gln Thr Leu Thr
Pro Arg Ser Asn 100 105 110gtt tct ttg ctt gag cca tat caa aaa tgt
gga ttg aaa cga aaa agt 386Val Ser Leu Leu Glu Pro Tyr Gln Lys Cys
Gly Leu Lys Arg Lys Ser 115 120 125gag gaa gtt gac agc aac ggt agt
gtg cag atc ata gaa gaa cat ccc 434Glu Glu Val Asp Ser Asn Gly Ser
Val Gln Ile Ile Glu Glu His Pro 130 135 140cct ctc atg ctg caa aac
agg act gtg gtg ggt gct gct gcc aca acc 482Pro Leu Met Leu Gln Asn
Arg Thr Val Val Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Thr 145 150 155acc act gtg acc
aca aag agt agc agt tcc agc gga gaa ggg gat tac 530Thr Thr Val Thr
Thr Lys Ser Ser Ser Ser Ser Gly Glu Gly Asp Tyr160 165 170 175cag
ctg gtc cag cat gag atc ctt tgc tct atg acc aat agc tat gaa 578Gln
Leu Val Gln His Glu Ile Leu Cys Ser Met Thr Asn Ser Tyr Glu 180 185
190gtc ttg gag ttc cta ggc cgg ggg aca ttt gga cag gtg gct aag tgc
626Val Leu Glu Phe Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Phe Gly Gln Val Ala Lys Cys
195 200 205tgg aag agg agc acc aag gaa att gtg gct att aaa atc ttg
aag aac 674Trp Lys Arg Ser Thr Lys Glu Ile Val Ala Ile Lys Ile Leu
Lys Asn 210 215 220cac ccc tcc tat gcc aga caa gga cag att gaa gtg
agc atc ctt tcc 722His Pro Ser Tyr Ala Arg Gln Gly Gln Ile Glu Val
Ser Ile Leu Ser 225 230 235cgc cta agc agt gaa aat gct gat gag tat
aat ttt gtc cgt tca tac 770Arg Leu Ser Ser Glu Asn Ala Asp Glu Tyr
Asn Phe Val Arg Ser Tyr240 245 250 255gag tgc ttt cag cat aag aat
cac acc tgc ctt gtt ttt gaa atg ttg 818Glu Cys Phe Gln His Lys Asn
His Thr Cys Leu Val Phe Glu Met Leu 260 265 270gag cag aac tta tat
gat ttt cta aag caa aac aaa ttt agc cca ctg 866Glu Gln Asn Leu Tyr
Asp Phe Leu Lys Gln Asn Lys Phe Ser Pro Leu 275 280 285cca ctc aag
tac atc aga cca atc ttg cag cag gtg gcc aca gcc ttg 914Pro Leu Lys
Tyr Ile Arg Pro Ile Leu Gln Gln Val Ala Thr Ala Leu 290 295 300atg
aag ctc aag agt ctt ggt ctg atc cac gct gac ctt aag cct gaa 962Met
Lys Leu Lys Ser Leu Gly Leu Ile His Ala Asp Leu Lys Pro Glu 305 310
315aac atc atg ctg gtt gat cca gtt cgc cag ccc tac cga gtg aag gtc
1010Asn Ile Met Leu Val Asp Pro Val Arg Gln Pro Tyr Arg Val Lys
Val320 325 330 335ttt gac ttt ggt tct gct agt cac gtt tcc aaa gct
gtg tgc tca acc 1058Phe Asp Phe Gly Ser Ala Ser His Val Ser Lys Ala
Val Cys Ser Thr 340 345 350tac tta cag tca cgt tac tac aga gct cct
gaa att att ctt ggg tta 1106Tyr Leu Gln Ser Arg Tyr Tyr Arg Ala Pro
Glu Ile Ile Leu Gly Leu 355 360 365cca ttt tgt gaa gct att gat atg
tgg tca ctg ggc tgt gtg ata gct 1154Pro Phe Cys Glu Ala Ile Asp Met
Trp Ser Leu Gly Cys Val Ile Ala 370 375 380gag ctg ttc ctg gga tgg
cct ctt tat cct ggt gct tca gaa tat gat 1202Glu Leu Phe Leu Gly Trp
Pro Leu Tyr Pro Gly Ala Ser Glu Tyr Asp 385 390 395cag att cgt tat
att tca caa aca caa ggc ttg cca gct gaa tat ctt 1250Gln Ile Arg Tyr
Ile Ser Gln Thr Gln Gly Leu Pro Ala Glu Tyr Leu400 405 410 415ctc
agt gcc gga aca aaa aca acc agg ttt ttc aac aga gat cct aat 1298Leu
Ser Ala Gly Thr Lys Thr Thr Arg Phe Phe Asn Arg Asp Pro Asn 420 425
430ttg ggg tac cca ctg tgg agg ctt aag aca cct gaa gaa cat gaa ctg
1346Leu Gly Tyr Pro Leu Trp Arg Leu Lys Thr Pro Glu Glu His Glu Leu
435 440 445gag act gga ata aaa tca aaa gaa gct cgg aag tac att ttt
aat tgc 1394Glu Thr Gly Ile Lys Ser Lys Glu Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ile Phe
Asn Cys 450 455 460tta gat gac atg gct cag gtg aat atg tct aca gac
ctg gag gga aca 1442Leu Asp Asp Met Ala Gln Val Asn Met Ser Thr Asp
Leu Glu Gly Thr 465 470 475gac atg ttg gca gag aag gca gac cga aga
gaa tac att gat ctg tta 1490Asp Met Leu Ala Glu Lys Ala Asp Arg Arg
Glu Tyr Ile Asp Leu Leu480 485 490 495aag aaa atg ctc aca att gat
gca gat aag aga att acc cct cta aaa 1538Lys Lys Met Leu Thr Ile Asp
Ala Asp Lys Arg Ile Thr Pro Leu Lys 500 505 510act ctt aac cat cag
ttt gtg aca atg act cac ctt ttg gat ttt cca 1586Thr Leu Asn His Gln
Phe Val Thr Met Thr His Leu Leu Asp Phe Pro 515 520 525cat agc aat
cat gtt aag tct tgt ttt cag aac atg gag atc tgc aag 1634His Ser Asn
His Val Lys Ser Cys Phe Gln Asn Met Glu Ile Cys Lys 530 535 540cgg
agg gtt cac atg tat gat aca gtg agt cag atc aag agt ccc ttc 1682Arg
Arg Val His Met Tyr Asp Thr Val Ser Gln Ile Lys Ser Pro Phe 545 550
555act aca cat gtt gcc cca aat aca agc aca aat cta acc atg agc ttc
1730Thr Thr His Val Ala Pro Asn Thr Ser Thr Asn Leu Thr Met Ser
Phe560 565 570 575agc aat cag ctc aat aca gtg cac aat cag gcc agt
gtt cta gct tcc 1778Ser Asn Gln Leu Asn Thr Val His Asn Gln Ala Ser
Val Leu Ala Ser 580 585 590agt tct act gca gca gct gct act ctt tct
ctg gct aat tca gat gtc 1826Ser Ser Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Leu Ser
Leu Ala Asn Ser Asp Val 595 600 605tca cta cta aac tac cag tca gct
ttg tac cca tca tct gct gca cca 1874Ser Leu Leu Asn Tyr Gln Ser Ala
Leu Tyr Pro Ser Ser Ala Ala Pro 610 615 620gtt cct gga gtt gcc cag
cag ggt gtt tcc ttg cag cct gga acc acc 1922Val Pro Gly Val Ala Gln
Gln Gly Val Ser Leu Gln Pro Gly Thr Thr 625 630 635cag att tgc act
cag aca gat cca ttc caa cag aca ttt ata gta tgt 1970Gln Ile Cys Thr
Gln Thr Asp Pro Phe Gln Gln Thr Phe Ile Val Cys640 645 650 655cca
cct gcg ttt caa act gga cta caa gca aca aca aag cat tct gga 2018Pro
Pro Ala Phe Gln Thr Gly Leu Gln Ala Thr Thr Lys His Ser Gly 660 665
670ttc cct gtg agg atg gat aat gct gta ccg att gta ccc cag gca cca
2066Phe Pro Val Arg Met Asp Asn Ala Val Pro Ile Val Pro Gln Ala Pro
675 680 685gct gct cag cca cta cag att cag tca gga gtt ctc acg cag
gga agc 2114Ala Ala Gln Pro Leu Gln Ile Gln Ser Gly Val Leu Thr Gln
Gly Ser 690 695 700tgt aca cca cta atg gta gca act ctc cac cct caa
gta gcc acc atc 2162Cys Thr Pro Leu Met Val Ala Thr Leu His Pro Gln
Val Ala Thr Ile 705 710 715aca ccg cag tat gcg gtg ccc ttt act ctg
agc tgc gca gcc ggc cgg 2210Thr Pro Gln Tyr Ala Val Pro Phe Thr Leu
Ser Cys Ala Ala Gly Arg720 725 730 735ccg gcg ctg gtt gaa cag act
gcc gct gta ctg cag gcg tgg cct gga 2258Pro Ala Leu Val Glu Gln Thr
Ala Ala Val Leu Gln Ala Trp Pro Gly 740 745 750ggg act cag caa att
ctc ctg cct tca act tgg caa cag ttg cct ggg 2306Gly Thr Gln Gln Ile
Leu Leu Pro Ser Thr Trp Gln Gln Leu Pro Gly 755 760 765gta gct cta
cac aac tct gtc cag ccc aca gca atg att cca gag gcc 2354Val Ala Leu
His Asn Ser Val Gln Pro Thr Ala Met Ile Pro Glu Ala 770 775 780atg
ggg agt gga cag cag cta gct gac tgg agg aat gcc cac tct cat 2402Met
Gly Ser Gly Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Trp Arg Asn Ala His Ser His 785 790
795ggc aac cag tac agc act atc atg cag cag cca tcc ttg ctg act aac
2450Gly Asn Gln Tyr Ser Thr Ile Met Gln Gln Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr
Asn800 805 810 815cat gtg aca ttg gcc act gct cag cct ctg aat gtt
ggt gtt gcc cat 2498His Val Thr Leu Ala Thr Ala Gln Pro Leu Asn Val
Gly Val Ala His 820 825 830gtt gtc aga caa caa caa tcc agt tcc ctc
cct tcg aag aag aat aag 2546Val Val Arg Gln Gln Gln Ser Ser Ser Leu
Pro Ser Lys Lys Asn Lys 835 840 845cag tca gct cca gtc tct tcc aag
tcc tct cta gat gtt ctg cct tcc 2594Gln Ser Ala Pro Val Ser Ser Lys
Ser Ser Leu Asp Val Leu Pro Ser 850 855 860caa gtc tat tct ctg gtt
ggg agc agt ccc ctc cgc acc aca tct tct 2642Gln Val Tyr Ser Leu Val
Gly Ser Ser Pro Leu Arg Thr Thr Ser Ser 865 870 875tat aat tcc ttg
gtc cct gtc caa gat cag cat cag ccc atc atc att 2690Tyr Asn Ser Leu
Val Pro Val Gln Asp Gln His Gln Pro Ile Ile Ile880 885 890 895cca
gat act ccc agc cct cct gtg agt gtc atc act atc cga agt gac 2738Pro
Asp Thr Pro Ser Pro Pro Val Ser Val Ile Thr Ile Arg Ser Asp 900 905
910act gat gag gaa gag gac aac aaa tac aag ccc agt agc tct gga ctg
2786Thr Asp Glu Glu Glu Asp Asn Lys Tyr Lys Pro Ser Ser Ser Gly Leu
915 920 925aag cca agg tct aat gtc atc agt tat gtc act gtc aat gat
tct cca 2834Lys Pro Arg Ser Asn Val Ile Ser Tyr Val Thr Val Asn Asp
Ser Pro 930 935 940gac tct gac tct tct ttg agc agc cct tat tcc act
gat acc ctg agt 2882Asp Ser Asp Ser Ser Leu Ser Ser Pro Tyr Ser Thr
Asp Thr Leu Ser 945 950 955gct ctc cga ggc aat agt gga tcc gtt ttg
gag ggg cct ggc aga gtt 2930Ala Leu Arg Gly Asn Ser Gly Ser Val Leu
Glu Gly Pro Gly Arg Val960 965 970 975gtg gca gat ggc act ggc acc
cgc act atc att gtg cct cca ctg aaa 2978Val Ala Asp Gly Thr Gly Thr
Arg Thr Ile Ile Val Pro Pro Leu Lys 980 985 990act cag ctt ggt gac
tgc act gta gca acc cag gcc tca ggt ctc ctg 3026Thr Gln Leu Gly Asp
Cys Thr Val Ala Thr Gln Ala Ser Gly Leu Leu 995 1000 1005agc aat
aag act aag cca gtc gct tca gtg agt ggg cag tca tct gga 3074Ser Asn
Lys Thr Lys Pro Val Ala Ser Val Ser Gly Gln Ser Ser Gly 1010 1015
1020tgc tgt atc acc ccc aca ggg tat cga gct caa cgc ggg ggg acc agt
3122Cys Cys Ile Thr Pro Thr Gly Tyr Arg Ala Gln Arg Gly Gly Thr Ser
1025 1030 1035gca gca caa cca ctc aat ctt agc cag aac cag cag tca
tcg gcg gct 3170Ala Ala Gln Pro Leu Asn Leu Ser Gln Asn Gln Gln Ser
Ser Ala Ala1040 1045 1050 1055cca acc tca cag gag aga agc agc aac
cca gcc ccc cgc agg cag cag 3218Pro Thr Ser Gln Glu Arg Ser Ser Asn
Pro Ala Pro Arg Arg Gln Gln 1060 1065 1070gcg ttt gtg gcc cct ctc
tcc caa gcc ccc tac acc ttc cag cat ggc 3266Ala Phe Val Ala Pro Leu
Ser Gln Ala Pro Tyr Thr Phe Gln His Gly 1075 1080 1085agc ccg cta
cac tcg aca ggg cac cca cac ctt gcc ccg gcc cct gct 3314Ser Pro Leu
His Ser Thr Gly His Pro His Leu Ala Pro Ala Pro Ala 1090 1095
1100cac ctg cca agc cag gct cat ctg tat acg tat gct gcc ccg act tct
3362His Leu Pro Ser Gln Ala His Leu Tyr Thr Tyr Ala Ala Pro Thr Ser
1105 1110 1115gct gct gca ctg ggc tca acc agc tcc att gct cat ctt
ttc tcc cca 3410Ala Ala Ala Leu Gly Ser Thr Ser Ser Ile Ala His Leu
Phe Ser Pro1120 1125 1130 1135cag ggt tcc tca agg cat gct gca gcc
tat acc act cac cct agc act 3458Gln Gly Ser Ser Arg His Ala Ala Ala
Tyr Thr Thr His Pro Ser Thr 1140 1145 1150ttg gtg cac cag gtc cct
gtc agt gtt ggg ccc agc ctc ctc act tct 3506Leu Val His Gln Val Pro
Val Ser Val Gly Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Ser 1155 1160 1165gcc agc gtg
gcc cct gct cag tac caa cac cag ttt gcc acc caa tcc 3554Ala Ser Val
Ala Pro Ala Gln Tyr Gln His Gln Phe Ala Thr Gln Ser 1170 1175
1180tac att ggg tct tcc cga ggc tca aca att tac act gga tac ccg ctg
3602Tyr Ile Gly Ser Ser Arg Gly Ser Thr Ile Tyr Thr Gly Tyr Pro Leu
1185 1190 1195agt cct acc aag atc agc cag tat tcc tac tta tag
ttggtgagca 3648Ser Pro Thr Lys Ile Ser Gln Tyr Ser Tyr Leu *1200
1205 1210tgagggagga ggaatcatgg ctaccttctc ctggccctgc gttcttaata
ttgggctatg 3708gagagatcct cctttaccct cttgaaattt cttagccagc
aacttgttct gcaggggccc 3768actgaagcag aaggtttttc tctgggggaa
cctgtctcag tgttgactgc attgttgtag 3828tcttcccaaa gtttgcccta
tttttaaatt cattattttt gtgacagtaa ttttggtact 3888tggaagagtt
cagatgccca tcttctgcag ttaccaagga agagagattg ttctgaagtt
3948accctctgaa aaatattttg tctctctgac ttgatttcta taaatgcttt
taaaaacaag 4008tgaagcccct ctttatttca ttttgtgtta ttgtgattgc
tggtcaggaa aaatgctgat 4068agaaggagtt gaaatctgat gacaaaaaaa
gaaaaattac tttttgtttg tttataaact 4128cagacttgcc tattttattt
taaaagcggc ttacacaatc tcccttttgt ttattggaca 4188tttaaactta
cagagtttca gttttgtttt aatgtcatat tatacttaat gggcaattgt
4248tatttttgca aaactggtta cgtattactc tgtgttacta ttgagattct
ctcaattgct 4308cctgtgtttg ttataaagta gtgtttaaaa ggcagctcac
catttgctgg taacttaatg 4368tgagagaatc catatctgcg tgaaaacacc
aagtattctt tttaaatgaa gcaccatgaa 4428ttctttttta aattattttt
taaaagtctt tctctctctg attcagctta aattttttta 4488tcgaaaaagc
cattaaggtg gttattatta catggtggtg gtggttttat tatatgcaaa
4548atctctgtct attatgagat actggcattg atgagctttg cctaaagatt
agtatgaatt 4608ttcagtaata cacctctgtt ttgctcatct ctcccttctg
ttttatgtga tttgtttggg 4668gagaaagcta aaaaaacctg aaaccagata
agaacatttc ttgtgtatag cttttatact 4728tcaaagtagc ttcctttgta
tgccagcagc aaattgaatg ctctcttatt aagacttata 4788taataagtgc
atgtaggaat tgcaaaaaat attttaaaaa tttattactg aatttaaaaa
4848tattttagaa gttttgtaat ggtggtgttt taatatttta cataattaaa
tatgtacata 4908ttgattagaa aaatataaca agcaattttt cctgctaacc
caaaatgtta tttgtaatca 4968aatgtgtagt gattacactt gaattgtgta
cttagtgtgt atgtgatcct ccagtgttat 5028cccggagatg gattgatgtc
tccattgtat ttaaaccaaa atgaactgat acttgttgga 5088atgtatgtga
actaattgca attatattag agcatattac tgtagtgctg aatgagcagg
5148ggcattgcct gcaaggagag gagacccttg gaattgtttt gcacaggtgt
gtctggtgag 5208gagtttttca gtgtgtgtct cttccttccc tttcttcctc
cttcccttat tgagtgcctt 5268atatgataat gtagtggtta atagagttta
cagtgagctt gccttaggat ggaccagcaa 5328gcccccgggg accctaagtt
gttcaccggg atttatcaga acaggattag tagctggatt 5388g 5389891210PRTHomo
sapiens 89Met Ala Ser Gln Leu Gln Val Phe Ser Pro Pro Ser Val Ser
Ser Ser1 5 10 15Ala Phe Cys Ser Ala Lys Lys Leu Lys Ile Glu Pro Ser
Gly Trp Asp 20 25 30Val Ser Gly Gln Ser Ser Asn Asp Lys Tyr Tyr Thr
His Ser Lys Thr 35 40 45Leu Pro Ala Thr Gln Gly Gln Ala Asn Ser Ser
His Gln Val Ala Asn 50 55 60Phe Asn Ile Pro Ala Tyr Asp Gln Gly Leu
Leu Leu Pro Ala Pro Ala65 70 75 80Val Glu His Ile Val Val Thr Ala
Ala Asp Ser Ser Gly Ser Ala Ala 85 90 95Thr Ser Thr Phe Gln Ser Ser
Gln Thr Leu Thr Pro Arg Ser Asn Val 100 105 110Ser Leu Leu Glu Pro
Tyr Gln Lys Cys Gly Leu Lys Arg Lys Ser Glu 115 120 125Glu Val Asp
Ser Asn Gly Ser Val Gln Ile Ile Glu Glu His Pro Pro 130 135 140Leu
Met Leu Gln Asn Arg Thr Val Val Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Thr Thr145 150
155 160Thr Val Thr Thr Lys Ser Ser Ser Ser Ser Gly Glu Gly Asp Tyr
Gln 165 170 175Leu Val Gln His Glu Ile Leu Cys Ser Met Thr Asn Ser
Tyr Glu Val 180 185 190Leu Glu Phe Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Phe Gly Gln
Val Ala Lys Cys Trp 195 200 205Lys Arg Ser Thr Lys Glu Ile Val Ala
Ile Lys Ile Leu Lys Asn His 210 215 220Pro Ser Tyr Ala Arg Gln Gly
Gln Ile Glu Val Ser Ile Leu Ser Arg225 230 235 240Leu Ser Ser Glu
Asn Ala Asp Glu Tyr Asn Phe Val Arg Ser Tyr Glu 245 250 255Cys Phe
Gln His Lys Asn His Thr Cys Leu Val Phe Glu Met Leu Glu 260 265
270Gln Asn Leu Tyr Asp Phe Leu Lys Gln Asn Lys Phe Ser Pro Leu Pro
275 280 285Leu Lys Tyr Ile Arg Pro Ile Leu Gln Gln Val Ala Thr Ala
Leu Met 290 295 300Lys Leu Lys Ser Leu Gly Leu Ile His Ala Asp Leu
Lys Pro Glu Asn305 310 315 320Ile Met Leu Val Asp Pro Val Arg Gln
Pro Tyr Arg
Val Lys Val Phe 325 330 335Asp Phe Gly Ser Ala Ser His Val Ser Lys
Ala Val Cys Ser Thr Tyr 340 345 350Leu Gln Ser Arg Tyr Tyr Arg Ala
Pro Glu Ile Ile Leu Gly Leu Pro 355 360 365Phe Cys Glu Ala Ile Asp
Met Trp Ser Leu Gly Cys Val Ile Ala Glu 370 375 380Leu Phe Leu Gly
Trp Pro Leu Tyr Pro Gly Ala Ser Glu Tyr Asp Gln385 390 395 400Ile
Arg Tyr Ile Ser Gln Thr Gln Gly Leu Pro Ala Glu Tyr Leu Leu 405 410
415Ser Ala Gly Thr Lys Thr Thr Arg Phe Phe Asn Arg Asp Pro Asn Leu
420 425 430Gly Tyr Pro Leu Trp Arg Leu Lys Thr Pro Glu Glu His Glu
Leu Glu 435 440 445Thr Gly Ile Lys Ser Lys Glu Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ile
Phe Asn Cys Leu 450 455 460Asp Asp Met Ala Gln Val Asn Met Ser Thr
Asp Leu Glu Gly Thr Asp465 470 475 480Met Leu Ala Glu Lys Ala Asp
Arg Arg Glu Tyr Ile Asp Leu Leu Lys 485 490 495Lys Met Leu Thr Ile
Asp Ala Asp Lys Arg Ile Thr Pro Leu Lys Thr 500 505 510Leu Asn His
Gln Phe Val Thr Met Thr His Leu Leu Asp Phe Pro His 515 520 525Ser
Asn His Val Lys Ser Cys Phe Gln Asn Met Glu Ile Cys Lys Arg 530 535
540Arg Val His Met Tyr Asp Thr Val Ser Gln Ile Lys Ser Pro Phe
Thr545 550 555 560Thr His Val Ala Pro Asn Thr Ser Thr Asn Leu Thr
Met Ser Phe Ser 565 570 575Asn Gln Leu Asn Thr Val His Asn Gln Ala
Ser Val Leu Ala Ser Ser 580 585 590Ser Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Leu
Ser Leu Ala Asn Ser Asp Val Ser 595 600 605Leu Leu Asn Tyr Gln Ser
Ala Leu Tyr Pro Ser Ser Ala Ala Pro Val 610 615 620Pro Gly Val Ala
Gln Gln Gly Val Ser Leu Gln Pro Gly Thr Thr Gln625 630 635 640Ile
Cys Thr Gln Thr Asp Pro Phe Gln Gln Thr Phe Ile Val Cys Pro 645 650
655Pro Ala Phe Gln Thr Gly Leu Gln Ala Thr Thr Lys His Ser Gly Phe
660 665 670Pro Val Arg Met Asp Asn Ala Val Pro Ile Val Pro Gln Ala
Pro Ala 675 680 685Ala Gln Pro Leu Gln Ile Gln Ser Gly Val Leu Thr
Gln Gly Ser Cys 690 695 700Thr Pro Leu Met Val Ala Thr Leu His Pro
Gln Val Ala Thr Ile Thr705 710 715 720Pro Gln Tyr Ala Val Pro Phe
Thr Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Gly Arg Pro 725 730 735Ala Leu Val Glu Gln
Thr Ala Ala Val Leu Gln Ala Trp Pro Gly Gly 740 745 750Thr Gln Gln
Ile Leu Leu Pro Ser Thr Trp Gln Gln Leu Pro Gly Val 755 760 765Ala
Leu His Asn Ser Val Gln Pro Thr Ala Met Ile Pro Glu Ala Met 770 775
780Gly Ser Gly Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Trp Arg Asn Ala His Ser His
Gly785 790 795 800Asn Gln Tyr Ser Thr Ile Met Gln Gln Pro Ser Leu
Leu Thr Asn His 805 810 815Val Thr Leu Ala Thr Ala Gln Pro Leu Asn
Val Gly Val Ala His Val 820 825 830Val Arg Gln Gln Gln Ser Ser Ser
Leu Pro Ser Lys Lys Asn Lys Gln 835 840 845Ser Ala Pro Val Ser Ser
Lys Ser Ser Leu Asp Val Leu Pro Ser Gln 850 855 860Val Tyr Ser Leu
Val Gly Ser Ser Pro Leu Arg Thr Thr Ser Ser Tyr865 870 875 880Asn
Ser Leu Val Pro Val Gln Asp Gln His Gln Pro Ile Ile Ile Pro 885 890
895Asp Thr Pro Ser Pro Pro Val Ser Val Ile Thr Ile Arg Ser Asp Thr
900 905 910Asp Glu Glu Glu Asp Asn Lys Tyr Lys Pro Ser Ser Ser Gly
Leu Lys 915 920 925Pro Arg Ser Asn Val Ile Ser Tyr Val Thr Val Asn
Asp Ser Pro Asp 930 935 940Ser Asp Ser Ser Leu Ser Ser Pro Tyr Ser
Thr Asp Thr Leu Ser Ala945 950 955 960Leu Arg Gly Asn Ser Gly Ser
Val Leu Glu Gly Pro Gly Arg Val Val 965 970 975Ala Asp Gly Thr Gly
Thr Arg Thr Ile Ile Val Pro Pro Leu Lys Thr 980 985 990Gln Leu Gly
Asp Cys Thr Val Ala Thr Gln Ala Ser Gly Leu Leu Ser 995 1000
1005Asn Lys Thr Lys Pro Val Ala Ser Val Ser Gly Gln Ser Ser Gly Cys
1010 1015 1020Cys Ile Thr Pro Thr Gly Tyr Arg Ala Gln Arg Gly Gly
Thr Ser Ala1025 1030 1035 1040Ala Gln Pro Leu Asn Leu Ser Gln Asn
Gln Gln Ser Ser Ala Ala Pro 1045 1050 1055Thr Ser Gln Glu Arg Ser
Ser Asn Pro Ala Pro Arg Arg Gln Gln Ala 1060 1065 1070Phe Val Ala
Pro Leu Ser Gln Ala Pro Tyr Thr Phe Gln His Gly Ser 1075 1080
1085Pro Leu His Ser Thr Gly His Pro His Leu Ala Pro Ala Pro Ala His
1090 1095 1100Leu Pro Ser Gln Ala His Leu Tyr Thr Tyr Ala Ala Pro
Thr Ser Ala1105 1110 1115 1120Ala Ala Leu Gly Ser Thr Ser Ser Ile
Ala His Leu Phe Ser Pro Gln 1125 1130 1135Gly Ser Ser Arg His Ala
Ala Ala Tyr Thr Thr His Pro Ser Thr Leu 1140 1145 1150Val His Gln
Val Pro Val Ser Val Gly Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Ser Ala 1155 1160
1165Ser Val Ala Pro Ala Gln Tyr Gln His Gln Phe Ala Thr Gln Ser Tyr
1170 1175 1180Ile Gly Ser Ser Arg Gly Ser Thr Ile Tyr Thr Gly Tyr
Pro Leu Ser1185 1190 1195 1200Pro Thr Lys Ile Ser Gln Tyr Ser Tyr
Leu 1205 1210903633DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(3633) 90atg gca tca cag
ctg caa gtg ttt tcg ccc cca tca gtg tcg tcg agt 48Met Ala Ser Gln
Leu Gln Val Phe Ser Pro Pro Ser Val Ser Ser Ser 1 5 10 15gcc ttc
tgc agt gcg aag aaa ctg aaa ata gag ccc tct ggc tgg gat 96Ala Phe
Cys Ser Ala Lys Lys Leu Lys Ile Glu Pro Ser Gly Trp Asp 20 25 30gtt
tca gga cag agt agc aac gac aaa tat tat acc cac agc aaa acc 144Val
Ser Gly Gln Ser Ser Asn Asp Lys Tyr Tyr Thr His Ser Lys Thr 35 40
45ctc cca gcc aca caa ggg caa gcc aac tcc tct cac cag gta gca aat
192Leu Pro Ala Thr Gln Gly Gln Ala Asn Ser Ser His Gln Val Ala Asn
50 55 60ttc aac atc cct gct tac gac cag ggc ctc ctc ctc cca gct cct
gca 240Phe Asn Ile Pro Ala Tyr Asp Gln Gly Leu Leu Leu Pro Ala Pro
Ala 65 70 75 80gtg gag cat att gtt gta aca gcc gct gat agc tcg ggc
agt gct gct 288Val Glu His Ile Val Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Ser Ser Gly
Ser Ala Ala 85 90 95aca tca acc ttc caa agc agc cag acc ctg act ccc
aga agc aac gtt 336Thr Ser Thr Phe Gln Ser Ser Gln Thr Leu Thr Pro
Arg Ser Asn Val 100 105 110tct ttg ctt gag cca tat caa aaa tgt gga
ttg aaa cga aaa agt gag 384Ser Leu Leu Glu Pro Tyr Gln Lys Cys Gly
Leu Lys Arg Lys Ser Glu 115 120 125gaa gtt gac agc aac ggt agt gtg
cag atc ata gaa gaa cat ccc cct 432Glu Val Asp Ser Asn Gly Ser Val
Gln Ile Ile Glu Glu His Pro Pro 130 135 140ctc atg ctg caa aac agg
act gtg gtg ggt gct gct gcc aca acc acc 480Leu Met Leu Gln Asn Arg
Thr Val Val Gly Ala Ala Ala Thr Thr Thr145 150 155 160act gtg acc
aca aag agt agc agt tcc agc gga gaa ggg gat tac cag 528Thr Val Thr
Thr Lys Ser Ser Ser Ser Ser Gly Glu Gly Asp Tyr Gln 165 170 175ctg
gtc cag cat gag atc ctt tgc tct atg acc aat agc tat gaa gtc 576Leu
Val Gln His Glu Ile Leu Cys Ser Met Thr Asn Ser Tyr Glu Val 180 185
190ttg gag ttc cta ggc cgg ggg aca ttt gga cag gtg gct aag tgc tgg
624Leu Glu Phe Leu Gly Arg Gly Thr Phe Gly Gln Val Ala Lys Cys Trp
195 200 205aag agg agc acc aag gaa att gtg gct att aaa atc ttg aag
aac cac 672Lys Arg Ser Thr Lys Glu Ile Val Ala Ile Lys Ile Leu Lys
Asn His 210 215 220ccc tcc tat gcc aga caa gga cag att gaa gtg agc
atc ctt tcc cgc 720Pro Ser Tyr Ala Arg Gln Gly Gln Ile Glu Val Ser
Ile Leu Ser Arg225 230 235 240cta agc agt gaa aat gct gat gag tat
aat ttt gtc cgt tca tac gag 768Leu Ser Ser Glu Asn Ala Asp Glu Tyr
Asn Phe Val Arg Ser Tyr Glu 245 250 255tgc ttt cag cat aag aat cac
acc tgc ctt gtt ttt gaa atg ttg gag 816Cys Phe Gln His Lys Asn His
Thr Cys Leu Val Phe Glu Met Leu Glu 260 265 270cag aac tta tat gat
ttt cta aag caa aac aaa ttt agc cca ctg cca 864Gln Asn Leu Tyr Asp
Phe Leu Lys Gln Asn Lys Phe Ser Pro Leu Pro 275 280 285ctc aag tac
atc aga cca atc ttg cag cag gtg gcc aca gcc ttg atg 912Leu Lys Tyr
Ile Arg Pro Ile Leu Gln Gln Val Ala Thr Ala Leu Met 290 295 300aag
ctc aag agt ctt ggt ctg atc cac gct gac ctt aag cct gaa aac 960Lys
Leu Lys Ser Leu Gly Leu Ile His Ala Asp Leu Lys Pro Glu Asn305 310
315 320atc atg ctg gtt gat cca gtt cgc cag ccc tac cga gtg aag gtc
ttt 1008Ile Met Leu Val Asp Pro Val Arg Gln Pro Tyr Arg Val Lys Val
Phe 325 330 335gac ttt ggt tct gct agt cac gtt tcc aaa gct gtg tgc
tca acc tac 1056Asp Phe Gly Ser Ala Ser His Val Ser Lys Ala Val Cys
Ser Thr Tyr 340 345 350tta cag tca cgt tac tac aga gct cct gaa att
att ctt ggg tta cca 1104Leu Gln Ser Arg Tyr Tyr Arg Ala Pro Glu Ile
Ile Leu Gly Leu Pro 355 360 365ttt tgt gaa gct att gat atg tgg tca
ctg ggc tgt gtg ata gct gag 1152Phe Cys Glu Ala Ile Asp Met Trp Ser
Leu Gly Cys Val Ile Ala Glu 370 375 380ctg ttc ctg gga tgg cct ctt
tat cct ggt gct tca gaa tat gat cag 1200Leu Phe Leu Gly Trp Pro Leu
Tyr Pro Gly Ala Ser Glu Tyr Asp Gln385 390 395 400att cgt tat att
tca caa aca caa ggc ttg cca gct gaa tat ctt ctc 1248Ile Arg Tyr Ile
Ser Gln Thr Gln Gly Leu Pro Ala Glu Tyr Leu Leu 405 410 415agt gcc
gga aca aaa aca acc agg ttt ttc aac aga gat cct aat ttg 1296Ser Ala
Gly Thr Lys Thr Thr Arg Phe Phe Asn Arg Asp Pro Asn Leu 420 425
430ggg tac cca ctg tgg agg ctt aag aca cct gaa gaa cat gaa ctg gag
1344Gly Tyr Pro Leu Trp Arg Leu Lys Thr Pro Glu Glu His Glu Leu Glu
435 440 445act gga ata aaa tca aaa gaa gct cgg aag tac att ttt aat
tgc tta 1392Thr Gly Ile Lys Ser Lys Glu Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ile Phe Asn
Cys Leu 450 455 460gat gac atg gct cag gtg aat atg tct aca gac ctg
gag gga aca gac 1440Asp Asp Met Ala Gln Val Asn Met Ser Thr Asp Leu
Glu Gly Thr Asp465 470 475 480atg ttg gca gag aag gca gac cga aga
gaa tac att gat ctg tta aag 1488Met Leu Ala Glu Lys Ala Asp Arg Arg
Glu Tyr Ile Asp Leu Leu Lys 485 490 495aaa atg ctc aca att gat gca
gat aag aga att acc cct cta aaa act 1536Lys Met Leu Thr Ile Asp Ala
Asp Lys Arg Ile Thr Pro Leu Lys Thr 500 505 510ctt aac cat cag ttt
gtg aca atg act cac ctt ttg gat ttt cca cat 1584Leu Asn His Gln Phe
Val Thr Met Thr His Leu Leu Asp Phe Pro His 515 520 525agc aat cat
gtt aag tct tgt ttt cag aac atg gag atc tgc aag cgg 1632Ser Asn His
Val Lys Ser Cys Phe Gln Asn Met Glu Ile Cys Lys Arg 530 535 540agg
gtt cac atg tat gat aca gtg agt cag atc aag agt ccc ttc act 1680Arg
Val His Met Tyr Asp Thr Val Ser Gln Ile Lys Ser Pro Phe Thr545 550
555 560aca cat gtt gcc cca aat aca agc aca aat cta acc atg agc ttc
agc 1728Thr His Val Ala Pro Asn Thr Ser Thr Asn Leu Thr Met Ser Phe
Ser 565 570 575aat cag ctc aat aca gtg cac aat cag gcc agt gtt cta
gct tcc agt 1776Asn Gln Leu Asn Thr Val His Asn Gln Ala Ser Val Leu
Ala Ser Ser 580 585 590tct act gca gca gct gct act ctt tct ctg gct
aat tca gat gtc tca 1824Ser Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Leu Ser Leu Ala
Asn Ser Asp Val Ser 595 600 605cta cta aac tac cag tca gct ttg tac
cca tca tct gct gca cca gtt 1872Leu Leu Asn Tyr Gln Ser Ala Leu Tyr
Pro Ser Ser Ala Ala Pro Val 610 615 620cct gga gtt gcc cag cag ggt
gtt tcc ttg cag cct gga acc acc cag 1920Pro Gly Val Ala Gln Gln Gly
Val Ser Leu Gln Pro Gly Thr Thr Gln625 630 635 640att tgc act cag
aca gat cca ttc caa cag aca ttt ata gta tgt cca 1968Ile Cys Thr Gln
Thr Asp Pro Phe Gln Gln Thr Phe Ile Val Cys Pro 645 650 655cct gcg
ttt caa act gga cta caa gca aca aca aag cat tct gga ttc 2016Pro Ala
Phe Gln Thr Gly Leu Gln Ala Thr Thr Lys His Ser Gly Phe 660 665
670cct gtg agg atg gat aat gct gta ccg att gta ccc cag gca cca gct
2064Pro Val Arg Met Asp Asn Ala Val Pro Ile Val Pro Gln Ala Pro Ala
675 680 685gct cag cca cta cag att cag tca gga gtt ctc acg cag gga
agc tgt 2112Ala Gln Pro Leu Gln Ile Gln Ser Gly Val Leu Thr Gln Gly
Ser Cys 690 695 700aca cca cta atg gta gca act ctc cac cct caa gta
gcc acc atc aca 2160Thr Pro Leu Met Val Ala Thr Leu His Pro Gln Val
Ala Thr Ile Thr705 710 715 720ccg cag tat gcg gtg ccc ttt act ctg
agc tgc gca gcc ggc cgg ccg 2208Pro Gln Tyr Ala Val Pro Phe Thr Leu
Ser Cys Ala Ala Gly Arg Pro 725 730 735gcg ctg gtt gaa cag act gcc
gct gta ctg cag gcg tgg cct gga ggg 2256Ala Leu Val Glu Gln Thr Ala
Ala Val Leu Gln Ala Trp Pro Gly Gly 740 745 750act cag caa att ctc
ctg cct tca act tgg caa cag ttg cct ggg gta 2304Thr Gln Gln Ile Leu
Leu Pro Ser Thr Trp Gln Gln Leu Pro Gly Val 755 760 765gct cta cac
aac tct gtc cag ccc aca gca atg att cca gag gcc atg 2352Ala Leu His
Asn Ser Val Gln Pro Thr Ala Met Ile Pro Glu Ala Met 770 775 780ggg
agt gga cag cag cta gct gac tgg agg aat gcc cac tct cat ggc 2400Gly
Ser Gly Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Trp Arg Asn Ala His Ser His Gly785 790
795 800aac cag tac agc act atc atg cag cag cca tcc ttg ctg act aac
cat 2448Asn Gln Tyr Ser Thr Ile Met Gln Gln Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Asn
His 805 810 815gtg aca ttg gcc act gct cag cct ctg aat gtt ggt gtt
gcc cat gtt 2496Val Thr Leu Ala Thr Ala Gln Pro Leu Asn Val Gly Val
Ala His Val 820 825 830gtc aga caa caa caa tcc agt tcc ctc cct tcg
aag aag aat aag cag 2544Val Arg Gln Gln Gln Ser Ser Ser Leu Pro Ser
Lys Lys Asn Lys Gln 835 840 845tca gct cca gtc tct tcc aag tcc tct
cta gat gtt ctg cct tcc caa 2592Ser Ala Pro Val Ser Ser Lys Ser Ser
Leu Asp Val Leu Pro Ser Gln 850 855 860gtc tat tct ctg gtt ggg agc
agt ccc ctc cgc acc aca tct tct tat 2640Val Tyr Ser Leu Val Gly Ser
Ser Pro Leu Arg Thr Thr Ser Ser Tyr865 870 875 880aat tcc ttg gtc
cct gtc caa gat cag cat cag ccc atc atc att cca 2688Asn Ser Leu Val
Pro Val Gln Asp Gln His Gln Pro Ile Ile Ile Pro 885 890 895gat act
ccc agc cct cct gtg agt gtc atc act atc cga agt gac act 2736Asp Thr
Pro Ser Pro Pro Val Ser Val Ile Thr Ile Arg Ser Asp Thr 900 905
910gat gag gaa gag gac aac aaa tac aag ccc agt agc tct gga ctg aag
2784Asp Glu Glu Glu Asp Asn Lys Tyr Lys Pro Ser Ser Ser Gly Leu Lys
915 920 925cca agg tct aat gtc atc agt tat gtc act gtc aat gat tct
cca gac 2832Pro Arg Ser Asn Val Ile Ser Tyr Val Thr Val Asn Asp Ser
Pro Asp 930 935 940tct gac tct tct ttg agc agc cct tat tcc act gat
acc ctg agt gct 2880Ser Asp Ser Ser Leu Ser Ser Pro Tyr Ser Thr Asp
Thr Leu Ser Ala945 950 955 960ctc cga ggc aat agt gga tcc gtt ttg
gag ggg cct ggc aga gtt gtg 2928Leu Arg Gly Asn Ser Gly Ser Val Leu
Glu Gly Pro Gly Arg Val Val 965 970 975gca gat ggc act ggc acc cgc
act atc att gtg cct cca ctg aaa act 2976Ala Asp Gly Thr Gly Thr Arg
Thr Ile Ile
Val Pro Pro Leu Lys Thr 980 985 990cag ctt ggt gac tgc act gta gca
acc cag gcc tca ggt ctc ctg agc 3024Gln Leu Gly Asp Cys Thr Val Ala
Thr Gln Ala Ser Gly Leu Leu Ser 995 1000 1005aat aag act aag cca
gtc gct tca gtg agt ggg cag tca tct gga tgc 3072Asn Lys Thr Lys Pro
Val Ala Ser Val Ser Gly Gln Ser Ser Gly Cys 1010 1015 1020tgt atc
acc ccc aca ggg tat cga gct caa cgc ggg ggg acc agt gca 3120Cys Ile
Thr Pro Thr Gly Tyr Arg Ala Gln Arg Gly Gly Thr Ser Ala1025 1030
1035 1040gca caa cca ctc aat ctt agc cag aac cag cag tca tcg gcg
gct cca 3168Ala Gln Pro Leu Asn Leu Ser Gln Asn Gln Gln Ser Ser Ala
Ala Pro 1045 1050 1055acc tca cag gag aga agc agc aac cca gcc ccc
cgc agg cag cag gcg 3216Thr Ser Gln Glu Arg Ser Ser Asn Pro Ala Pro
Arg Arg Gln Gln Ala 1060 1065 1070ttt gtg gcc cct ctc tcc caa gcc
ccc tac acc ttc cag cat ggc agc 3264Phe Val Ala Pro Leu Ser Gln Ala
Pro Tyr Thr Phe Gln His Gly Ser 1075 1080 1085ccg cta cac tcg aca
ggg cac cca cac ctt gcc ccg gcc cct gct cac 3312Pro Leu His Ser Thr
Gly His Pro His Leu Ala Pro Ala Pro Ala His 1090 1095 1100ctg cca
agc cag gct cat ctg tat acg tat gct gcc ccg act tct gct 3360Leu Pro
Ser Gln Ala His Leu Tyr Thr Tyr Ala Ala Pro Thr Ser Ala1105 1110
1115 1120gct gca ctg ggc tca acc agc tcc att gct cat ctt ttc tcc
cca cag 3408Ala Ala Leu Gly Ser Thr Ser Ser Ile Ala His Leu Phe Ser
Pro Gln 1125 1130 1135ggt tcc tca agg cat gct gca gcc tat acc act
cac cct agc act ttg 3456Gly Ser Ser Arg His Ala Ala Ala Tyr Thr Thr
His Pro Ser Thr Leu 1140 1145 1150gtg cac cag gtc cct gtc agt gtt
ggg ccc agc ctc ctc act tct gcc 3504Val His Gln Val Pro Val Ser Val
Gly Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Ser Ala 1155 1160 1165agc gtg gcc cct gct
cag tac caa cac cag ttt gcc acc caa tcc tac 3552Ser Val Ala Pro Ala
Gln Tyr Gln His Gln Phe Ala Thr Gln Ser Tyr 1170 1175 1180att ggg
tct tcc cga ggc tca aca att tac act gga tac ccg ctg agt 3600Ile Gly
Ser Ser Arg Gly Ser Thr Ile Tyr Thr Gly Tyr Pro Leu Ser1185 1190
1195 1200cct acc aag atc agc cag tat tcc tac tta tag 3633Pro Thr
Lys Ile Ser Gln Tyr Ser Tyr Leu * 1205 121091270PRTArtificial
SequenceSer/Thr kinase site consensus sequence 91Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa1 5 10 15Val Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys Xaa Xaa 20 25 30Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 35 40 45Xaa
Glu Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 50 55
60Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa65
70 75 80Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa 85 90 95Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa 100 105 110Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa His Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa His Arg Asp 115 120 125Xaa Lys Xaa Xaa Asn Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 130 135 140Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys Xaa
Xaa Asp Phe Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa145 150 155 160Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 165 170 175Xaa Pro Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Trp 180 185 190Xaa
Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 195 200
205Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
210 215 220Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa225 230 235 240Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Arg Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 245 250 255Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa His Xaa Xaa Xaa 260 265 2709230PRTArtificial
SequenceATP-binding region consensus sequence 92Gly Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa
Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa1 5 10 15Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys 20 25 3093214PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 93Tyr Glu Leu Leu Glu Lys Leu
Gly Glu Gly Ser Phe Gly Lys Val Tyr1 5 10 15Lys Ala Lys His Lys Thr
Gly Lys Ile Val Ala Val Lys Ile Leu Lys 20 25 30Lys Glu Ser Leu Ser
Leu Arg Glu Ile Gln Ile Leu Lys Arg Leu Ser 35 40 45His Pro Asn Ile
Val Arg Leu Leu Gly Val Phe Glu Asp Thr Asp Asp 50 55 60His Leu Tyr
Leu Val Met Glu Tyr Met Glu Gly Gly Asp Leu Phe Asp65 70 75 80Tyr
Leu Arg Arg Asn Gly Pro Leu Ser Glu Lys Glu Ala Lys Lys Ile 85 90
95Ala Leu Gln Ile Leu Arg Gly Leu Glu Tyr Leu His Ser Asn Gly Ile
100 105 110Val His Arg Asp Leu Lys Pro Glu Asn Ile Leu Leu Asp Glu
Asn Gly 115 120 125Thr Val Lys Ile Ala Asp Phe Gly Leu Ala Arg Leu
Leu Glu Lys Leu 130 135 140Thr Thr Phe Val Gly Thr Pro Trp Tyr Met
Met Ala Pro Glu Val Ile145 150 155 160Leu Glu Gly Arg Gly Tyr Ser
Ser Lys Val Asp Val Trp Ser Leu Gly 165 170 175Val Ile Leu Tyr Glu
Leu Leu Thr Gly Gly Pro Leu Phe Pro Gly Ala 180 185 190Asp Leu Pro
Ala Phe Thr Gly Gly Asp Glu Val Asp Gln Leu Ile Ile 195 200 205Phe
Val Leu Lys Leu Pro 2109430PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 94Lys Asp Leu Leu Lys Lys Cys Leu Asn Lys Asp
Pro Ser Lys Arg Pro1 5 10 15Gly Ser Ala Thr Ala Lys Glu Ile Leu Asn
His Pro Trp Phe 20 25 3095158PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 95Leu Asn Ala Gly Thr Lys Thr Thr Arg Phe Phe
Asn Arg Val Lys Ser1 5 10 15Glu Ser Pro Asn Asp Thr Asp Met Gly His
Ser Tyr Trp Arg Leu Lys 20 25 30Thr Pro Glu Glu His Glu Ala Glu Thr
Gly Thr Ala Lys Ser Lys Glu 35 40 45Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ile Phe Asn Cys
Leu Asp Asp Ile Ala His Val Asn 50 55 60Met Thr Met Asp Leu Glu Gly
Ser Asp Met Leu Cys Glu Lys Ala Asp65 70 75 80Arg Arg Glu Phe Val
Asp Leu Leu Lys Lys Met Leu Thr Ile Asp Ala 85 90 95Asp Phe Arg Ile
Thr Pro Ile Glu Thr Leu Asn His Pro Phe Val Thr 100 105 110Met Thr
His Leu Leu Asp Phe Pro His Ser Asn His Val Lys Ser Cys 115 120
125Phe His Asn Met Glu Ile Cys Lys Lys Pro Gly Asn Ser Cys Asp Thr
130 135 140Pro Asn His Ser Lys Thr Asn Leu Leu Thr Pro Val Ala
Pro145 150 15596135PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus
sequence 96Pro Thr Ser Tyr Ser Ile Arg Pro Glu Asn Ala Val Pro Phe
Val Thr1 5 10 15Gln Ala Pro Ala Ala Gln Pro Leu Gln Ile Gln Pro Gly
Val Leu Ala 20 25 30Gln Gln Ala Trp Pro Gly Gly Thr Gln Gln Ile Leu
Leu Pro Pro Ala 35 40 45Trp Gln Gln Leu Thr Gly Val Ala Pro His Thr
Ser Val Gln Pro Ala 50 55 60Ala Val Ile Pro Glu Ala Met Ala Gly Ser
Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Trp65 70 75 80Arg Asn Met His Ser His Gly Asn
His Tyr Asn Thr Ile Met Gln Gln 85 90 95Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Asn His
Val Thr Leu Ser Ala Ala Gln Pro Leu 100 105 110Asn Val Gly Val Ala
His Val Val Trp Gln Gln Pro Ser Ser Thr Lys 115 120 125Pro Ser Lys
Lys Cys Lys Gln 130 13597162PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 97Thr Gln Gln Ile Leu Leu Pro Pro Ala Trp Gln
Gln Leu Thr Gly Val1 5 10 15Ala Pro His Thr Ser Val Gln Pro Ala Ala
Val Ile Pro Glu Ala Met 20 25 30Ala Gly Ser Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Trp
Arg Asn Met His Ser His Gly 35 40 45Asn His Tyr Asn Thr Ile Met Gln
Gln Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Asn His 50 55 60Val Thr Leu Ser Ala Ala Gln
Pro Leu Asn Val Gly Val Ala His Val65 70 75 80Val Trp Gln Gln Pro
Ser Ser Thr Lys Pro Ser Lys Lys Cys Lys Gln 85 90 95His Gln Ile Leu
Val Lys Leu Met Glu Trp Glu Pro Gly Arg Glu Glu 100 105 110Ile Asn
Ala Phe Ser Pro Val Asn Ser Leu Ser Asn Cys Glu Val Pro 115 120
125His Ser Gln Phe Ile Ser Pro Pro Ile Ile Ser Gly Lys Glu Val Glu
130 135 140Glu Ser Ser Pro Ile Arg Thr Thr Asp Asn His Asn Ser Pro
Gly Pro145 150 155 160Cys Gln9855PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid
consensus sequence 98Ser Ile Arg Pro Glu Asn Ala Val Pro Phe Val
Thr Gln Ala Pro Ala1 5 10 15Ala Gln Pro Leu Gln Ile Gln Pro Gly Val
Leu Ala Gln Gln Ala Trp 20 25 30Pro Gly Gly Thr Gln Gln Ile Leu Leu
Pro Pro Ala Trp Gln Gln Leu 35 40 45Thr Gly Val Ala Pro His Thr 50
5599188PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 99Gly
Tyr Arg Gln Gln Arg Pro Gly Pro His Phe Gln Gln Gln Gln Pro1 5 10
15Leu Asn Leu Ser Gln Ala Gln His His Gly Ser Ala His Gln Glu Trp
20 25 30Asn His Ser Ser Asn Phe Gly His Arg Arg Gln Gln Ala Tyr Ile
Pro 35 40 45Pro Thr Met Thr Gln Ala Pro Tyr Thr Phe Pro His Gly Ser
Pro Asn 50 55 60His Ser Thr Val His Pro His Leu Ala Gly Ala Pro Ala
His Leu Pro65 70 75 80Gly Gln Pro His Leu Tyr Thr Tyr Pro Ala Pro
Thr Ser Ala Ala Ala 85 90 95Leu Gly Ser Thr Gly Pro Val Ala His Leu
Leu Ala Ser Gln Gly Ser 100 105 110Ser Arg His Met Val Gln His Thr
Thr Tyr Asn Ile Ser His Pro Ser 115 120 125Gly Ile Val His Gln Val
Pro Val Ser Met Gly Pro Arg Leu Leu Pro 130 135 140Ser Pro Thr Ile
His Pro Thr Gln Tyr Lys Pro Gln Phe Ala Pro Gln145 150 155 160Ser
Tyr Ile Ala Ala Ser Pro Ala Ser Thr Val Tyr Thr Gly Tyr Pro 165 170
175Leu Ser Pro Thr Lys Ile Ser Gln Tyr Pro Tyr Met 180
1851001281DNAHomo sapiensCDS(49)...(1239) 100ctgcccggat agtataaatc
gaggatccag gtctgggcag attcaacc atg gga gcc 57 Met Gly Ala 1aac act
tca aga aaa cca cca gtg ttt gat gaa aat gaa gat gtc aac 105Asn Thr
Ser Arg Lys Pro Pro Val Phe Asp Glu Asn Glu Asp Val Asn 5 10 15ttt
gac cac ttt gaa att ttg cga gcc att ggg aaa ggc agt ttt ggg 153Phe
Asp His Phe Glu Ile Leu Arg Ala Ile Gly Lys Gly Ser Phe Gly 20 25
30 35aag gtc tgc att gta cag aag aat gat acc aag aag atg tac gca
atg 201Lys Val Cys Ile Val Gln Lys Asn Asp Thr Lys Lys Met Tyr Ala
Met 40 45 50aag tac atg aat aaa caa aag tgc gtg gag cgc aat gaa gtg
aga aat 249Lys Tyr Met Asn Lys Gln Lys Cys Val Glu Arg Asn Glu Val
Arg Asn 55 60 65gtc ttc aag gaa ctc cag atc atg cag ggt ctg gag cac
cct ttc ctg 297Val Phe Lys Glu Leu Gln Ile Met Gln Gly Leu Glu His
Pro Phe Leu 70 75 80gtt aat ttg tgg tat tcc ttc caa gat gag gaa gac
atg ttc atg gtg 345Val Asn Leu Trp Tyr Ser Phe Gln Asp Glu Glu Asp
Met Phe Met Val 85 90 95gtg gac ctc ctg ctg ggt gga gac ctg cgt tat
cac ctg caa cag aac 393Val Asp Leu Leu Leu Gly Gly Asp Leu Arg Tyr
His Leu Gln Gln Asn100 105 110 115gtc cac ttc aag gaa gaa aca gtg
aag ctc ttc atc tgt gag ctg gtc 441Val His Phe Lys Glu Glu Thr Val
Lys Leu Phe Ile Cys Glu Leu Val 120 125 130atg gcc ctg gac tac ctg
cag aac cag cgc atc att cac agg gat atg 489Met Ala Leu Asp Tyr Leu
Gln Asn Gln Arg Ile Ile His Arg Asp Met 135 140 145aag cct gac aat
att tta ctt gac gaa cat ggg cac gtg cac atc aca 537Lys Pro Asp Asn
Ile Leu Leu Asp Glu His Gly His Val His Ile Thr 150 155 160gat ttc
aac att gct gcg atg ctg ccc agg gag ata cag att acc acc 585Asp Phe
Asn Ile Ala Ala Met Leu Pro Arg Glu Ile Gln Ile Thr Thr 165 170
175atg gct ggc acc aag cct tac atg gca cct gag atg ttc agc tcc aga
633Met Ala Gly Thr Lys Pro Tyr Met Ala Pro Glu Met Phe Ser Ser
Arg180 185 190 195aaa gga gca ggc tat tcc ttt gct gtt gac tgg tgg
tcc ctg gga gtg 681Lys Gly Ala Gly Tyr Ser Phe Ala Val Asp Trp Trp
Ser Leu Gly Val 200 205 210acg gca tat gaa ctg ctg aga ggc cgg aga
ccg tat cat att cgc tcc 729Thr Ala Tyr Glu Leu Leu Arg Gly Arg Arg
Pro Tyr His Ile Arg Ser 215 220 225agt act tcc agc aag gaa att gta
cac acg ttt gag acg act gtt gta 777Ser Thr Ser Ser Lys Glu Ile Val
His Thr Phe Glu Thr Thr Val Val 230 235 240act tac cct tct gcc tgg
tca cag gaa atg gtg tca ctt ctt aaa aag 825Thr Tyr Pro Ser Ala Trp
Ser Gln Glu Met Val Ser Leu Leu Lys Lys 245 250 255cta ctc gaa cct
aat cca gac caa cga ttt tct cag tta tct gat gtc 873Leu Leu Glu Pro
Asn Pro Asp Gln Arg Phe Ser Gln Leu Ser Asp Val260 265 270 275cag
aac ttc ccg tat atg aat gat ata aac tgg gat gca gtt ttt cag 921Gln
Asn Phe Pro Tyr Met Asn Asp Ile Asn Trp Asp Ala Val Phe Gln 280 285
290aag agg ctc att cca ggt ttc att cct aat aaa ggc agg ctg aat tgt
969Lys Arg Leu Ile Pro Gly Phe Ile Pro Asn Lys Gly Arg Leu Asn Cys
295 300 305gat cct acc ttt gaa ctt gag gaa atg att ttg gag tcc aaa
cct cta 1017Asp Pro Thr Phe Glu Leu Glu Glu Met Ile Leu Glu Ser Lys
Pro Leu 310 315 320cat aag aaa aaa aag cgt ctg gca aag aag gag aag
gat atg agg aaa 1065His Lys Lys Lys Lys Arg Leu Ala Lys Lys Glu Lys
Asp Met Arg Lys 325 330 335tgc gat tct tct cag aca tgt ctt ctt caa
gag cac ctt gac tct gtc 1113Cys Asp Ser Ser Gln Thr Cys Leu Leu Gln
Glu His Leu Asp Ser Val340 345 350 355cag aag gag ttc ata att ttc
aac aga gaa aaa gta aac agg gac ttt 1161Gln Lys Glu Phe Ile Ile Phe
Asn Arg Glu Lys Val Asn Arg Asp Phe 360 365 370aac aaa aga caa cca
aat cta gcc ttg gaa caa acc aaa gac cca caa 1209Asn Lys Arg Gln Pro
Asn Leu Ala Leu Glu Gln Thr Lys Asp Pro Gln 375 380 385ggt gag gat
ggt cag aat aac aac ttg taa aggcctcatg tcttcttctt 1259Gly Glu Asp
Gly Gln Asn Asn Asn Leu * 390 395gggacaatct catgccagaa ac
1281101396PRTHomo sapiens 101Met Gly Ala Asn Thr Ser Arg Lys Pro
Pro Val Phe Asp Glu Asn Glu1 5 10 15Asp Val Asn Phe Asp His Phe Glu
Ile Leu Arg Ala Ile Gly Lys Gly 20 25 30Ser Phe Gly Lys Val Cys Ile
Val Gln Lys Asn Asp Thr Lys Lys Met 35 40 45Tyr Ala Met Lys Tyr Met
Asn Lys Gln Lys Cys Val Glu Arg Asn Glu 50 55 60Val Arg Asn Val Phe
Lys Glu Leu Gln Ile Met Gln Gly Leu Glu His65 70 75 80Pro Phe Leu
Val Asn Leu Trp Tyr Ser Phe Gln Asp Glu Glu Asp Met 85 90 95Phe Met
Val Val Asp Leu Leu Leu Gly Gly Asp Leu Arg Tyr His Leu 100 105
110Gln Gln Asn Val His Phe
Lys Glu Glu Thr Val Lys Leu Phe Ile Cys 115 120 125Glu Leu Val Met
Ala Leu Asp Tyr Leu Gln Asn Gln Arg Ile Ile His 130 135 140Arg Asp
Met Lys Pro Asp Asn Ile Leu Leu Asp Glu His Gly His Val145 150 155
160His Ile Thr Asp Phe Asn Ile Ala Ala Met Leu Pro Arg Glu Ile Gln
165 170 175Ile Thr Thr Met Ala Gly Thr Lys Pro Tyr Met Ala Pro Glu
Met Phe 180 185 190Ser Ser Arg Lys Gly Ala Gly Tyr Ser Phe Ala Val
Asp Trp Trp Ser 195 200 205Leu Gly Val Thr Ala Tyr Glu Leu Leu Arg
Gly Arg Arg Pro Tyr His 210 215 220Ile Arg Ser Ser Thr Ser Ser Lys
Glu Ile Val His Thr Phe Glu Thr225 230 235 240Thr Val Val Thr Tyr
Pro Ser Ala Trp Ser Gln Glu Met Val Ser Leu 245 250 255Leu Lys Lys
Leu Leu Glu Pro Asn Pro Asp Gln Arg Phe Ser Gln Leu 260 265 270Ser
Asp Val Gln Asn Phe Pro Tyr Met Asn Asp Ile Asn Trp Asp Ala 275 280
285Val Phe Gln Lys Arg Leu Ile Pro Gly Phe Ile Pro Asn Lys Gly Arg
290 295 300Leu Asn Cys Asp Pro Thr Phe Glu Leu Glu Glu Met Ile Leu
Glu Ser305 310 315 320Lys Pro Leu His Lys Lys Lys Lys Arg Leu Ala
Lys Lys Glu Lys Asp 325 330 335Met Arg Lys Cys Asp Ser Ser Gln Thr
Cys Leu Leu Gln Glu His Leu 340 345 350Asp Ser Val Gln Lys Glu Phe
Ile Ile Phe Asn Arg Glu Lys Val Asn 355 360 365Arg Asp Phe Asn Lys
Arg Gln Pro Asn Leu Ala Leu Glu Gln Thr Lys 370 375 380Asp Pro Gln
Gly Glu Asp Gly Gln Asn Asn Asn Leu385 390 3951021191DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(1)...(1191) 102atg gga gcc aac act tca aga aaa cca cca
gtg ttt gat gaa aat gaa 48Met Gly Ala Asn Thr Ser Arg Lys Pro Pro
Val Phe Asp Glu Asn Glu 1 5 10 15gat gtc aac ttt gac cac ttt gaa
att ttg cga gcc att ggg aaa ggc 96Asp Val Asn Phe Asp His Phe Glu
Ile Leu Arg Ala Ile Gly Lys Gly 20 25 30agt ttt ggg aag gtc tgc att
gta cag aag aat gat acc aag aag atg 144Ser Phe Gly Lys Val Cys Ile
Val Gln Lys Asn Asp Thr Lys Lys Met 35 40 45tac gca atg aag tac atg
aat aaa caa aag tgc gtg gag cgc aat gaa 192Tyr Ala Met Lys Tyr Met
Asn Lys Gln Lys Cys Val Glu Arg Asn Glu 50 55 60gtg aga aat gtc ttc
aag gaa ctc cag atc atg cag ggt ctg gag cac 240Val Arg Asn Val Phe
Lys Glu Leu Gln Ile Met Gln Gly Leu Glu His 65 70 75 80cct ttc ctg
gtt aat ttg tgg tat tcc ttc caa gat gag gaa gac atg 288Pro Phe Leu
Val Asn Leu Trp Tyr Ser Phe Gln Asp Glu Glu Asp Met 85 90 95ttc atg
gtg gtg gac ctc ctg ctg ggt gga gac ctg cgt tat cac ctg 336Phe Met
Val Val Asp Leu Leu Leu Gly Gly Asp Leu Arg Tyr His Leu 100 105
110caa cag aac gtc cac ttc aag gaa gaa aca gtg aag ctc ttc atc tgt
384Gln Gln Asn Val His Phe Lys Glu Glu Thr Val Lys Leu Phe Ile Cys
115 120 125gag ctg gtc atg gcc ctg gac tac ctg cag aac cag cgc atc
att cac 432Glu Leu Val Met Ala Leu Asp Tyr Leu Gln Asn Gln Arg Ile
Ile His 130 135 140agg gat atg aag cct gac aat att tta ctt gac gaa
cat ggg cac gtg 480Arg Asp Met Lys Pro Asp Asn Ile Leu Leu Asp Glu
His Gly His Val145 150 155 160cac atc aca gat ttc aac att gct gcg
atg ctg ccc agg gag ata cag 528His Ile Thr Asp Phe Asn Ile Ala Ala
Met Leu Pro Arg Glu Ile Gln 165 170 175att acc acc atg gct ggc acc
aag cct tac atg gca cct gag atg ttc 576Ile Thr Thr Met Ala Gly Thr
Lys Pro Tyr Met Ala Pro Glu Met Phe 180 185 190agc tcc aga aaa gga
gca ggc tat tcc ttt gct gtt gac tgg tgg tcc 624Ser Ser Arg Lys Gly
Ala Gly Tyr Ser Phe Ala Val Asp Trp Trp Ser 195 200 205ctg gga gtg
acg gca tat gaa ctg ctg aga ggc cgg aga ccg tat cat 672Leu Gly Val
Thr Ala Tyr Glu Leu Leu Arg Gly Arg Arg Pro Tyr His 210 215 220att
cgc tcc agt act tcc agc aag gaa att gta cac acg ttt gag acg 720Ile
Arg Ser Ser Thr Ser Ser Lys Glu Ile Val His Thr Phe Glu Thr225 230
235 240act gtt gta act tac cct tct gcc tgg tca cag gaa atg gtg tca
ctt 768Thr Val Val Thr Tyr Pro Ser Ala Trp Ser Gln Glu Met Val Ser
Leu 245 250 255ctt aaa aag cta ctc gaa cct aat cca gac caa cga ttt
tct cag tta 816Leu Lys Lys Leu Leu Glu Pro Asn Pro Asp Gln Arg Phe
Ser Gln Leu 260 265 270tct gat gtc cag aac ttc ccg tat atg aat gat
ata aac tgg gat gca 864Ser Asp Val Gln Asn Phe Pro Tyr Met Asn Asp
Ile Asn Trp Asp Ala 275 280 285gtt ttt cag aag agg ctc att cca ggt
ttc att cct aat aaa ggc agg 912Val Phe Gln Lys Arg Leu Ile Pro Gly
Phe Ile Pro Asn Lys Gly Arg 290 295 300ctg aat tgt gat cct acc ttt
gaa ctt gag gaa atg att ttg gag tcc 960Leu Asn Cys Asp Pro Thr Phe
Glu Leu Glu Glu Met Ile Leu Glu Ser305 310 315 320aaa cct cta cat
aag aaa aaa aag cgt ctg gca aag aag gag aag gat 1008Lys Pro Leu His
Lys Lys Lys Lys Arg Leu Ala Lys Lys Glu Lys Asp 325 330 335atg agg
aaa tgc gat tct tct cag aca tgt ctt ctt caa gag cac ctt 1056Met Arg
Lys Cys Asp Ser Ser Gln Thr Cys Leu Leu Gln Glu His Leu 340 345
350gac tct gtc cag aag gag ttc ata att ttc aac aga gaa aaa gta aac
1104Asp Ser Val Gln Lys Glu Phe Ile Ile Phe Asn Arg Glu Lys Val Asn
355 360 365agg gac ttt aac aaa aga caa cca aat cta gcc ttg gaa caa
acc aaa 1152Arg Asp Phe Asn Lys Arg Gln Pro Asn Leu Ala Leu Glu Gln
Thr Lys 370 375 380gac cca caa ggt gag gat ggt cag aat aac aac ttg
taa 1191Asp Pro Gln Gly Glu Asp Gly Gln Asn Asn Asn Leu *385 390
395103270PRTArtificial SequenceSer/Thr kinase site consensus
sequence 103Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa1 5 10 15Val Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Lys Xaa Xaa 20 25 30Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 35 40 45Xaa Glu Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 50 55 60Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa65 70 75 80Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 85 90 95Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 100 105 110Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa His
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa His Arg Asp 115 120 125Xaa Lys Xaa
Xaa Asn Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 130 135 140Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys Xaa Xaa Asp Phe Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa145 150
155 160Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa 165 170 175Xaa Pro Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Trp 180 185 190Xaa Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 195 200 205Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 210 215 220Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa225 230 235 240Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Arg Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa 245 250 255Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa His Xaa Xaa Xaa 260 265
27010430PRTArtificial SequenceATP-binding region consensus sequence
104Gly Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa1
5 10 15Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys 20
25 30105278PRTArtificial SequenceEukaryotic protein kinase domain
105Tyr Glu Leu Leu Glu Lys Leu Gly Glu Gly Ser Phe Gly Lys Val Tyr1
5 10 15Lys Ala Lys His Lys Thr Gly Lys Ile Val Ala Val Lys Ile Leu
Lys 20 25 30Lys Glu Ser Leu Ser Leu Arg Glu Ile Gln Ile Leu Lys Arg
Leu Ser 35 40 45His Pro Asn Ile Val Arg Leu Leu Gly Val Phe Glu Asp
Thr Asp Asp 50 55 60His Leu Tyr Leu Val Met Glu Tyr Met Glu Gly Gly
Asp Leu Phe Asp65 70 75 80Tyr Leu Arg Arg Asn Gly Pro Leu Ser Glu
Lys Glu Ala Lys Lys Ile 85 90 95Ala Leu Gln Ile Leu Arg Gly Leu Glu
Tyr Leu His Ser Asn Gly Ile 100 105 110Val His Arg Asp Leu Lys Pro
Glu Asn Ile Leu Leu Asp Glu Asn Gly 115 120 125Thr Val Lys Ile Ala
Asp Phe Gly Leu Ala Arg Leu Leu Glu Lys Leu 130 135 140Thr Thr Phe
Val Gly Thr Pro Trp Tyr Met Met Ala Pro Glu Val Ile145 150 155
160Leu Glu Gly Arg Gly Tyr Ser Ser Lys Val Asp Val Trp Ser Leu Gly
165 170 175Val Ile Leu Tyr Glu Leu Leu Thr Gly Gly Pro Leu Phe Pro
Gly Ala 180 185 190Asp Leu Pro Ala Phe Thr Gly Gly Asp Glu Val Asp
Gln Leu Ile Ile 195 200 205Phe Val Leu Lys Leu Pro Phe Ser Asp Glu
Leu Pro Lys Thr Arg Ile 210 215 220Asp Pro Leu Glu Glu Leu Phe Arg
Ile Lys Lys Arg Arg Leu Pro Leu225 230 235 240Pro Ser Asn Cys Ser
Glu Glu Leu Lys Asp Leu Leu Lys Lys Cys Leu 245 250 255Asn Lys Asp
Pro Ser Lys Arg Pro Gly Ser Ala Thr Ala Lys Glu Ile 260 265 270Leu
Asn His Pro Trp Phe 27510620PRTArtificial SequenceProtein kinase C
terminal domain 106Arg Glu Ile Asp Trp Asp Lys Leu Glu Asn Lys Glu
Ile Glu Pro Pro1 5 10 15Phe Lys Pro Lys 20107129PRTArtificial
SequenceKinase protein transferase ATP-binding
serine/threonine-protein phosphorylation receptor tyrosine-protein
precursor transmembrane 107Pro Tyr Tyr Val Ser Met Lys Ser Met Ala
Pro Glu Tyr Met Ala Pro1 5 10 15Glu Ser Ser Ala Thr Asn Tyr Gln Lys
Tyr Ser Thr Lys Ser Asp Val 20 25 30Trp Ser Phe Gly Val Ile Leu Tyr
Glu Met Leu Thr Gly Lys Pro Pro 35 40 45Phe Phe Pro Gly Glu Ser Glu
Val Ser Glu Glu Glu Pro Tyr Gln Ser 50 55 60Met Lys Asn Met Glu Val
Leu Glu Met Gly Pro Glu Glu Thr Ile Gln65 70 75 80Lys Val Met Ser
Lys Ile Val Glu Lys Lys Gly Glu Arg Met Pro Gln 85 90 95Pro Ser Ser
Ser Asn Cys Pro Glu Val Ser Gln Glu Ala Lys Asp Leu 100 105 110Leu
Lys Lys Cys Leu Gln Lys Asp Pro Glu Lys Arg Arg Pro Thr Phe 115 120
125Glu10843PRTArtificial SequenceKinase protein transferase
ATP-binding serine/threonine-protein phosphorylation receptor
tyrosine-protein precursor transmembrane 108Tyr Val His Gln Ile Ala
Lys Gly Leu Glu Tyr Leu His Ser Lys Asn1 5 10 15Gln Lys His Gln Gly
Ile Ile His Arg Ala Lys Lys Val Asp Leu Lys 20 25 30Pro Glu Asn Ile
Leu Leu Asp Glu Glu Ser His 35 4010953PRTArtificial SequenceKinase
protein transferase ATP-binding serine/threonine-protein
phosphorylation receptor tyrosine-protein precursor transmembrane
109Tyr Glu Leu Leu Lys Lys Leu Leu Gly Lys Gly Ser Phe Gly Lys Val1
5 10 15Tyr Lys Ala Lys His Lys Ser Thr Ser Thr Thr Gly Glu Val Val
Ala 20 25 30Val Lys Val Met Lys Lys Lys Lys Val Met Glu Lys Ser Ser
Lys Glu 35 40 45Ser Ser Ser Lys Lys 5011031PRTArtificial
SequenceKinase protein transferase ATP-binding
serine/threonine-protein phosphorylation receptor tyrosine-protein
precursor transmembrane 110Ser Gln Glu Ala Lys Asp Leu Leu Lys Lys
Cys Leu Gln Lys Asp Pro1 5 10 15Glu Lys Arg Arg Pro Thr Phe Glu Glu
Ile Leu Gln His Pro Trp 20 25 3011187PRTArtificial SequenceM03C11.1
protein 111Tyr Thr Glu Arg Ile Asp Phe Lys Ser Val Phe Glu Lys Lys
Pro Ser1 5 10 15Pro Val Phe Ile Pro Cys Lys Glu Gly Leu Asn Cys Asp
Pro Met Tyr 20 25 30Glu Leu Glu Glu Arg Ile Leu Val Ser Thr Pro Ile
His Arg Arg Arg 35 40 45Thr Asn His Asn Asn Ser Ser Gly Arg Ser Ser
Ser Glu Pro Gln Asn 50 55 60Ala Ala Leu Val Glu Val Ser Lys Ala Phe
Ile Asp Phe Ser Arg His65 70 75 80Asn Val Lys Ile Glu Pro Asn
8511272PRTArtificial SequenceF8K4.6 protein 112Thr Asp Pro Ala Ile
Trp Leu Lys Leu Glu Ala Ala Ile Glu Glu Phe1 5 10 15Ile Gln Ser Asn
Pro Gln Val Phe Lys Asn Val Cys Glu Arg Leu Thr 20 25 30Leu Pro Phe
Leu Asn Asp Glu Lys Trp Cys Asp Asn Leu Lys Pro Arg 35 40 45Phe Met
Asn Gly Lys Leu Pro Asn Ser Arg Val Glu Ser Ser Pro Ser 50 55 60Leu
Gly Trp Arg Arg Asn Val Leu65 701133577DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(47)...(2386) 113ctcctcagat cggtggacgt gctcgcctcc
actcggggcc aggtct atg tcc cgg 55 Met Ser Arg 1ttt ccc gca gtc gcg
ggc agg gcg cca agg cgg cag gag gag ggt gag 103Phe Pro Ala Val Ala
Gly Arg Ala Pro Arg Arg Gln Glu Glu Gly Glu 5 10 15cgg tca aga gac
ctc cag gaa gag cgg ctc tcg gct gtt tgc atc gcc 151Arg Ser Arg Asp
Leu Gln Glu Glu Arg Leu Ser Ala Val Cys Ile Ala 20 25 30 35gat aga
gaa gag aaa gga tgc acg tcc cag gag gga gga act act cca 199Asp Arg
Glu Glu Lys Gly Cys Thr Ser Gln Glu Gly Gly Thr Thr Pro 40 45 50act
ttt cct att cag aaa caa aga aaa aag att att caa gct gtg agg 247Thr
Phe Pro Ile Gln Lys Gln Arg Lys Lys Ile Ile Gln Ala Val Arg 55 60
65gac aat tca ttc ctt att gtt act gga aat aca gga agt ggt aaa aca
295Asp Asn Ser Phe Leu Ile Val Thr Gly Asn Thr Gly Ser Gly Lys Thr
70 75 80act caa ctc cca aaa tat cta tat gaa gca ggg ttt tca caa cat
ggt 343Thr Gln Leu Pro Lys Tyr Leu Tyr Glu Ala Gly Phe Ser Gln His
Gly 85 90 95atg att ggt gta act caa cca cga aaa gta gct gct ata tca
gtt gct 391Met Ile Gly Val Thr Gln Pro Arg Lys Val Ala Ala Ile Ser
Val Ala100 105 110 115cag aga gta gct gaa gaa atg aaa tgc act ttg
gga tcc aaa gta gga 439Gln Arg Val Ala Glu Glu Met Lys Cys Thr Leu
Gly Ser Lys Val Gly 120 125 130tac caa gtt cgt ttt gat gat tgc agt
tct aag gag aca gca atc aaa 487Tyr Gln Val Arg Phe Asp Asp Cys Ser
Ser Lys Glu Thr Ala Ile Lys 135 140 145tat atg act gat gga tgt tta
ctg aaa cat att ctg gga gac cca aat 535Tyr Met Thr Asp Gly Cys Leu
Leu Lys His Ile Leu Gly Asp Pro Asn 150 155 160ctt acc aaa ttc agt
gtc att att ttg gat gaa gcc cat gaa aga act 583Leu Thr Lys Phe Ser
Val Ile Ile Leu Asp Glu Ala His Glu Arg Thr 165 170 175cta act aca
gat atc tta ttt ggt tta ttg aag aag cta ttt cag gag 631Leu Thr Thr
Asp Ile Leu Phe Gly Leu Leu Lys Lys Leu Phe Gln Glu180 185 190
195aag tct cct aat agg aag gag cat tta aaa gtg gtg gta atg tca gca
679Lys Ser Pro Asn Arg Lys Glu His Leu Lys Val Val Val Met Ser Ala
200 205 210act atg gaa tta gcc aag ctc tct gca ttc ttt gga aat tgt
cca ata 727Thr Met Glu Leu Ala Lys Leu Ser Ala Phe Phe Gly Asn Cys
Pro Ile 215 220 225ttt gat ata cct gga agg
ctt tat cca gtc aga gag aaa ttc tgc aat 775Phe Asp Ile Pro Gly Arg
Leu Tyr Pro Val Arg Glu Lys Phe Cys Asn 230 235 240ttg att ggt cca
cga gac aga gaa aat act gcg tat att caa gcg att 823Leu Ile Gly Pro
Arg Asp Arg Glu Asn Thr Ala Tyr Ile Gln Ala Ile 245 250 255gtg aaa
gtc acc atg gat atc cat ttg aat gaa atg gct gga gac atc 871Val Lys
Val Thr Met Asp Ile His Leu Asn Glu Met Ala Gly Asp Ile260 265 270
275ttg gtt ttt ctg act ggc cag ttt gaa ata gaa aaa agt tgt gag tta
919Leu Val Phe Leu Thr Gly Gln Phe Glu Ile Glu Lys Ser Cys Glu Leu
280 285 290ctt ttt cag atg gca gag tct gtt gat tat gat tat gat gtt
caa gat 967Leu Phe Gln Met Ala Glu Ser Val Asp Tyr Asp Tyr Asp Val
Gln Asp 295 300 305acc acc ctc gat ggc ttg tta ata ttg ccg tgt tat
gga tca atg aca 1015Thr Thr Leu Asp Gly Leu Leu Ile Leu Pro Cys Tyr
Gly Ser Met Thr 310 315 320aca gat caa cag agg agg ata ttt ttg cca
cca cca cct gga att aga 1063Thr Asp Gln Gln Arg Arg Ile Phe Leu Pro
Pro Pro Pro Gly Ile Arg 325 330 335aaa tgt gtc ata tcc acc aat att
tct gca acg tct ttg aca ata gat 1111Lys Cys Val Ile Ser Thr Asn Ile
Ser Ala Thr Ser Leu Thr Ile Asp340 345 350 355gga atc aga tat gtg
gta gat ggt ggc ttc gtg aag cag tta aat cac 1159Gly Ile Arg Tyr Val
Val Asp Gly Gly Phe Val Lys Gln Leu Asn His 360 365 370aac ccc aga
tta ggg ttg gac atc ctg gag gtg gtt cca att tca aag 1207Asn Pro Arg
Leu Gly Leu Asp Ile Leu Glu Val Val Pro Ile Ser Lys 375 380 385agc
gag gca tta cag cga agt ggc cga gct ggc agg act tct tca gga 1255Ser
Glu Ala Leu Gln Arg Ser Gly Arg Ala Gly Arg Thr Ser Ser Gly 390 395
400aaa tgc ttt cgg atc tat agt aaa gat ttt tgg aac cag tgt atg cct
1303Lys Cys Phe Arg Ile Tyr Ser Lys Asp Phe Trp Asn Gln Cys Met Pro
405 410 415gac cat gtg atc cct gaa att aag aga act agt ttg aca tct
gta gtt 1351Asp His Val Ile Pro Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Ser Leu Thr Ser
Val Val420 425 430 435ctg acc tta aag tgc ctt gcc ata cac gat gtc
ata agg ttt ccc tat 1399Leu Thr Leu Lys Cys Leu Ala Ile His Asp Val
Ile Arg Phe Pro Tyr 440 445 450ttg gat cca cct aat gag aga ctt att
tta gaa gct ctt aaa caa ctt 1447Leu Asp Pro Pro Asn Glu Arg Leu Ile
Leu Glu Ala Leu Lys Gln Leu 455 460 465tac cag tgt gat gct att gac
agg agt ggc cat gtc acc aga ttg ggt 1495Tyr Gln Cys Asp Ala Ile Asp
Arg Ser Gly His Val Thr Arg Leu Gly 470 475 480ttg tct atg gtg gag
ttt cct ttg cct cca cat ctg aca tgt gca gta 1543Leu Ser Met Val Glu
Phe Pro Leu Pro Pro His Leu Thr Cys Ala Val 485 490 495ata aaa gct
gct tcc ctg gat tgt gaa gat cta cta ctt cca ata gca 1591Ile Lys Ala
Ala Ser Leu Asp Cys Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu Pro Ile Ala500 505 510
515gca atg ttg tct gtg gaa aac gtc ttc att aga cct gtt gat cca gag
1639Ala Met Leu Ser Val Glu Asn Val Phe Ile Arg Pro Val Asp Pro Glu
520 525 530tac cag aag gaa gca gaa cag aga cat cga gaa ttg gca gct
aaa gct 1687Tyr Gln Lys Glu Ala Glu Gln Arg His Arg Glu Leu Ala Ala
Lys Ala 535 540 545gga gga ttt aat gac ttt gca act tta gct gtc atc
ttt gaa caa tgc 1735Gly Gly Phe Asn Asp Phe Ala Thr Leu Ala Val Ile
Phe Glu Gln Cys 550 555 560aaa tca agt gga gct cca gct tca tgg tgc
caa aaa cac tgg att cat 1783Lys Ser Ser Gly Ala Pro Ala Ser Trp Cys
Gln Lys His Trp Ile His 565 570 575tgg agg tgc tta ttt tct gca ttt
cgt gtg gaa gct caa ctt cga gaa 1831Trp Arg Cys Leu Phe Ser Ala Phe
Arg Val Glu Ala Gln Leu Arg Glu580 585 590 595cta atc agg aag ctt
aaa cag caa agt gat ttc cca aaa gag acc ttt 1879Leu Ile Arg Lys Leu
Lys Gln Gln Ser Asp Phe Pro Lys Glu Thr Phe 600 605 610gaa ggc cct
aaa cat gaa gta cta cga aga tgt ctt tgt gcg ggc tat 1927Glu Gly Pro
Lys His Glu Val Leu Arg Arg Cys Leu Cys Ala Gly Tyr 615 620 625ttc
aaa aat gta gct cga aga tct gtt ggg aga acg ttt tgc aca atg 1975Phe
Lys Asn Val Ala Arg Arg Ser Val Gly Arg Thr Phe Cys Thr Met 630 635
640gat ggt cgt gga agc cca gtt cac att cat cct tcc tca gca ctt cat
2023Asp Gly Arg Gly Ser Pro Val His Ile His Pro Ser Ser Ala Leu His
645 650 655gaa cag gaa acc aaa ctt gaa tgg atc att ttt cat gag gta
ttg gtt 2071Glu Gln Glu Thr Lys Leu Glu Trp Ile Ile Phe His Glu Val
Leu Val660 665 670 675acc acc aaa gtc tac gca aga att gta tgc cca
atc cgt tat gaa tgg 2119Thr Thr Lys Val Tyr Ala Arg Ile Val Cys Pro
Ile Arg Tyr Glu Trp 680 685 690gta aga gac ttg tta ccc aag ttg cat
gaa ttt aat gca cat gat ttg 2167Val Arg Asp Leu Leu Pro Lys Leu His
Glu Phe Asn Ala His Asp Leu 695 700 705agc agt gtg gcc cga cgt gaa
gtg aga gaa gat gca aga agg aga tgg 2215Ser Ser Val Ala Arg Arg Glu
Val Arg Glu Asp Ala Arg Arg Arg Trp 710 715 720aca aat aag gaa aat
gta aag cag cta aag gat gga ata tcg aaa gac 2263Thr Asn Lys Glu Asn
Val Lys Gln Leu Lys Asp Gly Ile Ser Lys Asp 725 730 735gtc tta aag
aaa atg caa aga aga aat gat gac aaa tcc ata tct gat 2311Val Leu Lys
Lys Met Gln Arg Arg Asn Asp Asp Lys Ser Ile Ser Asp740 745 750
755gca cgg gct cgt ttc ctt gag aga aag cag cag agg acc cag gac cac
2359Ala Arg Ala Arg Phe Leu Glu Arg Lys Gln Gln Arg Thr Gln Asp His
760 765 770agt gac aca cga aag gaa aca ggc taa ggtggtgaac
cctccaattc 2406Ser Asp Thr Arg Lys Glu Thr Gly * 775aggaagtggg
aaaaggagcc aggaaatgtg cttctacttt gccagttatt tcagacagca
2466ctaccaagag gaggtggtca gcacttgtta ttggcctatg aactaaaagc
aaatcaaagc 2526tcataaatca aagctcatca gttcccataa atgcagttgt
caaagaaaag atttggttgc 2586catagtcata agcaatgata catgaaacca
atgaaagaca gtacatgtaa taatattttc 2646ctcagtacaa ttttgctggc
cttaactggt atcaaacgct gtcattgaga tgttttcaaa 2706gaacattgag
ttgtatttaa tcagcgtgta ctccatttgc attgaagcat taaaaattat
2766ttttcttaaa atctctttaa ggccttcttg ttgctgttag aatagtgcta
tatatcaggt 2826atgtgaccat ttatttcaga aggctgaaca taagaggttt
ctactcagca atacttagat 2886gtctaactgt ttaattgcta cagagcttta
tagatattta gagaaaagac ttaatcaatt 2946agtaaataaa attgcctatg
gcaggattct ttcttgaatt aatattaatc cttaaattga 3006tttttctggg
attatacaaa ttccttttta tataaaagta tattgtttaa aacagtagct
3066atagccatta accaaaggac agatgatata tatatatatg atatatatat
atatataagt 3126tcttttttag ctgtacctac gtacttatat cagcaccatg
tatgtaggtg tgatagtact 3186ttcaaacagc gcctccacct ggcctactct
gttatttcca cctgtttggg tagggccatt 3246taacttccat tatgccaaac
ttgggatggg attttcgaag cagacaacac tatttcatcg 3306tgtttcaaat
tggaaccttg aggctagtta gtatcacact caggccacac tcagcacttg
3366cccactcttg tttactgcct tgtattctag ttatttgtgt atttgtctcc
ctcactagat 3426tatacgctcc ttgtgggcag ggactgtgtc ttttttcatc
tttgtatctt tcatggacct 3486agcatagtgc tttgcacata gtagtcactc
agtgtttgtt aaataaagct attagtgtca 3546ttaaaattca aaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaa a 3577114779PRTHomo sapiens 114Met Ser Arg Phe Pro Ala
Val Ala Gly Arg Ala Pro Arg Arg Gln Glu1 5 10 15Glu Gly Glu Arg Ser
Arg Asp Leu Gln Glu Glu Arg Leu Ser Ala Val 20 25 30Cys Ile Ala Asp
Arg Glu Glu Lys Gly Cys Thr Ser Gln Glu Gly Gly 35 40 45Thr Thr Pro
Thr Phe Pro Ile Gln Lys Gln Arg Lys Lys Ile Ile Gln 50 55 60Ala Val
Arg Asp Asn Ser Phe Leu Ile Val Thr Gly Asn Thr Gly Ser65 70 75
80Gly Lys Thr Thr Gln Leu Pro Lys Tyr Leu Tyr Glu Ala Gly Phe Ser
85 90 95Gln His Gly Met Ile Gly Val Thr Gln Pro Arg Lys Val Ala Ala
Ile 100 105 110Ser Val Ala Gln Arg Val Ala Glu Glu Met Lys Cys Thr
Leu Gly Ser 115 120 125Lys Val Gly Tyr Gln Val Arg Phe Asp Asp Cys
Ser Ser Lys Glu Thr 130 135 140Ala Ile Lys Tyr Met Thr Asp Gly Cys
Leu Leu Lys His Ile Leu Gly145 150 155 160Asp Pro Asn Leu Thr Lys
Phe Ser Val Ile Ile Leu Asp Glu Ala His 165 170 175Glu Arg Thr Leu
Thr Thr Asp Ile Leu Phe Gly Leu Leu Lys Lys Leu 180 185 190Phe Gln
Glu Lys Ser Pro Asn Arg Lys Glu His Leu Lys Val Val Val 195 200
205Met Ser Ala Thr Met Glu Leu Ala Lys Leu Ser Ala Phe Phe Gly Asn
210 215 220Cys Pro Ile Phe Asp Ile Pro Gly Arg Leu Tyr Pro Val Arg
Glu Lys225 230 235 240Phe Cys Asn Leu Ile Gly Pro Arg Asp Arg Glu
Asn Thr Ala Tyr Ile 245 250 255Gln Ala Ile Val Lys Val Thr Met Asp
Ile His Leu Asn Glu Met Ala 260 265 270Gly Asp Ile Leu Val Phe Leu
Thr Gly Gln Phe Glu Ile Glu Lys Ser 275 280 285Cys Glu Leu Leu Phe
Gln Met Ala Glu Ser Val Asp Tyr Asp Tyr Asp 290 295 300Val Gln Asp
Thr Thr Leu Asp Gly Leu Leu Ile Leu Pro Cys Tyr Gly305 310 315
320Ser Met Thr Thr Asp Gln Gln Arg Arg Ile Phe Leu Pro Pro Pro Pro
325 330 335Gly Ile Arg Lys Cys Val Ile Ser Thr Asn Ile Ser Ala Thr
Ser Leu 340 345 350Thr Ile Asp Gly Ile Arg Tyr Val Val Asp Gly Gly
Phe Val Lys Gln 355 360 365Leu Asn His Asn Pro Arg Leu Gly Leu Asp
Ile Leu Glu Val Val Pro 370 375 380Ile Ser Lys Ser Glu Ala Leu Gln
Arg Ser Gly Arg Ala Gly Arg Thr385 390 395 400Ser Ser Gly Lys Cys
Phe Arg Ile Tyr Ser Lys Asp Phe Trp Asn Gln 405 410 415Cys Met Pro
Asp His Val Ile Pro Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Ser Leu Thr 420 425 430Ser
Val Val Leu Thr Leu Lys Cys Leu Ala Ile His Asp Val Ile Arg 435 440
445Phe Pro Tyr Leu Asp Pro Pro Asn Glu Arg Leu Ile Leu Glu Ala Leu
450 455 460Lys Gln Leu Tyr Gln Cys Asp Ala Ile Asp Arg Ser Gly His
Val Thr465 470 475 480Arg Leu Gly Leu Ser Met Val Glu Phe Pro Leu
Pro Pro His Leu Thr 485 490 495Cys Ala Val Ile Lys Ala Ala Ser Leu
Asp Cys Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu 500 505 510Pro Ile Ala Ala Met Leu Ser
Val Glu Asn Val Phe Ile Arg Pro Val 515 520 525Asp Pro Glu Tyr Gln
Lys Glu Ala Glu Gln Arg His Arg Glu Leu Ala 530 535 540Ala Lys Ala
Gly Gly Phe Asn Asp Phe Ala Thr Leu Ala Val Ile Phe545 550 555
560Glu Gln Cys Lys Ser Ser Gly Ala Pro Ala Ser Trp Cys Gln Lys His
565 570 575Trp Ile His Trp Arg Cys Leu Phe Ser Ala Phe Arg Val Glu
Ala Gln 580 585 590Leu Arg Glu Leu Ile Arg Lys Leu Lys Gln Gln Ser
Asp Phe Pro Lys 595 600 605Glu Thr Phe Glu Gly Pro Lys His Glu Val
Leu Arg Arg Cys Leu Cys 610 615 620Ala Gly Tyr Phe Lys Asn Val Ala
Arg Arg Ser Val Gly Arg Thr Phe625 630 635 640Cys Thr Met Asp Gly
Arg Gly Ser Pro Val His Ile His Pro Ser Ser 645 650 655Ala Leu His
Glu Gln Glu Thr Lys Leu Glu Trp Ile Ile Phe His Glu 660 665 670Val
Leu Val Thr Thr Lys Val Tyr Ala Arg Ile Val Cys Pro Ile Arg 675 680
685Tyr Glu Trp Val Arg Asp Leu Leu Pro Lys Leu His Glu Phe Asn Ala
690 695 700His Asp Leu Ser Ser Val Ala Arg Arg Glu Val Arg Glu Asp
Ala Arg705 710 715 720Arg Arg Trp Thr Asn Lys Glu Asn Val Lys Gln
Leu Lys Asp Gly Ile 725 730 735Ser Lys Asp Val Leu Lys Lys Met Gln
Arg Arg Asn Asp Asp Lys Ser 740 745 750Ile Ser Asp Ala Arg Ala Arg
Phe Leu Glu Arg Lys Gln Gln Arg Thr 755 760 765Gln Asp His Ser Asp
Thr Arg Lys Glu Thr Gly 770 7751152340DNAHomo
sapiensCDS(1)...(2340) 115atg tcc cgg ttt ccc gca gtc gcg ggc agg
gcg cca agg cgg cag gag 48Met Ser Arg Phe Pro Ala Val Ala Gly Arg
Ala Pro Arg Arg Gln Glu 1 5 10 15gag ggt gag cgg tca aga gac ctc
cag gaa gag cgg ctc tcg gct gtt 96Glu Gly Glu Arg Ser Arg Asp Leu
Gln Glu Glu Arg Leu Ser Ala Val 20 25 30tgc atc gcc gat aga gaa gag
aaa gga tgc acg tcc cag gag gga gga 144Cys Ile Ala Asp Arg Glu Glu
Lys Gly Cys Thr Ser Gln Glu Gly Gly 35 40 45act act cca act ttt cct
att cag aaa caa aga aaa aag att att caa 192Thr Thr Pro Thr Phe Pro
Ile Gln Lys Gln Arg Lys Lys Ile Ile Gln 50 55 60gct gtg agg gac aat
tca ttc ctt att gtt act gga aat aca gga agt 240Ala Val Arg Asp Asn
Ser Phe Leu Ile Val Thr Gly Asn Thr Gly Ser 65 70 75 80ggt aaa aca
act caa ctc cca aaa tat cta tat gaa gca ggg ttt tca 288Gly Lys Thr
Thr Gln Leu Pro Lys Tyr Leu Tyr Glu Ala Gly Phe Ser 85 90 95caa cat
ggt atg att ggt gta act caa cca cga aaa gta gct gct ata 336Gln His
Gly Met Ile Gly Val Thr Gln Pro Arg Lys Val Ala Ala Ile 100 105
110tca gtt gct cag aga gta gct gaa gaa atg aaa tgc act ttg gga tcc
384Ser Val Ala Gln Arg Val Ala Glu Glu Met Lys Cys Thr Leu Gly Ser
115 120 125aaa gta gga tac caa gtt cgt ttt gat gat tgc agt tct aag
gag aca 432Lys Val Gly Tyr Gln Val Arg Phe Asp Asp Cys Ser Ser Lys
Glu Thr 130 135 140gca atc aaa tat atg act gat gga tgt tta ctg aaa
cat att ctg gga 480Ala Ile Lys Tyr Met Thr Asp Gly Cys Leu Leu Lys
His Ile Leu Gly145 150 155 160gac cca aat ctt acc aaa ttc agt gtc
att att ttg gat gaa gcc cat 528Asp Pro Asn Leu Thr Lys Phe Ser Val
Ile Ile Leu Asp Glu Ala His 165 170 175gaa aga act cta act aca gat
atc tta ttt ggt tta ttg aag aag cta 576Glu Arg Thr Leu Thr Thr Asp
Ile Leu Phe Gly Leu Leu Lys Lys Leu 180 185 190ttt cag gag aag tct
cct aat agg aag gag cat tta aaa gtg gtg gta 624Phe Gln Glu Lys Ser
Pro Asn Arg Lys Glu His Leu Lys Val Val Val 195 200 205atg tca gca
act atg gaa tta gcc aag ctc tct gca ttc ttt gga aat 672Met Ser Ala
Thr Met Glu Leu Ala Lys Leu Ser Ala Phe Phe Gly Asn 210 215 220tgt
cca ata ttt gat ata cct gga agg ctt tat cca gtc aga gag aaa 720Cys
Pro Ile Phe Asp Ile Pro Gly Arg Leu Tyr Pro Val Arg Glu Lys225 230
235 240ttc tgc aat ttg att ggt cca cga gac aga gaa aat act gcg tat
att 768Phe Cys Asn Leu Ile Gly Pro Arg Asp Arg Glu Asn Thr Ala Tyr
Ile 245 250 255caa gcg att gtg aaa gtc acc atg gat atc cat ttg aat
gaa atg gct 816Gln Ala Ile Val Lys Val Thr Met Asp Ile His Leu Asn
Glu Met Ala 260 265 270gga gac atc ttg gtt ttt ctg act ggc cag ttt
gaa ata gaa aaa agt 864Gly Asp Ile Leu Val Phe Leu Thr Gly Gln Phe
Glu Ile Glu Lys Ser 275 280 285tgt gag tta ctt ttt cag atg gca gag
tct gtt gat tat gat tat gat 912Cys Glu Leu Leu Phe Gln Met Ala Glu
Ser Val Asp Tyr Asp Tyr Asp 290 295 300gtt caa gat acc acc ctc gat
ggc ttg tta ata ttg ccg tgt tat gga 960Val Gln Asp Thr Thr Leu Asp
Gly Leu Leu Ile Leu Pro Cys Tyr Gly305 310 315 320tca atg aca aca
gat caa cag agg agg ata ttt ttg cca cca cca cct 1008Ser Met Thr Thr
Asp Gln Gln Arg Arg Ile Phe Leu Pro Pro Pro Pro 325 330 335gga att
aga aaa tgt gtc ata tcc acc aat att tct gca acg tct ttg 1056Gly Ile
Arg Lys Cys Val Ile Ser Thr Asn Ile Ser Ala Thr Ser Leu 340 345
350aca ata gat gga atc aga tat gtg gta gat ggt ggc ttc gtg aag cag
1104Thr Ile Asp Gly Ile Arg Tyr Val Val Asp Gly Gly Phe Val Lys Gln
355 360 365tta aat cac aac ccc aga tta ggg ttg gac atc ctg gag gtg
gtt cca 1152Leu Asn His Asn Pro Arg Leu
Gly Leu Asp Ile Leu Glu Val Val Pro 370 375 380att tca aag agc gag
gca tta cag cga agt ggc cga gct ggc agg act 1200Ile Ser Lys Ser Glu
Ala Leu Gln Arg Ser Gly Arg Ala Gly Arg Thr385 390 395 400tct tca
gga aaa tgc ttt cgg atc tat agt aaa gat ttt tgg aac cag 1248Ser Ser
Gly Lys Cys Phe Arg Ile Tyr Ser Lys Asp Phe Trp Asn Gln 405 410
415tgt atg cct gac cat gtg atc cct gaa att aag aga act agt ttg aca
1296Cys Met Pro Asp His Val Ile Pro Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Ser Leu Thr
420 425 430tct gta gtt ctg acc tta aag tgc ctt gcc ata cac gat gtc
ata agg 1344Ser Val Val Leu Thr Leu Lys Cys Leu Ala Ile His Asp Val
Ile Arg 435 440 445ttt ccc tat ttg gat cca cct aat gag aga ctt att
tta gaa gct ctt 1392Phe Pro Tyr Leu Asp Pro Pro Asn Glu Arg Leu Ile
Leu Glu Ala Leu 450 455 460aaa caa ctt tac cag tgt gat gct att gac
agg agt ggc cat gtc acc 1440Lys Gln Leu Tyr Gln Cys Asp Ala Ile Asp
Arg Ser Gly His Val Thr465 470 475 480aga ttg ggt ttg tct atg gtg
gag ttt cct ttg cct cca cat ctg aca 1488Arg Leu Gly Leu Ser Met Val
Glu Phe Pro Leu Pro Pro His Leu Thr 485 490 495tgt gca gta ata aaa
gct gct tcc ctg gat tgt gaa gat cta cta ctt 1536Cys Ala Val Ile Lys
Ala Ala Ser Leu Asp Cys Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu 500 505 510cca ata gca
gca atg ttg tct gtg gaa aac gtc ttc att aga cct gtt 1584Pro Ile Ala
Ala Met Leu Ser Val Glu Asn Val Phe Ile Arg Pro Val 515 520 525gat
cca gag tac cag aag gaa gca gaa cag aga cat cga gaa ttg gca 1632Asp
Pro Glu Tyr Gln Lys Glu Ala Glu Gln Arg His Arg Glu Leu Ala 530 535
540gct aaa gct gga gga ttt aat gac ttt gca act tta gct gtc atc ttt
1680Ala Lys Ala Gly Gly Phe Asn Asp Phe Ala Thr Leu Ala Val Ile
Phe545 550 555 560gaa caa tgc aaa tca agt gga gct cca gct tca tgg
tgc caa aaa cac 1728Glu Gln Cys Lys Ser Ser Gly Ala Pro Ala Ser Trp
Cys Gln Lys His 565 570 575tgg att cat tgg agg tgc tta ttt tct gca
ttt cgt gtg gaa gct caa 1776Trp Ile His Trp Arg Cys Leu Phe Ser Ala
Phe Arg Val Glu Ala Gln 580 585 590ctt cga gaa cta atc agg aag ctt
aaa cag caa agt gat ttc cca aaa 1824Leu Arg Glu Leu Ile Arg Lys Leu
Lys Gln Gln Ser Asp Phe Pro Lys 595 600 605gag acc ttt gaa ggc cct
aaa cat gaa gta cta cga aga tgt ctt tgt 1872Glu Thr Phe Glu Gly Pro
Lys His Glu Val Leu Arg Arg Cys Leu Cys 610 615 620gcg ggc tat ttc
aaa aat gta gct cga aga tct gtt ggg aga acg ttt 1920Ala Gly Tyr Phe
Lys Asn Val Ala Arg Arg Ser Val Gly Arg Thr Phe625 630 635 640tgc
aca atg gat ggt cgt gga agc cca gtt cac att cat cct tcc tca 1968Cys
Thr Met Asp Gly Arg Gly Ser Pro Val His Ile His Pro Ser Ser 645 650
655gca ctt cat gaa cag gaa acc aaa ctt gaa tgg atc att ttt cat gag
2016Ala Leu His Glu Gln Glu Thr Lys Leu Glu Trp Ile Ile Phe His Glu
660 665 670gta ttg gtt acc acc aaa gtc tac gca aga att gta tgc cca
atc cgt 2064Val Leu Val Thr Thr Lys Val Tyr Ala Arg Ile Val Cys Pro
Ile Arg 675 680 685tat gaa tgg gta aga gac ttg tta ccc aag ttg cat
gaa ttt aat gca 2112Tyr Glu Trp Val Arg Asp Leu Leu Pro Lys Leu His
Glu Phe Asn Ala 690 695 700cat gat ttg agc agt gtg gcc cga cgt gaa
gtg aga gaa gat gca aga 2160His Asp Leu Ser Ser Val Ala Arg Arg Glu
Val Arg Glu Asp Ala Arg705 710 715 720agg aga tgg aca aat aag gaa
aat gta aag cag cta aag gat gga ata 2208Arg Arg Trp Thr Asn Lys Glu
Asn Val Lys Gln Leu Lys Asp Gly Ile 725 730 735tcg aaa gac gtc tta
aag aaa atg caa aga aga aat gat gac aaa tcc 2256Ser Lys Asp Val Leu
Lys Lys Met Gln Arg Arg Asn Asp Asp Lys Ser 740 745 750ata tct gat
gca cgg gct cgt ttc ctt gag aga aag cag cag agg acc 2304Ile Ser Asp
Ala Arg Ala Arg Phe Leu Glu Arg Lys Gln Gln Arg Thr 755 760 765cag
gac cac agt gac aca cga aag gaa aca ggc taa 2340Gln Asp His Ser Asp
Thr Arg Lys Glu Thr Gly * 770 77511686PRTArtificial SequenceAmino
acid consensus sequence 116Glu Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Ile Leu Val Ala
Thr Pro Gly Arg Leu Leu1 5 10 15Asp His Leu Glu Asn Gly Ser Leu Leu
Glu Lys Arg Leu Lys Leu Lys 20 25 30Asn Leu Lys Leu Leu Val Leu Asp
Glu Ala Asp Arg Met Leu Asp Met 35 40 45Gly Lys Ala His Gly Phe Gly
Pro Asp Leu Glu Glu Gln Thr Leu Leu 50 55 60Phe Ser Ala Thr Leu Pro
Glu Val Glu Arg Leu Ala Lys Leu Phe Leu65 70 75 80Leu Arg Ile Lys
Gln Lys 8511787PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence
117Asp Glu Leu Ala Lys Phe Leu Lys Glu Leu Phe Pro Lys Leu Pro Gly1
5 10 15Ile Lys Val Ala Arg Leu His Gly Gly Leu Ser Gln Glu Glu Arg
Glu 20 25 30Glu Ile Leu Glu Lys Phe Arg Asn Gly Lys Ser Lys Val Leu
Val Ala 35 40 45Thr Asp Val Ala Ala Arg Gly Ile Asp Ile Pro Asp Val
Asn Leu Val 50 55 60Ile Asn Tyr Asp Leu Pro Trp Asn Pro Glu Ser Tyr
Ile Gln Arg Ile65 70 75 80Gly Arg Ala Gly Arg Ala Gly
8511886PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 118Leu
Asp Ala Glu Lys Phe Ser Glu Tyr Phe Gly Asn Cys Pro Ile Ile1 5 10
15Glu Val Pro Gly Arg Thr Tyr Pro Val Glu Val Tyr Tyr Thr Lys Glu
20 25 30Thr Thr Glu Pro Glu Glu Asp Tyr Ile Glu Ala Ala Ile Arg Thr
Val 35 40 45Ile Gln Ile His Met Thr Glu Pro Ala Pro Gly Asp Ile Leu
Val Phe 50 55 60Leu Thr Gly Gln Glu Glu Ile Glu Glu Ala Cys Glu Arg
Leu Lys Glu65 70 75 80Arg Met Lys Gln Leu Glu 85119745PRTHomo
sapiens 119Arg Glu Arg Glu Lys Glu Lys Glu Lys Glu Leu Arg Ala Ser
Thr Asn1 5 10 15Ala Met Leu Ile Ser Ala Gly Leu Pro Pro Leu Lys Ala
Ser His Ser 20 25 30Ala His Ser Thr His Ser Ala His Ser Thr His Ser
Thr His Ser Ala 35 40 45His Ser Thr His Ala Gly His Ala Gly His Thr
Ser Leu Pro Gln Cys 50 55 60Ile Asn Pro Phe Thr Asn Leu Pro His Thr
Pro Arg Tyr Tyr Asp Ile65 70 75 80Leu Lys Lys Arg Leu Gln Leu Pro
Val Trp Glu Tyr Lys Asp Arg Phe 85 90 95Thr Asp Ile Leu Val Arg His
Gln Ser Phe Val Leu Val Gly Glu Thr 100 105 110Gly Ser Gly Lys Thr
Thr Gln Ile Pro Gln Trp Cys Val Glu Tyr Met 115 120 125Arg Ser Leu
Pro Gly Pro Lys Arg Gly Val Ala Cys Thr Gln Pro Arg 130 135 140Arg
Val Ala Ala Met Ser Val Ala Gln Arg Val Ala Asp Glu Met Asp145 150
155 160Val Met Leu Gly Gln Glu Val Gly Tyr Ser Ile Arg Phe Glu Asp
Cys 165 170 175Ser Ser Ala Lys Thr Ile Leu Lys Tyr Met Thr Asp Gly
Met Leu Leu 180 185 190Arg Glu Ala Met Asn Asp Pro Leu Leu Glu Arg
Tyr Gly Val Ile Ile 195 200 205Leu Asp Glu Ala His Glu Arg Thr Leu
Ala Thr Asp Ile Leu Met Gly 210 215 220Val Leu Lys Glu Val Val Arg
Gln Arg Ser Asp Leu Lys Val Ile Val225 230 235 240Met Ser Ala Thr
Leu Asp Ala Gly Lys Phe Gln Ile Tyr Phe Asp Asn 245 250 255Cys Pro
Leu Leu Thr Ile Pro Gly Arg Thr His Pro Val Glu Ile Phe 260 265
270Tyr Thr Pro Glu Pro Glu Arg Asp Tyr Leu Glu Ala Ala Ile Arg Thr
275 280 285Val Ile Gln Ile His Met Cys Glu Glu Glu Glu Gly Asp Leu
Leu Leu 290 295 300Phe Leu Thr Gly Gln Glu Glu Ile Asp Glu Ala Cys
Lys Arg Ile Lys305 310 315 320Arg Glu Val Asp Asp Leu Gly Pro Glu
Val Gly Asp Ile Lys Ile Ile 325 330 335Pro Leu Tyr Ser Thr Leu Pro
Pro Gln Gln Gln Gln Arg Ile Phe Glu 340 345 350Pro Pro Pro Pro Lys
Lys Gln Asn Gly Ala Ile Gly Arg Lys Val Val 355 360 365Val Ser Thr
Asn Ile Ala Glu Thr Ser Leu Thr Ile Asp Gly Val Val 370 375 380Phe
Val Ile Asp Pro Gly Phe Ala Lys Gln Lys Val Tyr Asn Pro Arg385 390
395 400Ile Arg Val Glu Ser Leu Leu Val Thr Ala Ile Ser Lys Ala Ser
Ala 405 410 415Gln Gln Arg Ala Gly Arg Ala Gly Arg Thr Arg Pro Gly
Lys Cys Phe 420 425 430Arg Leu Tyr Thr Glu Lys Ala Tyr Lys Thr Glu
Met Gln Asp Asn Thr 435 440 445Tyr Pro Glu Ile Leu Arg Ser Asn Leu
Gly Ser Val Val Leu Gln Leu 450 455 460Lys Lys Leu Gly Ile Asp Asp
Leu Val His Phe Asp Phe Met Asp Pro465 470 475 480Pro Ala Pro Glu
Thr Leu Met Arg Ala Leu Glu Leu Leu Asn Tyr Leu 485 490 495Ala Ala
Leu Asn Asp Asp Gly Asp Leu Thr Glu Leu Gly Ser Met Met 500 505
510Ala Glu Phe Pro Leu Asp Pro Gln Leu Ala Lys Met Val Ile Ala Ser
515 520 525Cys Asp Tyr Asn Cys Ser Asn Glu Val Leu Ser Ile Thr Ala
Met Leu 530 535 540Ser Val Pro Gln Cys Phe Val Arg Pro Thr Glu Ala
Lys Lys Ala Ala545 550 555 560Asp Glu Ala Lys Met Arg Phe Ala His
Ile Asp Gly Asp His Leu Thr 565 570 575Leu Leu Asn Val Tyr His Ala
Phe Lys Gln Asn His Glu Ser Val Gln 580 585 590Trp Cys Tyr Asp Asn
Phe Ile Asn Tyr Arg Ser Leu Met Ser Ala Asp 595 600 605Asn Val Arg
Gln Gln Leu Ser Arg Ile Met Asp Arg Phe Asn Leu Pro 610 615 620Arg
Arg Ser Thr Asp Phe Thr Ser Arg Asp Tyr Tyr Ile Asn Ile Arg625 630
635 640Lys Ala Leu Val Thr Gly Tyr Phe Met Gln Val Ala His Leu Glu
Arg 645 650 655Thr Gly His Tyr Leu Thr Val Lys Asp Asn Gln Val Val
Gln Leu His 660 665 670Pro Ser Thr Val Leu Asp His Lys Pro Glu Trp
Val Leu Tyr Asn Glu 675 680 685Phe Val Leu Thr Thr Lys Asn Tyr Ile
Arg Thr Cys Thr Asp Ile Lys 690 695 700Pro Glu Trp Leu Val Lys Ile
Ala Pro Gln Tyr Tyr Asp Met Ser Asn705 710 715 720Phe Pro Gln Cys
Glu Ala Lys Arg Gln Leu Asp Arg Ile Ile Ala Lys 725 730 735Leu Gln
Ser Lys Glu Tyr Ser Gln Tyr 740 74512010PRTArtificial
SequenceDEAH-box subfamily ATP-dependent helicases signature 120Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Asp Glu Xaa His Xaa1 5 101218PRTArtificial
SequenceATP/GTP-binding motif 'A' (P-loop) signature 121Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Gly Lys Xaa1 51221649DNAHomo sapiensCDS(213)...(1073)
122gcgctgggtc cccgaggccc ggcccctccc cgggaggagg tgggcttcga
gtcacgtgac 60ccgtgcccta cgggaggggg tgcggtcggg gacccggcag gaggcggccg
agaagagagg 120accgtggggg cgttcgcgtg gctcccagcc cgggacccca
cccccgctgg acagtggggg 180aaactgaggc ctgagcgggc ccacacagga cc atg
aag gtg ctt ctc ctc aca 233 Met Lys Val Leu Leu Leu Thr 1 5ggg ctg
ggg gcc ctg ttc ttc gcc tat tat tgg gat gac aac ttc gac 281Gly Leu
Gly Ala Leu Phe Phe Ala Tyr Tyr Trp Asp Asp Asn Phe Asp 10 15 20cca
gcc agc ctc cag gga gcg cga gtg ctg ctg aca ggg gcc aac gct 329Pro
Ala Ser Leu Gln Gly Ala Arg Val Leu Leu Thr Gly Ala Asn Ala 25 30
35ggt gtt ggt gag gag ctg gcc tat cac tac gcg cgt ctg ggc tcc cac
377Gly Val Gly Glu Glu Leu Ala Tyr His Tyr Ala Arg Leu Gly Ser His
40 45 50 55ctg gtg ctc act gcc cac act gag gct ctc ctg cag aag gtg
gta ggg 425Leu Val Leu Thr Ala His Thr Glu Ala Leu Leu Gln Lys Val
Val Gly 60 65 70aac tgc cgg aag ctg ggc gcc ccc aag gtc ttc tac atc
gcg gcg gac 473Asn Cys Arg Lys Leu Gly Ala Pro Lys Val Phe Tyr Ile
Ala Ala Asp 75 80 85atg gcc tcc cct gag gcg ccc gag agc gtg gtg cag
ttt gcg ctg gac 521Met Ala Ser Pro Glu Ala Pro Glu Ser Val Val Gln
Phe Ala Leu Asp 90 95 100aag ctg ggc ggg ctg gac tac ctc gtg ctg
aac cac atc ggc ggc gcc 569Lys Leu Gly Gly Leu Asp Tyr Leu Val Leu
Asn His Ile Gly Gly Ala 105 110 115ccg gcc ggc acg cga gcc cgc agc
ccc cag gca act cgc tgg ctc atg 617Pro Ala Gly Thr Arg Ala Arg Ser
Pro Gln Ala Thr Arg Trp Leu Met120 125 130 135cag gta aac ttt gtg
agc tac gtg caa ctg acg tcg cgg gcg ctg ccc 665Gln Val Asn Phe Val
Ser Tyr Val Gln Leu Thr Ser Arg Ala Leu Pro 140 145 150agc ctg acg
gac agc aag ggc tcc ctg gtg gtg gtg tcc tcg ctg ctc 713Ser Leu Thr
Asp Ser Lys Gly Ser Leu Val Val Val Ser Ser Leu Leu 155 160 165ggc
cgc gtg ccc acg tcg ttc tcc act ccc tac tcg gcg gcc aag ttt 761Gly
Arg Val Pro Thr Ser Phe Ser Thr Pro Tyr Ser Ala Ala Lys Phe 170 175
180gcg ctg gac ggc ttc ttc ggc tcc ctg cgg cgg gag ctg gac gtg cag
809Ala Leu Asp Gly Phe Phe Gly Ser Leu Arg Arg Glu Leu Asp Val Gln
185 190 195gac gtg aac gtg gcc atc acc atg tgc gtc ctg ggc ctc cga
gat cgc 857Asp Val Asn Val Ala Ile Thr Met Cys Val Leu Gly Leu Arg
Asp Arg200 205 210 215gcc tcc gcc gcc gag gca gtc agg gga gtc acg
agg gtc aag gcg gcc 905Ala Ser Ala Ala Glu Ala Val Arg Gly Val Thr
Arg Val Lys Ala Ala 220 225 230ccg ggg ccc aag gca gcc ctg gcc gtg
atc cgc ggc ggc gcc acg cgc 953Pro Gly Pro Lys Ala Ala Leu Ala Val
Ile Arg Gly Gly Ala Thr Arg 235 240 245gcg gcc ggc gtc ttc tac ccg
tgg cgt ttc cgc ctg ctg tgc ttg ctc 1001Ala Ala Gly Val Phe Tyr Pro
Trp Arg Phe Arg Leu Leu Cys Leu Leu 250 255 260cgg cgc tgg cta ccg
cgc ccg cgg gcc tgg ttt atc cgc cag gag ctc 1049Arg Arg Trp Leu Pro
Arg Pro Arg Ala Trp Phe Ile Arg Gln Glu Leu 265 270 275aac gtc acg
gcc gcg gca gcc tga gcaccggggg gtgcccctcc agtcccagac 1103Asn Val
Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala *280 285ggcaatgttc ctccctccaa ctgtccctgg
agccagaaca ctcacagaga cacccctgag 1163agggtggcca cagcccaaga
tgaagtcatc aagacagaaa agcaaaaccg agaaaaacga 1223cgggcacctg
gaaccagtca cggcttggga ggtgcaggtg ccccgtgtta ggcgcctttg
1283tcggggactt gcaaggcctc acctgtttgg ccatgattga tgacgtgact
gcttccattt 1343tgcagatgag gaaactaagg ctcagagagg ccacgccacc
cttgagccac ccatggaccc 1403ctctccatct cctgcctgcg cctttaagtc
cctgatttat tctttccatt cattccatct 1463gggaggaacc cccccaactc
ctgccagctt cccctagctg gggtctctgg tactcttcac 1523acctgcaggg
gcgtctacac tgttcgtcta cctggtggca gggtctgagc gggaggagga
1583gggaaagagt gtgttctgag ctggacccag cctcttgttc gagaataaaa
actcttcttc 1643tcttgc 1649123286PRTHomo sapiens 123Met Lys Val Leu
Leu Leu Thr Gly Leu Gly Ala Leu Phe Phe Ala Tyr1 5 10 15Tyr Trp Asp
Asp Asn Phe Asp Pro Ala Ser Leu Gln Gly Ala Arg Val 20 25 30Leu Leu
Thr Gly Ala Asn Ala Gly Val Gly Glu Glu Leu Ala Tyr His 35 40 45Tyr
Ala Arg Leu Gly Ser His Leu Val Leu Thr Ala His Thr Glu Ala 50 55
60Leu Leu Gln Lys Val Val Gly Asn Cys Arg Lys Leu Gly Ala Pro Lys65
70 75 80Val Phe Tyr Ile Ala Ala Asp Met Ala Ser Pro Glu Ala Pro Glu
Ser 85 90 95Val Val Gln Phe Ala Leu Asp Lys Leu Gly Gly Leu Asp Tyr
Leu Val 100 105 110Leu Asn His Ile Gly Gly Ala Pro Ala Gly Thr Arg
Ala Arg Ser Pro 115 120 125Gln Ala Thr Arg Trp Leu Met Gln Val Asn
Phe Val Ser Tyr Val Gln 130 135 140Leu Thr Ser Arg Ala
Leu Pro Ser Leu Thr Asp Ser Lys Gly Ser Leu145 150 155 160Val Val
Val Ser Ser Leu Leu Gly Arg Val Pro Thr Ser Phe Ser Thr 165 170
175Pro Tyr Ser Ala Ala Lys Phe Ala Leu Asp Gly Phe Phe Gly Ser Leu
180 185 190Arg Arg Glu Leu Asp Val Gln Asp Val Asn Val Ala Ile Thr
Met Cys 195 200 205Val Leu Gly Leu Arg Asp Arg Ala Ser Ala Ala Glu
Ala Val Arg Gly 210 215 220Val Thr Arg Val Lys Ala Ala Pro Gly Pro
Lys Ala Ala Leu Ala Val225 230 235 240Ile Arg Gly Gly Ala Thr Arg
Ala Ala Gly Val Phe Tyr Pro Trp Arg 245 250 255Phe Arg Leu Leu Cys
Leu Leu Arg Arg Trp Leu Pro Arg Pro Arg Ala 260 265 270Trp Phe Ile
Arg Gln Glu Leu Asn Val Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala 275 280
285124861DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(861) 124atg aag gtg ctt ctc ctc
aca ggg ctg ggg gcc ctg ttc ttc gcc tat 48Met Lys Val Leu Leu Leu
Thr Gly Leu Gly Ala Leu Phe Phe Ala Tyr 1 5 10 15tat tgg gat gac
aac ttc gac cca gcc agc ctc cag gga gcg cga gtg 96Tyr Trp Asp Asp
Asn Phe Asp Pro Ala Ser Leu Gln Gly Ala Arg Val 20 25 30ctg ctg aca
ggg gcc aac gct ggt gtt ggt gag gag ctg gcc tat cac 144Leu Leu Thr
Gly Ala Asn Ala Gly Val Gly Glu Glu Leu Ala Tyr His 35 40 45tac gcg
cgt ctg ggc tcc cac ctg gtg ctc act gcc cac act gag gct 192Tyr Ala
Arg Leu Gly Ser His Leu Val Leu Thr Ala His Thr Glu Ala 50 55 60ctc
ctg cag aag gtg gta ggg aac tgc cgg aag ctg ggc gcc ccc aag 240Leu
Leu Gln Lys Val Val Gly Asn Cys Arg Lys Leu Gly Ala Pro Lys 65 70
75 80gtc ttc tac atc gcg gcg gac atg gcc tcc cct gag gcg ccc gag
agc 288Val Phe Tyr Ile Ala Ala Asp Met Ala Ser Pro Glu Ala Pro Glu
Ser 85 90 95gtg gtg cag ttt gcg ctg gac aag ctg ggc ggg ctg gac tac
ctc gtg 336Val Val Gln Phe Ala Leu Asp Lys Leu Gly Gly Leu Asp Tyr
Leu Val 100 105 110ctg aac cac atc ggc ggc gcc ccg gcc ggc acg cga
gcc cgc agc ccc 384Leu Asn His Ile Gly Gly Ala Pro Ala Gly Thr Arg
Ala Arg Ser Pro 115 120 125cag gca act cgc tgg ctc atg cag gta aac
ttt gtg agc tac gtg caa 432Gln Ala Thr Arg Trp Leu Met Gln Val Asn
Phe Val Ser Tyr Val Gln 130 135 140ctg acg tcg cgg gcg ctg ccc agc
ctg acg gac agc aag ggc tcc ctg 480Leu Thr Ser Arg Ala Leu Pro Ser
Leu Thr Asp Ser Lys Gly Ser Leu145 150 155 160gtg gtg gtg tcc tcg
ctg ctc ggc cgc gtg ccc acg tcg ttc tcc act 528Val Val Val Ser Ser
Leu Leu Gly Arg Val Pro Thr Ser Phe Ser Thr 165 170 175ccc tac tcg
gcg gcc aag ttt gcg ctg gac ggc ttc ttc ggc tcc ctg 576Pro Tyr Ser
Ala Ala Lys Phe Ala Leu Asp Gly Phe Phe Gly Ser Leu 180 185 190cgg
cgg gag ctg gac gtg cag gac gtg aac gtg gcc atc acc atg tgc 624Arg
Arg Glu Leu Asp Val Gln Asp Val Asn Val Ala Ile Thr Met Cys 195 200
205gtc ctg ggc ctc cga gat cgc gcc tcc gcc gcc gag gca gtc agg gga
672Val Leu Gly Leu Arg Asp Arg Ala Ser Ala Ala Glu Ala Val Arg Gly
210 215 220gtc acg agg gtc aag gcg gcc ccg ggg ccc aag gca gcc ctg
gcc gtg 720Val Thr Arg Val Lys Ala Ala Pro Gly Pro Lys Ala Ala Leu
Ala Val225 230 235 240atc cgc ggc ggc gcc acg cgc gcg gcc ggc gtc
ttc tac ccg tgg cgt 768Ile Arg Gly Gly Ala Thr Arg Ala Ala Gly Val
Phe Tyr Pro Trp Arg 245 250 255ttc cgc ctg ctg tgc ttg ctc cgg cgc
tgg cta ccg cgc ccg cgg gcc 816Phe Arg Leu Leu Cys Leu Leu Arg Arg
Trp Leu Pro Arg Pro Arg Ala 260 265 270tgg ttt atc cgc cag gag ctc
aac gtc acg gcc gcg gca gcc tga 861Trp Phe Ile Arg Gln Glu Leu Asn
Val Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala * 275 280 285125206PRTArtificial
SequenceAmino acid consensus sequence 125Lys Val Ala Leu Val Thr
Gly Ala Ser Ser Gly Ile Gly Leu Ala Ile1 5 10 15Ala Lys Arg Leu Ala
Lys Glu Gly Ala Lys Val Val Val Ala Asp Arg 20 25 30Asn Glu Glu Lys
Leu Glu Lys Gly Ala Val Ala Lys Glu Leu Lys Glu 35 40 45Leu Gly Gly
Asn Asp Lys Asp Arg Ala Leu Ala Ile Gln Leu Asp Val 50 55 60Thr Asp
Glu Glu Ser Val Lys Ala Ala Val Glu Gln Ala Val Glu Arg65 70 75
80Leu Gly Arg Gly Leu Asp Val Leu Val Asn Asn Ala Gly Gly Ile Ile
85 90 95Leu Leu Arg Pro Gly Pro Phe Ala Glu Leu Ser Arg Thr Met Glu
Glu 100 105 110Asp Trp Asp Arg Val Ile Asp Val Asn Leu Thr Gly Val
Phe Leu Leu 115 120 125Thr Arg Ala Val Leu Pro Leu Met Ala Met Lys
Lys Arg Gly Gly Gly 130 135 140Arg Ile Val Asn Ile Ser Ser Val Ala
Gly Arg Lys Glu Gly Gly Leu145 150 155 160Val Gly Val Pro Gly Gly
Ser Ala Tyr Ser Ala Ser Lys Ala Ala Val 165 170 175Ile Gly Leu Thr
Arg Ser Leu Ala Leu Glu Leu Ala Pro His Gly Gly 180 185 190Ile Arg
Val Asn Ala Val Ala Pro Gly Gly Val Asp Thr Asp 195 200
2051267PRTArtificial SequenceCo-enzyme binding pattern 126Gly Xaa
Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Gly1 51274PRTArtificial SequenceSDR active-site
pattern 127Tyr Xaa Xaa Lys112811PRTArtificial SequenceShort chain
dehydrogenase family signature 128Tyr Ser Ala Ala Lys Phe Ala Leu
Asp Gly Phe1 5 10129839DNAHomo sapiensCDS(44)...(649) 129cgcgagcgcg
ggggccgacg ggtcgccgct gcgccgggcc ggg atg gcg gcc acc 55 Met Ala Ala
Thr 1gcg ctg ctg gag gcc ggc ctg gcg cgg gtg ctc ttc tac ccg acg
ctg 103Ala Leu Leu Glu Ala Gly Leu Ala Arg Val Leu Phe Tyr Pro Thr
Leu 5 10 15 20ctc tac acc ctg ttc cgc ggg aag gtg ccg ggt cgg gcg
cac cgg gac 151Leu Tyr Thr Leu Phe Arg Gly Lys Val Pro Gly Arg Ala
His Arg Asp 25 30 35tgg tac cac cgc atc gac ccc acc gtg ctg ctg ggc
gcg ctg ccg ttg 199Trp Tyr His Arg Ile Asp Pro Thr Val Leu Leu Gly
Ala Leu Pro Leu 40 45 50cgg agc ttg acg cgc cag ctg gta cag gac gag
aac gtg cgc ggg gtg 247Arg Ser Leu Thr Arg Gln Leu Val Gln Asp Glu
Asn Val Arg Gly Val 55 60 65atc acc atg aac gag gag tac gag acg agg
ttc ctg tgc aac tct tca 295Ile Thr Met Asn Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Arg
Phe Leu Cys Asn Ser Ser 70 75 80cag gag tgg aag aga cta gga gtc gag
cag ctg cgg ctc agc aca gta 343Gln Glu Trp Lys Arg Leu Gly Val Glu
Gln Leu Arg Leu Ser Thr Val 85 90 95 100gac atg act ggg atc ccc acc
ttg gac aac ctc cag aag gga gtc caa 391Asp Met Thr Gly Ile Pro Thr
Leu Asp Asn Leu Gln Lys Gly Val Gln 105 110 115ttt gct ctc aag tac
cag tcg ctg ggc cag tgt gtt tac gtg cat tgt 439Phe Ala Leu Lys Tyr
Gln Ser Leu Gly Gln Cys Val Tyr Val His Cys 120 125 130aag gct ggg
cgc tcc agg agt gcc act atg gtg gca gca tac ctg att 487Lys Ala Gly
Arg Ser Arg Ser Ala Thr Met Val Ala Ala Tyr Leu Ile 135 140 145cag
gtg cac aaa tgg agt cca gag gag gct gta aga gcc atc gcc aag 535Gln
Val His Lys Trp Ser Pro Glu Glu Ala Val Arg Ala Ile Ala Lys 150 155
160atc cgg tca tac atc cac atc agg cct ggc cag ctg gat gtt ctt aaa
583Ile Arg Ser Tyr Ile His Ile Arg Pro Gly Gln Leu Asp Val Leu
Lys165 170 175 180gag ttc cac aag cag att act gca cgg gca aca aag
gat ggg act ttt 631Glu Phe His Lys Gln Ile Thr Ala Arg Ala Thr Lys
Asp Gly Thr Phe 185 190 195gtc att tca aag aca tga tgtatgggga
ttagaaagaa ctcaagacac 679Val Ile Ser Lys Thr * 200tcctgcttga
tacagaacaa aaagagctta acaggaccaa cagggcttaa gcccagactt
739gacgtaacag aaatgtgcca ataggtaata ggtaattttt ctttctctga
cttgttttgt 799tttcttgaaa taacactgtt gtgtggctag aaaaaaaaaa
839130201PRTHomo sapiens 130Met Ala Ala Thr Ala Leu Leu Glu Ala Gly
Leu Ala Arg Val Leu Phe1 5 10 15Tyr Pro Thr Leu Leu Tyr Thr Leu Phe
Arg Gly Lys Val Pro Gly Arg 20 25 30Ala His Arg Asp Trp Tyr His Arg
Ile Asp Pro Thr Val Leu Leu Gly 35 40 45Ala Leu Pro Leu Arg Ser Leu
Thr Arg Gln Leu Val Gln Asp Glu Asn 50 55 60Val Arg Gly Val Ile Thr
Met Asn Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Arg Phe Leu65 70 75 80Cys Asn Ser Ser
Gln Glu Trp Lys Arg Leu Gly Val Glu Gln Leu Arg 85 90 95Leu Ser Thr
Val Asp Met Thr Gly Ile Pro Thr Leu Asp Asn Leu Gln 100 105 110Lys
Gly Val Gln Phe Ala Leu Lys Tyr Gln Ser Leu Gly Gln Cys Val 115 120
125Tyr Val His Cys Lys Ala Gly Arg Ser Arg Ser Ala Thr Met Val Ala
130 135 140Ala Tyr Leu Ile Gln Val His Lys Trp Ser Pro Glu Glu Ala
Val Arg145 150 155 160Ala Ile Ala Lys Ile Arg Ser Tyr Ile His Ile
Arg Pro Gly Gln Leu 165 170 175Asp Val Leu Lys Glu Phe His Lys Gln
Ile Thr Ala Arg Ala Thr Lys 180 185 190Asp Gly Thr Phe Val Ile Ser
Lys Thr 195 200131606DNAHomo sapiensCDS(1)...(606) 131atg gcg gcc
acc gcg ctg ctg gag gcc ggc ctg gcg cgg gtg ctc ttc 48Met Ala Ala
Thr Ala Leu Leu Glu Ala Gly Leu Ala Arg Val Leu Phe 1 5 10 15tac
ccg acg ctg ctc tac acc ctg ttc cgc ggg aag gtg ccg ggt cgg 96Tyr
Pro Thr Leu Leu Tyr Thr Leu Phe Arg Gly Lys Val Pro Gly Arg 20 25
30gcg cac cgg gac tgg tac cac cgc atc gac ccc acc gtg ctg ctg ggc
144Ala His Arg Asp Trp Tyr His Arg Ile Asp Pro Thr Val Leu Leu Gly
35 40 45gcg ctg ccg ttg cgg agc ttg acg cgc cag ctg gta cag gac gag
aac 192Ala Leu Pro Leu Arg Ser Leu Thr Arg Gln Leu Val Gln Asp Glu
Asn 50 55 60gtg cgc ggg gtg atc acc atg aac gag gag tac gag acg agg
ttc ctg 240Val Arg Gly Val Ile Thr Met Asn Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Arg
Phe Leu 65 70 75 80tgc aac tct tca cag gag tgg aag aga cta gga gtc
gag cag ctg cgg 288Cys Asn Ser Ser Gln Glu Trp Lys Arg Leu Gly Val
Glu Gln Leu Arg 85 90 95ctc agc aca gta gac atg act ggg atc ccc acc
ttg gac aac ctc cag 336Leu Ser Thr Val Asp Met Thr Gly Ile Pro Thr
Leu Asp Asn Leu Gln 100 105 110aag gga gtc caa ttt gct ctc aag tac
cag tcg ctg ggc cag tgt gtt 384Lys Gly Val Gln Phe Ala Leu Lys Tyr
Gln Ser Leu Gly Gln Cys Val 115 120 125tac gtg cat tgt aag gct ggg
cgc tcc agg agt gcc act atg gtg gca 432Tyr Val His Cys Lys Ala Gly
Arg Ser Arg Ser Ala Thr Met Val Ala 130 135 140gca tac ctg att cag
gtg cac aaa tgg agt cca gag gag gct gta aga 480Ala Tyr Leu Ile Gln
Val His Lys Trp Ser Pro Glu Glu Ala Val Arg145 150 155 160gcc atc
gcc aag atc cgg tca tac atc cac atc agg cct ggc cag ctg 528Ala Ile
Ala Lys Ile Arg Ser Tyr Ile His Ile Arg Pro Gly Gln Leu 165 170
175gat gtt ctt aaa gag ttc cac aag cag att act gca cgg gca aca aag
576Asp Val Leu Lys Glu Phe His Lys Gln Ile Thr Ala Arg Ala Thr Lys
180 185 190gat ggg act ttt gtc att tca aag aca tga 606Asp Gly Thr
Phe Val Ile Ser Lys Thr * 195 200132173PRTArtificial SequenceAmino
acid consensus sequence 132Gly Pro Ser Glu Ile Leu Pro His Leu Tyr
Leu Gly Ser Tyr Ser Thr1 5 10 15Ala Ser Glu Ala Asn Leu Ala Leu Leu
Lys Lys Leu Gly Ile Thr His 20 25 30Val Ile Asn Val Thr Glu Glu Val
Pro Asn Pro Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys 35 40 45Lys Asn Asp Arg His Tyr Thr
Asn Ala Tyr Ile Ser Lys Asn Ser Gly 50 55 60Phe Thr Tyr Leu Gln Ile
Pro Asn Val Asp Asp His Ile Tyr Tyr His65 70 75 80Ile Ala Trp Asn
His Glu Thr Lys Ile Ser Lys Tyr Phe Asp Glu Ala 85 90 95Val Asp Phe
Ile Asp Asp Ala Arg Gln Lys Gly Gly Lys Val Leu Val 100 105 110His
Cys Gln Ala Gly Ile Ser Arg Ser Ala Thr Leu Ile Ile Ala Tyr 115 120
125Leu Met Lys Thr Arg Asn Leu Ser Leu Asn Glu Ala Tyr Asp Phe Val
130 135 140Tyr Val Tyr His Ile Lys Glu Arg Arg Cys Pro Ile Ile Ser
Pro Asn145 150 155 160Phe Gly Phe Leu Arg Gln Leu Ile Glu Tyr Glu
Arg Lys 165 170133172PRTArtificial SequenceAmino acid consensus
sequence 133Gly Pro Ser Glu Ile Leu Pro His Leu Tyr Leu Gly Ser Tyr
Ser Asp1 5 10 15Ala Ser Glu Ala Asn Leu Ala Leu Leu Lys Lys Leu Gly
Ile Thr His 20 25 30Val Ile Asn Val Thr Glu Glu Val Pro Asn Asn Phe
Glu Leu Lys Lys 35 40 45Lys Asn Asp Arg Tyr Tyr Thr Asn Glu Tyr Ile
Ser Lys Gly Ser Gly 50 55 60Phe Thr Tyr Leu Gln Ile Pro Asn Val Asp
Asp Ile Tyr Tyr His Ile65 70 75 80Ala Trp Asn Thr Glu Thr Lys Ile
Ser Lys Tyr Leu Glu Glu Ala Val 85 90 95Glu Phe Ile Glu Asp Ala Glu
Lys Lys Gly Gly Lys Val Leu Val His 100 105 110Cys Gln Ala Gly Val
Ser Arg Ser Ala Thr Leu Val Ile Ala Tyr Leu 115 120 125Met Lys Thr
Arg Asn Leu Ser Leu Arg Asp Ala Tyr Asp Phe Val Tyr 130 135 140Val
Tyr His Ile Lys Glu Arg Arg Cys Pro Ile Ile Ser Pro Asn Phe145 150
155 160Gly Phe Leu Arg Gln Leu Ile Glu Tyr Glu Arg Lys 165
17013413PRTArtificial SequenceTyrosine specific protein phosphatase
active site signature 134Xaa His Cys Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
Xaa Xaa Xaa1 5 101357PRTArtificial SequenceActive site motif of the
tyrosine phosphatase signature 135Cys Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Arg1
513621PRTArtificial SequenceDual specificity phosphatase extended
active site signature 136Val Xaa Val His Cys Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Ser
Arg Ser Xaa Thr Xaa Xaa1 5 10 15Xaa Ala Tyr Xaa Met 20
* * * * *